This manual is furnished with each new TENNANT Model 510E. It provides necessary operating and
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preventive maintenance instructions. Read this manual completely and understand the machine before
operating or servicing it.
This manual covers all machine variations and standard accessories. The instruction portion of the
manual consists of the Specification, Operation, Maintenance, and Appendix sections. The parts portion
consists of the Standard Parts; Options; Breakdowns; and Cross Reference sections.
All right side and left side references to the machine are determined by facing the direction of forward
travel. All hardware considered to be of a common nature or locally available has been omitted from the
parts sections. Be aware that this machine may contain metric hardware. Make sure you use equivalent
hardware when replacement becomes necessary.
This machine will provide excellent service. However, the best results will be obtained at minimum costs if:
D The machine is operated with reasonable care.
D The machine is maintained regularly -- per the maintenance instructions provided.
D The machine is maintained with TENNANT supplied or equivalent parts.
Parts and supplies may be ordered by phone or mail from any TENNANT parts and service center,
distributor, or from any of the TENNANT subsidiaries. Before ordering parts or supplies, be sure to have
your machine model number and serial number handy. Fill out the data block below for future reference.
The telephone numbers, telex numbers, mailing addresses, and locations of those outlets are listed in the
Customer Documents section of the manual.
MACHINE DATA
Please fill out at time of installation.
Machine Serial Number --
Engine Serial Number --
Sales Representative --
Customer Number --
Date of Installation --
Manual Number -- MM239
Revision: 09
Published: 3--95
Trademark Registered in: Austria, Benelux, Denmark, England, France, Germany, Italy, Spain,
Switzerland, United States, Argentina, Australia, Canada, Japan, Mexico, Sweden, by TENNANT
COMPANY, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A.
The following symbols are used throughout this
manual as indicated in their description:
WARNING: To warn of hazards or
unsafe practices which could result in
severe personal injury or death.
FOR SAFETY: To identify actions which must
be followed for safe operation of equipment.
The machine is suited for scrubbing disposable
debris. Do not use the machine other than
described in this manual. The machine is not
designed for use on public roads.
The following information signals potentially
dangerous conditions to the operator or
equipment:
FOR SAFETY:
1. Do Not Operate Machine:
-- Unless Trained And Authorized.
-- Unless Operation Manual Is Read And
Understood.
-- In Flammable Or Explosive Areas
Unless Designed For Use In Those
Areas.
-- In Areas With Possible Falling Objects
Unless Equipped With Overhead
Guard.
6. When Servicing Machine:
-- Avoid Moving Parts. Do Not Wear
Loose Jackets, Shirts, Or Sleeves.
-- Block Machine Tires Before Jacking
Machine Up.
-- Jack Machine Up At Designated
Locations Only. Block Machine Up
With Jack Stands.
-- Use Hoist Or Jack Of Adequate
Capacity To Lift Machine.
-- Wear Eye And Ear Protection When
Using Pressurized Air Or Water.
-- Disconnect Battery Connections
Before Working On Machine.
-- Avoid Contact With Battery Acid.
-- Use TENNANT Supplied Or Approved
Replacement Parts.
WARNING: Batteries Emit Hydrogen
Gas. Explosion Or Fire Can Result.
Keep Sparks And Open Flame Away. Keep
Covers Open When Charging.
WARNING: Flammable Materials Can
Cause An Explosion Or Fire. Do Not
Use Flammable Materials In Tank(s).
WARNING: Flammable Materials Or
Reactive Metals Can Cause Explosion
Or Fire. Do Not Pick Up.
2. Before Starting Machine:
-- Make Sure All Safety Devices Are In
Place And Operate Properly.
-- Check Brakes And Steering For Proper
Operation.
3. When Starting Machine:
-- Keep Foot On Brake And Directional
Pedal In Neutral.
4. When Using Machine:
-- Use Brakes To Stop Machine.
-- Go Slow On Inclines And Slippery
Surfaces.
-- Use Care When Reversing Machine.
-- Do Not Carry Riders On Machine.
-- Always Follow Safety And Traffic
Rules.
-- Report Machine Damage Or Faulty
Operation Immediately.
5. Before Leaving Or Servicing Machine:
-- Stop On Level Surface.
-- Set Parking Brake.
-- Turn Off Machine And Remove Key.
510E MM239 (8--92)
i
GENERAL INFORMATION
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The following safety labels are mounted on the
machine in the locations indicated. If these, or any
labels become damaged or illegible, install a new
label in its place.
CLEANING SOLUTION LABEL -- LOCATED ON
TANKS COVER.
BATTERY CHARGING LABEL -- LOCATED ON
LINTEL.
FLAMMABLE SPILLS LABEL -- LOCATED ON
MOTOR COVER PANEL.
(2.6 L)
Solution tank capacity -- 55 gal (210 L)
Recovery tank capacity -- 50 gal (190 L)
Tank capacity with ESt option -- 80 gal (303 L)
GENERAL MACHINE DIMENSIONS -CAPACITIES
Length -- 83 in (2110 mm)
Length with Pre-Sweept -- 97 in (2465 mm)
Width -- 42 in (1065 mm)
Width with edge scrub -- 47 in (1195 mm)
Height -- 57 in (1450 mm)
Height with overhead guard -- 80 in (2030 mm)
Track -- rear 34.8 in (885 mm)
Wheel base -- 42.8 in (1085 mm)
Scrub brush diameter -- 20 in (510 mm)
Pre-Sweept main brush (option) diameter --
8 in (205 mm)
Pre-Sweept main brush (option) length --
36 in (915 mm)
Pre-Sweept side brush (option) diameter --
13 in (330 mm)
Scrubbing path width -- 40 in (1015 mm)
Pre-Sweept hopper capacity -- 0.75 cu ft
(0.02 m#) 75 lb (34 kg)
Rear squeegee path width -- 47.5 in (1210 mm)
POWER TRAIN
Propelling -- electric motor to gearbox driven
Scrub brushes -- electric motor to gearbox driven
Vacuum fan -- electric motor direct driven
Pre-Sweept brushes (option) -- electric motor
belt driven
STEERING
Type -- front wheel controlled, universal joint to
gear and chain
Power source -- manual
BRAKING SYSTEM
Service brakes -- mechanical drum brakes (2),
1 per rear wheel, linkage actuated
Parking brake -- utilizes service brakes, linkage
actuated
SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Front -- 16.25 x 6 solid tire (1)
Rear --- 16 x 3.5 solid tire (2)
510E MM239 (8--92)
MACHINE WEIGHTS
GVWR -- 4600 lb (2087 kg)
GENERAL MACHINE PERFORMANCE
Maximum forward speed -- 5 mph (8 km/h)
Maximum reverse speed -- 3 mph (4.8 km/h)
Aisle turnaround width -- 90 in (2290 mm)
Aisle turnaround width with Pre-Sweept --
104 in (2640 mm)
Maximum rated ramp climb with empty tanks --
8.5_
Maximum rated ramp descent angle with empty
tanks -- 8.5_
Maximum rated ramp climb with full tanks -- 5.7_
Maximum rated ramp descent angle with full
2. Read this manual carefully before operating
or serving the machine.
FOR SAFETY: Do Not Operate Machine,
Unless Operation Manual Is Read And
Understood.
3. Open the machine cover.
5. Check the battery specific gravity to
determine the state of charge as described
in BATTERIES in the MAINTENANCE
section. Charge the batteries if necessary.
6. Connect the battery connector to the
machine connector.
A
B
OPENING MACHINE COVER
05915
4. Check the batteries electrolyte level as
described in BATTERIES in the
MAINTENANCE section.
B
A
00879
CHECKING BATTERY ELECTROLYTE LEVEL
A. Battery
B. Electrolyte Indicator Ring
FOR SAFETY: When Servicing Machine, Avoid
Contact With Battery Acid.
MACHINE TO BATTERY CONNECTOR
05920
A. Machine Connector
B. Battery Connector
7. Install the scrub brushes as described in
SCRUB BRUSHES in the MAINTENANCE
section.
8. Pre-Sweept machines: Install the
Pre-Sweept assembly as described in TOMOUNT PRE-SWEEPt ASSEMBLY.
510E MM239 (3--91)
2-3
OPERATION
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OPERATION OF CONTROLS
F
C
D
K
F
E
A
D
B
H
M
C
I
E
J
G
N
K
M
H
L
05912
MACHINE COMPONENTS
A. Operator SeatH. Side Squeegee
B. Steering WheelI.Solution Tank Drain
C. Machine CoverJ. Recovery Tank Drain
D. Recovery TankK. Pre-Sweept Assembly
E. Solution TankL. Side Brush
F. Tanks CoverM. Rear Wheel
G. Rear SqueegeeN. Seat Support
05924
2-4
510E MM239 (1--90)
HOW IT WORKS
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The Model 510E is a rider scrubber. The machine
is propelled by a electric motor via the front wheel.
The machine is steered with the steering wheel
and is very responsive.
The main scrubbing components include a
solution tank, two disc-type brushes, rear and side
squeegees, a vacuum fan, and a recovery tank.
Water and detergent solution flows from the
solution tank through the water control valve to
the scrub brushes. The rotating scrub brushes
scrub the floor. As the machine moves forward,
the squeegees collect the dirty solution and
channel it into the vacuum of the squeegee
pick-up hose. The pick-up hose deposits the dirty
solution in the recovery tank.
Machines with the ESt option filter the dirty
solution in the recovery tank and return it to the
solution tank.
OPERATION
510E MM239 (1--90)
2-5
OPERATION
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INSTRUMENT PANEL SYMBOLS
These symbols are used to identify controls and
displays on the machine:
Scrub Brush Down and On
Headlights
Revolving Light
Brushes On (Pre-Sweept)
ESt
Horn
Key Switch
Battery Charging System
Vacuum Clogged
Recovery Tank Full
Solution Flow
Hour Meter
Circuit Breaker #1
Circuit Breaker #2
Circuit Breaker #3
Scrub Brush Edge Clean
Down Pressure
Scrub Brush Down
Scrub Brush Shut Down
Squeegee Down
Circuit Breaker #4
Circuit Breaker #5
Circuit Breaker #6
Circuit Breaker #7
Circuit Breaker #8
2-6
510E MM239 (1--90)
M
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L
N
O
Q
P
OPERATION
C
HIJK
DEFG
RST
U
V
CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS
A. Brake PedalM. Brush Circuit Breaker Indicator
B. Directional PedalN. Rear Squeegee and
C. Steering WheelVacuum Fan Switch
D. Solution Flow LeverO. Scrub Brush Switch
E. Clogged Vacuum IndicatorP. Horn Button
F. Recovery Tank Full IndicatorQ. Key-Operated On-Off Switch
G. Hour MeterR. Operating Lights Switch/Revolving
H. Brush Pressure IndicatorLight Switch
I.Brush Pressure SwitchS. Pre-Sweept Switch
J. Edge Scrub SwitchT. ESt Switch
K. Battery Discharge IndicatorU. Parking Brake
L. Electrical Power IndicatorV. Power Wand Switch
A
B
05913
510E MM239 (8--92)
2-7
OPERATION
ABC
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BRAKE PEDAL
The brake pedal operates the brakes on the two
rear wheels.
To stop the machine, return the direction control
pedal to neutral, then apply pressure to the brake
pedal.
DIRECTIONAL PEDAL
The directional pedal controls the propelling drive.
The pedal is used to select the direction of travel
and the speed of the machine.
E
D
00116
DIRECTIONAL PEDAL POSITIONS
A. “Reverse” Position
B. “Neutral” Position
C. “Forward” Position
D. “Heel” Portion
E. “Toe” Portion
Gradually press the “toe” portion of the pedal for
forward travel or the “heel” portion for reverse
travel. Regulate the machine speed by varying the
pressure on the pedal.
SOLUTION FLOW LEVER
The solution flow levercontrols the flow of
solution to the floor. To start the solution flow,
push the lever slightly up. To increase the solution
flow to maximum, push the lever all the way up.
To stop the solution flow to the floor, pull the lever
all the way down.
CLOGGED VACUUM INDICATOR
The clogged vacuum indicatorlights when
the vacuum system is obstructed and the vacuum
is no longer picking solution from the floor.
When the clogged vacuum indicator lights, check
the vacuum system hoses for obstructions
starting at the rear squeegee pick-up hose.
RECOVERY TANK FULL INDICATOR
The recovery tank full indicatorlights when
the recovery tank is full.
HOUR METER
The hour meterrecords the number of hours
the machine has operated. This information is
useful in determining when to service the
machine.
BRUSH PRESSURE INDICATOR AND SWITCH
The brush pressure indicatorshows the
brush pressure selection. The brush pressure
switchcontrols how aggressive the brushes
are scrubbing the floor.
The machine will coast for a short distance before
changing direction when it is moving and the
directional pedal is reversed. Use the brakes to
stop the machine.
FOR SAFETY: When Using Machine, Use
Brakes To Stop Machine.
STEERING WHEEL
The steering wheel controls the front drive wheel.
The machine is very responsive to the movement
of the steering wheel. The operator should use
care until he or she becomes experienced in
guiding the machine.
2-8
The brush pressure switchhas four positions.
Under normal conditions, the brush pressure
should be set in the light zone. Under heavy grime
conditions, the brush pressure should be set in
the heavy zones. Travel speed and floor
conditions will affect the scrubbing performance.
To change the brush pressure, touch the brush
pressure switch. Each time the switch is touched,
it will increase brush pressure until it reaches the
maximum setting. Then it will return to the
minimum setting as shown on the pressure
indicator.
510E MM239 (3--95)
OPERATION
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EDGE SCRUB SWITCH
The edge scrub switchextends the scrub
head to the right to allow close edge scrubbing.
To operate the edge scrub, press the edge scrub
switch during normal scrubbing. To turn off the
edge scrub, press the edge scrub switch again.
BATTERY DISCHARGE INDICATOR
The battery discharge indicatorindicates the
charge level of the batteries. It displays the
charge level when the scrub brushes are
operating.
The display should be on the 1 mark of the gauge
when the batteries are fully charged. As the
batteries discharge, the display will move near the
0 mark. For best life, the batteries should be
recharged when the display nears the 0 mark. If
the light near the 0 mark starts to blink, the
batteries are fully discharged. At this point, the
brushes will automatically raise to limit current
draw and to alert the operator of the battery
condition. Further operation of the machine could
damage the machine or the batteries.
When the machine is left overnight with less than
a full charge, the display may at first indicate a full
charge. It is reading the surface charge level -- not
the true charge level. After running the machine a
few minutes, the indicator will give the correct
charge level.
NOTE: Do not charge the batteries more often
than is necessary to prolong the life of the
batteries. Do not allow the batteries to become
completely discharged as this will also damage
the batteries. See BATTERIES in the
MAINTENANCE section.
REAR SQUEEGEE AND VACUUM FAN
SWITCH
The rear squeegee and vacuum fan switch,
along with the direction of machine travel, control
the position of the rear squeegee, and turns on
the vacuum fan.
To start the vacuum fan and lower the rear
squeegee, press the rear squeegee and vacuum
fan switch.
When the machine travels backward, the rear
squeegee lifts. This prevents the rear squeegee
from being damaged when backing the machine.
The rear squeegee will lower again when the
machine travels forward.
To raise the rear squeegee and stop the vacuum
fan, press the rear squeegee and vacuum fan
switch again.
SCRUB BRUSH SWITCH
The scrub brush switchcontrols the scrub
head position and scrub brush rotation.
To lower the scrub head and start the scrub
brushes rotating, press the scrub brush switch.
When the machine travels forward, the scrub
head will lower and the scrub brushes will start
rotating. If the machine is stopped for more than 6
seconds, the scrub head raises to prevent scrub
brush wear. When the machine travels in reverse,
the scrub head raises. Once the machine starts
traveling forward the scrub brushes start rotating
and the scrub head will lower.
To raise the scrub head and stop the scrub
brushes, press the scrub brush switch again.
ELECTRICAL POWER INDICATOR
The electrical power indicatorlights when the
key-operated switch is turned on and the machine
has electrical power.
BRUSH CIRCUIT BREAKER INDICATOR
The brush circuit breaker indicatorlights
when one or both of the two brush motor circuit
breakers have tripped. When the circuit breakers
are tripped, the brushes will stop rotating and the
scrub head will raise. The circuit breaker(s) must
be reset before resuming scrubbing.
510E MM239 (3--91)
HORN BUTTON
The horn buttonoperates the horn. To sound
the horn, press the horn button.
KEY-OPERATED ON-OFF SWITCH
The key-operated on-off switchcontrols all
machine power. To allow the machine to operate,
turn the key clockwise. To turn the machine off,
turn the key counter-clockwise.
2-9
OPERATION
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OPERATING LIGHTS SWITCH
The operating lights switchis present on
machines equipped with the operating lights
option. The switch operates the headlights and
taillights; and revolving light if equipped with
revolving light option. To turn the operating lights
on, place the switch in the top position. To turn the
operating lights off, place the switch in the bottom
position.
REVOLVING LIGHT SWITCH
The revolving light switchis present on
machines equipped with the revolving light option.
To turn the revolving light on, place the switch in
the top position. To turn the revolving light off,
place the switch in the bottom position.
PRE-SWEEPt SWITCH
The Pre-Sweept switchis present on
machines equipped with the Pre-Sweept option.
The switch operates the Pre-Sweept assembly.
To lower the Pre-Sweept and turn the brushes
on, press and hold the bottom portion of the
switch until the the Pre-Sweept lowers to the
floor and the actuator ratchets. To raise the
Pre-Sweept and turn off the brushes, press the
top of the switch and hold it until the actuator
ratchets, 3 to 4 seconds.
ESt SWITCH
The ESt switchcontrols the extended
scrubbing solution system on machines equipped
with the ESt option.
The machine will start with the ESt system on.
The ESt pump may not start right away. The
pump will start as the recovery tank fills up with
solution.
To start the ESt system, place the switch in the
top position. The green light on the switch will
light. To stop the ESt system, place the switch in
the bottom position.
PARKING BRAKE LEVER
The parking brake lever operates the rear wheel
brakes.
To set the parking brake, pull the handle up. To
release the parking brake, push the handle down.
POWER WAND SWITCH
The power wand switch controls the solution to
the power wand option.
To start the solution flow to the power wand, press
the top or ON position of the switch. To stop the
solution flow to the power wand, press the bottom
or OFF position of the switch.
2-10
510E MM239 (8--92)
OPERATION
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CIRCUIT BREAKERS
The circuit breakers are resetable circuit
protection devices designed to stop the flow of
current in the event of a circuit overload. Once
tripped, circuit breakers must be manually reset,
after it cools, by pressing the reset button. If the
overload which caused the circuit breaker to trip is
still present in the circuit, the circuit breaker will
continue to stop current flow until the overload is
corrected.
The fuse is a one-time circuit protection device
designed to stop the flow of current in the event of
a circuit overload. Never substitute higher value
fuses then those specified in this manual.
The circuit breakers are located to the left of the
operator’s compartment near the machine and
battery connectors. The fuse is located in the
control box.
The following chart shows the various circuit
breakers, and the electrical components they
protect.
PROTECTIVE
DEVICERATINGCIRCUIT
PROTECTED
CB--120 AVacuum fan motor
CB--220 AVacuum fan motor
CB--340 AScrub brush motor
A. Circuit Breakers
B. Machine and Battery Connectors
05920
510E MM239 (8--92)
2-11
OPERATION
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MACHINE OPERATION
NORMAL SCRUBBING OPERATION
A normal scrubbing operation consists of eight
typical operations; pre-start checklist, starting
machine, filling solution tank, scrubbing, draining
and cleaning recovery tank, post operation
checklist -- machine on, stopping machine, and
post operation checklist -- machine off.
PRE-START CHECKLIST lists the things to check
before starting the machine.
TO START THE MACHINE lists the steps
required to start the machine.
TO FILL SOLUTION TANK lists the steps
required to fill the solution tank.
TO SCRUB lists the things to keep in mind before
and during the scrubbing operation.
TO DRAIN AND CLEAN RECOVERY TANK lists
the steps required to empty and clean the
recovery tank.
POST OPERATION CHECKLIST -- MACHINE
ON lists the things to check before turning off the
machine.
TO STOP MACHINE lists the steps required to
stop the machine.
POST OPERATIONAL CHECKLIST -- MACHINE
OFF lists the things to check after turning off the
machine.
TO START MACHINE
NOTE: Before starting machine, go through the
pre-start checks.
1. The machine operator must be in the
operator’s seat with the directional pedal in
the “neutral” position and with a foot on the
brake pedal or with the parking brake set.
FOR SAFETY: Before Starting Machine Make
Sure All Safety Devices Are In Place And
Operate Properly.
2. Turn the key-operated on-off switch
clockwise to turn on the machine.
3. Release the machine parking brake.
4. Drive the machine to the solution filling site.
TO FILL SOLUTION TANK
1. Turn off the machine and set the machine
parking brake.
FOR SAFETY: Before Leaving Or Servicing
Machine; Stop On Level Surface, Set Parking
Brake, Turn Off Machine And Remove Key.
2. Pull the solution flow lever all the way down
to shut off the solution flow to the floor.
3. Lift open the tanks cover.
PRE-START CHECKLIST
Check under the machine for leaks.
Check the brakes and controls for proper
operation.
Check the service records to determine service
requirements.
2-12
510E MM239 (8--92)
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