Toro 73570 Operator's Manual
520xi
Wheel Horse Garden Tractor
Model No. 73570—220000001 and Up
Form No. 3325-552
Operator ’s Manual
International English (GB)
This spark ignition system complies with Canadian
ICES-002.
Ce système d’allumage par étincelle de véhicule est
conforme à la norme NMB-002 du Canada.
The enclosed Engine Owner ’s Manual is supplied for
information regarding The U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) and the California Emission
Control Regulation of emission systems, maintenance
and warranty.
Keep this engine Owner ’s Manual with your unit.
Should this engine Owner’s Manual become damaged
or illegible, replace immediately. Replacements may be
ordered through the engine manufacturer.
Contents
Page
Introduction 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Safety 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Safe Operating Practices 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Toro Riding Mower Safety 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sound Pressure Level 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sound Power Level 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vibration Level 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slope Chart 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Safety and Instruction Decals 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Check Before Operating 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Opening the Hood 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Closing the Hood 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Side Panels 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adding Fuel 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Check the Engine Oil Level 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Check for Debris 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Check the Safety Interlock System 12. . . . . . . . . . .
Check the Brake 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Think Safety First 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Controls 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the Parking Brake 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Starting and Stopping the Engine 13. . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating the Power Take Off (PTO) 14. . . . . . . . .
The Safety Interlock System 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gauges and Indicator Lights 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving Forward or Backward 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stopping the Machine 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the Cruise Control 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Raising and Lowering Attachments 18. . . . . . . . . . .
Positioning the Seat 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lights 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Positioning the Tilt Steering Wheel 19. . . . . . . . . . .
Page
Centering the Steering Wheel (Power Steering
Models) 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Smart Turn Steering Feature 19. . . . . . . . . . . .
Pushing the Machine by Hand 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maintenance 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recommended Maintenance Schedule 20. . . . . . . .
Servicing the Air Cleaner 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Servicing the Engine Oil 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changing Spark Plugs 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Greasing the Tractor 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maintaining the Tire Pressure 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Servicing the Brake 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Draining the Fuel Tank 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacing the Fuel Filter 27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Servicing the Front Wheel Toe-In 28. . . . . . . . . . . .
Changing Transaxle Fluid 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cleaning the Power Steering Filter (Power Steering
Models Only) 30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacing Fuses 30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacing Headlights 30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacing Taillights 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Servicing the Battery 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cleaning and Storage 33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wiring Diagram 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Troubleshooting 36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing a Toro product.
All of us at Toro want you to be completely satisfied with
your new product, so feel free to contact your local
Authorized Service Dealer for help with service, genuine
replacement parts, or other information you may require.
Whenever you contact your Authorized Service Dealer or
the factory, always know the model and serial numbers of
your product. These numbers will help the Service Dealer
or Service Representative provide exact information about
your specific product. You will find the model and serial
number plate at the location shown in Figure 1.
1
m–3605
Figure 1
1. Model and serial number plate
2001 by The Toro Company
8111 Lyndale Avenue South
Bloomington, MN 55420-1196
All Rights Reserved
2
Printed in the USA
For your convenience, write the product model and serial
numbers in the space below.
Model No:
Serial No.
Safe Operating Practices
The following instructions are from the CEN standard EN
836:1997.
This product is capable of amputating hands and feet and
throwing objects. Always follow all safety instructions to
avoid serious injury or death.
Read this manual carefully to learn how to operate and
maintain your product correctly. Reading this manual will
help you and others avoid personal injury and damage to
the product. Although we design, produce and market
safe, state-of-the-art products, you are responsible for
using the product properly and safely. You are also
responsible for training persons, who you allow to use the
product, about safe operation.
The warning system in this manual identifies potential
hazards and has special safety messages that help you and
others avoid personal injury, even death. Danger,
Warning, and Caution are signal words used to identify
the level of hazard. However, regardless of the hazard, be
extremely careful.
Danger signals an extreme hazard that will cause serious
injury or death if the recommended precautions are not
followed.
Warning signals a hazard that may cause serious injury or
death if the recommended precautions are not followed.
Caution signals a hazard that may cause minor or
moderate injury if the recommended precautions are not
followed.
Two other words are also used to highlight information.
Important calls attention to special mechanical
information, and Note emphasizes general information
worthy of special attention.
Determine the left and right side of the machine from the
normal operating position.
Training
• Read the instructions carefully. Be familiar with the
controls and the proper use of the equipment.
• Never allow children to use the lawnmower. Never
allow people unfamiliar with these instructions to use
the lawnmower. Local regulations can restrict the age
of the operator.
• Never mow while people, especially children, or pets
are nearby.
• Keep in mind that the operator or user is responsible
for accidents or hazards occurring to other people or
their property.
• Do not carry passengers.
• All operators should seek and obtain professional and
practical instruction. Such instruction should
emphasize:
• the need for care and concentration when working
with ride-on machines;
• control of a ride-on machine sliding on a slope will
not be regained by the application of the brake.
The main reasons for loss of control are:
• insufficient wheel grip;
• being driven too fast;
• inadequate braking;
• the type of machine is unsuitable for its task;
Safety
This machine meets or exceeds the B71.1-1998
specifications of the American National Standards
Institute, in effect at the time of production. However,
improper use or maintenance by the operator or owner
can result in injury. To reduce the potential for injury,
comply with these safety instructions and always pay
attention to the safety alert symbol, which means
CAUTION, WARNING, or DANGER—“personal
safety instruction.” Failure to comply with the
instruction may result in personal injury or death.
• lack of awareness of the effect of ground
conditions, especially slopes;
• incorrect hitching and load distribution.
Preparation
• While mowing, always wear substantial footwear and
long trousers. Do not operate the equipment when
barefoot or wearing open sandals.
• Thoroughly inspect the area where the equipment is to
be used and remove all objects which may be thrown
by the machine.
• WARNING—Fuel is highly flammable.
• Store fuel in containers specifically designed for
this purpose.
3
• Refuel outdoors only and do not smoke while
refuelling.
• Add fuel before starting the engine. Never remove
the cap of the fuel tank or add fuel while the
engine is running or when the engine is hot.
• If fuel is spilled, do not attempt to start the engine
but move the machine away from the area of
spillage and avoid creating any source of ignition
until fuel vapors have dissipated.
• Replace all fuel tanks and container caps securely.
• Replace faulty silencers.
• Before using, always visually inspect to see that the
blades, blade bolts and cutter assembly are not worn or
damaged. Replace worn or damaged blades and bolts
in sets to preserve balance.
• On multi-bladed machines, take care as rotating one
blade can cause other blades to rotate.
Operation
• Do not operate the engine in a confined space where
dangerous carbon monoxide fumes can collect.
• Mow only in daylight or in good artificial light.
• Before attempting to start the engine, disengage all
blade attachment clutches and shift into neutral.
• Do not use on slopes of more than
• 5 when mowing on side hills;
• 10 when mowing uphill;
• 15 when mowing downhill.
• Remember there is no such thing as a “safe” slope.
Travel on grass slopes requires particular care. To
guard against overturning:
• do not stop or start suddenly when going up or
downhill;
• engage clutch slowly, always keep machine in gear,
especially when travelling downhill;
• machine speeds should be kept low on slopes and
during tight turns;
• stay alert for humps and hollows and other hidden
hazards;
• never mow across the face of the slope, unless the
lawnmower is designed for this purpose.
• Use care when pulling loads or using heavy
equipment.
• Use only approved drawbar hitch points.
• Limit loads to those you can safely control.
• Do not turn sharply. Use care when reversing.
• Use counterweight(s) or wheel weights when
suggested in the instruction handbook.
• Watch out for traffic when crossing or near roadways.
• Stop the blades rotating before crossing surfaces other
than grass.
• When using any attachments, never direct discharge of
material toward bystanders nor allow anyone near the
machine while in operation.
• Never operate the machine with damaged guards or
without safety protective devices in place.
• Do not change the engine governor settings or
overspeed the engine. Operating the engine at
excessive speed can increase the hazard of personal
injury.
• Before leaving the operator’s position:
• disengage the power take-off and lower the
attachments;
• change into neutral and set the parking brake;
• stop the engine and remove the key.
• Disengage drive to attachments, stop the engine, and
disconnect the spark plug wire(s) or remove the
ignition key
• before clearing blockages or unclogging chute;
• before checking, cleaning or working on the
lawnmower;
• after striking a foreign object. Inspect the
lawnmower for damage and make repairs before
restarting and operating the equipment;
• if the machine starts to vibrate abnormally (check
immediately).
• Disengage drive to attachments when transporting or
not in use.
• Stop the engine and disengage drive to attachment
• before refuelling;
• before removing the grass catcher;
• before making height adjustment unless adjustment
can be made from the operator’s position.
• Reduce the throttle setting during engine run-out and,
if the engine is provided with a shut-off valve, turn the
fuel off at the conclusion of mowing.
Maintenance and Storage
• Keep all nuts, bolts and screws tight to be sure the
equipment is in safe working condition.
4
• Never store the equipment with fuel in the tank inside
a building where fumes can reach an open flame or
spark.
• Allow the engine to cool before storing in any
enclosure.
• To reduce the fire hazard, keep the engine, silencer,
battery compartment and fuel storage area free of
grass, leaves, or excessive grease.
• Check the grass catcher frequently for wear or
deterioration.
• Replace worn or damaged parts for safety.
• If the fuel tank has to be drained, this should be done
outdoors.
• On multi-bladed machines, take care as rotating one
blade can cause other blades to rotate.
• When machine is to be parked, stored or left
unattended, lower the cutting means unless a positive
mechanical lock is used.
Toro Riding Mower Safety
The following list contains safety information
specific to Toro products or other safety information
that you must know that is not included in the CEN
standard.
• Use only Toro-approved attachments. Warranty may
be voided if used with unapproved attachments.
Warning
• Remove obstacles such as rocks, tree limbs, etc. from
the mowing area. Watch for holes, ruts or bumps, as
uneven terrain could overturn the machine. Tall grass
can hide obstacles.
• Battery acid is poisonous and can cause burns. Avoid
contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Protect your face,
eyes and clothing when working with a battery.
• Battery gases can explode. Keep cigarettes, sparks and
flames away from battery.
• Use only genuine replacement parts to ensure that
original standards are maintained.
• Mow up and down slopes greater than 5°, not across.
• Mow downhill only on slopes above 10°, never mow
uphill. If a steep slope must be ascended, back up the
hill, and drive forward down the hill, keeping the
machine in gear.
• Do not operate machine on hillsides or slopes
exceeding 15°.
• Avoid turning on slopes. If you must turn, turn slowly
and gradually downhill, if possible.
• Do not use a grass catcher on steep slopes. Heavy
grass bags could cause loss of control or overturn the
machine.
Sound Pressure Level
This unit has an equivalent continuous A-weighted sound
pressure at the operator ear of: 90 dB(A), based on
measurements of identical machines per procedures
outlined in Directive 84/538/EEC and amendments.
Engine exhaust contains carbon monoxide, an
odorless, deadly poison that can kill you.
Do not run the engine indoors or in an enclosed
area.
• Stop the engine, disconnect spark plug wire(s) and
remove key before performing any service, repairs,
maintenance or adjustments.
• Slow down before turning. Sharp turns on any terrain
may cause loss of control.
• Never leave a running machine unattended. Always
turn off blades, set parking brake, stop engine, and
remove the ignition and KeyChoice keys before
dismounting.
• Keep hands, feet, hair and loose clothing away from
attachment discharge area, underside of mower and
any moving parts while engine is running.
• Do not touch equipment or attachment parts which
may be hot from operation. Allow to cool before
attempting to maintain, adjust or service.
Sound Power Level
This unit has a sound power level of: 105 Lwa, based on
measurements of identical machines per procedures
outlined in Directive 84/538/EEC and amendments.
Vibration Level
This unit has a maximum hand-arm vibration level of 9.0
m/s2 and whole body vibration level of 0.2 m/s2, based on
measurements of identical machines per EN 1033 and EN
1032.
5
Slope Chart
6
Safety and Instruction Decals
Safety decals and instructions are easily visible to the operator and are located near any
area of potential danger. Replace any decal that is damaged or lost.
Part No. 98-1608
1. Press the traction control
pedal forward to move
forward and rearward to back
up.
2. To set the parking brake,
press the brake pedal and lift
the parking brake lever.
3. To release the parking brake,
press the brake pedal
4. To stop the tractor, press the
brake pedal.
5. Danger—read and
understand the operator’s
manual.
Part No. 98-5015
1. Drive shaft entanglement hazard—stay away from moving parts
6. Tipping hazard—do not go
across slopes greater than 5
degrees, up slopes greater
than 10 degrees, or down
slopes greater than 15
degrees.
7. Cutting/dismemberment
hazard of hands or
feet—stay away from rotating
blades and moving parts.
Part No. 99-2986
1. Crushing a n d
dismemberment
hazard—look back and
down while backing up.
8. Thrown object hazard—keep
bystanders away.
9. Thrown object hazard from
mower—keep the deflector in
place.
10. Crushing/dismemberment
hazard—look back and down
when backing, do not carry
riders, and keep children
away.
2. Do not deactivate the
no-operate-in-reverse
feature when children or
bystanders are present.
3. Keep children away.
7
Part No. 99-5340
1. KeyChoice, turn to mow in reverse
Part No. 93-1265
1. Hot surface hazard—stay away.
1. Contains lead, do not throw
the battery in the garbage
2. Recycle
Part No. 104-4164
3. Wear eye
protection—explosive gases
can cause blindness and
other injuries
4. No sparks, flame, or smoking
5. Sulfuric acid can cause
blindness or severe burns
6. Flush eyes immediately with
water and get medical help
fast.
7. Maximum fill line
8. Minimum fill line
9. Instructions for activating the
battery
8
Part No. 104-4163
1. Explosion hazard
2. No sparks, flame, or
smoking
3. Caustic liquid
hazard—burns to hand
and damage to items
4. Wear eye protection
5. Read the operator’s
manual
6. Keep bystanders away
Check Before
Operating
Each time before operating your tractor, check the
following:
1
m–3314
Figure 2
1. Hood latch
3. Raise the hood to full height.
Caution
Components under the hood will be hot if the
tractor has been running. If you touch hot
components you may be burned.
Allow the tractor to cool before performing
maintenance or touching components under the
hood.
• Fuel level
• Engine oil level
• Debris on the air-intake screens
• Debris in the engine area
• Debris on the rear transaxle cover
• The safety interlock system
• The brake
Some of these steps will require that you open the hood or
remove the side panels on the tractor.
Opening the Hood
1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the
power take off (PTO), set the parking brake, lower the
attachment lift, stop the engine, and remove the
ignition key.
2. Push the hood latch to the left (Fig. 2).
Closing the Hood
The hood catch is located at the left hand corner of the
grill.
1. Press rearward on the hood catch as you begin to lower
the hood.
2. Push the hood down until the latch closes.
1
2
2
Front of tractor
Figure 3
1. Hood catch 2. Hood hinges
M4227
9
Removing the Side Panels
1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the
PTO, set the parking brake, lower the attachment lift,
stop the engine, and remove the ignition key.
2. Raise the hood.
3. Lift up and twist each of the two side panel latches
until they line up with the open slot (Fig. 4).
2
Figure 4
1. Side panel latch 2. Open slot
4. Pull the top of the side panel toward you until the side
panel latches pass through the open slot.
5. Lift the side panel from the tractor.
1
m–3318
Adding Fuel
Use unleaded, regular gasoline suitable for automotive use
(85 pump octane minimum). Leaded regular gasoline may
be used if unleaded regular is not available.
Important Do not use methanol, gasoline containing
methanol, or gasohol containing more than 10% ethanol
because the fuel system could be damaged. Do not mix oil
with gasoline.
Danger
In certain conditions, gasoline is extremely
flammable and highly explosive. A fire or
explosion from gasoline can burn you and others
and can damage property.
• Fill the fuel tank outdoors, in an open area,
when the engine is cold. Wipe up any gasoline
that spills.
• Do not fill the fuel tank completely full. Add
gasoline to the fuel tank until the level is 1/4 to
1/2 in. (6 to 13 mm) below the bottom of the
filler neck. This empty space in the tank allows
gasoline to expand.
• Never smoke when handling gasoline, and stay
away from an open flame or where gasoline
fumes may be ignited by a spark.
• Store gasoline in an approved container and
keep it out of the reach of children. Never buy
more than a 30-day supply of gasoline.
• Always place gasoline containers on the ground
away from your vehicle before filling.
• Do not fill gasoline containers inside a vehicle
or on a truck or trailer bed because interior
carpets or plastic truck bed liners may insulate
the container and slow the loss of any static
charge.
• When practical, remove gas-powered
equipment from the truck or trailer and refuel
the equipment with its wheels on the ground.
• If this is not possible, then refuel such
equipment on a truck or trailer from a portable
container, rather than from a gasoline
dispenser nozzle.
• If a gasoline dispenser nozzle must be used,
keep the nozzle in contact with the rim of the
fuel tank or container opening at all times until
fueling is complete.
Using Stabilizer/Conditioner
Use a fuel stabilizer/conditioner in the machine at all
times to provide the following benefits:
• Keeps gasoline fresh during storage of 90 days or less.
For longer storage, drain the fuel tank.
• Cleans the engine while it runs
• Eliminates gum-like varnish buildup in the fuel
system, which causes hard starting
Important Do not use fuel additives containing
methanol or ethanol.
Add the correct amount of fuel stabilizer/conditioner to
the gasoline, as directed by the manufacturer.
10
Note: A fuel stabilizer/conditioner is most effective when
mixed with fresh gasoline.
Filling the Fuel Tank
1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the
PTO, set the parking brake, lower the attachment lift,
stop the engine, and remove the ignition key.
Note: When filling the tank, make sure that the machine
is on a level surface so that adequate air space is allowed.
2. Clean around the fuel tank cap and remove the cap.
3. Add fuel until the fuel level is 1/4 to 1/2 in. (6 mm to
13 mm) below the bottom of the filler neck.
This space in the tank allows for expansion of the fuel.
Do not fill the fuel tank completely.
4. Install the fuel tank cap securely.
5. Wipe up any gasoline that may have spilled.
Check the Engine Oil Level
1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the
PTO, set the parking brake, lower the attachment lift,
stop the engine, and remove the ignition key.
2. Open the hood.
3. Clean around the oil dipstick (Fig. 5) so dirt cannot
fall into the dipstick tube and damage the engine.
1
2
1
m–3219
Figure 6
1. Metal e n d
5. Slide the oil dipstick fully into the dipstick tube
(Fig. 5).
6. Pull the dipstick out and look at the metal end (Fig. 6).
If the oil level is low (near the L mark), add oil; refer
to Engine Oil, page 22.
Important Do not overfill the crankcase with oil
because this may result in engine damage.
Check for Debris
Important Operating the engine with a blocked grass
screen, dirty or plugged cooling fins, and/or cooling
shrouds removed, will result in engine damage from
overheating.
1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the
PTO, set the parking brake, lower the attachment lift,
stop the engine, and remove the ignition key.
m–3246
Figure 5
1. Dipstick 2. Oil filler
4. Pull out the oil dipstick and wipe the metal end clean
(Fig. 6).
2. Check for debris on the air-intake screens (Fig. 7).
1
m–3412
Figure 7
Arrows show air intake and exhaust path
1. Air intake screens (1 of 3
shown)
11
3. Wipe away debris before each use and/or during use, if
required.
4. Wipe away any accumulated debris from the rotating
air-intake screen (Fig. 8).
Danger
The rotating air-intake screen and drive shaft can
catch fingers, hands, and loose clothing, causing
amputation or other severe injury when moving.
• Do not operate the tractor without the side
panels and hood in place.
• Keep fingers, hands and clothing clear of the
rotating air-intake screen and drive shaft.
• Stop the engine and remove the ignition key
before performing maintenance.
6. Clean debris from the rear transaxle cover (Fig. 10).
Note: The rear transaxle cover is an air-intake area for
cooling the transaxle.
1
m–3436
Figure 10
1. Rear transaxle cover
Check the Safety Interlock
System
Always check the interlock system before operating the
tractor. Instructions for checking the interlock system are
found in the Operation section, page 14.
1
Figure 8
1. Rotating air intake screen
5. Clean any debris build-up from the engine area with a
brush or blower.
Important If possible, blow dirt out (Fig. 9), rather
than washing it out. If water is used, keep it away from
electrical items.
Figure 9
m–3617
m–3615
Check the Brake
Refer to Checking and Adjusting the Brake, page 26.
Operation
Think Safety First
Please carefully read all the safety instructions on
pages 3 through 7. Knowing this information could help
you, your family, pets, or bystanders avoid injury.
Controls
Become familiar with all the controls (Fig. 11) before you
start the engine and operate the machine.
Important Do not clean the machine using pressurized
water. High-pressure washing can damage the electrical
system or deplete grease.
12
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