Trendnet TEG-S40SX User Manual
TEG-S40SX
Gigabit Ethernet Switch
User’s Guide
First Edition (Feb., 2000)
Printed In Taiwan
RECYCLABLE
FCC Warning
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the
limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC
Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a
commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and
can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with this user’s guide, may cause harmful interference
to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a
residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which
case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own
expense.
CE Mark Warning
This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment, this product
may cause radio interference in which case the user may be
required to take adequate measures.
VCCI Warning
BSMI Warning
TABLE OF CONTENTS
0 ABOUT THIS GUIDE.............................................................................. V
ERMS ..........................................................................................................V
T
VERVIEW OF THIS USER’S GUIDE................................................................V
O
1 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................... 1
G
IGABIT ETHERNET TECHNOLOGY ...............................................................1
WITCHING TECHNOLOGY ............................................................................ 2
S
EATURES ..................................................................................................... 3
F
Ports.......................................................................................................... 4
Performance features................................................................................ 4
Management .............................................................................................4
2 UNPACKING AND SETUP...................................................................... 6
NPACKING ..................................................................................................6
U
ETUP ........................................................................................................... 7
S
ESKTOP OR SHELF INSTALLATION .............................................................. 7
D
ACK INSTALLATION ....................................................................................8
R
OWER ON..................................................................................................... 9
P
Power Failure.........................................................................................10
3 IDENTIFYING EXTERNAL COMPONENTS .................................... 11
RONT PANEL .............................................................................................11
F
EAR PANEL ...............................................................................................12
R
IGHT SIDE PANEL...................................................................................... 12
R
NDICATORS .......................................................................................13
LED I
4 CONNECTING THE SWITCH .............................................................15
PC
TO SWITCH ............................................................................................15
WITCH TO SWITCH (OTHER DEVICES) ........................................................16
S
5 SWITCH MANAGEMENT ....................................................................17
LOCAL CONSOLE MANAGEMENT ................................................................17
Console port (RS-232 DCE) ...................................................................18
IP Addresses and SNMP Community Names..........................................18
Traps.......................................................................................................19
MIBs........................................................................................................ 20
Packet Forwarding .................................................................................21
Aging Time..............................................................................................22
Spanning Tree Algorithm........................................................................ 23
STA Operation Levels ............................................................................. 23
User-Changeable Parameters ................................................................25
Illustration of STA................................................................................... 26
6 USING THE CONSOLE INTERFACE................................................. 29
ONNECTING TO THE SWITCH .....................................................................29
C
ONSOLE USAGE CONVENTIONS................................................................. 30
C
IRST TIME CONNECTING TO THE SWITCH .................................................31
F
Steps to Create Administrator or Normal User Access ..........................32
Administrator and Normal User Privileges............................................33
Save Configuration .................................................................................34
OGIN ON THE SWITCH CONSOLE BY REGISTERED USERS .........................34
L
Add/Modify User Account....................................................................... 35
View/Delete User Account ...................................................................... 37
ETTING UP THE SWITCH............................................................................ 38
S
System Configuration.............................................................................. 38
Firmware and Configuration Update ..................................................... 56
System Utilities .......................................................................................58
SNMP Configuration ..............................................................................59
WITCH MONITORING ................................................................................. 61
S
Network Monitoring................................................................................ 61
ESETTING THE SWITCH ............................................................................. 69
R
Restart System......................................................................................... 70
Factory Reset to Default Value............................................................... 70
Logout.....................................................................................................71
7 WEB-BASED NETWORK MANAGEMENT ......................................73
NTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................73
I
ETTING STARTED...................................................................................... 74
G
ANAGEMENT ............................................................................................74
M
Configuration.......................................................................................... 75
Bridge .....................................................................................................87
Monitor ...................................................................................................95
User.......................................................................................................102
Help.......................................................................................................103
8 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS....................................................... 104
9 INDEX.....................................................................................................106
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
0 ABOUT THIS GUIDE
This User’s guide tells you how to install your TEG-S40SX standalone Switch, how to connect it to your Gigabit Ethernet network,
and how to set its configuration using either the built-in console
interface or Web-based management.
Terms
For simplicity, this documentation uses the terms “Switch” (first
letter upper case) to refer to the TEG-S40SX Gigabit Ethernet
Switch, and “switch” (first letter lower case) to refer to all Ethernet
switches, including the TEG-S40SX.
Overview of this User’s Guide
♦ Chapter 1, Introduction. Describes the Switch and its
features.
♦ Chapter 2, Unpacking and Setup. Helps you get started with
the basic installation of the Switch.
♦ Chapter 3, Identifying External Components. Describes the
front panel, rear panel, and LED indicators of the Switch.
♦ Chapter 4, Connecting the Switch. Tells how you can connect
the TEG-S40SX to your Gigabit Ethernet network.
About This Guide v
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
♦ Chapter 5, Switch Management. Talks about Local Console
Management via the RS-232 DCE console port and other
aspects about how to manage the Switch.
♦ Chapter 6, Using the Console Interface. Tells how to use the
built-in console interface to change, set, and monitor Switch
performance and security.
♦ Chapter 7, Web-Based Network Management. Tells how to
manage the Switch through an Internet browser.
♦ Appendix A, Technical Specifications. Lists the technical
specifications of the TEG-S40SX.
vi About This Guide
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
1
1 INTRODUCTION
This section describes the features of the TEG-S40SX, as well as
giving some background information about Gigabit Ethernet and
switching technology.
Gigabit Ethernet Technology
Gigabit Ethernet is an extension of IEEE 802.3 Ethernet utilizing
the same packet structure, format, and support for CSMA/CD
protocol, full duplex, flow control, and management objects, but
with a tenfold increase in theoretical throughput over 100Mbps
Fast Ethernet and a one hundred-fold increase over 10Mbps
Ethernet. Since it is compatible with all 10Mbps and 100Mbps
Ethernet environments, Gigabit Ethernet provides a
straightforward upgrade without wasting a company’s existing
investment in hardware, software, and trained personnel.
The increased speed and extra bandwidth offered by Gigabit
Ethernet is essential to coping with the network bottlenecks that
frequently develop as computers and their busses get faster and
more users use applications that generate more traffic. Upgrading
key components, such as your backbone and servers to Gigabit
Ethernet can greatly improve network response times as well as
significantly speed up the traffic between your subnets.
Introduction 1
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
Gigabit Ethernet enables fast optical fiber connections to support
video conferencing, complex imaging, and similar data-intensive
applications. Likewise, since data transfers occur 10 times faster
than Fast Ethernet, servers outfitted with Gigabit Ethernet NIC’s
are able to perform 10 times the number of operations in the same
amount of time.
In addition, the phenomenal bandwidth delivered by Gigabit
Ethernet is the most cost-effective method to take advantage of
today and tomorrow’s rapidly improving switching and routing
internetworking technologies. And with expected advances in the
coming years in silicon technology and digital signal processing
that will enable Gigabit Ethernet to eventually operate over
unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cabling, outfitting your network
with a powerful 1000Mbps-capable backbone/server connection
creates a flexible foundation for the next generation of network
technology products.
Switching Technology
Another key development pushing the limits of Ethernet
technology is in the field of switching technology. A switch bridges
Ethernet packets at the MAC address level of the Ethernet
protocol transmitting among connected Ethernet or fast Ethernet
LAN segments.
Switching is a cost-effective way of increasing the total network
capacity available to users on a local area network. A switch
increases capacity and decreases network loading by making it
possible for a local area network to be divided into different
segments which don’t compete with each other for network
transmission capacity, giving a decreased load on each.
The switch acts as a high-speed selective bridge between the
individual segments. Traffic that needs to go from one segment to
2 Introduction
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
another is automatically forwarded by the switch, without
interfering with any other segments. This allows the total network
capacity to be multiplied, while still maintaining the same network
cabling and adapter cards.
For Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet networks, a switch is an
effective way of eliminating problems of chaining hubs beyond the
“two-repeater limit.” A switch can be used to split parts of the
network into different collision domains, for example, making it
possible to expand your Fast Ethernet network beyond the 205
meter network diameter limit for 100BASE-TX networks. Switches
supporting both traditional 10Mbps Ethernet and 100Mbps Fast
Ethernet are also ideal for bridging between existing 10Mbps
networks and new 100Mbps networks.
Switching LAN technology is a marked improvement over the
previous generation of network bridges, which were characterized
by higher latencies. Routers have also been used to segment local
area networks, but the cost of a router and the setup and
maintenance required make routers relatively impractical. Today’s
switches are an ideal solution to most kinds of local area network
congestion problems.
Features
The TEG-S40SX Gigabit Ethernet Switch was designed for easy
installation and high performance in an environment where traffic
on the network and the number of users increase continuously.
Switch features include:
Introduction 3
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
Ports
♦ Four Gigabit Ethernet ports of fixed 1000BASE-SX multi-
mode fiber interface.
♦ RS-232 DCE console port for diagnosing the Switch via a
connection to a PC and Console/Out-of-band management.
Performance features
♦ Store and forward switching scheme capability to support
rate adaptation and protocol conversion.
♦ Full duplex to allow two communicating stations to transmit
and receive at the same time.
♦ Data forwarding rate 1,488,100 pps per port at 100% of wire-
speed for 1000Mbps speed.
♦ Data filtering rate eliminates all error packets, runts, etc. at
1,488,100 pps per port at 100% of wire-speed for 1000Mbps
speed.
♦ 12K active MAC address entry table per device with
automatic learning and aging.
♦ 12 MB packet buffer per device.
♦ Supports broadcast storm rate filtering.
Management
♦ RS-232 console port for out-of-band network management
via a PC.
4 Introduction
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
♦ Spanning Tree Algorithm Protocol for creation of alternative
backup paths and prevention of indefinite network loops.
♦ Fully configurable either in-band or out-of-band control via
SNMP based software.
♦ Flash memory for software upgrade. This can be done in-
band via BOOTP/TFTP. Out-of-band console can also initiate
a download request.
♦ Built-in SNMP management: Bridge MIB (RFC 1493),
Ethernet MIB (RFC 1643), RMON MIB (RFC 1757), and
MIB-II (RFC 1213).
Introduction 5
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
2
2 UNPACKING AND
SETUP
This chapter provides unpacking and setup information for the
Switch.
Unpacking
Open the shipping carton of the Switch and carefully unpack its
contents. The carton should contain the following items:
♦ One TEG-S40SX Gigabit Ethernet Switch
♦ Accessory pack: 2 mounting brackets and screws
♦ Four rubber feet with adhesive backing
♦ One AC power cord
♦ This user’s guide with Registration Card
♦ Diskette containing management software
If any item is found missing or damaged, please contact your local
reseller for replacement.
6 Unpacking and Setup
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
Setup
The setup of the Switch can be performed using the following
steps:
♦ The surface must support at least 3 kg.
♦ The power outlet should be within 1.82 meters (6 feet) of the
device.
♦ Visually inspect the power cord and see that it is secured
fully to the AC power connector.
♦ Make sure that there is proper heat dissipation from and
adequate ventilation around the Switch. Do not place heavy
objects on the Switch.
Desktop or Shelf Installation
When installing the Switch on a desktop or shelf, the rubber feet
included with the device must be first attached. Attach these
cushioning feet on the bottom at each corner of the device. Allow
enough ventilation space between the device and the objects
around it.
Unpacking and Setup 7
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
Figure 2-1. Gigabit Ethernet Switch installed on a Desktop
or Shelf
Rack Installation
The TEG-S40SX can be mounted in an EIA standard size, 19-inch
rack, which can be placed in a wiring closet with other equipment.
To install, attach the mounting brackets on the switch’s front
panel (one on each side) and secure them with the screws provided.
Figure 2- 2A. Attaching the mounting brackets to the
Gigabit Ethernet Switch
8 Unpacking and Setup
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
Then, use the screws provided with the equipment rack to mount
the Switch in the rack.
Figure 2-2B. Installing the Gigabit Ethernet Switch in an
equipment rack
Power on
The TEG-S40SX Switch can be used with AC power sources 100 240 VAC, 50 - 60 Hz. The Switch’s power supply will adjust to the
local power source automatically and may be turned on without
having any or all LAN segment cables connected.
After the device is powered on, the LED indicators should respond
as follows:
Unpacking and Setup 9
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
♦ The Power LED indicator will light while the Switch loads
onboard software and blinks when performing a self-test.
♦ The Console LED indicator will remain ON if there is a
connection at the RS-232 port, otherwise this LED indicator
is OFF.
Power Failure
As a precaution, the Switch should be unplugged in case of power
failure. When power is resumed, plug the Switch back in.
10 Unpacking and Setup
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
3
3 IDENTIFYING
EXTERNAL
COMPONENTS
This chapter describes the front panel, rear panel and LED
indicators of the Switch
Front Panel
The front panel of the Switch consists of 4 1000BASE-SX multimode fiber ports, an RS-232 communication port, and LED
indicators.
Figure 3-1. Front panel view of the TEG-S40SX Switch
♦ Four Gigabit Ethernet ports of fixed 1000BASE-SX multi-
mode fiber interface.
Identifying External Components 11
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
♦ RS-232 DCE console port for diagnosing the Switch via a
connection to a PC and Local Console Management.
♦ Comprehensive LED indicators that display the conditions of
the Switch and status of the network. A description of these
LED indicators follows (see LED Indicators).
Rear Panel
The rear panel of the Switch consists of an AC power connector.
The following shows the rear panel of the Switch.
Figure 3-2. Rear panel view of the TEG-S40SX
♦ AC Power Connector This is a three-pronged connector
that supports the power cord. Plug in the female connector of
the provided power cord into this connector, and the male
into a power outlet. Supported input voltages range from
100 ~ 240 VAC at 50 ~ 60 Hz.
Right Side Panel
The right side panel of the Switch contains two system fans. The
following shows the right side panel of the Switch.
12 Identifying External Components
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
Figure 3-3. Right side panel view of the TEG-S40SX
♦ System Fans These fans are used to dissipate heat. The
sides of the system also provide heat vents to serve the same
purpose. Do not block these openings, and leave adequate
space at the rear and sides of the Switch for proper
ventilation. Be reminded that without proper heat
dissipation and air circulation, system components might
overheat, which could lead to system failure.
LED Indicators
The LED indicators of the Switch include Power, Console,
Link/Act, and Full. The following shows the LED indicators for the
Switch along with an explanation of each indicator.
Figure 3-3. The TEG-S40SX Switch LED indicators
♦ Power After turning on the power, the Power indicator on
the front panel should light to indicate the Switch is loading
Identifying External Components 13
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
onboard software and then begins to blink when performing
a self-test. After approximately 2 seconds, the LED light
again to indicate the ready state of the switch.
♦ Console This LED indicator is lit when the switch is being
managed via out-of-band/local console management through
the RS-232 console port using a straight-through serial
cable. When a secured connection is established, this LED
indicator is lit. Otherwise, it is OFF.
♦ Link/Act. These LED indicators are lighted up when there
is a secure connection (or link) to a device at any of the ports.
The LED indicators blink whenever there is reception or
transmission (i.e. Activity--Act) of data occurring at a port.
♦ Full These LED indicators are illuminated when a port is
operating in full-duplex mode.
14 Identifying External Components
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
4
4 CONNECTING THE
SWITCH
This chapter describes how to connect the TEG-S40SX to your
Gigabit Ethernet network.
PC to Switch
A PC can be connected to the Switch via a fiber optic cable. The PC
should be connected to any of the four ports (1x - 4x) of the TEGS40SX.
Figure 4-1. TEG-S40SX Switch connected to a PC or
Workstation (full-duplex mode is required)
The LED indicators for PC connection are dependent on the LAN
card capabilities. If LED indicators are not illuminated after
Connecting The Switch 15
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
making a proper connection, check the PC’s LAN card, the cable,
Switch conditions, and connections.
The following are LED indicator possibilities for a PC to Switch
connection:
♦ The Link/Act LED indicator lights up upon hookup.
Switch to Switch (other devices)
The Switch can be connected to another switch or other devices
(routers, bridges, etc.) via a fiber optic cable.
Figure 4-2. TEG-S40SX Switch to switch connection
16 Connecting The Switch
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
5
5 SWITCH MANAGEMENT
Local Console Management
Local console management involves the administration of the
TEG-S40SX Switch via a direct connection to the RS-232 DCE
console port. From the Main Menu screen of the console program,
an Administrator or Normal User (defined in the next chapter) has
privilege and access to manage, control and monitor the many
functions of the Switch.
The components of the Switch allow them to be part of a
manageable network. These components include a CPU, memory
for data storage, other related hardware, and the SNMP agent
firmware. Activities on the Switch can be monitored with these
components, while the Switch can be manipulated to carry out
specific tasks.
Out-of-Band Management for the Switch is accomplished through
a locally connected management terminal to the RS-232 console
port. Through this port, a user can set up, monitor, or change the
configuration of the Switch.
The Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) provides the capability for the
Switch to operate properly with other Bridges in a SNMP network
supporting the STA. Using the STA, the network will prevent
Switch Management 17
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
network loop, and automatically establish and activate a backup
path in the event of a path failure.
Console port (RS-232 DCE)
Out-of-band management requires connecting a PC (with a SNMP
management platform) to the RS-232 DCE console port of the
Switch. Switch management using terminal emulation/VT100
when connected to the RS-232 DCE console port is called Local
Console Management to differentiate it from management done via
management platforms.
The console port is set for the following configuration:
◊ Baud rate: 9,600
◊ Parity: none
◊ Data width: 8 bits
◊ Stop bits: 1
IP Addresses and SNMP Community
Names
Each Switch has its own IP Address, which is used for
communication with an SNMP network manager or other TCP/IP
application (for example BOOTP, TFTP). You can change the
default Switch IP Address to meet the specification of your
networking address scheme.
In addition, you can also set in the Switch an IP Address for a
gateway or a router. It is useful when the network management
station is not located on the same network as the Switch, making it
necessary for the Switch to go through a gateway or router to
reach the network manager.
18 Switch Management
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
For security, you can set in the Switch a list of IP Addresses of the
network managers that you allow to manage the Switch. You can
also change the default Community Name in the Switch and set
access rights of these Community Names.
Traps
Trap managers are special users of the network who are given
certain rights and access in overseeing the maintenance of the
network. Trap managers can receive traps sent from the Switch;
they must immediately take certain actions to avoid future failure
or breakdown of the network.
Traps are messages that alert you of events that occur on the
Switch. The events can be as serious as a reboot (someone
accidentally turned OFF the Switch), or less serious like a port
status change. The Switch generates traps and sends them to the
network manager (trap managers). The following lists the types of
events that can take place on the Switch.
◊ System resets
◊ Errors
◊ Status changes
◊ Topology changes
◊ Operation
You can also specify which network managers may receive traps
from the Switch by setting a list of IP Addresses of the authorized
network managers.
The following are trap types a trap manager will receive:
♦ Cold Start This trap signifies that the Switch has been
powered up and initialized such that software settings are
Switch Management 19
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
reconfigured and hardware systems are rebooted. A cold
start is different from a factory reset.
♦ Warm Start This trap signifies that the Switch has been
rebooted, however the POST (Power On Self-Test) is skipped.
♦ Authentication Failure This trap signifies that an
addressee (or manager/ user) on the Switch is not a valid
user of the Switch and may have entered an incorrect
community name.
♦ New Root This trap indicates that the Switch has become
the new root of the Spanning Tree, the trap is sent by a
bridge soon after its election as the new root. This implies
that upon expiration of the Topology Change Timer the new
root trap is sent out immediately after the Switch’s selection
as a new root.
♦ Topology Change A Topology Change trap is sent by the
Switch when any of its configured ports transitions from the
Learning state to the Forwarding state, or from the
Forwarding state to the Blocking state. The trap is not sent
if a new root trap is sent for the same transition.
♦ Link Change Event This trap is sent whenever the link of
a port changes from link up to link down or from link down
to link up.
MIBs
The information stored in the Switch is known as the Management
Information Base (MIB). The Switch uses the standard MIB-II
Management Information Base module. Consequently, MIB values
inside the Switch can be retrieved from any SNMP-based network
manager. In addition to the standard MIB-II, the Switch also
supports its own proprietary enterprise MIB as an extended
Management Information Base. These MIBs may also be retrieved
20 Switch Management
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
by specifying the MIB’s Object-Identity (OID) at the network
manager. MIB values can be either read-only or read-write.
Read-only MIBs variables can be either constants that are
programmed into the Switch, or variables that change while the
Switch is in operation. Examples of read-only constants are the
number of ports and types of ports. Examples of read-only
variables are the statistics counters such as the number of errors
that have occurred, or how many kilobytes of data have been
received and forwarded through a port.
Read-write MIBs are variables usually related to user-customized
configurations. Examples of these are the Switch’s IP Address,
Spanning Tree Algorithm parameters, and port status.
If you use a third-party vendors’ SNMP software to manage the
Switch, a diskette listing the Switch’s propriety enterprise MIBs
can be obtained by request. If your software provides functions to
browse or modify MIBs, you can also get the MIB values and
change them (if the MIBs’ attributes permit the write operation).
This process however can be quite involved, since you must know
the MIB OIDs and retrieve them one by one.
Packet Forwarding
The Switch looks at the network configuration to forward packets.
This reduces the traffic congestion on the network, because
packets, instead of being transmitted to all segments, are
transmitted to the destination only. Example: if Port 1 receives a
packet destined for Port 2, the Switch transmits that packet
through Port 2 only, and transmits nothing through Port 1.
♦ Filtering Database A Switch filters frames, i.e., does not
relay frames received by a Switch Port to other Ports on that
Switch, in order to prevent the duplication of frames.
Frames transmitted between a pair of end stations can be
Switch Management 21
Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
confined to LANs that form a path between those end
stations.
The functions that support the use and maintenance of
filtering database information are:
1. Permanent configuration of reserved addresses.
2. Explicit configuration of static filtering information.
3. Automatic learning of dynamic filtering information through
observation of Switched Local Area Network traffic.
4. Aging out of filtering information that has been
automatically learned.
5. Calculation and configuration of Switched Local Area
Network topology.
Aging Time
The Aging Time is a parameter that affects the auto-learn process
of the Switch in terms of the network configuration. Dynamic
Entries, which make up the auto-learned-node address, are aged
out of the address table according to the Aging Time that you set.
The Aging Time can be from 1 to 99 minutes. A very long Aging
Time can result with the out-of-date Dynamic Entries that may
cause incorrect packet filtering/forwarding decisions.
In the opposite case, if the Aging Time is too short, many entries
may be aged out soon, resulting in a high percentage of received
packets whose source addresses cannot be found in the address
table.
22 Switch Management
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