Xantrex XW4024-120/240-60, XW4548-120/240-60, XW6048-120/240-60 Operation Guide

XW4024-120/240-60

XW4548-120/240-60

XW6048-120/240-60

Hybrid Inverter/Charger

Operation Guide

XW Series Hybrid

Inverter/Charger

XW Series Inverter/Charger

Operation Guide

About Xantrex

Xantrex Technology Inc. is a world-leading supplier of advanced power electronics and controls with products from 50 watt mobile units to one MW utility-scale systems for wind, solar, batteries, fuel cells, microturbines, and backup power applications in both grid-connected and stand-alone systems. Xantrex products include inverters, battery chargers, programmable power supplies, and variable speed drives that convert, supply, control, clean, and distribute electrical power.

Trademarks

XW Series Inverter/Charger is a trademark of Xantrex International. Xantrex is a registered trademark of Xantrex International.

Other trademarks, registered trademarks, and product names are the property of their respective owners and are used herein for identification purposes only.

Notice of Copyright

XW Series Inverter/Charger Operation Guide © May 2007 Xantrex International. All rights reserved.

Exclusion for Documentation

UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING, XANTREX TECHNOLOGY INC. (“XANTREX”)

(A) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY TECHNICAL OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN ITS MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION.

(B) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSSES, DAMAGES, COSTS OR EXPENSES, WHETHER SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION. THE USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S RISK; AND

(C) REMINDS YOU THAT IF THIS MANUAL IS IN ANY LANGUAGE OTHER THAN ENGLISH, ALTHOUGH STEPS HAVE BEEN TAKEN TO MAINTAIN THE ACCURACY OF THE TRANSLATION, THE ACCURACY CANNOT BE GUARANTEED. APPROVED XANTREX CONTENT IS CONTAINED WITH THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE VERSION POSTED AT WWW.XANTREX.COM.

Date and Revision

May 2007 Revision A

Part Number

975-0240-01-01

Product Number

865-1000 (XW6048), 865-1005 (XW4548), 865-1010 (XW4024)

Contact Information

Telephone:	1 800 670 0707	(toll free North America)
	1 360 925 5097	(direct)
Fax:	1 800 994 7828	(toll free North America)
	1 360 925 5143	(direct)
Email:	[e-mail]
Web:	www.xantrex.com

About This Guide

Purpose

The purpose of this Operation Guide is to provide explanations and procedures for configuring, operating, maintaining, and troubleshooting the XW Series Inverter/ Charger.

Scope

The Guide provides safety guidelines, detailed setup information, and information about operating and troubleshooting the unit. It does not provide installation procedures or details about particular brands of batteries, photoelectric cells, or generators. Consult the equipment manufacturers for this information.

This manual includes information about monitoring and configuring the XW Inverter/Charger.

For more information about XW Series products features and accessories, see the

XW Series Inverter/Charger Installation Guide.

Audience

The Guide is intended for anyone who needs to operate, configure, and troubleshoot the XW Series Inverter/Charger. Certain configuration tasks should only be performed in consultation with your local utility and/or an authorized dealer.

Organization

This Guide is organized into four chapters.

Chapter 1, “Introduction”, describes the operational features of the XW Series Inverter/Charger.

Chapter 2, “Monitoring Operation”, contains information about monitoring XW Inverter/Charger operation using the Inverter Information Panel or the XW System Control Panel.

Chapter 3, “Configuration” explains how to navigate through the XW System Control Panel menus and configure the XW Inverter/Charger.,

Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting”, contains information and procedures for solving possible problems with the XW Inverter/Charger.

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About This Guide

Conventions Used

The following conventions are used in this guide.

WARNING

Warnings identify conditions or practices that could result in personal injury or loss of life

CAUTION

Cautions identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to the unit or other equipment.

Important: These notes describe things which are important for you to know, but not as serious as a caution or warning.

Related Information

XW Power System Installation Overview (975-0238-01-01) XW Power System Installation Guide (975-0239-01-01)

You can find more information about Xantrex Technology Inc. as well as its products and services at www.xantrex.com

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Important Safety Instructions

WARNING

This chapter contains important safety and operating instructions. Read and keep this

Operation Guide for future reference.

WARNING: Limitations on use

The XW Inverter/Charger is not intended for use in connection with life support systems or other medical equipment or devices.

1.Before using the XW Inverter/Charger, read all instructions and cautionary markings on the XW Inverter/Charger, the batteries, and all appropriate sections of this guide.

2.Ensure the XW Inverter/Charger is installed according to the guidelines and procedures in the XW Power System Installation Guide.

3.Do not expose the XW Inverter/Charger to rain, snow, or spray. To reduce risk of fire hazard, do not cover or obstruct the ventilation openings.

4.Use only attachments recommended or sold by Xantrex Technology. Doing otherwise may result in a risk of fire, electric shock, or injury to persons.

5.To avoid a risk of fire and electric shock, make sure that existing wiring is in good condition and that wire is not undersized. Do not operate the XW Inverter/Charger with damaged or substandard wiring.

6.Do not operate the XW Inverter/Charger if it has received a sharp blow, been dropped, or otherwise damaged in any way. If the XW Inverter/Charger is damaged, see the Warranty section.

7.Do not disassemble the XW Inverter/Charger. It contains no user-serviceable parts. See Warranty for instructions on obtaining service. Attempting to service the XW Inverter/Charger yourself may result in a risk of electrical shock or fire and will void your warranty. Internal capacitors remain charged after all power is disconnected.

8.To reduce the risk of electrical shock, authorized service personnel must disconnect both AC and DC power from the XW Inverter/Charger before attempting any maintenance or cleaning or working on any circuits connected to the XW Inverter/Charger. Turning off controls will not reduce this risk.

9.To reduce the chance of short-circuits, authorized service personnel must use insulated tools when installing or working with this equipment.

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Safety

Explosive gas precautions

WARNING: Explosion hazard

1.Working in the vicinity of batteries may be dangerous. Batteries can generate explosive gases during normal operation. Therefore, you must read this guide and follow the instructions exactly before installing or using your XW Inverter/Charger.

2.To reduce the risk of battery explosion, follow these instructions and those published by the battery manufacturer and the manufacturer of the equipment in which the battery is installed.

Precautions When Working With Batteries

WARNING: Explosion or fire hazard

1.Follow all instructions published by the battery manufacturer and the manufacturer of the equipment in which the battery is installed.

2.Make sure the area around the battery is well ventilated.

3.Never smoke or allow a spark or flame near the engine or batteries.

4.Use caution to reduce the risk of dropping a metal tool on the battery. It could spark or short circuit the battery or other electrical parts and could cause an explosion.

5.Remove all metal items, like rings, bracelets, and watches when working with batteries. Batteries can produce a short circuit current high enough to weld metal to skin, causing a severe burn.

6.Have someone within range of your voice or close enough to come to your aid when you work near a battery.

7.Have plenty of fresh water and soap nearby in case battery acid contacts skin, clothing, or eyes.

8.Wear complete eye protection and clothing protection. Avoid touching your eyes while working near batteries.

9.If battery acid contacts skin or clothing, wash immediately with soap and water. If acid enters your eye, immediately flood it with running cold water for at least twenty minutes and get medical attention immediately.

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Safety

FCC Information to the User

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

•Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

•Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

•Connect the equipment to a different circuit from that to which the receiver is connected.

•Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

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Contents

Important Safety Instructions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -v

1 Introduction

Basic Features- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–2

Basic Operation- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–3

Surge Performance - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–4

Islanding Protection - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–5

Monitoring the Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–6

Inverter Information Panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–6

XW System Control Panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–7

2 Monitoring Operation

Monitoring Operation with the Inverter Information Panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	- 2–2
Monitoring AC Input Status - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–2
Monitoring Inverter Status - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–3
Monitoring Charger Status - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–3
Monitoring Faults and Warnings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–3
Equalizing Batteries - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–4
Turning the XW Inverter/Charger On and Off - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–5
Monitoring Battery Level - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–6
Reading the Display Screen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–6
Monitoring Operation with the XW System Control Panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–7
XW System Control Panel Features - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–7
Using the Standby Button - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–8
System Control Panel Navigation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–8
Viewing the System Control Panel Home Screens - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–8
Viewing Other Screens - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–10
Reading the System Status Screen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–11
Reading the XW Inverter/Charger Home Screen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–11
Reading the Meters Screen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	2–14

3 Configuration

Using the XW System Control Panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–2

XW Inverter/Charger Setup Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–2

Setting the Time and Date - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–3

Using the Setup Menus- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–4

Inverter Settings Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–7

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Contents

Using the Low Battery Cut Out and LBCO Delay Settings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–7
Using Search Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–8
Charger Settings Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–10
Battery Charger Functions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–11
Multi-Stage Charging Process - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–11
Equalize Charging the Batteries - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–13
Using Charger Block - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–14
Custom Battery Settings Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–15
AC Settings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–16
Grid Support Settings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–17
Energy Management - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–18
Charger Block - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–18
Grid Support - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–18
Peak Load Shaving - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–19
Time-of-Use Metering - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–19
Generator Support Settings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–21
Auxiliary Output Settings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–21
Trigger Source Descriptions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–22
Multi-Unit Config Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–23
Setting the Device Name - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–24
Setting the Device Number - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–25
Connections Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–26
Operating Without Connections - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–27
Copying Settings From Another Unit- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–28
Resetting the XW Inverter/Charger to Default Settings- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -	3–28

4 Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Reference - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–2

General Troubleshooting Guidelines - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–2

Inverter Applications- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–3

Resistive Loads - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–3

Motor Loads - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–3

Problem Loads - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–4

Very Small Loads - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–4

Fluorescent Lights and Power Supplies - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–4

Clocks - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–4

Searching - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–4

Inverter Troubleshooting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–5

Battery Charger Troubleshooting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–8

Faults and Warnings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4–10

Warning Messages - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4–10

Warning Types - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4–11

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Fault Messages - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–15

Fault Types - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–16

Inverter Operation After Faults - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–16

A Specifications

Electrical Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–2

XW Inverter/Charger Overload Capability - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–3

Output Power Versus Ambient Temperature - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–4

XW Inverter/Charger Efficiency - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–4

Inverting Efficiency (Typical) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–4

Charging Efficiency (Typical) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–5

Sell Mode Efficiency (Typical) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–5

Mechanical Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–5

Accessories - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–6

B Default Settings

Default Settings and Ranges - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -B–2

Inverter Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -B–3

Charger Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -B–3

Custom Battery Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -B–4

AC Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -B–4

Grid Support Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -B–5

Gen Support Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -B–5

Aux Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -B–6

Connections Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -B–6

Warranty and Return Information - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WA–1

Index - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - IX–1

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1 Introduction

Chapter 1, “Introduction”, describes the operational features of the

XW Series Inverter/Charger.

Topics in this chapter include:

•“Basic Features” on page 1–2

•“Basic Operation” on page 1–3

Introduction

Basic Features

Congratulations on your purchase of a XW Series Inverter/Charger from Xantrex Technology Inc. The XW Inverter/Charger is one of the finest inverter/chargers on the market today, incorporating state-of-the-art technology, high reliability, and convenient control features.

Additional XW Inverter/Charger features include:

•Building block power levels—units can be installed in parallel configuration to produce up to 18 kilowatts

•High efficiency true sine wave output

•Split phase output on 120/240 60 Hz models to simplify system configuration by eliminating the need for an autotransformer or stacking multiple inverters

•Surge capacity to start difficult loads like well pumps, refrigerator or A/C compressors

•Power factor-corrected (PFC) input minimizes AC power required for charging, effectively increasing AC pass-through capacity

•High output, multi-stage charging to minimize charging time

•Easy to configure and install systems at a competitive dollar-per-watt cost

•Optional XW Automatic Generator Start allows operation with a wide range of generators, supported through a dedicated generator input

•Supports multi-mode grid-tie operation

•Integrated transfer switch

•Temperature-controlled, variable-speed internal cooling fan. The fan turns on when the internal temperature reaches 45 °C and reaches maximum speed at 70 °C. The fan turns off when the internal temperature falls to 40 °C.

•Housing design promotes vertical air flow through the inverter. This natural “chimney effect” helps provide convection cooling at lower power levels, and reduces fan run time.

•Designed for reliability and field serviceability.

System component

The XW Inverter/Charger uses Xanbus™, a network communications protocol developed by Xantrex, to communicate its settings and activity to other Xanbusenabled devices. You can configure and monitor the XW Inverter/Charger and every Xanbus-enabled device in the system using an XW System Control Panel (part number 865-1050).

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Basic Operation

Basic Operation

	The XW Series Inverter/Charger is a modular “building block” sine-wave
	inverter/charger that can be used for both residential and commercial stand-alone,
	grid-backup, and grid-tie applications with battery energy storage. The XW
	Inverter/Charger is a self-contained DC to AC inverter, battery charger and
	integrated AC transfer switch. Up to three inverters can be installed together in a
	120/240 V split phase configuration.
Multi-unit operation	Inverting For multiple XW Inverter/Chargers, the master inverter/charger
	broadcasts pulses on the Xanbus network to synchronize and arbitrate operation
	between the other paralleled units. This coordination of multi-unit operation
	results in reduced tare loss and improved efficiency—other paralleled units stay in
	low-power mode until they are needed.
	For paralleled XW Inverter/Chargers, only one inverter/charger operates, and
	additional devices come on-line only when the load exceeds approximately 60 per
	cent of the rated output of the master inverter/charger. In a three-unit system,
	additional slave units come on sequentially if the load on the master does not drop
	below 60 per cent about 3 to 5 seconds after a slave unit turns on to assist the
	master. When the load drops below 20 per cent of the master’s rated output, the
	slave units turn off in reverse order; that is, the last slave unit to turn on will be
	first to turn off.
	The current sharing imbalance for a single inverter/charger does not exceed 10 per
	cent of the rated maximum nominal output power. All non-utilized inverter/
	chargers are off-line when no load is present.
	Parallel charging When multiple XW Inverter/Chargers are charging in a
	system, they synchronize charging stages to ensure efficient charging of the
	battery bank. All units transition from bulk to absorption when a single unit does.
	In absorption, all units must complete the absorption stage before transitioning to
	the next stage. Note that units do not load share when charging. Each unit charges
	batteries based on the Max Charge Rate setting and active internal (temperature-
	based) deratings.
	If equalize is enabled on one or more devices capable of equalization charging
	(such as XW Inverter/Chargers or XW Series Solar Charge Controllers), only
	those devices initiate and perform a equalize cycle after absorption. Other devices
	will float (if three-stage charging is selected) or transition to AC pass-through (if
	two-stage charging is selected).
	When one or more XW Series Solar Charge Controllers are installed and
	operating in the system, the XW Inverter/Chargers synchronize charging stage
	(bulk, absorption, or float) with the charge controllers. In a similar fashion to the
	XW Inverter/Charger charge behavior, charge controllers also harmonize charging
	among themselves.
	AC Transfer XW Inverter/Chargers monitor each other using a peer-to-peer
	monitoring technique to determine the quality of AC input. If AC input is deemed
	bad by any of the paralleled units, no transfer to AC occurs and the units may

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Introduction

continually flash the AC LED on their respective information panels. If the system was in pass-through and AC fails on any unit, all units transfer to invert simultaneously.

Faults When an XW Inverter/Charger in a multi-unit system has a fault, only the affected device shuts down, except in the following cases:

• When a master unit has an invert mode fault that causes it to stop inverting, a system wide fault occurs. Invert mode faults on a slave unit shut down only the affected slave unit.

	• Battery-related faults such as battery over-temperature or over-voltage.
	Other modes of operation XW inverter/chargers operate independently when
	in grid support mode (including sell mode), load shave, generator support and
	charger block modes. This allows units to be configured to perform a multiple of
	functions independently and allowing greater flexibility in operating the system.
Auxiliary output	Each XW Inverter/Charger has one programmable auxiliary output that is able to
	run a small 12 V fan or operate an external relay to perform other functions, such
	as to remotely start a generator (if the Xanbus-enabled XW-AGS is not used), to
	disconnect external non-critical loads, or to turn on a diversion load for battery
	voltage regulation.
Transfer relay	The built-in transfer relay is rated for 60 amps. When an external AC source is
	detected on either of its two AC inputs, the switch transfers loads from the XW
	Inverter/Charger to the external power source, and then activates the battery
	charger to re-charge the battery bank.
AC1 and AC2 relay	The XW Inverter/Charger design does not allow the AC1 and AC2 inputs to feed
	into each other. The relays controlling AC1 and AC2 input can never close
	simultaneously. This design prevents generator input from feeding out to the
	utility grid.

Surge Performance

Unlike many other inverters, the XW Inverter/Charger prevents voltage from sagging dramatically during surge conditions. The XW Inverter/Charger handles surges of over twice the inverter’s rated output with only a minimal drop in output voltage.

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Basic Operation

Islanding Protection

Islanding protection is an essential safety feature that ensures no person working on the utility grid is harmed by a distributed energy source, such an XW Inverter/ Charger. Islanding protection also prevents loads connected to the inverter from being damaged by fluctuating utility grid input. Default software settings are programmed into each XW Inverter/Charger at the factory to ensure it does not “island” according to applicable safety regulations (such as IEEE 1547 and UL 1741).

As well, the XW Inverter/Charger uses a proprietary positive feedback controller that has minimal effect on total harmonic distortion, and is guaranteed to detect islanding conditions for all power levels, as governed by IEEE and UL standards.

In some instances it may be desirable from both a utility and customer point of view to adjust default anti-islanding settings. For example, the XW Inverter/ Charger may experience “nuisance trips” if the grid is weak and the voltage falls outside the allowable range specified in the regulations. It may be difficult for a utility to upgrade the grid to eliminate this problem. With permission from the utility, the factory settings may be changed to allow the XW Inverter/Charger to operate over a wider grid voltage range.

These settings should only be changed by qualified service personnel, using a special software application provided by Xantrex. Changing any values may compromise compliance with safety regulations. Do not do so without first consulting with the utility and agreeing on acceptable settings.

While selling power, the XW Inverter/Charger continuously monitors utility grid voltage and frequency. If the grid voltage and frequency move beyond the XW Inverter/Charger default ranges1—during a power surge or outage, for example— the XW Inverter/Charger stops selling power to AC1 and disconnects from the utility grid for five minutes (Five minutes is the minimum reconnect time, and is not adjustable.) If the utility grid voltage and frequency have returned to their nominal values when the reconnect time has expired, the XW Inverter/Charger begins selling power again.

The Fault light on the XW Inverter/Charger information panel indicates that a utility fault has occurred. No fault code appears on the three-character display because the fault is with the utility grid, not the XW Inverter/Charger.

The XW System Control Panel indicates a utility fault with the Fault light and a fault message on its screen (faults F23 to F40 are utility faults—see Table 4-5 on page 4–18). The fault cannot be manually cleared. Utility faults clear automatically when the utility grid voltage and frequency return to their nominal values.

1.See “Electrical Specifications” on page A–2.

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Introduction

Monitoring the Inverter

You can monitor XW Inverter/Charger operation using either the factory-installed Inverter Information Panel or the optional XW System Control Panel. You can configure the inverter only with the System Control Panel.

Inverter Information Panel

The Information Panel features:

•Buttons for XW Inverter/Charger on and off control, clearing faults and warnings, and battery equalization

•Three-character display to indicate power output, charge current or troubleshooting information

•Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to indicate inverter input status, inverter output status, battery condition, and system warnings or faults.

Grid (AC1)
	kW	Inverting
Gen (AC2)		flashing = sell
	A
Fault /		Charging
Warning
		Hybrid Inverter/Charger
Equalize	Battery

Figure 1-1 Inverter Information Panel

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Monitoring the Inverter

XW System Control Panel

The XW System Control Panel is required for configuring the XW Inverter/

Charger and other Xanbus-enabled system components.

The System Control Panel features:

•Liquid crystal display that provides graphics and text describing operation and status information in real time

•LED fault and warning indicator

•Internal clock to control time-dependent XW Inverter/Charger settings

•Buttons to select configuration menus, customize inverter/charger settings, and clear faults and warnings.

Fault/Warning	Standby

System Control Panel II

Figure 1-2 XW System Control Panel

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2 Monitoring Operation

Chapter 2, “Monitoring Operation”, contains information about monitoring XW Inverter/Charger operation using the Inverter Information Panel or the XW System Control Panel.

The topics in this chapter include:

•“Monitoring Operation with the Inverter Information Panel” on page 2–2

•“Monitoring Operation with the XW System Control Panel” on page 2–7

Monitoring Operation

Monitoring Operation with the Inverter Information Panel

The Inverter Information Panel displays basic information that enables you to monitor a single XW Inverter/Charger. The Inverter Information Panel also allows you to turn the XW Inverter/Charger on and off and start battery equalization. LEDs on the Information Panel indicate AC input status, inverter status, battery condition, and charging and equalization status. The LEDs and three-character display screen also alert you to XW Inverter/Charger warning and fault conditions.

Grid (AC1)

	8.88	A	Inverting
		kW
Gen (AC2)			flashing = sell
Fault /			Charging
Warning
Equalize	Battery

Figure 2-1 Inverter Information Panel

Monitoring AC Input Status

Grid (AC1) The green Grid (AC1) LED indicates the presence and status of AC source connected to the AC1 input. In most installations, AC1 input is from the utility grid. However, any AC source can be connected to the AC1 input.

Symbol	LED On	LED Flashing	LED Off
	AC input is present and qualified.	AC input is	The XW
	The XW Inverter/Charger is ready to	present, within	Inverter/Charger
	charge batteries, sell power to the	nominal range	is not connected
	grid, or pass AC through to the loads.	and is being	to the grid. AC
		qualified.	input is not
			present, or AC
			input is present
			but not within
			nominal range.

Gen (AC2) The green Gen (AC2) LED indicates the presence and status of a generator or other auxiliary AC source on the AC2 input.

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Monitoring Operation with the Inverter Information Panel

Symbol	LED On	LED Flashing	LED Off
	The AC source is present and AC	AC input is	AC input is not
	input is qualified. The XW Inverter/	present, within	present, or AC
	Charger is ready to charge batteries	nominal range	input is present
	and pass power through to the	and is being	but not within
	loads.	qualified.	nominal range.

When one AC input LED is on and the other AC input LED is flashing, AC input is present on both AC1 and AC2. However, the XW Inverter/Charger can qualify and receive AC input from only one source at a time. The qualified source is represented by the LED that is on. When two sources of AC input are present, the XW Inverter/Charger uses the source selected under AC Priority on the System Control Panel AC Settings menu. The AC sources connected to AC1 and AC2 can be the utility grid and a generator, or two generators.

Monitoring Inverter Status

The green kW LED indicates the XW Inverter/Charger is inverting DC input to AC output. When this LED is on or flashing, the display screen shows inverter output power in kilowatts.

Symbol

LED On

LED Flashing

LED Off

The XW Inverter/

The XW Inverter/

The XW Inverter/

Charger is inverting,

Charger is selling

Charger is not

and producing power

power to the grid.

inverting.

for connected loads.

Monitoring Charger Status

The green A LED indicates the XW Inverter/Charger is charging the battery bank. When this LED is on, the display screen shows battery charging current in amps.

Note: When a charge cycle ends or charging is manually disabled, the XW Inverter/ Charger does not leave charge mode immediately, and the charging LED remains on for 60 seconds.

Symbol	LED On	LED Off
	The XW Inverter/	The XW Inverter/
	Charger is charging	Charger is not
	the batteries.	charging.

Monitoring Faults and Warnings

The red Fault/Warning LED indicates the presence of a fault or warning in the system. To clear active faults, press the On/Off button momentarily.

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Monitoring Operation

Symbol	LED On	LED Flashing
	The XW Inverter/Charger has a fault	The XW Inverter/Charger has a
	and has stopped charging or inverting.	warning. Warnings may escalate to
	The LED also turns on steadily if the	a fault if the warning condition
	unit has both a fault and a warning.	does not go away.

Equalizing Batteries

Button Pressing the Equalize button (indicated by the symbol) for five seconds turns battery equalization on and off. After this button is pressed, the XW Inverter/ Charger begins the equalization charge after the next charge cycle is complete. Equalization functions only if AC is present and qualified and the charger is enabled. Otherwise the inverter/charger generates a “cannot equalize” fault (W96).

CAUTION: Battery damage

Equalization may damage your battery. Consult your battery supplier for details on equalize charging for the battery type in your system.

Important: In a system where more than one device is capable of equalizing batteries (such as a system including multiple XW Inverter/Chargers and Solar Charge Controllers), there is no system-wide equalization command for all devices. To equalize with multiple devices, each would have to be enabled individually. Alternatively, equalization can be performed using only one device. During the equalization process, one device applies the equalization charge while the other devices continue to operate in synchronized charge mode, typically in float (three-stage charging) or no-float (two-stage charging).

For more information, see “Equalize Charging the Batteries” on page 3–13

LED The yellow Equalize LED indicates that the XW Inverter/Charger is equalizing batteries.

Symbol	LED On	LED Flashing
	The XW Inverter/Charger has	Equalization has been enabled but has
	begun equalizing the batteries.	not begun. The XW Inverter/Charger
		must complete a charge cycle before
		applying the equalization charge.

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	Monitoring Operation with the Inverter Information Panel
Turning the XW Inverter/Charger On and Off
On/Off control	When the XW Inverter/Charger is operating, pressing and holding the On/Off
	button ( ) for five seconds turns the unit off. Pressing the On/Off button
	momentarily returns the unit to its previous operating state.
	When the XW Inverter/Charger is being turned off, the other Inverter Information
	Panel buttons stop working. The shutdown process cannot be cancelled. The XW
	Inverter/Charger can only be turned back on once the display is blank.
Standby mode	In Standby mode, the XW Inverter/Charger stops charging, inverting, and passing
	through AC input. However, the unit remains powered up and present on the
	Xanbus network.
	To put the XW Inverter/Charger into Standby mode, press and hold the On/Off
	button and the Equalize button simultaneously for about five seconds. The display
	shows “Stb.” To return the XW Inverter/Charger to operating mode, press the On/
	Off button momentarily.
	Pressing the On/Off button momentarily while the XW Inverter/Charger is
	operating clears active faults and warnings.
Single-unit	In a single-unit installation, when the XW Inverter/Charger is turned off using the
installations	On/Off button, Xanbus network power is lost. When Xanbus network power is
	lost, network-connected accessories such as the Automatic Generator Start (XW-
	AGS) and XW System Control Panel lose power and stop operating. XW Charge
	Controllers continue to operate and communicate between each other if Xanbus
	network power is removed.
Multiple-unit	If the On/Off power button is pressed and held on a master XW Inverter/Charger
installations	(see “Inverter Mode” on the “Multi-Unit Config Menu” on page 3–23) and an
	XW-AGS is installed in the system, the unit stops inverting/charging immediately
	and turns off completely in 120 seconds. During this time, the display shows
	“OFF.” This interval allows the XW-AGS to stop the generator after a “cool

down” period. During the 120-second shutdown time all network communication is blocked and the unit sends a shutdown command to all other devices in the system. As well, the Inverter Information Panel buttons stop working and the shutdown process cannot be cancelled. The XW Inverter/Charger can only be turned back on once the display is blank.

In a multiple-unit installation, when a Slave XW Inverter/Charger is turned off, other XW Inverter/Chargers continue to supply Xanbus network power and the XW-AGS and XW System Control Panel continue operating.

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Monitoring Operation

Monitoring Battery Level

The row of five LEDs indicates the approximate capacity of the batteries connected to the system. The capacity reading is based on current-compensated battery voltage.

There are four battery states: empty, low, medium, and full. When the battery capacity is empty, no LEDs are lit. The battery is considered empty when its depth of discharge exceeds approximately 50%. When the battery capacity is low, the leftmost two LEDs are lit. When the battery is at medium capacity, the leftmost four LEDs are lit. When the battery capacity is full, all five LEDs are lit.

Discharged

Charged

Battery

Figure 2-2 Battery Level LEDs

Reading the Display Screen

The three-character display screen shows the following information about the operational state of the XW Inverter/Charger:

•Output power in kilowatts when the XW Inverter/Charger is inverting. and the kW LED is lit.

•Battery charger current when the XW Inverter/Charger is charging and the A LED is lit.

•“Stb” when the XW Inverter/Charger is in Standby mode.

•“Sch” when the XW Inverter/Charger is in Search mode. See “Using Search Mode” on page 3–8.

•“OFF” when the on/off button is pressed and held for five seconds. “OFF” is displayed briefly before the unit turns off.

•“– – –” briefly when the XW Inverter/Charger is in transition between modes, for example, qualifying AC input. The display also shows “– – –” when the XW Inverter/Charger has been manually disconnected from renewable energy power sources and is operating in bypass mode.

•“En” momentarily when the inverter is enabled.

•“dIS” momentarily when the inverter is disabled.

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Monitoring Operation with the XW System Control Panel

Monitoring Operation with the XW System Control Panel

The XW System Control Panel provides remote configuration and monitoring capability for the XW Inverter/Charger and other Xanbus-enabled devices in the power system.

You can monitor XW Inverter/Charger operation on the XW System Control Panel using the:

•System Status screen (see page 2–11)

•XW Inverter/Charger Home screen (see page 2–11)

•XW Inverter/Charger Meters Menu (see page 2–14).

XW System Control Panel Features

7

Fault/Warning	Standby

1

6

System Control Panel II

2 3 4 5

Feature Description

1Fault/Warning light indicates a device has a fault or warning condition and requires attention. The light flashes when a warning occurs, and turns on steadily when a fault occurs.

2Enter button confirms selection of a menu item or displays the next screen.

3Up arrow button scrolls upwards through screen text or increases a selected value.

4Down arrow button scrolls downwards through screen text or decreases a selected value.

5	Exit button cancels selection of a menu item or displays the previous screen.
6	Screen shows menus, settings, and system information.

7Standby button disables inverting and charging on all XW Inverter/Chargers in the system when pressed for one to two seconds. To enable inverting and charging, press the Standby button again.

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Monitoring Operation

Using the Standby Button

The Standby button has two functions, depending on how it is pressed. The Standby button can disable inverting and charging for all XW Inverter/Chargers in the system, or, when pressed simultaneously with the Exit button, put the entire system into Standby mode.

Pressing the Standby button produces the same result as disabling “Invert” and “AC Charge” from the System Settings menu on the XW System Control Panel. Pressing the Standby button momentarily affects only XW Inverter/Chargers; it does not affect Charge Controller operation. After disabling inverting and charging with the Standby button, the system continues to pass AC input through to the loads, and “– – –” is displayed on the Inverter Information Panel.

Pressing the Exit and Standby buttons at the same time puts the entire XW power system (including Charge Controllers) into Standby mode. In Standby mode, the XW Inverter/Chargers stop passing AC input through to the loads, and “Stb” is displayed on Inverter Information Panel.

After the keypress command to enter Standby mode, the XW-AGS (if installed) shuts down the generator (if it is running) after a cool-down cycle.

System Control Panel Navigation

This section describes the different types of screens and menus on the System Control Panel. To monitor XW Inverter/Charger operation, it is helpful to know how to locate these screens and menus.

Viewing the System Control Panel Home Screens

The top level screens on the System Control Panel are the Startup screen, the System Status screen and the Device Home screens. After power is applied and the Startup screen appears, the System Control Panel displays the System Status screen. The Device Home screens for the XW Inverter/Charger and other devices in the system can be viewed by pressing the up and down arrows, as shown in Figure 2-3.

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