T1 Access Router
Reference Manual
December 2002
34-00327.A
i
Copyright Notice Copyright © 2002 Verilink Corporation. All right s reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language
in any form by any means without the written permission of Verilink.
Manual Reorder # 34-00327.A
December 2002
Trademarks Verilink
®
is a registered trademarks of the Verilink Corporation. FrameStart™, WANsight™,
and ServiceAware™ are trademarks of the Verilink Corpor ation.
All other brand and product names used herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their
respective manufacture rs.
Documentation Disclaimer
This document does not create any express or implied warranty about Verilink or about its products or services. Verilink’s sole warranty is contained in its product warranty. The end-user documentati on is shipped with Verilink’s products and constitutes the sole specifications referred to
in the pro duc t war ran ty. Veri link has ma de re aso nab le effo rts to ver ify th at th e info rmat ion contained herein is accurate, but Verilink assumes no responsibility for its use or for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties that may result. The customer is solely
responsible for verifying the suitability of Verilink’s products for its use. Specifications are subject to chang e without notice.
Warranty Verilink's pr oduct warranty is includ ed at the back of this document. FCC Requirements This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used
in accordance with the instruction manual, m ay cause harmful interference to radio communications. O per atio n of t his e qui pmen t in a r esid ent ial a rea i s like ly to cau se ha rm ful int er fere nce in
which case the user is required to correct the interference at his own expense. This device must
also a ccept any interference received, including int erference that m ay cause undesired operation.
WARNI NG: For use only with a certified Cl ass 2 power supply. See Power Source in
Appendix A, Specifications.
WARNI NG: Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the
equipment.
ii T1 Access Router
This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC Rules. On the rear or bottom of the unit is a
label that contains the FCC regi stration number and other information. If requested, provide this
information to the telephone compa ny.
1 All direct connections to the network lines must be made using standard plugs and jacks
(compliant with Part 68). The table below presents a list of applicable registration jack
USOCs, facility interface codes (FICs), and service order codes (SOCs). These are required
when ordering service from the telco.
Port ID REN/SOC FIC USOC
1.544 Mbps SF
1.544 Mbps SF, B8ZS
1.544 Mbps ANSI ESF
1.544 Mbps ANSI ESF, B8ZS
2 If the unit appears to be malfunctioning, it should be disconnected from the network lines
until the source of trouble is determined to be your equipment or the telephone line. If your
equipment needs repair, it should not be reconnected until it is repaired.
6.0F 04DU9-BN
RJ-48C jack
04DU9-DN
04DU9-1KN
04DU9 -1SN
3 The unit has been designed to prevent harm to the network. If the telephone company finds
that the equipment is exceeding t olerable parameters, it can tem porarily disconnect service.
In this case, the telephone company will give you advance notice, if possible.
4 No cust omer is author ized to repair this eq uipmen t, rega rdles s of wa rranty statu s.
5 If the telephone company alters its equipment in a manner that will affect the use of this
device, it must give you warning so that you have the opportunity for uninterrupted service.
You will be advi sed of your right to file a complaint with the FCC.
6 If the equipment malfunctions, all repairs should be performed by our company or an
authorized agent. It is the responsibility of users requiring service to report the need for
service to our company or to one of our authorized agents.
Canadian Emissions Requirements
This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital
apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.
Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numériques (de la class A) prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage
radioélectrique edicté par le ministère des Communicati ons du Canada.
Safety P recauti ons When handling this equipment, follow these basic safety precautions to reduce the risk of elec-
tric shock and injury:
• Follow all warnings and instructions marked on the product and in the manual.
• Unplug the hardware from the wall outlet before cleaning. Do not use liquid cleaners or aerosol cleaners. Use a slightly damp cloth for cleaning.
• Do not place this product on an unstable cart, stand, or table. It may fall, causing seri ous damage to
the product.
• Slots in the unit are provided for ventilation to protect it from overheating. These openings must not
be blocked or covered. Never place this product near a radiator or heat register.
• This product should be operated only from the type of power source indicated on the marking label
and manual. If you are unsure of the type of power suppl y you are using, consult your dealer or local
power company.
• Do not allow anything to rest on the power cord. Do not locate this product where the cord interferes
with the free movement of people.
• Do not overload wall outlets and extension cords, as this can result in fire or electric shock.
• Never push objects of any kind into the unit. They may touch dangerous voltage points or short out
parts that could result in fire or electric shock. Never spill liquid of any kind on this equipment.
• Unplug the equipment from the wall outlet and refer servicing to qualified service personnel under the
following conditions:
• When the power supply cord or plug is damaged or frayed.
• If liquid has been spilled into the product.
• If the product has been exposed to rain or water.
• If the product has been dropped or if the housing has been damaged.
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iv T1 Access Router
Table of Contents
Preface
About th i s Ma n u al ....... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. .................... xi
Manual Organization ...................................................................................................................... xi
Typographic Conventions .............................................................................................................. xi
Customer Service and Technical Support ....... ........................... .................... .................... ..................xii
Support from Your Network Supplier ......................... ................ ................ .................................. xii
Support from Verilink ................ ............................................. ...................................................... xii
Telephone ............................................................................................................................... xii
E-mail ..................................................................................................................................... xii
Intern et ..... ......... ....... ......... ......... ......... ....... ......... ......... ......... ....... ......... ......... ......... ............... xiii
Returning a Unit to Verilink ............................................................................................................... xiii
Chapter 1 About the T1 Access Router
Introduction .. ................ ................ ................ ............................................. .......................................... 1-1
Features of the T1 A cc ess Rout er ....... .. .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ......... 1-2
Performance ................................................................................................................................. 1-2
SNMP Management ....... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ......... 1-3
Intelligent WAN Access Architecture ......................................................................................... 1-3
Optional Advanced Network Management .................................................................................. 1-3
About FrameStart Technology ........ ................ ................ ................ ................................................... 1-3
T1 Access Router Overview and Advantages .................................................................................... 1-4
Features Summary .............................................................................................................................. 1-5
Front Panel .......................................................................................................................................... 1-6
Rear Panel Connec tions .......................................................... ............................................................ 1-7
Supervisory Port ........................................................................................................................... 1-7
10/100 Ethernet ................. ............................................. ........................... ...................................1-8
Ethernet LED Indicators ........................................................................................................1-8
Network Interfaces ....................................................................................................................... 1-8
Power Connection ........................................................................................................................ 1-9
Power Failure ....................................................................................................................... 1-10
Chapter 2 Installation
Unpacking and Inspection .................................................................................................................. 2-1
Supplied Materials ........ .................... ........................... ..................................... .................................. 2-1
Installation Wizard .............................................................................................................................. 2-2
v
Chapter 3 Web Server Interface
Web Server Access .. .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ...................... 3-1
Layout of I nterface Screens ...................................................... ................................................... 3-2
Unit Screen ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ...........................3-2
Interfaces .... ......... .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. .. ......................... 3-5
Netwo rk .... .... ....... ....... ...... ..... ....... ...... ....... ..... ...... ....... ....... .... ....... ....... ....... .... ....... ...................... 3-5
Error Status and Alarm Thresholds Table .............................................................................3-7
Performance Screens .................................................................................................................... 3-8
10/100 Ethernet (IP Servic e Details Screen) .............................................. ................................ 3-10
Supervisory ................................................................................................................................ 3-13
Servic es .. ...... ....... ....... .... ....... ....... ....... .... ....... ....... ...... ..... ....... ...... ....... ..... ...... ....... ........................... 3-14
Adding a Ser v i ce ................ ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. .........3-14
Service Detai ls S creen .... ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. ........... 3-14
Interface Deta i ls B utt o n .... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... ..3-15
Type Details Button .............................................................................................................3-16
Delet e Se r v ice Button ................ .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... ......... .. ..3-16
Channel Table D et ai ls Sc r e en .......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. 3-16
Frame Relay Service Details Screen .......................................................................................... 3-17
PPP Service Details Screen ........................................................................................................ 3-23
Param e t ers T o N eg o t i a t e .... ... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ....... 3-25
PPP Sta t i sti c s .... ... ......... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ....... 3-26
PAP Table ............................................................................................................................ 3-27
CHAP Table ........................................................................................................................ 3-28
IP Serv i ce D et ai l s Screen ...... .. .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ........... 3-29
Applic ations ........ ....... ......... ......... ......... ....... ......... ......... ......... ...... ......... ......... ......... .........................3-29
Endpoint Table ........................................................................................................................... 3-29
Endpoint Details Screen ...................................................................................................... 3-30
Endpoint Service Details Screen ......................................................................................... 3-33
DLCI Details Screen ............................................................................................................3-33
Service Aware ............................................................................................................................ 3-38
Rule De t ai l s Screen ...... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ....3-39
Traffic Meter Statistics Screen ............................................................................................ 3-41
SNMP .. ........... ......... ............ ........... ......... ........... ........... ............ ......... ........... ........... .................. 3-42
Diagnostics ..... .................................................. .... ..................... .... .............................................3-43
Test Details Screen ..............................................................................................................3-44
Trap L og ... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ................ 3-46
Top Talkers ................................................................................................................................3-46
IP Gatew ay . ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. .................. 3-48
RIP Parameters .................................................................................................................... 3-49
OSPF Pa r a m e t er s . ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ......... ... .. .. 3-49
Circuit Table Screen ............................................................................................................ 3-49
Static Routes Screen ............................................................................................................ 3-52
Static ARP Table Screen ..................................................................................................... 3-54
Trusted Neighbor Table Scre en ................................................. ..........................................3-56
Area Table Screen ...............................................................................................................3-57
Virtual Link Tab l e Screen ......... .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. .. 3-59
TCP Server ................................................................................................................................. 3-60
TCP Server Details Screen .................................................................................................. 3-60
vi T1 Access Router
Netwo r k Add r e s s T ra n s l at i on (N A T ) ........ .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... .... 3 -6 2
NAT Details Screen .............................................................................................................3-63
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) ........................................................................ 3-68
DHCP Server Details Screen ............................................................................................... 3-69
Bridge ........... ........... ......... ............ ........... ........... ......... ........... ............ ........... ......... .................... 3-73
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) ..................................................................................... 3-77
Utilities ............................................................................................................................................. 3-78
Upload/Save ............................................................................................................................... 3-78
TFTP Configuration ............................................................................................................ 3-78
Password .................................................................................................................................... 3-79
Log Out ...................................................................................................................................... 3-80
In-ban d Managem e n t ............ .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... .............3-80
Chapter 4 VT100 Interface
Introduction .. ................ ................ ................ ............................................. .......................................... 4-1
Acces si n g th e V T 1 0 0 In t er f a ce . ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .... 4-1
Screen Co mponen ts ........ .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... 4-1
Cursor Co n t ro l s . .. .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ....................4-2
Field Types ................................................................................................................................... 4-2
Menu Structure ............................................................................................................................. 4-3
System ................................................................................................................................................. 4-4
Mainte n ance Reset ..... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ............. 4-5
Save and Restart ........................................................................................................................... 4-6
Interfaces .... ......... .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. .. ......................... 4-6
Network Screen ............................................................................................................................4-7
Error Status and Alarm Thresholds Table .............................................................................4-8
Performance Screens ........................................................................................................... 4-10
Ethernet (IP Details) Screen .......................................................................................................4-11
Supervisory Screen ..................................................................................................................... 4-13
Servic es .. ...... ....... ....... .... ....... ....... ....... .... ....... ....... ...... ..... ....... ...... ....... ..... ...... ....... ........................... 4-15
Channel Table D et ai ls Sc r e en .......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. 4-16
Frame Relay Service Details Screen .......................................................................................... 4-17
PPP Service Details Screen ........................................................................................................ 4-23
Param e t ers to N eg o t iate .. .. ......... .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. .. 4-25
PPP Sta t i sti c s .... ... ......... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ....... 4-25
PAP Table ............................................................................................................................ 4-26
CHAP Table and Details Screens ........................................................................................4-27
IP Serv i ce D et ai l s Screen ...... .. .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ........... 4-27
Applic ations ........ ....... ......... ......... ......... ....... ......... ......... ......... ...... ......... ......... ......... .........................4-28
Endpoint Table ........................................................................................................................... 4-28
Endpoint Details Screen ...................................................................................................... 4-29
Endpoint Service Details Screen ......................................................................................... 4-31
DLCI Details Screen ............................................................................................................4-31
DLCI Table Screen ..............................................................................................................4-36
Service Aware ............................................................................................................................ 4-37
Rule Co n fi g u ra t i o n Scr een . ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. ......... 4-38
Traffic Meter Statistics Screen ............................................................................................ 4-39
vii
SNMP .. ........... ......... ............ ........... ......... ........... ........... ............ ......... ........... ........... .................. 4-40
Diagnostics ..... .................................................. .... ..................... .... .............................................4-41
Test Details Screen ..............................................................................................................4-42
Trap L og ... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ................ 4-44
Top Talkers ................................................................................................................................4-45
IP Gatew ay . ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. .................. 4-46
RIP Parameters .................................................................................................................... 4-47
OSPF Pa r a m e t er s . ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ......... ... .. .. 4-47
Circuit Table Screen ............................................................................................................ 4-48
Static Route Table Screen .................................................................................................... 4-50
Static ARP Table Screen ..................................................................................................... 4-53
Trusted Neighbors Screen ..................... ............................................. .................................4-54
Area Table Screen ...............................................................................................................4-55
Virtual Link Tab l e Screen ......... .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. .. 4-57
TCP Server ................................................................................................................................. 4-59
TCP Server Screen ............................................................................................................... 4-59
Netwo r k Add r e s s T ra n s l at i on (N A T ) ........ .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... .... 4 -6 1
NAT Details Screen .............................................................................................................4-62
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) ........................................................................ 4-68
DHCP Server Details Screen ............................................................................................... 4-69
Bridge ........... ........... ......... ............ ........... ........... ......... ........... ............ ........... ......... .................... 4-72
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) ..................................................................................... 4-76
Encryption ........... ............. ..................... ............. .............. ........... ............. .............. ....................4-77
TFTP Configuration ................................................................................................................... 4-77
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) ..................................................................................... 4-78
Appendix A Specifications
Network Interface .............................................................................................................................. A-1
IP Gatew ay ...... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... ..................... A-1
10/100 Ethernet (IP Gateway or Manage ment) .............................. ...................................... A-1
Management Interfaces ...................................................................................................................... A-1
10/100 Ethernet (Managemen t or IP Gateway) .............................. ...................................... A-1
Supervisory Port ................................................................................................................... A-2
Diagnostics ........................................................................................................................................ A-2
Alarms ................................................................................................................................................ A-2
Power ................................................................................................................................................. A-2
Mecha nic al . ..... .... .. ..... .... ..... .. ..... .... ..... .. .... ..... .... ... .... ..... .... .. ..... .... ..... .. ..... .... ..... .. .... ..... ..................... A-2
Enviro n m e n t al ....... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... ....................... A-2
Frame Relay Statistics Collected in 96 15-minute Intervals ............................................................. A-2
PPP Statistics Collected in 96 15-minute Intervals ........................................................................... A-3
Industry Listings ..................................................................... ........................................................... A-3
Ordering Information .........................................................................................................................A-4
Optional Equipment ...........................................................................................................................A-4
Connector Pin Assignments ................ ............................................................... ................................ A-5
viii T1 Access Router
Ethernet Connection Pin Assignments ........................................................................................ A-5
Network Interface Pin Assignments ............................................................................................ A-5
Supervisory Port Pin Assignments .............................................................................................. A-5
Appendix B SNMP Agent
Introduction .. ................ ................ ................ ............................................. ..........................................B-1
SNMP Co n f i g u rat i o n P aramete rs ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... ......B-1
SNMP MIBs ......... ... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... .. ......... ... .. ......................B-1
SNMP T ra p Co n fi g u r at i o n ... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. ......... .. ... ......... .. ......... .. .. ......... ... ......... .. .. ......... ...........B-2
Generic MIB Loading Instructions .....................................................................................................B-2
ix
x T1 Access Router
About this Manual
This reference guide for the Verilink T1 Access Router describes unit features
and specifications, configuration, and c abling. It is not a users guide
containing step-by-step procedures. This manual is designed to be used as a
reference regarding commands, interface ports, configuration paramete rs, and
other information specific to your unit.
Manual Organization
The chapters and appendices in this manual are arranged for quic k reference
when you need it. You do not have to read previous chapters to understand
the subsequent chapters. Appendices are designed to complement the main
chapters.
• Chapter 1, "About the T1 Access Router" – This chapter describes produc t
features and capabilities.
• Chapter 2, "Installation" – This chapter describes unit port connections an d
powering informatio n.
C
HAPTER
0
P
REFACE
• Chapter 3, "Web Server Interf ace" – This chapter describes the menu screens
and configuration para meters accessed through the Web server interface.
• Chapter 4, "VT100 Interface" − This chapter describes the menu screens and
configuration parameters accessed through the VT100 interface.
• Appendix A, "Specifications" – This appendix defines the specifications for
the T1 Access Router. In a ddition, this section provides or dering information
and all the conn ector pin assignments for the interfaces on the back of the T1
Access Rout er.
• Appendix B, "SNMP Agent" − This appen dix defines which Management
Information Base (MIB) fil es are supported by the T1 Access Router SNMP
agent. In addition, instr uctions are provided for loading these MIB files into
most SNMP management stations.
Typographic Conv entions
The following table lists the conventions used throughout this guide.
Preface xi
Convention Description
A Notice calls attentions to important features or instructions.
A Caution alerts you to s erious risk of data loss or other
results that may cause you o r the unit trouble i f the warning is
not heeded.
A Warning alerts you to the risk of serio us damage to the unit
or injury and possible death to the end user.
Customer Service and Technical Support
Verilink provides easy access to c ustomer support information through a
variety of servi ces. This section descri bes these services.
Support from Your Network Supplier
If assistance is required, contact your network supplier. Many suppliers are
authorized Verilink service partners who are qualified to provide a variety of
services, including network planning, installation, hardware m aintenance,
application training, and support services. When you contact your network
supplier for assista nce, have the following information ready:
• Diagnostic error messages
• A list of system hardware and softwar e, including revision levels
• Details about recent con fi guration changes, if applic able
Support from Verilink
If you are unable to receive support from your network supplier or want to
contact us directly, Verilink offers worldwide customer support by telephone ,
e-mail, and through Verilink’s Internet Web site.
Telephone
Customer support is available by telephone 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. To
speak directly with a Verilink customer service repre sentative, you may dial
one of the following numbers:
•Sales and Marketing: 800-VERILINK (837-4546)
•Technical Support: 800-285-2755 (toll-fr e e)
You can request sales and marketing information or pose a technical support
question about your Verilink product by contacting us at the e-mail addresses
256-327-2255 (local)
xii T1 Access Router
provided below. Verilink will respond to e-mailed requests f or support during
regular business hours (8–5 CST, Monday–Friday).
•Sales and Marketing: info@verilink.com
•Technical Support: support@verilink.com
Internet
Visit Verilink’s Web site to access the latest Verilink product information,
technical publications, news releases, contact information, and more:
If this reference manual is revised to reflect code change s or other updates,
the most recent version will be posted to the Verilink Web site.
Returning a Unit to Verilink
If for any reason you must return your Verilink product, it must be returned
with the shipping prepaid, and pack aged to t he best commerci al stand ard for
electronic equipment. Verilink will pay shipping charges for delivery on
return. You are responsible for mode and cost of shipment to Verilink.
http://www.verilink.com
You must have a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number marked on
the shipping package. To obtain an RMA number, call Customer Service at
800-926-0085, extension 2282 or 2232. Products sent to Verilink without
RMA numbers will be returned to the sender unopened, at the sender’s
expense.
A product sent directly to Verilink for repair must first be assigned an RMA
number. You may obtain an RMA number by calling Customer Service at
800-926-0085, extension 2282 or 2232.
When calling Verilink for an RMA, please have the following inform ation
available:
• Model number and serial number for each unit
• Reason for return and symptoms of problem
• Purchase order number to cover charges for out-of-warranty items
• Name and phone number of per son we can conta ct i f we have quest ions about
the unit(s)
The address for you to use when returning a unit to Verilink will be provided
when the RMA is issued. The standard delivery method for return shipments
is Standard Ground for domestic returns and International Economy for
international returns (unless otherwise specified).
Preface xiii
xiv T1 Access Router
Introduction
C HAPTER
1
C
HAPTER
1
A
BOUT THE
The T1 Acce ss Rout er is a com pact , featu re-rich “stand ard” router d esigne d to
allow small and medium-sized businesses and enterprises with multiple
branch locations to take advantage of lower cost T1 connections. Installed on
the customer’s premises, this powerful router with an integrated CSU/DSU
enables high-speed Internet access and site-to- site communications.
T1 A
R
CCESS
OUTER
The T1 Access Router boasts management features usually found only in
more expensive routers. The unit supports IP over frame relay, PPP, or
leased-line applications. A superior alternative to conventional high-end
routers, the T1 Access Router connects to the LAN through an autosensing
10/100Base-T Etherne t port, and is equipped with an RS-232 console port for
local management.
All of the T1 Access Router’s installation, perform ance configuration, traffic
monitoring, alarm reporting, and diagnostic capabilities can be configured
through the unit’s embedded Web server interface using Microsoft
Explorer™. The Web server interface can be accessed locally through the
Ethernet port or the Supervisory port, or remotely through the Network port.
The unit’s built-in ServiceAware™ technology lets network managers
maximize available WAN bandwidth and verify Service Level Agreements
(SLAs). This management platform lets the end user see network activity
(performance) and problem s (diagnostics) on any permanent virtual circuit
(PVC), access line, or physical circuit.
Verilink’s standard FrameStart™ technology eliminates the requirem ent for
a frame relay test set. Providing benefit from the time of initial frame relay
circuit installation, FrameStart ensure s that T1 circuit status, signal quality,
loopback code detection, access link condition, and the various Layer 2 frame
relay investigation a nd reporting features are available and accurate.
®
Internet
The T1 Access Router supports static routing configura tions or dynamic
routing protocols (Routing Information P rotocol − RIP 1 a nd RIP 2 − or O pen
Shortest Path First − OSPF).
About the T1 Access Router 1-1
RIP 1 and RIP 2 allow routers to exchange routing information. The T1
Access Router then uses this information exchange to build routing tables for
IP Packet routes. After building the routing tables, the T1 Access Router
periodically broadcasts the contents to neighboring routers so your network
can choose the most efficient routes available.
OSPF uses link-state routing algorithms to calculate routes based on the
number of routers, transm ission speeds, delays, and route costs. Using the
OSPF protocol, the T1 Access Router works with other routers in your
telecommunications fabric to dynamically change routing “on the fly” to make
use of the most efficient and cost-effective transit across your network.
Dynamic Host Communications Protocol (DHCP) uses a client-server
architecture to assign IP addresses to PCs and workstations on the LAN. The
DHCP server dynamically assigns these IP addresses, which can be either
temporary or permanent, to each PC or workstation (DHCP client). These IP
addresses are “housed” on the DHCP server.
Network Address Translation ( NAT) enables an enterprise to set up two sets
of IP addresse s − one set for LAN t raffic and another for In ternet traffic . This
can provide a layer of security by eliminating outside access to internal IP
addresses from the Interne t.
Bridging separate LANs together is another option for the IP traffic. Using the
IEEE Standard 802.ID Transpar ent Bridging specifica tion, the T1 Access
Router lets you bridge separate LANs across a WAN so they operate as a
single LAN.
The T1 Access Router gives service providers and enterprise customers the
capability to monitor end-to-end network performance as well as the
capability to verify SLAs; is olate pe rformance problem s to the LAN, loc al
loop, or frame relay network; de termine appropriate bandwidth needs; and
monitor network trends to aid in future capacity planning.
Features of the T1 Access Router
Performance
Historically, WAN access devices have tended to perform well as
single-function devices such as CSUs/DSUs, but have not been optimized to
address higher level traffic issues such as servic e levels and integration.
Verilink's architecture and Web-based user interface work together to address
all access issues as services and ap plications , rather th an as circ uits and
protocols, for exceptional WAN management performance.
To further leverage its Web browser interface, Verilink' s new architecture also
allows firmware to be upgraded via the Web from a standard browser, with
password control, if desired.
1-2 T1 Access Router
SNMP Management
With integrated SNMP in-band management, enterprise managers c an now
manage Verilink units and their integral CSUs/DSUs as a single unit. With
only one LAN segment in the network, all Verilink platforms can be managed
by SNMP. With self- learning functionality, these platform s learn their frame
relay environment and eliminate the need for remote, trained personnel. By
downloading all configuration parameters from the central site, no interac tion
is required at remote sites to establish connectivity. WANs can be constructed
using frame relay or leased-line services. Networ k managers can now fine
tune the enterprise network for the lowest cost and highest performance.
Intelligent WAN Access Architecture
Verilink's next-gen eration WAN access architect ure is built around a
PowerPC™ processor, and works with non-proprietary network management
solutions via SNMP. An embedded Web server supplies a simple-to-use
interface for configuration and statistics collection, with a service table for
mapping services to ports, a n endpoint table for configuring and monitoring
service endpoints, and a user table for traffic monitoring and control.
Optional Advanced Network Management
As an option for the T1 Access Router, Verilink offers a network
management system based on RedPoint's NetVoyant™ software, which was
designed to provide IT professionals with the information required to make
informed, enterprise-wide capacity-planning and investment decisions.
NetVoyan t is an NT -based element m anageme nt syst em that i ncludes an
ODBC-compliant database, CORBA IDLs for customization and flexibility,
real-time diagnostic s, and extensive reporting and trending application
support. The solution employs an open-syste m, multi-vendor support approach
for network management, monitoring, and the collection of statistics from any
SNMP-based networking device, including Verilink equipm ent already in the
field.
The T1 Access Router extends the functionality of NetVoyant’s software by
incorporating customized configuration modules. This advanced network
management system is offered as an option for the T1 Access Router. Please
contact Verilink for availability and pricing information.
About FrameStart Technology
FrameStart’s integral frame relay circuit installation and diagnostic tools help
reduce equipment and installation costs, simplify configuration setup, and
alleviate frame relay connection uncertainties − all in one unit.
The T1 Access Router supports both FrameStart Install and Fram eStart
Monitor modes as well as Layer 2 statistics gathering and diagnostic
capabilities that maximize network availability and manage the growth of the
network.
About the T1 Access Router 1-3
With Fra meStart Instal l, you have the power to perform advanced tests,
including the following:
• Local Management Interfac e (LMI) Sourcing
• End-to-end Integri ty
• PVC Delay Testing
• Network Receive Level
FrameSta rt Monito r com plements F rameSt art Instal l to moni tor real-t ime
network conditions nonintrusively when connected to real-world applications.
FrameStart Monitor diagnostics mainta in and manage the activity of the frame
relay network from the host FrameStart unit. FrameStart Monitor also
performs the following:
• LMI Monitoring
• LMI Auto-Sourcing
• SOS Mode
• New Circuit Installation
T1 Access Router Over view and Advantages
Verilink’s T1 Access Router is an innovative, highly intelligent,
software- based WAN access device optimized for fra me relay access. The T1
Access Router provides network managers with the tools necessary to monitor
and troubleshoot voice, data, and network transmission systems. In addition,
T1 Access Router delivers valuable tools for the following:
• Measuring and reporting perf ormance
• Verifying Service Level Agreements (SLAs)
• Managing network r esources to ensure optimum performance
• Analyzing trends to aid in network planning
• Managing Web browser and/or in-band/out-of-band SNMP
T1 Access Router advantages include the following:
• Offers a Network port, an asynchr onous Supervisory port, and an Ethernet
port − the T1 Acce ss Router is extrem ely flexible and adapts to num erous
network applications.
• Ensures a higher level of service − the T1 Access Router acts as an expert
frame relay Service Level advisor for service providers and users.
• Lowers facility costs − the T1 Access Router's easy installation and
configuration cut down on maintenance and sparing costs.
• Provides a low-cost route r − th e T1 Access Router lets small and
medium-sized businesse s take advantage of today’s low-cost T1s.
1-4 T1 Access Router
Features Summ ary
• A Powerfu l Core A rch i tec ture:
• 10/100Base-T Ethernet por t for Management or IP Gateway
• Supervisory port for loc al management via VT100
• Router/Bridge:
• Frame Relay or PPP
• 10/100Base-T Ethe rnet port
• Static route s
• Static Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
• Dynamic routing protocol s, inc luding RIP 1, RIP 2, and OSPF
• Un-numbered Network
• Address Management: NAT and DHCP
• Programmable alarm thresholds
• Configurable Ser ial (Data) Port:
• Supports V.35, EIA-530, and RS-232
• Security Features
• IP Host Access List
• Multilevel password acc ess
• NAT
• A Suite of Performance Monitoring Tools:
• Monitoring capability for up to 128 virtual circuits (Data Link Connection
Identifiers, or DLCIs)
• T1/FT1 performance monitoring, including complete diagnostic
capabilitie s and test modes
• SLA monitoring and management
• Committed Information Rate (CIR) enf orcement per DLCI
• Programmable alarm thresholds
• E-mail notification of ala rm status for immediate notification of
potential network problems
• Management Interfaces:
• WANsight − an innovative, embedded Web-based user interface for
remote configurati on and real-time reporting via Web browser (Verilink
recommends Microsoft Inte rnet Explorer 5.0 or higher) that decreases
installati on and configuration time for service employees, simplifies
troubleshooting and fault isolation of network problems, and optimizes
management of both TDM and frame-based service s
• VT100 or TELNET
About the T1 Access Router 1-5
Front Panel
• Local Supervisory port
• Ethernet port
• Frame Relay Aware:
• Supports leased-l ine and frame relay services
• Layer 2 end-to-end visibility and control
• Embedded frame r elay test set
• Layer 3 support for visibil ity beyond the Network layer (up to 25
protocols)
• “Top Talker” reports − lets you find out who’s genera ting the most IP
traffic on your LAN
The front panel of the T1 Access Router (Figure 1.1) provides two
user-activated input control buttons and five LED status indicators that
provide access to unit configuration, diagnostics, and utilities.
Figure 1.1
Front Panel of T1 Access Router
The T1 Access Router’s front panel LED status indicators are defined in the
table below:
Indicato r Description
MODE
NET
ACTIVITY
Normally, the MODE indicator lights green.
This indicator lights amber w hile config uration is being set by
the front panel buttons or when the configur ation is changed by
SNMP or through the W eb ser ver interf ace. T he indica tor will
remain amber until the changed configuration is saved; it will
revert to green when the ne w config ura tion has bee n s aved.
The NET indicator is off (not illuminated) when the port has not
been configured.
The indicator lights red if the T1 link is down.and all configured
protocols on the link are establishe d.
The indicator lights ambe r if the DD S link is operatio nal but at
least one configured protocol on the link is down.
1-6 T1 Access Router
Indicato r Description
ALARM
POWER
The ALARM indicator is off (not illuminated) when no alarm
conditions exist.
The indicator lights ambe r to indicate an OOF alarm. (Other
alarms may also be active.)
The indicator lights red for all other alarm conditions.
The indicator lights green when power is applied to the unit.
The indicator lights amber in test modes (port loope d or BERT
active).
The user-activated input control buttons on the T1 Access Router are
described in the following table.
Button Description
RESET
CONFIG
*The CONFIG button must be held until the MODE LED lights amber and remains illuminated for the
default config ur at io n to tak e effect.
The RESET button prov ides a hardware reset to the unit.
The CONFIG button sets the unit back to its factory defau lt
configuration for Packet Mode operation; this is the same as a
maintenance reset. To initiate this fun ction, you m ust pre ss and hold
CONFIG button during a power-up sequence. *
the
Rear Panel Connections
The rear panel of the T1 Access Router has four connectors − PO WER,
SUPERVISO RY PORT, 10/100 ETHERNET, and NET − as shown in Figure 1.2
below.
Figure 1.2
The following paragraphs describe the T1 Access Router connectors.
Supervisory Port
The SUPERVISORY PORT on the T1 Access Router is a DB-9 female DCE
connector configured for 8 bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit. Bit rates are
configured through the Web server (see Supervisory on page 3-13) or VT100
interface. The Supervisory port speed can be set to 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600,
19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 bps. The initial default rate of the Supervisory
port is 19200 bps.
T1 Access Router Rear Panel
On power-up, the Supervisory port sends out diagnostic messages at the bit
rate of 115.2 kbps until the Supervisory ser vice acquires the Supervisory port.
About the T1 Access Router 1-7
10/100 Ethernet
These diagnostic messages can disrupt the connected device; however, you
can configure the unit to disa ble their transmission.
NOTICE: For information on pinout assignments for this connector, refer to
Supervisory Port Pin Assignments on page A-5. See Ordering
Information on page A-4 for information on cables for this connector.
The T1 Access Router provides one 10/100 ETHERNET interface. This
interface is an eight-pin modular jack that complies with standard
twisted-pair, 10/100Base-T requirements. The 10/100Base-T cable is supplied
by the end user. Refer to Ethernet C onnection Pin Assignments on page A-5
for pin assignments and cable descriptions.
Ethernet LED Indicators
There are two unlabeled indicator LEDs on either side of the
10/100 ETHERNET jack. The LED on the left side of the jack pulse s amber to
indicate da ta activ ity (eith er trans mit or re ceive). The L ED on th e righ t side of
the jack lights green to indicate that the link layer is operational.
Network Interfaces
Labeled on the rea r panel of the T1 Access Router as NET, this interface’s
connection is a standard RJ-48C, eight - pin modular jacks that contain an
automatic line buil d out (AL BO). T he ALB O allows the unit to be lo cated a
substantial distanc e away from the telco network interface with a receive
signal level to −27 dB. This interface operates in either long-haul or
short-haul mode.
The Netwo rk inter face transm it LBO level s hould be set as ins tructed i n the
Line Build-out parameters section on page 3-5. Maximum suggested cable
lengths for the connection f rom the unit to the network are liste d in the table
below. Calculations are base d on a cable temperature of 70 °F, 0.083 µF/mile
capacitance, a 27-dB loss, a nd a 100-Ω, non-loaded, twisted-pa ir cable.
Cable Type
26-gauge PIC 6.8 4,400
24-gauge PIC 5.4 5,500
22-gauge PIC 4.2 7,100
19-gauge PIC 3.0 10,000
(PIC - Plastic Insulated Cable)
Loss per 10 00 ft
(dB)
Max Cable L ength
(ft)
CAUTION: In accordance with FCC Rules, Part 68.218(b), you must notify the
1-8 T1 Access Router
telephone company prior to disconnecting this product.
Power Connection
The POWER port is an eight-pin circular mini-DIN connector that connects
either an autoranging 100–240 VAC ( shown in Figure 1.3 below) or an
autoranging 18−150 VDC external power supply (connection shown in Figure
1.4 below) to the unit. The T1 Access Router must be used with the UL
Listed/CSA Certified Class 2 power supply provided with the unit or ordered
separately from Verilink. The unit has no power switch.
Figure 1.3
Figure 1.4
T1 Access Router Power Supply Unit
4
+5V
5
Shield Ground
GND
8
7
GND
Connection for VDC Power Supply
12
+5V
6
GND
3
+5V
When power is applied to the unit, the front panel indicators flash for
approximately 10 to 15 seconds as the unit initializes. The green
POWER
LED on the front panel will remain illum inated as long as the unit receive s
power. This LED turns amber when the unit is in test mode.
CAUTION: Always plug the e xternal power supply into a grounded power outlet.
NOTICE: Per UL 1950 and CSA 950 Clause 1.7.2, if the power supply cord is
intended to serve as a disconnect device, an easily accessible socket
must be installed near the equipment.
About the T1 Access Router 1-9
Power Failure
If the indicator does not illum inate, check the power connections and the
primary AC circuit breaker.
The T1 Access Router provides non-volatile memory retention of the unit
configuration in case of a power failure. This feature allows the unit to
automatically restor e normal service and retain pre -existing time and date
information following a power loss.
1-10 T1 Access Router
This chapter describes the contents of your T1 Access Router shipment and
provides information on connecting and installing the unit.
The T1 Access Router use an “Installation Wizard” to help you automatically
install the unit quickly and accurately. Procedures for using this Installation
Wizard are also describe d in this c hapter.
Unpacking and Inspection
C HAPTER
2
C
HAPTER
2
I
NSTALLATION
The T1 Access Router is shipped in cardboard cartons with foam inserts for
shock and vibration protection. When your shipment arrives, inspect the
shipping container and contents and compare all items with those on the
packing list.
If the contents of the shipment are incomplete or if there is mechanical
damage or defect, notify Verilink Customer Service (see page xii). If the
shipping container or cushioning material is damaged, notify the carrier and
Verilink immediately and make a notation on the delivery receipt that the
container was damaged. (If possible, obtain the signature and name of the
person making delivery.) Retain the packaging materia l until the contents of
the shipment have been checked for completeness and the unit has been
checked b oth mech anically and elect rically.
Supplied Materials
The T1 Access Router shipment includes the following standard item s:
• T1 Access Router u nit
• External power supply and power cord
• T1 network cable
• Serial (Supervis ory) cable
• Verilink Docume ntation C D
Installation 2-1
For specific applications, see Optional Equipment on page A-4 for additional
cables and adapters. Contact Verilink Technical Support for further assistance
and specific part numbers.
Installation Wizard
One of the ways to configure and monitor the T1 Access Router is through
the Web B row ser int erfa ce. To gain a cce ss to th is inte rfa ce, the uni t mu st b e
configured with an IP Address. Verilink provides a DOS -based program – the
Verilink Configuration Wizard – to aid in this initial configuration.
To configure the IP Address using the Verilink Configuration Wizard, use the
CD-ROM disk included with this product and follow the steps liste d below.
NOTICE: You may also access the Verilink Configuration Wizard on
1 Using the supplied cable, connect the unit’s DB-9 Supervisory port to a
COM port on your PC. (Take note of which COM port is connected.)
2 Insert the Verilink CD-ROM disc into your PC’s C D-ROM drive.
Verilink’s Web site : www.verilink.com.
3 Use Windows “Explore” to view the contents of the CD and select the
folder labeled “Utilities.” In this folder will be a file named
this executable fil e is the Verilink Configuration Wizard application.
Double-click on this file to launch the program. After the program is fully
launched, you will see the following sc reen:
ipwiz.exe;
4 Using the Tab key to move fr om field t o fie ld, move the cursor to the “COM
Port” field. Using the Spacebar, toggle between the available options until
the correct COM port is sho wn (COM1, COM2, COM3, or COM4). Be s ure
to choose the same COM port as the port to which you connected the unit.
5 By default, the “Baud Rate” fiel d will display 115200 (bits per second). For
2-2 T1 Access Router
the purpose of this installa tion, do not change the displayed baud rate from
its default. Proceed directly to the next step.
6 Using the Tab key again, move the cursor to the “IP Addr ess” field and
enter the appropria te IP Address for the unit (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx). If necessary ,
repeat this process for the “Subnet Mask” and “Gateway Address” fields.
7 Next, move the cursor to the “Write To Unit” field and press the Enter key.
The program will prompt you to reset the unit.
8 To reset the unit, cycle the unit’s power (i.e., disconnect the power supply
cable from the unit and then reconnect it). The Configuration Wizard will
then automatically download the configuration information to the unit.
9 Take notice of the status messa ges displayed at the bottom of the
Configuration Wizard sc reen. When the download is complet e, your PC will
beep and the status message bar will display “Finished.”
10 Finally, move the cursor to the “Exit” prompt and press Enter. The
Configuration Wizard pr ogram will close.
Installation 2-3
2-4 T1 Access Router
C HAPTER
3
C
HAPTER
3
W
EB
S
ERVER INTERFACE
The T1 Access Router has an innovative, embedded Web-based user interface
(WANsight) for remote configuration and real-time repor ting via Microsoft
Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher. Access to the Web server interface and how
the interfa ce is used to co nfigure th e T1 Acce ss Rou ter unit ar e descri bed in
detail below.
NOTICE: Verilink recommends the use of Microsoft’s Internet Explorer 5.0 or
higher because if you use other Internet browsers to access the Web
server interface , some screen elemen ts will not disp lay as describe d in
this manual.
NOTICE: The material presented in this chapter follows the order listed in the
Configuration through the VT100 interface is covered in Chapter 4.
Web Server Access
You can access the Web Server interface by connecting to its IP address. This
connection can be directly through the 10/100 Ethernet port, in-band via PPP
over any port, or in-band via enc apsulated IP traffic on the Frame Relay
circuit.
NOTICE: Any changes to the unit’s configuration MUS T be followed by a
navigation bar on t he left side of the Web Server interface screen.
However, because the parameters you specify in the Service Table
attach proto cols to inter faces , you m ust c onfig ure t he Serv ice Table
first. (See Services on page 3-14.) You will not be able to allocate
channe ls (see Chan nel Tab le Deta ils S creen on page 3-16) u ntil the
Service Table has been configured.
“Submit” if there is a “Submit” button on the menu. If you
change the Service Table, you m ust perform a “Save and
Restart.”
Web Server Interface 3-1
To access the Web Server interface, type th e unit’s IP address in the
browser’s Address (or Location) field and press the “Enter” key.
Layout of Interface Screens
When you first access the Web Server interface, your browser will display a
screen that is divided into three frames. The upper frame for ms a border
across the top of the screen; it identifies the Verilink unit in service and
displays the hardware and software revision and serial numbers under which
the unit is oper ating. The far right corner of the upper frame displays whe ther
or not a “Save an d Restar t” is nece ssary when param eters are change d on the
currently displa yed screen.
The area beneath the upper frame is divided into two side-by-side f rames. The
frame on the left side of t his area d epicts a hierarch ical “tree” structure used
to navigate through the various interface screens. Each “branch” on the tree
guides you to more specific upper-level information about the unit and its
configuration. Note that the Interfaces, Applications, and Utilities branches do
not link to a page − these branches simply provide structure for navigation.
The frame on the right side of the screen will display the actual configuration
screen. The screen captur es throughout this chapter show only the
configurat ion portio n of the screen, except in t he case of the Un it screen ,
which sh ows all t hree frames . The Un it scr een represe nts the to p of the
navigation tree.
Unit Screen
The Unit screen shown in Figure 3.1 is the first screen displayed by your
unit’s Web Server interface. The Unit screen lets you view and set specific
information about the unit in service.
3-2 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.1
Unit Screen
The Unit screen displays the following fields:
Field Function
Object ID Display-only field used to point an SNMP agent to this ID.
Up Time Displays the amount of time the unit has been up and running.
Contact Stores the name of a point-of-contact for sys tem failure.
Name Read/write field that holds the unit’s name.
Location Read/writ e field that holds the unit's location.
FrameStart ID Read/write field that holds the unit's ID that uniquely identifies
the unit and is used in the FrameStart applications.
User Definable
Fields
Read/write fields for user-speci fic labels and values.
Information resides in non-volatile memory.
Time Read/write field that holds the unit's internal time setting in
standard 24-hour HH:MM:SS format.
Date Read/write field that holds the unit's internal date setting in
standard MM/DD/YY format.
Web Server Interface 3-3
The Unit screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any values that have been changed. Use th e top “Submit”
button to se t any unit parameters changed in the upper section of
the screen, and the lower “S ubmit” button to set the real - time
clock.
Maintenance Reset Brings up a screen where you can reset unit to its default TDM
or Packet, Packet 3, or Packet 4 configuration.
Save and Restart Saves the c urrent configuration and restarts the unit.
Maintenance Reset
Use this button to access a screen where you can perform a Maintenance
Reset (Figure 3.2). When you click on the arrow in the pull-down menu box
on the screen, you will have the option to perform a TDM, Packet, Packet 3,
or Packet 4 reset. When you select one of these options, all previous
configurations will be lost and the unit will be set back to the specified
factory default.
Figure 3.2
Maintenance Reset Screen
NOTICE: Performing a “Mai ntenance Reset” or a “Save and Restar t” will
terminate c ommunications with the unit.
Save and Restart
Use this button to save the current configuration settings and proceed with the
restart a s shown in Figure 3.3.
Figure 3.3
3-4 T1 Access Router
Save and Re start Screen
Interfaces
Network
Your T1 Access Router unit includes the following interfa ces: Network, 10/
100 Ethernet, and Supervisory. Ea ch of these interfaces is described below.
The T1 Access Router Network screen (Figure 3.4) lets you view and make
changes to the Network interfaces’ configuration as described below. In
addition, the screens provide a table that displays the alarm values for the
Network interfaces.
Figure 3.4
Network Screen
Mode
Line Build-Out (Long
Haul)
DSX Level (Short
Haul)
Selects the network service type.
Values: Long Haul, Short Haul
Default: Long Haul
Sets the transmit Line Build Out ( LBO) for the Long-Haul network interface.
Values: 0, −7.5, −15.0, −22.5 dB
Default: 0 dB
Specifies the DTE DSX-1 interface output level.
Values: 0−110, 111−220, 221−330, 331−440, 441−550, 551−660, >661 ft
Default: 0−110 ft
Web Server Interface 3-5
Framing
Selects the framing for the network side of the DSU/CSU.
Values ESF, D4
Default: ESF
Coding
Timing
Zero Suppression
PRM Enable
Sets the network side line coding.
Values: AMI, B8ZS
Default: B8ZS
Sets the timing source to synchronize the unit’s internal timing generators. In
all cases, slips are controlled to occur on frame boundaries at the Network
ports when timing synchronization is lost. The options ar e as follows:
Network − Internal, Netwo rk
Definitions of the timing sources are as follows:
Internal – The unit’s interna l frequency standard (T1 1.544 Mbps ± 50 bps)
is used for all timing.
Network – Timing is derived from the Network port recovered clock.
Determines whether ones density insertion is activated after 15 zeros. This
parameter is ignored if the Coding parameter is set to “B8ZS.”
Values: Disable, Enable
Default: Disable
Lets you establish which performance messaging standard will be employed
to initiate Performance Report Message (PRM) functions. S etting this field to
“Enable” instructs the unit to use ANSI T1.403, which sends a PRM once
every second. Setting this field to “Disable” instructs the unit to use AT&T
TR54016, which provides performance reporting on request only.
Values: Disable, Enable
Default: Disable
Learn DS 0s on Boot
Determines if the unit will attempt to discover active DS0s (af ter power-up,
Save and Restart). Active DS0s will then be assigned to the first a ssociated
network service.
Learned D S0 Rate
Specifies the rate at which each disc overed DS 0 wil l be set.
NOTICE: The unit will search for active DS0s for a maximum of 7 seconds if
3-6 T1 Access Router
Values: Disable, Enable
Default: Disable
Values: As 56K/64K
Default: As 64K
learning “As 64k” and for 30 sec onds if learning “As 56K.”
Error Status and Alarm Thresholds Table
The unit can be programmed to generate an alarm condition based on a
specific level of performance degradation. The Network screens present a
table that provides current error status and alarm threshold information.
Acceptable alarm thresholds are set for periods 15 minutes (900 seconds) and
sampled every second. The error types listed in the following paragraphs can
be preset to a value between 0 and 900 seconds. Setting a field to “0” (zero)
disables the alarm on that statistic. To effectively disable alarm reporting, set
all fields to “0” (ze ro).
The 15-minute time frame is not based on the TR 54016 or T1.403 interval
boundaries, but is a time window base d on the accumulated counts over the
previous fifteen 1-minute intervals. In all ca ses, if the number of actual
network errored seconds in the previous 15 minutes reaches the preset
threshold for the specified error type, an alarm condition is declared.
The four columns o f the s tatus tab le are as follows:
• Status Displays the current status of the network port.
• Alarm Displays the alarm value of the network port. The unit
declares an alarm as soon as the count exc eeds the threshold
set.
• Count Displays t he numb er of eve nts or o ccurrence s of this statistic
that have be en detected.
• Threshold A read/write field that can be set to a desirable threshold.
ES
SES
LOSS
UAS
CSS
BPVS
The table provides error sta tus and alarm thre shold in formation f or the
following error pa rameters:
Sets the Errored Seconds (ES) threshold. An ES is a 1-second period in which
at least one logic error occurred. The default value is 45 seconds.
Sets the Severely Errored Seconds (SES) threshold. An SES is a 1-second
period in which at least 320 CRC errors or one Out - of-Frame (OOF) error
occurred. The default value is 5 seconds.
Sets the Loss of Signal Seconds (LOS S) threshold. A LOSS is a 1-second
period in which the T1 received signal is interrupted. The default value is 5
seconds.
Sets the Unavailable Seconds (UAS) threshold. A UAS is a 1-second period
in which consecutive severely errored seconds cause an unavailable state. The
default is 0 (zero) seconds (Disabled).
Sets the Controlled Slip Seconds (CSS) threshold. The default is 0 (zero)
seconds (Disabled).
Sets the Bipolar Violation Errored Seconds (BP VS) threshold. A BPVS is a 1second period in which at least one bipolar violation occurred. The default is
0 (zero) se conds (Disabled).
Web Server Interface 3-7
OOFS
Sets the Out of Frame Seconds (OOFS) threshold. An OOFS is a 1-second
period in which a frame sync loss occurred. The default value is 5 seconds.
AISS
RAS
Reset Timer
Sets the Alarm Indication Signal Seconds (AISS) threshold. An AIS is a 1second period when unframed all ones are received. The default is 0 (zero)
seconds (Disabled).
Sets the Remote Alarm Seconds (RAS) threshold. A RAS is generated by the
terminal equipment when an improper signal is received from the facility (or
upon receipt of unframed all ones). The def ault is 0 (zero) sec onds (Disabled).
Sets the Reset Timer threshold. This field is the contiguous number of
seconds that an alarm parameter must be clear before the alarm is reset.
Applicable values range from 000 through 900. A value of “000” means the
alarm will never be reset.
The Network screens provide the user-activated buttons described in the table
below.
Button Function
Submit Sets any values that have been changed.
Clea r Al ar ms Reset s th e al ar m conditi o ns and counts to zer o .
Learn DS0s Now Learn s whic h DS 0s are active and assigns them to the first
associated network service. Learned DS 0s are based on the idle
pattern specified in the Channe l Ta ble (see below).
Perfor mance Displays a Perfo rmance/Summary screen that shows a current
Channels Displays the Channel Table Details Scr een on page 3-16,
CAUTION: Performance data will be lost upon power cycle or after performing a
Performan ce Screens
The performance screens you can access from the Network screen of your
unit are described below:
count of the number of error events that have occurred over th e
past 24 hours and the past 30 da ys.
showing each channe l by index number. Each chann el’ s rate and
service (by number) are displayed and can be changed th rough
user input.
Maintenance Reset or a Save and R estart.
3-8 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.5
Network Perfor mance/Summary Screen
In addition to the error parameters found in the Error Status and Alarm
Thresholds Table on page 3-7, the following error parameters are included on
the Network Performance/Summary table:
BES
LOFC
CRCES
The Bursty Error Seconds (BES) refers to a 1-second period during which at
least more than one but fewer than 320 CRC6 errors occurred.
The Loss of Frame Count (LOFC) represents the number of time a loss of
frame is declared. A loss of fra me is declared after 2.5 seconds of continuous
loss of signal or OOF.
The Cyclic Redundancy Check Errored Seconds (CRCES) is a method of
confirming the integrity of receive d data.
Beneath the Perf ormance/Sum mary table are tw o buttons: “Perform ance 24
Hour” and “Performance 30 Day.” Clicking either of these buttons will
display a detailed summary of the error events that have occur red during each
15-minute interval of the past 24 hours (Figure 3.6) or during e ach interval
(day) of the past 30 days (Figure 3.7).
Web Server Interface 3-9
Figure 3.6
Network Perfor mance 24 Hour Screen
Figure 3.7
Network Perfor mance 30 Day Screen
10/100 Ethernet (IP Service Details Screen)
The 10/100 Ethernet (IP Service Details) screen (Figure 3.8) lets you
configure the IP parameters described below.
3-10 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.8
10/100 Ethernet (IP Service Details) Screen
Unit IP Address
Subnet Mask
Gateway IP Address
DHCP Client
Client Identifier
Ethernet
Physical Add ress
A unique network address assigne d to this unit.
Defines the network portion of the unit’s IP address.
IP address of the default gateway (router) on the LAN side of the unit.
If DHCP Client is enabled at power-up, the unit will request its IP, Mask, and
Gateway addresses from a DHCP server located on the LAN side of the unit,
and the unit will use these addresses. If the DHCP request is unsuccessful, the
unit will use the configured addresses shown on this screen.
NOTICE: Always verify that a DHCP server is available on the network before
enabling DHCP Client. If, on power-up, a DHCP server is not found, a
60-second timeout will occur.
Displays a unique identifier for a specific IP address.
Enables or disables a remote unit’s Ethernet port.
Displays unique MAC address.
NOTICE: If you manually c hange the IP address, you must “Save and Restart.”
(See Save and Restart on page 3-4.) The first three address parameters
above can also be configured using the Installation Wizard on page 2-2.
To view details about the current condition of IP, ICMP (In and Out), TCP,
and UDP parameters, click the “Ethernet Stats” button at the bottom of the
screen. The Ethernet Statistics screen (Figure 3.9) contains no user-selectable
fields or options; it is simply a representation of the applicable MIB II
parameters.
Web Server Interface 3-11
Figure 3.9
Ethernet Statistics Screen
Click on the Unit Access Table button on the Ethernet (IP Details) screen to
view the Unit Access Table (Figure 3.10), which specifies up to 10 different
IP networks that may access the unit’s parameters. If no IP netw orks are
supplied, any host may access the unit. Select any Index number on the table
to view the Unit Access Details (Figure 3.11) that correspond with that Index
number.
Figure 3.10
Unit Access Table
3-12 T1 Access Router
Supervisory
Figure 3.11
Unit Access Details
The Supervisory interface’s screen (Figure 3.12) displays the current speed of
the Supervisory port interface and other parameters as de scribed below.
Speed
Character Size
Figure 3.12
Supervisor y Screen
Click on the “Supervisory Services” button at the bottom of the screen to
view servi ce inform ation for the Su pervisory interfac e.
Changes the Supervisory port speed (in bits per second).
Values: 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200
Default: 19200
Selects the number of bits required to make up one asynchronous character.
Values: Five, Six, Seven, Eight
Default: Eight
Diagnostic Messages
Parity
Enables the Supervisory port to send out diagnostic messages upon power-up.
Values: Enable, Disable
Default: Enable
Sets the parity bit.
Values: None, Odd, Even
Default: None
Web Server Interface 3-13
Services
Stop Bit
Selects the number of bits required to end the character.
Values: 1, 2
Default: 1
The Services screen (Figure 3.13) displays the unit’ s defined services and the
Interface, T ype, and Pair pa rameters for each s ervice.
Figure 3.13
The table in the cen ter of th e scree n displays the avai lable serv ices list ed by
index number. To view more detailed information about a service, click on
the index number associated with the desired service on the Services screen
and then c lick on one of the user-activa ted “Deta ils” buttons on the Service
Details screen as described below.
Services Screen
Adding a Service
To add a service, begin by clicking the “Add Service” button on the Servic es
screen. A new service listed by the next incremental index number will appear
on screen. The I nterface for the newly added service will be “Unassigne d.” To
assign an interface for the new service, click on its index num ber, which will
take you to the Service Details screen described below.
NOTICE: Any changes to s ettings in the Service Table require a “Save and
Service Details Screen
Clicking on an index number under the “Service Index” column on the
Services screen will display a Service Details scree n such as the one shown
below (Figure 3.14). (In this example, the selected ser vice type is Frame
Relay.)
3-14 T1 Access Router
Restart” for them to take effect.
Figure 3.14
Service Details Scree n
The Service Details screen lets you change for each service the parameters
listed below.
Parameter Options
Interface Unassigned, Supervisory, Network, 10/100 Ethernet, Virtual*
Type TDM, PPP, Frame Relay, IP, tty
Pair User -a s s ig n ed integer field th at s pe cifies w he r e to ro u t e th e tr affic
from this Service. If the Service is terminated by the unit, set this
value to “0 ” ( zero).
* PPP is the only service that may be attached to the Virtual interface. You would choose the
Virtual in terface for PPP if you elected to run PPP over Frame Relay. When you attach PPP to
the Virtual interface, you must supply an endpoint over which to send PPP encapsulated data,
and that endpoint must be for a Frame Relay D L CI.
In addition, the Service Details screen provides the following user-activated
buttons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any values that have been changed.
Interface Details Opens the Details screen for the Interfa ce of the current ly select ed
service.
Type Details Opens the Details screen for the Type of the current ly s elected
service.
Delete Service Opens the Verify Delete Service screen.
Interface Details Button
Clicking the “Interface Details” button on the Service Details screen lets you
view inte rface param eters for the se lected ser vice. Yo u will also see th e
interface parameters for the selected service if you click on the interface under
the “Inte rface” col umn on t he Serv ices screen .
Web Server Interface 3-15
Type Details Button
Clicking the “Type Details” button on the Service Details scr een lets you
view (an d, in some cases, c hange) interface p aramete rs for the specified
service. The details displayed depend on the type of service currently in effec t
for the s elected se rvice. Yo u will se e this sam e screen if you click on t he
service under the “Type” colum n on the Services screen. Type Details scree ns
for the various serv ices are presented be low.
Delete Service Button
Click the “Delet e Service” button to remove the currently conf igured service
identified by the Service Details screen. Deleting the selected service will
remove a ll reference s to thi s servic e. These re ferences may inc lude fra me
relay, DLCI, endpoint, and Service Aware configurations.
After clic king the “Delete Service” button, you will b e present ed with a
confirmation screen (Figure 3.15). Click the “Confirm Delete Service” button
to confirm the removal of the selected service. To cancel, simply invoke your
browser’s “Ba ck” function.
Figure 3.15
Confirm Delete Service Screen
Channel T able Det ails Screen
Click on the TDM link under the “Type” column on the Services screen to
display the Channel Table Details scree n (Figure 3.16).
3-16 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.16
Channel Table Details Screen
The Channel Table Details screen lets you establish the Rate, Service, and
Idle Patt ern param eters fo r any avai lable cha nnel. The screen paramete rs are
described be low.
Rate
The unit can operate at any data rate that is a multiple of 56 or 64 kbps.
Values: 56K, 64K
Default: 64K
Service
Specifies the service to which this channel is allocate d. Refer to the Service
Table to s ee how t he current servic es are co nfigured.
Idle Pattern
Selects the DS0 idle pattern sent by the unit and lets the unit determine if the
DS0 idle pattern has been sent by the other end.
Values: 0−255
Default: 127
Frame Relay Service Details Screen
Click on “Frame Relay” under the “Type” colum n on the Services screen to
access th e Frame Relay Ser vice De tails screen (Figu re 3.17). This screen lets
you access the configuration parameters described in the paragraphs below.
Web Server Interface 3-17
Figure 3.17
Frame Relay Service Details Screen
Interface Type
Link Management
Max Frame Size
If this service is conn ected to a Frame Relay net work, the Interface Type
should be set to “UNI” as it is the user side of a User-to-Network interface. If
it is connec ted to a FRAD/Router, the Interfa ce Type should be set to “NI” as
it is the network side of a User-to- Network interface. If it is connected to an
equipment set for Network-to-Network interface, the Interface Type should be
set to “NNI.”
Values: UNI, NI, NNI
Default: UNI
This parameter should be set to the link management used by the equipment
connected to it. If set to “Auto,” the unit will learn the link management type
and display it on the status portion of this screen.
Once it discovers the link management type, the unit should be set to the
discovered value so that subsequent unit or network re-initialization will be
faster.
Values: Auto, ANSI, CCITT, LMI, None
Default: ANSI
If Auto Diagnostic is set to “Yes,” the unit will discard rece ived frames that
are larger than the maximum frame size . If Auto Diagnostic is set to “No,”
these large received frames will be sent, but will be counted in the Rx Invalid
statistics.
Values: 64–4096
Default: 2500
3-18 T1 Access Router
N1
This counter indicates the number of “keep alive ” status inquiries that are sent
between full status requests.
Values: 5–255
Default: 5
N2
The N2 counter specifies the total number of link reliability errors and
protocol errors that can occur during the sliding event monitor count defined
by N3. If this count is exceeded, the port is declared inactive.
Values: 1–255
Default: 3
N3
This counter represents a Monitored Events Count. For a network, a
monitored event is the receipt of a status inquiry message or the expiration of
the polling verification timer T2. For a FRAD, a monitored event is the
transmission of a status enquiry message. This paramete r defines the size of
the sliding window used by the unit to determine whether a channel or user
device is a ctive.
Values: 5–255
Default: 4
T1
This parameter specifies the number of seconds the unit waits between issuing
status inquiry messa ges.
Values: 5–30
Default: 10
RFC1315 Trap
Normal Tx Queue Size
When this parameter is set to “Enable,” the unit will send the standard
RFC1315 frame relay DTE circuit state change trap every time a DLCI
changes state, provided a t least one destination I P address for trap is
configured in the SNMP configuration.
Values: Disable, Enable
Default: Disable
Each Frame Relay service has two distinct transmit queues: one for normalpriority tra ffic and on e for hig h-priority traffic. At this tim e, only TC P Server
traffic is considered high priority and is placed in the high-priority queue. All
other typ es of traffi c are p laced in the norma l-priority queue.
This parameter defines how many normal priority frames can be put in front
of a high-priority frame. The software always checks for high-priority frames
before placing normal-priority frames in the transmit queue. However, once
the frames are in the hardware transmit queue, their order of transmission
cannot be changed.
If TCP Server is not up, set this param eter to 28 (the default). If TCP Server
is up, set this parameter ac cording to the host system’s ability to support
higher latency. For exam ple, if a host system has a timeout of 500 ms when
polling remote devices through a DDS Frame Relay service, the Normal Tx
Queue Size parameter should be set to 2. This would allow two 1500-byte IP
frames to be sent between frames without reaching the 500-ms limit. If the
host application ha s a timeout lower than 500 ms, this parameter should be set
Web Server Interface 3-19
to 1. This then ensures a minimum latency f or TCP Server applications.
However, it will slow IP traffic since only one IP frame at a time can be
placed in the hardw are transmit queu e.
Default CIR (bps)
Default Be Rate (bps)
Enforce CIR and Be
Management DLCI
This is the Com mitted Information Ra te (in bits per second) provided by your
frame relay service provider. The unit will apply this value to each DLCI
learned from the network side to gather statistics and to perform CIR
enforcem ent, if req uired. If a DLCI i s configu red with a CIR different from
the default, the DLCI configuration will be used instead.
Values: 0–1536000
Default: 0
This is the Excess Burst Rate (in bits per second) provided by your frame
relay service provider. The unit will apply this value to each DLCI learned
from the network side to gather statistics and to perform CIR enfor cement, if
required. If a DLCI is configur ed with a different Excess Burst from the
default, the DLCI configuration will be used instead.
Values: 0–1536000
Default: 0
If this parameter is set to “Yes,” the unit will enf orce Committed Information
Rate and E xcess Burst.
Values: No, Yes
Default: No
If there is a DLCI entered (and submitted) in this field, it will be the only
DLCI that looks for in-band management packets. If a value of “0” (zero) is
entered in this field, all DLCIs will look for management packe ts.
Management Auto IP
DLCI
LMI Sourcing
FrameStart Auto
Discovery
If this parameter is set to “Yes,” the unit will monitor the specified
management DLCI for 5 pings over 5 seconds, after which the unit uses the
destination address as its management IP address.
If this parameter is set to “Yes,” the unit will source LMI messages for that
service. Set this pa rameter to “Ye s” if the service is not paired.
When set to “No,” the unit will not be the source of LMI messages for that
service. LM I mess ages will be exchan ged tr ansparentl y betwee n the paire d
services.
Values: No, Yes
Default: No
NOTICE: If either side of the Frame Relay connection goes down, you will be
unable to remotely access any connected units.
When this parameter is set to “Yes,” the unit will send FrameStart discovery
and delay frames to each DLCI it learns as soon as the DLCIs are set active.
This is required to calculate round trip delay as well a s to discover remote T1
Access Router/FST/F SD units. This paramete r should be set to “Yes” only on
network services that have a T1 Access Router/FST/FSD at the far end of the
3-20 T1 Access Router
frame relay connection. Also if set to “Yes,” the unit will gather SLA
parameters such as frame and data delivery ratio as defined in the F rame
Relay Forum Implementation, FRF.13. Those gathered statistics are then
displayed on the DLCI Statistics screen as shown on page 3-37.
Values: No, Yes
Default: No
Round T rip Delay Size
(bytes)
Round T rip Delay Rate
(secs)
Active
LMI T ype
FrameStart Status
Rx Invalid Thr eshold
Rx Invalid Alarm
Specifies the frame size (in bytes) of packets making the round-trip.
Specifies the rate (in seconds) at which Round Trip Delay packets are sent.
S tatus and Alarms Table
The table displayed at the bottom of the Frame Relay Service Details screen
reports on the status and condition of LMI parameters and on Receive/
Transmit alarms and thresholds. Alarm threshold levels m ay be changed by
entering a new threshold value in the appropriate field of the table and
clicking the “Submit” button. Table fields are described below.
Read-only field shows whethe r or not (Yes or No) an alarm is act ive.
Read-only status indicates AN SI, CCITT, LMI rev. 1, or Unknown.
Read-only status indicates Sourcing, Monitoring, or 0.
Number of invalid frames received during a 15-minute interval after which an
invalid alarm will be trigge red. Default of “0” disables this alarm.
Status of t his alar m indicat es OK o r Alarme d.
Tx Threshold
Tx Alarm
Rx Threshold
Rx Alarm
Number of bits per second sent during a 15-minute interval after which a Tx
alarm will be triggered. Default of 0 disables this alar m.
Status of t his alar m indicat es OK o r Alarme d.
Number of bits per second sent during a 15-minute interval after which an Rx
alarm will be triggered. Default of 0 disables this alar m.
Status of t his alar m indicat es OK o r Alarme d.
The Frame Relay Details screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Submit S ets any values that have been changed.
Frame Relay Statistics Opens the Frame Relay Port Statistics screen for th e current
Frame Relay service.
Web Server Interface 3-21
Button Function
DLCI Table Opens the DLCI Table screen, which displays all the DLCIs
on the current service. Refer to DLCI Table Screen on
page 3-38 for more inf ormation.
Clear Alarms Clears all Frame Relay alarms.
NOTICE: When a “Submit” command is executed, the Frame Relay link will be
re-initialized with the new parameters, causing a brief interruption in
data transf er.
Clicking the “Frame Relay Stati stics” button br ings up a table (Figure 3.18) that
reports on the st atus and condition of LMI parameters and on Receive/Transmit
alarms and thresholds. Alarm threshold levels may be changed by ent ering a
new threshold val ue in the appropriate field on the Frame Relay Service Details
screen and clicking the “Submit” button.
Figure 3.18
Frame Relay Port Statistics Screen
Transmit
Frames
Octets
Mgmt Frames
Mgmt Octets
3-22 T1 Access Router
Number of frames transmitte d by the port.
Number of octets transmitte d by the port.
Number of management frames transmitted by the port.
Number of management octets transmitted by the port.
Stat Inquiries
Number of octets transmitte d in frame relay LMI status inquiries.
Stat Responses
Frames
Octets
Mgmt Frames
Mgmt Octets
FECN
BECN
Invalids
Stat Inquiries
Stat Responses
Invalid LMIs
Number of octets transmitte d in frame relay LMI status response s.
Receive
Number of frames received by the port.
Number of octets received by the port.
Number of management frames receive d by the port.
Number of management octets received by the port.
Number of Forward Explicit Congestion Notification frames received.
Number of Backward Explicit Congestion Notification fr ames received.
Number of invalid frames received.
Number of octets received in frame relay LMI status inquiries.
Number of octets received in frame relay LMI status responses.
Number of invalid Local Management Interface frames received.
Throughput (bits /sec)
Peak
A verage
Period Index
Peak bandwidth (in bps) as measured over a 10-second period.
Average bandwidth (in bps) used by the port.
Selects the interval (Current, Summary, or 1-96) to be viewed on the Frame
Relay Port Statisti cs screen .
The Frame Relay Port Statistic s screen provides the following user-activated
buttons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any val ues that have been changed.
All Frame Relay
Intervals
Type Details Returns you to the Frame Relay Servi ce Details screen.
Clear Stats Clears all Frame Relay sta ti stics.
PPP Service Details Screen
Click on “ PPP” u nder the “ Type” column on the Ser vices scre en to vi ew the
PPP Service Details screen (Figure 3.19). This menu gives you access to the
configuration parameters described in the paragraphs below.
Opens the Frame Relay Statis tics screen that sho ws all statistics
for all parameters.
Web Server Interface 3-23
Figure 3.19
PPP Servic e Details Screen
ACCM
MRU
Port IP Address
Peer IP Address
Virtual PPP over
The Asynchronous Control Character Map (ACCM) configuration option
provides a method to negotiate the use of control character transparency on
asynchronous links.
Values: 0–4294967295
Default: 4294967295
The Maximum Receive Units configuration option may be set to inform the
peer that the implementation can receive larger packets, or to request that the
peer send smaller p ackets.
Values: 128–4096
Default: 1500
The IP Address of the port. For unnumbere d PPP link, set to 0.0.0.0 and set
IP Address Negotiation to “No.”
Default: 192.168.1.2
The IP address of the peer that will negotiate authentication protocols.
Default: 192.168.1.3
Endpoint name over which to send PPP encapsula ted data (i.e., PPP over
Frame Relay). Valid only when the PPP inte rface is Virtual.
Auth Challenge
Interval
3-24 T1 Access Router
The time interval (in seconds) between CHAP challenges. A value of “0”
(zero) disables the periodic authentication c hallenge.
Values: 0−3600
Default: 0 (disabled)
Initiate Negotiation
Determines whether the port actively negotiate s with the peer site or passively
waits for ne gotiation requests.
Values: Yes, No
Default: Yes
Allow PAP
Allow CHAP
PAP Username
PAP Password
CHAP Username
Lets the peer to negotiate for PAP.
Values: No, Yes
Default: No
Lets the peer to negotiate for CHAP.
Values: No, Yes
Default: No
This field is used to log on to the peer. Type the appropriate PAP Username
in this field.
Values: User establis hed
Default: Username
Enter the password necessary to log on to the peer under a given PAP
Username.
Values: User establis hed
Default: None
Type the appropriate CHAP Hostname in this field.
Values: User establis hed
Default: Hostname
CHAP Secret
Enter the S ecret (i. e., passw ord) neces sary to challeng e the peer .
Values: User establis hed
Default: Secret
Parameters To Negotiate
The table displayed near the bottom of the PPP Service Details screen shows
which parameters are set to be negotiated. You can specify which par ameters
should be nego tiated by clicking on the pull-d own menu next to each
parameter and selecting the desired option. P arameters that can be negotiated
are described below.
Parameter Description
Protocol Header
Compression
IPCP (IP Control
Protocol)
Compression
Compresses PPP protocol headers.
Default = Yes
Compresses TCP headers using Van Jacobsen compression.
Default = Yes
Web Server Interface 3-25
Parameter Description
MRU (Maximum
Rece iv e U n it s )
HDLC Address
Compression
IP Address Dynamically negotiates for IP addresses; otherwise, it is
ACCM Negotiates the use of control character transparenc y o n
Magic Number Unique numbers useful for detecting loopbacks.
PAP (Password
Authentication
Protocol)
CHAP (ChallengeHandshake
Authentication
Protocol)
Info rm s th e p ee r th at the imp le m e n tation can receive larger
packet s , or to r eq u es t th at th e p ee r send small er pa ck ets.
Default = Yes
Provides a m ethod to negotiate the com pression of high-le vel
data link control (HDLC) addresses.
Default = Yes
assumed both sides know each other’s IP addresses.
Default = Yes
asynchronous links.
Default = Yes
Default = Yes
An authentication scheme used by PPP servers to validate the
identity of the originator of the connection.
Default = No
An authentication scheme used by PPP servers to validate the
identity of the originator of the connection upon connection or
any time later.
Default = No
PPP Statistics
Clicking the “PPP Statistic s” button brings up a table (Figure 3.18) that reports
on traffic.
Figure 3.20
PPP Statist ic s Screen
3-26 T1 Access Router
Transmit
Frames
Octets
Mgmt Frames
Mgmt Octets
Frames
Octets
Mgmt Frames
Mgmt Octets
Invalids
Peak
A verage
Number of frames transmitte d by the port.
Number of octets transmitte d by the port.
Number of management frames transmitted by the port.
Number of management octets transmitted by the port.
Receive
Number of frames received by the port.
Number of octets received by the port.
Number of management frames receive d by the port.
Number of management octets received by the port.
Number of invalid frames received.
Throughput (bits /sec)
Peak bandwidth (in bps) as measured over a 10-second period.
Average bandwidth (in bps) used by the port.
Period Index
Selects the interval (Current, Summary, or 1-96) to be viewed on the PPP
Statistics s creen.
The PPP Statistics screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any val ues that have been changed.
All PPP Intervals Opens the PPP Stats screen that shows all statistics for all pa ram e-
ters.
Type Details Returns you to the PPP Service Details screen.
Clear Stats Clears all PPP statistics.
PAP Table
At the bottom of the PPP Services Details screen are two buttons that display
tables for PAP and CHAP details. The PAP Table (F igure 3.21) displays the
Usernames and Passwords for 10 entries.
Web Server Interface 3-27
Figure 3.21
PAP Table S cre en
Select an Index number and click the “PAP Details” button at the bottom of
this screen to bring up a PAP Details screen (Figure 3.22) in which you can
view, change, or delete the Username and Password for that particular PAP
Index.
Figure 3.22
PAP Details Screen
To change the Username and Password for a selected PAP Index (PAP: 1 in
the example above), enter the new information in the appropriate fields and
click the “Submit” button.
To delete the Username and Password for a selected PAP Index, delete the
character string displayed in both fields (leaving them blank) and click the
“Submit” button.
The “Type Details” button returns you to the PPP Type Details screen.
CHAP Table
From the P PP Serv ice Deta ils screen, click th e “CHAP Table” but ton to view
a table (Figure 3.23) of the CHAP Usernam e and Secret information for each
of 10 entries.
3-28 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.23
Select an Index number and click the “CHAP Details” button at the bottom of
this screen to bring up a screen in which you can change the Username and
Secret fo r that par ticular CH AP Inde x.
CHAP Table Screen
Figure 3.24
To change t he Usern ame a nd Secre t for a s elected CHA P Index, enter t he new
information in the appropriate fields and click the “Submit” button.
The “Type Details” button returns you to the PPP Type Details screen.
IP Service Details Screen
The IP S ervice Det ails scre en and Et hernet St ats scr eens are de scribed e arlier
in this chapter on in page 3-11 and page 3-12, respectively.
Applications
CHAP Details Screen
Endpoint Table
The Applications screens describe configuration tables and statistics for
Layer 3 and above that do not map to a specific se rvice or interface.
The Endpoint Table (Figure 3.25) describes all endpoints terminating in the
unit; user-activated buttons are provided to view the Endpoint Details,
Endpoint Service Details, and Endpoint DLCI Details screens.
Web Server Interface 3-29
The Endpoint Table and its corresponding DLCIs will be saved in the
configuration database only after at least one endpoint parameter has been
changed and submitted in the Endpoint Details screen (page 3-30).
NOTICE: The Endpoint Table and its corresponding DLCIs will be saved in the
configuration database only after at least one endpoint parameter has
been changed and submitted in the Endpoint Details Screen on
page 3-31. When in IP Gateway, if you decide to use a “discovered”
endpoint, you must rename it. A discov ered endpoint cannot be used
elsewhere (i.e., IP Gateway) until it has been renamed. Also, it will not
be saved in the configuration database.
NOTICE: Endpoint names of the form PPP-Sn are reserved by the system. These
system-generated endpoints cannot be modified.
Figure 3.25
Endpoint Table Screen
For most applications, you will not have to modify the Endpoint Table and
DLCI Table. Modification is necessary, however, to configure remote in-band
management. (See In Band Management on page 3-34.)
Endpoint Details Screen
The Endpoint Details screen (Figure 3.26). which you access by clicking on
an Index number on the Endpoint Table, lets you access the configuration
parameters described in the paragraphs below.
3-30 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.26
Endpoint Details Screen
Name
Service
DLCI
When the unit learns a new DLCI, it create s an endpoint entry and a DLCI
entry if they are not already configured. The endpoint’s Name will
automatically be assigne d as “Dynamic”; however, this name can (and most
likely should) be changed to reflect a remote location name. S ubmitting a
changed Name parameter will cause the endpoint entry and its corresponding
DLCI entry to be saved in the configuration database.
Value: A string of up to 11 characters
Default: None
CAUTION: When configuring endpoints, the name you assign each endpoint in
the Name parameter field must be unique within the unit.
The Servi ce Index n umber (from th e Service Table) on which this DLC I was
found or configured.
Values: Displays t he curre ntly act ive Servic es (by ind ex num ber) or th e
Service(s) on which the DLCI was discovered.
Default: 0
The DLCI number.
Values: 16–1023
Default: 0
Forward Endpoint
By default, each DLCI is switched to its pair service in the Service Table
using the same DLCI number. If this endpoint has to be switched to a
different DLCI or a different service, the endpoint index of the destination
must be configured here.
For most applications, you will not need to set this parameter .
Values: 0–256
Default: 0
Web Server Interface 3-31
Backup Endpoint
If this DLCI has an alternative endpoint to switch to in case this DLCI
becomes inactive, you would configure the endpoint index of this alternative
endpoint here.
For most applications, you will not need to set this parameter .
Values: 0–256
Default: 0
SLP Reference
Endpoint
Remote IP Address
This is the reference endpoint index to use for the SLA parameters. As most
applications have the same SLAs for all DLCI s, they need to be configured in
only one DLCI entry. All SLA parameters can then be copied from the
endpoint index of this conf igured DLCI. If no SLP reference endpoint is
configured and the DLCI SLA parameters are not configured, the value s in
the Frame Relay Service Details will be used (default CIR, Be, enforc ement).
For most applications, you will not need to set this parameter .
Values: 0–256
Default: 0
If this T1 Access Router unit is to be used to manage a remote T1 Access
Router unit, the IP address of the remote T1 Access Router unit must be
configured here. This DLCI can be used for management only, or for
management and actual data.
If this para meter is set, a P C connect ed to the LAN i nterface of this T1
Access Router can reach a remote T1 Access Router through this DLCI. The
remote IP address must be part of an IP network that is different from the
local T1 Access Router, and the local T1 Acce ss Router's IP addres s must be
configured into the PC. This way, local and remote T1 Access Routers can be
reached regardless of the availability of the routers connected at the back of
the T1 Access Routers.
Values: IP address
Default: 0.0.0.0
Remote IP Mask
Type
If the Re mote IP Addr ess is set, the Remote IP M ask must also be set.
If data received from this DLCI has to be switched to its corresponding
destination port, the type must be set to “Switched.” The type should be set to
“Local” for any DLCI that is used for management purposes only.
New DLCI
This field is used to create a new DLCI if it is not already configured. To
create a n ew DLCI, enter a valid DL CI num ber in the field an d click the
“Submit” button. The new DLCI number will be reflected in the DLCI field
of the Endpoint Details screen.
3-32 T1 Access Router
Values: IP address
Default: 0.0.0.0
Values: Switched, Local
Default: Switched
The Endpoint Details screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any values that have been changed.
Service Details Opens the Service details screen showing the selected service's
settings.
DLC I D et ails Disp l ay s details of th e selected DLCI.
Delete Endpoint Deletes the currently displayed endpoint.
Endpoint Service Details Screen
Clicking on the “Service Details” button at the bottom of the Endpoint Table
scree n d ispl ays the typ ica l Se rvi ce D eta ils s cr een. Re fer to Service Details
Screen on page 3-14 for a complete description of this type of screen.
DLCI Details Screen
The DLCI Details screen (Figure 3.27) lets you access the configuration
parameters described in the paragraphs below. To bring up this screen, click
on a specific DLCI under the “DLCI” column on the Endpoint Table screen,
or on the “DLCI Details” button on the Endpoint Details screen.
Figure 3.27
DLCI Details Screen
The unit uses the first three configuration parameters (Protoc ol Encapsulation,
Proprietary Traffic Type, and Proprietary Offse t) to gather statistics. For inband management, “RFC 1490” must be the encapsulation method.
Protocol Encapsulation
Type of encapsulation used by the FRAD/Router connected to the unit.
Values: RFC 1490, Propr ietary
Default: RFC 1490
Web Server Interface 3-33
Propriet ary Traffi c
Type
When Protocol Encapsulation is set for “Proprietary,” the Proprietary Traffic
Type parameter defines which protocol is encapsulated.
Values: IP, IPX, Ethertype, None
Default: None
Proprie tary Offse t
CIR (bps)
Be (bps)
Bc (bps)
When Protocol Encapsulation is set for “Proprietary,” the Proprietary Offse t
parameter defines the number of octets a fter the frame relay header where the
proprietary traffic type starts.
Values: 0–64
Default: 0
If a Committed Information Rate is configured here, its va lue will be used
instead o f the defau lt CIR of the F rame Relay servi ce.
Values: 0–1536000
Default: 0
If an Excess Burst Rate is configured here, its value will be used instead of
the default excess burst of the Frame Relay service.
Values: 0–1536000
Default: 0
If CIR enforcement is configure d to “Yes,” the unit will throttle the
committed burst down to this value when frames are received with the BECN
bit set.
Values: 0–1536000
Default: 0
Discard Eligible Flag
In Band Management
FrameStart Delay
FrameStart Status
If this parameter is set to “Yes” and CIR enforcement is also set to “Yes,” the
unit will set the Discard Eligible (DE) bit for frames sent over CIR.
Values: Yes, No
Default: No
If the unit is to be used as a gateway to reach a remote T1 Access Router
through this DLCI, this para meter should be set to “Yes,” and the remote IP
address and Mask should be configured in the corresponding endpoint.
Values: Yes, No
Default: No
If this parameter is set to “Enable,” the unit will send Fram eStart discovery
and delay frames on this DLCI, and will report the state of the remote
Verilink FSx unit. It will also send SOS frames when the FRAD/router
connected to this unit goes inactive.
Values: Enable, Disable
Default: Enable if Auto Discovery is set to “Yes”; Disable otherwise
If th e rem o te u n it is a V er ili n k FS x product and FrameStart Auto Discovery is
enabled, the FrameStart Status field will show the status of the remote unit.
The statu s is “Acti ve” if bo th the l ocal and remote DL CIs ar e active an d the
3-34 T1 Access Router
remote unit answers to the discovery frames sent by this unit. The status is
“SOS” if the remote unit is active but the FRAD/Router connected to it is
inactive. The status is “Inactive” in all other cases.
Values: Active, Inacti ve, SOS
Default: Inactive
Remote DLCI
Remote Unit
Remote Unit IP
Address
Round T rip Delay Size
(bytes)
Round T rip Delay Rate
(secs)
If the rem ote unit is a Ve rilink FSx product, and FrameStart Auto Discovery
is enabled, this displa ys the DLCI number used on the remote end of this
DLCI.
Values: 16−1023
Default: 0
If the rem ote unit is a Ve rilink FSx product, and FrameStart Auto Discovery
is enabled, this parameter gives the first three digits of the unit ID configure d
on the remote end of this DLCI.
Values: 000−999
Default: 000
Displays the IP address of the remote Verilink unit with Fram eStart
technology if FrameStart Auto Discovery is enabled.
Specifies the frame size (in bytes) of packets making the round-trip. If the
Round Trip Delay S ize is not configured, the Frame Relay Details values will
be used.
Specifies the rate (in seconds) at which Round Trip Delay packets are sent. If
the Round Trip Delay Rate is not configured, the Frame Relay Details values
will be used.
Status
Receiving FE CN/
BECN
CIR Threshold
DLCI Status Table
The bottom portion of the screen displays a table detailing the actua l status of
DLCI and alarm threshold information as follows:
If this DLCI is up, the status will be “ Active”; otherwise, the status will be
“Inactive.”
Values: Active, Inactive
Default: Inactive
When a frame is received with congestion bit set, this parameter is set to
“Yes.” It is set back to “No” when a frame is re ceived without congestion bit
set.
Values: Yes, No
Default: No
Sets the Tx over CIR alarm threshold. This threshold is the number of bits per
second in excess of CIR during a 15-minute interval. Setting this field to “0”
(zero) disables the alarm.
Web Server Interface 3-35
CIR Alarm
Reports if the Tx over CIR threshold has been exceeded.
Bits Over Be Threshold
Bits Over Be Alarm
Congestion Threshold
Congestion Alarm
BECN in CIR
UAS Threshold
UAS Alarm
Sets the Tx over Be alarm threshold. This threshold is the number of bits per
second in excess of CIR + Be during a 15-minute interval. Setting this field to
“0” (zero ) disables the ala rm.
Reports if the Tx over Be threshold has been exceeded.
Sets the Rx Congestion alarm threshold. This threshold is the num ber of
frames received with BECN/FECN. Setting this field to “0” (zero) disables
the alarm.
Reports if the Rx Congestion threshold has been exceeded.
Reports if Backward Explicit Congestion Notification (BECN) has been
received within CIR.
Sets the Unavailable Seconds (UAS) alarm threshold. This threshold occurs
after the DLCI is unavailable for a specified number of seconds. Setting this
field to “0 ” (zero) d isables t he alarm .
Reports if the UAS threshold has been exce eded.
The DLCI Details screen provides the user-activated buttons defined below.
Button Function
Submit Sets and activates newly defined DLCI param eters.
Clea r Al ar ms Clears al l DL C I ala r ms .
DLCI Statistics Displays a tabl e of the stat istics for this DLCI.
DLCI Table Di sp lay s a table of al l DLCIs on a specif i c fram e rel ay serv ice , with
their state and alarm conditions.
DLCI Statistics Screen
Clicking the “D LCI Statistic s” button on the DLCI Details screen will display
a summary (Figure 3.28) of the Transmit, Receive, and Performance statistics
for the s elected D LCI for a specific period.
3-36 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.28
DLCI Statistic s Screen
There are ninety-six 15-minute buckets (sampled every sec ond) available for
DLCI statistics. If the unit is powered on at 01:00 PM, the first interval will
be completed at 01:15 PM; subsequent intervals would be completed at xx:30,
xx:45, xx:00 and xx:15. Interval 1 is always the latest (most recent) interval,
and interval 96 will always be the oldest.
The DLC I Statisti cs screen i n the pr eceding fi gure sh ows a sum mary t hat
includes all 96 buckets. You can c hoose to see the statistics for any given
bucket by selecting the desired Period Index from the pull-down menu and
clicking the “Submit” button. Alternatively, you can display all intervals at
once by clicking the “All DLCI Intervals” button beneath the table. The MIB
(ipadv2.mib) describes each avai lable stat istic. “F DR” on t he screen a bove
refers to Frame Delivery Ratio, which is the ration of successful frame
receptions to attempted frame transmissions. “DDR” refers to Data Delivery
Ratio or the ratio o f succes sful payl oad bytes received to atte mpted pa yload
bytes transmitted. “ DE,” or Discard Eligible, refers to the data that is first
eligible to be discarded when network congestion occurs.
DLCI Table Screen
Clicking the “DLCI Table” button on the DLCI Details screen will display a
table of all DLCIs on a specific frame relay service along with their state and
alarm co nditions.
Web Server Interface 3-37
Service Aware
Figure 3.29
DLCI Table Screen
NOTICE: The DLCI Table and DLCI Details screens are av ailable from both the
Endpoint Table and the Frame Relay Service Details screens.
The Service Aware function recognizes IP traffic and counts the number of
frames and bytes passed for a specific service based on filters by DLCI, by IP
Address, and by IP Port. Each row of the Service Aware table represents a
specific set of filte r parameters known as a “rule.” Each rule is established
through the Rule Config screen, which is accessed by clicking the “ Rule
Details” button at the bottom of the Service Aware screen.
The Service Aware screen (Figure 3.30) provides a table showing these
filtered packet counts for up to 10 rules. This table indicates which Service
Aware filters are enabled or disabled, and shows the specif ic DLCI, IP
Address, and IP Port by which the IP traf fic is filtered. In addition, this table
shows the Tx Alarm Thresho ld and the curr ent Tx Al arm stat us (if en abled)
for each rule.
It is also possible to filter PPP services, in which case all information related
to DLCIs is ignored.
3-38 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.30
Service Aware Screen
NOTICE: If you change the Service parameter, you must click on “Submit” to see
the appropriate DLCIs.
The Servi ce Awar e screen p rovides a “Clear Alarms ” user-acti vated but ton at
the bottom of the screen.
Rule Details Screen
Use the Rule Details screen (Figure 3.31) to establish Service Aware
parameters. To access the screen, click on the appropria te number under the
“Index” column on the Se rvice Aware screen. To establish a rule, you must
select the desired rule configuration options and provide the appropriate filter
information where requir ed. Then press the “Submit” button a t the bottom of
the screen.
Web Server Interface 3-39
Figure 3.31
Rule Details Screen
The paragraphs below describe the rule configuration parameters and their
options.
Service
DLCI
Filter By DLCI
IP Address
IP Mask
Selects the service to which the rule applies. Select f rom a pull-down list of
available s ervices.
NOTICE: If you change the Service parameter, you must click on “Submit” to see
the appropriate DLCIs.
Selects the DLCI to which the rule applies from a pull-down list of applicable
DLCIs.
Enables or disables filtering of the IP traffic by the DLCI specified in the
DLCI pull-down list.
NOTICE: To use this filter, you must specify both the Service and DLCI
parameters in the rule configuration.
Establishes the IP address by which the rule will filter IP traffic (if enabled).
Represents a range of IP addresses defined so that only machines with IP
addresses within the range defined by the mask are allowed to access an
Internet service. To mask a portion of the IP address, replac e it with the wild
card character “0” (zero). (For e xample, 192.44.0.0 represents every computer
on the Internet with an IP address beginning with 192.44.)
Filter By IP Address
Enables or disables filtering of the IP traffic by the IP address specified in the
IP Address or IP Ma sk field.
IP Port
3-40 T1 Access Router
Establishes the IP port by which the rule will filter IP traffic (if enabled).
Filter By IP Port
Enables or disables filtering of the IP traffic by the IP port specified in the IP
Port field.
Tx Alarm Threshold
Tx Alarm
IP Port List
Specifies the threshold in octets for the Transmit Alarm on this rule.
Shows th e current T ransmi t Alarm s tatus.
Provides a drop-down list of well-known port IDs for TCP and UDP. To enter
a port ID, select an option from the list and click the “Enter” button. The
selected port ID value will then be reflected in the IP Port field.
Traffic Meter Statistics Screen
The Traffi c Meter S tatisti cs screen (F igure 3. 32) displ ays a su mmary of the
number of frames and octets sent over a DLCI that have been counted in
accordance with the Servi ce Aware “rule” es tablished for a Se rvice. As such,
it is Frame Relay specific (i.e., DLCIs only occur in Frame Relay links). In
addition, this sc reen provides data rate performance information for the period
of time specified in the Period Index field (see below). To access this screen,
click on the appropriate link under the “Statistics” column on the Service
Aware scre en.
Figure 3.32
Traffic Met er Statistics Screen
The Traffi c Meter S tatisti cs screen re ports on the fol lowing par ameters:
• Tx Frames
• Tx Octets
• Rx Frames
• Rx Octets
• Rate Peak – the peak data rate for the viewed period (see below)
• Rate Average – the average data rate for the viewed period (see below)
Web Server Interface 3-41
The Period Index field is used to define the period of time for which the
Traffic Meter statistics will be reported. It represents the 24-hour, 15-minute
buckets index. Selecting a period and then clicking the “Submit” button will
display the Traffic Meter Statistics for that period. Clicking on the “All
Traffic Meter Intervals” at the bottom of the screen displays the Traffic Meter
Statistics for all intervals as defined below.
Summary
Current
Interval 1, Interval 2,
..., Interval 96
SNMP
Represents the past 24 hours; reports the additive number of frames/octets, the
highest peak encountered for 24 hours, and the average for 24 hours.
Reports on the current 15-minute interval.
Reports on intervals 1-96 that correspond to the periods c ompleted 15 minutes
ago, 30 minutes ago, ..., 24 hours ago.
The unit detects and reports T1 network alarms and provides several options
for reporting them, one of which is SNMP traps. When a network alarm
occurs, the unit sends a trap message to as m any as eight de stinations on your
network. The unit will report each alarm by transmitting an SNMP “trap” to
each non-zero Trap IP address. The SNMP Details screen (Figure 3.33) lets
you configure the SNMP parameters described in the paragraphs below.
Figure 3.33
SNMP Details Screen
Read Community
Accepts a character string identifying the group authorized to perform read
operations. The default setting is “Public.”
Write Community
Accepts a character string identifying the group authorized to perform write
operations. The default setting is “Private.”
Trap Community
Accepts a character str ing, which is included in SNMP traps generated by the
unit. The default setting is “Public.”
Trap IP Address
Accepts the IP address of a network device where alarm reporting traps are to
be sent.
3-42 T1 Access Router
Diagnostics
The Diagnostics screen (Figure 3.34) provides a table for viewing the current
settings for the test and maintenance functions performed on the available
interfaces . This scr een show s an uppe r-level vi ew of a ll the int erfaces s o you
can see if any port is under test, and, if so, view the results. You may change
Diagnostic parameters on the Test Details screen, which is accessed from a
button on the Diagnostic s screen. The properties of the Diagnostics table are
described in the paragraphs below.
Description
Loop Type
Setting
Pattern
Length
State
Figure 3.34
Diagnostics Screen
Describes the type of interface selected for testing.
Describes the type of loop test (if any) performed on the selected interface.
Displays the bandwidth on which you wish to per form the BERT.
Specifies the pattern to be transmitted during a BERT for the selected port.
Displays the length of time for which the BERT should run for the selected
interface.
Displays t he curre nt BERT state for the select ed inter face.
Elapsed Time
BE
ES
% EFS
Displays the time elapsed since a BERT began or, if completed, the total test
time.
Displays the total number of bit errors detected since the BERT began or
since erro r statistics were la st clear ed.
Displays the number of asynchronous errored seconds detected since the
BERT beg an or si nce error statistic s were las t cleared . This parameter
includes bit error seconds and sync loss seconds.
Displays what percent of the total BERT time ran error free. This ratio is
derived from the number of error-free seconds divided by the number of
seconds accumulated in Ela psed Time.
Web Server Interface 3-43
Test Details Screen
The Test Details screen (Figure 3.35) lets you set some test par ameters and
view other r ead-only parameters. This screen is also used to initiate a BER T
or Loop Test.
Figure 3.35
Test Details Screen
BERT Table
The BERT table provided on the Test Details sc reen lets you set the test
paramete rs listed be low.
Setting
Service
Channel Rate
BERT Pattern
Displays the bandwidth on which you wish to per form the BERT. The
available values for this parameter depend on which interface is selected.
Values: Idle Channels, Channel 1...24, Net, Use Service
Default: Net
Selects the channels with a service to BER T. (Refer to Figure 3.13 on
page 3-14.)
Sets the bit rate to BERT for each selec ted channel. If “Νx64K” is selected,
the ones density requirements of the T1 network line must be ensured. If
“Νx56K” is selected, ones density for the selected DS0 channel is maintained.
Values: Nx56K, Nx64K
Default: Nx64K
Specifies the pattern to be transmitted during a test for the selected port.
15
Values: Marks, QRSS, 511, 2047, 2
, Spaces
Default: QRSS
NOTICE: The 2
15
pattern is the ITU (European) v ersion, not the ANSI version.
3-44 T1 Access Router
Test Duration
Specifies the length of time for which the test should run for the selected port.
Values: 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 24 hours, Continuous
Default: 15 minutes
You can also view the following read-only parameters from this scr een:
Pattern Sync
Elapsed Time
Bit Errors
Errored Seconds
%EFS
Displays the state of pattern sync during a test. If no test is in progress, “No
Test” is displayed. If a test is active, but the receive r is not in pattern sync,
“No Sync” is displayed. If the receiver is in pattern sync, “In Sync” is
displayed.
Displays the time elapsed since a timed test began or, if completed, the total
test time.
Displays the total number of bit errors detected since the test began or since
error statistics were cleared.
Displays the number of asynchronous errored seconds that have been detected
since the t est bega n or since error s tatistics w ere last cl eared.
Displays the percentage of time the test ran error-free. This ratio is derived
from the number of error free seconds divided by the number of seconds
accumulat ed in Elap sed Tim e.
Loop Table
The types of tests available for you to choose from depend on the currently
selected in terface. For th e Ne twork in terface, the L oop tab le pr ovided n ear t he
bottom of the Test Details screen lets you specify the type of Loop test to be
performed.
Values: No Test (Loop Down), payload loopback (PLB), line loopback
(LLB), maintenance loopba ck (MLB), Far PLB, Far LLB
Default: No Test (Loop Down)
Bit Errors
Errored Seconds
% EFS
Displays the total number of bit errors detected since the test began or since
error statistics were cleared.
Displays the number of asynchronous errored seconds that have been detected
since the t est bega n or since error s tatistics w ere last cl eared.
Displays the percentage of time the test ran error-free. This ratio is derived
from the number of error free seconds divided by the number of seconds
accumulat ed in Elap sed Tim e.
The Test Details screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Start Starts the specifie d BERT.
Stop Stops the currently running BERT.
Web Server Interface 3-45
Trap Log
Button Function
Error Inject Inje cts a bit error.
Reset Errors Resets the current error count.
Loop Submit Sets the type of Loop test.
The Trap Log scre en (Figur e 3.36) s hows a c ollection of all t he traps th at
have been generated. A trap is a mechanism that permits a device to send an
alarm for certain network events to an SNMP management station; in other
words, traps are notifications of triggered alarms.
The table shown in this screen lists each trap by its Index number, and
displays the type of error captured by the trap (Trap Number), the date and
time the trap was stored (Time Stamp), its description, and its value.
To remove all trap information store d in memory, click the “Delet e All
Traps” button.
Top Talkers
Figure 3.36
Trap Log Screen
Clicking on the Top Talkers link in the navigation tree displays a screen
(Figure 3.37) where you can set parameters for and initiate the generation of a
list of IP addresses ranked in terms of the number of frames and octets they
have transmitted during a specified reporting period. This report allows MIS
managers to determine who is generating the most traffic on a WAN based on
IP addresses.
3-46 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.37
Top Talkers Screen
To generate a Top Talkers report, enter the desired report siz e in the
appropriate field and then click the “Submit” button.
Duration
Time Remaining
Requested Report Size
Report #
Establishes the amount of time (in seconds) for which the Top Talkers report
will capture IP traffic; typically this value is 900 seconds (15 minutes).
Establishes the amount of time (in seconds) for which the Top Talkers report
will capture IP traffic; typically this value is 900 (15 minutes). As soon as
you initiate generation of the report by pressing the “Submit” button, the
Time Remaining value is copied over to the Duration field.
Establishes how many IP addresses will be reported as the “Top Talkers.”
NOTICE: While you may request any number, the unit is internally limited to a
maximum re port size of 20.
As soon as the specified Duration for the report has elapsed, the screen will
refresh itself and the resulting report-specific information will be displayed in
the outlined box at the bottom of the screen. This report comprise s elements
as defined in the following paragraphs.
Displays a unique number used to identify the generated report. This number
is generated automatically, is incremented sequentially for each report, and
can be used by management stations for automatic polling (via the
ipadv2.mib).
Size
Start Time
System Up Time
Displays the actual number of Top Talkers generated by the report. The
maximum report size is 20.
Displays the time at which the Top Talkers report was initiated (ba sed on
System U p Time).
Displays the amount of time the unit has been operational since it was turned
on or last reset.
The Top Talkers table reports in descending order the IP addresse s that have
generated the most traffic during the requested report’s duration. For each IP
Web Server Interface 3-47
IP Gateway
address listed, the report displays the number of Rx frames, R x octets, Tx
frames, and Tx octets that have been passed across it. In addition, the
Timestam p field in dicates th e time a t which a packet w as exam ined for the
specified IP address.
The IP Ga teway is a feat ure of the T 1 Access Rout er tha t allow s routing of IP
packets from one network to another using static routes conf iguration and/or
dynamic routing. The IP Gateway uses Routing Information Protocol (RIP) 1
or RIP 2 or Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing.
RIP 1 and RIP 2 are protocols that allow exchange of routing infor mation
between two routers. With that information exchange, a router can build its
own routing tables that later can be used for “routing” IP packets.
OSPF is a shortest path first (SPF) or link-state protocol. OSPF is also an
internal gateway protocol (IGP) that distributes routing information between
routers in a single autonomous system (AS). OSPF chooses the least cost path
as the be st path.
While RIP is ideal for small- to medium -sized networks, OSPF is more
suitable for complex networks with a la rge number of routers. OSPF provides
equal cost multipath routing where packets to a single destination can be sent
via more than one interface simultaneously.
The IP Gateway also supports unnumbered networks. An unnumbered
network is a point-to-point c onnection without an assigned IP address This
feature reduces the number of IP addresses required.
Figure 3.38
IP Gateway Details Screen
3-48 T1 Access Router
RIP Parameters
RIP Enable
RIP Trust Neighbors
RIP Inter val
RIP Domain
OSPF Enable
OSPF Router ID
Globally enables RIP 1, RIP 2, or No RIP.
Values: Disable, Enable RIP1, Enable RIP2
Default: Enable RIP2
Globally enables the trusted neighbors feature. If there is a list of trusted
neighbors in an IP Gateway, only RIP packets coming from those trusted
neighbors will be used to build the internal routing table.
Values: Enable, Disable
Default: Enable
Interval for RIP packet to be sent. Default is 30 seconds.
Value representing the RIP domain. Default is 0.
OSPF Parameters
Globally enables OSPF.
Values: Disable, Enable
Default: Disable
This 32-bit number assigned to each router running the OSPF protoc ol
uniquely identifies the router within an Autonomous System. Each router
requires a unique router ID. Default is the LAN IP address of the unit.
The IP Ga teway scr een pr ovides the followin g user-act ivated b uttons:
Button Function
RIP Parameters
Static Route Table Displays static routes and dynamic routes information.
Static ARP Table Displays static ARP information.
Trusted Neighbors Displays truste d neighbors information.
OSPF Para meters
Area Table Displays area information.
Virtual Link Table Displays virtual link information.
Submit Submits to the unit information specific to IP Gateway.
Circuit Table Lets you access to circuit-related information/operation.
Circuit Table Screen
Access this menu by clicking on the “Circuit Table” button at the bottom of the
IP Gateway Details screen. The Circuit Table shows the configur ed circuit. To
configure a new circuit, click on "Add New."
Web Server Interface 3-49
Figure 3.39
Circuit Table Screen
Circuit Details Screen
Access this menu by clicking on the a ppropriate number under the “Index”
column on the Circu i t Tabl e screen .
Figure 3.40
Circuit Details Screen
Endpoint
Endpoint name. By de fault, the first circuit is always the LAN c ircuit. All
other circuits are associated with Endpoint names as defined in the Endpoint
Table shown in Figure 3.25 on page 3-30.
IP Address
IP Mask
Max Transmit Unit
Cost
IP Address of the circuit.
IP mask of the circuit.
Maximum transmit unit this circuit will send at any one time.
Represents the relative time of treatment of an IP packet. This value is used
when there are mu ltiple rout es to th e same d estination . When t wo or more
routes ar e available, the one with the lowest circuit co st is sel ected. A f rame
relay circuit should have a higher value than a LAN circuit.
3-50 T1 Access Router
RIP Status
Indicates whether or not RIP is enabled on this circuit.
Values: Enable, Disable
Default: Enable
Multicast Status
OSPF Status
OSPF Area
OSPF LSA Timer
OSPF LSU Delay
OSPF Router Priority
Indicates whether or not Multicast is enabled on this circuit.
Values: Enable, Disable
Default: Enable
Indicates w hether o r not OS PF is en abled on this circ uit.
Values: Enable, Disable
Default: Disable
Represent s the area that thi s circuit i s part o f.
Determines how often the Link State Acknowledgment (LSA) packet is sent.
Values: 1−3600
Default: 1
The estimated number of seconds it takes to transmit a Link State Update
(LSU) packet over this circuit interface.
Values: 1−3600
Default: 1
This 8-bit unsigned integer ranges from 1 to 255 and assigns priority to one of
two routers attached to the same network; without an assigned priority, both
routers attempt to become the designated router.
Values: 1−255
Default: 1
OSPF Hello Interval
OSPF D ead Interval
OSPF Auth Key
The time in seconds between the Hello packets that a router sends on a
circuit. This value is also advertised in the router’s Hello packets and must be
identical for all routers on the same network. The smaller the Hello Interval,
the sooner topological changes are detected (but then more traffic is created).
Values: 1−65535
Default: 1
The number of seconds during which a router’s “Hellos” have not been
received before its neighbors declare the router down. The value must be the
same as the value on the network.
Values: 1−65535
Default: 40
When configured, this parameter allows an authentication procedure to be
executed on the OSPF header. If the 64-bit (8 character) password does not
correspond, the packet is thrown away.
Values: 64 bits ( 8 character s)
Default: 8 spaces (no authen tication)
Web Server Interface 3-51
The Circuit Details screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any val ues that have been changed.
Circuit Table Returns you to the previous screen.
Static Routes Screen
Under some circumstances, it may not be necessary for a router to learn a
route using ordinary means such as RIP or OSPF. It is possible under these
circumstances for you to add a route to the route table of a router.
The Static Route Table is always associated with a circuit. Access this screen by
selecting the Static Route Table from the RIP Parameters Table on the IP
Gateway Details screen.
Endpoint
Target IP Address
Target IP Mask
Next Hop
Cost
Route Status
Figure 3.41
Static Route Tab le Screen
Endpoint name ( or interface) thr ough which to send the IP packet to r each the
Target IP Addr ess.
Represents the target network that you want this router to reach.
Mask of the target network.
IP address of the next device in the route.
Cost of using that route.
Indicates whether a route is enabled or disabled.
The Static Routes Table screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Dynamic Route Table Displays routes learned via RIP or OSPF.
Add New Adds a new sta tic route.
Route Details Screen
Access this menu by clicking on the a ppropriate number under the “Index”
column on the Static Ro u te T ab le sc reen.
3-52 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.42
Route Details Sc reen
Endpoint
Target IP Address
Target IP Mask
Next Hop IP Address
Cost
Route Status
Endpoint name ( or interface) thr ough which to send the IP packet to r each the
Target IP Addr ess.
Represents the target network that you want this router to reach.
Values: 0.0.0.0−255.255.255.255
Default: 0.0.0.0
Mask of the Target IP or network.
Values: 0.0.0.0−255.255.255.255
Default: 0.0.0.0
NOTICE: Setting the Target IP Address and the Targe t IP Mask to 0.0.0.0 defines
THE default route for this unit.
IP address of the next device in the route.
Cost of using that route.
Values: 0−65535
Default: 1
Indicates whether or not the current route is enabled.
Values: Enable, Disable
Default: Enable
The Route Details screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any values that have been changed.
Static Route Table Ret urns you to the previous screen.
Delete Route Deletes the route curren tly displayed.
Web Server Interface 3-53
Dynamic Route Table Screen
Access this menu by selecting “Static Route Table” from the RIP Parameters
table on the IP Gateway menu and then selecting Dynamic Route Table. This
table shows both dynamic and static routes. Please note that not all parameters
are necessarily defined, depending on whether or not the routes were learned
dynamically. Primarily, the most useful information is included in
"Destination," "Interface Index," a nd "Mask" columns.
Destination
Interface Inde x
Next Hop
Mask
Figure 3.43
Dynamic Route Table Screen
Network to be reached.
Internal TC P/IP st ack interf ace numb er.
IP address used to reach the destination network.
Mask of the destination network.
Static ARP Table Screen
Address Resolution Protocol, or ARP, is used by the router to dynamically
associate a high-level IP address with a low-level physic al hardware address.
ARP packets are only sent across a single physical network.
There are some cases when an IP-compatible device does not support ARP or
ARP is deliberately disabled (for security). In these cases, instead of using
ARP to dynamically update the router internal MAC <-> IP Address Table,
you can use this me nu to force an entry into that table . This entry never times
out.
NOTICE: At least one circuit must be defined to c reate a Static ARP Table entry
Access this menu by selecting “Static ARP Table” from the RIP Parameters
screen on the I P Gateway menu. The ARP Table is useful when a Host does not
respond to an ARP request.
3-54 T1 Access Router
because an ARP entry is always associated with a cir cuit.
Figure 3.44
ARP Table S cre en
Endpoint
IP Address
MAC Address
ARP Status
Endpoint name (or Interface) through which to send the IP packet to reach the
defined IP Address. The default is the LAN.
The IP address of the unit for which you want to define the MAC address.
The MAC address of the host to be reached.
Displays whether this static ARP is enabled or disabled.
The Static ARP Table screen provide s the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Dynamic ARP Table Displays the dynamically learned MAC <-> IP address.
Add New Adds a new static ARP.
ARP Details Screen
Access this sc reen by clicking on the appropriate number unde r the “Index”
column on the ARP T ab le scr een .
Figure 3.45
ARP Details Screen
Endpoint
IP Address
Endpoint name (or Interface) through which to send the IP packet to reach the
defined IP Address. Currently, this is always the LAN.
IP address of the circuit.
Values: 0.0.0.0−255.255.255.255
Default: 0.0.0.0
Web Server Interface 3-55
MAC Address
MAC address of the Host to be reached.
Values: A 6-byte value
Default: 00-00-00-00-00-00
ARP Status
Displays whether this ARP is enabled or disabled.
Values: Enable, Disable
Default: Enable
The ARP Details screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any val ues that have been changed.
Static ARP Table Returns you to the previous screen.
Delete ARP Deletes this static ARP.
Trusted Neighbor Table Screen
The Truste d Neighbors feature can be used to store RIP information only
from speci fic rout ers. This a llows th e router to reject any RIP informa tion
coming from non-Trusted Neighbors. Only information coming from Trusted
Neighbors is kept by the router.
Access this menu by selecting Truste d Neighbors from the RIP Parameters on
the IP Gateway menu. This table is useful when the Network Administrator
wants to listen to RIP of specific router (s).
Figure 3.46
Trusted Neighbors Screen
Neighbor Details Scree n
Access this screen (Figur e 3.47) by clicking on the appropriate Index link. This
screen lists all the IP addr ess es of Trusted Neighbors.
Figure 3.47
Neighbor Details Screen
3-56 T1 Access Router
The Neighbor Details screen provides a “Delete Neighbor” prompt that lets
you delete this Truste d Neighbor.
Area Table Screen
An Area allows growth and makes the networks at a site easier to manage. An
area is self-contained; knowledge of an area’s topology remains hidden from
other areas. Thus, multiple groups within a given site retain the ability to
change their internal network topology independe ntly.
Access the Area Table Screen from the OSPF Parameters table on the IP
Gateway screen.
ID
Enable
Auth Type
Stub
Address Summary
Mask Summary
Advertise
Figure 3.48
Area Table Screen
Displays the ID of the A rea (re p resen t ed b y an IP add res s).
Displays whether the define d Area is enabled or disabled.
Indicates A rea val idation.
Displays w hether o r not the defined area is a Stub Area .
Displays the Address Summary of the define d Area.
Displays the Mask Summary of the defined Area.
Displays whether advertising is enabled or disabled for this Area.
The “Add New” button on the Area Table screen lets you de fine a new Area.
Area Details Screen
Access this sc reen by clicking on the appropriate number unde r the “Index”
column on the Area Table screen.
Web Server Interface 3-57
Figure 3.49
Area Details Screen
Area ID
Enable
Auth Type
Stub
Address Summary
This parameter has the same format as the IP Address of the Mask Address.
Values: 0.0.0.0−255.255.255.255
Default: 0.0.0.0
Displays whether or not this Area is enabled.
Values: Enable, Disable
Default: Enable
Indicates type of Authentication.
Values: Simple, None
Default: None
An area can be con figured as stub when there is a sin gle exit point fro m the
area, or when the choice of exit point need not be made on a per-externaldestination basis.
Values: Yes, No
Default: No
A configured address range specifies what addresses are contained within an
area. When s ummari zing t he routes in an are a to infor m other a reas, al l ro utes
falling within the conf igured range are described by a single LSA, thus
decreasin g the size of the LS A datab ase.
Values: 0.0.0.0−255.255.255.255
Default: 0.0.0.0
Mask Summary
Advertise
IP Mask of the summary to be added.
Describes the local state of a router or network. This include s the state of the
route’s interfaces and adja cencies. E ach link s tate adv ertisem ent is flood ed
throughout the routing domain. The collected link state advertisements of all
routers and networks form the protocol's topologica l database.
3-58 T1 Access Router
Values: 0.0.0.0−255.255.255.255
Default: 0.0.0.0
Values: Yes, No
Default: No
The Area Details screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any val ues that have been changed.
Area Table Returns you to the previous scr een.
Delete Area
Deletes the currently defined Area.
Virtual Link Table Screen
To permit maximum flexibility, OSPF allows the configuration of virtual links
to enable the backbone area to appea r contiguous despite the physical reality.
In OSPF, the backbone is defined as an Area ID of 0.0.0.0. This backbone
cannot be disconnected in any way or some areas of the Autonomous System
become unreachable. This is because all inter-area traffic must go through the
backbone. In fact, the backbone is responsible for all inter-area routing
information distr ibution.
It is possible that an area cannot be connected directly to the backbone; in this
case a virtual link is used (Figure 3.50). To establish or maintain the
connectivity of the backbone, virtual links can be configured through nonbackbone areas. Basically, virtual links are used to connect components that
are otherwise not connected to the backbone.
A virtual link is treated by OSPF as a point-to-point unnumbere d network
joining two area border routers. The virtual link m ust be configured in both of
the area border rout ers.
A virtual link is defined by the following two parameters:
• The Router ID of the virtual link’s other end point.
• The non-backbone that the virt ual link crosses through .
Access this screen by selecting the Virtual Link Table fr om the OSPF
Parameters table on the IP Gateway screen.
Figure 3.50
Virtual Link Table Screen
Web Server Interface 3-59
Enable
Enables this definition of a virtual link.
Transit Area ID
Area Border Router ID
The non-backbone area that the virtual link goes through.
The Router ID of the virtual link’s other endpoint.
The “Add New” button lets you define a new Virtual Link.
Virtual Link Details Screen
Access this sc reen (Figure 3.51) by clicking on the appropriate number under
the “index” column on the Virtual Link Tabl e screen.
Figure 3.51
Virtual Link Details Screen
TCP Server
The Virtual Link Details screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any values that have been c hanged.
Virtual Link Table Returns you to the previous scre en.
Delete Virtual Link
Deletes currently defined Virtual Link.
NOTICE: TCP Server tr affic has a higher priority than other types of traffic
flowing through the unit. Refer to Normal Tx Queue Size on page 3-19
for mo re deta ils.
The TCP Server is a general-purpose application that maps arbitrary TCP port
numbers to non-TCP/IP devices that have been assigned an endpoint. (Se e the
Endpoint Table on page 3-29.)
TCP Server Details Screen
The TCP Server Details screen (Figure 3.52) lets you establish TCP
connections and map them to physical devices that communicate via a
supported inter face.
3-60 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.52
TCP Server Details Scree n
Access the TCP Connection Details screen (Figure 3.53) by clicking on the
appropriate number under the “Connection” column on the above screen. The
TCP Connection Details screen lists the index number, the endpoint name, the
TCP local port number, and whether or not this entry is enabled.
Figure 3.53
TCP Connections Screen
Select the TCP Connection Table to access the screen shown in Figure 3. 54.
This screen lets you see which addresses and ports are in a “listening” state
and which are already established.
Figure 3.54
TCP Connection Table Screen
Click on the “TCP Host Access Table” button on the TCP Connection Details
screen to access a screen (Figure 3.55) where you can specify up to 10 IP
addresses that may access the services provided by TCP Server. I f no
addresses are provided, any host can access the services provided by TCP
Server.
Web Server Interface 3-61
Figure 3.55
TCP Host Ac ce s s Tab l e Scr e en
You can access the Host Access Details (F igure 3.56) for a specific Index
number by clicking on the appropriate numbered link under the “Index”
column.
Figure 3.56
TCP Host Ac cess Details
Network Address Translation (NAT)
NAT is a method of connecting multiple computers to the Internet (or any
other IP network) using one IP address. This lets users cost-effectively and
efficiently connect their networks to the Internet.
Whether on a global or local port, NAT provides translation only upon receipt
of a packet, which NAT will translate, not translate, or filter, depending on
the user-specified parameters (further desc ribed below). If the decision is
made to “translate,” the packet will be modified internally, and eventually
sent on to the IP Gateway to be processed. If the decision is made not to
“translate,” the packet will not be modified in any way. If the dec ision is
made to “filter,” the packe t will be discarded without any further action
required.
NOTICE: You must Save and Restart for any changes in NAT configuration
3-62 T1 Access Router
param eters to take effect .
NAT Details Screen
The NAT Details screen (Figure 3.57) lets the user configure the NAT global
parameters described below.
Enable
Mode
Figure 3.57
NAT Details Screen
Enables or disables NAT. Default is “Disable.”
Selects the Network Address Port Translation (NAPT) mode or the Basic
NAT mode. In NAPT mode, all hosts on the Global (public ) side view all
hosts on the Local (private) side as a single internet host (one IP address). In
Basic NAT mode, the Global IP address is assigned as a Class C host address
(Mask of 255.255.255.0). Each private IP address on the Loc al side is mapped
to a Class C public address on the Global side. In other words, if there are 30
hosts on the private (Local) side, 30 public (Global) addresses are required.
The default is NAPT.
Global IP Addr
Global Mask
ICMP Default Addr
Filter Non Local
Address
Global IP Address used in NAPT mode. Must be a valid Class C address.
Default is LAN IP Address.
IP Mask associated with defined Global IP Address. Default is LAN IP Mask.
Default source address used to answer any ICMP request. Default is LAN IP
Address. ICMP requests are not transferred from the Global to the Local side.
Rather th ey are an swered by the un it itself si nce Lo cal addres ses are pri vate
and do not receive unsolicited requests.
Discards any packet with “non corporate” source address. Default is “Enable.”
The screen parameters listed below are related to the NAT Control Bloc k
Timer. Note that default values should be in accordance with most NAT
applications. The timers’ values minimize NAT resources. Generally, when a
timer has expired, the resources used are no longer needed. Those resources
will then be available for other connection resources.
Web Server Interface 3-63
IP Entry Time r
The maximum time (in seconds) NAT will use resources when not using
TCP, UDP, or ICMP.
Values: 0−65535
Default: 120
TCP Connection Timer
TCP Closing Timer
TCP Disconnected
Timer
TCP Sequence Delta
Timer
UDP Timer
The maximum time (in seconds) NAT will use resources when attempting to
establish a TCP connection.
Values: 0−65535
Default: 300
The maximum time (in seconds) NAT will use resources when attempting to
close a TCP connection.
Values: 0−65535
Default: 0
The maximum time (in seconds) NAT will use resources when attempting to
disconnect from TCP.
Values: 0−65535
Default: 120
The maximum time (in seconds) NAT will use resources when managing TCP
Packet Sequencing.
Values: 0−65535
Default: 180
The maximum time (in seconds) NAT will use resources for a UDP port in
use.
ICMP Timer
Values: 0−65535
Default: 120
The maximum time (in seconds) NAT will use resources for any ICMP
request.
Values: 0−65535
Default: 120
The NAT Details screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
Submit S ets any values that have been changed.
Static TCP Translation Table Allows static mapping of global TCP Server ports to
a local host IP address/port combination.
Static UDP Translation Table Allows static mapping of global UDP Ser ver ports to
a local host IP address/port combination.
NAT Port Table Defines NAT global/Internet and local /corporate
ports.
3-64 T1 Access Router
S tat ic TCP T r anslation Table Screen
The Static TCP Translation Table sc reen (Figure 3.58) allows static mapping
of global TCP Server ports to a local host IP address/port combination. The
parameters described below enable access to TCP servers on the private/
corporate network “behind the NAT.” The paramete rs may be used only when
in NAPT mode.
Global Port
Server Port
Server Address
Figure 3.58
Static TC P Translation Table Screen
Decimal IP Port exposed to the global Internet. Default is 0.
Decimal IP Port of the local TCP Server. This port is usually the same as the
Global Port. Default is 0.
IP Address of the local TCP Server. Default is 0.0.0.0.
The Static TCP Tr anslation Table screen provides the f ollowing user-activated
buttons:
Button Function
NAT Details Returns the user to the previous screen.
Add New Lets the user add additional addresses.
You can configure or change the above-listed parameters on the Static TCP
Translation Details screen (Figure 3.59), which is ac cessed by selecting the
appropriate num ber under the “Index” column on the Static TCP Translation
Table scr een.
Figure 3.59
NAT Static TCP Translation Details Screen
S tat ic UDP T r anslation Table Screen
The Static UDP Translation Table screen (Figure 3.61) allows static mapping
of global UDP Server ports to a local host IP address/port combina tion. The
parameters described below enable access to UDP Servers on the priva te/
Web Server Interface 3-65
corporate network “behind the NAT.” The paramete rs may be used only when
in NAPT mode.
Global Port
Server Port
Server Address
Figure 3.60
Static UDP Translation Table Screen
Decimal IP Port exposed to the global Internet. Default is 0.
Decimal IP Port of the local UDP Server. This port is usually the same as the
Global Port. Default is 0.
IP Address of the local UDP Server. Default is 0.0.0.0.
The Static UDP Translation Table screen provides the following useractivated buttons:
Button Function
NAT Details Returns the user to the previous screen.
Add New Lets the user add an addi tional address.
You can configure or change the above-listed parameters on the NAT Static
UDP Translation Details sc reen (Figure 3.61), which is accessed by selecting
the appropriate number under the “Index” column on the Static UDP
Translati on Table screen.
Figure 3.61
Static UDP Translation Details Scr ee n
NA T Port Table Screen
The parameters on the NAT Port Table screen (Figure 3.62) define the NAT
global/Internet and local/Corporate ports. These parameters are configured in
the NAT Ports Details screen shown in Figure 3.63. Access the NAT Ports
Details screen by clicking on the Index number of the desired port on the
NAT Po rt Table scr een.
3-66 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.62
NAT Ports Screen
Endpoint
Enable
Default Translation
Type
IP Address
Mask
The Endpoint name of the circuit associated with the LAN or WAN port.
Default is LAN fo r the fir st port.
Enables or disables the NAT port. Default is “Enable.”
Forces transla tion on a specific IP port regardless of the source IP Address. If
Default Translation is set to “Enable,” the packet will never be discarded, but
will always pass through the translation path. There fore, any packets with a
destination address different from the global/Internet network address will be
processed by the IP Gateway, and may be routed to another port. If this
parameter is set to “Disable,” no packet with a destination address different
from the global/Internet address will be processed. Setting this parameter to
“Disable” will override an “Enable” parameter set under “Filter Non Local
Address” on the NAT Details menu.
Defines whether this port is local or global. Default is LAN globa l. All others
are local.
IP Address of this port. Default is the value defined in the IP Gateway Circuit
Table.
Mask related to the defined IP Address. Default is the value defined in the IP
Gateway Circuit Table.
The NAT Port Table screen provides an “Add New” button that lets you add
additional addresse s.
Figure 3.63
NAT Port Details Screen
Web Server Interface 3-67
The NAT Port De tails scr een provid es the fo llowing user-acti vated but tons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any values that have been changed.
NAT Details Returns the user to the NAT Details screen.
NAT Port Ta b le Returns the user to the NAT Port Table screen.
Delete NAT Port Deletes the specified NAT Port.
NAT Port Status Displays the NAT Port Status Ta ble screen.
The NAT Port Status Table (Figure 3.64) displays for each port the processed
packets from specific IP addresses.
IP Address
NAT IP Address
Processed Packets
Figure 3.64
Original IP Address of the host.
Translated IP Addre ss of th e host.
Number of packets processed by NAT for this address.
NAT Port Status T able Screen
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
DHCP provides a mechanism through which computers using TCP/IP can
obtain protocol configur ation parameters automatically through the network.
The most important configuration parameter associated with DHCP is the IP
address. A computer must initially be assigned a specific IP address that is
appropriate to the network to which the computer is attached, and that is not
assigned to any other computer on that network. If a computer moves to a
new network, it must be assigned a new IP address for that new network.
DHCP can be used to manage these assignments automatically.
DHCP has other important configuration parameters also, such as the subnet
mask, default router, and Domain Name System (DNS) server. Using DHCP,
a network administrator can avoid “hands-on” configuration of individual
computers through complex a nd confusing setup applications. Instead, those
computers can obtain all required configuration par ameters automatically,
without manual intervention, from a centrally managed DHCP server. DHCP
is available on the 10/100 Ethernet port only.
NOTICE: You must Save and Restart for any changes in DHCP configuration
3-68 T1 Access Router
param eters to take effect .
NOTICE: Always verify that a DHCP server is available on the network before
enabling DHCP Client. If, on power-up, a DHCP server is not found, a
60-second timeout will occur.
DHCP Server Details Screen
The DHCP Server Details screen (Figure 3.65) lets you configure the
parameters described below.
Enable
Number of Ports
TTL
Service Type
Figure 3.65
DHCP Server Det ail s Scree n
Enables o r disables the DH CP Serv er. Defau lt is “Di sable.”
Defines the number of DHCP ports to be used. In this version, only “1” is a
valid value .
Time to Live for any DHCP packet. Default is 64.
Type of Service used by the DHCP Server packet. Default is 1.
Lease Time
Primary DNS IP Addr
Secondary DNS IP
Addr
Domain Name
Router IP Addr
Primary WINS IP
Addr
Tells the DHCP client the number of seconds it can retain this IP address. The
client should make a new DHCP request within the specified amount of time
to ensure the IP address is not give n to another PC. Default is 600 seconds.
If requested by DHCP client, the client then uses this address to resolve
names of IP addresses. Default is 0.0.0.0.
If requested by DHCP client, the client then uses this secondary address to
resolve names of IP addresses. Default is 0.0.0.0.
Domain name to be used by all DHCP clients. Default is user’s server.
IP address that all clients use for Gateway or Router. Default is 0.0.0.0.
If requested by DHCP client, the client then uses this address to resolve
names of IP addresses. Default is 0.0.0.0.
Web Server Interface 3-69
Secondary WINS IP
Addr
If requested by DHCP client, the client then uses this secondary address to
resolve names of IP addresses. Default is 0.0.0.0.
The DHC P Server D etails s creen p rovides the followi ng user- activated
buttons:
Button Function
Submit Sets any values that have been change d.
Host Table Lists Host names (DHCP server identification).
Static Entry Table Create s a list of static IP ad d r esses associated with MA C
addresses.
IP Addre s s Li st Ta b le Defin es th e add resses avail ab l e for D HC P cli en t s.
IP Address Status Table Displays DHCP Server statistics.
DHCP Host Table Screen
In some cases, it may be necessary to provide a n IP station with a specific
DHCP server name, which may be used by the IP station when m aking a
DHCP request. That name is included on the DHCP Host Table screen
(Figure 3.66), whic h identifies the DHCP server sending DHCP packets. This
parameter is configured on the DHCP Hosts Details screen (Figure 3.67)
accessed by clicking on a number under the “Index” column.
Host Name
Figure 3.66
DHCP Hosts Screen
The name of the DHCP Server. Default is none.
The DHCP Host Table screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
DHCP Details Returns the user to the previous screen.
Add New Adds a new Server name.
NOTICE: You must Save and Restart for the new Server name to become active.
3-70 T1 Access Router
Figure 3.67
DHCP Host Detail s Screen
Static Entry Table Screen
The Stat ic Ent ry Ta ble s creen (Fig ure 3 .68) lists static IP a ddres ses ass ociat ed
with MAC addresses. This ensures that the same IP address will always be
used for a given PC provided its MAC address is known. These parameters
are configured on the Static Entry Detai ls screen (Figure 3.69 ) accessed by
selecting a number from the “Entry Index” column.
MAC Address
IP Address
Mask
Host Name
Figure 3.68
Static Entr ies Screen
MAC Address you want to associate with an IP address.
IP Address given to the DHCP client if that client has the MAC Address
defined on this screen.
Mask associated with the IP Address shown on the screen.
Name given to the DHCP client.
The Static Entry Table screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
DHCP Details Returns the user to the previous screen.
Add New Lets the user add an additional Static Entry.
Web Server Interface 3-71
Figure 3.69
Static Entry Details Screen
IP Address List Table S cr een
The IP Address List Table screen (Figure 3.4) displays the “pool” of
addresses available for DHCP clients. These parameters are configured on the
IP Address Details screen (Figure 3.71) accessed by clic king on an “Index”
number.
Start
End
Subnet Mask
Exclude Start
Exclude End
Figure 3.70
IP Address List Table
Starting IP Address of the DHCP client pool.
Ending IP Address of the DHCP client pool.
Subnet Mask associated with the defined range.
Beginning of “excluded” range.
End of “excluded” range.
The IP Address List screen provides the following user-activated buttons:
Button Function
DHCP Details Returns the user to the previous screen.
Add New Lets the user add an additional IP address.
3-72 T1 Access Router
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