Related software tools are available in the folder software tools under
technical support on the Westermo website.
Legal information
The contents of this document are provided “as is”. Except as required by applicable
law, no warranties of any kind, either express or implied, including, but not limited to,
the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, are made
in relation to the accuracy and reliability or contents of this document. Westermo
reserves the right to revise this document or withdraw it at any time without prior
notice.
Under no circumstances shall Westermo be responsible for any loss of data or income
or any special, incidental, and consequential or indirect damages howsoever caused.
More information about Westermo can be found at the following Internet address:
http://www.westermo.com
2
6621-2214
Safety
WARNING:
To reduce the risk of fire, use only No. 26 AWG or larger telecommunication line cord.
For more information see General safety, art. no.100-5001.
Maintenance
No maintenance is required, as long as the unit is used as intended within the specified
conditions.
6621-2214
3
ATEX Information (Applicable for DDW-120 EX only)
General
This unit is intended for use in Zone 2 hazardous location only.
Marking
II 3 G
Ex nA IIC T4 Gc
SPECIAL CONDITION
WARNING – DO NOT SEPARATE WHEN ENERGIZED
Indicate that this unit complies with relevant European standards that are
harmonised with the 94/9/EC Directive (ATEX).
II
3
G
ExIndicates that this unit is in conformity with relevant European Ex standard(s).
nA
IICGas group, a typical gas i hydrogen.
T4
Gc
SPECIAL
CONDITION
Equipment group II.
This unit can be installed in all places with an explosive gas atmosphere other
than mines susceptible to firedamp
Equipment category 3.
A category is the classification according to the required level of protection.
This unit ensures the requisite level of protection during normal operation and
is intended for use in areas in which explosive atmosphere caused by gases,
vapours, mists, or dust mixtures are unlikely to occure or, if they do occure, are
likely to do so only infrequently and for a short periode only.
Indicates protection concerning explosive atmospheres caused by gases,
vapours or mists (G).
Type of protection used.
This unit is a non-sparking device "nA" which is constructed to minimize the
risk of occurence of arcs or sparks capable of creating an ignition hazard during
conditions of normal operation.
Temperature class T4 (T4 = 135°C).
This unit is classified in accordance with its maximum surface temperature
(external and internal).
Equipment protection level Gc (EPL Gc).
Equipment for explosive gas atmospheres, having a "enhanced" level of protection, which is not a source of ignition in normal operation and which may have
some additional protection to ensure that it remains inactive as an ignition
source in the case of regular expected occurences. EPL Gc are analogous to the
ATEX Categories (Category 3 G = EPL Gc).
This unit has a special condition of use.
The special condition for safe use contains safety related information that is
necesarry for the correct installation and safe use.
4
6621-2214
Safety Control Drawing and ratings
Power (12 – 48) VDC; 240 mA
Ambient temperature –40ºC to +70ºC
Maximum surface temperatur135ºC (temperature class T4)
Galvanically isolated via signal transformers and
capacitively isolated to signal ground through a
250 V 3300 pF capacitor.
See user manual for proven transient protection.
Position
12
Direction*/
descripton
1In/Out / SHDSL
Input/Output values
U = peak to peak: 15 V
I = ± 25 mA
1234
2In/Out / SHDSL
Galvanically isolated via signal transformer and capacitively
isolated to signal ground through a 1,5kV 220pF capacitor.
See user manual for proven transient protection.
Position
See section Type tests and environmental conditions in this
user manual for proven transient protection.
Direction*/
descripton
1In / Common
2In / +Voltage A
3In / +Voltage B
4In / Common
Input values
Uin = (10 – 60) VDC
Iin = 295 mA @ 10 VDC
PIn = Max 3 W
Data rate up to
15,3 Mbit/s
1
2
3
4
6621-2214
5
SPECIAL CONDITION FOR SAFE USE
Ambient temperature:
This unit is designed for use in extreme ambient temperature conditions as follows:
–40 ºC ≤ Ta ≤ +70 ºC
Installation in an apparatus cabinet:
This unit requires installation in an Ex certified apparatus cabinet suitable for the area of use and
providing a degree of protection of at least IP54.
Resistance to impact:
This unit requires installation in an apparatus cabinet where adequate resistance to impact is
provided by the apparatus cabinet. See "Installation in an apparatus cabinet" above for requirements
on the external apparatus cabinet.
Resistance to light:
This unit requires installation in an apparatus cabinet where it is protected from light
(for example daylight or light from luminaires).
See "Installation in an apparatus cabinet" above for requirements on the external apparatus cabinet.
Secureness of plugs:
When this unit is installed in an explosive atmospheres, all connectors must be mechanically secured
to prevent loosening.
Conductor temperature:
When this unit is installed in locations with high ambient temperature, special precautions shall be
taken upon the choice of external conductors and the temperature rating of the conductor(s).
Directive 94/9/EC alongside with other directives:
Directive 2004/108/EC (EMC) applies and to assure a safe performance of this unit under the scope
of Directive 94/9/EC, refer to the electromagnetic immunity level specified under "Type tests and
environmental conditions" in this manual.
Standards and date of compliance
EN 60079-0 and EN 60079-15
2010-11-05
Class 1, Division 2 Information (DDW-120 EX only)
Special Conditions of Use:
This unit shall be installed in compliance with the enclosure, mounting, spacing and segregation
requirements of the ultimate application, including a tool removable cover.
• Installations shall comply with the relevant requirements of the National Electrical Code®
(ANSI/NFPA 70) and the Canadian Electrical Code® (CEC, CAN/CSA-C22.1).
• Installations shall comply with the latest edition of the manufacturer’s instruction manual.
• Tampering and replacement with non-factory components may adversely affect the safe use
of the system.
• Insertion or withdrawal of removable electrical connectors or modules is to be accomplished
only when the area is known to be free of flammable vapors.
WARNING:
• SUBSTITUTION OF COMPONENTS MAY IMPAIR SUITABILITY FOR DIVISION 2
• DO NOT OPEN WHEN ENERGIZED
• DO NOT DISCONNECT EQUIPMENT UNLESS AREA IS KNOWN TO BE NONHAZARDOUS
AVERTISSEMENT
• RISQUE D'EXPLOSION. NE PAS DÉBRANCHER TANT QUE LE CIRCUIT EST SOUS TENSION,
À MOINS QU'IL NE S'AGISSE D'UN EMPLACEMENT NON DANGEREUX
6
6621-2214
Agency approvals and standards compliance
Type
EMC
SafetyW-mo
SHDSLNEMKOITU-T G.991.2, G.SHDSL and G.SHDSL.bis standard
Ex**
EnvironmentalTektronix*
* Applicable for DDW-120 only
** Applicable for DDW-120 Ex only
FCC Part 15.105 Notice: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the
W-moEN 50121-4, Railway signalling and telecommunications apparatus
FM Approvals Class I, Division 2
W-moEN 60079-0 and EN 60079-15
Approval / Compliance
UL/CSA/IEC/EN 60950-1, IT equipment*
EN 60950-1, IT equipment**
NEMA TS 2-2003 version 02.06
Traffic Controller Assemblies with NTCIP Requirements
limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the
FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
This equip ment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not
occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause
harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can
be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is
encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of
the following measures:
… Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
… Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
… Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different
from that to which the receiver is connected
… Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician
for help.
6621-2214
7
Org.nr/
Declaration of Conformity, DDW-120
Westermo Teleindustri AB
Declaration of conformity
The manufacturer Westermo Teleindustri AB
Herewith declares that the product(s)
Type of product Model Art no From serial no.
DIN-rail Wolverine DDW-120 3621-0110 1000
is in conformity with the following EC directive(s).
No Short name
2004/108/EC Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
References of standards applied for this EC declaration of conformity.
No Title Issue
EN 61000-6-1 Immunity for residential, commercial and light-
EN 61000-6-2 Immunity for industrial environments 2005
EN 61000-6-3 Emission standard for residential, commercial and
EN 61000-6-4 Emission standard for industrial environments 2007
EN 55022
EN 55022 A1
EN 50121-4 Railway applications – Electromagnetic compatibility
EN 55024
EN 55024 A1
EN 55024 A2
The last two digits of the year in which the CE marking was affixed: 10
SE-640 40 Stora Sundby, Sweden
industrial environments
light-industrial environments
Information technology equipment. Radio disturbance
characteristics. Limits and methods of measurement.
– Emission and Immunity of the signalling and
telecommunications apparatus
Information technology equipment – Immunity
References of standards applied for this EC declaration of conformity.
No Title Issue
EN 61000-6-1 Electromagnetic compatibility – Immunity for residential environments 2007
EN 61000-6-2 Electromagnetic compatibility – Immunity for industrial environments 2005
EN 61000-6-3 Electromagnetic compatibility – Emission for residential environments 2007
EN 61000-6-4 Electromagnetic compatibility – Emission for industrial environments 2007
EN 55022 Information technology equipment – Radio disturbance characteristics –
EN 50121-4 Railway applications – Electromagnetic compatibility – Emission and
EN 55024 Information technology equipment – Immunity characteristics
EN 60079-0
EN 60079-15
Limits and methods of measurement
immunity of the signalling and telecommunications apparatus
Limits and methods of measurement
Explosive atmospheres
Equipment – General requirements
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres –
Construction, test and marking of type of protection “n” electrical
apparatus
The last two digits of the year in which the CE marking was affixed: 10
RF field AM modulated IEC 61000-4-3Enclosure10 V/m 80% AM (1 kHz), 80 – 1 000 MHz
RF field 900 MHzENV 50204Enclosure20 V/m pulse modulated 200 Hz, 900 ± 5 MHz
Fast transientEN 61000-4-4Signal ports± 2 kV
SurgeEN 61000-4-5Signal ports unbalanced ± 2 kV line to earth, ± 2 kV line to line
RF conductedEN 61000-4-6Signal ports10 V 80% AM (1 kHz), 0.15 – 80 MHz
Power frequency
magnetic field
Pulse magnetic fieldEN 61000-4-9Enclosure300 A/m, 6.4 / 16 μs pulse
Voltage dips and
interruption
Mains freq. 50 HzEN 61000-4-16Signal ports100 V 50 Hz line to earth
Mains freq. 50 HzSS 436 15 03Signal ports250 V 50 Hz line to earth
Voltage dips and inter-
ruption
Radiated emission EN 55022EnclosureClass B
Conducted emissionEN 55022AC power portsClass B
Dielectric strengthEN 60950Signal port to other
TemperatureOperating–40 to +70ºC
HumidityOperating5 to 95% relative humidity
AltitudeOperating2 000 m / 70 kPa
Reliability prediction
(MTBF)
Service lifeOperating10 year
VibrationIEC 60068-2-6Operating7.5 mm, 5 – 8 Hz
ShockIEC 60068-2-27Operating15 g, 11 ms
Enclosure, DDW-120UL 94PC / ABSFlammability class V-1
Enclosure, DDW-120 ExCabelec 6141
Dimension W x H x D35 x 121 x 119 mm
Weight0.2 kg
Degree of protectionIEC 529EnclosureIP 21
CoolingConvection
MountingHorizontal on 35 mm DIN-rail
EN 61000-4-8Enclosure100 A/m, 50 Hz, 16.7 Hz & 0 Hz
EN 61000-4-11AC power ports10 & 5 000 ms, interruption
EN 61000-4-29DC power ports10 & 100 ms, interruption
FCC part 15Class B
FCC part 15AC power portsClass B
EN 55022DC power portsClass B
MIL-HDBK- 217F Operating1 180 000 hours
Enclosure air± 8 kV
20 V/m 80% AM (1 kHz), 80 – 2 000 MHz
Power ports± 2 kV
Signal ports balanced± 2 kV line to earth, ± 1 kV line to line
Power ports± 2 kV line to earth, ± 2 kV line to line
3 kVrms 50 Hz 1 min
2 kVrms 50 Hz 1 min (@ rated power <60 V)
135°C (temperature class T4)
2 g, 8 – 500 Hz
10
6621-2214
Description
Functional description
The DDW-120 Ethernet Extender is the ideal solution for extending your Ethernet
network over copper cables where in the past the only option would have been fibre.
At shorter range the transfer rate will be as fast as 15.3 Mbit/s in both directions.
Depending on the quality of the cables distances up to 15 km are possible.
DDW-120 is transparent for multicast addressing, VLAN packets, VPN pass-through for
IPSec and for protocols like MODBUS/tcp and Profinet. The Link Fault Forward (LFF)
functionality in DDW-120 forwards information about the Ethernet link status, this is
sent over the SHDSL link between two DDW-120 units. In many applications it is a
requirement to disconnect the link on the other side of the SHDSL link if the primary
Ethernet link goes down.
The units will auto negotiate the transmission speed but can also be forced to choose a
slower (more reliable) or faster (less reliable) data rate.
Communication speed and distance depends on the cable characteristics, communication
reach with different cables can be calculated with DDW-tool
DDW-120 can be used in point-to-point applications or as start and termination unit
together with DDW-22x in a daisy-chain application.
Description of used nomenclature:
Noise margin:
The margin between signal and noise (dB)
CO/CPE:
CO (Central Office) answering central unit, the CO configures the CPE when establishing a connection. CPE (Customer Premises Equipment) is the unit that initiates the connection.
6621-2214
11
Getting started
The DDW-120 is easy to use and install, the units work in pairs, one as has to be configured as CO (Central Office) and one as CPE (Customer Premises Equipment). This configuration is made with DIP-switches situated under the lid of the DDW-120.
Connect the SHDSL Line
1) Connect the twisted pair to DSL screw terminal 1 and 2 (polarity independent)
situated at the base of the DDW-120.
Connect the Ethernet Line
Connect Ethernet to the TX port on the front of the DDW-120.
The factory settings for the DDW-120 is plug and play mode where TX port
is enabled for:
… Ethernet Auto-negotiation enabled.
… Auto MDI/MDI-X.
… Auto-polarity enabled.
The DDW-120 will automatically sense the data rate of the connected unit and cable
type.
Settings in the units
The units operate in pairs, one as CO (Central Office) and one as CPE
(Customer Premises Equipment). Factory setting in the DDW-120 is as CPE.
Note! Before connection and installation one of the connecting units have to be
reconfigured as a CO, see DIP-switch S1:4.
Depending on the quality of the line and the distance there is possibility to select autobaud function.
This is done via DIP switches in the unit configured as CO.
Factory default is autobaud, reliable mode.
Note!
If the DSL link is not established, the speed might be set to high for the distance.
12
6621-2214
Diagnostic information
The DDW-120 can display diagnostic information on two way:
1) Using the Westermo diagnostic tool DDWtool.exe.
2) Using a terminal program.
1211-2027
Using DDW-tool
1) Connect the standard cable 1211-2027 to the diagnostic port, located under the lid of
DDW-120.
2) Choose the corresponding Com port in the drop list of the tool. The tool will try to
find the port used by the debug cable.
3) Click the button connect, if the correct com port is selected DDW-tool will be
updated with actual status online information.
Information from diagnostic tool
• Software release
• Serial number
• DIP switch settings
• If the unit is configured as CO or CPE
• Ethernet link status
• Ethernet data rate
• Ethernet duplex
• System uptime
• DSL uptime
• DSL negotiations
• LFF status
• DSL link state
• DSL data rate
• DSL noise margin (information is sampled and continually displayed)
6621-2214
13
Using a terminal program
If a customer supervision system is used the DDW-120 can provide with diagnostic
status.
The DDW-120 support
Data rate: 115.2 kbit/s
Data bits: 8
Stop bits: 1
Parity: None
Flow control: None
The unit is responing to two commandon
1) DIAG
2) RUNDIAG
Information from DIAG command
• Software release
• DIP switch settings
• If the unit is configured as CO or CPE
• If the unit is configured for Annex A or Annex B
• DSL link state
• DSL data rate (bit/s)
• DSL noise margin (dB)
• Ethetnet data rate
• Ethernet duplex
Information from RUNDIAG command
• DSL link state
• DSL Data rate (bit/s)
• DSL Noise margin (dB)
The DDW-120 is ready for commando then prompt “DDW” is transmitted to
supervisor system.
The commando RUNDIAG will continuously send the information. Approx update with
1s base. Commando is aborted by sending “any key to abort”.
14
6621-2214
Interface specifications
Power
Rated voltage12 to 48 VDC
Operating voltage10 to 60 VDC
Rated current 240 mA @ 12 VDC
Rated frequencyDC
Inrush current, I2t0.23 A2s
Startup current* 0.65 A
PolarityReverse polarity protected
Redundant power inputYe s
Isolation toAll other
ConnectionDetachable screw terminal
Connector size0.2 – 2.5 mm2 (AWG 24 – 12)
Shielded cableNot required
* If external power supply is used it must meet specified start up current
Service port
Electrical specificationTTL-level
Data rate115.2 kbit/s
Data format8 data bits, none parity, 1 stop bits, no flow control
Circuit type SELV
Transmission range15 m
Isolation to All other
Galvanic connection toNone
Connection2.5 mm jack, use Westermo cable 1211-2027
110 mA @ 24 VDC
60 mA @ 48 VDC
peak
6621-2214
15
DSL
Electrical specificationIEEE G.991.2 Annex B
Data rate192 kbit/s to 15304 kbit/s
ProtocolEFM according to IEEE 802.3-2004
Transmission rangeAccording to ITU-T G.991.2 depending on the line quality
ProtectionOvercurrent / overvoltage protection circuit and varistor
Isolation toAll other
ConnectionDetachable screw terminal
Connector size 0.2 – 2.5 mm2 (AWG 24 - 12)
Shielded cableNot required
Shielded cable Not required, except when installed in Railway applications as
Conductive housingIsolated to all other circuits
Miscellaneous If Auto-Neg. is disabled then this interface will be set MDI
Number of ports1
signalling and telecommunications apparatus and located close
to rails*
* To minimise the risk of interference, a shielded cable is recommended when the cable is located
inside 3 m boundary to the rails and connected to this port.
The cable shield should be properly connected (360°) to an earthing point within 1 m from this
port. This earthing point should have a low impedance connection to the conductive enclosure
of the apparatus cabinet, or similar, where the unit is built-in. This conductive enclosure should
be connected to the earthing system of an installation and may be directly connected to the
protective earth.
* Direction relative this unit
** To minimise the risk of interference, a shielded cable is recommended when the cable is located inside 3 m
boundary to the rails and connected to this port. The cable shield should be properly connected (360°) to an
earthing point within 1 m from this port. This earthing point should have a low impedance connection to the conductive enclosure of the apparatus cabinet, or similar, where the unit is built-in. This conductive enclosure should
be connected to the earthing system of an installation and may be directly connected to the protective earth.
6621-2214
17
LED indicators
LEDStatusDescription
PWR
(green)
LFF
(green)
ERR
(red)
DSLOFFNo DSL link
LINKOFFNo Ethernet link
SPDOFFEthernet speed, 10 Mbit/s
DPXOFFEthernet duplex, half
OFFNo internal power
ONInternal power ok / boot ok
OFFLFF disabled
ONLFF enabled
OFFLFF not active
ONLFF active, link fault on this unit
FlashLFF active, link fault on opposite unit
ONDSL link established
FlashDSL link negotiating
ONEthernet link established
FlashEthernet traffic indication
ONEthernet speed, 100 Mbit/s
ONEthernet duplex, full
18
6621-2214
DIP-switch settings
S2S1
Before DIP-switch settings:
!
Prevent damage to internal electronics from electrostatic discharges (ESD)
by discharging your body to a grounding point (e.g. use of wrist strap).
NOTE DIP-switch alterations are only effective after a power on.
S1: 6, 7 and 8 not used
* Autobaud is recommended. When using manual locked speed user must make sure a correct noise margin
is achieved. Westermo recommends at least 3 dB noise margin for reliable operation.
** Negotiation of speed may take up to 3 minutes to complete.
6621-2214
19
S2 DIP-switch
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Ethernet auto-negotiation disabled
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
DSL-speed 2048kbit/s*
DSL-speed 9272kbit/s**
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Ethernet auto-negotiation enabled
Ethernet speed 10 Mbit/s
(if auto-neg. disabled)
Ethernet speed 100 Mbit/s
(if auto-neg. disabled)
Ethernet half duplex
(if auto-neg. disabled)
Ethernet full duplex
(if auto-neg. disabled)
DSL-speed 192 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 6200 kbit/s**
DSL-speed 384 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 6712 kbit/s**
DSL-speed 512 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 7224 kbit/s**
DSL-speed 768 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 7736 kbit/s**
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
DSL-speed 2304kbit/s*
DSL-speed 9784kbit/s**
DSL-speed 2688kbit/s*
DSL-speed 10296kbit/s**
DSL-speed, 3072 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 10808kbit/s**
DSL-speed, 3456 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 11320kbit/s**
DSL-speed, 3840 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 11832kbit/s**
DSL-speed, 4224 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 12344kbit/s**
DSL-speed, 4608 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 13112kbit/s**
DSL-speed, 4992 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 13880kbit/s**
DSL-speed, 5376 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 14648kbit/s**
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
DSL-speed 1024 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 8248 kbit/s**
DSL-speed 1280 kbit/s*
DSL-speed 8760 kbit/s**
* Standard speed S1:1 OFF
** Turbo speed S1:1 ON
Factory settings
ON
S1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
20
ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ON
S2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
DSL-speed 5696kbit/s*
DSL-speed 15304kbit/s**
6621-2214
Mounting
CLICK!
This unit should be mounted on 35 mm DIN-rail, which is
horizontally mounted inside an apparatus cabinet, or similar.
Snap on mounting, see figure.
Cooling
This unit uses convection cooling. To avoid obstructing the airflow around the unit, use the following spacing rules. Minimum
spacing 25 mm (1.0 inch) above /below and 10 mm (0.4 inches)
left /right the unit. Spacing is recommended for the use of unit
in full operating temperature range and service life.
10 mm *
(0.4 inches)
25 mm
* Spacing (left/right) recommended for
full operating temperature range
Removal
Press down the black support at the top of the unit. See figure.
6621-2214
25 mm
21
Westermo • SE-640 40 Stora Sundby, Sweden
Tel +46 16 42 80 00 Fax +46 16 42 80 01
Sales Units
Westermo Data Communications
E-mail: info@westermo.com
www.westermo.com
China
sales.cn@westermo.com
www.cn.westermo.com
France
infos@westermo.fr
www.westermo.fr
Germany
info@westermo.de
www.westermo.de
For complete contact information, please visit our website at www.westermo.com/contact or scan the QR code
REV.F 6621-2214 2015-02 Westermo Teleindustri AB, Sweden – A Beijer Electronics Group Company
North America
info@westermo.com
www.westermo.com
Singapore
sales@westermo.com.sg
www.westermo.com
Sweden
info.sverige@westermo.se
www.westermo.se
United Kingdom
sales@westermo.co.uk
www.westermo.co.uk
Other Offices
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