TEXAS INSTRUMENTS bq78PL114 Technical data

bq78PL114

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.................................................................................................................................... SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008

PowerLAN™ Master Gateway Battery Management Controller

With PowerPump™ Cell Balancing Technology

FEATURES APPLICATIONS

• Designed for Managing up to 12 Series Cell

Battery Systems

• SmartSafety Features:

– Prevention: Optimal Cell Management – Diagnosis: Improved Sensing of Cell

Problems

– Fail Safe: Detection of Event Precursors

• Rate-of-Change Detection of All Important Cell

Characteristics: – Voltage – Impedance – Cell Temperature

• PowerPump Technology Transfers Charge

Efficiently From Cell to Cell During All Operating Conditions, Resulting in Longer Run Time and Cell Life

• High-Resolution 18-Bit Integrating Delta-Sigma

Coulomb Counter for Precise Charge-Flow Measurements and Gas Gauging

• Multiple Independent Δ - Σ ADCs: One-per-Cell

Voltage, Plus Separate Temperature, Current, and Safety

• Simultaneous, Synchronous Measurement of

Pack Current and Individual Cell Voltages

• Very Low Power Consumption: < 250 µ A Active, < 150 µ A Standby, < 40 µ A Ship, and

< 1- µ A Undervoltage Shutdown

• Accurate, Advanced Temperature Monitoring of Cells and MOSFETs With up to Six Sensors This permits accurate temperature monitoring of each

• Fail-Safe Operation of Pack Protection Circuits: Up to Three Power MOSFETs and One Secondary Safety Output (Fuse)

• Fully Programmable Voltage, Current, Balance, and Temperature-Protection Features

• External Inputs for Auxiliary MOSFET Control

• Smart Battery System 1.1 Compliant via

SMBus or SPI Interface With SHA-1 Authentication Option

• Portable Medical Instruments and Test

Equipment

• Mobility Devices (E-Bike)

• Uninterruptible Power Supplies and Hand-Held

Tools

DESCRIPTION

The bq78PL114 master gateway battery controller is part of a complete Li-Ion control, monitoring, and safety solution designed for large series cell strings.

The bq78PL114, along with PowerLAN cell monitors, provides complete battery system control, communications, and safety functions for a structure of three to 12 series cells. This PowerLAN system provides simultaneous, synchronized voltage and temperature measurements using one-ADC-per-cell technology. Voltage measurements are also synchronized with pack current measurements, eliminating system-induced noise from measurements. This allows the precise, continuous, real-time calculation of cell impedance under all operating conditions, even during widely fluctuating load conditions.

PowerPump technology transfers charge between cells to balance their voltage and capacity. Balancing is possible during all battery modes: charge, discharge, and rest. Highly efficient charge-transfer circuitry nearly eliminates energy loss while providing true real-time balance between cells, resulting in longer run-time and improved cycle life.

Temperature is sensed by up to six external sensors. cell individually. Firmware is then able to compensate

for the temperature-induced effects on capacity, impedance, and OCV on a cell-by-cell basis, resulting in superior charge/ discharge and balancing control.

External MOSFET control inputs provide userdefinable direct hardware control over MOSFET states. Smart control prevents excessive current through MOSFET body diodes. Auxiliary inputs can be used for enhanced safety and control in large multicell arrays.

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

2 PowerLAN, PowerPump, bqWizard are trademarks of Texas Instruments. 3 All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters.

FLASH

PRE

CHG

EFCID

EFCIC

SMBus

DSG

SMBCLK

SMBDAT

SPROT

SPI-DI

CSBAT

SPI-DO

CSPACK

SPI-CLK

GPIO

CELL 4

Voltage

Temp

Balance

SPI

SELECT

PUMP4

XT4

ELL 3

Voltage

Temp

Balance

PUMP3

XT3

CELL 2

Voltage

Temp

Balance

PUMP2

XT2

CELL 1

Voltage

Temp

Balance

2.5VLDO

PUMP1

VLDO1

XT1

Watchdog

Coulomb Counter CCBAT

CCPACKCurrent A/D

Core / CPU

Measure

I/O

Safety

RSTN

Internal

Temperature

RISC

CPU

Internal

Oscillator

Reset

Logic

First-LevelSafety

and

FET Control

Second-Level

Safety

LED1–5, LEDEN

B0320-02

PowerLAN

Communication

Link

P-LAN

bq78PL114

SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008 ....................................................................................................................................

These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.

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DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED)

The bq78PL114 is completely user-configurable, with parametric tables in flash memory to suit a variety of cell chemistries, operating conditions, safety controls, and data reporting needs. It is easily configured using the supplied bqWizard™ graphical user interface (GUI). The device is fully programmed and requires no algorithm or firmware development.

Figure 1. bq78PL114 Internal Block Diagram

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq76PL102 Cell

MonitorWith PowerPump

Balancing

PowerLAN

Communication

Link

PowerLAN

MasterGateway

BatteryController

bq78PL114

Pack

Positive

Pack

Negative

Example8-cellconfigurationshown

–

SMBus

SEN

PackProtection

CircuitsandFuse

B0332-01

bq76PL102 Cell

MonitorWith PowerPump

Balancing

bq78PL114

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.................................................................................................................................... SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008

Figure 2. Example PowerLAN Multicell System Implementation

ORDERING INFORMATION

Product Cell Configuration

(2)

Package Ordering Number Transport

bq78PL114 3 to 8 series cells

bq78PL114 QFN-48, 7-mm (PREVIEW) × 7-mm

3 to 10 series cells RGZ – 40 ° C to 85 ° C

bq78PL114

(PREVIEW)

3 to 12 series cells

(1) Authentication options are also available; contact TI for additional information. (2) For configurations consisting of more than four series cells, additional bq76PL102 parts must be used. (3) Some historical data storage limits exist for the S10 and S12 versions.

Package Temperature

Designator Range

(1)

Quantity,

Media

bq78PL114RGZT

bq78PL114RGZR

bq78PL114S10RGZT

bq78PL114S10RGZR

bq78PL114S12RGZT

bq78PL114S12RGZR

(3)

250, tape and reel

2500, tape and reel

250, tape and reel

2500, tape and reel

250, tape and reel

2500, tape and reel

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

P0023-16

bq78PL114

RGZPackage

(TopView)

CHG

SDO0

DSG

SDI1

PRE

P1N

EFCIC

P2S

EFCID

P2N

CCBAT

SDO2

CCPACK

SDI3

VLDO1

P3S

CSBAT

P3N

CSPACK

P4S

OSCI

P4N

OSCO

P-LAN

LED5

VSS

LED4

LED3

XT1

LED2

XT2

LED1

LEDEN

VLDO2

SPROT

SELECT

XT3

SPI-DO

XT4

SPI-DI

SPI-CLK

SMBDAT

RSTN

SMBCLK

ThermalPad

bq78PL114

SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008 ....................................................................................................................................

AVAILABLE OPTIONS

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Figure 3. bq78PL114 Pinout

(1)

NAME NO. TYPE

CCBAT 6 IA Coulomb counter input (sense resistor), connect to battery negative CCPACK 7 IA Coulomb counter input (sense resistor), connect to pack negative CHG 1 O Charge MOSFET control (active-high, enables current flow) CSBAT 9 IA Current sense input (safety), connect to battery negative CSPACK 10 IA Current sense input (safety), connect to pack negative DSG 2 O Discharge MOSFET control (active-high, low opens MOSFET) EFCIC 4 I External charge MOSFET control input EFCID 5 I External discharge MOSFET control input LED1 32 IO LED1 – active-low LED2 33 IO LED2 – active-low LED3 34 IO LED3 – active-low LED4 35 IO LED4 – active-low LED5 36 IO LED5 – active-low LEDEN 31 IO LEDEN – common-anode drive (active-high) OSCI 11 I External oscillator input (optional) OSCO 12 O External oscillator output (optional)

TERMINAL FUNCTIONS

DESCRIPTION

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

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.................................................................................................................................... SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008

TERMINAL FUNCTIONS (continued)

NAME NO. TYPE

P1N 15 O Charge-balance gate drive, cell 1 north P2S 16 O Charge-balance gate drive, cell 2 south P2N 17 O Charge-balance gate drive, cell 2 north P3N 21 O Charge-balance gate drive, cell 3 north P3S 20 O Charge-balance gate drive, cell 3 south P4N 23 O Charge-balance gate drive, cell 4 north P4S 22 O Charge-balance gate drive, cell 4 south P-LAN 24 IO PowerLAN I/O to external bq76PL10x nodes PRE 3 O Pre-Charge MOSFET control (active-high.) RSTN 25 I Device reset, active-low SDI1 14 I Connect to SDO0 via a capacitor SDI3 19 I Internal PowerLAN connection – connect to SDO2 SDO0 13 O Requires 100-k Ω pullup resistor to VLDO1 SDO2 18 O Internal PowerLAN connection – connect to SDI3 SELECT 29 O Auxiliary SPI control output SMBCLK 37 IO SMBus clock signal SMBDAT 38 IO SMBus data signal SPI-CLK 26 IO SPI port clock SPI-DI 27 I SPI master-out-slave-in SPI-DO 28 O SPI master-in-slave-out SPROT 30 O Secondary protection output, active-high (FUSE) V1 47 IA Cell-1 positive input V2 44 IA Cell-2 positive input V3 42 IA Cell-3 positive input V4 39 IA Cell-4 positive input VLDO1 8 P Internal LDO-1 output, bypass with capacitor VLDO2 43 P Internal LDO-2 output, bypass with capacitor VSS 48 IA Cell-1 negative input XT1 46 IA External temperature-sensor-1 input XT2 45 IA External temperature-sensor-2 input XT3 41 IA External temperature-sensor-3 input XT4 40 IA External temperature-sensor-4 input – – P Thermal pad. Connect to VSS

(2) SPI functionality requires a firmware option, consult the factory for additional information.

(1)

(2)

(2) (2)

DESCRIPTION

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008 ....................................................................................................................................

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

(1)

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over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)

RANGE UNITS

stg

V4 – V3 Maximum cell voltage – 0.5 to 5.0 V V3 – V2 Maximum cell voltage – 0.5 to 5.0 V V2 – V1 Maximum cell voltage – 0.5 to 5.0 V V1 – VSS Maximum cell voltage – 0.5 to 5.0 V Voltage on LED1 – LED5, CCBAT,

CCPACK, CSBAT, CSPACK, XT1, XT2, OSCI, OSCO, SDIx, SDOx, SPROT, P-LAN

Voltage on XT3, XT4, LEDEN Maximum voltage range V EFCIC, EFCID With respect to VSS – 0.5 to 5.5 V

Voltage on SMBCLK, SMBDAT With respect to VSS – 0.5 to 6 V Voltage on PRE, CHG, DSG With respect to VSS – 0.5 to (VLDO1 + 0.5) V Current through PRE, CHG, DSG,

LED1 – LED5, P-LAN VLDO1 maximum current Maximum current draw from VLDO 20 mA

ESD tolerance 2 kV Lead temperature, soldering Total time < 3 seconds 300 ° C

(1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings

only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Operating free-air temperature (ambient) – 40 to 85 ° C Storage temperature – 65 to 150 ° C

Maximum voltage on any I/O pin V

Maximum current source/sink 20 mA

JEDEC, JESD22-A114 human-body model, R = 1500 Ω , C = 100 pF

(VSS – 0.5) to

(VLDO1 + 0.5)

(V2 – 0.5) to

(VLDO2 + 0.5)

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

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.................................................................................................................................... SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

TA= – 40 ° C to 85 ° C (unless otherwise noted)

DC Characteristics

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

(1)

CELL

STBY

SHIP

ECUV

Operating range Cells balanced 2.3 4.5 V Operating-mode current Measure / report state 250 µ A Standby-mode current SMBCLK = SMBDAT = L 100 µ A Ship-mode current 30 µ A Extreme cell under voltage All cells < 2.7 V and any cell < ECUV set

shutdown current point General I/O pins IOL< 4 mA 0 0.5 V

(2)

General I/O pins IOH< – 4 mA V

– 0.1 V

LDO1

General I/O pins 0.25 V General I/O pins 0.75 V

LDO1

1 µ A

LDO1

(1) Device remains operational to 1.85 V with reduced accuracy and performancce. (2) Does not apply to SMBus pins.

Voltage-Measurement Characteristics

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Measurement range 2.5 4.5 V Resolution < 1 mV

Accuracy mV

25 ° C ± 5 0 ° C to 60 ° C ± 10

V V

Current-Sense Characteristics

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Measurement range Input offset TA= 25 ° C ± 50 µ V Offset drift TA= 0 ° C to 60 ° C 0.5 µ V/ ° C Resolution 18 µ V Full-scale error Full-scale error drift TA= 0 ° C to 60 ° C 50 PPM/ ° C

(1) Default range. Corresponds to ± 10 A using a 10-m Ω sense resistor. Other gains and ranges are available (eight options). (2) After calibration. Accuracy is dependent on system calibration and temperature coefficient of sense resistor.

Coulomb-Counter Characteristics

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)

Resolution 5 nVh Intergral nonlinearity 0.008% Snap-to-zero (deadband) ± 100

(1) Shares common input with Current Sense section (2) After calibration. Accuracy is dependent on system calibration and temperature coefficient of sense resistor. (3) Corresponds to 20 mA using 5-m Ω sense resistor

(1)

(2)

TA= 25 ° C ± 0.1%

(1) (2)

– 0.2 0.2 V

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

(3)

µ V

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008 ....................................................................................................................................

Current-Sense (Safety) Characteristics

(1)

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over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Measurement range – 0.312 0.312 V

Resolution mV

Short-circuit detection 10 Overcurrent detection, charge and discharge 1.25

(1) Post calibration: Dependent on system calibration and temperature coefficient of sense resistor. Uncertainty 1.5 LSB.

Internal Temperature-Sensor Characteristics

(1)

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Measurement range – 30 85 ° C Resolution 0.1 ° C Accuracy

(1)

– 30 ° to 85 ° ± 1 ° C

(1) After calibration.

External Temperature-Sensor(s) Typical Characteristics

(1)

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Measurement range Resolution 0.2 ° C

Accuracy

(3)

(1) Typical for dual diode (MMBD4148 or equivalent) external sensor using recommended circuit. (2) Range of diode sensors may exceed operational limits of IC and battery cells. (3) Typical behavior after calibration, final result dependent on specific component characteristics.

(2)

– 40 90 ° C

25 ° ± 1 0 ° to 85 ° ± 2

° C

SMBus Characteristics

(1)

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

SCL

(2)

(1) SMBus timing and signals meet the SMBus 2.0 specification requirements under normal operating conditions. All signals are measured

with respect to PACK-negative.

(2) Pullups are typically implemented external to battery pack, and are selected to meet SMBus requirements.

Input low voltage 0 0.8 V Input high voltage 2.1 5.5 V Output low voltage 350- µ A sink current 0 0.4 V Capacitance, each I/O pin 10 pF SCLK nominal clock frequency TA= 25 ° C 100 kHz

5 V nominal 13.3 45.3

Pullup resistors for SCLK, SDATA k Ω

BUS

3 V nominal 2.4 6.8

BUS

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

PowerLAN

GatewayBattery

Management

Controller

PRE

PACK+

–

SPI-DI

SMBCLK

SMBDAT

SENSE

PACK–

XT1–XT4 Temperature Sensor(typ.)

SPROT

LED1–LED5

Typicalsix-cellconfigurationshown. AdditionalcellsaddedviaPowerLANconnection. Somecomponentsomittedforclarity.

SPI-DO

VLDO2

RFI

VLDO1

RSTN

SDO2

SDI3

EFCID

EFCIC

Oneof4external sensorsshown

SPI-CLK

P-LAN

CELL 6

CELL 5

SDI1

SDO0

SELECT

Level-ShiftCircuits

CHG

DSG

PRE

ESDProtection

SMBus

SPI

AuxFET

Control

ThermalPad

VSS

CSBAT

CCBAT

CCPACK

CSP

ACK

CellBalancing

Circuits

CellBalancingCircuits

bq76PL102

CELL 4

CELL 3

CELL 2

CELL 1

S0342-02

bq78PL114

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.................................................................................................................................... SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008

Figure 4. bq78PL114 Simplified Example Circuit Diagram

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008 ....................................................................................................................................

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FEATURE SET

Primary (First-Level) Safety Features

The bq78PL114 implements a breadth of system protection features which are easily configured by the customer. First-level protections work by controlling the MOSFET switches. These include:

• Battery cell over/undervoltage protection

• Pack over/undervoltage protection

• Charge and discharge overcurrent protection

• Short-circuit protection

• External MOSFET control inputs (EFCIx) with programmable polarity

• Up to four external temperature inputs for accurate cell and MOSFET monitoring

• Watchdog timer protection

• Brownout detection and protection against extreme pack undervoltage

Secondary (Second-Level) Safety Features

The bq78PL114 can detect more serious system faults and activate the SPROT pin, which can be used to open an in-line chemical fuse to permanently disable the pack. Secondary optional features include

• Fully independent of first-level protections

• SmartSafety algorithms for early detection of potential faults

– Temperature abnormalities (variances, extremes, rate of change, etc.) – Disconnected cell voltage inputs – Cell imbalance exceeds safety limits – Impedance rise due to cell or weld strap fault

• MOSFET failure or loss of MOSFET control

• Safety overvoltage, pack and cell

• Safety overtemperature, limits for both charge and discharge

• Safety overcurrent, charge and discharge

• Failed current measurement, voltage measurement, or temperature measurement

Charge Control Features

• Meets SMBus 2.0 and Smart Battery System (SBS) Specification 1.1 requirements

• Active cell balancing using patented PowerPump technology, which eliminates unrecoverable capacity loss

due to normal cell imbalance

• Balancing-current monitoring to detect cell problems

• Simultaneous, synchronous measurement of all cell voltages in a pack

• Simultaneous, synchronous measurement of pack current with cell voltages

• Reports target charging current and/or voltage to an SBS Smart Charger

• Reports the chemical state-of-charge for each cell and pack

• Supports precharging and zero-volt charging with separate MOSFET control

• Programmable, Chemistry-specific parameters

• Fault reporting

Gas Gauging

• The bq78PL114 accurately reports battery cell and pack state-of-charge (SOC). No full charge/discharge cycle is required for accurate reporting.

• State-of-charge is reported via SMBus and optional LED display.

• 18-bit integrating delta-sigma ADC coulomb counter, with programmable snap-to-zero value

LED Display

• The bq78PL114 drives a three- to five-egment LED display in response to a pushbutton (LEDEN) input signal. Each LED pin can sink up to 10 mA.

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

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.................................................................................................................................... SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008

Lifetime Data Logging (Readable via SMBus or SPI)

• Recording of faults, events, anomalies, minimum and maximum values

• Maximum/minimum temperature

• Maximum/minimum pack voltage

• Maximum/minimum cell voltages

• Maximum charge and discharge currents

Forensic Data Logging (Readable via SMBus or SPI)

• Last known full capacity of each cell

• Cycle count and/or cumulative number of ampere-hours delivered by the battery

• Battery pack status: being charged, discharged, or at rest

• Balancing effort required by each bank of cells to maintain balance

• Information for each cell bank for period leading up to failure

• Last 10 failures causing first-level safety action

• Forensic data up-loadable to host CPU via SMBus or SPI

• Forensic data recording of anomalies and events

Power Modes

• Normal Mode: The bq78PL114 performs measurements and calculations, makes decisions, and updates internal data approximately once per second. All safety circuitry is fully functional in this mode.

• Standby Mode: The bq78PL114 performs as in normal mode, but at a dramatically reduced rate to lower power consumption at times when the host computer is inactive or the battery system is not being used. All

safety circuitry remains fully functional in this mode.

• Ship Mode: The bq78PL114 disables (opens) all the protection MOSFETs, and continues to monitor temperature and voltage, but at a reduced measurement rate to dramatically lower power consumption. Environmental data is saved in flash as a part of the historical record. Safety circuitry is disabled in this mode. The device does not enter this power state as a part of normal operation; it is intended for use after factory programming and test. Entry occurs only after a unique SMBus or SPI command is issued. Exit occurs when the SMBus or SPI lines return to an active state.

• Extreme Cell Undervoltage (ECUV) Shutdown Mode: In this mode, the bq78PL114 draws minimal current and the charge and discharge protection MOSFETs are disabled (opened). The precharge MOSFET remains enabled when a charge voltage is present. Safety circuitry is disabled in this mode. The device does not enter this mode as a part of normal operation; it enters this state during extreme cell undervoltage conditions (ECUV). The ECUV threshold is fully programmable below 2.7V.

STATE ENTRY CONDITION EXIT CONDITION

Active < 250 µ A Fully active

Standby < 150 µ A Fully active Load activity Ship < 40 µ A Not active Protected SMBus or SPI command SMBus or SPI becomes active Extreme cell Vcell charge above ECUV recovery

undervoltage threshold (2.7 V/cell typical)

CURRENT OVERCURRENT

DRAW (Typ) PROTECTION

Normal operation as determined by Firmware directed to the following firmware operating modes

No load current flowing for predetermined time

Not active

< 1 µ A (precharge Enabled when Vcell < ECUV

enabled)

OPERATION

The bq78PL114 battery management controller serves as the master controller for a Li-Ion battery system consisting of up to 12 cells in series. Any number may be connected in parallel; other system or safety issues limit the number of parallel cells. The bq78PL114 provides extraordinarily precise state-of-charge gas gauging along with first and second level pack safety functions. Voltage and current measurements are performed synchronously and simultaneously for all cells in the system, allowing a level of precision not previously possible

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008 ....................................................................................................................................

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in battery management. Temperature is measured by up to four additional external temperature sensors, for a total of five independent measurement points. (Additional cell temperature sensors are available in remote bq76PL102 dual-cell battery monitors.) Coulomb counting is captured continuously by a dedicated 18-bit integrating delta-sigma ADC in the bq78PL114. The CPU in the bq78PL114 is also responsible for system data calculations, black-box forensic data storage, and communicating parameters via the SMBus or SPI interface.

PowerLAN Communication Link

PowerLAN technology is Texas Instruments ’ patented serial network and protocol designed specifically for battery management in a multicell system environment. The PowerLAN link is used to initiate and report measurements of cell voltage and temperature, and control cell balancing. The bq78PL114 serves as the master controller of the PowerLAN link and can interface to multiple bq76PL102 dual-cell battery monitors, which measure and balance additional cells. The bq78PL114 monitors the first three or four cells, and bq76PL102s can be added to monitor more series cells.

The PowerLAN link isolates voltages from adjacent bq76PL102 devices to permit high-voltage stack assembly without compromising precision and accuracy. The PowerLAN link is expandable to support up to 12 cells in series. Each bq76PL102 handles voltage and temperature measurements, as well as balancing for two cells. The PowerLAN link provides high ESD tolerance and high immunity to noise generated by nearby digital circuitry or switching currents. Each bq76PL102 has both a PowerLAN input and PowerLAN output: Received data is buffered and retransmitted, permitting high numbers of nodes without loss of signal fidelity. Signals are capacitor-coupled between nodes, providing dc isolation.

Safety

Unique in the battery-management controller market, the bq78PL114 simultaneously measures voltage and current using independent and highly accurate delta-sigma ADCs. This technique removes virtually all systemic noise from measurements, which are made during all modes of battery operation: charge, discharge, and rest. The bq78PL114 also directs all connected bq76PL102 dual-cell battery monitors to measure each cell voltage simultaneously with the bq78PL114 measurements. Battery impedance and self-discharge characteristics are thus measured with an unprecedented level of accuracy in real time. The bq78PL114 applies this precise information to SmartSafety algorithms to detect certain anomalies and conditions which may be indicative of internal cell faults, before they become serious problems.

The bq78PL114 uses its enhanced measurement system to detect system faults including cell under- and overvoltage, cell under- and overtemperature, system overvoltage, and system overcurrent. First-level safety algorithms first attempt to open the MOSFET safety switches. If this fails, second-level safety algorithms activate the SPROT output, normally used to open a fuse and provide permanent, hard protection for the systems. External MOSFET control inputs with programmable polarity can also be used to operate the safety MOSFETs under control of user supplied circuitry. The bq78PL114 continuously monitors these inputs. If any MOSFET fails to open when commanded; the 2

level safety algorithms also activate the SPROT output. All first- and

second-level safety algorithms have fully programmable time delays to prevent false triggering.

Cell Balancing

Patented PowerPump cell balancing technology drastically increases the useful life of battery packs by eliminating the cycle life fade of multi-cell packs due to cell imbalance. PowerPump technology efficiently transfers charge from cell to cell, rather than simply bleeding off charging energy as heat as is typically done with resistive-bleed balancing circuits. Balancing is configurable and may be performed during any battery operational modes: charge, discharge, or rest. Compared to resistive bleed balancing, virtually no energy is lost as heat. The actual balance current is externally scalable and can range from 10 mA to 1 A (100 mA typical) depending on component selection and system or cell requirements.

A variety of techniques, such as simple terminal voltage, terminal voltage corrected for impedance and temperature effects, or state-of-charge balancing, is easily implemented by the bq78PL114. In some cases, chemistry-specific algorithms are available. By tracking the balancing required by individual cells, overall battery safety is enhanced, often allowing early detection of soft shorts or other cell failures. Balancing is achieved between all cells within the pack as dynamically determined by the bq78PL114.

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

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.................................................................................................................................... SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008

Outputs

Charge Control

The CHG and PRE outputs are ordinarily used to drive MOSFET transistors controlling charge to the cell stack. Charge or precharge mode is selected based on the present cell voltage compared to the user-definable cell precharge, undervoltage, and temperature thresholds. When below these limits, the PRE signal is active and the CHG signal is inactive. This turns on the precharge MOSFET and is used to charge a depleted system through a current-limiting series resistor. When all cell voltages are above the limit and the temperature is above the charge temperature minimum, then the CHG output also becomes active and enables the charge MOSFET to turn on, providing a high-current path between charger and battery cells.

The CHG and PRE MOSFET control outputs are both disabled (low) when any cell reaches the safety cutoff limit or temperature threshold. During active charging modes (and above cell voltage thresholds), the discharge MOSFET is also enabled to avoid excessive heating of the body diode. Similarly, the charge MOSFET is active during discharge, provided current flow is in the correct direction and no safety violations are present.

The CHG and PRE outputs are intended to drive buffer transistors acting as inverting level shifters.

Discharge Control

The DSG output operates similarly to control-system discharging. It is enabled (high) by default. If a cell voltage falls below a programmable threshold, or excessive current or other safety related fault is sensed, the DSG output is disabled (low) to prevent damage to the cells.

All facets of safely charging and discharging the cell stack are controlled by user-definable parameters which provide precise control over MOSFET states. Both system and cell over- and undervoltage limits are provided, as well as programmable hysteresis to prevent oscillation. Temperature and current thresholds are also provided, each with independent timers to prevent nuisance activations.

LEDEN

LEDEN is a dual-function pin. One function is to provide output current to the LED display array. It also serves as an input that monitors for closure of a state-of-charge indicator (SOCi) push-button switch.

LED SOCi Outputs

LED1 – LED5 are current-sinking outputs designed to drive low-current LEDs. The LEDs can be activated by the LEDEN pin via a pushbutton switch. They can be configured (using SBS parameters) to operate in bar or dot mode and to use three to five LEDs to represent state-of-charge information.

Inputs

Current Measurement

Current is monitored by four separate ADCs. All use the same very low-value sense resistor, typically either 5 or 10 milliohms in series with the pack negative connection. CCBAT and CCPACK connections to the sense resistor use an R/C filter for noise reduction. (CSBAT and CSPACK are direct connections used for secondary safety.) It is possible to use even lower values for the sense resistor in very high-current designs by employing external circuitry. Contact Texas Instruments directly for details.

A 14-bit delta-sigma ADC is used to measure current flow accurately in both directions. The measurements are taken simultaneously and synchronously with all the cell voltage measurements, even those cells measured by bq76PL102 dual-cell battery monitors.

Coulomb Counting

A dedicated coulomb counter is used to measure charge flow with 18 bit precision in both directions by a calibrated, integrating delta-sigma ADC. This allows the bq78PL114 to keep very accurate state-of-charge (SOC) information and battery statistics. A small deadband is applied to further reduce noise effects. The coulomb counter is unique in that it continues to accumulate (integrate) current flow in either direction even as the rest of the internal microcontroller is placed in a very low power state, further lowering power consumption without compromising system accuracy.

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008 ....................................................................................................................................

www.ti.com

Safety Current

Two additional ADCs are used to directly monitor for overcurrent or short-circuit current conditions, independently of the internal function. This provides a direct and rapid response to insure pack integrity and safe operation by opening the appropriate MOSFETs. These functions are implemented in hardware, and do not require firmware for functionality.

Voltage Measurement

Voltage measurement is performed by four independent delta-sigma ADCs which operate simultaneously and are triggered synchronously so that all voltages are read at precisely the same moment. The bq78PL114 coordinates the attached bq76PL102 dual-cell battery monitors so they also perform their cell voltage measurements in sync with the bq78PL114 voltage and current measurements. Voltage measurements are converted with better than 1 mV of resolution, providing superior accuracy. One-ADC-per-cell technology means that voltage is also measured simultaneously with current, permitting accurate, real-time cell impedance calculation during all operating conditions. This technique also provides greatly enhanced noise immunity and filtering of the input signal without signal loss.

Temperature Measurement

XT1 – XT4 are dedicated temperature inputs. Each external sensor consists of a low-cost silicon diode (dual diode in one package is recommended) and capacitor combination. XT1, multiplexed with the LED1 and LED2 inputs, is used to measure cells 1 and 3. XT2, multiplexed with the LED1 and LED2 inputs, is used to measure cells 2 and 4. XT3 is a dedicated IC-temperature sensor, which should be placed near the bq78PL114 IC. XT4 is dedicated to protection-MOSFET temperature and governed by safety rules. The sensor attached to XT4 should be placed near the pack-disconnect MOSFETs. Temperatures for cells 5 and above are measured by external bq76PL102(s), and the temperature data is received by the bq78PL114 over the PowerLAN link for processing. The bq78PL114 can report all of these temperatures individually and as an average. A single internal, integrated silicon sensor is also supplied in the bq78PL114.

Note that additional external temperature sensors can be added using bq76PL102 dual-cell battery monitors operating on the PowerLAN link. Each bq76PL102 contains one internal temperature monitor and two additional external temperature-sensor inputs (in addition to the two cell-voltage measurements and cell balancing).

EFCIx

The external MOSFET control inputs are for user control of MOSFETs based on external circuitry and conditions. The polarity of the input signal is user programmable. Two modes of operation are possible. The first mode is used to implement additional hardware safety inputs, and is used to force the protection MOSFETs to an OFF state. The polarity of the input signals is programmable. The inputs can also be used to control the MOSFETs directly through hardware, with no firmware operation required.

COMMUNICATIONS

SMBus

The bq78PL114 uses the industry-standard Smart Battery System ’ s two-wire System Management Bus (SMBus) communications protocol for all external communication. SMBus version 2.0 is supported by the bq78PL114, and includes clock stretching, bus fault time-out detection, and optional packet error checking (PEC). For additional information, see the www.smbus.org and www.sbs-forum.org Web sites.

SPI

The bq78PL114 provides a standard serial peripheral interface (SPI) port consisting of SELECT, SPI-DI, SPI-DO, and SPI-CLK signals. This port may be operated as a master or slave SPI port. A typical system configuration uses the bq78PL114 as a SPI slave device so that a host controller could access the various battery data using the industry-standard Smart Battery Data specification for content.

Alternatively, the SPI port may be operated as a master to allow the bq78PL114 to write selected system data to another device for use in an autonomous application.

Contact Texas Instruments for additional SPI options and details.

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

www.ti.com

.................................................................................................................................... SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008

Smart Battery Data (SBData)

The data content and formatting of the bq78PL114 information conforms to the Smart Battery System ’ s (SBS) Smart Battery Data specification, version 1.1. See the SBS/SMBus site at www.sbs-forum.com for further information regarding these specifications.

This SBS Data (SBData) specification defines read/write commands for accessing data commonly required in laptop computer applications. The commands are generic enough to be useful in most applications.

Because the bq78PL114 provides a wealth of control and battery information beyond the SBData standard, new command codes have been defined by Texas Instruments. In addition, new battery data features, such as state-of-health, use newly defined extended SBData command codes. Standard SMBus protocols are used, although additional data values beyond those defined by the Smart Battery Data specification are employed. (For example, the bq78PL114 typically is used in a multicell battery system and may report individual cell voltages for up to 12 cells. The SBData command set only defines four cell-voltage registers.)

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008 ....................................................................................................................................

SBS Standard Data Parameter List (Abridged)

Command Data Type Descripotion

00 R/W word (unsigned) Manufacturer Access 01 R/W word (unsigned) Remaining Capacity Alarm Level 02 R/W word (unsigned) Remaining Time Alarm Level 03 R/W word (unsigned) Battery Mode 04 R/W word (unsigned) At Rate value used in AtRate calculations 05 Read word (unsigned) At Rate Time to Full 06 Read word (unsigned) At Rate Time to Empty 07 Read word (Boolean) At Rate OK 08 Read word (unsigned) Pack Temperature (maximum of all individual cells) 09 Read word (unsigned) Pack Voltage (sum of individual cell readings) 0A Read word (unsigned) Pack Current 0B Read word (unsigned) Average Pack Current 0C Read word (unsigned) Max Error 0D Read word (unsigned) Relative State of Charge 0E Read word (unsigned) Absolute State of Charge 0F Read word (unsigned) Remaining Pack Capacity 10 Read word (unsigned) Full Charge Capacity 11 Read word (unsigned) Run Time to Empty 12 Read word (unsigned) Average Time to Empty 13 Read word (unsigned) Average Time to Full 14 Read word (unsigned) Charging Current 15 Read word (unsigned) Charging Voltage 16 Read word (unsigned) Battery Status 17 Read word (unsigned) Cycle Count 18 Read word (unsigned) Design Capacity 19 Read word (unsigned) Design Voltage 1A Read word (unsigned) Specification Information 1B Read word (unsigned) Manufacture Date 1C Read word (unsigned) Serial Number 1D – 1F Reserved 20 Read block (string) Pack Manufacturer Name (31 characters maximum) 21 Read block (string) Pack Device Name (31 characters maximum) 22 Read block (string) Pack Chemistry 23 Read block (string) Manufacturer Data 24 – 2E Reserved 2F R/W Block Optional Manufacturer Function 5 30 – 3B Reserved 3C R/W word (unsigned) Optional Manufacturer Function 4 (Vcell 4) 3D R/W word (unsigned) Optional Manufacturer Function 3 (Vcell 3) 3E R/W word (unsigned) Optional Manufacturer Function 2 (Vcell 2) 3F R/W word (unsigned) Optional Manufacturer Function 1 (Vcell 1) 40 – 45 Unused 46 – 47 Reserved 48 – 4F Unused 50 – 55 Reserved

(1) (2)

www.ti.com

(1) Parameters 0x00 – 0x3F are compatible with the SBDATA specification. (2) By default, the bq78PL114 initially responds to the SBData slave address < 0001 011R/W > (0x16, 0x17).

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

bq78PL114

www.ti.com

Command Data Type Descripotion

56 – 57 Unused 58 – 5A Reserved 5B – 5F Unused 60 – 62 Reserved 63 – 6F Unused 70 Reserved 71 – FF Unused

.................................................................................................................................... SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

equival

ent

resistance

UsedforSafetyEv

ents

UsedforDeviceTemp.

T1=CELL1TEMP.

T2=CELL2TEMP.

T3=CELL3TEMP

TEMP-FET

S=FETTEMP.&USEDFORSAFETY.

TEMP-PCB=TEMP.OFU4

stargroundpointl

ocatedatR3

KeepthisconnectiontoBA

-asshortandLowZaspossible.

CHG

DSG

PRE

EFCIC

EFCID

CCBAT

CCPACK

VLDO1

CSBAT

CSPACK

OSCI

OSCO

SDO0

SDI1

P1N

P2S

P2N

SDO2

SDI3

P3S

P3N

P4S

P4N

P-LAN

RSTN

SPI-CLK

SPI-DI

SPI-DO

SELECT

SPROT

LEDEN

LED1

LED2

LED3

LED4

LED5

SMBCLK

SMBDAT

XT4

XT3

VLDO2

XT2

XT1

VSS

TAB

bq78PL114

10uF

R44

10K

C38

0.1uF

C27

1000pF

C28

10uF

C43

0.1uF

1.0uF

100K

C11

1000pF

R28

4.7K

R27

4.7K

R49

100R

R50

100R

R54

100R

R55

100R

R43

1.0M

R51

1.0M

C40

1.0uF C39

1.0uF

C41

1.0uF

R10

R30

20K

R29

20K

C12

3300pF

C13

3300pF

Q1-A

FDC6327C

Q1-B

FDC6327C

4.7uH

C30

22uF

D10

MA21D3800L

SMBUS-PORT

0.005R

1.0M

5.6VDC

MMBD4148SE

1000pF

TEMP-PCB

MMBD4148SE

C45

1000pF

TEMP-FETS

MMBD4148SE

C46

1000pF

R11

20K

R12

20K

C14

3300pF

C15

3300pF

Q2-

FDC6327C

Q2-B

FDC6327C

4.7uH

MA21D3800L

PACK+

PACK

Q11

MMBFJ201

Q12

BC846ALT1G

Vcebr=65V

R53

560K

R56

200K

ZR2

12.0VDC

BZT52C12-7-F

R58

30K

R59

1.0M

Q13

MMBFJ201

BC846ALT1G

Vcebr=65V

R40

560K

R41

200K

ZR1

12.0VDC

BZT52C12-7-F

R45

30K

R46

1.0M

Q10

C60

0.1uF

C61

0.1uF

Q15

BC846ALT1G

Vcebr=65V

R17

1.0M

R52

30K

R60

1.0M

Q16

R18

22uF

R19

1.0M

R25

1.0M

D23

D24

D25

D26

D27

1000pF

Q14

BSS138

0.1uF

Q17

FDV304P

100K

MMBD4148SE

1000pF

MMBD4148SE

C16

1000pF

C42

0.1uF

C50

0.1uF

CELL1

CELL2

CELL3

VSS

VLDO1

VSS

VLDO1

S001

bq78PL114

SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008 ....................................................................................................................................

REFERENCE SCHEMATIC (3 Series Cells)

www.ti.com

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

equivalent

resistance

UsedforSafet

yEv

ents

UsedforDeviceTemp.

T1=CELL1TEMP.

T2=CELL2TEMP.

T3=CELL3TEMP.

T4=CELL4TEMP.

T5=CELL5TEMP

T6=CELL6TEMP.

T7=CELL7TEMP.

T8=CELL8TEMP.

TEMP-FETS=FETTEMP.&USEDFORSAFETY

TEMP-PCB=TEMP.OFU4

stargroundpoint

located

atR3

Keepthis connection toBATT

-asshortandLowZaspossibl

CHG

DSG

PRE

EFCIC

EFCID

CCBAT

CCPACK

VLDO1

CSBAT

CSPACK

OSCI

OSCO

SDO0

SDI1

P1N

P2S

P2N

SDO2

SDI3

P3S

P3N

P4S

P4N

P-LAN

RSTN

SPI-CLK

SPI-DI

SPI-DO

SELECT

SPROT

LEDEN

LED1

LED2

LED3

LED4

LED5

SMBCLK

SMBDA

XT4

XT3

VLDO2

XT2

XT1

VSS

TAB

bq78PL114

10uF

R44

10K

C38

0.1uF

C27

1000pF

C28

10uF

C43

0.1uF

1.0uF

100K

C11

1000pF

R28

4.7K

R27

4.7K

R49

100R

R50

100R

10uF

C10

1000pF

R54

100R

R55

100R

R43

1.0M

R51

1.0M

TMD

TCK

TDI

P2N

P2S

P1N

P1S

VLDO

VPP

SDO

SDI

TAB

VSS

BQ76PL102

C40

1.0uF

C44

1.0uF

C39

1.0uF

C41

1.0uF

R10

R30

20K

R29

20K

C12

3300pF

C13

3300pF

Q1-A

FDC6327C

Q1-B

FDC6327C

4.7uH

C30

22uF

D10

MA21D3800L

SMBUS-PORT

0.005R

1.0M

5.6VDC

MMBD4148SE

1000pF

MMBD4148SE

C37

1000pF

TEMP-PCB

MMBD4148SE

C45

1000pF

TEMP-FETS

MMBD4148SE

C46

1000pF

R11

20K

R12

20K

C14

3300pF

C15

3300pF

Q2-A

FDC6327C

Q2-B

FDC6327C

4.7uH

MA21D3800L

R13

R14

20K

R15

20K

C17

3300pF

C18

3300pF

Q3-A

FDC6327C

Q3-B

FDC6327C

4.7uH

C19

22uF

MA21D3800L

R16

R20

20K

R24

20K

C21

3300pF

C22

3300pF

Q4-A

FDC6327C

Q4-B

FDC6327C

4.7uH

C23

22uF

D11

MA21D3800L

D12

MA21D3800L

R31

R32

20K

R33

20K

C20

3300pF

C24

3300pF

Q5-

FDC6327C

Q5-B

FDC6327C

4.7uH

C25

22uF

D13

MA21D3800L

D14

MA21D3800L

R34

R35

20K

R36

20K

C32

3300pF

C33

3300pF

Q6-

FDC6327C

Q6-B

FDC6327C

4.7uH

C34

22uF

D15

MA21D3800L

D16

MA21D3800L

R37

R38

20K

R39

20K

C35

3300pF

C36

3300pF

Q7-

FDC6327C

Q7-B

FDC6327C

4.7uH

C47

22uF

D17

MA21D3800L

D18

MA21D3800L

C29

10uF

C51

10uF

MMBD4148SE

C52

1000pF

MMBD4148SE

C53

1000pF

C48

1000pF

C49

10uF

TMD

TCK

TDI

P2N

P2S

P1N

P1S

VLDO

VPP

SDO

SDI

TAB

VSS

BQ76PL102

C54

10uF

C55

10uF

MMBD4148SE

C56

1000pF

MMBD4148SE

C57

1000pF

ACK+

PACK-

Q11

MMBFJ201

Q12

BC846ALT1G

Vcebr=65V

R53

560K

R56

200K

ZR2

12.0VDC

BZT52C12-7-F

R58

30K

R59

1.0M

Q13

IRF4905PBF

MMBFJ201

BC846ALT1G

Vcebr=65V

R40

560K

R41

200K

ZR1

12.0VDC

BZT52C12-7-F

R45

30K

R46

1.0M

Q10

IRF4905PBF

C60

0.1uF

C61

0.1uF

Q15

BC846ALT1G

Vcebr=65V

R17

1.0M

R52

30K

R60

1.0M

Q16

STB16NF06LT4

R18

22uF

R19

1.0M

R25

1.0M

D23

D24

D25

D26

D27

1000pF

Q14

BSS138

0.1uF

Q17

FDV304P

100K

MMBD4148SE

1000pF

MMBD4148SE

C16

1000pF

C42

0.1uF

C50

0.1uF

CELL1

CELL2

CELL3

CELL4

CELL5

CELL6

CELL7

CELL8

VSS

VLDO1

VSS

VLDO1

S002

bq78PL114

www.ti.com

.................................................................................................................................... SLUS850A – SEPTEMBER 2008 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2008

REFERENCE SCHEMATIC (8 Series Cells)

Product Folder Link(s): bq78PL114

PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM

www.ti.com

1-Oct-2008

PACKAGING INFORMATION

Orderable Device Status

(1)

Package

Type

Package

Drawing

Pins Package

Qty

Eco Plan

BQ78PL114RGZR ACTIVE QFN RGZ 48 2500 TBD Call TI Call TI BQ78PL114RGZT ACTIVE QFN RGZ 48 250 TBD Call TI Call TI

(1)

The marketing status values are defined as follows:

ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in

a new design.

PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.

(2)

Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check

http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details.

TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements

for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material)

(2)

Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp

(3)

MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder

temperature.

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In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.

Addendum-Page 1

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TEXAS INSTRUMENTS bq78PL114 Technical data

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

FEATURES APPLICATIONS

DESCRIPTION

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED)

AVAILABLE OPTIONS

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

DC Characteristics

Voltage-Measurement Characteristics

Current-Sense Characteristics

Coulomb-Counter Characteristics

Current-Sense (Safety) Characteristics

Internal Temperature-Sensor Characteristics

External Temperature-Sensor(s) Typical Characteristics

SMBus Characteristics

FEATURE SET

Primary (First-Level) Safety Features

Secondary (Second-Level) Safety Features

Charge Control Features

Gas Gauging

LED Display

Lifetime Data Logging (Readable via SMBus or SPI)

Forensic Data Logging (Readable via SMBus or SPI)

Power Modes

OPERATION

PowerLAN Communication Link

Safety

Cell Balancing

Outputs

Inputs

COMMUNICATIONS

SMBus

Smart Battery Data (SBData)

SBS Standard Data Parameter List (Abridged)

REFERENCE SCHEMATIC (3 Series Cells)

REFERENCE SCHEMATIC (8 Series Cells)