Typical Jitter)
– 0.5 W Typical Power Consumption
– High Channel-to-Channel Isolation and
Excellent PSRR
– Device Performance Customizable Through
Flexible 1.8 V, 2.5 V and 3.3 V Power
Supplies, Allowing Mixed Output Voltages
•Flexible Frequency Planning:
– 4x Integer Down-divided Differential Clock
Outputs Supporting LVPECL-like, CML, or
LVDS-like Signaling
– 4x Fractional or Integer Divided Differential
Clock Outputs Supporting HCSL, LVDS-like
Signaling, or Eight CMOS Outputs
– Fractional Output Divider Achieve 0 ppm to < 1
ppm Frequency Error and Eliminates need for
Crystal Oscillators and Other Clock Generators
– Output frequencies up to 800 MHz
•Two Differential Inputs, XTAL Support, Ability for
Smart Switching
•SPI, I2C™, and Pin Programmable
•Professional user GUI for Quick Design
Turnaround
•7 x 7 mm 48-QFN package (RGZ)
•-40 °C to 85 °C temperature range
•Base Band Clocking (Wireless Infrastructure)
•Networking and Data Communications
•Keystone C66x Multicore DSP Clocking
•Storage Server, Portable Test Equipment,
•Medical Imaging, High End A/V
3Description
The CDCM6208V1F is a highly versatile, low jitter,
low-power frequency synthesizer that can generate
eight low jitter clock outputs, selectable between
LVPECL-like high-swing CML, normal-swing CML,
LVDS-like low-power CML, HCSL, or LVCMOS, from
one of two inputs that can feature a low frequency
crystal or CML, LVPECL, LVDS, or LVCMOS signals
for a variety of wireless infrastructure baseband,
wireline data communication, computing, low power
medical imaging and portable test and measurement
applications. The CDCM6208V1F also features an
innovative fractional divider architecture for four of its
outputs that can generate any frequency with better
than 1ppm frequency accuracy. The CDCM6208V1F
can be easilyconfigured through I2C or SPI
programming interface and in the absence of serial
interface, pin mode is also available that can set the
devicein1of32distinctpre-programmed
configurations using control pins.
Device Information
PART NUMBERPACKAGEBODY SIZE (NOM)
CDCM6208V1FVQFN (48)7.00 mm × 7.00 mm
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the datasheet.
CDCM6208V1F
SCAS943 –MAY 2015
(1)
4Simplified Schematics
1
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
In synthesizer mode, the overall output jitter performance is less than 0.5 ps-rms (10 k - 20 MHz) or 20 ps-pp
(unbound) on output using integer dividers and is between 50 to 220 ps-pp (10 k - 40 MHz) on outputs using
fractional dividers depending on the prescaler output frequency.
In jitter cleaner mode, the overall output jitter is less than 2.1 ps-rms (10 k - 20 MHz) or 40 ps-pp on output
using integer dividers and is less than 70 ps to 240 ps-pp on outputs using fractional dividers. The
CDCM6208V1F is packaged in a small 48-pin 7 mm x 7 mm QFN package.
PWRAnalogSupply pin for outputs 0, 1 to set between 1.8 V, 2.5 V or 3.3 V
PWRAnalogSupply pin for outputs 2, 3 to set between 1.8 V, 2.5 V or 3.3 V
Output
Input
LVCMOSSTATUS1: Status pin in SPI/I2C modes. For details see Table 6 for pin modes and
no pull resistorTable 7 for status mode. PIN0: Control pin 0 in pin mode.
LVCMOSw
50kΩ pull-up
LVCMOSw
50kΩ pull-down
LVCMOS in
Open drain outSDI: SPI Serial Data Input SDA: I2C Serial Data (Read/Write bi-directional), open
LVCMOS indrain output; requires a pull-up resistor in I2C mode;PIN1: Control pin 1 in pin mode
no pull resistor
Manual Reference Selection MUX for PLL. In SPI or I2C mode the reference
Table 36 for detail.
Analog power supply for PLL/VCO; This pin is sensitive to power supply noise; The
analog and sensitive supplies;
Analog Power Supply Connections; This pin is sensitive to power supply noise; The
power-sensitive, analog supply pins
Digital Power Supply Connections; This is also the reference supply voltage for all
control inputs and must match the expected input signal swing of control inputs.
Serial Interface Mode or Pin mode selection.SI_MODE[1:0]=00: SPI
programming);SI_MODE[1:0]=11: RESERVED
SCL/PIN45InputSCL: SPI/I2C ClockPIN4: Control pin 4 in pin mode
RESETN/PWR44Inputup).
REG_CAP40OutputAnalog
PDN43Inputthe entire device and defaults all registers. It is recommended to connect a capacitor
SYNCN42Input
(2) Note: the device cannot be programmed in I2C while RESETN is held low.
I/OTYPEDESCRIPTION
LVCMOS out
Output/ILVCMOS inSDO: SPI Serial Data AD0: I2C Address Offset Bit 0 inputPIN2: Control pin 2 in pin
nputLVCMOS inmode
no pull resistor
LVCMOS no pull SCS: SPI Latch EnableAD1: I2C Address Offset Bit 1 inputPIN3: Control pin 3 in pin
resistormode
LVCMOS no pull
resistor
In SPI/I2C programming mode, external RESETN signal (active low).
RESETN = VIL: device in reset (registers values are retained)
RESETN = VIH: device active. The device can be programmed via SPI while
LVCMOS
w/ 50kΩ pull-up
RESETN is held low (this is useful to avoid any false output frequencies at power
(2)
In Pin mode this pin controls device core and I/O supply voltage setting. 0 = 1.8 V, 1
= 2.5/3.3 V for the device core and I/O power supply voltage. In pin mode, it is not
possible to mix and match the supplies. All supplies should either be 1.8 V or 2.5/3.3
V.
Regulator Capacitor; connect a 10 µF cap with ESR below 1 Ω to GND at
frequencies above 100 kHz
Power Down Active low. When PDN = VIHis normal operation. When PDN = VIL, the
LVCMOS
w/ 50kΩ pull-up
device is disabled and current consumption minimized. Exiting power down resets
to GND to hold the device in power-down until the digital and PLL related power
supplies are stable. See section on power down in the application section.
LVCMOSActive low. Device outputs are synchronized on a low-to-high transition on the
w/ 50kΩ pull-upSYNCN pin. SYNCN held low disables all outputs.
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETERMINMAXUNIT
Supply Voltage Range, VDD_PRI, VDD_SEC, VDD_Yx_Yy, VDD_PLL[2:1], DVDD-0.54.6V
4.6
Input Voltage Range CMOS control inputs, V
IN
-0.5andV
V
+ 0.5
DVDD
4.6
Input Voltage Range PRI/SEC inputsandV
Output Voltage Range, V
Input Current, I
IN
Output Current, I
Junction Temperature, T
OUT
OUT
J
Storage temperature range, T
V
VDDPRI.SEC
-0.5V
stg
-65150°C
+ 0.5
+ 0.5V
YxYy
20mA
50mA
125°C
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating
conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute—maximum—rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
8.2 ESD Ratings
VALUEUNIT
Human body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001, all pins
V
(ESD)
Electrostatic dischargeV
Charged device model (CDM), per JEDEC specification JESD22-C101, all
(2)
pins
(1) JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
(2) JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
VDD_PLL2
DVDDCore Digital Supply Voltage1.711.8/2.5/3.33.465V
VDD_PRI,
VDD_SEC
ΔVDD/Δt50 < t
T
A
SDA and SCL in I2C MODE (SI_MODE[1:0] = 01)
V
I
d
R
V
IH
V
IL
C
BUS_I2C
(1) For fast power up ramps under 50 ms and when all supply pins are driven from the same power supply source, PDN can be left floating.
For slower power up ramps or if supply pins are sequenced with uncertain time delays, PDN needs to be held low until DVDD,
VDD_PLLx, and VDD_PRI/SEC reach at least 1.45V supply voltage. See application section on mixing power supplies and particularly
Figure 58 for details.
Core Analog Supply Voltage1.711.8/2.5/3.33.465V
Reference Input Supply Voltage1.711.8/2.5/3.33.465V
VDD power-up ramp time (0 to 3.3 V) PDN left open, all VDD tight
together PDN low-high is delayed
(1)
PDN
ms
Ambient Temperature-4085°C
Input Voltage
Data Ratekbps
High-level input voltageV
DVDD = 1.8 V–0.52.45V
DVDD = 3.3 V–0.53.965V
100
400
0.7 x
DVDD
Low-level input voltage0.3 x DVDDV
Total capacitive load for each bus line400pF
(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.
(2) The package thermal resistance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51 and JEDEC2S2P (high-k board).
(3) Connected to GND with 36 thermal vias (0.3 mm diameter).
(4) θJB(junction to board) is used for the QFN package, the main heat flow is from the junction to the GND pad of the QFN.
(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.
(2) The package thermal resistance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51 and JEDEC2S2P (high-k board).
(3) Connected to GND with 36 thermal vias (0.3 mm diameter).
(4) θJB(junction to board) is used for the QFN package, the main heat flow is from the junction to the GND pad of the QFN.
(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.
(2) The package thermal resistance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51 and JEDEC2S2P (high-k board).
(3) Connected to GND with 36 thermal vias (0.3 mm diameter).
(4) θJB(junction to board) is used for the QFN package, the main heat flow is from the junction to the GND pad of the QFN.
(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.
(2) The package thermal resistance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51 and JEDEC2S2P (high-k board).
(3) Connected to GND with 36 thermal vias (0.3 mm diameter).
(4) θJB(junction to board) is used for the QFN package, the main heat flow is from the junction to the GND pad of the QFN.
VDD_SEC = 1.71 to 1.89 V, 2.375 V to 2.625 V, 3.135 V to 3.465 V,TA= –40°C to 85°C
PARAMETERMINTYPMAXUNIT
MODE OF OSCILLATIONFUNDAMENTAL
Frequency
See note
See note
10 MHz150
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR)25 MHz70
50 MHz30
1.8 V / 3.3 V SEC_REFP3.54.55.5
On-chip load capacitance1.8 V SEC_REFN5.57.258.5pF
3.3 V SEC_REFN6.57.348.5
Drive LevelSee note
(1) Verified with crystals specified for a load capacitance of CL=8pF, the pcb related capacitive load was estimated to be 2.3pF, and
completed with a load capacitors of 4pF on each crystal terminal connected to GND. XTALs tested: NX3225GA 10MHz EXS00ACG02813 CRG, NX3225GA 19.44MHz EXS00A-CG02810 CRG, NX3225GA 25MHz EXS00A-CG02811 CRG, and NX3225GA
30.72MHz EXS00A-CG02812 CRG.
(2) For 30.73 MHz to 50 MHz, it is recommended to verify sufficient negative resistance and initial frequency accuracy with the crystal
vendor. The 50 MHz use case was verified with a NX3225GA 50MHz EXS00A-CG02814 CRG. To meet a minimum frequency error, the
best choice of the XTAL was one with CL= 7pF instead of CL= 8pF.
(3) With NX3225GA_10M the measured remaining negative resistance on the EVM is 6430 Ω (43 x margin)
(4) With NX3225GA_25M the measured remaining negative resistance on the EVM is 1740 Ω (25 x margin)
(5) With NX3225GA_50M the measured remaining negative resistance on the EVM is 350 Ω (11 x margin)
(6) Maximum drive level measured was 145 µW; XTAL should at least tolerate 200 µW
Total Device, CDCM6208V1FPower Down (PDN = '0')0.35
-12
)
)
) x 10
3
Helpful Note: The CDCM6208V1F User GUI does an excellent job estimating the total device current
consumption based on the actual device configuration. Therefore, it is recommended to use the GUI to estimate
device power consumption.
The individual supply terminal current consumption for Pin mode P23 was measured to come out the following:
Table 1. Individual Supplies Measured
Y0-1Y2-3Y4Y5Y6Y7PRIPLL1PLL2VCODVDDTOTAL
PWR PIN 39 = GND
V
= 1.8 V61 mA 40 mA 21 mA 29 mA 30 mA 31 mA12 mA70 mA1.5 mA 295.5 mA
VDD_Yx_Yy, VDD_PRI, VDD_SEC, VDD_PLLx, DVDD, VDD_VCO = 3.45 V, TA= T-40°C to 85°C, Output Types = maximum
swing, all blocks including duty cycle correction and fractional divider enabled and operating at maximum operation
BLOCKCONDITIONCURRENT CONSUMPTION
TYP / MAX
All conditions over PVT, AC coupled outputs with all outputs
terminated, device configuration:
Device Settings (V2)
1. PRI input enabled, set to LVDS mode
2. SEC input XTAL
3. Input bypass off, PRI only sent to PLL
4. Reference clock 30.72 MHz
5. PRI input divider set to 1
6. Reference input divider set to 1
Total Device, CDCM6208V1F
7. Charge Pump Current = 2.5 mA
8. VCO Frequency = 3.072 GHz3.3 V: 318 mA / +21% (excl term)
9. PS_A = PS_B divider ration = 4
10. Feedback divider ratio = 25
11. Output divider ratio = 5
12. Fractional divider pre-divider = 2
13. Fractional divider core input frequency = 384 MHz
14. Fractional divider value = 3.84, 5.76, 3.072, 7.68
SCL Clock Frequency01000400kHz
START Setup Time (SCL high before SDA low)4.70.6μs
START Hold Time (SCL low after SDA low)4.00.6μs
SCL Low-pulse duration4.71.3μs
SCL High-pulse duration4.00.6μs
SDA Hold Time (SDA valid after SCL low)0
(2)
3.4500.9μs
SDA Setup Time250100ns
SCL / SDA input rise time1000300ns
SCL / SDA input fall time300300ns
SDA Output fall time from VIHmin to VILmax with a bus250250ns
capacitance from 10 pF to 400 pF
STOP Setup Time4.00.6μs
Bus free time between a STOP and START condition4.71.3μs
Pulse width of spikes suppressed by the input glitch filter7530075300ns
(1) For additional information, refer to the I2C-Bus specification, Version 2.1 (January 2000); the CDCM6208V1F meets the switching
characteristics for standard mode and fast mode transfer.
(2) The I2C master must internally provide a hold time of at least 300 ns for the SDA signal to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge
The fractional output divider jitter performance is a function of the fraction output divider input frequency as well
as actual fractional divide setting itself. To minimize the fractional output jitter, it is recommended to use the least
number of fractional bits and the highest input frequency possible into the divider. As observable in Figure 4, the
largest jitter contribution occurs when only one fractional divider bit is selected, and especially when the bits in
the middle range of the fractional divider are selected. Tested using a LeCroy 40 Gbps RealTime scope over a
time window of 200 ms. The RJimpact on TJis estimated for a BERT 10
(–12)
– 1. This measurement result is
overly pessimistic, as it does not bandwidth limit the high-frequencies. In a real system, the SERDES TX will BW
limit the jitter through its PLL roll-off above the TX PLL bandwidth of typically bit rate divided by 10.
8.24.2 Power Supply Ripple Rejection (PSRR) versus Ripple Frequency
See Figure 8 for reference.
Many system designs become increasingly more sensitive to power supply noise rejection. In order to simplify
design and cost, the CDCM6208V1F has built in internal voltage regulation, improving the power supply noise
rejection over designs with no regulators. As a result, the following output rejection is achieved:
The DJ due to PSRR can be estimated using Equation 1:
(1)
Example: Therefore, if 100 mV noise with a frequency of 10 kHz were observed at the output supply, the
according output jitter for a 122.88 MHz output signal with LVDS signaling could be estimated with DJ = 0.7ps.
Supply Voltage: The CDCM6208V1F supply is internally regulated. Therefore each core and I/O supply can be
mixed and matched in any order according to the application needs. The device jitter performance is independent
of supply voltage.
Frequency Range: The PLL includes dual reference inputs with input multiplexer, charge pump, loop filter, and
VCO that operates from 2.39 GHz to 2.55 GHz.
Reference inputs: The primary and secondary reference inputs support differential and single ended signals from
8 kHz to 250 MHz. The secondary reference input also supports crystals from 10 MHz to 50 MHz. There is a 4bit reference divider available on the primary reference input. The input mux between the two references
supports simply switching or can be configured as Smart MUX and supports glitchless input switching.
Divider and Prescaler: In addition to the 4-bit input divider of the primary reference a 14-b input divider at the
output of input MUX and a cascaded 8-b and 10-b continuous feedback dividers are available. Two independent
prescaler dividers offer divide by /4, /5 and /6 options of the VCO frequency of which any combination can then
be chosen for a bank of 4 outputs (2 with fractional dividers and 2 that share an integer divider) through an
output MUX. A total of 2 output MUXes are available.
Phase Frequency Detector and Charge Pump: The PFD input frequency can range from 8 kHz to 100 MHz. The
charge pump gain is programmable and the loop filter consists of internal + partially external passive
components and supports bandwidths from a few Hz up to 400kHz.
Outputs [Y0:Y3] are driven by 8-b continuous integer dividers per pair. Outputs [Y4:Y7] are each driven by 20-b
fractional dividers that can achieve any frequency with better than 1ppm frequency accuracy. The output skew is
typically less than 40 ps for differential outputs. The LVCMOS outputs support adjustable slew rate control to
control EMI. Pairs of 2 outputs can be operated at 1.8 V, 2.5 V or 3.3 V power supply voltage.
Device Configuration:32 distinct pin modes are available that cover many common use cases without the need
for any serial programming of the device. For maximum flexibility the device also supports SPI and I2C
programming. I2C offers 4 distinct addresses to support up to 4 devices on the same programming lines.
Figure 27. Typical Use Case: CDCM6208V1F Example in Wireless Infrastructure Baseband Application
10.4 Device Functional Modes
10.4.1 Control Pins Definition
In the absence of a host interface, the CDCM6208V1F can be powered up in one of 32 pre-configured settings
when the pins are SI_MODE[1:0] = 10. The CDCM6208V1F has 5 control pins identified to achieve commonly
used networking frequencies, and change output types. The Smart Input MUX for the PLL is set in most
configurations to manual mode in pin mode. Based on the control pins settings for the on-chip PLL, the device
generates the appropriate frequencies and appropriate output signaling types at start-up. In the case of the PLL
loop filter, "JC" denotes PLL bandwidths of ≤ 1 kHz and "Synth" denotes PLL bandwidths of ≥ 100 kHz.
(1) The functionality of the status 0 and status 1 pins in SPI and I2C mode is programmable.
(2) The REF_SEL input pin selects the primary or secondary input in MANUAL mode. That is: If the system only uses a XTAL on the secondary input, REF_SEL should be tied to VDD. The
primary and secondary input stage power supply must be always connected.
For all pin modes, STATUS0 outputs the PLL_LOCK signal and STATUS1 the LOSS OF REFERENCE.
General Note: in all pin mode, all voltage supplies must either be 1.8 V or 2.5/3.3 V and the PWR pin number 44 must be set to 0 or 1 accordingly. In SPI and I2C mode, the supply
voltages can be "mixed and matched" as long as the corresponding register bits reflect the supply voltage setting for each desired 1.8 V or 2.5/3.3 V supply. Exception: inputs configured
for LVDS signaling (Type = LVDS) are supply agnostic, and therefore can be powered from 2.5 V/3.3 V or 1.8 V regardless of the supply select setting of pin number 44.
The following two tables provide the internal charge pump and R3/C3 settings for pin modes. The designer can
either design their own optimized loop filter, or use the suggested loop filter in the Table 6.
Table 6. CDCM6208V1F Loop Filter Recommendation for Pin Mode
The device vitals such as input signal quality, smart mux input selection, and PLL lock can be monitored by
reading device registers or at the status pins STATUS1, and STATUS0. Register 3[12:7] allows for customization
of which vitals are mapped to these two pins. Table 7 lists the three events that can be mapped to each status
pin and which can also be read in the register space.
Table 7. CDCM6208V1F Status Pin Definition List
STATUSREGISTER BIT
SIGNAL NAMENO.
SEL_REFLVCMOSSTATUS0, 1Reg 3.12Indicates Reference Selected for PLL:
LOS_REFLVCMOSSTATUS0, 1Reg 3.11Loss of selected reference input observed at active input:
PLL_UNLOCKLVCMOSSTATUS0, 1Reg 3.10Indicates unlock status for PLL (digital):
(1) The reverse logic between the register Q21.2 and the external output signal on STATUS0 or STATUS1.
SIGNAL TYPE SIGNAL NAMEDESCRIPTION
Reg 3.90 → Primary input selected to drive PLL
1 → Secondary input selected to drive PLL
Reg 3.80 → Reference input present
1 → Loss of reference input
Important Note 1: For LOS_REF to operate properly, the secondary
input SEC_IN must be enabled. Set register Q4.5=1. If register
Q4.5 is set to zero, LOS_REF will output a static high signal
regardless of the actual input signal status on PRI_IN.
Reg 3.7PLL locked → Q21.02 = 0 and V
PLL unlocked → Q21.2 = 1 and V
Note 2: I f the smartmux is enabled and both reference clocks stall,
STATUS0/1
STATUS0/1
the STATUSx output signal will 98% of the time indicate the LOS
condition with a static high signal. However, in 2% of the cases, the
LOS detection engine erroneously stalls at a state where the
STATUSx output PLL lock indicator will signalize high for 511 out of
every 512 PFD clock cycles.
It is recommended to assert only one out of the three register bits for each of the status
pins. For example, to monitor the PLL lock status on STATUS0 and the selected reference
clock sources on STATUS1 output, the device register settings would be Q3.12 = Q3.7 =
1 and Q3.11 = Q3.10 = Q3.9 = Q3.8 = 0. If a status pin is unused, it is recommended to
set the according 3 register bits to zero (e.g. Q3[12:9] = 0 for STATUS0 = 0). If more than
one bit is enabled for each STATUS signal, the function becomes OR'ed. For example, if
Q3.11 = Q3.10 = 1 and Q3.12 = 0, the STATUS0 output would be high either if the device
goes out of lock or the selected reference clock signal is lost.
10.4.4 PLL Lock Detect
The PLL lock detection circuit is a digital detection circuit which detects any frequency error, even a single cycle
slip. The PLL unlock is signalized when a certain number of cycle slips have been exceeded, at which point the
counter is reset. A frequency error of 2% will cause PLL unlock to stay low. A 0.5% frequency error shows up as
toggling the PLL lock output with roughly 50% duty cycle at roughly 1/1000thof the PFD update frequency to the
device. A frequency error of 1ppm would show up as rare toggling low for a duration of approximately 1000 PFD
update clock cycles. If the system plans using PLL lock to toggle a system reset, then consider adding an RC
filter on the PLL LOCK output (Status 1 or Status 0) to avoid rare cycle slips from triggering an entire system
reset.
10.4.5 Interface and Control
The host (DSP, Microcontroller, FPGA, etc) configures and monitors the CDCM6208V1F via the SPI or I2C port.
The host reads and writes to a collection of control/status bits called the register file. Typically, a hardware block
is controlled and monitored via a specific grouping of bits located within the register file. The host controls and
monitors certain device-wide critical parameters directly, via control/status pins. In the absence of a host, the
CDCM6208V1F can be configured to operate in pin mode where the control pins [PIN0-PIN4] can be set
appropriately to generate the necessary clock outputs out of the device.
Figure 28. CDCM6208V1F Interface and Control Block
Within this register space, there are certain bits that have read/write access. Other bits are read-only (an attempt
to write to a read only bit will not change the state of the bit).
Figure 29 shows the method this document employs to refer to an individual register bit or a grouping of register
bits. If a drawing or text references an individual bit, the format is to specify the register number first and the bit
number second. The CDCM6208V1F contains 21 registers that are 16 bits wide. The register addresses and the
bit positions both begin with the number zero (0). A period separates the register address and bit address. The
first bit in the register file is address 'R0.0' meaning that it is located in Register 0 and is bit position 0. The last
bit in the register file is address R31.15 referring to the 16thbit of register address 31 (the 32ndregister in the
device
To enable the SPI port, tie the communication select pins SI_MODE[1:0] to ground. SPI is a master/slave
protocol in which the host system is always the master; therefore, the host always initiates communication
to/from the device. The SPI interface consists of four signal pins. The device SPI address is 0000.
Table 8. Serial Port Signals in SPI Mode
PIN
NAMENUMBER
SDI/SDA/PIN12InputSDI: SPI Serial Data Input
SDO/AD0/PIN23OutputSDO: SPI Serial Data
SCS/AD1/PIN34InputSCS: SPI Latch Enable
SCL/PIN45InputSCL: SPI/I2C Clock
I/ODESCRIPTION
The host must present data to the device MSB first. A message includes a transfer direction bit, an address field,
and a data field as depicted in Figure 30
Figure 30. CDCM6208V1F SPI Message Format
10.4.5.2.1 Configuring the PLL
The CDCM6208V1F allows configuring the PLL to accommodate various input and output frequencies either
through an I2C or SPI programming interface or in the absence of programming, the PLL can be configured
through control pins. The PLL can be configured by setting the Smart Input MUX, Reference Divider, PLL Loop
Filter, Feedback Divider, Prescaler Divider, and Output Dividers.
For the PLL to operate in closed loop mode, the following condition in Equation 2 has to be met when using
primary input for the reference clock, and the condition in Equation 3 has to be met when using secondary input
for the reference clock.
(2)
(3)
In Equation 2 and Equation 3, ƒ
PRI_REF
is the reference input frequency on the primary input and ƒ
SEC_REF
is the
reference input frequency on the secondary input, R is the reference divider, M is the input divider, N is the
feedback divider, and PS_A the prescaler divider A.
The output frequency, ƒ
, is a function of ƒ
OUT
, the prescaler A, and the output divider (O), and is given by
VCO
Equation 4. (Use PS_B in for outputs 2, 3, 6, and 7).
When the output frequency plan calls for the use of some output dividers as fractional values, the following steps
are needed to calculate the closest achievable frequencies for those using fractional output dividers and the
frequency errors (difference between the desired frequency and the closest achievable frequency).
•Based on system needs, decide the frequencies that need to have best possible jitter performance.
•Once decided, these frequencies need to be placed on integer output dividers.
•Then a frequency plan for these frequencies with strict jitter requirements can be worked out using the
common divisor algorithm.
•Once the integer divider plans are worked out, the PLL settings (including VCO frequency, feedback divider,
input divider and prescaler divider) can be worked out to map the input frequency to the frequency out of the
prescaler divider.
•Then calculate the fractional divider values (whose values must be greater than 2) that are needed to support
the output frequencies that are not part of the common frequency plan from the common divisor algorithm
already worked out.
•For each fractional divider value, try to represent the fractional portion in a 20 bit binary scheme, where the
first fractional bit is represented as 0.5, the second fractional bit is represented as 0.25, third fractional bit is
represented as 0.125 and so on. Continue this process until the entire 20 bit fractional binary word is
exhausted.
•Once exhausted, the fraction can be calculated as a cumulative sum of the fractional bit x fractional value of
the fractional bit. Once this is done, the closest achievable output frequency can be calculated with the
mathematical function of the frequency out of the prescaler divider divided by the achievable fractional
divider.
•The frequency error can then be calculated as the difference between the desired frequency and the closest
achievable frequency.
10.5 Programming
10.5.1 Writing to the CDCM6208V1F
To initiate a SPI data transfer, the host asserts the SCS (serial chip select) pin low. The first rising edge of the
clock signal (SCL) transfers the bit presented on the SDI pin of the CDCM6208V1F. This bit signals if a read
(first bit high) or a write (first bit low) will transpire. The SPI port shifts data to the CDCM6208V1F with each
rising edge of SCL. Following the W/R bit are 4 fixed bits followed by 11 bits that specify the address of the
target register in the register file. The 16 bits that follow are the data payload. If the host sends an incomplete
message, (i.e. the host de-asserts the SCS pin high prior to a complete message transmission), then the
CDCM6208V1F aborts the transfer, and device makes no changes to the register file or the hardware. Figure 32
shows the format of a write transaction on the CDCM6208V1F SPI port. The host signals the CDCM6208V1F of
the completed transfer and disables the SPI port by de-asserting the SCS pin high.
As with the write operation, the host first initiates a SPI transfer by asserting the SCS pin low. The host signals a
read operation by shifting a logical high in the first bit position, signaling the CDCM6208V1F that the host is
imitating a read data transfer from the device. During the portion of the message in which the host specifies the
CDCM6208V1F register address, the host presents this information on the SDI pin of the device (for the first 15
clock cycles after the W/R bit). During the 16 clock cycles that follow, the CDCM6208V1F presents the data from
the register specified in the first half of the message on the SDO pin. The SDO output is 3-stated anytime SCS is
high, so that multiple SPI slave devices can be connected to the same serial bus. The host signals the
CDCM6208V1F that the transfer is complete by de-asserting the SCS pin high.
Figure 31.
10.5.3 Block Write/Read Operation
The device supports a block write and block read operation. The host need only specify the lowest address of the
sequence of addresses that the host needs to access. The CDCM6208V1F will automatically increment the
internal register address pointer if the SCS pin remains low after the SPI port finishes the initial 32-bit
transmission sequence. Each transmission of 16 bits (a data payload width) results in the device automatically
incrementing the address pointer (provided the SCS pin remains active low for all sequences).
Figure 32. CDCM6208V1F SPI Port Message Sequencing
10.5.4 I2C Serial Interface
With SI_MODE1=0 and SI_MODE0=1 the CDCM6208V1F enters I2C mode. The I2C port on the CDCM6208V1F
works as a slave device and supports both the 100 kHz standard mode and 400 kHz fast mode operations. Fast
mode imposes a glitch tolerance requirement on the control signals. Therefore, the input receivers ignore pulses
of less than 50 ns duration. The inputs of the device also incorporates a Schmitt trigger at the SDA and SCL
inputs to provide receiver input hysteresis for increased noise robustness.
NOTE
Communication through I2C is not possible while RESETN is held low.
In an I2C bus system, the CDCM6208V1F acts as a slave device and is connected to the serial bus (data bus
SDA and clock bus SCL). The SDA port is bidirectional and uses an open drain driver to permit multiple devices
to be connected to the same serial bus. The CDCM6208V1F allows up to four unique CDCM6208V1F slave
devices to occupy the I2C bus in addition to any other I2C slave device with a different I2C address. These slave
devices are accessed via a 7-bit slave address transmitted as part of an I2C packet. Only the device with a
matching slave address responds to subsequent I2C commands. The device slave address is 10101xx (the two
LSBs are determined by the AD1 and AD0 pins). The five MSBs are hard-wired, while the two LSBs are set
through pins on device powerup.
During the data transfer through the I2C port interface, one clock pulse is generated for each data bit transferred.
The data on the SDA line must be stable during the high period of the clock. The high or low state of the data
line can change only when the clock signal on the SCL line is low. The start data transfer condition is
characterized by a high-to-low transition on the SDA line while SCL is high. The stop data transfer condition is
characterized by a low-to-high transition on the SDA line while SCL is high. The start and stop conditions are
always initiated by the master. Every byte on the SDA line must be eight bits long. Each byte must be followed
by an acknowledge bit and bytes are sent MSB first.
The acknowledge bit (A) or non-acknowledge bit (A) is the 9thbit attached to any 8-bit data byte and is always
generated by the receiver to inform the transmitter that the byte has been received (when A = 0) or not (when A
= 1). A = 0 is done by pulling the SDA line low during the 9thclock pulse and A = 1 is done by leaving the SDA
line high during the 9thclock pulse.
The I2C master initiates the data transfer by asserting a start condition which initiates a response from all slave
devices connected to the serial bus. Based on the 8-bit address byte sent by the master over the SDA line
(consisting of the 7-bit slave address (MSB first) and an R/W bit), the device whose address corresponds to the
transmitted address responds by sending an acknowledge bit. All other devices on the bus remain idle while the
selected device waits for data transfer with the master. The CDCM6208V1F slave address bytes are given in
below table.
After the data transfer has occurred, stop conditions are established. In write mode, the master asserts a stop
condition to end data transfer during the 10thclock pulse following the acknowledge bit for the last data byte from
the slave. In read mode, the master receives the last data byte from the slave but does not pull SDA low during
the 9thclock pulse. This is known as a non-acknowledge bit. By receiving the non-acknowledge bit, the slave
knows the data transfer is finished and enters the idle mode. The master then takes the data line low during the
low period before the 10thclock pulse, and high during the 10thclock pulse to assert a stop condition.
In SPI/I2C mode the device can be configured through twenty registers. Register 4 configures the input, Reg 0-3
the PLL and dividers, and Register 5 - 20 configures the 8 different outputs.
Note: in Auto select mode, both input buffers must be enabled. Set
R4.5 = 1 and R4.2 = 1
Smart MUX Selection for PLL Reference:
0 → Primary
This bit is ignored when smartmux is set to auto select (e.g. R4.13 =
0). See Table 7 for details.
CDCM6208V1F
www.ti.com
SCAS943 –MAY 2015
Table 15. Register 4 (continued)
BITBIT NAMERELATED BLOCKDESCRIPTION/FUNCTION
11:8CLK_PRI_DIV[3:0]Primary Input Divider0000 → Divide by 1
7:6SEC_SELBUF[1:0]01 → LVDS
Secondary Input
5EN_SEC_CLK0 → Disable
4:3PRI_SELBUF[1:0]01→ LVDS
Primary Input
2EN_PRI_CLK0 → Disable
1SEC_SUPPLY
0PRI_SUPPLY
(1)
(2)
Secondary Input0 → 1.8 V
Primary Input0 → 1.8 V
(1) It is ok to power up the device with a 2.5 V/3.3 V supply while this bit is set to 0. To ensure best device performance this registers
should be updated after power-up to reflect the true VDD_SEC supply voltage used.
(2) It is ok to power up the device with a 2.5 V/3.3 V supply while this bit is set to 0. To ensure best device performance this registers
should be updated after power-up to reflect the true VDD_PRI supply voltage used.
Primary Input (R) Divider Selection:
1111 → Divide by 16
Secondary Input Buffer Type Selection:
00 → CML
10 → LVCMOS
11 → Crystal
Secondary input enable:
1 → Enable
Primary Input Buffer Type Selection:
00 → CML
10 → LVCMOS
11 → LVCMOS
Primary input enable:
1 → Enable
Supply voltage for secondary input:
1 → 2.5/3.3 V
Supply voltage for primary input:
1 → 2.5/3.3 V
Table 16. Register 5
BITBIT NAMERELATED BLOCKDESCRIPTION/FUNCTION
15RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
14RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
13RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
12RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
11RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
10RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
(1) It is ok to power up the device with a 2.5 V/3.3 V supply while this bit is set to 0 and to update this bit thereafter.
(1)
Output Channels 0
and 1
Output Channels 0 and 1 Supply Voltage Selection:
0 → 1.8 V
1 → 2.5/3.3 V
Table 17. Register 6
BITBIT NAMERELATED BLOCKDESCRIPTION/FUNCTION
15RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
14RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
13RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
12RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
11RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
10RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
9RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
8RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
15RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
14RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
13RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
12RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
11RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
10RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
9RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
Output Channel 3 Type Selection:
8:7SEL_DRVR_CH3[1:0]
Output Channel 3
6:5EN_CH3[1:0]01 → Enable
4:3SEL_DRVR_CH2[1:0]
Output Channel 2
2:1EN_CH2[1:0]01 → Enable
0SUPPLY_CH2_3
(1) It is ok to power up the device with a 2.5 V/3.3 V supply while this bit is set to 0 and to update this bit thereafter.
15RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
14RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
13RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
12RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
11RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
10RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
9RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
8RESERVEDThis bit must be set to 0
Output channel 4 fractional divider's 3-b pre-divider setting (this predivider is bypassed if Q9.9 = 0)
000 → Divide by 2
001 → Divide by 3
111 → Divide by 1
All other combinations reserved
Output channel 5 fractional divider's 3-b pre-divider setting (this predivider is bypassed if Q12.9 = 0)
000 → Divide by 2
001 → Divide by 3
111 → Divide by 1
All other combinations reserved
15RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
14RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
13RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
12RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
11RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
10RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
9RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
8RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
7RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
6RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
5RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
4RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
3RESERVEDThis bit will read a 0
Indicates unlock status for PLL (digital):
0 → PLL locked
2PLL_UNLOCK
Device Status
Monitoring
1LOS_REF
0SEL_REF0 → Primary
1 → PLL unlocked
Note: the external output signal on Status 0 or Status 1 uses a
reversed logic, and indicates "lock" with a VOHsignal and unlock
with a VOLsignaling level.
Loss of reference input observed at input Smart MUX output in
observation window for PLL:
0 → Reference input present
1 → Loss of reference input
Indicates Reference Selected for PLL:
1 → Secondary
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component
specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are
responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should
validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.
11.1 Application Information
The CDCM6208 is a highly integrated clock generator and jitter cleaner. The CDCM6208 derives its output
clocks from an on-chip oscillator which can be buffered through integer or fractional output dividers.
11.2 Typical Applications
Figure 37. Typical Application Circuit
Figure 38. Typical Application Circuit
11.2.1 Design Requirements
The most jitter sensitive application besides driving A-to-D converters are systems deploying a serial link using
Serializer and De-serializer implementation (for example, a 10 GigEthernet). Fully estimating the clock jitter
impact on the link budget requires an understanding of the transmit PLL bandwidth and the receiver CDR
bandwidth.
The CDCM6208V1F includes an on-chip PLL with an on-chip VCO. The PLL blocks consist of a universal input
interface, a phase frequency detector (PFD), charge pump, partially integrated loop filter, and a feedback divider.
Completing the CDCM6208V1F device are the combination of integer and fractional output dividers, and
universal output buffers. The PLL is powered by on-chip low dropout (LDO), linear voltage regulators and the
regulated supply network is partitioned such that the sensitive analog supplies are running from separate LDOs
than the digital supplies which use their own LDO. The LDOs provide isolation of the PLL from any noise in the
external power supply rail with a PSNR of better than -50 dB at all frequencies. The regulator capacitor pin
REG_CAP should be connected to ground by a 10 µF capacitor with low ESR (e.g. below 1 Ω ESR) to ensure
stability.
11.2.1.2 Device Configuration Control
Figure 40 illustrates the relationships between device states, the control pins, device initialization and
configuration, and device operational modes. In pin mode, the state of the control pins determines the
configuration of the device for all device states. In programming mode, the device registers are initialized to their
default state and the host can update the configuration by writing to the device registers. A system may transition
a device from pin mode to host connected mode by changing the state of the SI_MODE pins and then triggering
a device reset (either via the RESETN pin or via setting the RESETN bit in the device registers). In reset, the
device disables the outputs so that unwanted sporadic activity associated with device initialization does not
appear on the device outputs.
Figure 39 shows two typical applications examples of the RESETN pin.
Figure 39. RESETN/PWR Pin Configurations
CDCM6208V1F
SCAS943 –MAY 2015
Figure 39 (a) SPI / I2C mode only: shows the RESETN pin connected to a digital device that controls device
reset. The resistor and capacitor combination ensure reset is held low even if the CDCM6208V1F is powered up
before the host controller output signal is valid.
Figure 39 (b) SPI / I2C mode only:shows a configuration in which the user wishes to introduce a delay between
the time that the system applies power to the device and the device exiting reset. If the user does not use a
capacitor, then the device effectively ignores the state of the RESETN pin.
Figure 39 (c) Pin mode only: shows a configuration useful if the device is used in Pin Mode. Here device pin
number 44 becomes the PWR input. An external pull down resistor can be used to pull this pin down. If the
resistor is not installed, the pin is internally pulled high.
11.2.1.4 Preventing False Output Frequencies in SPI/I2C Mode at Startup:
Some systems require a custom configuration and cannot tolerate any output to start up with a wrong frequency.
Holding RESET low at power-up until the device is fully configured keeps all outputs disabled. The device
calibrates automatically after RESET becomes released and starts out with the desired output frequency.
NOTE
The RESETN pin cannot be held low during I2C communication. Instead, use the SYNC
pin to disable the outputs during an I2C write operation, and toggle RESETN pin
afterwards. Alternatively, other options exist such as using the RESETN bit in the register
space to disable outputs until the write operation is complete.
Figure 41. Reset Pin Control During Register Loading
11.2.1.5 Power Down
When the PDN pin = 0, the device enters a complete power down mode with a current consumption of no more
than 1 mA from the entire device.
11.2.1.6 Device Power Up Timing:
Before the device outputs turn on after power up, the device goes through the following initialization routine:
Step 1: Power up ramp
Step 2: XO startup (if crystal is
used)
STEPDURATIONCOMMENTS
Depends on customer supplyThe POR monitor holds the device in power-down or reset until the
ramp timeVDD supply voltage reaches 1.06 V (min) to 1.26 V (max)
Depends on XTAL. Could beThis step assumes RESETN = 1 and PDN = 1.The XTAL startup
several ms;time is the time it takes for the XTAL to oscillate with sufficient
For NX3225GA 25 MHz typicalamplitude. The CDCM6208V1F has a built-in amplitude detection
XTAL startup time measures 200 circuit, and holds the device in reset until the XTAL stage has
µs.sufficient swing.
Device outputs held static low (YxP=low, Yxn=high)
Y4 (HCSL)
Y4p
Y4n
1.8V
CDCM6208V1F
SCAS943 –MAY 2015
www.ti.com
Typical Applications (continued)
Table 35. Initialization Routine (continued)
STEPDURATIONCOMMENTS
This counter of 64 k clock cycles needs to expire before any further
Step 3: Ref Clock Counterthe input to the PFD from PRI or SEC input has stabilized in
64k Reference clock cycles at
PFD input
64k FBCLK cycles with CW=32;
The duration is similar to Step 3,The Feedback counter delays the startup by another 64k PFD clock
Step 4: FBCLK counter
or can be more accuratelycycles. This is so that all counters are well initialized and also ensure
estimated as:additional timing margin for the reference clock to settle. This step
Approximately 64k x PS_A xcan range from 640 µs (f
N/2.48 GHz
Step 5: VCO calibration128k PFD reference clock cycles takes exactly 128k PFD clock cycles. The duration can therefore
Step 6: PLL lock timeapproximately 3 x LBWsynthesizer mode typically 10 µs). The initial output frequency will be
Step 7: PLL Lock indicator highwill go high after approximately 2048 to 2560 PFD clock cycles to
approximately 2305 PFD clock
cycles
power-up step is done inside the device. This counter ensures that
frequency. The duration of this step can range from 640 µs (f
100 MHz) to 8 sec (8 kHz PFD).
= 100 MHz) to 8 sec (f
PFD
PFD
= 8kHz).
PFD
=
This step calibrates the VCO to the exact frequency range, and
range from 1280 µs (f
= 100 MHz) to 16 sec (f
PFD
= 8 KHz).
PFD
The Outputs turn on immediately after calibration. A small frequency
error remains for the duration of approximately 3 x LBW (so in
lower than the target output frequency, as the loop filter starts out
initially discharged.
The PLL lock indicator if selected on output STATUS0 or STATUS1
indicate PLL is now locked.
The Smart Input MUX supports auto-switching and manual-switching using control pin (and through register).
The Smart Input MUX is designed such that glitches created during switching in both auto and manual modes
are suppressed at the MUX output.
Table 36. Input Mux Selection
SI_MODE1REGISTER 4 BIT 12REF_SEL
PIN NO. 47SMUX_REF_SELPIN NO. 6
0 (SPI/I2C mode)
1 (pin mode)not available
Example 1:An application desired to auto-select the clock reference in SPI/I2C mode. During production testing
REGISTER 4 BIT
13SMUX_MODE_SESELECTED INPUT
L
0XX
0Primary input
1
1Secondary input
1
Auto Select Priority is given to Primary
Reference input.
1
0Primary input
1Secondary input
0Primary or Auto (see Table 5)
1Secondary or Auto (see Table 5)
input select through
SPI/I2C
input select through
external pin
however, the system needs to force the device to use the primary followed by the secondary input. The settings
would be as follows:
1. Tie REF_SEL pin always high
2. For primary clock input testing, use R4[13:12] = 10
3. For secondary clock input testing, set R4[13:12] = 11.
4. For the auto-mux setting in the final product shipment, set R3[13:12]=01 or 00
Example 2: The application wants to select the clock input manually without programming SPI/I2C. In this case,
program R4[13:12] = 11, and select primary or secondary input by toggling REF_SEL low or high.
SmartMux input frequency limitation: In the automatic mode, the frequencies of both inputs to the smart mux
(PRI_REF divided by R and SEC_REF) need to be similar; however, they can vary by up to 20%.
Switching behavior: The input clocks can have any phase. When switching happens between one input clock to
the other, the phase of the output clock slowly transitions to the phase of the newly selected input clock. There
will be no-phase jump at the output. The phase transition time to the new reference clock signal depends on the
PLL loop filter bandwidth. Auto-switch assigns higher priority to PRI_REF and lower priority to SEC_REF. The
timing diagram of an auto-switch at the input MUX is shown in Figure 45.
The universal input buffers support multiple signaling formats (LVDS, CML or LVCMOS) and these require
external termination schemes. The secondary input buffer also supports crystal inputs and Table 28 provides the
characteristics of the crystal that can be used. Both inputs incorporate hysteresis.
11.2.1.9 VCO Calibration
The LC VCO is designed using high-Q monolithic inductors and has low phase noise characteristics. The VCO of
the CDCM6208V1F must be calibrated to ensure that the clock outputs deliver optimal phase noise performance.
Fundamentally, a VCO calibration establishes an optimal operating point within the tuning range of the VCO.
While transparent to the user, the CDCM6208V1F and the host system perform the following steps comprising a
VCO calibration sequence:
1. Normal Operation- When the CDCM6208V1F is in normal (operational) mode, the state of both the power
down pin (PDN) and reset pin (RESETN) is high.
2. Entering the reset state – If the user wishes to restore all device defaults and initiate a VCO calibration
sequence, then the host system must place the device in reset via the PDN pin, via the RESETN pin, or by
removing and restoring device power. Pulling either of these pins low places the device in the reset state.
Holding either pin low holds the device in reset.
3. Exiting the reset state – The device calibrates the VCO either by exiting the device reset state or through
the device reset command initiated via the host interface. Exiting the reset state occurs automatically after
power is applied and/or the system restores the state of the PDN or RESETN pins from the low to high state.
Exiting the reset state using this method causes the device defaults to be loaded/reloaded into the device
register bank. Invoking a device reset via the register bit does not restore device defaults; rather, the device
retains settings related to the current clock frequency plan. Using this method allows for a VCO calibration
for a frequency plan other than the default state (i.e. the device calibrates the VCO based on the settings
contained within the register bank at the time that the register bit is accessed). The nominal state of this bit is
low. Writing this bit to a high state and then returning it to the low state invokes a device reset without
restoring device defaults.
4. Device stabilization – After exiting the reset state as described in Step 3, the device monitors internal
voltages and starts a reset timer. Only after internal voltages are at the correct level and the reset time has
expired will the device initiate a VCO calibration. This ensures that the device power supplies and phase
locked loops have stabilized prior to calibrating the VCO.
5. VCO Calibration – The CDCM6208V1F calibrates the VCO. During the calibration routine, the device holds
all outputs in reset so that the CDCM6208V1F generates no spurious clock signals.
11.2.1.10 Reference Divider (R)
The reference (R) divider is a continuous 4-b counter (1 – 16) that is present on the primary input before the
Smart Input MUX. It is operational in the frequency range of 8 kHz to 250 MHz. The output of the R divider sets
the input frequency for the Smart MUX, and the auto switch capability of the Smart MUX can then be employed
as long as the secondary input frequency is no more than ± 20% different from the output of the R divider.
11.2.1.11 Input Divider (M)
The input (M) divider is a continuous 14-b counter (1 – 16384) that is present after the Smart Input MUX. It is
operational in the frequency range of 8 kHz to 250 MHz. The output of the M divider sets the PFD frequency to
the PLL and should be in the range of 8 kHz to 100 MHz.
11.2.1.12 Feedback Divider (N)
The feedback (N) divider is made up of cascaded 8-b counter divider (1 – 256) followed by a 10-b counter divider
(1 – 1024) that are present on the feedback path of the PLL. It is operational in the frequency range of 8 kHz to
800 MHz. The output of the N divider sets the PFD frequency to the PLL and should be in the range of 8 kHz to
100 MHz. The frequency out of the first divider is required to be less than or equal to 200 MHz to ensure proper
operation.
11.2.1.13 Prescaler Dividers (PS_A, PS_B)
The prescaler (PS) dividers are fed by the output of the VCO and are distributed to the output dividers (PS_A to
the dividers for Outputs 0, 1, 4, and 5 and PS_B to the dividers for Outputs 2, 3, 6, and 7. PS_A also completes
the PLL as it also drives the input of the Feedback Divider (N).
11.2.1.14 Phase Frequency Detector (PFD)
The PFD takes inputs from the Smart Input MUX output and the feedback divider output and produces an output
that is dependent on the phase and frequency difference between the two inputs. The allowable range of
frequencies at the inputs of the PFD is from 8 kHz to 100 MHz.
11.2.1.15 Charge Pump (CP)
The charge pump is controlled by the PFD which dictates either to pump up or down in order to charge or
discharge the integrating section of the on-chip loop filter. The integrated and filtered charge pump current is then
converted to a voltage that drives the control voltage node of the internal VCO through the loop filter. The range
of the charge pump current is from 500 µA to 4 mA.
11.2.1.16 Programmable Loop Filter
The on-chip PLL supports a partially internal and partially external loop filter configuration for all PLL loop
bandwidths where the passive external components C1, C2, and R2 are connected to the ELF pin as shown in
Figure 46 to achieve PLL loop bandwidths from 400 kHz down to 10 Hz.
The loop filter setting and external resistor selection is important to set the PLL to best possible bandwidth and to
minimize jitter. A high bandwidth (≥ 100 kHz) provides best input signal tracking and is therefore desired with a
clean input reference (synthesizer mode). A low bandwidth (≤ 1 kHz) is desired if the input signal quality is
unknown (jitter cleaner mode). TI provides a software tool that makes it easy to select the right loop filter
components. C1, R2, and C2 are external loop filter components, connected to the ELF pin. The 3rdpole of the
loop filter is device internal with R3 and C3 register selectable.
11.2.1.16.2 Device Output Signaling
LVDS-like: All outputs Y[7:0] support LVDS-like signaling. The actual output stage uses a CML structure and
drives a signal swing identical to LVDS (~350mV). The output slew rate is faster than standard LVDS for best
jitter performance. The LVDS-like outputs should be AC-coupled when interfacing to a LVDS receiver. See
reference schematic Figure 64 for an example. The supply voltage for outputs configured LVDS can be selected
freely between 1.8 V and 3.3 V.
LVPECL-like: Outputs Y[3:0] support LVPECL-like signaling. The actual output stage uses a CML structure but
drives the same signal amplitude and rise time as true emitter coupled logic output stages. The LVPECL-like
outputs should be AC-coupled, and contrary to standard PECL designs, no external termination resistor to VCC2V is used (fewer components for lowest BOM cost). See reference schematic Figure 64 for an example. The
supply voltage for outputs configured LVPECL-like is recommended to be 3.3 V, though even 1.8 V provides
nearly the same output swing and performance at much lower power consumption.
CML: Outputs Y[3:0] support standard CML signaling. The supply voltage for outputs configured CML can be
selected freely between 1.8 V and 3.3 V. A true CML receiver can be driven DC coupled. All other differential
receiver should connected using AC coupling. See reference schematic Figure 64 for a circuit example.
HCSL: Outputs Y[7:4] support HCSL signaling. The supply voltage for outputs configured HCSL can be selected
freely between 1.8 V and 3.3 V. HCSL is referenced to GND, and requires external 50 Ω termination to GND.
See reference schematic for an example.
CMOS: Outputs Y[7:4] support 1.8 V, 2.5 V, and 3.3 V CMOS signaling. A fast or reduced slew rate can be
selected through register programming. Each differential output port can drive one or two CMOS output signals.
Both signals are “in-phase”, meaning their phase offset is zero degrees, and not 180˚. The output swing is set by
providing the according supply voltage (for example, if VDD_Y4=2.5 V, the output swing on Y4 will be 2.5 V
CMOS). Outputs configured for CMOS should only be terminated with a series-resistor near the device output to
preserve the full signal swing. Terminating CMOS signals with a 50 Ω resistor to GND would reduce the output
signal swing significantly.
Each integer output divider is made up of a continuous 10-b counter. The output buffer itself contributes only little
to the total device output jitter due to a low output buffer phase noise floor. The typical output phase noise floor
at an output frequency of 122.88 MHz, 20 MHz offset from the carrier measures as follows: LVCMOS: -157.8
dBc/Hz, LVDS: -158 dBc/Hz, LVPECL: -158.25 dBc/Hz, HCSL: -160 dBc/Hz. Therefore, the overall contribution
of the output buffer to the total jitter is approximately 50 fs-rms (12 k - 20 MHz). An actual measurement of phase
noise floor with different output frequencies for one nominal until yielded the following:
The CDCM6208V1F incorporates a fractional output divider on Y[7:4], allowing these outputs to run at noninteger output divide ratios of the PLL frequencies. This feature is useful when systems require different,
unrelated frequencies. The fractional output divider architecture is shown in Figure 47.
(Simplified Graphic, not Showing Output Divider Bypass Options)
The fractional output divider requires an input frequency between 400 MHz and 800 MHz, and outputs any
frequency equal or less than 400 MHz (the minimum fractional output divider setting is 2). The fractional divider
block has a first stage integer pre-divider followed by a fractional sigma-delta output divider block that is deep
enough such as to generate any output frequency in the range of 0.78 MHz to 400 MHz from any input frequency
in the range of 400 MHz to 800 MHz with a worst case frequency accuracy of no more than ±1ppm. The
fractional values available are all possible 20-b representations of fractions within the following range:
•1.0 ≤ ƒrac
•2.0 ≤ ƒrac
•4.0 ≤ ƒrac
•x.0 ≤ ƒrac
•254.0 ≤ ƒrac
•256.0 ≤ ƒrac
≤ 1.9375
DIV
≤ 3.875
DIV
≤ 5.875
DIV
≤ (x + 1) + 0.875 with x being all even numbers from x = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, ...., 254
DIV
≤ 255.875
DIV
≤ 256.99999
DIV
The CDCM6208V1F user GUI comprehends the fractional divider limitations; therefore, using the GUI to
comprehend frequency planning is recommended.
The fractional divider output jitter is a function of fractional divider input frequency and furthermore depends on
which bits are exercised within the fractional divider. Exercising only MSB or LSB bits provides better jitter than
exercising bits near the center of the fractional divider. Jitter data are provided in this document, and vary from
50 ps-pp to 200 ps-pp, when the device is operated as a frequency synthesizer with high PLL bandwidths
(approximately 100 kHz to 400 kHz). When the device is operated as a jitter cleaner with low PLL bandwidths (<
1 kHz), its additive total jitter increases by as much as 30 ps-pp. The fractional divider can be used in integer
mode. However, if only an integer divide ratio is needed, it is important to disable the corresponding fractional
divider enable bit, which engages the higher performing integer divider.
11.2.1.16.5 Output Synchronization
Both types of output dividers can be synchronized using the SYNCN signal. For the CDCM6208V1F, this signal
comes from the SYNCN pin or the soft SYNCN register bit R3.5. The most common way to execute the output
synchronization is to toggle the SYNCN pin. When SYNC is asserted (V
(high-impedance) and the output dividers are reset. When SYNC is de-asserted (V
≤ VIL), all outputs are disabled
SYNCN
≥ VIH), the device first
SYNCN
internally latches the signal, then retimes the signal with the pre-scaler, and finally turns all outputs on
simultaneously. The first rising edge of the outputs is therefore approximately 15 ns to 20 ns delayed from the
SYNC pin assertion. For one particular device configuration, the uncertainty of the delay is ±1 PS_A clock cycles.
For one particular device and one particular configuration, the delay uncertainty is one PS_A clock cycle.
The SYNC feature is particularly helpful in systems with multiple CDCM6208V1F. If SYNC is released
simultaneously for all devices, the total remaining output skew uncertainty is ±1 clock cycles for all devices
configured to identical pre-scaler settings. For devices with varying pre-scaler settings, the total part-to-part skew
uncertainty due to sync remains ±2 clock cycles.
Outputs Y0, Y1, Y4, and Y5 are aligned with the PS_A output while outputs Y2, Y3, Y6, and Y7 are aligned with
the PS_B output). All outputs Y[7:0] turn on simultaneously, if PS_B and PS_A are set to identical divide values
(PS_A=PS_B).
The CDCM6208V1F device outputs Y4 and Y5 can either be used as independent fractional outputs or allow
bypassing of the PLL in order to output the primary or secondary input signal directly.
11.2.1.16.7 Staggered CLK Output Powerup for Power Sequencing of a DSP
DSPs are sensitive to any kind of voltage swing on unpowered input rails. To protect the DSP from long-term
reliability problems, it is recommended to avoid any clock signal to the DSP until the DSP power rail is also
powered up. This can be achieved in two ways using the CDCM6208V1F:
1. Digital control: Initiating a configuration of all registers so that all outputs are disabled, and then turning on
outputs one by one through serial interface after each DSP rail becomes powered up accordingly.
2. Output Power supply domain control: An even easier scheme might be to connect the clock output power
supply VDD_Yx to the corresponding DSP input clock supply domain. In this case, the CDCM6208V1F
output will remain disabled until the DSP rails ramps up as well. Figure 49 shows the turn-on behavior.
Figure 49. Sequencing the Output Turn-on Through Sequencing the Output Supplies. Output Y2 Powers
The most jitter sensitive application besides driving A-to-D converters are systems deploying a serial link using
Serializer and De-serializer implementation (for example, 10 GigEthernet). Fully estimating the clock jitter impact
on the link budget requires an understanding of the transmit PLL bandwidth and the receiver CDR bandwidth. As
can be seen in Figure 50, the bandwidth of TX and RX is the frequency range in which clock jitter adds without
any attenuation to the jitter budget of the link. Outside of these frequencies, the SERDES link will attenuate clock
jitter with a 20 dB/dec or even steeper roll-off.
Figure 50. Serial Link Jitter Budget Explanation
Example: SERDES link with KeyStone™ I DSP
The SERDES TX PLL of the TI KeyStone™ I DSP family (see SPRABI2) for the SRIO interface, has a 13 MHz
PLL bandwidth (Low Pass Characteristic, see Figure 50). The CDCM6208V2, pin-mode 27, was characterized in
this example over Process, Voltage and Temperature (PVT) with a low pass filter of 13 MHz to simulate the TX
PLL. The attenuation is higher or equal to 20 dB/dec; therefore, the characterization used 20 dB/dec as worst
case.
11.2.2.2 Jitter Considerations in ADC and DAC Systems
A/D and D/A converters are sensitive to clock jitter in two ways: They are sensitive to phase noise in a particular
frequency band, and also have maximum spur level requirements to achieve maximum noise floor sensitivity.
The following test results were achieved connecting the CDCM6208V1F to ADC and DACs:
245.76MHz DAC
driven from CDCM6208
(no performance degradation observed)
CDCM6208V1F
SCAS943 –MAY 2015
www.ti.com
Observation: up to an IF = 100 MHz, The ADC performance when driven by the CDCM6208V1F (Figure 53) is
similar to when the ADC is driven by an expensive lab signal generator with additional passive source filtering
(Figure 52).
Conclusion Therefore, the CDCM6208V1F is usable for applications up to 100 MHz IF. For IF above 100 MHz,
the SNR starts degrading in our experiments. Measurements were conducted with ADC connected to Y0 and
other outputs running at different integer frequencies.
Important note on crosstalk: it is highly recommended that both pre-dividers are configured identically, as
otherwise SFDR and SNR suffer due to crosstalk between the two pre-divider frequencies.
Figure 54. DAC Driven by Lab Source and CDCM6208V1F in Comparison (Performance Identical)
Observation/Conclusion: The DAC performance was not degraded at all by the CDCM6208V1F compared to
driving the DAC with a perfect lab source. Therefore, the CDCM6208V1F provides sufficient low noise to drive a
12.1 Power Rail Sequencing, Power Supply Ramp Rate, and Mixing Supply Domains
Mixing Supplies: The CDCM6208V1F incorporates a very flexible power supply architecture. Each building
block has its own power supply domain, and can be driven independently with 1.8 V, 2.5 V, or 3.3 V . This is
especially of advantage to minimize total system cost by deploying multiple low-cost LDOs instead of one, moreexpensive LDO. This also allows mixed IO supply voltages (e.g. one CMOS output with 1.8 V, another with 3.3
V) or interfacing to a SPI/I2C controller with 3.3 V supply while other blocks are driven from a lower supply
voltage to minimize power consumption. The CDCM6208V1F current consumption is practically independent of
the supply voltage, and therefore a lower supply voltage consumes lower device power. Also note that outputs
Y3:0 if used for PECL swing will provide higher output swing if the according output domains are connected to
2.5 V or 3.3 V.
Power-on Reset: The CDCM6208V1F integrates a built-in POR circuit, that holds the device in powerdown until
all input, digital, and PLL supplies have reached at least 1.06 V (min) to 1.24 V (max). After this power-on
release, device internal counters start (see previous section on device power up timing) followed by device
calibration. While the device digital circuit resets properly at this supply voltage level, the device is not ready to
calibrate at such a low voltage. Therefore, for slow power up ramps, the counters expire before the supply
voltage reaches the minimum voltage of 1.71 V. Hence for slow power-supply ramp rates, it is necessary to delay
calibration further using the PDN input.
Slow power-up supply ramp: No particular power supply sequence is required for the CDCM6208V1F.
However, it is necessary to ensure that device calibration occurs AFTER the DVDD supply as well as the
VDD_PLL1, VDD_PLL2, VDD_PRI, and VDD_SEC supply are all operational, and the voltage on each supply is
higher than 1.45. This is best realized by delaying the PDN low-to-high transition. The PDN input incorporates a
50 kΩ resistor to DVDD. Assuming the DVDD supply ramp has a fixed time relationship to the slowest of all PLL
and input power supplies, a capacitor from PDN to GND can delay the PDN input signal sufficiently to toggle
PDN low-to-high AFTER all other supplies are stable. However, if the DVDD supply ramps much sooner than the
PLL or input supplies, additional means are necessary to prevent PDN from toggling too early. A premature
toggling of PDN would possibly result in failed PLL calibration, which can only be corrected by re-calibrating the
PLL by either toggling PDN or RESET high-low-high.
Figure 58. PDN Delay When Using Slow Ramping Power Supplies (Supply Ramp > 50 ms)
12.1.1 Fast Power-up Supply Ramp
If the supply ramp time for DVDD, VDD_PLL1, VDD_PLL2, VDD_PRI, and VDD_SEC are faster than 50 ms from
0 V to 1.8 V, no special provisions are necessary on PDN; the PDN pin can be left floating. Even an external
capacitor to GND can be omitted in this circumstance, as the device delays calibration sufficiently by internal
means.
Power Rail Sequencing, Power Supply Ramp Rate, and Mixing Supply Domains (continued)
12.1.2 Delaying VDD_Yx_Yy to Protect DSP IOs
DSPs and other highly integrated processors sometimes do not permit any clock signal to be present until the
DSP power supply for the corresponding IO is also present. The CDCM6208V1F allows to either sequence
output clock signals by writing to the corresponding output enable bit through SPI/I2C, or alternatively it is
possible to connect the DSP IO supply and the CDCM6208V1F output supply together, in which case the
CDCM6208V1F output will not turn on until the DSP supply is also valid. This second implementation avoids
SPI/I2C programming.
Employing the thermally enhanced printed circuit board layout shown in Figure 59 insures good thermal
performance of the solution. Observing good thermal layout practices enables the thermal pad on the backside of
the QFN-48 package to provide a good thermal path between the die contained within the package and the
ambient air. This thermal pad also serves as the ground connection the device; therefore, a low inductance
connection to the ground plane is essential.
13.2 Layout Example
Figure 59 shows a layout optimized for good thermal performance and a good power supply connection as well.
The 7×7 filled via pattern facilitates both considerations.
Figure 60 shows two conceptual layouts detailing recommended placement of power supply bypass capacitors. If
the capacitors are mounted on the back side, 0402 components can be employed; however, soldering to the
Thermal Dissipation Pad can be difficult. For component side mounting, use 0201 body size capacitors to
facilitate signal routing. Keep the connections between the bypass capacitors and the power supply on the
device as short as possible. Ground the other side of the capacitor using a low impedance connection to the
ground plane.
Every supply can individually be connected to either 1.8V, 2.5V, or 3.3V. It is also possible to
run all IO from one single supply at 1.8V, 2.5V, or 3.3V.
Outputs 4 to 7 have option for HCSL, LVCMOS, LPCML
For HCSL, install 50 ohm termination resistors and adjust
series resistor between 0 and 33 ohms to improve ringing.
KeyStone is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
I2C is a trademark of NXP B.V. Corporation.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
14.2 Documentation Support
14.2.1 Related Documentation
IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.
Hardware Design Guide for KeyStone Devices SPRABI2 for the SRIO interface.
14.3 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
14.4 Glossary
SLYZ022 — TI Glossary.
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
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15Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most
current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of
this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation.
CDCM6208V1FRGZRACTIVEVQFNRGZ482500RoHS & GreenNIPDAULevel-3-260C-168 HR-40 to 85CM6208V1F
CDCM6208V1FRGZTACTIVEVQFNRGZ48250RoHS & GreenNIPDAULevel-3-260C-168 HR-40 to 85CM6208V1F
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
Package Type Package
(1)
Drawing
Pins Package
Qty
Eco Plan
(2)
Lead finish/
Ball material
(6)
MSL Peak Temp
(3)
Op Temp (°C)Device Marking
(4/5)
(2)
RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of <=1000ppm threshold. Antimony trioxide based
flame retardants must also meet the <=1000ppm threshold requirement.
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
(4)
There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.
(5)
Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.
(6)
Lead finish/Ball material - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead finish/Ball material values may wrap to two
lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
Images above are just a representation of the package family, actual package may vary.
Refer to the product data sheet for package details.
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4224671/A
PACKAGE OUTLINE
PIN 1 INDEX AREA
1 MAX
SCALE 2.000
B
7.15
6.85
A
7.15
6.85
VQFN - 1 mm max heightRGZ0048B
PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK - NO LEAD
C
SEATING PLANE
0.05
0.00
44X 0.5
2X
5.5
PIN 1 ID
(OPTIONAL)
12
2X 5.5
4.1 0.1
13
49
1
48
SYMM
48X
24
25
SYMM
36
37
0.5
0.3
0.08 C
EXPOSED
THERMAL PAD
0.30
48X
0.18
0.1C B A
0.05
(0.2) TYP
4218795/B 02/2017
NOTES:
1. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Any dimensions in parenthesis are for reference only. Dimensioning and tolerancing
per ASME Y14.5M.
2. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
3. The package thermal pad must be soldered to the printed circuit board for thermal and mechanical performance.
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48X (0.24)
44X (0.5)
48X (0.6)
SYMM
EXAMPLE BOARD LAYOUT
VQFN - 1 mm max heightRGZ0048B
PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK - NO LEAD
( 4.1)
(1.115) TYP
(0.685)
48
1
TYP
49
37
36
(1.115)
TYP
(0.685)
TYP
( 0.2) TYP
VIA
(R0.05)
TYP
0.07 MAX
ALL AROUND
EXPOSED METAL
12
13
SYMM
(6.8)
LAND PATTERN EXAMPLE
EXPOSED METAL SHOWN
SCALE:12X
ALL AROUND
METAL
EXPOSED METAL
SOLDER MASK
OPENING
(6.8)
25
24
0.07 MIN
SOLDER MASK
OPENING
METAL UNDER
SOLDER MASK
NON SOLDER MASK
DEFINED
(PREFERRED)
SOLDER MASK
DEFINED
SOLDER MASK DETAILS
4218795/B 02/2017
NOTES: (continued)
4. This package is designed to be soldered to a thermal pad on the board. For more information, see Texas Instruments literature
number SLUA271 (www.ti.com/lit/slua271).
5. Vias are optional depending on application, refer to device data sheet. If any vias are implemented, refer to their locations shown
on this view. It is recommended that vias under paste be filled, plugged or tented.
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48X (0.6)
48X (0.24)
EXAMPLE STENCIL DESIGN
VQFN - 1 mm max heightRGZ0048B
PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK - NO LEAD
(1.37)
48
1
TYP
37
36
44X (0.5)
(R0.05) TYP
METAL
TYP
SYMM
49
12
13
SYMM
(6.8)
SOLDER PASTE EXAMPLE
BASED ON 0.125 mm THICK STENCIL
EXPOSED PAD 49
73% PRINTED SOLDER COVERAGE BY AREA UNDER PACKAGE
SCALE:12X
24
(1.37)
(
25
TYP
(6.8)
9X
1.17)
4218795/B 02/2017
NOTES: (continued)
6. Laser cutting apertures with trapezoidal walls and rounded corners may offer better paste release. IPC-7525 may have alternate
design recommendations.
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