WD WD15NPVX, WD20NPVX Technical Reference Manual

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WD Green™MB500M-6Gb

SATA 6 Gb/s Hard Drives

Technical Reference Manual

WD20NPVX

WD15NPVX

WD CONFIDENTIAL

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Information furnished by WD is believed to be accurate and reliable. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of WD. WD reserves the right to change specifications at any time without notice.

Western Digital, WD, and the WD logo are registered trademarks in the U.S. and other countries; and WD Green, Data Lifeguard, CacheFlow, and FIT Lab are trademarks of Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Other marks may be mentioned herein that belong to other companies.

Western Digital 3355 Michelson Drive, Suite 100 Irvine, California 92612 U.S.A.

2679-771422-A00

Document Control Number Definition:

2679-771xxx- Axx-Px NRD

Doc Control No. Doc Revision Level Non-Released Document

Axx = Released Version Px = Review Cycle

WD CONFIDENTIAL

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb

Technical Reference Manual

2679-771422-A00 RELEASED 5/2/13 (WD CONFIDENTIAL)

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RELEASED 5/2/13 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-771422-A00

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. DESCRIPTION AND FEATURES ................................................................................................. 1

1.1 General Description....................................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Product Features ............................................................................................................................................................................ 1

2. SPECIFICATIONS....................................................................................................................... 3

2.1 Performance Specifications ......................................................................................................................................................... 3

2.2 Physical Specifications.................................................................................................................................................................. 4

2.2.1 Physical Dimensions ...................................................................................................................................................... 5

2.3 Mechanical Specifications............................................................................................................................................................ 6

2.4 Electrical Specifications................................................................................................................................................................ 7

2.4.1 Current Requirements and Power Dissipation ........................................................................................................ 7

2.4.2 Input Voltage Requirements......................................................................................................................................... 7

2.4.3 Ripple................................................................................................................................................................................. 7

2.4.4 Power Connectors and Cables................................................................................................................................... 7

2.4.5 ESD.................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

2.5 Environmental Specifications....................................................................................................................................................... 8

2.5.1 Shock and Vibration ....................................................................................................................................................... 8

2.5.2 Temperature and Humidity ........................................................................................................................................... 9

2.5.3 Thermocouple Location................................................................................................................................................. 9

2.5.4 Cooling............................................................................................................................................................................ 10

2.5.5 Atmospheric Pressure .................................................................................................................................................10

2.5.6 Acoustics ........................................................................................................................................................................10

2.5.7 RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) ......................................................................................................10

2.6 Reliability Specifications .............................................................................................................................................................10

2.7 Agency Approvals.........................................................................................................................................................................11

2.8 Full Model Number Specification.............................................................................................................................................. 11

3. PRODUCT FEATURES.............................................................................................................. 12

3.1 SATA 6 Gb/s................................................................................................................................................................................. 13

3.2 Advanced Format (AF) ................................................................................................................................................................13

3.3 Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB)..................................................................................................................................................13

3.4 IntelliPower.....................................................................................................................................................................................13

3.5 Reduced Power Spinup (RPS) ................................................................................................................................................. 13

3.6 Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR).............................................................................................................................14

3.7 System-on-Chip (SOC)..............................................................................................................................................................14

3.8 S.M.A.R.T. Command Transport (SCT)...................................................................................................................................14

3.8.1 Write Same ....................................................................................................................................................................14

3.8.2 Read/Write Long ..........................................................................................................................................................15

3.8.3 Temperature Reporting................................................................................................................................................15

3.9 Reliability Features Set................................................................................................................................................................15

3.9.1 Data Lifeguard™ ............................................................................................................................................................15

3.9.2 Thermal Management ..................................................................................................................................................16

3.9.3 Internal Environmental Protection System ..............................................................................................................16

3.9.4 Recoverable Errors.......................................................................................................................................................16

3.9.5 Unrecoverable Errors ...................................................................................................................................................16

3.9.6 Self Test .......................................................................................................................................................................... 16

3.9.7 ATA Error Logging........................................................................................................................................................16

3.9.8 Defect Management.....................................................................................................................................................17

3.9.9 Automatic Defect Retirement.....................................................................................................................................17

3.9.10 Error Recovery Process...............................................................................................................................................17

3.10 Hot Plug Support..........................................................................................................................................................................17

3.11 Active LED Status ........................................................................................................................................................................18

3.12 Staggered Spinup and Activity Indication (SATA Power Pin 11) .....................................................................................18

3.12.1 Staggered Spinup ........................................................................................................................................................18

3.12.2 Activity Indication ..........................................................................................................................................................18

3.13 CacheFlow™ ..................................................................................................................................................................................18

3.13.1 Write Cache...................................................................................................................................................................19

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Table of Contents WD Green MB500M-6Gb

3.13.2 Read Cache ...................................................................................................................................................................19

3.13.3 48-bit Logical Block Addressing (LBA) ..................................................................................................................19

3.14 Power Management .....................................................................................................................................................................20

3.15 Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)..................................................................................20

3.16 Security Mode ...............................................................................................................................................................................20

3.16.1 Master and User Passwords ......................................................................................................................................20

3.16.2 Security Levels ..............................................................................................................................................................20

4. AT COMMAND SET ................................................................................................................21

4.1 Host Interface Commands .........................................................................................................................................................21

4.1.1 ATA-7/ATA-8 Commands ..........................................................................................................................................21

4.1.2 SATA Commands.........................................................................................................................................................22

4.1.3 Obsolete Commands...................................................................................................................................................22

4.1.4 SCT Commands ...........................................................................................................................................................23

4.2 S.M.A.R.T. (B0h)........................................................................................................................................................................... 23

4.2.1 Read Attribute Values Sub-Command ....................................................................................................................23

4.2.2 Supported Attributes ...................................................................................................................................................25

4.2.3 Read Log Sector...........................................................................................................................................................26

4.3 Identify Device (ECh)...................................................................................................................................................................27

4.4 Set Features (EFh) ......................................................................................................................................................................34

5. INSTALLATION AND SETUP PROCEDURES............................................................................. 35

5.1 Unpacking ......................................................................................................................................................................................35

5.1.1 Handling Precautions...................................................................................................................................................35

5.1.2 Inspection of Shipping Container .............................................................................................................................36

5.1.3 Removal From Shipping Container...........................................................................................................................36

5.1.4 Removal From Static Shielding Bag.........................................................................................................................36

5.1.5 Moving Precautions......................................................................................................................................................36

5.2 Bare Drive Handling External Force ......................................................................................................................................... 37

5.3 Mounting Restrictions..................................................................................................................................................................37

5.3.1 Orientation......................................................................................................................................................................37

5.3.2 Screw Type and Screw Length Limitations............................................................................................................37

5.3.3 Grounding.......................................................................................................................................................................38

5.4 Jumper Settings ............................................................................................................................................................................39

6. MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................................................ 40

7. TECHNICAL SUPPORT............................................................................................................. 41

7.1 WD Online Services ....................................................................................................................................................................41

8. GLOSSARY .............................................................................................................................. 42

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb List of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2-1 Mounting Dimensions...........................................................................................................................................6

Figure 2-2 Drive Base Casting Thermocouple Location ..................................................................................................9

Figure 2-3 Forced Airflow Direction ................................................................................................................................... 10

Figure 5-1 Drive Handling Precautions.............................................................................................................................. 35

Figure 5-2 Hard Drive Removal From Static Shielding Bag ......................................................................................... 36

Figure 5-3 Grounding Diagram ........................................................................................................................................... 38

Figure 5-4 Jumper Settings for WD SATA Hard Drives................................................................................................ 39

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb List of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2-1 Shock and Vibration ............................................................................................................................................... 8

Table 2-2 Full Model Number Description........................................................................................................................ 11

Table 4-1 ATA-7/ATA-8 Command Opcodes................................................................................................................. 21

Table 4-2 Optional Subcommands ................................................................................................................................... 22

Table 4-3 Obsolete Command Opcodes ......................................................................................................................... 22

Table 4-4 SCT Action Codes .............................................................................................................................................. 23

Table 4-5 Definitions for the 512 Bytes. ........................................................................................................................... 23

Table 4-6 Log Address Definition ....................................................................................................................................... 26

Table 4-7 Identify Device Command.................................................................................................................................. 27

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Description and Features

1.0 DESCRIPTION AND FEATURES

1.1 General Description

WD Green hard drives are designed for use in systems that require cool and quiet operation, as secondary drives in PCs, for external enclosures and other applications for which low noise and low heat are beneficial. These earth-friendly drives are ideal for use whenever energy efficiency is needed.

1.2 Product Features

 15 mm Height - 1.5 TB and 2 TB models are 15.0 mm high and are not compatible with

notebook systems. Targeted application is external hard drives.

 Serial ATA (SATA) — Serial ATA (SATA) is the next generation bus interface for

2.5-inch hard drives. It is designed to replace Parallel ATA, and has many advantages including increased transfer rate, improved signal integrity, enhanced data protection, and hot plug support.

 Advanced Format (AF) — Technology adopted by WD and other drive manufacturers to

increase media format efficiencies, thus enabling larger drive capacities.

 IntelliPower™ — A fine-tuned balance of spin speed, transfer rate and caching algorithms

designed to deliver both significant power savings and solid performance. For each WD Green drive model, WD may use a different, invariable RPM.

 Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB) — A bearing design that allows ultra-low rotational drag while

providing high lateral stiffness to steadily hold the spinning center of the diskpack for high-accuracy of reading and writing of data. FDB provide increased shock robustness and enhanced reliability while reducing power consumption and acoustics.

 Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR) — With PMR technology the magnetization of each

data bit is aligned vertically to the spinning disk, rather than longitudinally as has been the case in hard drive technology for decades. This enables more data on a given disk than is possible with conventional longitudinal recording, and provides a platform for future expansion of hard drive densities.

 Reduced Power Spinup (RPS) — WD’s optimized start up feature specifically designed for the

external hard drive and Consumer Electronics (CE) market. Specific focus for RPS is to minimize the duration and magnitude of the peak power consumption from the hard drive.

 System-on-Chip - The System-on-Chip (SOC) is the foundation for WD's next generation

electronics and firmware architecture. The native SATA SOC lowers component count by integrating a hard disk controller, high performance processor, high speed execution SRAM, and read channel in a 128-pin package.

 S.M.A.R.T. Command Transport (SCT) — The SCT Command Transport feature set provides

a method for a host to send commands and data to a device and for a device to send data and status to a host using log pages.

 Reliability Features Set-Data Lifeguard™ — Representing WD's ongoing commitment to data

protection, Data Lifeguard includes features that enhance the drive’s ability to prevent data loss. Data Lifeguard data protection utilities include thermal management, an environmental protection system, and embedded error detection and repair features that automatically detect, isolate, and repair problem areas that may develop over the extended use of the hard drive. With these enhanced data reliability features, the drive can perform more accurate monitoring, error repair, and deliver exceptional data security.

 Hot Plug Support — SATA supports hot plugging (also known as “hot swapping”), the ability to

swap out a failed hard drive without having to power down the system or reboot. This capability contributes to both data availability and serviceability without any associated downtime, making it a critical feature for extending SATA into enterprise applications.

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Description and Features WD Green MB500M-6Gb

 Active LED Status — These drives support external LED requirements. It provides an activity

LED output which is ON during command execution and OFF otherwise.

 Staggered Spin-Up — Native SATA feature that allows the system to control whether the drive

will spin up immediately or wait until the interface is fully ready.

 CacheFlow™ —WD’s unique, multi-generation caching algorithm evaluates the way data is read

from and written to the drive and adapts “on-the-fly” to the optimum read and write caching methods. CacheFlow minimizes disk seek operations and overheads due to rotational latency. CacheFlow supports sequential and random write cache. With write cache and other CacheFlow features, the user can cache both read and write data. The cache can hold multiple writes and collectively write them to the hard drive.

 48-bit Logical Block Addressing (LBA) — WD SATA drives support both 48-bit and 28-bit

LBA and CHS-based addressing. LBA is included in advanced BIOS and operating system device drivers and ensures high capacity disk integration.

 Power Management — WD SATA drives support the ATA and Serial ATA power management

command set, allowing the host to reduce the power consumption of the drive by issuing a variety of power management commands.

 Automatic Defect Retirement — If the WD SATA drive detects a defective sector while reading,

writing, or performing offline data collection, it automatically relocates the sector without enduser intervention.

 Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.) — S.M.A.R.T. enables a

drive’s internal status to be monitored through diagnostic commands at the host level and during offline activities. S.M.A.R.T. devices employ data analysis algorithms that are used to predict the likelihood of some near-term degradation or fault conditions. When used with a S.M.A.R.T. application, the drive can alert the host system of a negative reliability status condition. The host system can then warn the user of the impending risk of data loss and recommend an appropriate action.

 ATA Security — WD SATA drives support the ATA Security Mode Feature set. The ATA

Security Mode feature set allows the user to create a device lock password that prevents unauthorized hard disk access even if the drive is removed from the host computer. The correct password must be supplied to the hard drive in order to access user data. Both the User and Master Password features are supported, along with the High and Maximum security modes. The Master Password Revision code is also supported.

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Specifications

2.0 SPECIFICATIONS

2.1 Performance Specifications

Average Latency 5.8 ms

Rotational Speed IntelliPower

Data Transfer Rates

- Interface Speed

- Internal Transfer Rate

Buffer Size 8 MB

Spindle Start Time

- From Power-on to Drive Ready

- From Power-on to Rotational Speed

Spindle Stop Time 8s average

Load/Unload Cycles

During continuous Seek, Read, or Write commands, an algorithm in the code will add latency as required to keep

the VCM motor from overheating. Seek performance will be impacted under this condition.

As used for storage capacity, one megabyte (MB) = one million bytes, one gigabyte (GB) = one billion bytes, and one terabyte (TB) = one trillion bytes. Total accessible capacity varies depending on operating environment. As used for buffer or cache, one megabyte (MB) = 1,048,576 bytes. As used for transfer rate or interface, megabyte per second (MB/s) = one million bytes per second, and gigabit per second (Gb/s) = one billion bits per second. Effective maximum SATA 6 Gb/s transfer rate calculated according to the Serial ATA specification published by the SATA-IO organization as of the date of this document. Visit www.sata-io.org for details.

Defined as the time from power-on to the setting of Drive Ready and Seek Complete including calibration.

Defined as the time from power-on to when the full spindle rotational speed is reached.

Controlled unload at ambient condition.

6 Gb/s 135 MB/s (max)

6.5s average

4.5s average

600,000

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Specifications WD Green MB500M-6Gb

2.2 Physical Specifications

Physical

WD20NPVX WD15NPVX

Specifications

Capacity

Interface SATA 6 Gb/s SATA 6 Gb/s

Actuator Type Rotary Voice Coil Rotary Voice Coil

Number of Disks 4 4

Data Surfaces 8 8

Number of Heads 8 8

Physical Bytes per Sector 4096 4096

Host Bytes per Sector 512 512

User Sectors per Drive 3,907,029,168 2,930,277,168

Servo Type Embedded Embedded

Recording Method Partial DC Target Partial DC Target

ECC LDPC LDPC

As used for storage capacity, one megabyte (MB) = one million bytes, one gigabyte (GB) = one billion bytes, and one terabyte (TB) = one trillion bytes. Total accessible capacity varies depending on operating environment. As used for buffer or cache, one megabyte (MB) = 1,048,576 bytes. As used for transfer rate or interface, megabyte per second (MB/ s) = one million bytes per second, and gigabit per second (Gb/s) = one billion bits per second. Effective maximum SATA 6 Gb/s transfer rate calculated according to the Serial ATA specification published by the SATA-IO organization as of the date of this document. Visit www.sata-io.org for details.

2,000,398 MB 1,500,301 MB

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Specifications

2.2.1 Physical Dimensions

English Metric

Dimension Tolerance Dimension Tolerance

Height 0.59 inches

(0.58 inches)

Length 3.94 inches ±0.01 inch 100.20 mm ±0.25 mm

Width 2.75 inches ±0.01 inch 69.85 mm ±0.25 mm

Weight (typical) 0.40 pounds — 182 gm —

Max.

(Min.)

15.00 mm

(14.72 mm)

Max.

(Min.)

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Specifications WD Green MB500M-6Gb

2.3 Mechanical Specifications

Figure 2-1 shows the mounting dimensions and locations of the screw holes for the drive.

Figure 2-1. Mounting Dimensions

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Specifications

2.4 Electrical Specifications

2.4.1 Current Requirements and Power Dissipation

Operating Mode

Current

5 VDC

Spinup (max)

Read/Write (average) 340 mA 1.70 W

Seek (average) 400 mA 2.00 W

1000 mA 5.00 W

POWER MANAGEMENT COMMANDS

Operating Mode

Current

5 VDC

Idle (E1H)(average) 150 mA 0.75W

Standby (E0H)(average) 35 mA 0.18W

Sleep (E6H)(average) 35 mA 0.18W

All values are typical (25°C and 5V input) except where specified as maximum.

In Reduced Power Spinup (RPS) mode, Spinup (max) = 750 mA.

Power

2.4.2 Input Voltage Requirements

The input voltage requirement for these drives is +5.0V ± 5%.

2.4.3 Ripple

+5 VDC

Peak-to-peak 100 mV

Frequency 0 - 30 MHz

2.4.4 Power Connectors and Cables

Serial ATA Connectors

For information on SATA data connectors, including the pin definitions of the SATA connectors and the corresponding signal names and signal functions, refer to the latest SATA specification available for download at www.sata-io.org.

Cabling Requirements for Serial ATA

The SATA cable consists of four conductors in two differential pairs. The cable may also include drain wires to be terminated to the ground pins in the SATA cable receptacle connectors. See the SATA specification for cable specifications. The cable's maximum length is one meter.

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Specifications WD Green MB500M-6Gb

2.4.5 ESD

The ESD specification compliance is determined at room ambient conditions with nominal power supply settings, unless otherwise specified.

Op-System Level Minimum

Direct contact discharges 8 kV

Direct air discharges 15 kV

Indirect contact discharges (VCP & HCP) 8 kV

Indirect air discharges (VCP & HCP) 15 kV

Non-Op Drive Level

Direct contact discharges 8 kV

Direct air discharges 15 kV

2.5 Environmental Specifications

2.5.1 Shock and Vibration

Table 2-1. Shock and Vibration

Shock

Operating (2 ms) 300G

Non-operating (2 ms) 650G

Note: Half-sine wave, measured without shock isolation and without non-recoverable errors.

Vibration

Operating

Non-operating

1.5grms

5.8grms

Drive Generated Vibration

Operating (average) 0.25 gm-mm

Rotational Shock Non-Operating

Amplitude 50K rad/sec

Duration 2 ms

0.00003 g2/Hz (10-500 Hz)

0.06984 g2/Hz (10-500 Hz)

Operating Vibration

Drives are tested by applying a random or swept sinusoidal excitation in each linear axis, one axis at a time. The drive incurs no physical damage and no hard errors while operating and subjected to continuous vibration not exceeding the level listed in Table 2-1. Operating performance may degrade during periods of exposure to continuous vibration.

Non-Operating Vibration

Note: This capability applies to handling and transportation of unmounted drives.

Drives are tested by applying a random or swept sinusoidal excitation in each linear axis, one axis at a time. The drive incurs no physical damage when subjected to continuous vibration not exceeding the level listed in Table 2-1.

Drive Generated Vibration

Drives are tested by supporting a single drive horizontally in a free-free state and measuring the side-toside vibration. Self vibration may not exceed the level listed in Table 2-1.

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Specifications

Rotational Shock Non-Operating

Drives are tested by applying a rotational force centered around the actuator pivot. The drive incurs no physical damage when subjected to the rotational force specified in Table 2-1.

Packaged Shock and Vibration

The shipping packaging is designed to meet the National/International Safe Transit Association (N/ISTA) standards for packaged products. The drive incurs no physical damage when subjected to the N/ISTA standards.

2.5.2 Temperature and Humidity

Temperature & Humidity

Operating ambient temperature

Max base casting temperature

Humidity 8-90% RH non-condensing

Thermal Gradient 20°C/hour (maximum)

Humidity Gradient 20%/hour (maximum)

Non-operating Temperature -40°C to 65°C (-40°F to 149°F)

Humidity 5-95% RH non-condensing

Thermal Gradient 30°C/hour (maximum)

Humidity Gradient 20%/hour (maximum)

The system environment must allow sufficient air flow to limit maximum surface temperatures as defined.

See Figure 2-2.

0°C to 60°C (32°F to 140°F)

60°C (140°F)

29.4°C (maximum wet bulb)

40°C (maximum wet bulb)

2.5.3 Thermocouple Location

Component Location

Drive base casting #1, Figure 2-2

Figure 2-2. Drive Base Casting Thermocouple Location

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Specifications WD Green MB500M-6Gb

2.5.4 Cooling

If forced air cooling is required, the drive must be positioned to receive airflow from one or more fans as indicated in Figure 2-3.

Figure 2-3. Forced Airflow Direction

2.5.5 Atmospheric Pressure

Altitude

Operating -1,000 feet to 10,000 feet (-305m to 3,048m)

Non-operating -1,000 feet to 40,000 feet (-305m to 12,192m)

2.5.6 Acoustics

TYPICAL SOUND POWER LEVEL

Idle Mode (average dBA)

Seek Mode (average dBA)

Measured per ECMA-74/ISO 7779.

No audible pure tones.

Random seek at a rate of 26 seeks per second.

2.5.7 RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances)

WD hard drive products manufactured and sold worldwide after June 8, 2011, meet or exceed Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) compliance requirements as mandated by the RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU. RoHS aims to protect human health and the environment by restricting the use of certain hazardous substances in new equipment, and consists of restrictions on lead, mercury, cadmium, and other substances.

2.6 Reliability Specifications

Component Design Life 5 years

AFR <0.5%

Power on Hours (POH) 3120

Ambient temperature 35°C, HDD temperature 40°C.

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Specifications

2.7 Agency Approvals

MB500M-6Gb Regulatory Number (R/N): 771933

These drives meet the standards of the following regulatory agencies:

 Federal Communication Commission: Verified to comply with FCC Rules for Radiated and

Conducted Emission, Part 15, Subpart B, for Class B Equipment.

 Underwriters Laboratories: Bi-National UL Standard CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950/UL 60950-

1. Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment, including Electrical Business Equipment (File E101559).

 TUV NORD CERT GmbH: IEC-950 (EN60950) Standard for Safety of Information

Technology Equipment, including Electrical Business Equipment. EN60065. Standard of Safety for Audio, Video, and Similar Electronic Apparatus.

 CE Compliance for Europe: Verified to comply with EN55022:2006 for RF Emissions and

EN55024:1998, A1:2001 + A2:2003, EN61000-3-2:2000, EN61000-3-3:1995 + A1:2001 for Generic Immunity as applicable.

 C-Tick Compliance for Australia: Verified to comply with AS/NZ3548 for RF Emissions as

required by the Australian Communications Authority.

 Korean RRL Mark: Registered as a Class-B product with the South Korean Ministry of

Information and Communication.

 Taiwan BSMI EMI Certification: Certified as a Class-B product with the Bureau of Standards

Metrology and Inspection (BSMI).

2.8 Full Model Number Specification

Table 2-2 below provides a summary specification of the model number suffix for this product platform.

Table 2-2. Full Model Number Description

Model Number Format ID Product Brand RPM Description

WD20NPVX-xxEA4Tx EA4 WD Green IntelliPower MB500M 8 MB SATA 6 Gb/s AF

WD15NPVX-xxEA4Tx EA4 WD Green IntelliPower MB500M 8 MB SATA 6 Gb/s AF

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Product Features WD Green MB500M-6Gb

3.0 PRODUCT FEATURES

 SATA 6 Gb/s

 Advanced Format (AF)

 Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB)

 IntelliPower

 Reduced Power Spinup (RPS)

 Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR)

 System-on-Chip (SOC)

 S.M.A.R.T. Command Transport (SCT)

 Reliability Features Set—Data Lifeguard™

 Hot Plug Support

 Active LED Status

 Staggered Spin-Up and Activity Indication (SATA Power Pin 11)

 CacheFlow™

 48-bit Logical Block Addressing (LBA)

 Power Management

 Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)

 Security Mode

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Product Features

3.1 SATA 6 Gb/s

SATA 6 Gb/s is the next generation interface for SATA hard drives. It adds to the functionality of the SATA 1.5 Gb/s interface with the following features:

 Improved Power Management— provides improved power management features including Host

Initiated SATA Power Management (HIPM) and Device Initiated SATA Power Management (DIPM).

 Staggered Spin-up — allows the system to control whether the drive will spin up immediately or

wait until the interface is fully ready before spinning up.

 Asynchronous Signal Recovery (ASR) — robustness feature that improves signal recovery.

 Enclosure Services — defines external enclosure management and support features.

 Backplane Interconnect — defines how to lay out signal line traces in a backplane.

 Auto-activate DMA — provides increased command efficiency through automated activation of

the DMA controller.

 Device Configuration Overlay (DCO) — allows hiding of supported features via a SATA feature

mask.

3.2 Advanced Format (AF)

Advanced Format (AF) technology is adopted by WD and other drive manufacturers to increase media format efficiencies, thus enabling larger drive capacities.

In Advanced Format, each physical sector is composed of eight 512 byte logical sectors, totalling 4096 bytes. WD is shipping Advanced Format drives as 512 Byte Emulated Devices until full operating system support for the Advanced Format host interface is available. 512 Byte Emulated Device drives are backward compatible with 512 byte sector accesses.

WD Advanced Format hard drives may require you to run the WD Align software utility after you install your operating system or partition and format the drive as a secondary drive. WD Align software aligns partitions on the Advanced Format drive to ensure it provides full performance for certain configurations. Go to www.wdc.com/advformat for important configuration and installation guidelines.

3.3 Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB)

A bearing design that allows ultra-low rotational drag while providing high lateral stiffness to steadily hold the spinning center of the diskpack for high-accuracy of reading and writing of data. FDB provide increased shock robustness and enhanced reliability while reducing power consumption and acoustics.

3.4 IntelliPower

A fine-tuned balance of spin speed, transfer rate and caching algorithms designed to deliver both significant power savings and solid performance. For each GreenPower™ drive model, WD may use a different, invariable RPM. Spin speed is reduced but optimized through a special blend of channel capability, electronics through-put capability, and mechanical resonances to achieve low power consumption.

3.5 Reduced Power Spinup (RPS)

Applications for 2.5-inch hard drives include USB external hard drives, notebook systems, and Consumer Electronics (CE). Due to the fact that many of these applications are portable in nature, an option for limiting startup current levels and increasing spinup speed is necessary.

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To address this requirement, WD has developed Reduced Power Spinup (RPS) mode. RPS-enabled drives use minimal power consumption during spin up, allowing a greater range of compatibility with various systems and cables in the marketplace. RPS mode is set via jumper. See Figure 5-4 for more information.

3.6 Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR)

In perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR), the magnetization of each data bit is aligned vertically to the spinning disk, rather than longitudinally as has been the case in hard drive technology for decades. In longitudinal recording, as the bits become smaller and closer together, they experience an increasing demagnetizing field, much like two bar magnets that are placed end-to-end repel one another. A property of the media called coercivity must be increased to counteract the demagnetization to keep the bits stable under thermal fluctuations; otherwise data corruption may occur over time. Higher media coercivity has pushed the recording head write field to the limit of known materials.

In perpendicular recording, the adjacent bits attract instead of repel (as with bar magnets placed side by side,) creating more thermally stable bits. In addition, the media contains a magnetically soft underlayer (SUL) beneath the recording layer. This SUL allows a larger effective write field, thus higher coercivity media, enabling further increases in density. Lastly, because of the vertical orientation of the bits, the PMR recording layer tends to be thicker than that used for longitudinal recording, providing increased signal for the read heads. All of these benefits enable WD engineers to reliably pack more data on a given disk than is possible with conventional longitudinal recording.

3.7 System-on-Chip (SOC)

The System-on-Chip (SOC) is the foundation for WD's next generation electronics and firmware architecture. The native SATA SOC lowers component count by integrating a hard disk controller, high performance processor, high speed execution SRAM, and read channel in a 128-pin package. The processor has a 5-stage pipeline which can execute instructions in a single cycle and a DSP engine for enhanced operations. The SOC has on-chip tightly coupled memory for high speed code and data execution that maximizes the processing bandwidth for timing critical operations. It has a high performance disk controller that incorporates maximum flexibility, modularity, performance, and low power consumption. The read/write channel has advanced detection capabilities for high-density drives.

3.8 S.M.A.R.T. Command Transport (SCT)

The SCT Command Transport feature set provides a method for a host to send commands and data to a device and for a device to send data and status to a host using log pages. Standard ATA commands may be interspersed with SCT commands, but SCT commands cannot be nested. SCT commands that do not require a subsequent data transfer operation are not interspersed with any ATA commands or each other.

The SCT Command Transport feature set provides a method for a host to send commands and data to a device and for a device to send data and status to a host using log pages. This capabilitility is used to pass commands through a driver interface or a bridge where new or unknown commands may be filtered and not passed to the drive. SCT is also used for issuing commands that require more than 8 parameter bytes. ATA8-ACS provides detailed information on the usage and capabilities of SCT. The SCT feature set includes the following commands:

 Write Same

 Read/Write Long

 Temperature Reporting

3.8.1 Write Same

The Write Same command allows the host to erase the media, or write a pattern repeatedly across the media, with a minimum of data transfer from the host. The host can clear the entire media to zeros or

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a specific pattern by sending this command with the pattern as a parameter—no data transfer is necessary. Write Same can write the entire media, or just a portion of the media. The host can monitor the progress of the Write Same by issuing SCT Status requests. This frees the host system to do other tasks while the media is being cleared.

3.8.2 Read/Write Long

The function performed by the Long Sector Access command is based on the obsolete ATA READ LONG/WRITE LONG capability, and has been extended beyond 28-bit addressing. The Long Sector data format for both reads and writes is two blocks long (i.e., each block is 512 bytes long). The first block contains the user data. The second data block contains the error correction and detection bytes. The remainder of the second block should contain zeros. Once the SCT command has been issued and the status response indicates that the device is ready to transfer data, log page E1h should be read or written to transfer the data. Long Sector Access commands cause a forced unit access to occur.

3.8.3 Temperature Reporting

The SCT Temperature Reporting (SCT TR) feature allows a host system to access temperature information in the drive. This information can been used to control fans or adjust the usage of various system components to keep the drive within its normal operating temperature. Applications include Enterprise, Laptop, Desktop and Consumer Electronics. SCT TR reports the maximum and minimum sustained operating limits, warning level limits, and drive damage limits. In addition to reporting the limits, SCT TR returns the current drive temperature (a temperature history which the host can use to predict heating or cooling trends) and the maximum temperature acheived during the lifetime of the drive as well as the highest temperature achieved since the power was applied to the drive. Detailed information on this capability can be found in ATA8-ACS.

3.9 Reliability Features Set

3.9.1 Data Lifeguard™

Representing WD's ongoing commitment to data protection, Data Lifeguard includes features that enhance the drive’s ability to prevent data loss. Data Lifeguard data protection utilities include thermal management, an environmental protection system, and embedded error detection and repair features that automatically detect, isolate, and repair problem areas that may develop over the extended use of the hard drive. With these enhanced data reliability features, the drive can perform more accurate monitoring, error repair, and deliver exceptional data security.

This self-tuning feature is performed during offline data collection scan. All user sectors on the hard drive are scanned during times of no activity from the host. Any sector determined to be written poorly (e.g., off-track), or that is difficult to recover (e.g., because of a developing media defect or thermal asperity), is marked for repair. Data Lifeguard actively guards your data, even if S.M.A.R.T. operations are disabled.

All WD drives are defect-free and low-level formatted at the factory. After prolonged use, any drive, including a WD drive, may develop defects. If you continue receiving data errors in any given file, use the Data Lifeguard Diagnostics utility to recover, relocate and rewrite the user data to the nearest spare sector and maintain a secondary defect list.

CAUTION:As with all format utilities, some options in the Data Lifeguard Diagnostics

utility will overwrite user data.

Download the latest versions of the Data Lifeguard Diagnostic and Data Lifeguard Tools programs at

http://support.wd.com.

1. Default shipping configuration has Data Lifeguard feature disabled for power management optimization.

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3.9.2 Thermal Management

The drive is designed with Thermal Management features for high reliability.

 State-of-the-art mechanical design—Mechanical design is optimized to reduce the drive’s

temperature. State-of-the-art thermal dissipation and windage design is employed.

 Closed loop servo management—Thermal management monitors the drive temperature and can

control servo operations to maintain a stable operating temperature under high temperature conditions. This is a closed loop servo and thermal control system.

 S.M.A.R.T. HDA Temperature Attribute—The S.M.A.R.T. HDA Temperature Attribute is

supported.

 Ducted airflow—Provides protection to the Read/Write element from heated air.

3.9.3 Internal Environmental Protection System

This system protects the inside environment of the drive from contamination. System features include:

 Filtration System to ensure fast clean-up times

 Directed airflow to maximize mechanical cooling

 Increase casting surface area to maximize cooling

 Ducted air flow to protect read/write elements from heated air

 Breather filter located at low pressure area

 Enhanced heat dissipation

3.9.4 Recoverable Errors

A sector marked for repair is written back to the same location. The sector is then read several times to be sure that it was written correctly and that there is no media damage at its location (sector test). If the sector does not easily and consistently read correctly, the sector is then relocated with original data.

3.9.5 Unrecoverable Errors

If an unrecoverable error is found during the offline scan, the sector is marked. Future reads from this location will continue to perform full error recovery. However, the next write to this location will perform a sector test to be sure the media is not damaged, and the sector relocated if the sector test fails.

3.9.6 Self Test

Self Test is a quick way to determine the operation status of a drive. The following Self Tests are supported:

 Quick Test: Completes in less than two minutes.

 Extended Test: Tests all the critical subsystems of the drive.

 Conveyance Test: Quickly identifies issues caused by handling damage.

 Selective Test: Scans host-defined sections of the drive.

The test may be run to completion or be performed as a background task as the drive processes other commands from the host. The host may then poll the drive for runtime status and test results. Since the test is embedded in the drive’s firmware, it is always available, requires no installation and can be faster and more effective than a software-based drive test.

3.9.7 ATA Error Logging

ATA Error Logging provides an industry standard means to record error events and supporting information that is then accessible by the host. The event record includes the exact command that caused the failure, the response of the drive, the time of the event and information about the four commands immediately prior to the errant command. Error Logging can reliably and quickly

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determine whether a system problem is the result of a hard drive failure or other component malfunction. Error Logging retains total error count for the life of the drive and complete records for the last five errors.

3.9.8 Defect Management

Every WD drive undergoes factory-level intelligent burn in, which thoroughly tests for and maps out defective sectors on the media before the drive leaves the manufacturing facility. Following the factory tests, a primary defect list is created. The list contains the cylinder, head, and sector numbers for all defects.

Defects managed at the factory are sector slipped. Grown defects that can occur in the field are mapped out by relocation to spare sectors on the inner cylinders of the drive.

3.9.9 Automatic Defect Retirement

The automatic defect retirement feature automatically maps out defective sectors while reading or writing. If a defective sector appears, the drive finds a spare sector.

The following item is specific to automatic defect retirement on writes (write auto-relocation):

 Data is always written to disk (using automatic defect retirement if required) and no error is

reported.

The following item is specific to automatic defect retirement on reads (read auto-relocation):

 When host retries are enabled, the drive will internally flag any unrecoverable errors (DAMNF or

ECC). This flagging allows subsequent write commands to this location to relocate the sector only if the sector test fails.

3.9.10 Error Recovery Process

The drive has the following means of Error Recovery:

 One-the-Fly Recovery: Using LDPC's internal recovery mechanism with Global and Local

Iteration for Error Recovery and Correction. This recovery is real time and does not require any additional re-reads for the correction.

 Simple Firmware Assist Recovery: Single variable re-reads involving off-track recoveries and synch

mark retires.

 Extended Firmware Assist Recovery: This retry procedure will step through a combination of

positive/negative track offsets and VGA DAC manipulations to recover the data. In addition, further retries will also involve Low Pass Filter (FIR) manipulations, Timing recovery, and Synch Error Recoveries deeper into the retry process. Furthermore, in specific retry steps Hardware assist is also involved for Extended Retry involving more modification of FIR filters & Erasure Sweep.

 LDPC Erasure Sweep Correction: This step sweeps the entire data stream with a Erasure Length

and a Sliding Window, both programmable, to maximize the correction capability.

When an extended retry operation is successful, the controller continues with the command. The controller clears any changes during the F/W Assist Recovery before commencing to the next operation.

3.10 Hot Plug Support

SATA supports hot plugging (also known as “hot swapping”), the ability to swap out a failed hard drive without having to power down the system or reboot. This capability contributes to both data availability and serviceability without any associated downtime, making it a critical feature for extending SATA into enterprise applications.

WD SATA drives support hot plugging only in systems where a SATA hard drive storage backplane is used.

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The Serial ATA revision 2.5 specification requires staggered pins for both the hard drive and drive receptacles. Staggered pins mate the power signals in the appropriate sequences required for powering up the hot plugged device. These pins are also specified to handle in excess of the maximum allowed inrush current that occurs during drive insertion. SATA-compliant devices thus need no further modification to be hot pluggable and provide the necessary building blocks for a robust hot plug solution, which typically includes:

 Device detection even with power downed receptacles (typical of server applications).

 Pre-charging resistors to passively limit inrush current during drive insertion.

 Hot plug controllers to actively limit inrush current during drive insertion.

3.11 Active LED Status

The drive supports external LED requirements. It provides an activity LED output which is ON during command execution and OFF otherwise.

The drive strength of this open Drain Drive Active signal is that it can sink 12mA to 0.4V Max. It is 5V tolerant, meaning that the external LED may be driven from +5V or +3.3V so long as the Host system provides a series resistor to limit the LED current to the lower of 12mA or the rated operating current of the LED. As an example with +5V and a 2 volt forward drop across a 10mA LED, a 300 Ohm 5% 1/16W resistor would be suitable. In the case of a 3.3V supply for the same LED, the resistor would be 130 Ohm 5% 1/16W.

The pin corresponding to P11 shall be used for Active LED.

3.12 Staggered Spinup and Activity Indication (SATA Power Pin 11)

SATA device power connector pin 11 is defined as a means by the host to DISABLE staggered spinup and it may also be used by the device to provide the host with an activity indication. According to the SATA II specs, "Staggered Spin-up Disable and Activity Signal shall not be enabled at the same time."

3.12.1 Staggered Spinup

When multiple disks are installed in an enclosure, it is desirable to provide a simple mechanism by which a subsystem controller can sequence hard drive initialization to minimize the current load presented during power up. Staggered spinup provides this mechanism by preventing the hard drives from spinning up until after successful PHY initialization (i.e., after PHY enters DP7:DR_Ready state).

Staggered spinup is only applicable during initial power-up. If a drive is spun down using ATA commands—as a result of having been placed in Standby or Sleep power modes, for example—the drive shall spin up following the rules that govern spinup from low power modes described in ATA/ ATAPI-6 or later.

3.12.2 Activity Indication

The host controller through SATA power pin 11 may access storage device status and activity. The signal provided by the device for activity indication is a low-voltage low-current signal. It is not suitable for directly driving an LED. A buffer circuit external to the device must be employed to drive the LED. The activity signal is based on an open-collector or open-drain active low driver. The device shall tolerate the activity signal being shorted to ground.

3.13 CacheFlow™

CacheFlow is WD’s unique, multi-generation disk caching system. It incorporates read cache with write cache.

WD designed CacheFlow to obtain maximum performance with today’s most popular operating systems and applications. CacheFlow increases performance over prior caching algorithms by

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increasing the number of times that requested data is in the cache. This reduces the number of host commands that require actual media access thereby improving overall drive performance.

Typical applications perform a variety of access patterns, such as random, sequential, and repetitive. CacheFlow is designed to dynamically adapt to the changes in access patterns that occur during the course of application execution.

Random mode is the default operational mode for CacheFlow. Once CacheFlow detects a sequential access pattern, it leaves random mode. CacheFlow also performs predictive read operations to increase the probability that data requested in future commands already exists in the cache.

CacheFlow partitions the buffer into multiple segments to allow for the fact that applications may access multiple non-contiguous areas on the disk. CacheFlow tracks the amount of valid data in each segment and controls the deallocation of segments to maximize drive performance.

3.13.1 Write Cache

CacheFlow is designed to improve both single and multi-sector write performance by reducing delays caused by seek time and rotational latency.

The write cache adaptively detects random and sequential access patterns during application execution.

If a defective sector is found during a write cache operation, that sector is automatically relocated before the write occurs.

3.13.2 Read Cache

CacheFlow implements a multiple segment read cache. Cache segments are assigned to read commands as they are received from the host.

Each read segment consists of pre and post read sectors in addition to the host-requested sectors. This maximizes the amount of cache data in the drive’s buffer, thereby increasing the likelihood of cache hits and improving overall performance.

3.13.3 48-bit Logical Block Addressing (LBA)

The 48-bit Address feature set allows devices with capacities up to approximately 281 tera sectors or approximately 144 peta bytes. In addition, the number of sectors that may be transferred by a single command are increased by increasing the allowable sector count to 16 bits.

48-bit Address

Bits (47:40) Bits (39:32) Bits (31:24) Bits (23:16) Bits (15:8) Bits (7:0)

LBA High (exp) LBA Mid (exp) LBA Low (exp) LBA High LBA Mid LBA Low

16-bit Sector Count

Bits (15:8) Bits (7:0)

Sector Count

(exp)

Sector Count

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3.14 Power Management

The drives support the ATA power management commands that lower the average power consumption of the hard drives. For example, to take advantage of the lower power consumption modes of the drive, an energy efficient host system could implement a power management scheme that issues a Standby Immediate command when a host resident disk inactivity timer expires. The Standby Immediate command causes the drive to spin down and enter a low-power mode. Subsequent disk access commands would cause the drive to spin up and execute the new command.

To avoid excessive wear on the drive due to the starting and stopping of the HDA, set the host’s disk inactivity timer to no shorter than ten minutes.

The drives also support the SATA power management feature that lowers the average power consumption of the SATA interface.

3.15 Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)

S.M.A.R.T. helps you monitor a drive’s internal status through diagnostic commands at the host level.

The drive monitors Read Error Rate, Start/Stop Count, Re-allocated Sector Count, Seek Error Rate, Power-on Hours Count, Spin-up Retry Count, Drive Calibration Retry Count, Drive Power Cycle Count, Offline Scan Uncorrectable Sector Count, Ultra ATA CRC Error Rate, Multi-zone Error Rate, Spin-up Time, Relocation Event Count, and Current Pending Sector Count. The hard drive updates and stores these attributes in the reserved area of the disk. The drive also stores a set of attribute thresholds that correspond to the calculated attribute values. Each attribute threshold indicates the point at which its corresponding attribute value achieves a negative reliability status.

3.16 Security Mode

The Security Mode feature set allows the user to create a device lock password that prevents unauthorized hard drive access even if the drive is removed from the computer.

3.16.1 Master and User Passwords

The manufacturer/dealer can set a master password using the Security Set Password command, without enabling the device lock function. The user password should be given or changed by a system user.

Master Password Identifier is supported and set to a default value of 00FE. If a Master Password is set via a Security Set Password Command, a valid Master Password Revision code value of 0001h – 00FEh must be used. A Master Password Identifier of 0000h is ignored.

When the master password is set, the drive does not enable the device lock function. When the user password is set, the drive enables the device lock function, and the drive is locked after the next power on reset or hard reset.

3.16.2 Security Levels

High - If High level security is set and the user password is forgotten, the master password can be used to unlock the drive and access the data.

Maximum - If Maximum level security is set and the user password is forgotten, data access is impossible. Only the master password with a Security Erase Unit command can unlock the drive when the device lock function is enabled and the user password has been forgotten. When the Security Erase Unit command is used to unlock the drive, all user data is erased.

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4.0 AT COMMAND SET

4.1 Host Interface Commands

4.1.1 ATA-7/ATA-8 Commands

Table 4-1 lists the hexadecimal codes specific to each ATA-7/ATA-8 command supported by these hard drives. Refer to the D1699 ATA8-ACS specification for full details on each command.

Table 4-1. ATA-7/ATA-8 Command Opcodes

COMMAND HEX OPCODE

CHECK POWER MODE E5

DEVICE CONFIGURATION OVERLAY B1

DOWNLOAD MICROCODE 92

EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC 90

FLUSH CACHE E7

FLUSH CACHE EXT EA

IDENTIFY DEVICE EC

IDLE E3

IDLE IMMEDIATE E1

NOP 00

READ BUFFER E4

READ DMA C8

READ DMA EXT 25

READ FPDMA QUEUED 60

READ LOG EXT 2F

READ LOG DMA EXT 47

READ MULTIPLE C4

READ MULTIPLE EXT 29

READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS F8

READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT 27

READ SECTOR(S) 20

READ SECTORS(S) EXT 24

READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT 42

READ VERIFY SECTORS(S) 40

S.M.A.R.T. B0

SECURITY DISABLE PASSWORD F6

SECURITY ERASE PREPARE F3

SECURITY ERASE UNIT F4

SECURITY FREEZE LOCK F5

SECURITY SET PASSWORD F1

SECURITY UNLOCK F2

SET FEATURES EF

SET MAX F9

SET MAX ADDRESS EXT 37

SET MULTIPLE C6

SLEEP E6

STANDBY E2

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COMMAND HEX OPCODE

STANDBY IMMEDIATE E0

WRITE BUFFER E8

WRITE DMA CA

WRITE DMA EXT 35

WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61

WRITE LOG EXT 3F

WRITE LOG DMA EXT 57

WRITE MULTIPLE C5

WRITE MULTIPLE EXT 39

WRITE SECTOR(S) 30

WRITE SECTOR(S) EXT 34

WRITE UNCORRECTABLE EXT 45

4.1.2 SATA Commands

Table 4-2 lists the hexadecimal codes specific to each SATA command supported by these hard drives. Refer to the SATA specification for full details on each command.

Table 4-2. Optional Subcommands

COMMAND SUBFUNCTION

DOWNLOAD MICROCODE Mode 3

4.1.3 Obsolete Commands

Table 4-3 lists the hexadecimal codes specific to each obsolete command supported by these hard drives.

Table 4-3. Obsolete Command Opcodes

COMMAND HEX OPCODE

INITIALIZE DEVICE PARAMETERS 91

READ LONG 22

RECALIBRATE 10

SEEK 70

WRITE LONG 32

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4.1.4 SCT Commands

SCT commands provide capabilities not covered in ATA/ATAPI-7 for commands that do not fit the ATA command delivery model. Some SCT commands report completion when the command begins execution. Execution progress for these commands may be checked by requesting SCT status. For instance, the host can track the progress of a Write Same command by issueing a status request once per minute. See ATA8-ACS for a full description of SCT.

Table 4-4. SCT Action Codes

ACTION CODE DESCRIPTION

0000h RESERVED

0001h Long Sector Access

0002h Write Same

0004h Features Control

0005h SCT Data Tables

0006h Vendor specific

0007h BFFFh Reserved

C000h FFFFh Vendor specific

4.2 S.M.A.R.T. (B0h)

The S.M.A.R.T. command provides access to attribute values, S.M.A.R.T. status, and other S.M.A.R.T. information. These commands can be used for logging and reporting purposes, and for accommodating special user needs.

Prior to writing the S.M.A.R.T. command to the Command Register, the host must write key values into the LBA Mid and LBA High Registers (4Fh, C2h) or the command will be aborted and an error will be reported.

The S.M.A.R.T. command has several sub-commands that are selectable via the Features Register when the host issues the S.M.A.R.T. command. To select a sub-command, the host must write the appropriate sub-command code to the Features Register before issuing the S.M.A.R.T. command. The sub-commands and their respective codes are listed below. For more detailed information on executing S.M.A.R.T. commands, please see the ATA specification.

4.2.1 Read Attribute Values Sub-Command

This command returns a sector of data with the drive's S.M.A.R.T. data structure.

Table 4-5. Definitions for the 512 Bytes.

BYTE VALUE DESCRIPTION

0 - 1 0010h S.M.A.R.T. Data Structure Revision

2 - 361 XX S.M.A.R.T. Attribute Data

Offline data collection status

0Xh OL disabled

362 XX

363 XX Self-Test execution status byte.

8Xh OL enabled X0h scan not run X2h scan complete X4h scan suspended X5h scan aborted

00h The previous self-test routine completed without error or no

01h The self-test routine was aborted by the host

02h The self-test routine was interrupted by the host with a hard or

self-test has ever been run

soft reset

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BYTE VALUE DESCRIPTION

364 - 365 XX

366 XX

367 7Bh

368 - 369 0003h

370 01h

371 XX

372 XX

373 XX

374 XX

375 - 510 XX

511 XX

03h A fatal error or unknown test error occurred while the device

04h The previous self-test completed having a test element that

05h The previous self-test completed having a test element that

06h The previous self-test completed having a test element that

07h The previous self-test completed having a test element that

08h The previous self-test completed having a test element that

090Eh

0Fh Self-test routine in progress

Total time in seconds to complete offline data collection activity

Reserved

Offline data collection capability. Bits are as follows:

S.M.A.R.T. Capability. Bits are as follows:

Error logging capability. Bits are as follows:

Reserved

Short self-test routine completion time in minutes

Extended self-test routine completion time in minutes

Conveyance self-test routine completion time in minutes

Reserved

Checksum

was executing its self-test routine. The device was unable to complete the self-test routine.

failed. The test element that failed is not known.

failed. The electrical element of the test failed.

failed. The servo (and/or seek) test element of the test failed.

failed. The read element of the test failed.

failed. The element damage is suspected to be caused by handling.

Reserved

1 = Offline Immediate Command supported

1 = Auto Offline enable\disable command supported

0 = Offline will suspend on and will resume after host

command 1 = Offline read scan implemented

1 = DST Short and Extended tests supported

1 = DST Conveyance test supported

1 = DST Selective test supported

0 = Reserved

1 = The device saves SMART data prior to going into a power

saving mode 1 = Device complies with SMART data autosave after an event

Reserved

2-15

1 = Error logging supported

Reserved

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4.2.2 Supported Attributes

The drive supports the following attributes.

Attribute Attribute ID Number Pre-Failure/Advisory Bit

Read Error Rate 1 Pre-Failure

Spin-up Time 3 Pre-Failure

Start/Stop Count 4 Advisory

Re-allocated Sector Count 5 Pre-Failure

Seek Error Rate 7 Advisory

Power-on Hours Count 9 Advisory

Spin-up Retry Count 10 Advisory

Drive Calibration Retry Count 11 Advisory

Drive Power Cycle Count 12 Advisory

Emergency Retract Cycles 192 Advisory

Load/Unload Cycles 193 Advisory

HDA Temperature

Relocation Event Count 196 Advisory

Current Pending Sector Count 197 Advisory

Offline Scan Uncorrectable Sector Count 198 Advisory

Ultra DMA CRC Error Rate 199 Advisory

Multi-zone Error Rate 200 Advisory

Status bits are typical but may vary.

See “Temperature Reporting” on page 15 for a better mechanism.

194 Advisory

(Status Flags bit 0)

Attributes that use the Pre-Failure/Advisory Bit Set can predict potential future degrading or faulty conditions. Attributes with the Failure/Advisory Bit Clear are used for informational purposes only, they do not indicate impending drive failure.

The S.M.A.R.T. data saving process is a background task. After a pre-determined idle period, the selfmonitoring data is automatically saved to the disk.

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4.2.3 Read Log Sector

There are several logs that can be read with the S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector sub-command. The LBA Low Register indicates the log sector to be returned.

Table 4-6. Log Address Definition

Log

Log Name Feature Set R/W Access

Address

00h Log directory ExtLog RO GPL, SL

01h Summary Log SMART RO SL

02h Comprehensive SMART error log SMART RO SL

03h

04h Device Statistics N/A RO GPL, SL

05h Reserved Reserved Reserved

06h SMART self-test log SMART RO SL

07h Extended SMART self-test log ExtLog RO GPL

08h Reserved Reserved Reserved

09H Selective self-test log SMART R/W SL

0Ah-0Fh Reserved N/A Reserved

10h NCQ Command Error NCQ RO GPL

11h SATA PHY Counters ExtLog RO GPL

12h-17h Reserved for Serial ATA N/A Reserved

18h-1Fh Reserved N/A Reserved

20h Obsolete

21h Write Stream Error Log Streaming RO GPL

22h Read Stream Error Log Streaming RO GPL

23h Obsolete

24h-7Fh Reserved N/A Reserved

80h-9Fh Host vendor specific SMART / ExtLog R/W GPL, SL

A0h-BFh Device vendor specific SMART / ExtLog VS GPL, SL

C0h-EFh Reserved Reserved Reserved

E0h SCT Command/Status N/A R/W GPL, SL

E1h SCT Data Transfer GPL, SL

E2h-FFh Reserved Reserved Reserved

RO – Read Only R/W – Read / Write SMART – Supported by B0h command code. ExtLog – Supported by 2Fh/3Fh command code. VS – Vendor Specific SCT – SMART Command Transport

Extended Comprehensive SMART

error log

ExtLog RO GPL

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4.3 Identify Device (ECh)

The Identify Device command transfers 512 bytes of data that specify the drive’s parameters. Table 4-7 lists the parameters read by the host.

Table 4-7. Identify Device Command

WORD FIELD DESCRIPTION VALUE

0 General Configuration 427Ah

1Obsolete XXXX

2 Specific Configuration XXXX

3Obsolete XXXX

4-5 Retired 0

6Obsolete XXXX

7-8 Reserved for assignment by the CompactFlash™ Association 0

9 Retired 0

10-19 Serial Number (ATA String) WDnnnnnnnn

20-21 Retired XXXX

22 Obsolete 0

23-26 Firmware Revision (ATA String) nnnn

27-46 Model Numbers (ATA String) “WDC WD20NPVX-nnnnnnn”

47 READ/WRITE MULTIPLE support

Bit 15-8: 80h Bit 7-0: 00h: Reserved 01h-FFh = Maximum number of logical sectors that shall be transferred per DRQ data block on READ/WRITE MULTIPLE commands

48 Trusted Computing feature set options

49 Capabilities

50 Capabilities

51-52 Obsolete 0

Bit 15: Shall be cleared to zero Bit 14: Shall be set to one Bit 13-1: Reserved for the Trusted Computing Group Bit 0: If set, Trusted Computing feature set is supported

Bit 15-14: Reserved for the IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command. Bit 13: If set, Standby timer values as specified in this standard are supported.

0 = Standby timer values shall be managed by the device Bit 12: Reserved for the IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command Bit 11: If set, IORDY supported Bit 10: If set, IORDY may be disabled Bit 9: If set, LBA supported Bit 8: If set, DMA supported Bit 7-2: Reserved Bit 1: Current Long Physical Alignment Setting

Bit 15: Shall be cleared to zero. Bit 14: Shall be set to one. Bit 13-2: Reserved. Bit 1: Obsolete Bit 0: Shall be set to one to indicate a device specific Standby timer value minimum

“WDC WD15NPVX-nnnnnnn”

8010h

4000h

2F00h

4001h

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53 Additional Words Valid

Bit 8-15: Free-fall Control Sensitivity 00h = Vendor’s recommended setting 01h-FFh = Sensitivity level. A larger number is a more sensitive setting. Bit 7-3: Reserved Bit 2: If set, the fields reported in word 88 are valid Bit 1: If set, the fields reported in words 70-64 are valid Bit 0: Obsolete

54-58 Obsolete XXXX

59 Current Blocking Factor

Bit 15: 1=The BLOCK ERASE EXT command is supported Bit 14: 1= The OVERWRITE EXT command is supported Bit 13: 1=The CRYPTO Scramble EXT command is supported Bit 12: 1=The Sanitize feature set is supported Bit 9-11 Reserved Bit 8: 1=Multiple local sector setting is valid Bit 0-7: Current setting for number of logical sectors that shall be transferred per DRQ data block on READ/WRITE Multiple commands

60-61 Total number of user addressable logical sectors for 28 bit

62 Obsolete 0

63 Multi-Word DMA Transfer Mode Supported

64 Advanced PIO Modes Supported

65 Min. Multi-Word DMA Transfer Cycle Time (ns)

66 Manufacturer Recommended Multi-Word DMA Cycle Time

67 Min. PIO Transfer Cycle Time without flow control

68 Min. PIO Transfer Cycle Time with IORDY flow control

69 Additional Supported

70 Reserved 0

71-74 Reserved for the Identify Packet Device command 0

commands (DWord)

Bit 15-11: Reserved Bit 10: If set, Multiword DMA mode 2 is selected Bit 9: If set, Multiword DMA mode 1 is selected Bit 8: If set, Multiword DMA mode 0 is selected Bit 7-3: Reserved Bit 2: If set, Multiword DMA mode 2 Bit 1: If set, Multiword DMA mode 1 Bit 0: If set, Multiword DMA mode 0

Bits 0-7: PIO Modes supported

Bit 15-0: Cycle time in nanoseconds

Bit 15: If set, CFast Specification Support Bit 14: If set, Deterministic data in trimmed LBA range(s) is supported Bit 13: If set, Long Physical Sector Alignment Error Reporting Control is supported Bit 12: If set, DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY DMA and DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET DMA are supported Bit 11: If set, READ BUFFER DMA is supported Bit 10: If set, WRITE BUFFER DMA is supported Bit 9: If set, SET MAX SET PASSWORD DMA and SET MAX UNLOCK DMA are supported Bit 8: If set, DOWNLOAD MICROC Bit 6: If set, Optional ATA device 28-bit commands supportedODE DMA is supported Bit 7: If set, Reserved for IEEE 1667 Bit 5: If set, Trimmed LBA range(s) returning zeroed data is supported Bit 4: If set, Device Encrypts All User Data Bit 3: If set, Extended Number of User Addressable Sectors is supported Bit 2-0: Reserved

0007h

XXh

0FFFFFFFh

XX07h

0003h

120

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75 Queue Depth

Bit 15-5: Reserved Bit 4-0: Maximum queue depth - 1

76 Serial ATA Capabilities

77 Serial ATA Additional Capabilities

78 Serial ATA Features Supported

79 Serial ATA Features Enabled

80 Major Version Number

81 Minor Version Number 0000h

Bit 15: If set, Supports Read Log DMA Ext Bit 14: If set, Supports Device Automatic Partial to Slumber transitions Bit 13: If set, Supports Host Automatic Partial to Slumber transitions Bit 12: Supports Native Command Queuing priority information Bit 11: Supports Unload while NCQ commands outstanding Bit 10: Supports Phy event counters Bit 9: Supports receipt of host-initiated interface power management requests Bit 8: Supports Native Command Queuing (NCQ) Bit 7-3: Reserved for future Serial ATA signaling speed grades Bit 2: 1= Supports Serial ATA Gen2 signaling speed (3 Gb/s) Bit 1: 1= Supports Serial ATA Gen1 signaling speed (1.5 Gb/s) Bit 0: Shall be cleared to zero

Bit 15 - 7: Reserved Bit 6: If set, Supports Receive and Send FPDMA Queued Commands Bit 5: If set, Supports NCQ Queue Management Command Bit 4: If set, Supports NCQ Streaming Bit 3 - 1: Coded value indicating negotiated Serial ATA signal Speed Bit 0: Shall be cleared to zero

Bit 15-8: Reserved for Serial ATA Bit 7: If set, device supports NCQ Autosense Bit 6: If set, device supports software settings preservation Bit 5: Reserved for Serial ATA Bit 4: If set, device supports in-order data delivery Bit 3: If set, device supports initiating power management Bit 2: If set, device supports DMA Setup Auto-activation Bit 1: If set, device supports non-zero buffer offsets Bit 0: Cleared to zero

Bits 15-7: Reserved for Serial ATA Bit 6: If set, software settings preservation enabled Bit 5: Reserved for Serial ATA Bit 4: If set, In-order data delivery enabled Bit 3: If set, device initiated power management enabled Bit 2: If set, DMA Setup Auto-activation enabled Bit 1: If set, non-zero buffer offsets enabled Bit 0: Cleared to zero

Bit 15-10: Reserved Bit 9: if set, supports ACS-2 Bit 8: if set, supports ATA8-ACS Bit 7: if set, supports ATA/ATAPI-7 Bit 6: if set, supports ATA/ATAPI-6 Bit 5: if set, supports ATA/ATAPI-5 Bit 4 –1: Obsolete Bit 0: Reserved

1111 1111 0000 0110b

0000 0000 0100 1100b

0000 0000 0X00 XX00b

001Fh

FF06h

000Xh

004Ch

03FEh

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82 Command and feature sets supported

Bit 14: If set, NOP command supported Bit 13: If set, Read buffer command supported Bit 12: If set, Write buffer command supported Bit 11: Obsolete Bit 10: If set, Host Protected Area Feature Set supported Bit 9: If set, Device Reset command supported Bit 8: If set, Service interrupt supported Bit 7: If set, Release interrupt supported Bit 6: If set, look-ahead supported Bit 5: If set, Write Cache supported Bit 4: Cleared to 0 to indicate that the PACKET feature set is not supported. Bit 3: If set, mandatory Power Management Feature Set supported Bit 2: Obsolete Bit 1: If set, Security Feature Set supported Bit 0: If set, SMART Feature Set supported

83 Command Set Supported

84 Command and feature sets supported

85 Command and feature sets supported or enabled

Bit 15: Shall be cleared to 0 Bit 14: Shall be set to 1 Bit 13: If set, Flush Cache EXT command supported Bit 12: If set, mandatory Flush Cache command supported Bit 11: If set, DCO feature set supported Bit 10: If set, 48-bit Address Feature Set supported Bit 9: Not supported Bit 8: If set, Set Max Security Extension supported Bit 7: Reserved Bit 6: If set, Set Features subcommand required to spin-up after power-up Bit 5: If set, Power-Up In Standby feature set supported Bit 4: Obsolete Bit 3: If set, Advanced Power Management feature set supported Bit 2: If set, CFA feature set supported Bit 1: If set, Read/Write DMA Queued supported Bit 0: If set, Download Microcode command supported

Bit 15: Shall be cleared to zero Bit 14: Shall be set to one Bit 13: If set, Idle Immediate with Unload Feature supported Bit 12: Reserved Bit 11: Reserved Bit 9-10: Obsolete Bit 8: If set, 64-bit World wide name supported Bit 7: If set, Write DMA Queued FUA EXT command supported Bit 6: If set, Write DMA FUA EXT and Write Multiple FUA EXT commands supported Bit 5: If set, General Purpose Logging feature set supported Bit 4: If set, Streaming Feature Set supported Bit 3: Obsolete Bit 2: If set, Media serial number supported Bit 1: If set, SMART Self-Test supported Bit 0: If set, SMART Error Logging supported

Bit 15: Obsolete Bit 14: If set, NOP command supported Bit 13: If set, Read Buffer command supported Bit 12: If set, Write Buffer command supported Bit 11: Obsolete Bit 10: If set, Host Protected Area has been established Bit 9: If set, DEVICE RESET command supported Bit 8: If set, SERVICE interrupt enabled Bit 7: If set, Release Interrupt enabled Bit 6: If set, Read look-ahead enabled Bit 5: If set, Volatile Write cache enabled Bit 4: Cleared to 0 to indicate that the PACKET feature set is not supported Bit 3: Set to 1 to indicate that the Mandatory Power Management feature set is supported Bit 2: Obsolete Bit 1: If set, Security Feature Set enabled Bit 0: If set, SMART Feature Set enabled

0111 0100 0110 1011b

746Bh

0111 1101 0110 1001b

7D69h

0110 0001 0010 0011b

6123h

0111 0X0X XXX0 10XXb

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb AT Command Set

86 Commands and feature sets supported or enabled

Bit 15: If set, Words 119-120 are valid Bit 14: Reserved Bit 13: If set, Flush Cache EXT command supported Bit 12: If set, Flush Cache command supported Bit 11: If set, Device Configuration Overlay supported Bit 10: If set, 48-bit Address Feature Set supported Bit 9: Not supported Bit 8: If set, Set Max Security Extension enabled by Set Max Set Password Bit 7: Reserved Bit 6: If set, Set Features subcommand required to spin-up after power-up Bit 5: If set, Power-Up In Standby feature set enabled Bit 4: Obsolete Bit 3: If set, Advanced Power Management feature set enabled Bit 2: If set, CFA Feature Set enabled Bit 1: If set, Read/Write DMA Queued command supported Bit 0: If set, Download Microcode command supported

87 Commands and feature sets supported or enabled

Bit 15: Shall be cleared to zero Bit 14: Shall be set to 1 Bit 13: If set, Idle Immediate with Unload Feature supported Bit 12: Reserved Bit 11: Reserved Bit 9-10: Obsolete Bit 8: If set, 64-bit World wide name supported Bit 7: If set, Write DMA Queued FUA EXT command supported Bit 6: If set, Write DMA FUA EXT and Write Multiple FUA EXT commands supported Bit 5: If set, General Purpose Logging Feature Set supported Bit 4: Obsolete Bit 3: If set, Media Card Pass Through Command feature set supported Bit 2: If set, Media serial number is valid Bit 1: If set, SMART Self-Test supported Bit 0: If set, SMART Error Logging supported

88 Ultra DMA modes

89 Bit 15-8: Reserved

90 Bit 15-8: Reserved

91 Current APM level value XXXXh

92 Master Password Identifier XXXXh

93 Hardware reset result 0

94 Obsolete 0

95 Stream Minimum Request Size 0

96 Stream Transfer Time - DMA 0

97 Stream Access Latency -DMA and PIO 0

98-99 Stream Performance Granularity (Dword) 0

Bit 15: Reserved Bit 14: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 6 is selected Bit 13: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 5 is selected Bit 12: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 4 is selected Bit 11: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 3 is selected Bit 10: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 2 is selected Bit 9: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 1 is selected Bit 8: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 0 is selected Bit 7: Reserved Bit 6: Ultra DMA mode 6 supported Bit 5: Ultra DMA mode 5 supported Bit 4: Ultra DMA mode 4 supported Bit 3: Ultra DMA mode 3 supported Bit 2: Ultra DMA mode 2 supported Bit 1: Ultra DMA mode 1 supported Bit 0: Ultra DMA mode 0 supported

Bit 7-0: Time required for Normal Erase mode SECURITY ERASE UNIT command

1011 11XX 01X0 X001b

0110 0001 0010 0011b

6123h

XXXX XXXX 0111 1111b

XX7Fh

BDh (2 TB)

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AT Command Set WD Green MB500M-6Gb

100-103 Total number of User Addressable Logical Sectors (QWord) WD20NPVT (3,907,029,168)

104 Streaming Transfer Time - PIO 0

105 Maximum number of 512 byte blocks per Data Set

106 Physical sector size / logical sector size

107 Inter-seek delay for ISO 7779 standard acoustic testing 0

108-111 World Wide Name XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

112-115 Reserved 0

116 Reserved for TLC 0

117-118 Logical Sector size (DWord) 0

119 Commands and feature sets supported (Continued from words

120 Commands and feature sets supported (Continued from words

121-126 Reserved 0

127 Obsolete 0

128 Security Status

129-159 Vendor Specific 0

Management command

Bit 15 Shall be cleared to zero Bit 14 Shall be set to one Bit 13 if set, Device has multiple logical sectors per physical sector. Bit 12 if set, Device Logical Sector longer than 256 Words Bits 11-4 Reserved Bits 3-0 2X logical sectors per physical sector

82-84)

Bit 15: Cleared to zero Bit 14: Shall be set to one Bit 13-8: Reserved Bit 7: If set, Extended Power Conditions feature set supported Bit 6: If set, Sense Data Reporting supported Bit 5: If set, Free-fall Control feature set is supported Bit 4: If set, DOWNLOAD MICROCODE with offsets is supported Bit 3: If set, READ and WRITE DMA EXT GPL optional commands are supported Bit 2: If set, WRITE UNCORRECTABLE EXT supported Bit 1: If set, Write-Read-Verify feature set is supported Bit 0: Reserved for DDT

85-87)

Bit 15-9: Reserved Bit 8: Security level (0 = High, 1 = Maximum) Bit 7-6: Reserved Bit 5: If set, Enhanced Security Erase supported Bit 4: If set, Security count expired Bit 3: If set, Security Frozen Bit 2: If set, Security Locked Bit 1: If set, Security enabled Bit 0: If set, Security supported

WD15NPVT (2,930,277,168)

6003h

0100 0000 0001 1000b

4018h

0100 0000 0001 1000b

4018h

0000 000X 001X XXX1b

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb AT Command Set

160 CFA power mode

Bit 15: Word 160 supported Bit 14: Reserved Bit 13: CFA power mode Bit 12: CFA power mode 1 disable Bit 11-0: Maximum current in ma

161-167 Reserved for the CompactFlash™ Association 0

168 Device Nominal Form Factor

Bit 15-4: Reserved Bit 3-0: Device Nominal Form Factor

169 Data Set Management Command

Bit 15-1: Reserved Bit 0: if set, the Trim bit in the Data Set Management command supported

170-173 Additional Product Identifier 0

174-175 Reserved 0

176-205 Current Media Serial number 0

206 SCT Command Transport

Bit 15-12: Vendor Specific Bit 11-6: Reserved Bit 5: If set, SCT Data tables command supported Bit 4: If set, SCT Features Control command supported Bit 3: If set, SCT Error Recovery Control command supported Bit 2: If set, SCT Write Same command supported Bit 1: If set, Obsolete Bit 0: If set, SCT Command Transport supported

207-208 Reserved 0

209 Alignment of logical blocks within a physical block

Bit 15: Shall be cleared to zero Bit 14: Shall be set to one Bits 13-0: Logical sector offset within the first physical sector where the first logical sector is placed.

210-211 Write-Read-Verify Sector Count Mode 3 0

212-213 Write-Read-Verify Sector Count Mode 2 0

214 NV Cache Capabilities

Bit 15-12: NV Cache feature set version Bit 11-8: NV Cache Power Mode feature set version Bit 7-5: Reserved Bit 4: If set, NV Cache feature set enable Bit 3-2: Reserved Bit 1: If set, NV Cache Power Mode feature set enable Bit 0: if set, NV Cache Power Mode feature set supported

215-216 NV Cache Size in Logical Blocks 0

217 Nominal media rotation rate 1480h

218 Reserved 0

219 NV Cache Options

Bit 15-8: Reserved Bit 7-0: Device Estimate Time to spin up in seconds

220 Bit 15-8: Reserved

Bit 7-0: Write-Read-Verify feature set current mode

221 Reserved 0

222 Transport major version number

0000h or FFFFh=device does not report version Bit 12-15: Transport Type (0h=Parallel 1h=Serial 2hFh=Reserved) Bit 6-11: Reserved (Parallel, Serial) Bit 5: Reserved SATA Rev. 3.0 Bit 4: Reserved SATA Rev. 2.6 Bit 3: Reserved SATA Rev. 2.5 Bit 2 : Reserved SATA II: Extensions Bit 1: ATA/ATAPI-7 SATA 1.0a Bit 0: ATA8-APT ATA8-AST

223 Transport minor version number 0

0111 0000 0011 0101b

0001 0000 0011 1110b

7035h

4000h

103Eh

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224-229 Reserved 0

230-233 Extended Number of User Addressable Sectors (Qword) 0

234 Minimum number of 512-byte data blocks per DOWNLOAD

235 Maximum number of 512-byte data blocks per DOWNLOAD

236-254 Reserved 0

255 Integrity Word

MICROCODE command for mode 03h

Bit 15-8: Checksum Bit 7-0: Signature

0001h

1000h

XXA5h

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb AT Command Set

4.4 Set Features (EFh)

The Set Features command enables or disables the features listed in the following table

FUNCTION FEATURES

Enable read look-ahead

Disable read look-ahead

Enable write cache

Disable write cache

Set Transfer Mode 03h Don’t care

Enable use of Serial ATA Feature 10h 02h-DMA Setup FIS Auto-Activate optimization

Disable use of Serial ATA Feature 90h 02h-DMA Setup FIS Auto-Activate optimization

Enable the PUIS feature set

Disablethe PUIS feature set

PUIS feature set device spinup

Enable/disable reverting to defaults

Changes are only valid while power remains applied to the drive. After power is cycled, the drive reverts to the default

settings.

1 1

AAh Don’t care

55h Don’t care

02h Don’t care

82h Don’t care

06h Don’t care

86h Don’t care

07h Don’t care

66h Don’t care

SECTOR COUNT REGISTER

03h-Device-initiated interface power state transitions 06h-Software Settings Preservation

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Installation and Setup Procedures WD Green MB500M-6Gb

5.0 INSTALLATION AND SETUP PROCEDURES

Hard drives are precision instruments that must be handled with care to prevent damage. It is important to understand that drives are typically damaged due to electrostatic discharge (ESD), pressing on the top cover, rough handling, or shock and vibration. Also refer to the WD 2.5-inch Hard Drive Handling poster (part number 2378-701047) for details on drive handling.

Important: If your system does not support hot plugging (see “Hot Plug Support” on page 17), it must

be turned off and unplugged before installing your hard drive.

5.1 Unpacking

5.1.1 Handling Precautions

WD products are designed to withstand normal handling during unpacking and installation. Take care to avoid excessive mechanical shock, pressing on the top cover, or electrostatic discharge (ESD) which can permanently damage the hard drive and void the warranty. Hard drives are typically damaged because of ESD, rough handling, or shock and vibration.

Figure 5-1. Drive Handling Precautions

Hard drives are delicate, precision instruments and should be handled with care at all times. Hard drives are typically damaged by rough handling, shock, vibration, and electrostatic discharge (ESD).

Handle the Drive ONLY by its Sides

DO NOT Press on the Top Cover of the Drive

To avoid ESD problems, wear a properly grounded wrist strap when handling the hard drive. Articles of clothing generate static electricity. Do not allow clothing to come in direct contact with the hard drive or circuit board components.

When the drive is not in its shipping container or installed in its proper host enclosure, it must remain in the antistatic bag. To prevent damage, do not unpack your drive until you are ready to install it.

CAUTION:To avoid damage to internal drive components, do not apply a load greater than

2.6 lbf to a circular 10 mm diameter area anywhere on the top cover. Chassis design should allow for sufficient clearance and support to prevent loads from being transferred to the drive top cover.

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Installation and Setup Procedures

5.1.2 Inspection of Shipping Container

Carefully examine the container for obvious shipping damage, such as: holes, signs of crushing, or stains. Notify the carrier and your WD representative if you observe any shipment damage. Always move the shipping container in the upright position indicated by the arrows on the container.

5.1.3 Removal From Shipping Container

Remove the drive from the shipping container only for inspection or installation. Carefully open the box. When removing the drive from the box, follow these precautions:

 Grasp the drive by the sides only; avoid touching the circuit board components.

 Gently place the drive on its antistatic bag on a clean, level, grounded work area.

 Do not stack drives or stand the drive on its edge.

CAUTION:When removing the drive from the shipping container, be careful not to drop it.

Dropping the drive can severely damage the head disk assembly or printed circuit board.

5.1.4 Removal From Static Shielding Bag

Before removing the drive from its static shielding bag:

 Make sure that your work station is properly grounded.

 Wear a properly grounded wrist strap with good skin contact.

 Avoid contact with any component on the printed circuit board.

Figure 5-2. Hard Drive Removal From Static Shielding Bag

After attaching your wrist strap, gently remove the drive from the static shielding bag.

 Handle the drive by the sides only; avoid touching the printed circuit board.

 Handle the drive with the printed circuit board facing downward during installation.

 The unit should not be moved during drive activity.

 The unit is not intended as a portable device.

 Do not attempt to open the drive and service it yourself. Removing the cover may expose you to

harmful electrical voltages and will void the warranty.

 To allow ventilation, do not block the air slots on the underside and rear of the enclosure.

 Do not remove the tape seal or any labels from the drive; this will void the warranty.

5.1.5 Moving Precautions

If you need to move your computer, turn off the power to automatically unload the heads. Unloading moves the heads to a safe, non-data landing zone where they lock into place. This helps protect the media and the heads from accidental damage due to vibration, moving, or shipping.

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Installation and Setup Procedures WD Green MB500M-6Gb

5.2 Bare Drive Handling External Force

To avoid damage to internal drive components, do not apply a load greater than 2.6 lbf to a circular 10 mm diameter area anywhere on the top cover.

5.3 Mounting Restrictions

Important: Your system must be turned off and unplugged before installing your hard drive.

5.3.1 Orientation

You can mount the hard drive in the X, Y, or Z axis, depending upon the physical design of your system. For best results, mount the drive with all four screws grounded to the chassis. If all four screws are not used, see "Grounding" on page 39.

5.3.2 Screw Type and Screw Length Limitations

The hard drive should be mounted to the chassis using four M3 screws. Recommended screw torque is 5 in-lb. Maximum screw torque is 6 in-lb.

CAUTION: Screws that are too long can damage the hard drive. Hard drive screw

penetration can differ between products depending upon hard drive design. WD's minimum design criteria is to always meet the SFF 8201 industry standard specification. The industry standard as defined in the SFF 8201, specifies for Side Mounting a maximum of 3 mm screw penetration, and a minimum of 3 threads engagement, for Bottom Mounting a maximum of 2.5 mm screw penetration, and a minimum of 2.5 threads engagement.

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Installation and Setup Procedures

5.3.3 Grounding

For best results, mount the drive with all four screws in the side grounded to the chassis (positions A, B, C, and D below). You must ground the drive with at least one mounting screw in position A (side mounting) or position 1 (top face mounting).

When mounting the drive in a chassis or system, the chassis or system should never contact the crosshatched area “E” to prevent electrical shorting of the PCBA or drive. Contact should be limited to the side mounting (A,B,C, and D) or top facing mounting (1, 2, 3, and 4).

Figure 5-3. Grounding Diagram

Side Mounting – Use four metal screws in A, B, C, and D. If less than four screws are used, remove in this order: C, D, and then B. You must use a screw in position A.

Top face Mounting–Use four metal screws in 1, 2, 3 and 4. If less than four screws are used, remove in this order: 2, 4, and then 3. You must use a screw in position 1.

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Installation and Setup Procedures WD Green MB500M-6Gb

5.4 Jumper Settings

It is not necessary to put a jumper shunt on the drive for notebook use. Advanced settings for the drive are as follows:

SSC Mode – Spread spectrum clocking feature. Default setting is disabled.

RPS Mode – RPS feature. Default setting is disabled

Figure 5-4. Jumper Settings for WD SATA Hard Drives

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Maintenance

6.0 MAINTENANCE

The hard drive requires no preventative maintenance and contains no user-serviceable parts. The service and repair of WD drives can only be performed at a WD Service Center. Please contact your WD representative for warranty information and service/return procedures.

Observe the following precautions to prolong the life of the drive:

 Do not attempt to open the sealed compartment of the WD drive as this will void the warranty.

 Do not lift a WD drive by the printed circuit board.

 Avoid static discharge when handling a WD drive.

 Avoid harsh shocks or vibrations.

 Do not touch the components on the printed circuit board.

 Do not obstruct or cover any holes on the drive’s cover. Air must be able to pass through these holes to the

external air filter for normal operation of the drive.

 Observe the environmental limits specified for this product.

 To protect your data, back it up regularly. WD assumes no responsibility for loss of data. For information

about back-up and restore procedures, consult your operating system manual. There are also a number of utility programs available that you can use to back up your data.

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Technical Support WD Green MB500M-6Gb

7.0 TECHNICAL SUPPORT

NORTH AMERICA

US/Canada

Monday - Thursday 8:00 am - 9:00 pm

Friday - Sunday 8:00 am - 7:00 pm

EUROPE

Central European Time (CET) 00800.27549338 (toll-free where available) or +31.880062100

Monday - Thursday 9:00 am - 7:00 pm

Friday 9:00 am - 5:00 pm

(Central Time)

7.1 WD Online Services

WD provides a wide variety of technical support services on our Internet site at http://support.wd.com.

800.ASK.4WDC (800.275.4932)

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Glossary

8.0 GLOSSARY

Active LED Status - WD SATA drives support external LED requirements. It provides an activity LED output which is ON during command execution and OFF otherwise.

Advanced Format (AF) — Technology adopted by WD and other drive manufacturers to increase media format efficiencies, thus enabling larger drive capacities.

Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) - A method of measuring failure rates or trends for a group of units at a site. The rates are based on the monthly total number of returned field failure units divided by the total cumulative installed base and multiplied by 12 (to annualize the failure rate).

Automatic Defect Retirement - If defective sectors are found during a read or write, they are automatically mapped out and relocated.

Block - A group of bytes handled, stored, and accessed as a logical data unit, such as an individual file record.

Buffer - A temporary data storage area that compensates for a difference in data transfer rates and/or data

processing rates between sender and receiver.

Data Lifeguard™ — Representing WD's ongoing commitment to data protection, Data Lifeguard data protection utilities include thermal management, an environmental protection system, and embedded error detection and repair features that automatically detect, isolate, and repair problem areas that may develop over the extended use of the hard drive.

Data Transfer Rate -The rate that digital data is transferred from one point to another, expressed in bits per second or bytes per second.

Defect Management -A general methodology of eliminating data errors on a recording surface by mapping out known bad areas of the media.

ECC On-the-Fly -A hardware correction technique that corrects errors in the read buffer prior to host transfer without any performance penalties. These error corrections are invisible to the host system because they do not require assistance from the drive’s firmware.

Error Correction Code (ECC) -A mathematical algorithm that can detect and correct errors in a data field by adding check bits to the original data.

F.I.T. (Functional Integrity Testing) - A suite of tests WD performs on all its drive products to ensure compatibility with different hosts, operating systems, application programs, and peripherals. This testing must be performed before the product can be released to manufacturing.

Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB) - A bearing design that allows ultra-low rotational drag while providing high lateral stiffness to steadily hold the spinning center of the diskpack for high-accuracy of reading and writing of data.

Formatted Capacity - The actual capacity available to store data in a mass storage device. The formatted capacity is the gross capacity minus the capacity taken up by the overhead data required for formatting the media.

Hot Plugging - The ability to swap out a failed hard drive without having to power down the system or reboot.

Latency - The period of time that the read/write heads wait for the disk to rotate the data to an accessible

position. For a disk rotating at 5400 RPM, the average latency is 5.5 milliseconds.

Logical Address - A storage location address that may or may not relate directly to a physical location. The logical address is usually used when requesting information from a controller. The controller performs a logicalto-physical address conversion and retrieves the data from a physical location in the storage device.

Logical Block Address - An alternative addressing methodology of identifying a given location on an SATA drive that permits disk sizes greater than 528 MB.

Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR) - In PMR, the magnetization of each data bit is aligned vertically rather than longitudinally to the spinning disk. The adjacent bits attract instead of repel (as with bar magnets placed side by side), creating more thermally stable bits.

PRML (Partial Response Maximum Likelihood) - A read channel using sampled data, active equalization and Veterbi detection to accurately retrieve the user data off the disk.

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Glossary WD Green MB500M-6Gb

RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) — WD hard drive products manufactured and sold worldwide after June 8, 2011, meet or exceed Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) compliance requirements as mandated by the RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU. RoHS aims to protect human health and the environment by restricting the use of certain hazardous substances in new equipment, and consists of restrictions on lead, mercury, cadmium, and other substances.

Rotational Latency - The amount of delay in obtaining information from a hard drive that can be attributed to the rotation of the disk.

RPM (Revolutions per Minute) - Rotational speed of the media (disk), also known as the spindle speed. Hard drives spin at one constant speed. The slower the RPM, the higher the mechanical latencies. Disk RPM is a critical component of hard drive performance because it directly impacts the rotational latency of the disk transfer rate.

Serial ATA (SATA) - SATA is the next generation bus interface for hard drives. It is designed to replace Parallel ATA, and has many advantages including increased transfer rate, improved signal integrity, enhanced data protection, and hot plugging.

Sector - A 512- or 4K-byte packet of data.

Seek Time - The time it takes for the read/write head to move to a specific block of data on the hard drive. The

average seek time is computed by dividing the time it takes to complete a large number of random seeks by the number of seeks performed.

Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.) - A technology to assist the user in preventing possible system down time due to hard drive failure.

S.M.A.R.T. Command Transport (SCT) — The SCT Command Transport feature set provides a method for a host to send commands and data to a device and for a device to send data and status to a host using log pages.

System-on-Chip - The System-on-Chip (SOC) is the foundation for WD's next generation electronics and firmware architecture. The native SATA SOC lowers component count by integrating a hard disk controller, high performance processor, high speed execution SRAM, and read channel in a 128-pin package.

Unrecoverable Error - A read error that cannot be overcome by an ECC scheme or by rereading the data when host retries are enabled.

World Wide Name (WWN) — The World Wide Name (WWN) defined in ATA/ATAPI-7 is a modification of the IEEE extended unique identifier 64 bit standard (EUI-64) and is comprised of three major components: naming authority, organizationally unique identifier (OUI) and serial number. WD's OUI is 0014EEh.

Write Cache - A feature in CacheFlow that posts “command complete” prior to completing the actual write.

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WD Green MB500M-6Gb Index

INDEX

—A—

Acoustics, 10, 11 Active LED Status, 18 Activity indication, 18 Actuator Type, 4 Advanced Formatting, 1, 12, 13, 21 Advanced formatting, 42 Agency Approvals, 11 Annualized Failure Rate, 42 Atmospheric Pressure, 10 Automatic Acoustic Management (AAM), 21 Automatic Defect Retirement, 17

—B—

Buffer Size, 3 Bytes per Sector, 4

—C—

Cabling, 7 CacheFlow6, 18 Commands

SCT, 23 Component Design Life, 10 Cooling, 10

Airflow, 10 Current Requirements, 7

—D—

Data Lifeguard, 15 Data Surfaces, 4 Data Transfer Rate, 3 Defect Management, 17 Dimensions, 5

—E—

ECC, 4 Error Recovery Process, 17

—F—

Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB), 13, 18

—G—

Glossary, 42 Grounding, 38

—H—

Host Interface Commands, 21

Identify Drive, 27

S.M.A.R.T., 23

Set Features, 34 Hot Plug Support, 17

—I—

Input Voltage Requirements, 7 Installation and Setup, 35 IntelliPower, 13 Internal Environmental Protection System, 16

—J—

Jumper Settings, 39

Jumper Settings Diagram, 39

—L—

Latency, 3 LED

active status, 18 activity indication, 18

Load/unload cycles, 3 Logical Block Addressing

48-bit, 19

—M—

Maintenance, 40 Model number specification, 11 Mounting Restrictions

Orientation, 37 Screw Size Limitations, 37

—P—

Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR), 14 Power Conservation, 20 Power Dissipation, 7, 9

—R—

Read Cache, 19 Recording Method, 4 Reliability features set, 15 Ripple, 7 RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances), 10 Rotational Speed, 3

—S—

S.M.A.R.T., 20 S.M.A.R.T. Command Transport (SCT), 14 SATA 1.5 Gb/s, 13 SATA 3 Gb/s, 13 SCT, 14 SCT commands, 23 SCT feature set

read/write long, 15 temperature reporting, 15 write same, 14

Security Mode, 20

Passwords, 20

Security Levels, 20 Servo Type, 4 Shock, 8

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Index WD Green MB500M-6Gb

Specifications, 3

Electrical, 7 Environmental, 8 Mechanical, 6 Performance, 3 Physical, 4

Reliability, 10 Spindle Start Time, 3 Staggered Spinup, 18 System-on-Chip (SOC), 14

—T—

Technical Support, 41

Online Services, 41 Temperature

airflow, 10

cooling, 10

thermocouple location, 9 Temperature and Humidity, 9 Thermal Management, 16 Thermocouple location, 9

—U—

Unpacking

Container Inspection, 36

Drive Removal - Container, 36

Drive Removal - Static Shielding Bag, 36

Handling Precautions, 35

Moving Precautions, 36 User Sectors per Drive, 4

—V—

Vibration, 8

—W—

Write Cache, 19

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