Trimble TRIMTRACB User Manual

TrimTrac 1.5 Locator

Technical Manual

Including Enhanced Features and

Vehicle Adapter or Control Module

See Exceptions for Firmware Revision:

0.80.03.0001 on Page xv

***DRAFT***

SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE

Part Number 54200-XX-UG

Version 0.3b

June 2006

REVISION HISTORY

Version Primary Author(s) Description of Version Date

Completed

0.1 Bill Dussell Initial draft created for internal distribution
and review comments.

0.2 Bill Dussell Revised descriptions, defaults and some
parameter name changes

0.3 Bill Dussell

0.3a Bill Dussell Modified SAR data section 5/22/2006

0.3b Bill Dussell Modified safety information 5/31/2006

0.3c Bill Dussell Modified safety information 6/02/2006

4/26/2006

Corporate Office

Trimble Navigation Limited
935 Stuart Avenue
Post Office Box 3642
Sunnyvale, CA 94086-3642 U.S.A.
Phone: [phone]
1-800-545-7762

www.trimble.com
www.trimtrac.com

Copyright and Trademarks

© 1997–2006, Trimble Navigation Limited.

All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of
America. Printed on recycled paper.

The Circle & Parallelogram and TrimTrac are
trademarks of Trimble Navigation Limited. The
Sextant logo, Globe & Triangle and Trimble are
trademarks of Trimble Navigation Limited, registered
in the United States Patent and Trademark Office. All
other trademarks are the property of their respective
owners.

Release Notice

This document is release 1.0 of the TrimTrac

TM

1.5

Technical Manual, Part Number 54200-XX-UG.

T

HIS MANUAL IS INTENDED FOR USE BY SYSTEM

INTEGRATORS

DEVELOPERS

INTENDED FOR END

END

-USER DOCUMENTATION IS TO BE PREPARED AND

FURNISHED BY THE

, SERVICE PROVIDERS AND APPLICATION

(COLLECTIVELY, “RESELLERS”). IT IS NOT

-USERS OF THE TRIMTRAC 1.5. ANY

RESELLERS.

The following Product Limited Warranty gives
Resellers specific legal rights. You may have others,
which vary from state/jurisdiction to state/jurisdiction.

Patents

US Patents 6,801,853; 5,187,450; 5,311,149;
5,402,347; 5,564,098; 5,590,043; 5,592,173;
6,115,595; 6,898,234; and 6,990,140 apply.

Product Limited Warranty

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein,
Trimble Navigation Limited (“Trimble”) makes the
following warranty only

to its Resellers who purchase
the TrimTrac hardware product (“Product”) directly
from Trimble: for a period of one (1) year from the
date of shipment from Trimble, the Product will
substantially conform to Trimble’s standard published
specifications for the Product and the Product
hardware will be substantially free from defects in
materials and workmanship. The foregoing warranty

shall not apply to embedded software/firmware
components.

HIS PRODUCT LIMITED WARRANTY IS PROVIDED TO

T
RESELLERS AND TO RESELLERS ONLY. RESELLER IS

SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES

MADE TO ITS CUSTOMERS

WARRANTIES

OBLIGATIONS OR LIABILITY TO

OR END

MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES ON

, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND SHALL HAVE NO

-USERS OF THE PRODUCT. RESELLER SHALL NOT

, AND TRIMBLE MAKES NO

RESELLER’S CUSTOMERS

TRIMBLE’S BEHALF, AND SHALL FULLY INDEMNIFY,

DEFEND AND HOLD

BREACH OF THE FOREGOING

TRIMBLE HARMLESS FROM ANY

.

IF RESELLER DISTRIBUTES PRODUCT TO END-USER

CUSTOMERS

FOR PREPARING AND PROVIDING

AND

, RESELLER SHALL BE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE

PRODUCT WARRANTIES

PRODUCT LITERATURE TO END-USERS.

Warranty Remedies

If the Product fails during the warranty period for
reasons covered by this Product Limited Warranty and
Reseller notifies Trimble of such failure during the
warranty period, Trimble at is option will repair OR
replace the nonconforming Product, OR refund the
purchase price paid by Reseller for the Product,
provided that Reseller returns the Product to Trimble
in accordance with Trimble’s standard return material
authorization procedures or as otherwise instructed by
Trimble.

Warranty Exclusions and Disclaimers

The foregoing Product Limited Warranty shall only
apply in the event and to the extent that (i) the Product
is properly and correctly installed, configured,
interfaced, maintained, stored and operated in
accordance with Trimble’s specifications, and (ii) the
Product is not modified or misused. This Product
Limited Warranty shall not apply to, and Trimble shall
not be responsible for, defects or performance
problems resulting from: (a) the combination or
utilization of the Product with hardware or software
products, information, data, systems, interfaces,
services or devices not made, supplied or specified by
Trimble; (b) the operation of the Product under any
specifications other than, or in addition to, Trimble’s
standard published specifications for the Product; (c)
the unauthorized installation, modification or use of
the Product; (d) damage caused by: accident, lightning
or other electrical discharge, water immersion or
spray, or exposure to environmental conditions for
which the Product is not intended; or (e) normal wear
and tear on consumable parts, including by way of
example and without limitation, batteries. T

DOES NOT WARRANT OR GUARANTEE THE RESULTS

OBTAINED THROUGH THE USE OF THE

PRODUCT.

RIMBLE

THE FOREGOING TERMS OF THE PRODUCT LIMITED
WARRANTY STATE TRIMBLE’S ENTIRE LIABILITY, AND
RESELLER’S EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES, RELATING TO USE

AND PERFORMANCE OF THE

OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY PROVIDED FOR IN THIS

PRODUCT. EXCEPT AS

PRODUCT

LIMITED WARRANTY, THE PRODUCT, ACCOMPANYING

DOCUMENTATION AND MATERIALS
EMBEDDED SOFTWARE/FIRMWARE AND UPDATES

THERETO ARE PROVIDED

OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND

“AS-IS” AND WITHOUT EXPRESS

, AND/OR ANY

, BY EITHER

TRIMBLE OR ANYONE WHO HAS BEEN INVOLVED IN ITS

CREATION

DISTRIBUTION

IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND

FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE

NONINFRINGEMENT

ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OBLIGATIONS OR LIABILITIES ON THE

PART OF

WITH

, PRODUCTION, INSTALLATION OR

, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE

, TITLE AND

. THE STATED EXPRESS WARRANTIES

TRIMBLE ARISING OUT OF, OR IN CONNECTION

, THE PRODUCT.

WITHOUT LIMITING THE GENERALITY OF THE

FOREGOING

:

TRIMBLE IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR THE

OPERATION OR FAILURE OF OPERATION OF

GPS SATELLITES OR WIRELESS SERVICE OR

THE AVAILABILITY OF

SIGNALS OR WIRELESS SERVICE

GPS SATELLITE

.

THE PRODUCT MAY CONTAIN TECHNOLOGY

THAT IS NOT FAULT TOLERANT AND IS NOT

DESIGNED

USE IN ENVIRONMENTS OR APPLICATIONS IN

WHICH THE FAILURE OF THE

LEAD TO DEATH

PHYSICAL OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE OR

SEVERE FINANCIAL LOSS

DISTRIBUTION BY

CUSTOMERS IN CONNECTION WITH ANY SUCH

ENVIRONMENT OR APPLICATION SHALL BE AT

, MANUFACTURED OR INTENDED FOR

PRODUCT WOULD

, PERSONAL INJURY OR SEVERE

. ANY USE OR

RESELLER OR ITS

RESELLER’S AND ITS CUSTOMERS’ SOLE RISK,

AND

TRIMBLE SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY

WHATSOEVER IN CONNECTION THEREWITH.

RESELLER SHALL INDEMNIFY AND HOLD
TRIMBLE AND ITS SUPPLIERS HARMLESS FROM

ANY CLAIM BROUGH AGAINST
WHICH ARISES FROM RESELLER’S USE OR

DISTRIBUTION OF THE

CONNECTION WITH SUCH ENVIVRONMENTS OR

APPLICATIONS

.

TRIMBLE

PRODUCT IN

OME STATES AND JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW

S

LIMITATIONS ON DURATION OR THE EXCLUSION OF AN

IMPLIED WARRANTY
LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO EVERY RESELLER.

, SO CERTAIN OF THE ABOVE

Embedded Software/Firmware

The Product and associated tools, if any, may contain
embedded software/firmware, which is licensed, not
sold, and is only for use within the Product as an
integral part thereof. Such embedded

software/firmware (which includes all updates thereto)
contains valuable trade secrets and is proprietary to
Trimble and its suppliers. To the greatest extent
permitted by law, such embedded software/firmware
may not be modified, copied, disassembled,
decompiled or reverse engineered. Trimble reserves
all other rights.

Limitation of Liability

T

RIMBLE’S ENTIRE LIABILITY REGARDING THE PRODUCT

SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT ACTUALLY PAID BY

RESELLER FOR THE PRODUCT. TO THE MAXIMUM

EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW

SHALL

TRIMBLE OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY

INDIRECT

DAMAGES WHATSOEVER UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE OR

LEGAL THEORY RELATING IN ANY WAY TO THE

, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL

, IN NO EVENT

PRODUCTS, ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION AND

MATERIALS

AND UPDATES THERETO

LIMITATION

BUSINESS INTERRUPTION

PECUNIARY LOSS

HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ANY SUCH

LOSS AND REGARDLESS OF THE COURSE OF DEALING

BETWEEN

, AND ANY EMBEDDED SOFTWARE/FIRMWARE

(INCLUDING, WITHOUT

, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS,

, LOSS OF DATA OR ANY OTHER

), REGARDLESS OF WHETHER TRIMBLE

TRIMBLE AND RESELLER.

BECAUSE SOME STATES AND JURISDICTIONS DO NOT

ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES

ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO EVERY

, THE

RESELLER.

Notices

Class B Statement – Notice to Users. This equipment
has been tested and found to comply with the limits
for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the
FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates,
uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if
not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communication. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to
radio or television reception, which can be determined
by turning the equipment off and on, the user is
encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or
more of the following measures:

– Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
– Increase the separation between the

equipment and the receiver.

– Connect the equipment into an outlet on a

circuit different from that to which the
receiver is connected.

– Consult the dealer or an experienced

radio/TV technician for help.

Changes and modifications not expressly approved by
the manufacturer or registrant of this equipment can
void your authority to operate this equipment under
Federal Communications Commission rules.

Regulatory Approvals

CE

The TrimTrac 1.5 product complies with the essential
requirements of the R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC as
stated by the EC Declaration of Conformity (CE0681).
The TrimTrac 1.5 product complies with the European
Telecommunications Standards Institute
Specifications ETS300-342-1 (EMC for GSM
900MHZ and DCS 1800MHZ Radio Equipment and
Systems).

EEC

The TrimTrac 1.5 product complies with Directive
72/245/EEC as amended by Directive 95/54/EC
(el*72/245*95/54).

FCC The TrimTrac product complies with the FCC
Part 15, FCC Part 24, and Industry Canada
requirements. The TrimTrac product complies with
Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) This device may not
cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must
accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation.

Error! Reference source not found.

Contents

About this Manual ........................................................................................................................................ xii

Related Information ...................................................................................................... xii

Technical Assistance.................................................................................................... xiii

Information Required for Technical Assistance .......................................................... xiv

Firmware Exceptions .................................................................................................... xv

Safety First ..................................................................................................................................................... 1

Simple Guidelines........................................................................................................... 1

Detailed Safety Information ........................................................................................................................... 2

Exposure to Radio Frequency Signals ............................................................................ 2

Electronic Devices .......................................................................................................... 2

Aircraft............................................................................................................................ 3

Blasting Areas................................................................................................................. 3

Potentially Explosive Atmospheres ................................................................................ 3

For Vehicles Equipped with an Air Bag ......................................................................... 4

Specific Absorption Rates (SAR) ................................................................................... 4

Battery Safety Information ............................................................................................. 4

Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 5

Introduction..................................................................................................................... 5

TrimTrac 1.5 New Features and Capabilities ................................................................. 6

Application Feature Details.......................................................................................................................... 10

Geofences...................................................................................................................... 10

Scheduled Hours of Operation...................................................................................... 14

Runtime Meters............................................................................................................. 15

Fix, Log and Reporting Rates ....................................................................................... 16

Input Modes .................................................................................................................. 18

LPA Input Delay........................................................................................................... 19

Automatic Message Log Dump .................................................................................... 19

Motion Report Flag....................................................................................................... 20

Report Delay Flag......................................................................................................... 20

Diagnostics Mode ......................................................................................................... 21

Scheduled Reporting Mode........................................................................................... 21

Polling........................................................................................................................... 22

Query Hold Flag ........................................................................................................... 22

Transmit Attempts ........................................................................................................ 23

Motion Sensor Override................................................................................................ 24

Variable State Timeouts for High and Medium Priority Alerts.................................... 24

Application Scenarios................................................................................................................................... 25

Introduction................................................................................................................... 25

General Considerations................................................................................................. 25

Example Applications................................................................................................... 27

Summary End-user and Installation Instructions.......................................................................................... 35

Battery Powered Units .................................................................................................. 35

Vehicle Adapter or Control Module Equipped Units ................................................... 36

Vehicle Placement Guidelines ...................................................................................... 38

Technical Tips and Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................ 40

Introduction................................................................................................................... 40

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab vi

TrimTrac State Machine............................................................................................................................... 52

Introduction................................................................................................................... 52

State Machine Overview............................................................................................... 52

Motion Detection and Filtering..................................................................................... 54

State Machine Design Details....................................................................................... 54

Alert Handling – Vehicle Adapter or Control Module ................................................. 55

IDLE State .................................................................................................................... 57

FIX State ....................................................................................................................... 59

STATUS State .............................................................................................................. 60

TRANSMIT State ......................................................................................................... 61

QUERY State................................................................................................................ 67

DELAY State................................................................................................................ 69

Alert Processing ........................................................................................................................................... 71

Summary of Alert Sequence Processing....................................................................... 71

Priority and Status-Levels............................................................................................. 71

High Priority Alert Processing...................................................................................... 72

Medium Priority Alert Processing ................................................................................ 73

Low Priority Alert Processing ...................................................................................... 73

Server Application-side Considerations ....................................................................... 74

TrimTrac 1.5 Configuration ......................................................................................................................... 78

Introduction................................................................................................................... 78

Provisioning Mode and Equipment .............................................................................. 78

Provisioning Set-up....................................................................................................... 78

Provisioning AT Commands......................................................................................... 82

TrimTrac 1.5 Defaults ................................................................................................................................ 102

Introduction................................................................................................................. 102

Security Considerations .............................................................................................. 102

Diagnostics.................................................................................................................. 103

TrimTrac Application Protocol .................................................................................................................. 105

Introduction................................................................................................................. 105

Message Format.......................................................................................................... 105

TrimTrac Application Protocol Message Summary (Sorted by Name)...................... 109

TrimTrac Application Protocol Message Summary (Sorted by Header).................... 110

TrimTrac Command and Response Summary............................................................ 111

Configuration Messages.............................................................................................. 112

Query Messages.......................................................................................................... 123

Position, Status and Response Messages.................................................................... 127

Specifications ............................................................................................................................................. 141

TrimTrac Part Numbers.............................................................................................................................. 142

Bibliography............................................................................................................................................... 143

Glossary...................................................................................................................................................... 144

Quick Reference Tables ............................................................................................................................. 146

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab vii

List of Tables

Table 1, Firmware Exceptions – TrimTrac 1.5................................................................. xv

Table 2. Geofence Parameters, Settings, Messages and Commands............................... 12

Table 3. Scheduled Hours Parameters, Settings, Messages and Commands................... 15

Table 4. Runtime Meter Parameters, Settings, Messages and Commands...................... 16

Table 5. Fix, Log and Reporting Rate Parameters, Settings, Messages and Commands 17
Table 6. Provisioning Command for Default Configuration Settings and Log Clearing . 27

Table 7, Minimize Communication Costs and Query-to-Fix .......................................... 28

Table 8, Sample Non-default Commands for Query-to-Fix Configuration...................... 28

Table 9, Stationary Asset Settings ................................................................................... 29

Table 10, Sample Non-default Commands for Stationary Configuration ........................ 29

Table 11, High Performance Settings .............................................................................. 31

Table 12, Sample High Performance Settings .................................................................. 31

Table 13. Message Log with 1Hz GPS and PositionAged Flag. ..................................... 31

Table 14, Disable Module Alert Configuration Settings .................................................. 32

Table 15, Construction Equipment Monitoring Settings................................................. 34

Table 16, Sample Construction Equipment Monitoring Settings ..................................... 34

Table 17, High Priority Alert Processing.......................................................................... 75

Table 18, Medium Priority Alert Processing .................................................................... 76

Table 19, Low Priority Alert Processing .......................................................................... 77

Table 20, Summary of AT Commands............................................................................. 82

Table 21, AT+CTKC Assignment .................................................................................... 83

Table 22, AT+CTKC? Query ........................................................................................... 84

Table 23, AT+CTKE Factory Default & Log Erase Command ....................................... 85

Table 24, AT+CTKF Assignment .................................................................................... 85

Table 25, AT+CTKF? Query............................................................................................ 86

Table 26, AT+CTKJ Assignment ..................................................................................... 87

Table 27, AT+CTKJ? Query ............................................................................................ 87

Table 28, AT+CTKG Assignment.................................................................................... 88

Table 29, AT+CTKG? Query ........................................................................................... 88

Table 30, AT+CTKK Assignment.................................................................................... 89

Table 31, AT+CTKK? Query ........................................................................................... 90

Table 32, AT+CTK0? Query ............................................................................................ 91

Table 33, AT+CTKP Assignment .................................................................................... 91

Table 34, AT+CTKP? Query............................................................................................ 92

Table 35, AT+CTKX Assignment.................................................................................... 94

Table 36, AT+CTKX? Query ........................................................................................... 96

Table 37, AT+CTKY Assignment.................................................................................... 97

Table 38, AT+CTKY? Query ........................................................................................... 98

Table 39, AT+CTKZ Assignment .................................................................................... 99

Table 40, AT+CTKZ? Query.......................................................................................... 100

Table 41, ATI Query....................................................................................................... 101

Table 42, Diagnostic LED Blink Rates........................................................................... 104

Table 43, Basic Message Format.................................................................................... 106

Table 44, Message Qualifiers ......................................................................................... 106

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab viii

Table 45, Sample XOR Checksum Source Code............................................................ 108

Table 46, TrimTrac Application Protocol Messages (Sorted by Name) ........................ 109

Table 47, TrimTrac Application Protocol Messages (Sorted by Header) ...................... 110

Table 48, TrimTrac Command and Response Summary................................................ 111

Table 49, SET_ALERT_STATE Message..................................................................... 112

Table 50, SET_APP_CONFIG Message ........................................................................ 113

Table 51, SET_EXT_APP_CONFIG Message .............................................................. 115

Table 52, SET_EXT2_APP_CONFIG Message ............................................................ 116

Table 53, SET_ GEOFENCE_CONFIG Message.......................................................... 117

Table 54, SET_GPRS_CONNECT_CONFIG Message................................................. 118

Table 55, SET_ GPRS_SETUP _CONFIG Message ..................................................... 119

Table 56, SET_GPS_CONFIG Message ........................................................................ 120

Table 57, SET_PROV_CONFIG Message..................................................................... 120

Table 58, SET_MODULE_APP_CONFIG Message..................................................... 121

Table 59, SET_CONTROL_OUTPUT Message............................................................ 122

Table 60, QUERY_CONFIG Message........................................................................... 123

Table 61, QUERY_GEOFENCE_CONFIG Message.................................................... 123

Table 62, QUERY_LOG Message ................................................................................. 124

Table 63, QUERY_METERS Message.......................................................................... 125

Table 64, QUERY_POSITION Message ....................................................................... 126

Table 65, QUERY_CONTROL_OUTPUT Message ..................................................... 126

Table 66, REPORT_POS and STATUS_MSG Messages.............................................. 128

Table 67, RESP_ALERT_STATE Message................................................................... 129

Table 68, RESP_APP_CONFIG Message...................................................................... 130

Table 69, RESP_EXT_APP_CONFIG Message............................................................ 132

Table 70, RESP_EXT2_APP_CONFIG Message.......................................................... 133

Table 71, RESP_ GEOFENCE_CONFIG Message ....................................................... 134

Table 72, RESP_GPRS_CONNECT_CONFIG Message .............................................. 135

Table 73, RESP_ GPRS_SETUP _CONFIG Message................................................... 136

Table 74, RESP_GPS_CONFIG Message...................................................................... 136

Table 75, RESP_METERS Message .............................................................................. 137

Table 76, RESP_PROV_CONFIG Message .................................................................. 137

Table 77, RESP_Query_AGGR Message....................................................................... 138

Table 78, RESP_QUERY_LOG Message...................................................................... 138

Table 79, RESP_MODULE_APP Message ................................................................... 139

Table 80, RESP_MODULE_OUTPUT Message........................................................... 140

Table 81, TrimTrac and TrimTrac 1.5 Part Numbers..................................................... 142

Table 82, Basic Unit, SMS and Security Parameters, Messages and Command ........... 147

Table 83, GPS Parameters, Messages and Command .................................................... 147

Table 84, Basic State Machine Parameters, Messages and Command........................... 148

Table 85, Enhanced Feature Parameters and Defaults.................................................... 151

Table 86, Vehicle Adapter or Control Module Parameters and Defaults....................... 152

Table 87, GPRS Communication Provisioning Read/Write Parameters........................ 153

Table 88, Extended1.5 Read/Write Parameters. ............................................................. 154

Table 89, Geofence Settings. .......................................................................................... 155

Table 90, Stateless Operations........................................................................................ 156

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab ix

Table 91, Read-only Parameters..................................................................................... 159

Table 92, Summary of AT Commands and Defaults...................................................... 160

Table 93, TrimTrac Application Protocol Messages (Sorted by Name) ........................ 161

Table 94, TrimTrac Application Protocol Messages (Sorted by Header) ...................... 162

Table 95, TrimTrac Command and Response Summary................................................ 163

Table 96. Parameter Name Field Cross-Reference....................................................... 164

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab x

List of Figures

Figure 1, Vehicle Placement versus Expected Number of Reports.................................. 39

Figure 2, Expected Reporting Frequencies....................................................................... 50

Figure 3, Warm Start TTFFs............................................................................................. 51

Figure 4, Summary TrimTrac Operational State Diagram ............................................... 52

Figure 5, HPA Processing in TRANSMIT ....................................................................... 63

Figure 6, MPA Processing in TRANSMIT....................................................................... 64

Figure 7, LPA Processing in TRANSMIT........................................................................ 65

Figure 8, Other Message Processing in TRANSMIT ....................................................... 66

Figure 9, Vehicle Adapter Module Alert Wiring Diagram............................................. 165

Figure 10, Control Module Wiring Diagram (TBD) ...................................................... 166

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab xi

About this Manual

Welcome to the DRAFT TrimTracTM 1.5 Locator Technical Manual. This manual is
intended for use by system integrators, service providers and application developers
(collectively, “Resellers”). It is not intended for end-users of the TrimTrac 1.5. Any
end-user documentation is to be prepared and furnished by the Resellers.

This manual covers the TrimTrac 1.5 with 1.xx and later firmware and operating
on 850 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz and 1900 MHz Global System for Mobile
communication (GSM) networks. Data and Event Reporting support is by Short
Message Service (SMS), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), or both. This
manual describes how to set up, configure, install, operate, and troubleshoot the
product. Even if you have used other GSM or Global Positioning System (GPS)
products before, Trimble recommends that you spend some time reading this
manual to learn about the special features of this product. If you are not familiar
with GSM or GPS, visit Trimble Component Technologies’ Web site dedicated to
the TrimTrac product (www.trimtrac.com) for a look at the device, GSM and GPS.
Trimble assumes that you are familiar with Microsoft Windows (2000, XP),
including HyperTerminal, and know how to use a mouse, select options from
menus and dialogs, make selections from lists, and refer to online help.

While this manual does not apply to earlier versions of the TrimTrac locator, the
TrimTrac 1.5 locator is backward compatible with applications developed for
earlier versions of the TrimTrac locator.

This manual is available in portable document format (PDF) from the following Web
site: http://www.trimtrac.com/support

Related Information

TrimTrac Web site at www.trimtrac.com . This site is dedicated to TrimTrac
locator. Application notes, technical notes, and other useful product information
are available from this site. These documents contain important information about
software and hardware changes.

Release notes – the release notes describe new features of the product,
information not included in the manuals, and any changes to the manuals. The
release notes, if any, are available for download from the above Web address.

Authorized partners have access to a download section of the www.trimtrac.com
Web site. To request a User Name and Password to access this download site,
please send an email to [e-mail]
information.

. Please include all your contact

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab xii

Technical Assistance

If you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the product
documentation, please contact your local Trimble Component Technologies sales office,
sales engineer or distributor. The Trimble technical support organization can be reached
by telephone at 1-800-767-4822 when dialing from within the United States, or at +1­408-481-7921 when dialing from outside the United States.

Alternately, you can contact your nearest authorized TrimTrac distributor:

Africa:

GLT, Ltd.
PO Box: 11083
Aston Manor 1630, South Africa
Tel. [phone]
Fax. [phone]

www.gpslt.com

Australia, New Zealand and South
Pacific Islands:

GeoSystems, Ltd.
PO Box 8160
Christchurch
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

www.geosystems.co.nz

Europe:

GLT, Ltd.
Henfield Business Park, Shoreham Rd
Henfield, W. Sussex, UK BN5 9SL
Tel. [phone]
Fax. [phone]

www.gpslt.com

When contacting technical support, please be prepared to provide the information listed
on the following page.

Latin America:

Topp Data Solutions
3055 NW 84 Avenue
Doral, FL 33122 USA
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

www.toppdatasolutions.com

North America:

Novotech Technologies
155 Terence Matthews Crescent
Kanata, Ontario
Canada K2M 2A8
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

www.novotechdistribution.com

Topp Data Solutions
3055 NW 84 Avenue
Doral, FL 33122 USA
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

www.toppdatasolutions.com

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab xiii

Information Required for Technical Assistance

1. Unit IMEI number

2. Current configurations settings and message log according to:

ATI (See Page 101)
AT+CTKC? (See Page 83)
AT+CTKF? (See Page 85)
AT+CTKJ? (See Page 87)
AT+CTKG? (See Page 88)
AT+CTKK? (See Page 89)
AT+CTKP? (See Page 91)
AT+CTKX? (See Page 93)
AT+CTKY? (See Page 97)
AT+CTKZ? (See Page 99)
AT+CTKO? (See Page 91)

3. Name of SIM Card Carrier

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab xiv

Firmware Exceptions

This manual covers the TrimTrac 1.5 with 1.00 firmware. The following features do not
work as specified in firmware
Revision: 0.80.03.0001

EXCEPTIONS

Automatic Message Log Dump does not function correctly and should not be

enabled.
Initial geofence violations are reported correctly; however, subsequent positions are
reported with
any geofence violation persists. As a result, messages with geofence violation and
TriggerType set to 1 will not be transmitted if Report Delay Flay is set to 1
Some geofence violation messages do not include position information. Status only
messages may be sent; however, the >RTKK is provided.
When 1 Hz GPS is enabled, last known position is included in multiple messages if
GPS remains unavailable.
Reponses to >QTKD messages will be delayed until the expiration of the DELAY or
IDLE Timeouts if the >QTKD message was received during either of these two states
even if OnDemand Polling is enabled.
If the device loses GPS time, then runtime meter threshold reporting will be in error
until the device reacquires GPS time.

Geofences are 24/7 only in this version of code.

Certain default values may not coincide with the values listed in this draft manual

LPA Input Delay does not function and should not be enabled.

LPA will not disarm in Monitor-only mode.
Unit operates with external GPS antenna only. The internal GPS antenna does not

function
Non-RoHS compliant

TriggerType set “1=Motion” instead of being set to “2=Alert” while

Table 1, Firmware Exceptions – TrimTrac 1.5

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab xv

Safety First

Simple Guidelines

Please follow these guidelines when configuring, using or recycling the TrimTrac

1.5. Violating these guidelines may be dangerous, illegal or otherwise detrimental.
Further detailed information is provided in this manual.

Do Not Operate Where Prohibited

Do not allow the TrimTrac 1.5 to operate wherever wireless phone use is prohibited or
when doing so may cause interference or danger. Examples include but are not limited to
operation in hospitals, aircraft, near blasting sites or wherever operation can cause
interference.

Interference

Like all wireless devices, the TrimTrac 1.5 may encounter electrical interference that may
affect its performance.

Avoid Body Contact with Device During Operation

Do not operate the TrimTrac 1.5 in direct contact with your body.

Qualified Service

Except for batteries and Subscriber Identification Module (SIM) card, the TrimTrac 1.5
contains no user serviceable or replaceable parts. Non-functioning units must be returned
to an authorized service center for repair or replacement.

Accessories and Batteries

Use only approved accessories or batteries. Do not connect incompatible products.
There is risk of explosion if an incorrect type replaces batteries. Dispose of used batteries
according to the instructions provided with the batteries.

Water-Resistance

The TrimTrac 1.5 is not waterproof. Even though it is water-resistant, it is recommended
that it be used where it is relatively dry and not subjected to either water streams or
submersion.

Recycling

For information on how to recycle this product in the European Union, go to
www.trimble.com/environment/summary.html or call [phone] and ask for the
"WEEE Associate" or mail a request for recycling instructions to:

Trimble Europe BV
c/o Menlo Worldwide Logistics
Meerheide 45
5521 DZ Eersel, NL.

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 1

Detailed Safety Information

Exposure to Radio Frequency Signals

The TrimTrac 1.5 is a low power radio transmitter and receiver. When it is ON, it
receives and also sends out radio frequency (RF) signals.

In August 1996, the Federal Communications Commissions (FCC) adopted RF
exposure guidelines with safety levels for hand-held wireless phones. Those
guidelines are consistent with safety standards previously set by both U.S. and
international standards bodies:

ANSI C95.1 (1992)

NCRP Report 86 (1986)

ICNIRP (1996)

Those standards were based on comprehensive and periodic evaluations of the
relevant scientific literature. For example, over 120 scientists, engineers, and
physicians from universities, government health agencies, and industry reviewed
the available body of research to develop the ANSI Standard (C95.1)

The TrimTrac 1.5 is not intended for handheld use or to be worn on the body. A
minimum separation of ten (10”) inches (25 cm) be maintained between the
TrimTrac 1.5 and any persons’ body.

Electronic Devices

Most modern electronic equipment is shielded from RF signals. However, certain
electronic equipment may not be shielded against the RF signals generated by the
TrimTrac 1.5.

Pacemakers

The Health Industry Manufacturers Association recommends that a minimum
separation of six (6”) inches be maintained between a handheld wireless phone
and a pacemaker to avoid potential interference with the pacemaker. These
recommendations are consistent with the independent research by and
recommendations of Wireless Technology Research. The TrimTrac 1.5 is not
intended for handheld use or to be worn on the body. A minimum separation of
ten (10”) inches (25 cm) be maintained between the TrimTrac 1.5 and any
persons’ body.

Persons with pacemakers:

Should ALWAYS keep the TrimTrac 1.5 more than ten (10”) inches (25
cm) from their pacemaker with the device is operational.

Should not carry the TrimTrac 1.5 on their person

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 2

If there is any reason to suspect that interference is taking place, the
TrimTrac 1.5 Battery Pack or Vehicle Adapter or Control Module should
be removed immediately.

Other Medical Devices

If any other personal medical devices are used in the vicinity of a TrimTrac 1.5,
consult the manufacturers of the medical devices to determine if they are
adequately shielded from external RF energy. Physicians may be able to assist in
obtaining this information.

Disable operation of the TrimTrac 1.5 by removing the Battery Pack or Vehicle
Adapter or Control Module in health care facilities when any regulations posted in
these areas prohibit the use of wireless phones or two-way radios. Hospitals and
health care facilities may be using equipment that could be sensitive to external
RF energy.

Vehicles

RF signals may affect improperly installed or inadequately shielded electronic
systems in motor vehicles. Check with the manufacturer or its representative
regarding the vehicle. Also consult the manufacturer of any equipment that has
been added to the vehicle.

Posted Facilities

Disable operation of the TrimTrac 1.5 by removing the Battery Pack or Vehicle
Adapter or Control Module in any facility where posted notices prohibit the use of
wireless phones or two-way radios.

Aircraft

FCC and FAA regulations prohibit using wireless phones while in the air. Disable
operation of the TrimTrac 1.5 by removing the Battery Pack or Vehicle Adapter
or Control Module prior to boarding or loading in an aircraft.

Blasting Areas

To avoid interfering with blasting operations, disable operation of the TrimTrac

1.5 by removing the Battery Pack or Vehicle Adapter or Control Module when in
a “blasting area” or in areas posted: “Turn off two-way radio”. Obey all signs
and instructions.

Potentially Explosive Atmospheres

Disable operation of the TrimTrac 1.5 by removing the Battery Pack or Vehicle
Adapter or Control Module prior to entering any area with a potentially explosive
atmosphere and obey all signs and instructions. Sparks in such areas could cause
an explosion or fire resulting in bodily injury or even death.

Areas with a potentially explosive atmosphere are often, but not always marked
clearly. Potential areas may include: fueling areas (such as gasoline stations);

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 3

below deck on boats; fuel or chemical transfer or storage facilities; vehicles using
liquefied petroleum gas (such as propane or butane); areas where the air contains
chemicals or particles (such as grain, dust, or metal powders); and any other area
where it would normally be advisable to turn off motor vehicle engines.

For Vehicles Equipped with an Air Bag

An air bag inflates with great force. DO NOT place objects, including the
TrimTrac 1.5, in the area over the air bag or in the air bag deployment area. If in­vehicle wireless equipment is improperly installed and the air bag inflates, serious
injury could result.

Specific Absorption Rates (SAR)

THE TRIMTRAC 1.5 IS NOT DESIGNED TO BE WORN ON A PERSON’S
BODY. AS SUCH, BODY WORN TEST POSITIONS FOR THE TRIMTRAC

1.5 ARE NOT REQUIRED BY EITHER THE EN50360/1 FOR GSM 1800 DCS
BAND OR GSM900 OR FCC REQUIREMENTS FOR 850 OR 1900 PCS
BAND.

The TrimTrac 1.5 is not intended for handheld use or to be worn on the body. A
minimum separation of ten (10”) inches (25 cm) be maintained between the
TrimTrac 1.5 and any persons’ body.

Additional information on Specific Absorption Rates (SAR) can be found on the
Cellular Telecommunications & Internet Association (CTIA) Web site at

http://www.phonefacts.net

Battery Safety Information

Adhere to the following guidelines to avoid the risk of fire or explosion:

1. Do not batteries are replaced by an incorrect type.

2. Dispose of used batteries according to the instructions provided with the

batteries.

3. Do not drop, puncture, disassemble, mutilate, or incinerate batteries.

4. Touching both terminals of a battery with a metal object will short circuit the

battery. Do not carry batteries loosely if the contacts may touch coins, keys,
and other metal objects (such as in pockets or bags).

5. Do not heat the batteries to try to rejuvenate their charge.

6. Replace all four batteries at the same time.

7. Do not mix batteries with different charge levels.

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 4

Overview

Introduction

This manual covers the TrimTrac 1.5 operating on 850 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800
MHz and 1900 MHz GSM networks. As used in this manual, the term GSM shall
include any and all of these frequencies.

Regulatory Approvals

CE

The TrimTrac product complies with the essential requirements of the
R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC as stated by the EC Declaration of Conformity
(CE0681).

The TrimTrac product complies with the European Telecommunications
Standards Institute Specifications ETS300-342-1 (EMC for GSM 900MHZ
and DCS 1800MHZ Radio Equipment and Systems).

EEC

The TrimTrac product complies with Directive 72/245/EEC as amended by
Directive 95/54/EC (el*72/245*95/54). 1.1.2

FCC

The TrimTrac product complies with FCC Part 15, FCC Part 24, and
Industry Canada requirements.

The TrimTrac product complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions:

(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) This device must accept any interference received, including

interference that may cause undesired operation.

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 5

TrimTrac 1.5 New Features and Capabilities

The TrimTrac 1.5 locator is a small, lightweight asset-monitoring device that
requires little, if any, installation when used in its battery-powered configuration.
Different hardware and setting options allow the device to be configured to meet a
variety of demanding installation and operational requirements. Motion-based
reporting continues to be an important tool in minimizing power consumption and
recurring communication costs.

Key Features:

 Portable, AA Battery-Powered

 No External Wires or Antennas Needed

 Low or No Installation Costs

 No Custom Programming Required

 Ready-to-Use Water-Resistant Housing

 Quad-band GSM/SMS/GPRS

 Enhanced GPS

Ready-to-Use, No Custom Programming Required

Simply insert an activated SIM card and batteries and tell the device where to
send the position data and the TrimTrac 1.5 is ready to start reporting. In its
default configuration, reports are sent nominally at 15-minute intervals whenever
there is motion; status messages are sent once every 12 hours when the device is
at rest. Upon powering up, the device will self-initialize anywhere in the world
and start transmitting if an authorized GSM network is available.

Alternately, the unit can be easily re-configured to address any number of more
sophisticated applications or, when used with an optional plug-in module, be
connected to external power, monitor multiple inputs and control other systems or
devices, such as door locks, immobilizers and remote start systems.

While a basic understanding of the different TrimTrac 1.5 operational states is
helpful, configuring the TrimTrac 1.5 does not require a highly skilled software
programmer or technician.

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 6

Cost-effective, Universally Available Communications

The TrimTrac 1.5 takes advantage of the near universal availability of GSM SMS
text messaging while also leveraging cost-effective GPRS data rate plans.
Typical SMS plans offer very extensive inter-network roaming capabilities, both
within a host country and internationally. SMS plans also tend to be too pricey
for applications requiring more than a few reports per day.

GPRS data plans, on the other hand, typically allow for lower recurring
communication costs although GPRS coverage and roaming can be restricted in
some areas. The TrimTrac 1.5 takes advantage of both technologies by
automatically selecting GPRS wherever such service is available, while relying
upon SMS text messages as backup when outside GPRS coverage. This helps
minimize recurring communication costs while allowing the greatest coverage
possible.

Hardware Options

A number of different hardware options are available to enhance the suitability of
the TrimTrac 1.5 to particular application requirements. These options include a
miniature external GPS antenna that allows for more discrete, protected
installation of the TrimTrac 1.5.

In addition, two plug-in modules are offered; both provide connection to external
9-32 VDC power to eliminate the need to change batteries and can monitor inputs
of three different priority levels. The control module also provides two outputs
that can be used to control other on-board devices or systems, such as door locks,
immobilizers and remote start systems.

To address different mounting requirements, two mounting brackets are offered.
A metal bracket is available for more permanent installations while a “quick­release” style plastic bracket is used when rapid insertion and removal of the
TrimTrac 1.5 is desired. This is particularly useful when a battery- powered
TrimTrac 1.5 is routinely moved from one asset to another.

Optional Plug-In Modules

The following options are available as plug-in modules that replace the standard
TrimTrac 1.5 batteries:

Provisioning Module. Allows configuration of the TrimTrac 1.5 via a
USB 2.0 connection to a PC.

Vehicle Adapter Module. Allows connection to an external 9-32 VDC
power supply and provides three types of open/closed switch and wiring
monitoring connections. The Vehicle Adapter Module includes a
rechargeable stand-by battery that allows continued operation of the
TrimTrac 1.5 for a limited period of time if external power is lost.

Control Module. Same as a Vehicle Adapter Module plus two 500 mA
low-side driver outputs capable of controlling one automotive grade relay
each.

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 7

Enhanced Functional Capabilities

Position reporting triggered by motion continues to be an important attribute of
the TrimTrac 1.5; however, a range of powerful new functional enhancements
now augments this basic capability. The TrimTrac 1.5 is backwards compatible
with applications developed for the first generation TrimTrac.

On-board Geofencing

The TrimTrac 1.5 can self-monitor up to two geofences. These geofences can be
either rectangular or circular with reporting based upon whether the device is
inside or outside the geofence area or when it has simply crossed the geofence
boundary. Geofences can be established either during initial activation of the
device, established on-the-fly via over-the-air commands or upon operation of a
local switch connected to the TrimTrac 1.5 input module. These capabilities
allow the device to be “locked down” where needed without creating nuisance
reports during normal operation. (See AT+CTKK on page 89;
SET_GEOFENCE_CONFIG on page 117)

Scheduled Hours of Operation

The feature is particularly useful in the monitoring of commercial assets that are
used during certain hours of the day, but then are supposed to remain at rest
during the after hours.

The Schedule Hours of Operation feature is used to establish how the device will
operate during daily hours of normal operation. During normal hours of
operation, position reports may not be needed unless, for instance, a geofence has
been violated. Outside normal hours of operation, however, any motion of an
asset may be considered “unauthorized” and it would be desirable for the
TrimTrac 1.5 to report this motion and its current position. Monitoring of
equipment at a construction site is an application example that would use this
Schedule Hours of Operation feature, possibly in conjunction with a geofence.
(See AT+CTKZ on page 99; SET_EXT2_APP_CONFIG on page 116)

Runtime Meters (2)

Equipment maintenance schedules are often managed based upon accumulated
run-time hours. The TrimTrac 1.5 offers two resetable runtime meters: one is
triggered by motion and, if a plug-in module is used, the other can be hardwired
to contacts on a sensor, such as an oil pressure switch. (See AT+CTKZ on page
99; SET_EXT2_APP_CONFIG on page 116)

Start/Stop Reporting Mode

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 8

This mode causes the TrimTrac 1.5 to compute and transmit one position report
upon first motion and one position report after coming to rest. There are no
reports transmitted in between even though the device may be logging, but not
transmitting, positions in the background. This provides a historical log that
could be queried should the need arise while minimizing communication costs in
the mean time. How long the device must remain at rest before transmitting the
stop report is determined primarily by the DELAY Timeout, T4. (See Report
Delay Flag settings in AT+CTKC on page 83; SET_APP_CONFIG on page 113)

Automatic Message Log Dump

When GSM coverage becomes available after a period of no coverage, the
TrimTrac 1.5 can be configured to transmit messages that would have otherwise
been transmitted had GSM coverage been uninterrupted. This feature would be
used when the TrimTrac 1.5 is expected to come in and out of GSM coverage
areas and it is important for the server application to know where the device has
been regardless of GSM availability. (See AT+CTKZ on page 99;
SET_EXT2_APP_CONFIG on page 116)

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 9

Application Feature Details

The TrimTrac 1.5 supports a number of important new application features that modify
how the TrimTrac 1.5 cycles through the basic state machine described in the previous
sections. Before reading this section, it would be useful to have a basic understanding of
the TrimTrac 1.5 state machined as detailed in State Machine Overview section or,
preferably, the State Machine Design Details section.

Even though the TrimTrac 1.5 can be used literally out-of-the-box with very little effort,
if the factory default settings are used, the device is also highly configurable based on the
particular requirements of any given application. When changing from factory default
settings, constant vigilance must be given to communication cost and power
consumption. It is possible, for instance, to configure the TrimTrac 1.5 to provide very
rapid reporting, but doing so may result in unacceptably high power consumption and/or
communication costs, especially if SMS is used in lieu of GPRS.

The following sections go in detail how the application features operate, how to set them
up and what some of the trade offs may be in terms of power consumption and
communication costs. In other sections of this technical manual, specific configuration
recommendations are set fort for some typical applications scenarios.

Geofences

By establishing and using geofences, geographic areas of authorized and unauthorized
use can be defined and enforced. If a geofence violation occurs, the operation of the
TrimTrac 1.5 will be adjusted based upon how it is configured. For instance, should you
wish to establish an area where movement of the device is “authorized” and you only
wish to receive position reports when the monitored asset leaves this area, then you
would use the geofence capability of the TrimTrac. The TrimTrac 1.5 can support up to
two geofences. Geofence violations selectively set the Report Delay Flag while the other
configuration parameters remain essentially unchanged.

Once a geofence violation is detected, the Report Delay Flag will be temporarily set
“1=Transmit All Messages”, the device will transmit a both a new position report noting
the geofence violation and a message noting which geofence had been violated. Unless
the Geofence Type had been defined as a boundary-crossing geofence, the device will
continue reporting until the device is no longer violating the geofence conditions. It will
report the first position that is not in violation of the geofence, but stop reporting until
another geofence violation or some other appropriate TriggerType event occurs

Enforcement

You can decide whether to enforce a geofence at all times (24/7) or, if the
TrimTrac 1.5 is equipped with either a Vehicle Adapter or Control Module with
the LPA input connected to a switch, the geofence will be enforced only while the
LPA input monitored switch is in the closed position. If the LPA input is
configured as a geofence, then the LPA input cannot be used as either an alert or
runtime meter input and vice versa.

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 10

Geofence Center

To establish a geofence area, whether circular or rectangular in shape, you must
first select the center point of the geofence area defined in latitude and longitude.
This can be done in three ways. Either you enter it into the TrimTrac 1.5 during
the provisioning process, by sending a TrimTrac Application command via the
GSM network, or, if the TrimTrac 1.5 is using either a Vehicle Adapter or Control
Module, by configuring the LPA input to define and/or enable a geofence based
upon the operation of a LPA switch.

It is acceptable to have geofences that overlap one another; however, having one
geofence located entirely inside the other should be avoided.

Geofence Shape and Size

Once the centerpoint of the geofence has been determined, you must then define
the overall dimensions of the geofence area. In the case of rectangular geofences,
you will need to define the due East-West and North-South lengths. Alternately,
you would define the diameter of the circular geofence area.

Since the geofences used by TrimTrac are orthographic projections, latitude and
longitude distortions increase further away from the center point. As such, the
maximum length of any given geofence dimension is limited to 1000 kilometers.
For rectangular geofences, this means no side can be more than 1000 kilometers.
The diameter of a circular geofence is similarly limited to 1000 kilometers.

Geofence Type

Finally, you will need to define the type of geofences that will be used. All
geofences in the TrimTrac 1.5 must be of the same type, of which there are three
choices: Boundary Crossing, Inclusive and Exclusive. In the case of Boundary
Crossing, the TrimTrac 1.5 will send a geofence-triggered report each time the
TrimTrac 1.5 detects it has crossed the boundary of an active geofence. This
report will be transmitted, along with a message indicating which geofence had its
boundary crossed, regardless of how the Report Delay Flag is set.

In the case of an inclusive geofence area used in conjunction with the Report
Delay Flag, the device will not normally transmit position or status messages
whenever it is located inside the defined geofence area. As soon as a position is
computed that is outside the geofence area, the device will commence
transmitting position and status reports as if the Report Delay Flag is set
“0=Transmit All Messages”. The device will continue transmitting in this mode
until the device re-enters the inclusive geofence area.

Conversely, the device will begin transmitting position and status reports
whenever the device is inside an exclusive geofence area.

The relevant parameters, settings, messages and commands used to defined and
activate geofences are set forth in Table 2 on the following page and in Table 89
on page 155.

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 11

Parameter Settings Msg. Header

(See Page)

Geofence ID Unique geofence identifier 1 or 2

Geofence
Enforcement

0=Disabled; 1=Enforced 24/7;
2=LPA Input Enforced; 3=LPA
Centered and Enforced.

Geofence
Delta X

100s of meters (1 – 10000) Note:
East-West length of rectangular
Geofence area or, if circular, the
diameter. 1=100 Meters

Geofence
Delta Y

100s of meters (0, 1 – 10000) Note:
If set to “0”, then circular Geofence

>STKK (117)
>QTKK (123)
>RTKK (134)

area; else rectangular Geofence area.
1=100 Meters

Geofence
Center
Latitude

WGS-84 Coordinates. Units of
Degrees to 7 decimal places plus ‘+’
sign = North and ‘-‘ = South.
(-90.0000000 to +90.0000000)

Geofence
Center
Longitude

WGS-84 Coordinates. Units of
Degrees to 7 decimal places plus ‘+’
sign = East and ‘-‘ = West.
(-180.0000000 to +180.0000000)

Commands
( See Page)

AT+CTKK

(89)

Geofence
Type

Automatic
Message Log

0=Boundary Crossing; 1=Inclusive;
2=Exclusive

0=Disabled; 1=Enabled

>STKZ (116)
>QTKZ (123)
>RTKZ (133)

Dump

Report Delay
Flag

0=Transmit All Messages;
1=Transmit Alert, Query response
and Scheduled messages only;
2=Transmit Motion-related AND
Alert, Query response and
Scheduled messages only; 3=

>STKA (113)
>QTKA (123)
>RTKA (130)

Transmit IDLE Timeout, T1, Status
Messages AND Alert, Query
response and Scheduled messages
only; 4=Start/Stop Reporting; 5=Log
5 messages, transmit next; 6=Log 10
messages, transmit next

Table 2. Geofence Parameters, Settings, Messages and Commands

AT+CTKZ

(99)

AT+CTKC

(83)

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 12

Reporting Geofence Violations

To avoid nuisance geofence violations, a 30-meter diameter circle is established
with the center point being the current position of the TrimTrac 1.5. Before a
geofence violation is recorded, this circle must be 100% either inside or outside
the geofence area or, if the geofence is a boundary crossing type, 100% crossed
over the boundary line on either side. The fixed 30-meter diameter is the typical
positional error one might experience in an urban environment where reflected
signals, multipath and interference may influence the position solution.

Inclusive geofence violations will be reported if the TrimTrac 1.5 is outside both
geofence areas. Conversely, if the TrimTrac 1.5 is inside either of the geofence
areas, then no violations will be reported.

Exclusive geofence violations will be reported if the TrimTrac 1.5 is inside either
geofence area. Conversely, if the TrimTrac 1.5 is outside both geofence areas,
then no violations will be reported.

Whenever a geofence violation (boundary crossing, inclusive or exclusive) has
occurred, the TrimTrac 1.5 will transmit at least once to the server application
assuming GSM coverage is available. In the case of inclusive and exclusive
geofence violations, the device will continue transmitting reports until the device
re-enters an inclusive area or exits an exclusive geofence, respectively.

Upon the initial violation of an inclusive or exclusive geofence, the TrimTrac will
send a new POSITION_REP and a RESP_GEOFENCE_CONFIG message. If
SMS is being used, both messages will be included in a single SMS message.
The POSITION_REP will have the TriggerType set “2=Alert”, the position that
first triggered the violation notice and the Geofence Status field will be set
“1=Violation”.

The RESP_GEOFENCE_CONFIG message will denote which particular
geofence was violated. Only the most recently violated geofence will be
identified even if more than one geofence had been violated concurrently.

The device will continue transmitting POSITION_REP and a
RESP_GEOFENCE_CONFIG message so long as motion and the geofence
violation persists. Each new POSITION_REP will also have the TriggerType set
“2=Alert”. Similarly, if the device is unable to get a subsequent position fix or if
the IDLE Timeout, T1, has expired due to no motion, the STATUS_MESSAGE
with have the TriggerType set “2=Alert”. In all cases, the Geofence Status flag in
either the POSITION_REP or STATUS_MESSAGE will be set “1=Geofence
Violation” until a new position fix that is not in violation with the geofence
parameters is computed.

In the case of boundary crossing geofence, the TrimTrac will report once and only
once each time a geofence boundary is crossed by sending a new
POSITION_REP and a RESP_GEOFENCE_CONFIG message. If SMS is being
used, both messages will be included in a single SMS message. The

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 13

POSITION_REP will have the TriggerType set “2=Alert”, the position that first
triggered the boundary crossing notice and the Geofence Status field will be set
“1=Violation”. The RESP_GEOFENCE_CONFIG message will denote which
particular geofence had a boundary crossed.

Geofences and GPS Fix Rate

Depending upon how strictly geofences must be enforced, it may be advantageous
to set the GPS Fix Rate to “1=GPS 1Hz”. Geofences are enforced based upon the
most recently computed GPS position. If the TrimTrac 1.5 only computes a new
fix each time it enters the FIX State, then the latency in reporting a geofence
violation is extended to the time it takes the TrimTrac 1.5 to cycle through the
entire state machine.

If a more vigilant enforcement of the geofence is desired, then the GPS Fix Rate
can be increased to once per second. This would afford more continuous
enforcement of the geofences, albeit at the expense of power consumption, and
near real time reporting of violations.

Geofences and Automatic Message Log Dump

GSM coverage may or may not be available throughout the geofence area and
beyond. This means that a device may be able to slip out of and then back into a
geofence area undetected by server, at least until GSM coverage became
available. If a geofence violation had occurred while there was no GSM
coverage, the device will maintain keep the Geofence Status flag set as a violation
until reported to the server application whether not the device is inside or outside
the geofence area at the time the message is transmitted.

Before the device is able to transmit a message with the geofence violation, the
TrimTrac 1.5 may have traveled well beyond the geofence area while outside
GSM coverage. If the Automatic Message Log Dump feature is enabled, then the
device will not only transmit the message noting the geofence violation when
GSM coverage becomes available, but it will also transmit all positions logged
while traveling in violation of the geofence outside GSM coverage. In so doing,
the server application will not only know that a geofence violation had occurred,
but also where the device traveled in the mean time.

Scheduled Hours of Operation

This feature establishes daily consecutive hours during which use of the monitored asset
is considered either “authorized” or “unauthorized”. In so doing, you establish when no
routine messages are to be transmitted. In effect, the Schedule Hours of Operation
selectively sets the Report Delay Flag in accordance with a daily schedule. (Note: This
feature should not be confused with Scheduled Reporting Mode or the Runtime Meters.)

Before the Schedule Hours of Operation feature can be activated, you must define a daily
start time (relative to UTC) and how long each workday lasts. You must also specify

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 14

which day of the calendar week beginning Sunday UTC constitutes the first workday of
the workweek and how many consecutive workdays are included in each workweek.

You cannot specify a beginning workday later than the total number of workdays per
week. For instance, if you specify Monday as the first workday of week, you cannot
specify seven consecutive workdays since there are only six calendar days remaining in
the calendar week.

Parameter Settings Msg. Header

(See Page)

Scheduled
Hours

Daily Start
Time, T27

0=Disabled; 1=Enabled

In Seconds (0 – 86399) after
12:00AM UTC.

>STKZ(116)

Work Day
Length, T28

First Work
Day of Each
Week

In Seconds (0 – 86400)

0=Sunday; 1=Monday; 2=Tuesday;
3=Wednesday; 4=Thursday;
5=Friday; 6=Saturday (All relative

>RTKZ (133)

>QTKZ(123)

to UTC)

Number of
Work Days
per Week

Table 3. Scheduled Hours Parameters, Settings, Messages and Commands

1= One Day; 2=Two Days; 3=Three
Days; 4=Four Days; 5=Five Days;
6=Six Days; 7=Seven Days

Commands
( See Page)

AT+CTKZ

(99)

Runtime Meters

There are two resetable equipment runtime meters available on the TrimTrac 1.5. One is
based upon motion while the other can be activated via a sensor switch connected to a
Vehicle Adapter or Control Module as a LPA input (unless the LPA input is configured
as a standard input or used for geofences). These meters can be individually activated or
reset. The LPA-based runtime meter accumulates hours whenever the switch contacts are
closed.

Each meter also has a separately programmable countdown timer. Upon expiration of the
countdown timer, the TrimTrac 1.5 will transmit a message indicating which countdown
timer has expired. This feature is useful in equipment maintenance applications where,
of instance, a maintenance operation should occur every so many runtime hours.

To query and/or reset either or both of the runtime meters, the server application must
send a QUERY_METERS message to the TrimTrac 1.5, which will respond with a
RESP_METERS message containing the current runtime readings.

DRAFT TrimTrac 1.5 Technical Manual v0.3ab 15