Texas Instruments BA II PLUS User guide



BA II PLUS™

Calculator

Important

Texas Instruments makes no warranty, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, regarding any programs or book materials and makes such materials available solely on an “as-is” basis.

In no event shall Texas Instruments be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these materials, and the sole and exclusive liability of Texas Instruments, regardless of the form of action, shall not exceed the purchase price of this calculator. Moreover, Texas Instruments shall not be liable for any claim of any kind whatsoever against the use of these materials by any other party.

US FCC Information Concerning Radio Frequency Interference

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference with radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, you can try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

•

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

•

Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

•

Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

•

Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for help.

Caution:

approved by Texas Instruments may void your authority to operate the equipment.

Any changes or modifications to this equipment not expressly

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 1

Turning the Calculator On and Off

Resetting the Calculator

Keys and 2nd Functions

The Display

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Display Indicators

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Setting Calculator Formats

Clearing the Calculator

Correcting Entry Errors

Math Operations

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Appendix: Reference Information 115

Formulas

Error Conditions

Accuracy Information

IRR Calculations

AOSé (Algebraic Operating System) Calculations

Battery Information

In Case of Difficulty

Texas Instruments (TI) Support and Service Information

Texas Instruments (TI) Warranty Information

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116

125

128

129

131

132

133

134

135

Index 137

Overview of Calculator Operations

This chapter contains information on:

•

Basic calculator operation

•

Clearing and correcting

•

Math operations

•

Memory

•

Last Answer

•

Worksheets

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 1

Turning the Calculator On and Off

Turning the Calculator On

Press

to turn the calculator on.

•

If you turned the calculator off by pressing calculator returns to operation in the standard-calculator mode. A value of zero is displayed and the values in all of the worksheets are the same as you left them, as are the formats for numbers, angle units, dates, separators, and calculation method.

•

If the APD™ feature turned the calculator off, the calculator, including the display and any error condition, returns exactly as you left it.

, the

Turning the Calculator Off

When you press

•

The displayed value is cleared.

•

Any unfinished standard-calculator operation is canceled.

•

Any worksheet calculation in progress is canceled.

•

Any error condition is cleared.

•

The Constant Memory™ feature retains all worksheet values and settings, including the contents of the 10 memories and all format settings.

to turn the calculator off:

Automatic Power Down™ (APD™) Feature

To prolong the life of the battery, the Automatic Power Down (APD) feature turns the calculator off automatically if you do not press any key for approximately 10 minutes.

2 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

Resetting the Calculator

Resetting the calculator restores all default settings and clears all data. Because you can clear only selected portions of data, you should reserve the reset function for appropriate situations. You might choose to reset when you first purchase the calculator or when you start a new project.

Effects of Resetting

•

Clears the display and any unfinished calculation.

•

Clears all 10 memories.

•

Clears all worksheet data and restores the default settings. (For information on specific worksheets, refer to the specific worksheet chapters.)

•

Returns the calculator to the standard-calculator mode.

Alternatives to Resetting

Before resetting the calculator, consider the other methods for clearing described in this chapter. For example, if you need to clear only one worksheet, you can do so without resetting.

Procedure: Resetting the Calculator

If necessary, first press P to clear any error condition.

쐃

Press &

RST ?

쐇

To reset the calculator, press

}

and the

indicator are displayed.

ENTER

RST

and

0.00

are

displayed.

To cancel the reset operation instead, press

Note:

displayed.

& U

0.00

The calculator is in standard-calculator mode.

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 3

Keys and 2nd Functions

The primary function of each key is printed on the key. For example, press

Some keys provide a secondary function. which is printed in yellow above the key. When you press &, the character, abbreviation, or word printed above a key becomes active for the next keystroke. For example, press & U to leave a worksheet and return to standard-calculator mode.

The Display

The display shows entries and results with up to 10 digits. The indicators along the top of the display provide information about the status of the calculator and tell you what keys are available at different times.

ABC

represents the spaces where the three-letter abbreviations

for the variable labels are displayed.

to turn the calculator on or off.

4 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

Display Indicators

Indicator Meaning

2nd

INV

HYP

COMPUTE

ENTER

SET

# $

DEL

INS

BGN

RAD





The calculator will access the second function of the next key pressed.

The calculator will access the inverse function of the next key or key sequence pressed.

The calculator will access the hyperbolic function of the next key or key sequence pressed.

You can compute a value for the displayed variable by pressing

You can enter a value for the displayed variable by keying in a value and pressing

The displayed variable is a setting that you can change by pressing & V.

You can press " to view previous variables in the current worksheet or # to view subsequent variables.

You can press & W to delete a cash flow or a statistical data point.

You can press & X to insert a cash flow or a statistical data point.

You have selected beginning-of-period payments for TVM calculations. If the in the TVM worksheet, end-of-period payments are selected.

The calculator is in the radian mode. All angle values are displayed and must be entered as radians. If the not displayed, all angle values are displayed and must be entered as degrees.

The displayed value has been entered in a worksheet. After a computation, the  indicators are cleared.

The displayed value has been computed in a worksheet. If you make a change to the worksheet that invalidates a previously computed value, the  indicator is removed from that value.

The displayed value is “assigned” to the variable represented by the label in the display. If the = indicator is not displayed, the displayed value is not assigned to the displayed variable.

The displayed value is negative.

indicator is not displayed when you are

BGN

RAD

indicator is

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 5

Setting Calculator Formats

You can set formats for five aspects of the calculator.

Format Options Default

Number of decimal places

Angle units degrees (

Dates

Number separatorsUS format 1,000.00 or

Calculation method

The sections that follow give details about each format and instructions for changing the format.

Number of Decimal Places

The calculator internally stores numeric values to an accuracy of 13 digits. You can specify the number of decimal places to be displayed. The default is two decimal places, rounding if necessary.

The decimal format setting affects only the display; it does not round the internal value, except for amortization and depreciation results. To round the internal value, use the round function.

Examples in this guidebook assume a setting of two decimal

Note:

places. Other settings may show different results.

0 – 9 (floating-decimal format = 9)

format mm-dd-yyyy or

(European) format dd-mm-yyyy

(European) format 1.000,00

Chn

(chain) or

Operating System) calculations

DEG

) or radians (

AOS

Eur

™

(Algebraic

places

RAD)DEG

(degrees)

Chn

format

(chain)

6 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

Procedure: Changing the Number of Decimal Places

쐃

Press &

is displayed with the current

DEC=

decimal-place setting.

쐇

Enter the number of decimal places to be displayed (0 through 9) and press

. To specify a floating-decimal

format, enter 9.

쐋

Choose one of the following to continue:

To continue setting formats, press #.

To return to the standard-calculator mode, press &

To access a worksheet, press the appropriate worksheet key or key sequence.

Angle Unit Format

You can enter and display angle values in either degrees or radians. You can specify which method you require.

The default setting for angle units is degrees. There is no display indicator for this setting. However, if you specify radians, the

indicator is displayed in the upper right-hand

RAD

corner of the display.

Procedure: Changing the Angle Unit Format

쐃

If necessary, press &

| #

The most recently selected angle-units format is displayed, either

쐇

Press & V repeatedly to set either

쐋

Choose one of the following to continue:

To continue setting formats, press # or ".

To return to the standard-calculator mode, press &

To access a worksheet, press the appropriate worksheet

DEG

RAD

DEG

RAD

key or key sequence.

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 7

Date Format

Both the Bond and Date worksheets use dates. You can select either the US or the European display format. The default setting for dates is the US format.

US format (US): Month Day Year

12 - 31 - 1990

European format (

EUR

): Day Month Year

31 - 12 - 1990

Procedure: Changing the Date Format

쐃

If necessary, press &

| # #

The most recently selected date format is displayed, either

쐇

Press & V repeatedly to select either

쐋

Choose one of the following to continue:

To continue setting formats, press # or ".

To return to the standard-calculator mode, press &

To access a worksheet, press the appropriate worksheet

EUR

key or key sequence.

8 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

Separator Format

You can select either the US or the European format for the display of separators in numbers. The default setting for separators is the US format.

US and UK format (US):

European format (

EUR

1,000.00

1.000,00

Procedure: Changing the Separator Format

쐃

If necessary, press &

| # # #

The most recently selected separator format is displayed, either

쐇

Press & V repeatedly to select either

쐋

Choose one of the following to continue:

EUR

To continue setting formats, press # or ". To return to the standard-calculator mode, press & To access a worksheet, press the appropriate worksheet

key or key sequence.

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 9

Calculation Method

You can select either the chain calculation method or the

AOS

(algebraic operating system) calculation method. The default setting for calculation method is chain (

When the calculation method is set to

Chn

(chain), the

Chn

calculator solves problems in the order that you enter them. This calculation method is used in most financial calculators.

For example, in

when you enter 3 H 2 < 4 N, the answer is

Chn

20 (3 + 2 = 5, 5 * 4 = 20).

When the calculation method is set to

(the algebraic

AOS

operating system), the calculator solves problems according to the standard rules of algebraic hierarchy. In AOS, multiplication and division operations are completed before addition and subtraction operations.

This calculation method is used in most scientific calculators.

For example, in

when you enter 3 H 2 < 4 N, the answer

AOS

is 11 (2 Q 4 = 8; 3 + 9 = 11). The multiplication operation is completed before the addition operation.

Procedure: Changing the Calculation Method

쐃

If necessary, press &

| # # # #

The most recently selected calculation method is displayed, either

(Chain) or

Chn

(Algebraic Operating System).

AOS

쐇

Press & V repeatedly to select either

쐋

Choose one of the following to continue:

To continue setting formats, press # or ".

To return to the standard-calculator mode, press &

To access a worksheet, press the appropriate worksheet

Chn

AOS

key or key sequence.

10 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

Clearing the Calculator

To clear . . . Keystrokes

. . . one character at a time from the display (including decimal points).

. . . an incorrect entry, an error condition, or an error message from the display.

. . . out of a worksheet and return to standard-calculator mode.

. . . all pending operations in the standard-calculator mode and display zero.

. . . in a worksheet, a value you have keyed into the display but not yet entered as a variable value. The previous value returns.

. . . any calculation you have started but have not yet completed.

. . . the TVM worksheet and return the values in the worksheet to a known starting point.

. . . any worksheet (not TVM) and return the values in the worksheet to a known starting point. Also returns you to the first variable in the worksheet.

. . . all 10 memories.

. . . one of the 10 memories without affecting the others.

& U

P P

& U & ^

& z

& { & z

Q D

key for the number of the memory (0–9)

and the

* When you are in a worksheet, press P repeatedly to return to standard-calculator

mode.

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 11

Correcting Entry Errors

If you enter an incorrect number but have not yet pressed an operation key (such as H or 4), you can correct the number without clearing the calculation.

•

Remove the last digit or decimal point from a number you have keyed in by pressing the backspace key * and then enter the correct digit.

•

Erase the entire number by pressing P once, then key in the correct number and continue with your calculation.

Pressing

Note:

pressed an operation key clears any calculation in progress.

Example: Correcting an Entry Error

Compute 3 Q 1234.56, but accidentally enter .86 instead of .56. Use * to correct the mistake, and then continue with your calculation.

Procedure Keystrokes Display

Clear the calculator.

Begin the expression.

Enter the second number incorrectly.

Erase the 86.

Complete the number correctly.

Compute the result.

to correct a numeric entry immediately after you have

& U

1234.86 1,234.86

* *

56 1,234.56

0.00

3.00

1,234.

3,703.68

12 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

Math Operations

When the calculation method is set to chain (

), mathematical

Chn

expressions, such as 3 + 2 Q 4, are evaluated in the order that you enter them. The N key completes an operation and displays the result.

Operation Example Keystrokes Display

Addition 6 + 4

Subtraction 6 N 4

Multiplication 6 Q 4

Division 6 P 4

Universal power 3

1.25

Parentheses 7 Q (3 + 5)

Percent 4% of $453

Percent ratio 14 is what percent of

25?

Percent add-on $498 + 7% sales tax

Percent discount $69.99 N 10% discount

Square 6.3

Combinations n = 52, r = 5

Permutations n = 8, r = 3

H 4

B 4

< 4

6 4

1.25

< 4 2

6 25 2

H 7

;

< 9 3 H 5 :

453 14

498

69.99

B 10

6.3 52

& s 5

& m 3

10.00

2.00

24.00

1.50

3.95

56.00

18.12

56.00

34.86

532.86

7.00

62.99

39.69

2,598,960.00

336.00

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 13

Math Operations (cont.)

Some operations are performed immediately and do not require that you press N.

Operation Example Keystrokes Display

Square root

15.5

Reciprocal 1/3.2

Factorial 5!

Natural logarithm ln 203.45

Natural antilogarithm e

.69315

Round Round 2 P 3 to the set

decimal format

Random number* Generate random

number

Store “seed” value

Sine** sin(11.54°)

Cosine** cos(120°)

Tangent** tan(76°)

Arcsine** sin

Arccosine** cos

Arctangent** tan

(.2)

(-.5)

(4)

Hyperbolic sine sinh(.5)

Hyperbolic cosine cosh(.5)

Hyperbolic tangent tanh(.5)

Hyperbolic arcsine sinh

Hyperbolic arccosine cosh

Hyperbolic arctangent tanh

(5)

(.5)

15.5

3.2

203.45

.69315

6 3 N &

& a

D & a

11.54 120 76

S 8

& c

& c 8

3.94

0.31

120.00

5.32

2.00

0.67

0.86

0.20

0.50

4.01

11.54

120.00

75.96

0.52

1.13

0.46

2.31

2.29

0.55

* The random number generated when you press & a may not be the one shown

here.

** Angles are interpreted according to the current setting for angle units (degrees or

radians). These examples show angles in degrees.

14 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

More on Selected Math Operations

Universal Power

;

lets you raise a positive number to any power (2 example). However, you can raise a negative number only to an integer power or the reciprocal of an odd number. In either case, the power can be either positive or negative.

Parentheses

Parentheses let you control the order in which a numeric expression is evaluated. The portion of an expression enclosed in parentheses is evaluated separately. Up to 15 levels of parentheses are available, with up to 8 pending operations.

If an expression would end in a series of closed parentheses you can omit pressing :. Press N to close all of the parentheses automatically, evaluate the expression, and display the end result. To see intermediate results, press : repeatedly.

Factorial

To compute the factorial of a displayed number, press & g. The number must be a positive integer 69.

or 2

(1/3)

, for

Random Numbers

To generate a random real number between zero and one (0<x<1) from a uniform distribution, press &

To repeat a sequence of random numbers, you must first store a “seed” value in the random number generator. To store a seed value, key in an integer greater than zero and press D

. This lets you recreate experiments by generating the

same series of random numbers.

Combinations

& s

computes the number of combinations of n items taken

r at a time.

nCr

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 15

nr r

−×

()

Permutations

& m

computes the number of permutations of n items taken

r at a time.

−

()

Rounding

The round function is useful when you need to perform a calculation using the displayed form of a number rather than the unrounded value that the calculator stores internally. The decimal format setting does not round the calculator’s internally stored value, only the displayed value.

& o

lets you change the internal value to match its

displayed form.

Internal value

Displayed value

Before rounding

After rounding

For example, in the Bond worksheet, you might want to round a computed selling price to the nearest penny (two decimal places) before continuing with your calculation.

Scientific Notation

If you compute a value that is larger or smaller than the calculator can display in standard decimal format, the value is displayed in scientific notation. A value in scientific notation is displayed as a base value (sometimes called a mantissa), followed by a blank space, followed by an exponent.

You cannot directly enter a number in scientific notation, but when the AOS calculation method is selected, you can use the

;

key to enter a number in scientific notation.

For example, for 3 Q 10

16 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

, key in 3 <

;

Memory Operations

Your calculator always has 10 memories available.

•

The memories can hold any numeric value within the range of the calculator.

•

The memories are numbered access each memory using a single keystroke.

Clearing Memory

There are two ways to clear memory.

•

Storing a zero in an individual memory clears the memory (shown in “Memory Examples” below).

through M9. This lets you

•

To clear all of the memories simultaneously, press &

& z

to clear the Memory worksheet.

{

Storing to Memory

To store a displayed value to a memory (0 through 9), press and a digit key 0 through 9.

•

Any previous value in that memory is replaced by the new value.

•

When you turn the calculator off, the Constant Memory feature retains all stored values.

Recalling from Memory

To recall a number stored in a memory to the display, press and a digit key 0 through 9. The number is displayed, but also remains in memory.

Memory Examples

Function Keystrokes

Store a zero in memory 4 (clear memory 4).

Store 14.95 in memory 3.

Recall a value from memory 7.

14.95

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 17

Memory Arithmetic

Memory arithmetic allows you to perform a calculation on a stored value and then store the result with a single operation.

•

Memory arithmetic does not change the displayed value, only the value in the affected memory.

•

Memory arithmetic does not complete any calculation in progress.

The table below shows the memory arithmetic functions available with the calculator. In each case, the result is stored in the specified memory.

These examples assume that a value is already in the display.

Function Keystrokes

Add the value in the display to the value in

D H

D B

D <

D 6

D ;

memory 9.

Subtract the value in the display from the value in memory 3.

Multiply the value in memory 0 by the value in the display.

Divide the value in memory 5 by the value in the display.

Raise the value in memory 4 to the power of the displayed value.

18 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

Calculations Using Constants

& `

stores a number and an operation for use in repetitive

calculations.

After you store the constant, you can use it in subsequent calculations by entering a new value and pressing N. The constant is cleared when you press any key other than a numeric entry key or N.

Example: Multiply 3, 7, and 45 by 8.

Procedure Keystrokes Display

Clear calculator.

Begin first calculation.

Store Q 8 in the constant register.

Compute 7 Q 8.

Compute 45 Q 8.

Keystrokes for Constant Calculations

The following table shows how to set the constant for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, universal power, and percent. The constant value is denoted by c.

Keystrokes Function

H & ` c

B & ` c

< & ` c

6 & ` c

; & ` c

H & ` c 2 NAdds c% of each subsequent entry to that entry.

B & ` c 2 NSubtracts c% of each subsequent entry from that

Adds c to each subsequent entry.

Subtracts c from each subsequent entry.

Multiplies each subsequent entry by c.

Divides each subsequent entry by c.

Raises each subsequent entry to the power of c.

entry.

& U

3 3

< & `

0.00

24.00

56.00

360.00

Repeat constant calculations with n N.

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 19

Last Answer Feature

To display the last answer, press & x. If your current equation calls for the last answer repeatedly, you can retrieve the value of

You can use the last answer feature to copy a value:

•

From one place to another within the same worksheet.

•

From one worksheet to another.

•

From a worksheet to the standard-calculator mode.

•

From the standard-calculator mode to a worksheet.

is updated when:

ANS

more than once.

ANS

•

You enter a value by pressing

•

You compute a value by pressing %.

•

You press N to complete a calculation.

•

The calculator automatically computes a value.

Example: Last Answer

Procedure Keystrokes Display

Clear the calculator.

Enter a calculation and complete it with the equal key.

Begin a new calculation.

Recall the last answer.

Complete the calculation.

& U

H 1

;

& x

0.00

4.00

2.00

4.00

16.00

20 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

Using Worksheets: Tools for Financial Solutions

What Is a Worksheet?

Each worksheet is designed as a framework for a set of variables. The formulas that define the relationships between the variables, though not visible, are built into each worksheet.

•

Each worksheet is designed to solve specific types of problems such as time-value-of money, cash-flow, bond, or depreciation problems.

•

You access the Time-Value-of-Money (TVM) worksheet variables with the five TVM keys on the third row of the keyboard (,, -, ., /, 0).

•

All other worksheets are prompted. For example, the

key sequence lets you access the variables in the

prompted worksheet to amortization calculations.

•

You select settings for some variables, assign known values to other variables, and compute values for the unknown variables.

•

Variable labels are displayed one at a time, along with any value previously assigned to the variable.

•

By changing the values of the variables, you can quickly perform “what if” calculations.

•

Generally, each worksheet is independent of the others; operations you perform in one worksheet do not affect variables in other worksheets.

•

All current worksheet data is retained when you stop using a worksheet, even if you turn off the calculator.

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 21

Types of Worksheets

The calculator has two modes.

•

In the standard-calculator mode, you can perform standard math operations and compute TVM values (

•

In the prompted worksheet modes, you are guided through specialized tasks such as amortization calculations and cash-flow analyses.

Worksheet Variables

TVM Variables

You access the five time-value-of-money variables with the five TVM keys on the third row of the keyboard. You can access other parts of the TVM worksheet and other TVM functions by pressing the & key.

Z[\ ]^ ,-. /0

You can enter values using the five basic TVM keys at any time, even when you are in another worksheet. However, to compute TVM values or clear the TVM worksheet, you must be in the standard-calculator mode. To return to the standard-calculator mode, press &

N, I/V, PV, PMT

22 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

Prompted-worksheet Variables

To access the column of variables within a prompted worksheet (or portion of a prompted worksheet), press the appropriate worksheet key or key sequence.

For example, to access the amortization variables

PRN,

and

(first payment in a range, last payment in a range,

INT

remaining balance, principal, and interest), press &

P1, P2, BAL

This is the prompted worksheet for amortization calculations.

Press # and " to move to the next or previous variable in a prompted worksheet. Different variable labels and values are displayed. Indicators in the display prompt you to select settings, enter values, or compute results.

To return to standard-calculator mode, press &

There are five types of worksheet variables:

•

Enter-only

•

Compute-only

•

Automatic-compute

•

Enter-or-compute

•

Settings

Enter-Only Variables

You cannot compute a value for enter-only variables. Values may be limited to a specified range. An enter-only variable can be:

•

Entered directly from the keyboard.

•

The result of a math calculation.

•

Recalled from memory.

•

Obtained from another worksheet using the last answer feature.

When you access an enter-only variable, the variable label and the

indicator are displayed. The

ENTER

indicator also reminds you that once you have keyed a value into the display, you must press

to assign that value to the variable. An = sign is displayed between the label and the value when the value has been assigned to the variable.

1: Overview of Calculator Operations 23

Compute-Only Variables

For compute-only variables, you compute values by displaying the appropriate label and pressing %; you cannot enter a value for this type of variable.

When you access a compute-only variable, the variable label and the

COMPUTE

indicator are displayed. This indicator reminds you to press % to compute a value for the displayed variable. An = sign is displayed between the label and the value when the value has been assigned to the variable.

Automatic-Compute Variables

For automatic-compute variables, you do not have to press %; a value is automatically computed and displayed when you access the variable by pressing # or ". After a value is automatically computed, an = sign is displayed between the label and the value.

Enter-or-Compute Variables in the TVM Worksheet

The five variables in the TVM worksheet (N,

) are enter-or-compute variables. It is not necessary to be in

I/Y, PV, PMT

, and

the standard-calculator mode when you enter values for these variables. However, you must be in the standard-calculator mode to compute values for these variables.

•

To enter a TVM value, key a value into the display and press the appropriate variable key.

•

To compute a TVM value, press % and the appropriate variable key.

24 BA II PLUS™ Calculator

+ 118 hidden pages

Texas Instruments BA II PLUS User guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Important

US FCC Information Concerning Radio Frequency Interference

Appendix: Reference Information 115

Index 137

Turning the Calculator On and Off

Turning the Calculator On

Turning the Calculator Off

Automatic Power Down™ (APD™) Feature

Resetting the Calculator

Effects of Resetting

Alternatives to Resetting

Procedure: Resetting the Calculator

Keys and 2nd Functions

The Display

Display Indicators

Setting Calculator Formats

Number of decimal places

Procedure: Changing the Number of Decimal Places

Angle Unit Format

Procedure: Changing the Angle Unit Format

Date Format

Procedure: Changing the Date Format

Separator Format

Procedure: Changing the Separator Format

Calculation Method

Procedure: Changing the Calculation Method

Clearing the Calculator

Correcting Entry Errors

Example: Correcting an Entry Error

Math Operations

Math Operations (cont.)

More on Selected Math Operations

Universal Power

Parentheses

Factorial

Random Numbers

Combinations

Permutations

Rounding

Scientific Notation

Memory Operations

Clearing Memory

Storing to Memory

Recalling from Memory

Memory Examples

Memory Arithmetic

Calculations Using Constants

Keystrokes for Constant Calculations

Last Answer Feature

Example: Last Answer

Using Worksheets: Tools for Financial Solutions

What Is a Worksheet?

Types of Worksheets

Worksheet Variables

TVM Variables

Prompted-worksheet Variables

Enter-Only Variables

Compute-Only Variables

Automatic-Compute Variables

Enter-or-Compute Variables in the TVM Worksheet