Infrared Transceiver Module (SIR, 115.2 kbit/s)
for IrDA
Description
The TFDU4300 is a low profile (2.5 mm) infrared
transceiver module with independent logic reference
voltage (V
compliant to the latest IrDA
for fast infrared data communication, supporting
®
IrDA
speeds up to 115.2 kbit/s (SIR) and carrier
based remote control. The transceiver module consists of a PIN photodiode, an infrared emitter (IRED),
and a low-power control IC to provide a total front-end
solution in a single package.
This device covers an extended IrDA
range of close to 1 m. With an external current control
resistor the current can be adjusted for shorter
ranges.
This Vishay SIR transceiver is built in a new smaller
package using the experiences of the lead frame
BabyFace technology.
®
applications
) for low voltage IO interfacing. It is
logic
®
physical layer standard
®
low power
The RXD output pulse width is independent of the
optical input pulse width and stays always at a fixed
pulse width thus making the device optimum for standard Endecs. TFDU4300 has a tri-state output and is
floating in shut-down mode with a weak pull-up.
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
18065
Features
• Compliant to the latest IrDA® physical
layer specification (9.6 kbit/s to
115.2 kbit/s) and TV Remote Control,
bi-directional operation included.
• Operates from 2.4 V to 5.5 V within specification
over full temperature range from - 30 °C to + 85 °C
• Logic voltage 1.5 V to 5.5 V is independent of
IRED driver and analog supply voltage
• Split power supply, transmitter and receiver can be
operated from two power supplies with relaxed
requirements saving costs, US Patent No.
6,157,476
• Extended IrDA
• Typical Remote Control range 12 m
• Low power consumption
(< 0.12 mA supply current)
• Power shutdown mode (< 5 µA shutdown current
in full temperature range, up to 85 °C)
®
Low Power range to about 70 cm
e3
Applications
• Ideal for battery operated applications
• Telecommunication products
(cellular phones, pagers)
• Digital still and video cameras
• Printers, fax machines, photocopiers, screen
• projectors
• Medical and industrial data collection
• Diagnostic systems
• Surface mount package, low profile (2.5 mm)
- (L 8.5 mm × H 2.5 mm × W 2.9 mm)
• High efficiency emitter
• Low profile (universal) package capable of
surface mount soldering to side and top view
orientation
• Directly interfaces with various Super I/O and controller devices as e.g. TOIM4232
• Tri-state-receiver output, floating in shut down with
a weak pull-up
• Compliant with IrDA background light
specification
• EMI immunity in GSM bands > 300 V/m verified
• Lead (Pb)-free device
• Device in accordance to RoHS 2002/95/EC and
WEEE 2002/96EC
• Notebook computers, desktop PCs,
Palmtop computers (Win CE, Palm PC), PDAs
• Internet TV boxes, video conferencing systems
• External infrared adapters (Dongles)
• Data loggers
• GPS
• Kiosks, POS, Point and Pay devices including
IrFM - applications
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
www.vishay.com
1
TFDU4300
RED C
Vishay Semiconductors
Parts Table
PartDescriptionQty / Reel
TFDU4300-TR1Oriented in carrier tape for side view surface mounting750 pcs
TFDU4300-TR3Oriented in carrier tape for side view surface mounting2500 pcs
TFDU4300-TT1Oriented in carrier tape for top view surface mounting750 pcs
TFDU4300-TT3Oriented in carrier tape for top view surface mounting2500 pcs
Functional Block Diagram
V
logic
Push-Pull
Amplifier
Comparator
Driver
RXD
Vcc2
18282
SD
TXD
Logic
&
Control
Controlled Driver
GND
Pin Description
Pin NumberFunctionDescriptionI/OActive
1V
CC2
IRED Anode
Connect IRED anode directly to the power supply (V
current can be decreased by adding a resistor in series between the
power supply and IRED anode. A separate unregulated power
supply can be used at this pin.
2IRED CathodeIRED Cathode, internally connected to the driver transistor
3TXDThis Schmitt-Trigger input is used to transmit serial data when SD
is low. An on-chip protection circuit disables the LED driver if the
TXD pin is asserted for longer than 300 μs. The input threshold
voltage adapts to and follows the logic voltage swing defined by the
applied V
logic
voltage.
4RXDReceived Data Output, push-pull CMOS driver output capable of
driving standard CMOS or TTL loads. During transmission the RXD
output is inactive. No external pull-up or pull-down resistor is
required. Floating with a weak pull-up of 500 kΩ (typ.) in shutdown
mode. The voltage swing is defined by the applied V
5SDShutdown. The input threshold voltage adapts to and follows the
logic voltage swing defined by the applied V
6V
7V
CC1
logic
V
defines the logic voltage level of the I/O ports to adap the logic
logic
Supply Voltage
voltage swing to the IR controller. The RXD output range is from 0
V to V
, for optimum noise suppression the inputs- logic decision
logic
level is 0.5 x V
logic
8GNDGround
logic
). IRED
CC2
voltage
logic
voltage.
IHIGH
OLOW
IHIGH
I
www.vishay.com
2
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
Pinout
TFDU4300
weight 75 mg
Definitions:
In the Vishay transceiver data sheets the following nomenclature is
used for defining the IrDA
®
operating modes:
SIR: 2.4 kbit/s to 115.2 kbit/s, equivalent to the basic serial infrared
standard with the physical layer version IrPhy 1.0
MIR: 576 kbit/s to 1152 kbit/s
FIR: 4 Mbit/s
VFIR: 16 Mbit/s
MIR and FIR were implemented with IrPhy 1.1, followed by IrPhy
1.2, adding the SIR Low Power Standard. IrPhy 1.3 extended the
Low Power Option to MIR and FIR and VFIR was added with IrPhy
1.4.A new version of the standard in any case obsoletes the former
version.
With introducing the updated versions the old versions are obso-
lete. Therefore the only valid IrDA
®
standard is the actual version
18101
1234
IRED A
IRED C
TXD
56
RXD SD Vcc
7
Vlog
8
GND
IrPhy 1.4 (in Oct. 2002).
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Reference point Ground (pin 8) unless otherwise noted.
Typical values are for DESIGN AID ONLY, not guaranteed nor subject to production testing.
Maximum intensity for class 1IEC60825-1 or EN60825-1,
edition Jan. 2001, operating
below the absolute maximum
ratings
*)
Due to the internal limitation measures the device is a "class 1" device under all conditions.
**)
IrDA specifies the max. intensity with 500 mW/sr.
Note: We apologize to use sometimes in our documentation the abbreviation LED and the word Light Emitting Diode instead of Infrared
Emitting Diode (IRED) for IR-emitters. That is by definition wrong; we are here following just a bad trend.
Typical values are for design aid only, not guaranteed nor subject to production testing and may vary with time.
d1.31.8mm
I
e
*)
(500)
**)
mW/sr
www.vishay.com
4
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
Electrical Characteristics
Transceiver
Tested at T
Typical values are for DESIGN AID ONLY, not guaranteed nor subject to production testing.
Supply voltageRemark: For 2.4 V < V
Idle supply current at V
(receive mode, no signal)
Idle supply current at V
(receive mode, no signal)
Average dynamic supply
current, transmitting
Standby supply currentSD = High, T = 25 °C, E
Standby supply current, V
Operating temperature rangeT
Output voltage low, RXDC
Output voltage high, RXDI
RXD to V
Input voltage low (TXD, SD)V
Input voltage high (TXD, SD)
Input voltage high (TXD, SD)
Input leakage current (TXD, SD) V
Controlled pull down currentSD, TXD = "0" to "1",
Input capacitance (TXD, SD)C
*)
Standard illuminant A
**)
To provide an improved immunity with increasing V
recommended to use the specified min/max values to avoid increased operating current.
= 25 °C, V
amb
CC1
= V
= 2.7 V to 5.5 V unless otherwise noted.
CC2
ParameterTest ConditionsSymbolMinTy p.MaxUnit
V
CC1
2.45.5V
2.6 V at T
< - 25 °C a minor
amb
CC1
<
reduction of the receiver
sensitivity may occur
CC1
logic
SD = Low, E
T
amb
V
CC1
SD = Low, E
T
amb
V
CC1
SD = Low, E
= 1 klx*),
e
= - 25 °C to + 85 °C,
= V
= 2.7 V to 5.5 V
CC2
= 1 klx*),
e
= 25 °C,
= V
= 2.7 V to 5.5 V
CC2
= 1 klx*), V
e
log
,
I
CC1
I
CC1
I
log
pin 7, no signal, no load at RXD
I
= 300 mA, 20 % Duty
IRED
I
CC1
Cycle
= 0 klxI
e
SD = High, T = 70 °CI
SD = High, T = 85 °CI
no signal, no loadI
logic
= 15 pFV
Load
= - 500 μAV
OH
I
= - 250 μA, C
OH
impedanceR
CC1
CMOS level
CMOS level
= 0.9 x V
IN
V
< 0.15 V
IN
**)
**)
logic
, V
, V
logic
Load
logic
logic
= 15 pFV
≥ 2.5 V
< 2.5 V
SD, TXD = "0" to "1",
V
> 0.7 V
IN
logic
the typical threshold level is increasing with V
logic
V
V
I
I
IRTx
I
IRTx
SD
SD
SD
log
A
OL
OH
OH
RXD
IL
IH
IH
ICH
IN
- 30+ 85°C
- 0.50.15 x V
0.8 x V
logic
0.9 x V
logic
400500600kΩ
- 0.50.5V
V
- 0.56V
logic
0.8 x V
logic
- 2+ 2μA
- 101μA
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
90130μA
75μA
1μA
0.65mA
0.1μA
2μA
3μA
1μA
logic
V
+ 0.5V
logic
V
+ 0.5V
logic
6V
+ 150μA
5pF
and set to 0.5 x V
logic
V
logic
. It is
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
www.vishay.com
5
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
Optoelectronic Characteristics
Receiver
Tested at T
Typical values are for DESIGN AID ONLY, not guaranteed nor subject to production testing.
Minimum irradiance E
angular range **)
Maximum Irradiance Ee In
Angular Range ***)
Maximum no detection
irradiance
Rise time of output signal10 % to 90 %, CL = 15 pFt
Fall time of output signal90 % to 10 %, C
RXD pulse width of output signal input pulse length > 1.2 μst
Stochastic jitter, leading edge
Standby /Shutdown delay,
receiver startup time
Latencyt
*)
Equivalent to IrDA® Background Light and Electromagnetic Field Test: Fluorescent Lighting Immunity.
**)
IrDA sensitivity definition: Minimum Irradiance Ee In Angular Range, power per unit area. The receiver must meet the BER specification while the source is operating at the minimum intensity in angular range into the minimum half-angular range at the maximum Link
Length.
***)
Maximum Irradiance Ee In Angular Range, power per unit area. The optical delivered to the detector by a source operating at the
maximum intensity in angular range at Minimum Link Length must not cause receiver overdrive distortion and possible ralated link errors.
If placed at the Active Output Interface reference plane of the transmitter, the receiver must meet its bit error ratio (BER). For more definitions see the document “Symbols and Terminology” on the Vishay Website (http://www.vishay.com/docs/82512/82512.pdf).
= 25 °C, V
amb
CC1
= V
= 2.7 V to 5.5 V unless otherwise noted.
CC2
ParameterTest ConditionsSymbolMinTy p.MaxUnit
in
e
9.6 kbit/s to 115.2 kbit/s
λ = 850 nm - 900 nm
α = 0 °, 15 °
λ = 850 nm - 900 nmE
λ = 850 nm - 900 nm
, tf < 40 ns,
t
r
= 1.6 μs at f = 115 kHz,
t
po
E
e
e
E
e
4
(0.4)
40
(4)
5
(500)
80
(8)
mW/m
(μW/cm
kW/m
(mW/cm2)
mW/m
(μW/cm
no output signal allowed
20100ns
20100ns
1.652.03.0µs
250ns
= 15 pFt
L
input irradiance = 100 mW/m
r(RXD)
f(RXD)
PW
2
,
≤ 115.2 kbit/s
after shutdown active or
150µs
power-on
L
100150µs
2
2)
2
2
2)
www.vishay.com
6
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
Transmitter
Tested at T
Typical values are for DESIGN AID ONLY, not guaranteed nor subject to production testing.
IRED operating current
limitation
Forward voltage of built-in IRED I
Output leakage IRED currentTXD = 0 V, 0 < V
Output radiant intensityα = 0 °, 15 °
Output radiant intensity, angle of
half intensity
Peak - emission wavelength
Spectral bandwidthΔλ45nm
Optical rise time, fall timet
Optical output pulse durationinput pulse width 1.6 < t
Optical overshoot25%
*)
Using an external current limiting resistor is allowed and recommended to reduce IRED intensity and operating current when current
reduction is intended to operate at the IrDA
will allow a power minimized operation at IrDA
**)
Note: Due to this wavelength restriction compared to the IrDA spec of 850 nm to 900 nm the transmitter is able to operate as source for
the standard Remote Control applications with codes as e.g. Phillips RC5/RC6
= 25 °C, V
amb
CC1
= V
= 2.7 V to 5.5 V unless otherwise noted.
CC2
ParameterTest ConditionsSymbolMinTy p.MaxUnit
No external resistor for current
limitation
*)
= 300 mAV
f
< 5.5 VI
CC1
I
D
IRED
I
e
f
250300350mA
1.41.81.9V
- 11µA
3065mW/sr
TXD = High, SD = Low
= 5.0 V, α = 0 °, 15 °
V
CC1
I
e
0.04mW/sr
TXD = Low or SD = High
(Receiver is inactive as long as
SD = High)
α± 24°
**)
< 20
TXD
ropt
λ
p
, t
fopt
t
opt
880900nm
100ns
t
-0.15t
TXD
+ 0.15µs
TXD
µs
input pulse width t
®
low power conditions. E.g. for V
®
low power conditions.
≥ 20 µst
TXD
opt
= 3.3 V a current limiting resistor of RS = 56 Ω
CC2
®
or RECS 80.
20300µs
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
www.vishay.com
7
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
Recommended Circuit Diagram
Operated with a clean low impedance power supply
the TFDU4300 needs no additional external components. However, depending on the entire system
design and board layout, additional components may
be required (see figure 1).
V
IRED
V
cc
GND
V
logic
SD
TXD
RXD
19295
Figure 1. Recommended Application Circuit
C1
R1 *)
R2
C2
*) R1 is optional when reduced intensity is used
The capacitor C1 is buffering the supply voltage and
eliminates the inductance of the power supply line.
This one should be a Tantalum or other fast capacitor
to guarantee the fast rise time of the IRED current.
The resistor R1 is the current limiting resistor, which
may be used to reduce the operating current to levels
below the specified controlled values for saving battery power.
Vishay’s transceivers integrate a sensitive receiver
and a built-in power driver. The combination of both
needs a careful circuit board layout. The use of thin,
long, resistive and inductive wiring should be avoided.
The shutdown input must be grounded for normal
operation, also when the shutdown function is not
used.
, IRED A
V
cc2
V
cc1
Ground
V
logic
SD
TXD
RXD
IRED C
The inputs (TXD, SD) and the output RXD should be
directly connected (DC - coupled) to the I/O circuit.
The capacitor C2 combined with the resistor R2 is the
low pass filter for smoothing the supply voltage. R2,
C1 and C2 are optional and dependent on the quality
of the supply voltages VCC1 and injected noise. An
unstable power supply with dropping voltage during
transmision may reduce the sensitivity (and transmission range) of the transceiver.
The placement of these parts is critical. It is strongly
recommended to position C2 as close as possible to
the transceiver pins.
When extended wiring is used as in bench tests the
inductance of the power supply can cause dynamically a voltage drop at VCC2. Often some power supplies are not able to follow the fast current rise time.
In that case another 4.7 µF (type, see table under C1)
at VCC2 will be helpful.
Under extrem EMI conditions as placing an RF-transmitter antenna on top of the transceiver, we recommend to protect all inputs by a low-pass filter, as a
minimum a 12 pF caoacitor, especially at the RXD
port. The transceiver itself withstands EMI at a GSM
frequencies above 500 V/m. When interference is
observed, the wiring to the inputs picks it up. It is verified by DPI measurements that as long as the interfering RF - voltage is below the logic threshold levels
of the inputs and equivalent levels at the outputs no
interferences are expected.
One should keep in mind that basic RF - design rules
for circuits design should be taken into account.
Especially longer signal lines should not be used without termination. See e.g. “The Art of Electronics” Paul
Horowitz, Winfield Hill, 1989, Cambridge University
Press, ISBN: 0521370957.
Figure 2 shows an example of a typical application for
to work with low voltage logic (connected to V
seperate supply voltage V
and using the transceiver
S
DD
), a
with the IRED Anode connebcted to the unregulated
battery V
. This method reduces the peak load of
batt
the regulated power supply and saves therefore
costs. Alternatively all supplies can also be tied to
only one voltage source. R1 and C1 are not used in
this case and are depending on the circuit design in
most cases not necessary.
I/O and Software
In the description, already different I/Os are mentioned. Different combinations are tested and the
function verified with the special drivers available
from the I/O suppliers. In special cases refer to the
I/O manual, the Vishay application notes, or contact
directly Vishay Sales, Marketing or Application.
For operating at RS232 ports the ENDEC TOIM4232
is recommended.
Current Derating Diagram
Figure 3 shows the maximum operating temperature
when the device is operated without external current
limiting resisor.
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
Ambient Temperature (°C)
55
50
2.02.53.03.54.0
18097
Operating Voltage [V] at duty cycle 20 %
Figure 3. Current Derating Diagram
4.5
5.05.56.0
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
www.vishay.com
9
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
Table 2. Truth table
InputsOutputsRemark
SDTXD
high
> 1 ms
lowhighxhigh inactiveI
lowhigh
> 50 µs
lowlow< 4high inactive0Ignoring low signals below the
lowlow> Min. irradiance E
lowlow> Max. Irradiance E
Optical input Irradiance mW/m
xxweakly pulled
xhigh inactive0Protection is active
< Max. irradiance E
2
e
e
e
RXDTransmitterOperation
0Shutdown
(500 kΩ) to V
low (active)0
undefined0Overload conditions can cause
CC1
e
IrDA
Response to an IrDA
Transmitting
®
defined threshold for noise
immunity
®
optical input signal
unexpected outputs
compliant
www.vishay.com
10
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
Recommended Solder Profiles for TFDU4300
Time/s
10 s max. at 230 °C
120 s...180 s
240 °C max.
30 s max.
T
peak
= 260 °C
Solder Profile for Sn/Pb soldering
260
240
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
Tem perat ure/°C
60
40
20
0
2...4 °C/s
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
160 °C max.
Figure 4. Recommended Solder Profile for Sn/Pb soldering
2...4 °C/s
90 s max.
19431_1
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
Lead-Free, Recommended Solder Profile
The TFDU4300 is a lead-free transceiver and qualified for lead-free processing. For lead-free solder
paste like Sn-(3.0 - 4.0)Ag-(0.5 - 0.9)Cu, there are two
standard reflow profiles: Ramp-Soak-Spike (RSS)
and Ramp-To-Spike (RTS). The Ramp-Soak-Spike
profile was developed primarily for reflow ovens
heated by infrared radiation. With widespread use of
forced convection reflow ovens the Ramp-To-Spike
profile is used increasingly. Shown below in figure 5 is
Vishay’s recommended profile for use with the
TFDU4300 transceivers. For more details please
refer to Application note: SMD Assembly Instruction
.
275
250
225
200
175
150
125
100
Temperature/°C
75
50
25
0
050100150200250300350
19532_1
T ≥ 255 °C for 10 s....30 s
T ≥ 217 °C for 70 s max
2°C...3°C/s
90 s...120 s
70 s max.
Time/s
Figure 5. Solder Profile, RSS Recommendation
2°C...4°C/s
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
www.vishay.com
11
TFDU4300
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Time/s
Tempe ratur e/°C
<4 °C/s
1.3 °C/s
Time above 217 °C t ≤ 70 s
Time above 250 °C t ≤ 40 s
Peak temperature T
peak
= 260 °C
<2 °C/s
T
peak
= 260 °C max
Vishay Semiconductors
A ramp-up rate less than 0.9 °C/s is not recommended. Ramp-up rates faster than 1.3 °C/s damage an optical
part because the thermal conductivity is less than compared to a standard IC.
www.vishay.com
12
Figure 6. Solder Profile, RTS Recommendation
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
Package Dimensions in mm
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
19700
www.vishay.com
13
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
Reel Dimensions
14017
Tape WidthA max.NW1 min.W2 max.W3 min.W3 max.
mmmmmmmmmmmmmm
161806016.422.415.919.4
163305016.422.415.919.4
www.vishay.com
14
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
Tape Dimensions in mm
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
Drawing-No.: 9.700-5280.01-4
Issue: 1; 03.11.03
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
19855
Figure 7. Tape drawing, TFDU4300 for top view mounting
www.vishay.com
15
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
Drawing-No.: 9.700-5279.01-4
Issue: 1; 08.12.04
www.vishay.com
16
19856
Figure 8. Tape drawing, TFDU4300 for side view mounting
Document Number 82614
Rev. 1.5, 05-Dec-05
TFDU4300
Vishay Semiconductors
Ozone Depleting Substances Policy Statement
It is the policy of Vishay Semiconductor GmbH to
1. Meet all present and future national and international statutory requirements.
2. Regularly and continuously improve the performance of our products, processes, distribution and operating
systems with respect to their impact on the health and safety of our employees and the public, as well as
their impact on the environment.
It is particular concern to control or eliminate releases of those substances into the atmosphere which are
known as ozone depleting substances (ODSs).
The Montreal Protocol (1987) and its London Amendments (1990) intend to severely restrict the use of ODSs
and forbid their use within the next ten years. Various national and international initiatives are pressing for an
earlier ban on these substances.
Vishay Semiconductor GmbH has been able to use its policy of continuous improvements to eliminate the use
of ODSs listed in the following documents.
1. Annex A, B and list of transitional substances of the Montreal Protocol and the London Amendments
respectively
2. Class I and II ozone depleting substances in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 by the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) in the USA
3. Council Decision 88/540/EEC and 91/690/EEC Annex A, B and C (transitional substances) respectively.
Vishay Semiconductor GmbH can certify that our semiconductors are not manufactured with ozone depleting
substances and do not contain such substances.
We reserve the right to make changes to improve technical design
and may do so without further notice.
Parameters can vary in different applications. All operating parameters must be validated for each
customer application by the customer. Should the buyer use Vishay Semiconductors products for any
unintended or unauthorized application, the buyer shall indemnify Vishay Semiconductors against all
claims, costs, damages, and expenses, arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal
damage, injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use.
Specifications of the products displayed herein are subject to change without notice. Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.,
or anyone on its behalf, assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies.
Information contained herein is intended to provide a product description only. No license, express or implied, by
estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. Except as provided in Vishay's
terms and conditions of sale for such products, Vishay assumes no liability whatsoever, and disclaims any express
or implied warranty, relating to sale and/or use of Vishay products including liability or warranties relating to fitness
for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright, or other intellectual property right.
The products shown herein are not designed for use in medical, life-saving, or life-sustaining applications.
Customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully
indemnify Vishay for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale.
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