Volvo 780 1990 Owner Manual
Volvo 1990 780 Model
1990 780 Owner's Manual
U.S.A. & Canada
Essential Information
Please take the time to fill out the forms on this page. When completed, these forms will provide
information essential to the proper servicing and ordering of parts for your Volvo.
Owner
Name_________
Address_______
City, State____Zip/Code_____
Tel. No________
Notice:
Your Volvo is designed to meet all applicable safety and emission standards, as evidenced by the
certification labels attached to the door opening sheet metal and on the left wheel housing in the engine
compartment. For further information regarding these regulations, please contact your dealer.
Vehicle Information (see "Label information" section)
Vehicle License Number_____
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)_____
Service Designation Number_____
Engine Designation_____ See "Specifications" section
Color Code_____
Upholstery_____
Tire designation_____ See "Tires" section
Vehicle Capacity_____
© VOLVO NORTH AMERICA CORPORATION
pg. 1 Contents
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pg. 4
Introduction
pg. 6
Instruments and controls
pg. 25
Body and interior
pg. 41
Starting and driving
pg. 60
Wheels and tires
pg. 63
In case of emergency
pg. 81
Car care
pg. 89
Service and routine
maintenance
pg.
108
Specifications
You should be familiar with the information in the first two chapters before you operate the car.
Information contained in the balance of the manual is extremely useful and should be studied shortly
after operating the vehicle for the first time. The manual is structured so that it can be used for reference.
It should thus be kept in the car for ready access.
All information, illustrations and specifications contained in this manual are based on the latest product
information available at the time of publication. Volvo reserves the right to make model changes at any
time, or to change specifications or design, without notice and without incurring obligation.
pg. 2 This manual deals with the operation and care of your Volvo.
Welcome to the world-wide family of Volvo owners. We trust that you will enjoy many years of safe
driving in your Volvo, an automobile designed with your safety and comfort in mind. To help ensure
your satisfaction with this vehicle, we encourage you to familiarize yourself with the equipment
descriptions, operating instructions and maintenance requirements/recommendations in this manual. We
also urge you and your passengers to wear seat belts at all times in this (or any other) automobile. And,
of course, please do not operate a vehicle if you may be affected by alcohol, medication or any
impairment that could hinder your ability to drive.
Your Volvo is designed to meet all applicable safety and emission standards, as evidenced by the
certification labels attached to the driver's door opening and on the left wheel housing in the engine
compartment. For further information please contact your dealer.
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pg. 3 Seatbelts: "Something We Believe In"
Despite our strongest recommendations, and your best intentions, not wearing a seat belt is like
believing "It'll never happen to me!". Volvo urges you and all adult occupants of your car to wear seat
belts and ensure that children are properly restrained, using an infant, car or booster seat determined by
age, weight and height.
Fact: In every state and province, some type of child-restraint legislation has been passed. Additionally,
most states and provinces have already made it mandatory for occupants of a car to use seat belts.
So, urging you to "buckle up" is not just our recommendation - legislation in your state or province may
mandate seat belt usage. The few seconds it takes to buckle up may one day allow you to say, "It's a
good thing I was wearing my seat belt".
pg. 4 Introduction
This Owner's manual provides information on driving and maintaining your Volvo
It should be noted that there are certain differences among model versions and market requirements;
thus, you may find features described and/or pictured in this manual that do not appear on your car.
Should you require more detailed information with regard to adjustments or repairs please contact your
Volvo dealer.
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Do not export your Volvo to another country before investigating that country's applicable safety and
exhaust emission requirements. In some cases it may be difficult or impossible to comply with these
requirements. Modifications to the emission control system(s) may render you Volvo not certifiable
for legal operation in the U.S., Canada, and other countries.
pg. 5 Keys
Owner's key
This key operates all locks in the
vehicle
Service key
Front doors
Starting (ignition)/Steering wheel lock
Number tag
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The key number codes are stamped on a separate tag supplied with the keys. This tag should be
separated from the key ring and kept in a safe place.
The back of the tag is coated with adhesive tape. In the event the original keys are lost, duplicates may
be ordered from your Volvo dealer. The central locking system is described in detail in section Doors
and locks.
Contents | Top of Page
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Instruments and controls
pg. 6 Instruments, Switches and controls
pg. 7 Instruments, switches and controls
pg. 21
1 Air louver
pg. 14
2 Headlights, parking lights
pg. 14,pg.
16
3 Turn signals, Cruise Control
pg. 14
4 Hazard warning lights
pg. 8
5 Instruments
pg. 15
6 Wiper/washer
pg. 21
7 Air louvers
pg. 21
8 Heating and air conditioning
pg. 13
9 Audio cassette/tuner
pg. 18
10 Cigarette lighter
pg. 18
11 Ash tray
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pg. 19
12 Electrically-heated driver's seats
pg. 19
13 Electrically-heated passenger seat
pg. 18
14 Parking brake
pg. 17
15 Rear fog lamps
pg. 17
16 Fog lights
pg. 20
17 Power antenna
pg. 43
18 Fuel cap cover
- 19 Horn
pg. 15
20 Starting switch/steering wheel lock
pg. 27
21 Electrically operated moon roof
pg. 19
22 Rear window/rear view mirror
demister
pg. 37
23 Hood release handle
pg. 20
24 Electrically operated windows
pg. 26
Electrically operated rear view mirrors
pg. 34
Electrically operated door locks
pg. 39
25 Electrically operated front seat
The pages in this section provide detailed descriptions of the vehicle's instruments and controls.
Note that vehicles may be equipped differently, depending on special legal requirements, etc.
pg. 8 Instruments
1 Volt meter
2 Fuel gauge
3 Clock reset knob
4 Quartz crystal clock
5 Speedometer
6 Trip computer
7 Trip odometer reset knob
8 Odometer
9 Tachometer
10 Instrument panel lamps rheostat
11 Coolant temperature gauge
12 Oil temperature gauge - or Boost gauge (Turbo models)
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Note: Canadian model speedometers/odometers indicate kilometers only.
pg. 9 Instruments (cont.)
Quartz crystal clock
To reset the hands, push in the reset knob and turn.
Tachometer
Reads thousands of engine rpm.
Engine should not be operated in red range.
Trip odometer
Used for measuring shorter distances. Last figure represents 1/10 mile or km. A black number on a white background = original
instrument. A red number on a white background = replacement instrument.
Trip odometer reset knob
Push in to reset.
Coolant temperature gauge
The pointer should be approximately midway on the gauge face when driving.
CAUTION: If the pointer approaches the red range repeatedly, check coolant level and fan belt tension. See sections "Coolant" and
"Drive belts".
WARNING! Allow engine to cool before adding
coolant.
If the pointer stays in the red range, do not drive the car. Call Road Assistance.
Fuel gauge
The total fuel tank capacity is approx. 21.1 US gals (80 liters).
The red range represents approx. 2.4 US gals. (9 liters). See "Refueling" for further information.
Instrument panel lamps rheostat
Clockwise = brighter
Counterclockwise = dimmer.
Oil temperature gauge (B280F)
This instrument shows the engine oil temperature which varies with the ambient temperature, rpm, load and speed.
Normal oil temperature: 140 - 250°F.
The sender is installed in the oil sump drain plug hole.
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Voltmeter
The voltmeter indicates the voltage in the electrical system and thereby also the state of the battery. While the car is being driven the
pointer should be within the black field. Should the pointer point to the upper or lower red field when driving, this may indicate some
fault in the electrical system.
Boost pressure gauge (B230F-Turbo)
The boost pressure gauge is divided into sections.
Black section : The engine acts as a normally-aspirated engine. Best fuel economy is achieved while driving in this range.
Yellow section: The turbo is providing boost pressure.
pg. 10 Indicator and warning lights
1 Turn signal, left
2 Turn signal , right
3 (Not connected)
4 (Not connected)
5 ABS malfunction
6 Service reminder light
7 SRS (Supplemental Restraint System)
8 Low engine oil pressure
9 Alternator not charging
10 (Not connected)
11 High beams
12 Brake failure
13 Parking brake applied
14 Bulb failure
15 Low washer fluid level
If the lamp glows continuously when the engine
is running, there is only about 1/2 - 1 US qts.
remaining in the washer fluid reservoir.
16 4th gear disengaged
17 Fasten seat belts
18 Check engine (780 Turbo)
pg. 11 Warning lights
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The warning lights described on this page should never be on when driving
Alternator warning light
If the light comes on while the engine is running, check the tension of the generator drive belt as soon as possible.
NOTE: This warning lights is illuminated if the alternator is not charging. However, parking brake, brake failure and bulb failure
warning lights will be illuminated at the same time due to the design of the system.
Oil pressure warning light
If the light comes on while driving, the oil pressure is too low. Stop the car and then stop the engine immediately. Do not drive the
vehicle. See the section titled "Engine oil". After hard driving, the light will come on occasionally when the engine is idling. This is
normal, provided it goes off when the engine speed is increased.
Bulb failure warning light
The light will come on if any of the following bulbs are defective:
one of the low beam headlights
one of the tail lights
one of the brake lights (when the brake pedal is depressed)
Check the fuse and bulb.
See sections titled "Replacing bulbs" and "Fuses".
Should the warning light come on after a defective outside bulb has been replaced, the corresponding bulb on the other side of the car
should also be replaced.
Parking brake reminder light
This light will be on when the parking brake (hand brake) is applied. The parking brake lever is situated between the front seats.
Canadian models are equipped with this warning light:
Brake failure warning light
If the light comes on while driving and the brake pedal can be depressed further than normal, it is an indication that one of the brake
circuits is not functioning.
Stop immediately, open the hood and check the brake fluid level (see section "Brake fluid, power steering").
WARNING! Fluid level below MIN mark: Do NOT drive. Tow car to shop for check/repair of brake
system.
Fluid level between MIN and MAX mark: proceed immediately and with caution to a Volvo dealer for an inspection of the brake
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system.
Canadian models are equipped with this warning light:
pg. 12 Warning lights (cont.)
Anti-lock Brake System (ABS)
The Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) is designed to improve vehicle control (i.e. stopping and steering) during severe braking
conditions by limiting wheel lock-up. When the system "senses" impending wheel lock-up, braking pressure is automatically
modulated in order to help prevent lock-up, which could lead to skid. While the system is modulating braking pressure, the driver may
detect a pulsation of the brake pedal. The on/off switching of the ABS modulator may also be audible. This is normal.
Please be aware that ABS does not increase the absolute braking potential of the vehicle. Thus, while control will be enhanced, ABS
will not shorten stopping distances on slippery surfaces.
NOTE:
If the warning lamp light up there is a malfunction of the ABS system (the standard braking system will however function), and the
car should be driven to a Volvo dealer for inspection.
Canadian models are equipped with this warning light:
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)
If the light comes on (or stays on after the vehicle has started), the SRS diagnostic system has detected a fault. Take the car to an
authorized Volvo dealer for an inspection of the system. See the SRS section for more information.
Service reminder indicator
This light will come on at 5000 mile (8000 km) intervals. It is a reminder to the driver that the 5000 mile (8000 km) service interval
has been exceeded. The light will stay on 2 minutes after the start until reset by the servicing dealer.
Check Engine warning light (780 Turbo)
If the light comes on (or stays on after the vehicle has started), the Engine Check diagnostic system has detected a fault. Drive to an
authorized Volvo dealer for inspection.
Canadian models are equipped with this warning light:
Contents | Top of Page
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pg. 13 Audio Cassette/Tuner controls and indicators
Operating instructions
For complete operating instructions, maintenance guidelines, and specifications, please consult your
Audio Cassette/Tuner instruction Booklet. The Booklet also contains information on radio reception and
the radio antenna.
Radio antenna mast
NOTE: Always lower the antenna mast when entering an automatic car
wash.
The antenna should be cleaned and lubricated every 5,000 miles (8,000 km).
Multipath distortion
FM signals are typically "line-of-sight" and very reflective. Their reflectivity to objects such as
buildings, mountains or even other passing vehicles causes the condition known as multipath distortion.
This distortion is the result of the reflected signal and the direct signal reaching your antenna at slightly
different times, causing a cancellation of all signals. This condition will sound like hissing or static.
Very little can be done to eliminate this problem, however, lowering the treble on your radio could help
mask these disturbances thereby allowing you to achieve optimum pleasure from your audio system.
pg. 14 Lighting, Turn signals, Hazard warning flasher
Headlights and parking lights
All lights off *
Parking lights on **
Headlights and parking lights are on if starting (ignition) switch is in position I or II.
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If the headlight switch is in position
all lights will go out when starting switch is switched off.
With the headlight switch in position
the parking lights will stay on.
The high beams can only be switched on if the headlight switch is in position
.
Switch from high to low beams, and vice versa, by moving the turn signal switch lever on the left side of
the steering column towards the steering wheel.
* Canada models equipped with Daytime Running lights
The low beams will come on automatically when the engine is started.
Turn signals
1 Lane change position : In maneuvers such as lane changing, the driver can flash the turn signals by
moving the turn signal lever to the first stop and holding it there. The lever will return to the neutral
position when released.
2 Signal lever engaged for normal turns
Note: Defective turn signal bulb will cause turn signal indicator and remaining signal lights to flash
more rapidly than normal.
3 High beam/low beam switch (headlights on)
Move the lever towards the steering wheel and release it.
3 Headlight flasher (headlights off)
Move the lever towards the steering wheel.
The headlight high beam will be on until the lever is released.
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Hazard warning flasher
The four-way flasher should be used to indicate that the vehicle has become a traffic hazard.
NOTE: Regulations regarding the use if the hazard warning flasher may vary from state to
state.
pg. 15 Windshield, wipers/washers, Ignition switch
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Wipers/washer
1 Intermittent wiper.
With switch in this position, the wipers will sweep approximately every seventh second.
2 "Single sweep" position.
Switch returns automatically when released
3 Wipers, low speed.
4 Wipers, high speed
5 Windshield wiper/washer
The wiper will make 2-3 complete sweeps after lever is released.
Starting (ignition) switch/steering wheel lock
The steering wheel lock might be under tension when the car is parked. Turn the steering wheel slightly
to free the ignition key.
A chime will sound if the starting key is left in the ignition lock and the front door on the driver's side
is opened.
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0 Locked position:
remove the key to lock the steering wheel.
I Intermediate position:
heater blower, cigarette lighter, accessories, etc. on.
II Drive position:
key position when engine is running.
III Starting position:
release the key when the engine start. The key returns automatically to the driving
position.
pg. 16 Cruise control
Cruise control
The cruise control switches are located on the turn signal switch lever.
To engage and set desired speed:
1. Set switch (B) to ON.
2. Accelerate to desired cruise speed.
NOTE: The cruise control cannot be engaged at speeds below 22 mph (35 km/
h).
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3. Depress SET SPEED switch (A).
Operating brake pedal
This will automatically disengage the cruise control. Previously selected cruise control speed is retained
in the memory and by momentarily setting the switch to RESUME position, that speed will be reengaged.
WARNING!
The cruise control should not be used in heavy traffic or when driving on wet or slippery roads.
If the gear shift is moved to Neutral while the cruise control is engaged, then depress the brake pedal
momentarily, or set the cruise control switch (B) or OFF. This will disengage the cruise control and
prevent overreving the engine.
Note: When driving on a grade, actual vehicle speed my vary slightly from the set cruise control speed.
Acceleration
Momentary acceleration, such as for passing, does not interrupt cruise control operation. The previously
selected speed will be maintained without having to set switch to RESUME.
If the cruise control is already engaged, the cruising speed can be increased by depressing the SET
button (A). The vehicle will then maintain the current speed.
To disengage the cruise control system : set switch (B) to position OFF, or depress brake pedal.
Switching off the starting (ignition) switch will automatically disengage the cruise control system.
Contents | Top of Page
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pg. 17 Rear fog lights, Front fog lights
Rear fog lights
The rear fog lights are considerably brighter than the normal tail lights and should be used only when the
atmospheric conditions, such as fog, rain, snow, smoke or dust reduce the daytime or nighttime visibility
of other vehicles to less than 500 ft (150 meters). The headlights must be switched on.
Note that the local regulations governing the use of these lights may vary.
Auxiliary front fog lights
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Auxiliary front fog lights can be switched on only with the low-beam headlights on.
pg. 18 Parking brake, Cigarette lighter, Ash trays
Parking brake (hand brake)
The lever is situated between the front seats. The brake is applied to the rear wheels.
WARNING!
Always use the parking brake (hand brake) when parking. On hills, also turn the front wheels toward
the curb.
In order to obtain the best possible performance of the parking brake, the brake linings should be broken
in. See section titled "Brake System".
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Cigarette lighter
To operate, depress the knob fully. When the knob automatically releases, the cigarette lighter is ready
for use.
The starting (ignition) switch must be switched on (position I or II) for the cigarette lighter to function.
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Ash trays
To remove the ash trays depress the center spring and remove.
pg. 19 Rear window demister, Heated front seats
Rear window demister
Heated side-view mirrors
Depress the switch to start heating of rear window and side mirrors. Both orange control lights in the
switch will light.
A timer switches off the side mirror heating after approx. 6 minutes and the rear window demister after
12 minutes or when the ignition key is switched off.
The control lights go out correspondingly. Depressing the switch while any control light is no will
disengage all heating.
Depressing the switch after the control lights have gone out will restart the heating cycle.
CAUTION: Do not place items that may damage the printed circuit against the inner surface of the
rear window.
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Heated front seats
The heated front seats can be switched on or off as required. When switched on, the seats are heated
until the optimal temperature is reached, at which time the heating switches off automatically.
The passenger seat is only heated when occupied.
pg. 20 Electrically operated windows, Power antenna
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Electrically-operated windows
The electrically operated windows are controlled by switches from the driver's armrest as shown in the
above illustration. The starting (ignition) switches must be ON (position II) for the electrically operated
windows to function. The window is lowered if the rear part of the switch is pressed and raised if the
front part of the switch is pressed.
Warning! Remove the starting (ignition) key when children are left unattended in the
vehicle.
Power antenna
The power antenna switch can be used to retract the antenna when the audio system is turned on. This
permits operation of the cassette drive with the antenna in the down position.
Position A - The antenna extends when the radio is turned on and retracts when the radio is turned off.
Position B - The antenna remains retracted or retracts if the radio is already on.
NOTE:
Always retract the antenna before driving into automatic car washes or any other areas with low
ceilings to avoid damaging or breaking the antenna off.
The power antenna should be cleaned and lubricated every 5,000 miles (8,000 km).
Contents | Top of Page
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pg. 21 Heating and ventilation
ECC- Electronic Climate Control
This is an automatic system that also permits manual operation. The in-car temperature is automatically
monitored by two sensors located in the passenger compartment. One sensor is located on the top of the
dashboard where it can sense sunlight. The second sensor is located on the courtesy light fixture where it
can sense the temperature in the center of the car. The climate control unit enables you to remain
comfortable inside the car even when the ambient temperature is high, but please note that the windows
and moon roof must be closed.
The following pages describe how ECC works and how it can be used most effectively.
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Air louvers (dash)
A Open
B Closed
C Directing air flow horizontally
D Directing air flow vertically
A certain amount of air will always enter through the dash air louvers as long as they are open,
regardless of the position of the air distribution control.
Close the dash air louvers to obtain maximum air flow to floor or windshield.
pg. 22 Heating and ventilation (cont.)
ECC - Electronic Climate Control panel
Fan
0=off
5 = max speed
aut = fan speed automatically regulated
Function selector
Set desired function
This button should normally
be in the aut position.
Temperature dial
Set desired
temperature
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Air in the passenger compartment recirculates.
Will not function in defrost setting. Light is on when function
is engaged.
Air conditioning disengaged when this
button is in the depressed position.
The light has two functions:
● air conditioning disengaged
● fault in system
Function selector
aut=air distribution automatically regulated
Air through panel vents
Defrost. Air to windshield and side windows.
Air to floor, windshield and side windows.
Air through floor vents.
Bi-level. Air through floor and panel vents. Air supplied from panel vents is lightly colder than air
released at foot level.
pg. 23 Heating and ventilation (cont.)
Automatic setting
The ECC system will automatically maintain a comfortable in-car temperature regardless of the outdoor
temperature.
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Select the desired temperature
The fan will run at its maximum speed in either the max cooling or max heating positions.
Optimum defrosting
Set the function dial to
.
The air conditioning light will go on, even if the button is not depressed, to indicate that the air
conditioning system is also activated to dehumidify the air.
When the windows have cleared, set the fan control to position 2.
NOTE:
The air conditioning compressor only engages at temperatures above 41° F (5° C).
Always keep the air intake grille at the base of the windshield free of snow.
Operating Tips
*When the outside air is contaminated with exhaust gases, smoke etc. (as when driving through a
tunnel), push the recirculation button
. In this position, very little air is drawn into the passenger
compartment from outside. However, do not leave the system in this mode for more than 10-15 minutes,
since the air inside the car will become stale and the windows may fog.
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NOTE: Do not place any objects over the sensor in the passenger side speaker grille as this will cause
the ECC system to respond incorrectly to ambient conditions.
ECC system fault indication
If the light in the air conditioning push button begins to flash when the ignition is switched on, a simple
fault is indicated. The system will compensate by substituting a standard value stored in the memory.
System performance loss will be slight.
If the light continues to flash more than 20 seconds, a more serious fault is indicated. While the system
will again attempt to substitute a standard value, some reduction in system performance will become
apparent. Contact your authorized Volvo dealer for service.
pg. 24
blank page
Contents | Top of Page
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Body and interior
pg. 25 Body and interior
pg.
26
Rear-view/side-view mirrors
pg.
27
Interior light, moon roof
pg.
28
Child safety
pg.
30
Seat belts
pg.
32
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)
pg.
34
Doors and locks
pg.
36
Trunk, long load storage
pg.
37
Hood
pg.
38
Passenger compartment, storage
spaces
pg.
39
Front seats
pg. 26 Rear/side-view mirrors, Make-up mirror
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Rear-view mirror
A Normal position
B Night position, reduces glare from following headlights
WARNING!
The mirrors should always be adjusted prior to
driving.
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