Teledyne Quantum Series, Evolution Series, PD10 IF, PD10 L, PD25 IF Installation And Operating Handbook

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Installation and Operating Handbook for

Quantum and Evolution

Series Satellite Modems

Issue 2.0.18a, 2 December 2011

Teledyne Paradise Datacom Ltd. Teledyne Paradise Datacom LLC

2&3 The Matchyns, Rivenhall End, 328 Innovation Blvd.

Witham, Essex, CM8 3HA, England. State College, PA 16803, U.S.A.

Tel: +44(0)1376 515636 Tel: +1 814 238 3450

Fax: +44(0)1376 533764 Fax: +1 814 238 3829

2011

EN 55022 - Class B

EN 55024 EN 60950

http://www.paradisedata.com

Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Table of Contents

Chapter 1

Chapter 2 About This Handbook ............................................................................ 2-1

1.1 Conventions ......................................................................................................... 2-1

1.2 Trademarks .......................................................................................................... 2-1

1.3 Disclaimer............................................................................................................. 2-1

1.4 GNU General Public License ............................................................................... 2-1

Chapter 3 Safety Information .................................................................................. 3-1

1.5 Safety ................................................................................................................... 3-1

1.6 Environmental ...................................................................................................... 3-1

1.7 Installation ............................................................................................................ 3-1

Chapter 4 Electromagnetic Compatibility .............................................................. 4-1

Chapter 5 Installation .............................................................................................. 5-1

1.8 Unpacking ............................................................................................................ 5-1

1.9 Visual Inspection .................................................................................................. 5-1

1.10 Getting Started ..................................................................................................... 5-1

1.11 Power Up.............................................................................................................. 5-1

Chapter 6 Introduction ............................................................................................ 6-1

Welcome .................................................................................................. 1-1

1.12 Overview .............................................................................................................. 6-1

1.13 Hardware Options ................................................................................................ 6-2

1.13.1 IDR Option Card ........................................................................................... 6-2

1.13.2 G.703 Option Card ....................................................................................... 6-2

1.13.3 LVDS Option Card ........................................................................................ 6-2

1.13.4 HSSI Option Card ......................................................................................... 6-2

1.13.5 Quad E1 Option Card ................................................................................... 6-2

1.13.6 Eurocom D1 Option Card ............................................................................. 6-3

1.13.7 IP Traffic Option Card ................................................................................... 6-3

1.13.8 Optional L-band BUC Power Supplies ......................................................... 6-4

1.13.9 L-band FSK/DC Option Card ........................................................................ 6-6

1.14 Software Options .................................................................................................. 6-6

1.15 Front Panel ......................................................................................................... 6-13

1.15.1 LEDs ........................................................................................................... 6-13

1.15.2 LCD Display ............................................................................................... 6-13

1.16 Rear Panel ......................................................................................................... 6-15

Chapter 7 User Interfaces ....................................................................................... 7-1

1.17 User Names, Passwords and Modem Control ..................................................... 7-1

1.17.1 Local Mode ................................................................................................... 7-1

1.17.2 Giveaway Mode ............................................................................................ 7-1

Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

1.17.3

Takeaway Mode ........................................................................................... 7-2

1.18 Front Panel Interface ............................................................................................ 7-3

1.18.1 Keypad Operation ........................................................................................ 7-3

1.18.2 LCD Screen Layout ...................................................................................... 7-5

1.19 Front Panel Menu Structure ................................................................................. 7-6

1.19.1 Main Menu .................................................................................................... 7-6

1.19.2 Status Menu ................................................................................................. 7-7

1.19.3 Edit Menu ................................................................................................... 7-15

1.19.4 View Menu ................................................................................................ 7-141

1.19.5 Test Menu ................................................................................................ 7-141

1.20 Web User Interface .......................................................................................... 7-151

1.20.1 Logging In and Out ................................................................................... 7-151

1.20.2 Graphing Features ................................................................................... 7-154

1.20.3 Configuration Memories ........................................................................... 7-159

1.20.4 Interface Configurations ........................................................................... 7-161

1.20.5 Timeslots .................................................................................................. 7-162

1.20.6 System Log .............................................................................................. 7-163

1.20.7 System Alarms ......................................................................................... 7-164

1.20.8 On-line Installation and Operation Handbook ........................................... 7-164

1.20.9 SAF Screen .............................................................................................. 7-165

1.20.10 SNMP Configuration ............................................................................. 7-166

1.20.11 Remote Software Upgrade ................................................................... 7-167

1.20.12 EZ BERT Option ................................................................................... 7-170

1.20.13 Modem Email Function ......................................................................... 7-172

1.20.14 IP Static Routes .................................................................................... 7-175

1.20.15 Header Compression ............................................................................ 7-176

1.20.16 Fetching Web Pages from a Remote Modem ...................................... 7-178

1.20.17 Adaptive Signal Pre-distorter ................................................................ 7-178

Chapter 8 Modem Concepts ................................................................................... 8-1

1.21 Doppler, Plesiochronous Buffering and Clocking ................................................. 8-1

1.21.1 Transmit Clocking ......................................................................................... 8-2

1.21.2 Receive Clocking .......................................................................................... 8-4

1.21.3 Guidelines for Clocking Configuration .......................................................... 8-6

1.22 Framing and Drop/Insert Overview .................................................................... 8-10

1.22.1 IBS/SMS Framing ....................................................................................... 8-10

1.22.2 IDR Framing ................................................................................................ 8-17

1.23 Automatic Uplink Power Control ......................................................................... 8-18

1.23.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 8-18

1.23.2 Configuring AUPC ...................................................................................... 8-18

1.24 1-for-1 Operation ................................................................................................ 8-19

1.24.1 Basic Theory .............................................................................................. 8-19

1.24.2 Switching Philosophy ................................................................................. 8-20

1.24.3 Detected Failures ....................................................................................... 8-20

1.24.4 Manual Switchover ..................................................................................... 8-20

1.24.5 1-for-1 Setup Procedure ............................................................................. 8-20

1.25 Software Activated Features .............................................................................. 8-21

1.26 Software Upgrading............................................................................................ 8-22

1.27 Partial Insert and Multi-destinational Working .................................................... 8-22

1.28 Choosing Optimum Custom Reed-Solomon Values .......................................... 8-23

1.29 Data and Symbol Rates ..................................................................................... 8-25

1.30 Determining Maximum ESC Baud Rates ........................................................... 8-26

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

1.30.1

IBS .............................................................................................................. 8-26

1.30.2 Closed Network Plus ESC .......................................................................... 8-27

1.31 Tutorial on Carrier/Noise and Eb/No Measurements ......................................... 8-29

1.32 IP Functionality ................................................................................................... 8-35

1.32.1 Base Modem IP .......................................................................................... 8-35

1.32.2 IP Addressing ............................................................................................. 8-36

1.32.3 Throughput Performance ........................................................................... 8-37

1.32.4 Jumbo Ethernet Frame Support ................................................................. 8-38

1.32.5 IP Over ESC ............................................................................................... 8-38

1.32.6 IP Interoperability ....................................................................................... 8-39

1.32.7 IP Connectivity Modes ................................................................................ 8-39

1.32.8 TCP Acceleration ....................................................................................... 8-42

1.32.9 Traffic Shaping ........................................................................................... 8-43

1.32.10 HTTP Web Acceleration ......................................................................... 8-49

1.32.11 Static and Dynamic Routing ................................................................... 8-50

1.32.12 Header Compression .............................................................................. 8-50

1.32.13 VLAN Operation ..................................................................................... 8-51

1.32.14 Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) ................................................ 8-52

1.33 DVB-S2 and SmartLink ...................................................................................... 8-55

1.34 Paired Carrier ..................................................................................................... 8-58

1.35 Sat-ABIS............................................................................................................. 8-62

1.36 FastLink Low-latency LDPC ............................................................................... 8-65

1.37 LinkGuard™ Interference Detection ................................................................... 8-67

Chapter 9 Remote Control Protocol ....................................................................... 9-1

Chapter 10 Data Interfaces ...................................................................................... 10-1

Chapter 11 Connector Pinouts ............................................................................... 11-1

Chapter 12 Fault Messages ..................................................................................... 12-1

1.38 Transmit Faults ................................................................................................... 12-2

1.39 Transmit Warnings ............................................................................................. 12-4

1.40 Receive Faults .................................................................................................... 12-5

1.41 Receive Warnings .............................................................................................. 12-7

1.42 Unit Faults .......................................................................................................... 12-9

1.43 Unit Warnings ................................................................................................... 12-10

1.44 Start up problems ............................................................................................. 12-10

Chapter 13 Specification Summary ........................................................................ 13-1

1.45 Common Main Specifications ............................................................................. 13-1

1.46 Tx Modulator Specifications ............................................................................... 13-3

1.47 Rx Demodulator Specifications .......................................................................... 13-4

1.48 Clocking and Buffering Specifications ................................................................ 13-4

1.49 Framing and Deframing Specifications .............................................................. 13-5

1.50 Intelsat Reed-Solomon Codec and Custom Option Specifications .................... 13-6

1.51 Drop and Insert Option Specifications ................................................................ 13-6

1.52 Extended Drop and Insert Option Specifications ................................................ 13-7

1.53 Advanced ESC and Advanced Aux Option Specifications ................................. 13-8

1.54 IDR Option Specifications .................................................................................. 13-8

Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

1.55

BERT Option Specifications ............................................................................... 13-9

1.56 AUPC Specifications ........................................................................................ 13-10

1.57 Data Rate Specifications .................................................................................. 13-10

1.58 Traffic Log Specifications ................................................................................. 13-12

1.59 Common Specifications .................................................................................... 13-12

1.60 Internet Traffic .................................................................................................. 13-13

1.61 BUC / LNB facilities .......................................................................................... 13-13

1.62 Performance Graphs ........................................................................................ 13-14

Chapter 14 Advanced Framing ............................................................................... 14-1

Chapter 15 Glossary ................................................................................................ 15-1

Chapter 16 Customer Technical Support .............................................................. 16-1

Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Chapter 1 Welcome

Quantum and Evolution Series satellite modems incorporates a novel architecture that uses upgradeable programmable logic for all major modem functions, creating a flexible modem platform easily adapted to future demands. They provide a rich feature set and flexibility of configuration, allowing you to purchase only what you need initially and then enable further features in the field at a later date. They set new levels of usability by providing an unrivalled set of diagnostic tools including built-in spectrum and constellation

monitors. The latest diagnostic tool is LinkGuard™, which monitors underneath the

received carrier for interference while on traffic.

The Quantum Series of modems incorporate 100% of the functionality and features of the Evolution Series of Paradise modems and are fully backwards compatible. The Quantum extends the functionality of the Evolution by adding an optional DVB-S2 capability.

DVB-S2 is a highly efficient and robust coding and modulation standard for satellite transmission that can significantly reduce satellite bandwidth requirements compared with legacy standards.

DVB-S2 can be used in one of two ways. Firstly, DVB-S2 can be used as a service in its own right (e.g. the modem could be used to provide a DVB-S2 outbound service combined with an SCPC inbound service). Any combination of SCPC and DVB-S2 Tx and Rx services are possible including both being SCPC or both being DVB-S2. Secondly, SCPC features can be overlaid onto DVB-S2 ‘space segment’ to provide all the functionality of traditional SCPC satellite links (such as IBS, IDR, Drop and Insert, ESC channel, AUPC, remote M&C, remote software upgrade, etc.) but with instantly reduced bandwidth requirements. This overlay capability is provided by advanced Paradise

software technology called SmartLink™. The Quantum therefore provides a painless

migration path to new, more efficient satellite communications technology while fully supporting all legacy SCPC requirements.

Paired Carrier allows space segment reuse. It overlays transmit and receive carriers in

the same space segment reducing satellite bandwidth requirements by up to 50%. It is used in addition to, not instead of, other bandwidth saving techniques. It incorporates ViaSat’s patented PCMA technology, which is protected under U.S. patent numbers 5,596,439, 6,011,952 and 6,725,017.

This handbook will guide you through the process of installing and using your Quantum or Evolution Series Satellite Modem. It covers all models including IF and L-band variants.

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

The models covered by this handbook are:

Paradise Datacom Evolution Series PD10 IF Satellite Modems

Paradise Datacom Evolution Series PD10 L-band Satellite Modems

Paradise Datacom Evolution Series PD25 IF Satellite Modems Paradise Datacom Evolution Series PD25 L-band Satellite Modems Paradise Datacom Evolution Series PD55 IF Satellite Modems Paradise Datacom Evolution Series PD55 L-band Satellite Modems

Paradise Datacom Quantum Series PD20 IF Satellite Modems Paradise Datacom Quantum Series PD20 L-band Satellite Modems

Paradise Datacom Quantum Series PD60 IF Satellite Modems Paradise Datacom Quantum Series PD60 L-band Satellite Modems

Redundancy Switch operation is documented separately – see ‘Installation and Operating Handbook for Quantum and Evolution Series Redundancy Switches’.

The Quantum PD155i Satellite Modem/IP Router is documented in the ‘Installation and Operating Handbook for Quantum PD155i Satellite Modem/IP Router’.

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

1.1 Conventions

1.2 Trademarks

Chapter 2 About This Handbook

This symbol is intended to alert the user to the presence of voltage levels that constitute a dangerous risk of electric shock and serious injury.

This symbol is intended to alert the user to the presence of important operating instructions critical to correct system function.

All trademarks used in this handbook are acknowledged to be the property of their respective owners.

1.3 Disclaimer

Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the information in this handbook, this cannot be guaranteed and the information contained herein does not constitute a product warranty. A product warranty statement is provided separately to this handbook. Paradise Datacom maintains a programme of continuous product improvement and reserves the right to change specifications without prior notice.

1.4 GNU General Public License

This product contains software source code distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL). Paradise Datacom fully acknowledges the terms of this license. If you would like a copy of the GPL source code in this product on a CD, then please send (USD) $15.00 (along with a request for the ‘Quantum/Evolution Series Satellite Modem GPL Source Code CD’) to Paradise Datacom to cover the cost of preparing and mailing the CD to you.

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Chapter 3 Safety Information

PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION BEFORE

1.5 Safety

To ensure operator safety, this satellite modem conforms to the provisions of EMC Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC and complies with the following standard:

EN 60950-1:2006 ‘Safety of Information Technology Equipment, Including Electrical Business Equipment’.

Prior to installation and operation, please ensure that the following points are observed.

INSTALLATION AND USE.

1.6 Environmental

The equipment is designed to operate in a static 19-inch rack system conforming to IEC 297-2. Operation of the equipment in transportable installations and vehicles equipped with the means of providing a stable environment is permissible. Operation of the equipment on vehicles, ships or aircraft without means of environmental conditioning may invalidate the safety compliancy. Please contact Customer Technical Support for further advice. Operation of the equipment in an environment other than that stated in the specifications will also invalidate the safety compliancy.

The equipment must not be operated in an environment in which the unit is exposed to:

• Unpressurised altitudes greater than 2000 metres

• Extremes of temperature outside the stated operating range

• Excessive dust

• Moisture or humid atmospheres above 95% relative humidity

• Excessive vibration

• Flammable gases

• Corrosive or explosive atmospheres

1.7 Installation

The equipment is classified in EN 60950-1 as a pluggable equipment Class A for connection to the mains supply (note that a 48V DC version is also available). As such it is provided with a mains inlet cord suitable for use in the country of operation. In normal circumstances this will be of an adequate length for installation in a rack. If the mains cable proves to be too short then any replacement must have a similar type fuse (if fitted) and be manufactured to a similar specification. (For example, look for HAR, BASEC or

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

HOXXX-X ratings on the cable and the connector ends marked with BS1636A (UK free plug 13 amp); BSI, VDE, NF-USE, UL, CSA, OVE, CEBEC, NEMKO, DEMKO, SETI, IMQ, SEV and KEMA-KEUR for the IEC 6 amp free socket. Schuko and North American free plugs must have similar markings.)

The installation of the equipment and the connection to the mains supply must be made in compliance with local and national wiring regulations for a Category II ‘impulse overvoltage’ installation. The positioning of the equipment must be such that the mains supply socket outlet for the equipment should be near the equipment and easily accessible or there should be another suitable means of disconnection from the mains supply.

The equipment is designed to operate from a TN-type power supply system as specified in EN 60950-1 (i.e. a system that has separate earth, line and neutral conductors). The equipment is not designed to operate with an IT power system that has no direct connection to earth.

This unit has double pole/neutral fusing. To ensure operator safety, fuses should always be replaced with identical type and rating – contact Customer Technical Support for details.

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Chapter 4 Electromagnetic Compatibility

This satellite modem conforms to the provisions of EMC Directive 2004/108/EC and complies with the following standards:

1. Emissions: EN 55022:2006 Class B – ‘Information Technology Equipment – Radio Disturbance Characteristics – Limits and Methods of Measurement’.

2. Immunity: EN 50024:1998+A1:2001+A2:2003 – ‘Information Technology Equipment – Immunity Characteristics – Limits and Methods of Measurement ’.

Extensive testing has been performed to ensure that the unit meets these specifications when configured with any or all of its available hardware options.

To ensure that the modem maintains compliance with electromagnetic compatibility standards please observe the

The equipment must be operated with its cover on at all times. If it is necessary to remove the cover for any reason, then you must ensure that the cover is correctly refitted before normal operation.

For the baseband data interfaces, all ‘D’ type connectors must have grounding fingers on the plug shell to guarantee continuous shielding. The back-shells must comply with the requirements of VDE 0871 and FCC 20708, providing at least 40dB of attenuation from 30 MHz to 1 GHz. A good quality cable with a continuous outer shield, correctly grounded, must be used.

Connections to transmit and receive IF interfaces must be made with double-screened coaxial cable (for example, RG223/U).

following points:

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Chapter 5 Installation

1.8 Unpacking

Prior to unpacking, inspect the exterior of the shipping container for any sign of damage during transit. If damage is evident, contact the carrier immediately and submit a damage report.

Carefully unpack all items, taking care not to discard packing materials, particularly the molded foam inserts. Should the unit need to be returned to Paradise Datacom then you should use the original packing carton as it is designed to provide the necessary level of protection during shipment.

1.9 Visual Inspection

Once unpacked, visually inspect the contents to ensure all parts are present and that there are no signs of damage.

1.10 Getting Started

If the unit is to be rack mounted then adequate ventilation and cooling should be provided. This must include leaving adequate clearance around the ventilation holes on the sides and the fan on the back panel.

Connect the appropriate cables to the Transmit IF and Receive IF connectors at the rear of the unit. Output power level can be controlled using the front-panel menus. The optimum input level for the demodulator is –45dBm ± 15dB.

1.11 Power Up

Power the unit and wait for it to complete its nitialization when it will display summary status information.

For local use, from the front-panel menu, select Main, Edit, All to define all parameters

prior to operation.

It is also possible to set up the unit from a web browser (this is described in Section 7.4). When setting up a number of units, it may be preferable to save the configuration settings of one unit and then transfer them to each of the others – this procedure is explained in Section 7.4.3.

Getting started is covered in more detail in the separate Evolution/Quantum modem Quick Start Guide (application note EVO_AN_009).

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Chapter 6 Introduction

1.12 Overview

The Quantum and Evolution Series Single-Channel-Per-Carrier (SCPC) satellite modems are designed for both open and closed network operation in a variety of environments (such as ground stations and mobile and fly away terminals) providing a data link between geographically distant sites via satellite.

Features include:

• Open network Intelsat IBS to IESS-309 and IESS-310 and Intelsat IDR to IESS308 and IESS-310, plus Eutelsat SMS to EESS 501. Closed network modes.

• DVB-S2 (EN 302 307) operation (Quantum only) including Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM) and Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) modes.

• Drop and Insert (D&I) via T1-D4, T1-ESF and G.732 bearer types.

• IF frequency range of 50 to 90MHz and 100 to 180MHz; L-band frequency range

of 950MHz to 2050MHz.

• Variable data rate between 4.8kbps and 100Mbps (model specific).

• Support for BPSK, QPSK, Offset QPSK, 8PSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 16APSK,

32APSK and 64QAM modulation schemes.

• Forward Error Correction (FEC) options of Viterbi, Sequential, Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM), Turbo Product Code (TPC) and FastLink low-latency Low Density Parity Code (LDPC) as well as DVB-S2 (model specific).

• Concatenated Reed-Solomon (RS) and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) outer FEC (model specific).

• A full range of terrestrial interfaces including RS422, V.35, RS232, (Synchronous and Asynchronous) LVDS, HSSI, Ethernet/Internet Protocol (IP) and G.703 (T1/E1, T2/E2 and T3/E3). There is also a G.703 variant that multiplexes and demultiplexes four E1 interfaces and can be used in a MultiMux configuration, which multiplexes serial data, G.703 and IP traffic. A multiple E1 Sat-Abis interface is available for direct connection to an Abis interface between a GSM BTS and BSC, compressing voice traffic by up to 50%.

• Automatic Uplink Power Control (AUPC) automatically adjusts modem output power to maintain a constant Eb/No at the distant end of the satellite link.

• Front panel display and keypad for local control.

• Remote control through both serial and IP interfaces. IP remote control can be

through a variety of methods including: built-in web pages served from the modem’s embedded web server to any supported web browser; the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP); a standard Telnet protocol session where the user communicates using a Telnet client terminal-emulation program.

• Compact 1U chassis, 405mm deep.

• An extensive set of TCP/IP features including TCP acceleration, header and

payload compression, web acceleration, bridging, static and dynamic routing, DHCP, IEEE 802.1p QOS support, IEEE 802.1q VLAN support, traffic shaping, ACM, IPV6, etc. Includes support for dual IPV4/IPV6 operation. Support for IPV6 includes bridging, routing and embedded web server along with entry/display of IPV6 addresses on user interface.

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

1.13 Hardware Options

Note that an EIA530 card providing selectable RS422, X.21, V.35 and RS232 interfaces via a 25-way D connector is fitted as standard.

Three interface positions are available. The upper interface position (1) supports an EIA530 or an IDR card only. The lower interface position (2) supports any card except IDR. Interface position (3) supports unbalanced G.703 (two BNCs) only. Balanced G.703 is available via the EIA530 card in either interface position 1 or position 2.

1.13.1 IDR Option Card

The IDR option card (part number P3701) provides an IDR capability including two 32kbps ADPCM ESC audio channels, multiple backward alarm support and independent ESC and Auxiliary ports that replace the shared ESC/Aux port on the base unit. The IDR card fits in interface position 1 (upper) at the rear of the modem.

1.13.2 G.703 Option Card

The G.703 option card (part number P3702) provides G.703 E1/T1, E2/T2 and E3/T3 support. The G.703 card fits inside the modem (leaving both interface positions 1 and 2 free) and makes use of either the EIA530 connector in interface position 1 or 2 for balanced signals or BNC connectors (interface position 3) for unbalanced signals.

1.13.3 LVDS Option Card

The LVDS option card (part number P3001) provides LVDS on a D25 female connector. The LVDS card fits in interface position 2 (lower) at the rear of the modem.

1.13.4 HSSI Option Card

The HSSI option card (part number P3705) provides the modem with a High Speed Serial Interface with an industry standard 50-way SCSI-2 type DCE connector, supporting data rates of up to 55Mbps. The HSSI card fits in interface position 2 (lower) at the rear of the modem.

1.13.5 Quad E1 Option Card

The Quad E1 option card (part number P3706) supports four synchronous G.703 HDB3encoded balanced RJ45 interfaces. Drop and insert of up to 32 timeslots is provided on all four interfaces, alternatively full E1 bearers are also supported.

The combination of drop and insert plus full bearers allows any data rate to be selected between 64kbps and 8448kbps in multiples of 64kbps. The data is multiplexed onto a single carrier using either an IBS/SMS frame format (overhead 6.7%) or

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Closed/Closed+ESC frame format (overhead < 0.5%) that ensures extremely efficient use of satellite bandwidth with no bandwidth being wasted at any data rate.

The Quad E1 card is set up and used in a similar way to the G.703 option card. Following

selection of the Quad E1 card as the terrestrial interface via the Edit-Unit-Interface-

Terrestrial screen (Section 7.3.3.3.2), two menus (Edit-Tx-Interface, Section 7.3.3.1.8 and Edit-Rx-Interface, Section 7.3.3.2.9) can be used to set up the Tx and Rx paths,

respectively, of each port of the Quad E1 card.

The P3706 Quad E1 interface card not only provides all the above functionality, but if the

MultiMux (Mux SAF) feature has also been purchased and enabled, then G.703, serial

data and IP traffic may be multiplexed together to form one aggregate satellite carrier. Multimux is explained in a separate document ‘Multimux Data Multiplexer Option’ (application note 205348) available in the modem documentation area of

http://www.paradisedata.com. It allows up to two E1s to be amalgamated with up to

2Mbps of IP and up to 2Mbps of EIA530 onto a single carrier. Up to three E1s can be used if amalgamating only one of IP or EIA530. MultiMux can also be used without any E1s.

1.13.6 Eurocom D1 Option Card

There are two versions of the Eurocom option card.

The P300-compatible Eurocom D1 option card (part number P3709) provides a•Eurocom D interface, data rates of 16 to 2048kbps, AMI coding, Eurocom G interface at 16 or 32kbps on a 25-pin D male connector.

The Eurocom D1/EIA530 option card (part number P3713) provides Eurocom D interface, data rates of 16 to 2048kbps, Eurocom G interface at 16 or 32kbps as well as EIA530 signals on the same connector, supporting RS422, X.21, V.35, RS232 and balanced G.703. It uses a 25-pin D female connector.

1.13.7 IP Traffic Option Card

An Ethernet traffic interface is always available on the base modem as detailed in Section

6.5. This provides a basic level of IP operation (typically it can handle up to 5Mbps of UDP data or 10Mbps of TCP data).

For more demanding applications, the IP Traffic option card (part number P3714) supports TCP acceleration up to the maximum data rate for the modem (compared to the base modem acceleration of up to 10Mbps) via two RJ45 Ethernet 10/100/1000 (GigE) BaseT connectors. The card supports up to 5000 concurrent TCP connections and typically achieves bandwidth utilization of around 90%. It also supports HTTP acceleration, which downloads typical web pages up to 30% faster on average.

The P3714 IP Traffic card can handle up to 50 000 packets per second, compared to the IP processing built into the base modem, which has a limit of 10 000 packets per second). Please note that the P3714 IP Traffic card is in the process of being replaced by the P3716 IP Traffic card, which has two to three times the processing capability.

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

The IP Traffic card automatically selects speed and duplex but these can also be controlled via the menus.

Bridging, static routing and dynamic routing are all supported on both the base modem or the IP traffic card, depending on what is fitted.

On the IP Traffic card, UDP and IP header compression compliant to RFC3095 (ROHC – Robust Header Compression) is supported at throughput rates up to 29000 packets per second. ROHC is recognised as the best performing of all header compression schemes (including IPHC and CRTP) and is the most suitable for satellite. It typically compresses the 28 bytes of UDP and IP headers down to between one and three bytes. Proprietary Ethernet header compression is supported in addition and typically reduces 14 bytes of Ethernet frame down to 1 byte.

IP payload compression is provided (compliant to RFC 1951 ‘DEFLATE’) and compresses TCP and UDP packet payloads by typically 50%. It must be used with TCP acceleration and/or header compression.

Note that the IP Traffic card is dedicated to processing IP satellite traffic only – remote IPbased M&C, including SNMP and access to the modem web server, continue to be supported via the base modem RJ45 M&C connector only.

Note also that all Evolution/Quantum satellite modems support a dual IPV4/IPV6 TCP/IP stack on both the base modem and the IP Traffic card. IPV4/IPV6 bridging and routing are supported and the modem’s embedded web server is also IPV4/IPV6 compliant. Modem IP addresses and static routes can be entered and displayed in either IPV4 or IPV6 format.

1.13.8 Optional L-band BUC Power Supplies

The following PSU options are available for powering BUCs:

Part Number BUC PSU

P3531 100W 48V output P3535 200W 48V output P3532 100W 24V output P3536 200W 24V output P3537 +/-48V input, 180W 48V output P3538 +/-48V input, 180W 24V output P3539 +48V input, 180W 48V output

Optional BUC Power Supplies

6-4

Type

A.C. in/D.C. out A.C. in/D.C. out A.C. in/D.C. out A.C. in/D.C. out D.C. in/D.C. out D.C. in/D.C. out D.C. in/D.C. out

Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

The following table specifies Paradise BUC PSUs for a range of available BUC types.

PSU Required Paradise ODU PSU

Manufacturer & BUC Type

Paradise 10W C-band VSAT BUC

Paradise 20W C-band VSAT BUC

Paradise 25W C-band vBUC

Paradise 10W X-band vBUC

Paradise 10W Ku-band vBUC

Paradise 10W Ka-band vBUC

Terrasat 5W C-band IBUC

Terrasat 10W C-band IBUC

Terrasat 4W Ku-band IBUC

Terrasat 8W Ku-band IBUC

NJR 1W C-band 5665 & 5666 NJR 2W C-band 5667 & 5668 NJR 5W C-band 5669 & 5670 24V 55W -

NJR 10W C-band 5662 & 5663

NJR 1W Ku-band 5015 NJR 1W Ku-band 5075 NJR 1.5W Ku-band 5035 NJR 2W Ku-band 5076 & 5016 NJR 3W Ku-band 5037 NJR 4W Ku-band 5077 & 5017 24V 48W -

NJR 8W Ku-band 5018

Codan 5W C-band 6705

Codan 10W C-band 6710 48V 105W Codan 20W C-band 6720 48V 130W -

Codan 4W Ku-band 6904

Codan 8W Ku-band 6908 48V 115W -

Voltage Wattage Current 24V 48V

24V 120 5A

48V 120 2.5A

24V 144 6A

48V 144 3A

24V 173 7.2A P3536 -

48V 173 3.6A

24V 100W 4.2A

48V 96W 2.0A

24V 149W 6.2A 48V 144W 3.0A - P3535 24V - 48V 192 4.0A

24V 72 3A 48V 72 1.5A - P3531 24V 108 4.5A 48V 96 2A 24V 72 3A 48V 72 1.5A - P3531 24V 120 5A 48V 120 2.5A 24V 30W 24V 37.5W -

24V 130W 48V 130W 24V 25W - P3532 - 24V 18W 24V 24W 24V 37.5W 24V 30W -

24V 170W 48V 170W 24V 60W 48V 60W -

24V 80W 48V 80W -

P3536 -

- P3535

P3536 -

- P3535

P3532 -

- P3531

P3536

- -

- P3535

P3532 -

P3536 -

- P3535

P3532 -

P3536 -

- P3535 P3532 P3532 P3532 P3536 -

- P3535

P3532 P3532 P3532 P3532 P3532 P3536 -

- P3535 P3532 -

- P3531

- P3535

- P3535 P3532 -

- P3531

- P3535

Paradise BUC Power Supplies

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

)

1.13.9 L-band FSK/DC Option Card

An FSK/DC option card (part number P3503) is available for performing FSK communications with a BUC. This allows remote monitoring and control of any compatible BUC via a modulated FSK signal on the IFL cable to the BUC. The card also provides a DC supply switching capability to the BUC. If FSK communications are not required, then a cheaper option card, namely, the DC Switch card (part number P3509) is available.

1.14 Software Options

There are a number of software options available as shown in the table below. These can be ordered at the time of the original purchase or can be activated in the field. The mechanism that provides access to these features is called Software Activated Features (SAF) – the SAF concept (including time-limited free access to all features) is explained in Section 8.5.

In the table, the SAF Code column lists the acronyms by which each feature is referred to

in relation to the modem user interfaces, technical datasheets, etc.

Note that the following are provided as standard in the modem: Tx, Rx, DR0, DR1, IRS, VIT, WIF, AUPC, HCP and ESC.

Feature SAF Code Description

Transmit TX Controls access to the Tx service (required for

any transmission to occur).

Receive RX Controls access to the Rx service (required for

any receive processing to occur). Terrestrial data rate 0 to 2048kbps Terrestrial data rate 2048kbps to 10Mbps Terrestrial data rate 2048kbps to 5Mbps Terrestrial data rate 5Mbps to 10Mbps Terrestrial data rate 10Mbps to 16896kbps Terrestrial data rate 16896kbps to 25Mbps Terrestrial data rate 25Mbps to 45Mbps Terrestrial data rate 45Mbps to 55Mbps (Evolution PD55) or 60Mbps (Quantum PD60

DR0 Enables data rates in the given range (inclusive).

DR1 Deprecated. Enables data rates in the given

range (inclusive).

D1L Enables data rates in the given range (inclusive).

D1H Enables data rates in the given range (inclusive).

DR2 Enables data rates in the given range (inclusive).

DR3 Enables data rates in the given range (inclusive).

DR4 Enables data rates in the given range (inclusive).

DR5 Enables data rates in the given range (inclusive).

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Feature SAF Code Description

IBS/SMS IBS Enables Tx and Rx IBS/SMS service. Drop/Insert DI Enables basic transmit and receive T1/E1

Drop/Insert options including Rx terrestrial bearer

origination and the ability to replace dropped

timeslots with idle code. Extended Drop/Insert EDI Enables selection of extended Tx and Rx

Drop/Insert options (processing of E1 Channel

Associated Signalling in timeslots 16 and 48,

timeslot identity maintenance allowing all possible

number of timeslots, partial timeslot insertion, T1

Robbed Bit Signalling and timeslot reordering). Viterbi VIT Enables the Viterbi FEC scheme. Intelsat RS IRS Enables the selection of the Intelsat Reed-

Solomon outer FEC. Wideband IF WIF Enables selection of IF frequencies between 104

and 176MHz. 8PSK 8PSK Enables selection of 8PSK modulation. 16QAM 16QAM Enables selection of the 16QAM FEC scheme. Turbo Low Rate TPCL Enables selection of the TPC FEC scheme at

terrestrial data rates up to and including 10Mbps. Turbo High Rate TPCH Enables selection of the TPC FEC scheme at all

terrestrial data rates. Advanced ESC ESC Enables selection of the high-rate asynchronous

ESC channel in IBS/SMS mode and

asynchronous ESC access to the IDR 8kbps

synchronous ESC channel, as well as enabling

selection of Closed network plus ESC mode. Advanced Aux AUX Enables the replacement of one or both IDR

32kbps ADPCM audio channels with Aux data. Custom features CUS Enables custom RS N, K and interleaver depth

selection; selection of IBS/SMS high-rate

asynchronous ESC maximum overhead usage

mode; custom selection of IDR framing (high/low

rate) format; customisation of the standard

96kbps IDR overhead to allow one or both audio

channels to be omitted or allocated in a custom

manner (allowing: 1x32k in V1 or 2x16k in V1 with

V2 spare or omitted depending on Aux settings;

both V1 and V2 spare or omitted depending on

Aux settings). AUPC AUPC Enables AUPC operation (additionally requires

ESC feature). Note that P300 emulated AUPC

requires PAUPC SAF to be present. PRBS PRBS Enables the internal Pseudo Random Bit

Sequence (PRBS) Bit Error Rate (BER) tester. FSK control FSK Enables remote control of a BUC via an FSK

modulated signal multiplexed onto the IF cable.

Software Activated Features (continued)

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Feature SAF Code Description

TCP acceleration at throughput rates up to

TCP Enables a Performance Enhancing Proxy that

provides acceleration of TCP data over satellite. 10Mbps Ethernet brouting BRT Enables Ethernet brouting function (which

supports IP traffic point-to-multipoint operation

and the use of an indirect return path). OM-73 OM73 Enables the OM-73 service including the OM-73

scrambler, symbol mapping and Viterbi

compatibility. Audio AUD Enables P1348 emulation via the IDR card that

allows IBS 64kbps carrier (2 audio channels) or

128kbps (2 audio and 64kbps data). TCM TCM Enables the TCM FEC scheme. This feature is

provided with 8PSK. TCP acceleration at throughput rates up to 16Mbps

TCP16 Enables a Performance Enhancing Proxy that

provides acceleration of TCP data over satellite.

This level of acceleration is available only with the

IP Traffic option card. TCP acceleration at throughput rates up to 25Mbps

TCP25 Enables a Performance Enhancing Proxy that

provides acceleration of TCP data over satellite.

This level of acceleration is available only with the

IP Traffic option card. TCP acceleration to 55Mbps (Evolution PD55) or 60Mbps (Quantum PD60) Quad E1 option card second E1 port Quad E1 option card third E1 port Quad E1 option card fourth E1 port

TCP55 Enables a Performance Enhancing Proxy that

provides acceleration of TCP data over satellite.

This level of acceleration is available only with the

IP Traffic option card.

2E1 Enables the second E1 port on the Quad E1

option card.

3E1 Enables the third E1 port on the Quad E1 option

card.

4E1 Enables the fourth E1 port on the Quad E1 option

card. Header compression HCP Enables Ethernet frame header compression on

the base modem. Header compression HCP2 Enables Ethernet, UDP, IP and RTP packet

header compression at one-way throughput rates

up to 29000 packets per second. This is available

only with the IP Traffic option card. MultiMux MUX Enables the multiplexer associated with the Quad

E1 card allowing G.703 data, serial data and IP to

be multiplexed together into one aggregate

satellite carrier. Serial and IP data nominally

replace Quad E1 ports 3 and 4 (it is not necessary

to purchase the 3E1 and 4E1 SAFs in order to

use MultiMux).

Software Activated Features (continued)

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Feature SAF Code Description

Web acceleration WEB Enables accelerated browsing using HTTP

(requires the modem to be fitted with a P3714 IP

traffic card). Sequential FEC SEQ Enables Sequential FEC up to a maximum of

2Mbps. Wideband L-band WRF Deprecated since now provided as standard.

Enables selection of additional L-band

frequencies between 1950MHz and 2050MHz. IP terrestrial IPT Enables IP Terrestrial base modem interface for

PD10/PD10L modem (enabled by default in all

other modems). Clock extension CLK

When enabled provides a high stability timing

reference to the distant end of a satellite link

LDPC FEC LDP5

(potential replacement for GPS).

Deprecated (replaced by FastLink LDPC).

Enables conventional LDPC FEC scheme to a

maximum data rate of 5Mbps.

LDPC FEC LDP10

Deprecated (replaced by FastLink LDPC).

Enables conventional LDPC FEC scheme to a

maximum data rate of 10Mbps.

LDPC FEC LDP25

Deprecated (replaced by FastLink LDPC).

Enables conventional LDPC FEC scheme to a

maximum data rate of 25Mbps.

LDPC FEC LDP55

Deprecated (replaced by FastLink LDPC).

Enables conventional LDPC FEC scheme to a

maximum data rate of 55Mbps (Evolution

PD55) or 60Mbps (Quantum PD60).

Adaptive signal predistorter

Dynamic routing RTG Enables choice of RIP, OSPF and BGP dynamic

DVB-S2 Tx DVB2T Enables DVB-S2 Tx operation (includes

DVB-S2 Rx DVB2R Enables DVB-S2 Rx operation (includes

DVB IP DVBIP Enables MPE, ULE and (Paradise proprietary)

ASP Allows 16QAM constellations to be adaptively

predistorted to counter the effects of nonlinear

distortion in the communications path.

routing. (Static routing provided as standard.)

SmartLink).

PXE DVB-S2 over IP encapsulation (requires

P3714 IP Traffic card).

Software Activated Features (continued)

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

ge (

Feature SAF Code Description

IP traffic shaping SHP Provides guaranteed throughput levels for specific

IP streams, using standard Committed

Information Rate and Burst Information Rate

settings. Stream differentiation is by IP address,

IEEE 802.1p priority class, Diffserv DSCP class or

MPLS EXP field. Paired Carrier data rate 56kbps to 512kbps

PCMA Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive). Incorporates ViaSat’s patented

PCMA technology. Subject to a minimum of

30kHz of signal cancellation in terms of occupied

bandwidth. Paired Carrier data rate 512kbps to

PCMB Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive).

1.024Mbps Paired Carrier data rate 1.024Mbps to

PCMC Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive).

2.5Mbps Paired Carrier data rate 2.5Mbps to 5Mbps Paired Carrier data rate 5Mbps to 10Mbps Paired Carrier data rate 10Mbps to

PCMD Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive).

PCME Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

ran

inclusive).

PCMF Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive). 15Mbps Paired Carrier data rate 15Mbps to

PCMG Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive). 20Mbps Paired Carrier data rate 20Mbps to

PCMH Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive). 25Mbps Paired Carrier data rate 25Mbps to

PCMI Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive). 30Mbps Paired Carrier data rate 30Mbps to

PCMJ Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive). 40Mbps Paired Carrier data rate 40Mbps to

PCMK Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive). 50Mbps Paired Carrier data rate 50Mbps to

PCML Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive). 60Mbps Paired Carrier data rate 60Mbps to

PCMM Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive). 80Mbps

Software Activated Features (continued)

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Feature SAF Code Description

Paired Carrier data rate 80Mbps to 100Mbps

PCMN Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given

range (inclusive). Subject to a maximum of

36MHz of signal cancellation in terms of occupied

bandwidth. Paired Carrier data

PCMO Reserved for future use. rate 100Mbps to 155Mbps FastLink LDPC data rate 4.8kbps to 1Mbps FastLink LDPC data rate 1Mbps to 2.5Mbps FastLink LDPC data rate 2.5Mbps to 5Mbps FastLink LDPC data rate 5Mbps to 10Mbps FastLink LDPC data rate 10Mbps to

FL1 Enables FastLink low-latency LDPC data rates in

the given range (inclusive).

FL2 Enables FastLink low-latency LDPC data rates in

the given range (inclusive).

FL3 Enables FastLink low-latency LDPC data rates in

the given range (inclusive).

FL4 Enables FastLink low-latency LDPC data rates in

the

iven range (inclusive).

FL5 Enables FastLink low-latency LDPC data rates in

the given range (inclusive). 20Mbps FastLink LDPC data rate 20Mbps to

FL6 Enables FastLink low-latency LDPC data rates in

the given range (inclusive). 25Mbps FastLink LDPC data rate 25Mbps to

FL7 Enables FastLink low-latency LDPC data rates in

the given range (inclusive). 55Mbps (Evolution PD55) or 60Mbps (Quantum PD60) FastLink LDPC data rate 60Mbps to

FL8 Enables FastLink low-latency LDPC data rates in

the given range (inclusive). 155Mbps (Quantum PD155i only) FastLink 8QAM 8QAM Paradise proprietary 8QAM implementation,

optimized for use with FastLink low-latency LDPC. FastLink 16APSK 16APSK 16APSK implementation, optimized for use with

FastLink low-latency LDPC. (Note that this SAF is

not required when using 16APSK with DVB-S2.)

FastLink 32APSK 32APSK 32APSK implementation, optimized for use with

FastLink low-latency LDPC. FastLink 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM implementation, optimized for use with

FastLink low-latency LDPC.

Software Activated Features (continued)

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

DVB-S2 ACM data rate 50kbps to 2Mbps

ACM1 Enables DVB-S2 ACM feature in Tx to the

specified data rate. (Note that DVB-S2 ACM Rx is

free of charge, subject to modem supporting DVB-

S2 Rx.) DVB-S2 ACM data rate 2Mbps to 5Mbps DVB-S2 ACM data rate 5Mbps to 10Mbps DVB-S2 ACM data rate 10Mbps to

ACM2 Enables DVB-S2 ACM feature in Tx to the

specified data rate.

ACM3 Enables DVB-S2 ACM feature in Tx to the

specified data rate.

ACM4 Enables DVB-S2 ACM feature in Tx to the

specified data rate. 20Mbps (Quantum PD20) or 25Mbps (Evolution PD25) DVB-S2 ACM data rate 20Mbps

ACM5 Enables DVB-S2 ACM feature in Tx to the

specified data rate. (Quantum PD20) or 25Mbps (Evolution PD25) to 60Mbps (Quantum PD60) or 55Mbps (Evolution PD55) DVB-S2 ACM data rate 60Mbps to

ACM6 Enables DVB-S2 ACM feature in Tx to the

specified data rate. 100Mbps DVB-S2 ACM data rate 100Mbps to

ACM7 Enables DVB-S2 ACM feature in Tx to the

specified data rate. 155Mbps Adaptive equalizer RADEQ Receive adaptive equalizer for FastLink SCPC

operation. Implements a 9-tap filter that removes

inter-symbol interference caused by group delay

at the edges of transponders, allowing higher

throughput on the transponder. Terrestrial data rate

DR6 Enables data rates in the given range (inclusive). 60Mbps to 155Mbps IP payload compression

DC Enables TCP and UDP payload compression

compliant to RFC 1951 (‘DEFLATE’).

Software Activated Features

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

1.15 Front Panel

Modem Front Panel

The front panel comprises:

• LEDs (light emitting diodes) that provide basic modem status

• A LCD (liquid crystal display) display that acts as the main user interface

• A keypad for alphanumeric entry and menu selection.

1.15.1 LEDs

The five LEDs display warning and fault information as shown below.

Unit Status Rx Traffic

Tx Traffic Test Mode

Tx Carrier

Off Red

Not used

Rx fault or Rx disabled Tx fault or Tx disabled Normal mode Carrier muted

Unit fault

Not used Not used Not used Not used Not used

Not used

Front Panel LED Status

mbe

Not used

Test mode 1-for-1 standby Carrier active

Green

Unit OK Rx OK

Tx OK

Not used

1.15.2 LCD Display

The backlit LCD is a graphical display formatted to give three lines of 40 text characters and is highly legible even in strong ambient light. The right hand side of the display is reserved for icons that indicate status information pertinent to keypad operation. These icons are listed below. The contrast is adjustable and the backlight can be switched off or on.

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Local (front panel) control LOC

Remote control REM

Keyboard locked

Help screen

Numeric entry mode

Alphabetic entry mode

Modem is on a Tx Edit screen

Modem is on an Rx Edit screen

Front Panel LCD Icons

1.15.2.1 Keypad

The keypad (see the diagram below) is based on a sealed tactile membrane and allows full alphanumeric entry and navigation using arrow keys.

123 Abc

Front Panel Keypad

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

1.16 Rear Panel

The rear panel, shown below, provides a full set of terrestrial and satellite data interfaces.

Modem Rear Panel

Full connector pinouts are given in Chapter 11. From left to right, the rear panel consists of:

IEC Mains Power Connector/Voltage Selector/Fuse

The modem is designed to operate from a mains AC supply of 100-240V (-10%/+6%, i.e. 90V to 254V at the connector), 1 - 0.4A, 47 to 63Hz. The IEC connector incorporates two fuses, independently fusing both live and neutral lines. Access to the fuses is provided by a slide-out tray. Both fuses are standard 20mm type, rated T3.15A, of the slow-blow (timedelay) type. ALWAYS REPLACE THE FUSE WITH ONE OF THE SAME TYPE AND RATING.

Chassis Ground Stud

This is an M4 stud for connecting a safety earth conductor directly to the chassis of the unit.

Tx IF Output Option

This connector is a BNC female and can be used in either 50Ω or 75Ω-impedance mode. The output power level can be varied from 0dBm to -25dBm.

G.703 BNCs

Two optional BNC connectors may be fitted. These provide an unbalanced G.703 interface.

Tx L-band Output Option

This connector is an N-type female and is of 50 Ω impedance. The output power level can

be varied from –5dBm to –30dBm.

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Alarms and AGC Connector

This is a 15-pin male 'D' type connector that provides access to the four form `C' relay contacts that indicate alarm conditions. There is also an AGC output.

The alarm relays have the following default definitions:

Unit Fault: A unit fault exists, i.e. an equipment failure. Tx Traffic Prompt: Tx traffic fault exists. Rx Traffic Prompt: Rx traffic fault exists. Deferred Alarm: One of the following conditions exists:

• The receive BER is greater than the user defined threshold.

• The receive Eb/No is lower than the user defined threshold.

• Buffer slips are more frequent than the user set threshold.

• A backward alarm is being received from either the satellite or

terrestrial ports.

Async ESC Connector

This is a 15-pin `D` female connector. When the IDR option is not fitted, it provides an

RS232/RS422/RS485 asynchronous port for either the high rate Async ESC facility (for IBS/SMS or Closed Net Plus ESC services) or the IBS/SMS `low rate Intelsat oversampled ESC facility` (which is configured as the Aux data channel on the modem). When the IDR option is fitted, separate ports for the ESC and Aux channels on the IDR card are activated and ESC/Aux access on this async connector is disabled. This connector also provides the input port for an RS422-compatible Station Clock.

On-line LED

This LED mirrors the front panel Tx Carrier LED, so that from the rear of the equipment the operator can tell if the carrier is off and which unit of a 1:1 pair is the offline unit.

Terrestrial Interface Connectors

There are two terrestrial interface connector positions. Supported interface cards include EIA530, LVDS, balanced G.703 (unbalanced G.703 is provided via a third interface position), HSSI, Quad E1, IP Traffic and Eurocom D1.

The IDR option is fitted in the upper interface position with the terrestrial interface in the lower position.

If the G.703 option is fitted, then balanced G.703 supporting T1, E1, T2, E2, T3 and E3 modes is available. Balanced-operation T1(1544kbps, 100Ω), E1 (2048kbps, 120Ω) and T2 (6136kbps, 110Ω) is provided on the EIA530 `D` type connector when G.703 is selected in addition to RS422, V.35 and RS232 EIA530 modes. Unbalanced-operation E1 (2048kbps, 75Ω), T2 (6136kbps, 75 Ω), E3 (34376kbps, 75Ω) and T3 (44376kbps, 75Ω) requires the use of the two BNC connectors in interface position 3. The line impedance and all other parameters are selected via software. The software also selects what happens to the G.703 port when power is removed. Either the G.703 ports can be set to go high impedance (used in 1:1 redundancy operation) or they can be configured to loop the G.703

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

input back to the output (typically used when Drop/Insert is in operation and the same PCM bearer is cascaded through several modems).

ESC and Aux Connector

This connector is fitted as part of the IDR option and provides access to:

• Four backward alarm form `C` outputs and four backward alarm inputs, together with an Rx summary alarm signal for direct connection to the backward alarm inputs. These are used in IDR mode.

• Two audio ESC ports (4-wire 600Ω, +7 to -16dBm). In addition to normal IDR ESC operation these ports may also be used in IBS modes to generate a 64kbps IBS carrier comprised of two 32kbps ADPCM audio channels or a 128kbps IBS carrier comprised of 64kbps data (from the main data interface of the modem) plus two 32kbps ADPCM audio channels. This is an emulation of the most popular modes of the P1348/P1448 voice/data MUX card often used in SNG applications.

• An RS232/RS422/RS485 port for synchronous/asynchronous ESC traffic. This port replaces the shared ESC/Aux access via the Async ESC connector on the main unit. It is used to provide access to the 8kbps synchronous IDR ESC channel. If the Async ESC feature is available then this port provides both asynchronous access to the 8kbps channel and a high rate asynchronous ESC in IBS/SMS and Closed network plus ESC services.

• An RS232/RS422 port for synchronous/asynchronous Aux traffic. This port replaces the shared ESC/Aux access via the Async ESC connector on the main unit. The Aux port provides 32 or 64kbps access to the IDR overhead in place of one or both of the IDR 32kbps ADPCM audio ESC channels. In IBS/SMS, this port may be configured to provide either the IBS `low rate INTELSAT oversampled ESC facility` or a higher rate synchronous channel within the IBS/SMS overhead.

Rx IF Input Option

This is a BNC female connector and can be used in either 50Ω or 75Ω impedance mode. The carrier signal level presented at the input of the modem should be in the range -60dBm to -30dBm. A level of -45dBm is recommended. The maximum composite power level that should be applied to this port is 30dB above the desired carrier, up to a maximum of 0dBm.

Rx L-band Input Option

This is an N-type female connector of 50Ω impedance. The carrier signal level presented at the input of the modem should be in the range -20dBm to -70dBm. A level of -45dBm is recommended. The maximum composite-to-wanted power level that can be applied to this port with no implementation loss is +35dBc, with a maximum composite power level of +10dBm.

Fan

There is a fan that runs at all times while the unit is powered. This draws air in from the sides and expels to the rear. The side vents must not be blocked.

1:1 Redundancy Connector

The Modem has a built-in 1-for-1 redundancy-controller that connects to the corresponding port of another modem via a 9-pin male 'D' type connector. A 1:1 redundancy system requires two modems, a 1:1 control cable between the two redundancy connectors, a data

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

split (`Y`) cable and passive splitters/combiners for the IF ports. An overview of 1-for-1 operation is provided in Section 8.4.

Remote M&C Connector

This is a 9-pin female 'D' type connector. The modem supports the Paradise Universal

Protocol (PUP) as specified in the document ‘Remote M&C Specification for Quantum and Evolution Series Satellite Modems’. The electrical interface can be selected between

RS232 (for direct-to-PC applications) and RS485 (for multidrop applications). The Remote M&C port may be linked under software control to the Async ESC port for distant end remote M&C control over satellite.

Ethernet IP and M&C Connectors

There are two RJ45 auto-sensing 10/100Mbps Ethernet connections. These support both half-duplex and full-duplex operation. One of these can be switched to the main modem traffic channel for sending and receiving TCP/IP data over satellite, while the other is for remote M&C. M&C control can be via the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), an embedded web server that sends web pages to a web browser, a Telnet-style terminal emulation application or via TCP packets that encapsulate Paradise Universal Protocol (PUP) commands. Although the two connectors are labelled for IP traffic and remote M&C respectively, they are in fact interchangeable since the modem acts as an Ethernet bridge (satellite IP traffic and modem M&C messages can use the same single connector if preferred). It is also possible to change the configuration so that the M&C port is removed from the bridge, which may benefit security in some circumstances where it is important to separate the M&C and IP traffic streams.

An M&C IP address, subnet mask and default gateway may be set in the modem. When using TCP acceleration and the M&C interface does not form part of the Ethernet bridge, then a traffic IP address must be set in addition. Note that the modem is not configured for auto-sense of the cable type and consequently either a straight or crossover (patch) cable may be required, depending on the equipment being connected (typically a straight cable is required when connecting direct to a PC and a crossover cable is required when connecting to a hub or switch). Setting up IP addresses is covered in more detail in Section

8.12.

Station Clock

This connector is a 75Ω BNC female that accepts a 1-10MHz signal, either a square wave of >1V p/p (e.g. a G.703 para. 10 `synchronising clock`) or a sinusoid at a power level of 0dBm or greater. An alternative Station Clock signal at RS422 interface levels can be applied to the Async ESC connector. Either signal can be used by the modem as a reference for the receive output clock (the Station Clock does not have to be the same rate as the data as an internal PLL converts between rates). In addition, if the Rx Clocking is set to use the Station Clock and the Tx Clocking is set to Rx, then the Station Clock also sources the internally generated Tx Clock (Tx and Rx data rates are independent). If a 10MHz signal is applied, this signal may also be used in place of the internal reference for the Tx and Rx IF synthesisers.

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Chapter 7 User Interfaces

The modem has the following user interfaces:

• A built-in local user interface provided via the modem front panel.

• A built-in remote web user interface that provides web pages from the modem (using

a web server) to a web browser.

There are also serial and Ethernet remote control interfaces that allows the built-in interfaces to be replaced or supplemented by an alternative means of modem control. These use a proprietary command protocol called the Paradise Universal Protocol (PUP). This can be used either directly over a serial RS232 or RS485 interface (e.g. via a HyperTerminal session) or via Ethernet (e.g. via a Telnet session). The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) v1, v2c and v3 are also supported.

1.17 User Names, Passwo rds and Modem Control

The modem can be controlled by either a local user via the local front panel, or a remote web user. In addition, a remote user can either have full control over the modem or be restricted to viewing modem information. Access to the modem is controlled by passwords. These concepts are explained in the following sections.

1.17.1 Local Mode

On shipping from the factory, the modem defaults to Local mode, which allows control of the modem from the front panel interface only. Web users can, however, log in and view the modem settings while the modem is in Local mode.

Note that SNMP is disabled by default and therefore cannot be used as an alternative

method of remote control until it is enabled. When SNMP is enabled, then SNMP

commands are always obeyed regardless of any user arbitration that is active within the modem – this point should be taken into account when adding new control facilities to

those already built into the modem.

1.17.2 Giveaway Mode

When the modem is switched to Giveaway mode, a remote web user may assume control of the modem.

For remote web browsing, there are two fixed user names, namely, admin and user. The admin user can view and change the modem configuration, while user can only view the modem settings. Only admin can change the two passwords associated with these two

user names.

Only one remote admin user can be logged in to the modem at any time but multiple users can be logged in as user at the same time. With remote control users, there is

always an explicit login process, requiring both a valid user name and password to be

entered. Note that remote admin users cannot log in while the modem is in Local mode.

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A user-settable timeout controls for how long the admin user is logged in without any user

entry activity – when user entry is detected then the user session is extended by the

length of the timeout period. An admin user can also choose to log out of the modem,

which has the effect of closing the browser session and allowing another user to control the modem.

View-only user login sessions do not use any timeout and are maintained until the browser session is closed. They are also unaffected by whether the modem is under local or remote control.

In Giveaway mode, control is passed to the first admin user that logs in. If an attempt is made to log in as admin when there is already an admin user logged in, then the login will

succeed but the user will have view-only permissions, thereby ensuring there can never be two users in control of the modem at the same time.

In order to allow a switch back to local control from Giveaway mode, when there is no remote admin user logged in, the local front panel interface can gain control at any time simply by issuing a command from the front panel user interface. While a remote admin

user is logged in then the local front panel interface is restricted to viewing modem settings only.

Once a local user has gained control in Giveaway mode, they can then change the

modem back to local control, thereby locking out remote admin users. Note that unless

the switch back is done, local front panel interface control will time out in a similar way to

remote admin users and thereby control may be taken away again by a remote admin

user.

During the period between an admin user logging out and either another admin login or a

command being issued via the local front panel interface to gain control, no user is in control of the modem.

Although there is no explicit login associated with the local front panel interface, there is an implicit login when a key is first pressed. Conceptually, a user at the local front panel

interface is logged in as admin when in Giveaway mode and there is no remote admin user currently logged in, otherwise the local front panel interface is logged in as a viewonly user. In Giveaway mode, the user at the local front panel interface can explicitly log out by pressing the Main key.

1.17.3 Takeaway Mode

In Takeaway mode, either the user at the local front panel interface or a remote admin

user can control the modem at any time. In this mode there is no restriction on the

number of admin users that can be logged in at one time. When the modem is switched out of Takeaway mode to Local mode then all remote admin users will be automatically

logged out. When it is switched from Takeaway to Giveaway, then all but one instance of

admin users will be automatically logged out. Although technically only one user is in

control at any time, control is relinquished as soon as a command is sent and therefore different control requests from different users are simply interleaved with each other. Because of this, Takeaway mode is best used in circumstances where there are clear operational procedures in place to avoid conflicts arising in relation to modem control.

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1.18 Front Panel Interface

1.18.1 Keypad Operation

1.18.1.1 Cursor

A cursor (shown in inverse video) is used to highlight the current position on the LCD display. This is used when making menu selections and when entering values.

1.18.1.2 Navigation Keys

Menus are displayed as a hierarchy of sub-menus. Navigation is performed using either

the arrow and ENTER keys or by entry of the menu identification number that immediately

precedes each menu name.

The Up arrow key navigates between menu options by moving the cursor up one line

except when entering a numeric value when it increments the digit highlighted by the

cursor. (Note that when entering the values of timeslots to be dropped or inserted the Up

arrow key is used to enter a hyphen.)

The Down arrow key navigates between menu options by moving the cursor down one

line except when entering a numeric value when it decrements the digit highlighted by the cursor. (Note that when entering the values of timeslots to be dropped or inserted the

Down arrow key is used to enter a comma.) The Left arrow key moves the cursor to the left. On a menu this is used to navigate

between menu options. When entering an alphanumeric value it moves the cursor to the

preceding digit. The Left arrow key has a special function when viewing the system log,

where it is used to move backwards in the log by 100 entries.

The Right arrow key moves the cursor to the right. On a menu this is used to navigate

between menu options. When entering an alphanumeric value it moves the cursor to the

next digit. The Right arrow key has a special function when viewing the system log, where

it is used to move forwards in the log by 100 entries. (Note that when entering the values of timeslots to be dropped or inserted the 0 key pressed together at the same time as the

Right arrow key deletes the character at the cursor.) The MAIN key returns the user to the MAIN menu from anywhere in the menu hierarchy. On a menu, the ENTER key is used to navigate to the submenu highlighted by the cursor.

When entering or selecting a new value, the ENTER key is used to accept the new value and a further press of the ENTER key is required to move to the next screen (with the exception of the ‘configure all’ function where one press of the ENTER key provides both

steps). Note that when a new value is accepted, it is applied to the modem hardware immediately.

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On a menu, the BACK key is used to navigate to the previous screen. When entering or selecting a new value, the BACK key is used to cancel any change to the current value

and move backward to the previous screen.

1.18.1.3 Alphanumeric Keys

The alphanumeric keys provide numeric entry. In special cases, where it is valid to enter alphabetic characters, repeated pressing of a numeric key will cause the key to cycle through its associated lower case and then upper case alphabetic characters (in a similar way to a mobile phone).

1.18.1.4 Special Function Keys

Help

Help information can be displayed for any M&C control by holding down the 0 key and

pressing the Left arrow key together while the screen containing the M&C control is

displayed. This brings up scrollable text that explains the M&C control’s function.

Pressing the 0 key and Left arrow key together for a second time removes the Help text

and reverts the display back to its previous contents.

Keyboard Lock

The keypad can be locked against inadvertent use by holding down the 0 key and

pressing the MAIN key together at the same time. Pressing the two keys again at the

same time unlocks the keypad.

LCD Contrast

The contrast of the LCD display can be adjusted by holding down the 0 key and pressing

the Up (or Down) arrow key together at the same time. The Up arrow key increases the contrast and the Down arrow key decreases the contrast.

LCD Backlight

The LCD backlight can be switched off or on by holding down the 0 key and pressing the

ENTER key together at the same time.

Log/Alarm Clear

The system log and system alarms can be cleared by pressing the 0 key when on the relevant log or alarm display screen.

Buffer Overflow / Underflow clear

The buffer Overflow and Underflow slip counters can be cleared by pressing the 0 key when on the relevant status/demodulator display screen.

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1.18.2 LCD Screen Layout

The front panel user interface uses a menu system to present choices to the user. These in turn allow either the selection of a value from a list of options or require the entering of a new value. Examples of these types of screen are shown below.

Station clock source: [None] 1:None 2:BNC 3:RS422

Screen Type 1: Menu Selection from Pre-defined List

IF carrier freq:50 to 90, 100 to 180MHz [070.0000] Step 100Hz New: 070.0000

Screen Type 2: Entry of New Value

Note: features that are not available appear on the display are preceded by a ‘#’. There are several reasons why a feature may not be available:

• The feature is a Software Activated Feature (SAF) and the appropriate SAF code has not been enabled. Please contact Paradise Sales who can issue a SAF key to unlock the feature. Alternatively, all SAF features can be enabled for a limited time as described in Section 8.5.

• The feature is ‘advanced’ and the user level setting is ‘basic’. This is a mechanism that has been added to simplify the user interface by hiding options that are less frequently used. Advanced features can be displayed using the process described in Section 7.3.3.3.

• The feature is available but its use is precluded by the current operational modem settings (for example, in normal use, Reed-Solomon ‘n’ and ‘k’ values are controlled automatically and cannot be set by the user).

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1.19 Front Panel Menu Structure

The menu hierarchy for the front panel is described in the following sections.

1.19.1 Main Menu

Main: 1:Status 2:Edit 3:View 4:Test 5:Common [London-New York]

The Main menu can be accessed from any display by pressing the MAIN key. It is from this

menu that all functions are selected.

It contains the following sub-menus:

Status Displays modem operational status summary information. Edit Allows modification of all modem configurable properties. View Displays detailed operational status and read-only configurable property

values.

Test Controls the selection of test modes. Common This provides quick access (with fewer key presses) to the most commonly

used user settings once a modem has been set up for the first time and the link has been established (carrier mute, power levels, frequencies, data rates, modulation and FEC rates). Since all of these options are described

elsewhere in this document, the Common menu is not described further.

A user-settable Modem Identifier is shown on the bottom line of the screen and is typically used to specify the physical location of the modem or identify the modem satellite link. This can be set as described in Section 7.3.3.3.1.

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1.19.2 Status Menu

Front Panel Status Menus

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1:Setup 2:Traffic 3:Demodulator 4:PCMA 5:ACM 6:BUC 7:Misc

The Status menu contains the current modem status split over several screens as described below.

Status-Setup Screen

Tx:70.0000MHz Rx:74.0000MHz 2048000bps 2048000bps 4096000sps 4096000sps

This screen is constantly updated with the following information:

• Transmit carrier frequency

• Receive carrier frequency

• Transmit terrestrial data rate

• Receive terrestrial data rate

• Transmit symbol rate

• Receive symbol rate

Status-Traffic Screen

Tx OK since 10:14:46 on 6/4/05 Rx OK since 10:14:46 on 6/4/05 Carrier:Mute-Brk

This screen is constantly updated with the following information:

• When there is no transmit path fault then the message ‘Tx OK since HH:MM:SS on DD/MM/YY’ is displayed (where ‘HH’ indicates hours, ‘MM’ indicates minutes, ‘SS’ indicates seconds, ‘DD’ indicates the day of the month, ‘MM’ indicates the month of the year and ‘YY’ indicates the year). When a transmit path fault exists then a fault message is displayed instead that indicates the nature of the fault.

• When there is no receive path fault then the message ‘Rx OK since HH:MM:SS on DD/MM/YY’ is displayed (where the time and date format is as explained above).

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When a receive path fault exists then a fault message is displayed instead that indicates the nature of the fault.

• The transmit carrier status, which displays one of the following.

o 'Normal': the carrier is on. o 'Mute-Ext': the carrier is muted due to an alarm detected by the modem

hardware.

o 'Mute-Ter': the carrier is muted due to either the terrestrial Tx RTS pin being

active (this is an input signal that can be used to mute the carrier under external control as required) or some other problem being experienced with the terrestrial interface.

o 'Mute-1:1': the carrier is muted due to being the Standby modem in a 1-for-1

Standby system.

o 'Mute-Brk': the carrier is muted due to a power outage. o 'Mute-Flt': the carrier is muted due to an alarm detected by the modem

software.

o 'Mute-Cfg': the carrier is muted due to the modem being in the process of

reconfiguring.

o 'Mute-Off': the carrier has been muted by the user.

Status-Demodulator Screen

Eb/No:6.3dB BER:<1.0E-12 Rx power:-33dBm Buffer: 57% Freq offset:0.0Hz O:1 U:0

This screen is constantly updated with the following information:

• The receive path Eb/No figure (energy per bit to spectral noise density ratio). This is

replaced by Es/No (energy per symbol to spectral noise density ratio) when the Down

arrow is selected.

• The receive path final bit error rate (BER). Please note that this figure gives only a crude indication of BER linked directly to the Eb/No measurement. In most instances the actual BER is significantly better when measured using either the internal PRBS BERT or external equipment.

• The receive path power level.

• The receive path buffer fill status.

• The receive signal frequency offset from the carrier centre frequency. This is the

measured error of the received carrier, relative to the expected frequency. It can be used to determine any frequency shift due to the satellite and frequency conversion equipment.

• Number of Doppler buffer slips in relation to overflows and underflows (shown on the

display as O and U respectively). The counts can be cleared by pressing the 0 key

while on this screen. The counts are also cleared when the demodulator goes out of

lock. Note that the Doppler buffer is not used when Satellite clock is selected as the

Rx clock source.

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Status-PCMA Screen

PCMA: Locked Offset: 0.02kHz Delay: 262.1ms

This screen shows the status of Paired Carrier.

• PCMA status is shown as Locked when Paired Carrier has locked to one of the

overlapping carriers. Note that when Paired Carrier is enabled, the demodulator cannot

lock until Paired Carrier has locked. PCMA status is shown as Unlocked when Paired Carrier has not managed to lock to a carrier. Please consult the separate Paired Carrier Quick Start Guide for a list of potential causes. If Paired Carrier is disabled then PCMA status will be shown as P C MA disabled.

• The frequency offset between the two interfering overlapped carriers is shown on the second line.

• The measured delay to the satellite is shown on the third line. Once this value is established then the carrier acquisition time can be reduced by setting the Paired Carrier minimum and maximum satellite delays accordingly (it is recommended that these are set to the measured delay -/+0.5ms respectively) via the

Edit/Rx/Carrier/Advanced/PCMA menu.

Status-ACM Screen

Remote Es/No: 11.3dB Tx: 16APSK 8/9 10243830bps ACM: On Rx: 8PSK 5/6 523830bps ACM: Off

This screen is constantly updated with the following information (some of which potentially change dynamically) when ACM is active:

• The remote modem’s Es/No (energy per symbol to spectral noise density ratio).

• The transmit path modulation, FEC rate and data rate, along with the on/off status for

ACM in the transmit path. When ACM is on, the modulation, FEC rate and data rate will change dynamically in response to changes in Es/No.

• The receive path modulation, FEC rate and data rate, along with the on/off status for ACM in the receive path. When ACM is on, the modulation, FEC rate and data rate will change dynamically in response to changes in Es/No.

ACM operation is described in Section 8.12.14.

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Status-BUC Screen

Output: 40.0dBm Mode: Terminal RF: -15.3dBm BUC: -10.0dB Status: 25ºC Type: 10W 12.8A

This screen is available only on L-band modems. It is updated with the following information:

• Output: this is the output power in dBm at the waveguide flange, or Off if the BUC is

not transmitting.

• Mode: in Terminal (closed loop) mode, this presents the Terminal RF output power

level (i.e. the modem output power to the BUC) and the BUC attenuation level. In open loop mode, Terminal RF and BUC attenuation data is not shown and instead the

mode is shown as Independent.

• Status: this shows the temperature in degrees Centigrade reported by the BUC.

• Type: this field shows the BUC power class in Watts and the BUC current level in

Amperes.

Status-Misc Screen

1:AUPC #:1-for-N 3:ABIS 4:LARGE

The Status-Misc menu contains the status of miscellaneous modem features split over

several screens as described below. Note that the 1-for-N screen is not available unless the modem is the standby modem in a 1-for-N redundancy switch. The 1-for-N

redundancy switch user interface is documented separately in the document ‘Installation and Operating Handbook for Quantum and Evolution Series Redundancy Switches’.

Status-Misc-AUPC Screen

Remote Eb/No: 8dB Power offset: 2.1dB Link: OK

This screen is constantly updated with the following information:

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• Remote Eb/No: this is the instantaneous Eb/No measured by the remote modem

while AUPC is enabled.

• Power offset: this is the instantaneous offset that has been applied to the modem Tx

power output level to maintain the remote Eb/No at a constant level.

• Link: this is the status of the ESC link, which is used to pass AUPC control messages

to the remote modem and to read back the remote Eb/No level. The status is set to

Failed if the link is not working correctly otherwise the status is shown as OK.

Selecting the Down arrow displays the following screen.

Distant Eb/No: 8dB Target: 10.0+/-0.1dB Delta power: 2.1dB

This screen is constantly updated with the following information:

• Distant Eb/No: this is the instantaneous Eb/No measured by the remote modem while

AUPC is enabled.

• Target: this is the target Eb/No level set for the remote modem.

• Delta power: this is the instantaneous offset that has been applied to the modem Tx

power output level to maintain the remote Eb/No at a constant level.

Selecting the Down arrow displays the following screen.

Limits:+1.0dB -1.0dB Slew: Unlimited Comms loss action: Nominal

This screen shows the following information:

• Limits: this shows the AUPC positive and negative power offset limits – see the Edit- Tx-Carrier-Advanced-AUPC section for more details of how these are used.

• Slew: this shows the instantaneous slew rate is the target Eb/No level set for the

remote modem.

• Comms loss action: this shows the action to be taken in the event that communications with the remote modem fail – see the Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced- AUPC section for more details of the loss action options.

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Status-Misc-ABIS Screen

When a Sat-ABIS interface card is fitted this screen is constantly updated with the achieved ABIS compression ratio, the instantaneous bandwidth being used and the dropped TRAU count.

Status-Misc-Large Font Screen

Eb/No: >15dB

ID:London-New York

This screen shows the receive path Eb/No figure (energy per bit to spectral noise density ratio) in large font for easy viewing. It shows the user-settable Modem Identifier on the

bottom line of the screen. Selecting the Down arrow displays the following screen.

Es/No: >15dB

ID:London-New York

This screen shows the receive path Es/No figure (energy per symbol to spectral noise density ratio) in large font for easy viewing. It shows the user-settable Modem Identifier on

the bottom line of the screen. Selecting the Down arrow displays the following screen.

BER: 1.0E-12

ID:London-New York

This screen shows the receive path final bit error rate (BER) in large font for easy viewing. It shows the user-settable Modem Identifier on the bottom line of the screen. Selecting the

Down arrow displays the following screen.

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Rx power: -38dBm

ID:London-New York

This screen shows the receive signal power level in large font for easy viewing. It shows the user-settable Modem Identifier on the bottom line of the screen.

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1.19.3 Edit Menu

Edit: 1:All 2:Tx 3:Rx 4:Unit 5:Memories 6:Redundancy

This menu contains the following options:

• All. This option leads the user through the most commonly used modem settings,

giving a quick way of setting up the modem. The sequence can be terminated at any

time by pressing the MAIN key.

• Tx. This selects the transmit path edit submenu, which allows all of the modem Tx

properties to be changed.

• Rx. This option selects the receive path edit submenu, which allows all of the modem

Rx properties to be changed.

• Unit. This selects the unit edit submenu. This allows all of the modem properties that

are independent of the Tx and Rx paths to be changed.

• Memories. This option selects the configuration memory submenu, which allows the

modem configuration to be saved or a previous configuration to be recalled.

• Redundancy. This contains submenus that control the operation of 1:1 and 1:N

redundancy systems.

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1.19.3.1 Edit-Tx Menu

Front Panel Edit-Tx Menus

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1:Service 2:Baseband 3:Clocks 4:Modulation 5:FEC 6:Scrambler 7:Carrier

The Edit/Tx menu contains the following options:

• Service. This option allows the selection of the framing mode for the modem.

• Baseband. This option leads to a submenu that allows terrestrial framing, timeslots

and overhead to be configured.

• Clocks. This allows the transmit path clock source to be selected.

• Modulation. This leads to a submenu that allows the modulation scheme to be

configured.

• FEC. This leads to a submenu that contains options for selecting the inner and outer

forward error correction (FEC) schemes.

• Scrambler. This leads to a submenu that allows scrambling to be controlled.

• Carrier. This leads to a submenu that allows the carrier, frequency, power, spectrum

inversion and AUPC (Automatic Power Up-link Control) to be controlled.

1.19.3.1.1 Edit-Tx-Service Screen

Tx service: [Closed] 1:Off 2:Closed 3:Cl+ESC 4:IBS/SMS 5:IDR 6:OM-73 7:DVBS2

Options:

Off

The Tx service is switched off.

Closed network

This mode adds no overhead to the data and is compatible with other closed network equipment. It is provided as part of the base modem.

Closed network plus ESC

This adds the lowest possible overhead to the satellite data to provide whatever ESC rate is selected (the variable-rate ESC channel can provide up to 70% of the main channel rate). It also provides a backward alarm facility. Above 32kbps a synchronous scrambler is used in place of the error-multiplying V.35 scrambler normally used on closed networks. This mode supports drop and insert and maintains timeslot identity. This

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mode is provided as part of the base modem.

IBS/SMS

This is an open network mode where 1/15 framing overhead is added to the data. This mode is compatible with other open network equipment. IBS/SMS mode is described in Section

8.2.1. This mode requires the IBS SAF feature.

IDR

This mode adds 96kbps of framing overhead to the data. This mode is compatible with other open network equipment. IDR mode is described in Section 8.2.2. This mode requires an IDR option card to be fitted.

OM-73

This mode provides OM-73 scrambling, symbol mapping and OM-73 Viterbi compatibility and requires the OM-73 SAF feature.

DVBS2 (Quantum only)

This selects the DVB-S2 service. When selected, a ‘pure’ DVB-S2 service is provided with all SCPC features (such as Drop and Insert, IBS, ESC channel, etc.) disabled.

Note that there are two ways of enabling DVB-S2 and this particular option should be used only for IP, which, through the use of standard IP over DVB encapsulation methods is interoperable at a basic level with other manufacturer’s DVBS2 equipment.

DVB-S2 interoperability with other vendors is not supported when using other terrestrial interfaces and therefore the DVB-

S2 service should not be used. Instead, the SmartLink mode

should be selected from the FEC type menu. If DVB-S2 is required but no SCPC features are required then as well as

selecting SmartLink, the Tx service should be set to Closed network as this does not add any extra framing to that provided by DVB-S2.

Once DVB-S2 has been selected, various other DVB-S2 configuration menu options become available, including choice of modulation and FEC rate, as well as DVB-S2 FEC frame size choice and DVB-S2 pilots.

Factory default: Off

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Description: Framing mode for the Tx path. In general, on the Quantum, all

combinations of SCPC and DVB-S2 services are provided including DVB-S2 outbound with SCPC return, SCPC both outbound and inbound,

DVB-S2 both outbound and inbound, etc. SmartLink mode (see the Edit- Tx-FEC-Inner-FEC screen) allows SCPC features such as Drop and

Insert and the ESC channel to be overlaid on top of DVB-S2, thereby allowing legacy applications to benefit from the bandwidth saving efficiencies and extra robustness of DVB-S2.

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1.19.3.1.2 Edit-Tx-Baseband Menu

Baseband: 1:Mode 2:Data rate 3:Audio mode 4:Advanced

This menu contains the following options:

• Mode. This controls the transmit baseband mode.

• Data rate. This sets the terrestrial transmit data rate.

• Audio mode. This controls the audio/data baseband mode format in IBS/SMS

emulation mode. It is possible to generate a 64kbps data stream from the two 32kbps ADPCM audio ports on the IDR card or a composite128kbps data stream can be generated from the two 32kbps ADPCM audio ports plus 64kbps from the main data port.

• Advanced. When the user level is set to Advanced, this allows configuration of framing, timeslots and overhead.

Edit-Tx-Baseband Mode Screen

Options:

Baseband mode: [Continuous] 1:Continuous 2:Drop MUX 3:Audio/data

Continuous

This selects normal continuous data interface operation.

Drop MUX

This requires the Drop and Insert SAF features to be enabled. It processes a T1 or E1 PCM bearer, with Tx data being dropped from specific timeslots of the bearer (on the Rx side, data can be inserted back into the same timeslots or into different timeslots).

Audio/data

This requires an IDR card to be fitted, plus IBS/SMS satellite framing, which provides a P1348 emulation mode. It uses the audio ports normally used for the IDR audio ESC circuit, as the main traffic data. A 64kbps carrier can be generated, comprising two 32kbps ADPCM audio channels,

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or a 128kbps carrier can be generated, comprising 64kbps data (from the modem main data interface) plus two 32kbps ADPCM audio channels. These modes emulate the popular P1348/P1448 voice/data MUX card.

Factory default:

Continuous

Description: Mode selection for baseband processing.

Edit-Tx-Baseband-Data Rate Screen

Tx data rate:4800 to 60000000bps [02048000] Step 1bps New: 02048000

Units: Bps Minimum value: 4800 Maximum value: Modem specific – see datasheet for particular modem model. Step size: 1 Factory default: 2048000

Description: Terrestrial bit rate. This is used in Continuous mode but is automatically

set in other baseband modes.

The upper data rate limit is set according to which SAF data rates have been enabled and is model specific. Note that the full data range is not available in every mode of operation and may be restricted by other settings such as the terrestrial interface type, Framing service, FEC type and FEC rate. If the maximum valid data rate is exceeded then a configuration warning will be generated.

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Edit-Tx-Baseband-Advanced Menu

Advanced: 1:Framing 2:Timeslots 3:Overhead

When the user level is set to Advanced (see the Edit-Unit-Advanced-User Level screen),

this menu allows configuration of framing, timeslots and overhead.

Note that the Advanced Baseband menu, including support for framing, timeslots and overhead, is described separately in Chapter 14.

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1.19.3.1.3 Edit-Tx-Clocks Screen

Tx-path clock source: [Tx Clock In] New: Receive reference

Options:

Tx Clock In

The external clock supplied on the interface Clock In line will be used.

Should this clock fail then the modem will switch to an internal backup clock.

Internal

The modem outputs a clock on the Int Tx Clock Out line for use by external

equipment. The clock is normally generated from the internal frequency reference. Alternatively, a station clock of 10MHz can be applied to the unit and used to synchronise all internal clocks and IF synthesisers which normally use the internal reference.

Receive reference

The Tx clock is generated from the Rx output clock. This is only of any

practical use when the Rx clock is set to Satellite or Station clock.

Station

The Tx clock is generated from the station clock.

Hub

Factory default:

Internal

Description: Sets the clock source for the Tx path.

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If the Tx clock is set to Internal, a G.703 interface card is fitted but NOT currently selected and the G.703 clock extension SAF feature is enabled then the following menu will be is displayed at this point:

Use G.703 as clock reference: [Off] New: E1

This allows the G703 clock to be forwarded over satellite as a clock reference (see Section 8.8 for further details).

Options: OFF E1 T1

Factory default: OFF Description: This provides a high-stability clock over satellite derived from a G.703

card that can be used for clocking any interface in place of GPS.

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1.19.3.1.4 Edit-Tx-Modulation Screen

Modulation: [BPSK] 1:BPSK 2:QPSK 3:OQPSK 4:8PSK 5:16QAM 6:8QAM 7:16APSK 8:32APSK 9:64QAM

The table shown under Edit-Tx-FEC-Inner defines normal operation with respect to FEC

mode, FEC rate and modulation scheme.

Options:

BPSK

QPSK

OQPSK

8PSK

Requires 8PSK SAF feature.

pplicable to TCM, TPC and FastLink

LDPC.

16QAM

Requires 16QAM SAF feature. Applicable to TPC and FastLink LDPC.

8QAM

Requires 8QAM SAF feature. Applicable to FastLink LDPC.

16APSK

Requires 16APSK SAF feature. Applicable to FastLink LDPC (DVB-S2

16APSK does not require this SAF).

32APSK

Requires 32APSK SAF feature. Applicable to FastLink LDPC.

64QAM

Requires 64QAM SAF feature. Applicable to FastLink LDPC.

Factory default:

QPSK

Description: Selects the modulation used for the carrier.

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1.19.3.1.5 Edit-Tx-FEC Menu

FEC: 1:Inner 2:Outer

This menu contains the following options:

• Inner. This submenu controls the Inner FEC settings for the modem.

• Outer. This submenu controls the Outer Reed-Solomon FEC settings for the modem.

Edit-Tx-FEC-Inner Menu

Inner: 1:FEC 2:Rate

This menu contains the following options:

• FEC. This selects the Inner FEC type.

• Rate. This selects the FEC rate.

The next table defines normal operation with respect to FEC mode, FEC rate and modulation scheme.

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FEC Mode FEC Rate Modulation Scheme

Viterbi (default) 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 (default) BPSK, QPSK (default),

OQPSK Sequential 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK TCM 2/3 8PSK TPC 5/16

BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK

21/44 1/2 (Paradise) 2/3 (Paradise) 3/4 de facto

0.789 (Paradise) 7/8 de facto

7/8 (Paradise) (default)

0.93 (Paradise)

TPC 3/4 de facto

8PSK, 16QAM

7/8 de facto (default)

0.93 (Paradise) Conventional LDPC 1/2 QPSK Conventional LDPC 2/3 QPSK, 8PSK Conventional LDPC 3/4 QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM DVB-S2 (Quantum only) ¼, 1/3, 2/5, ½ QPSK DVB-S2 (Quantum only) 3/5 QPSK, 8PSK DVB-S2 (Quantum only) 2/3, ¾, 4/5, 5/6, 8/9, 9/10 QPSK, 8PSK, 16APSK FastLink LDPC 0.499 BPSK FastLink LDPC 0.532, 0.639, 0.710, 0.798 (O)QPSK FastLink LDPC 0.639, 0.710, 0.778 8PSK, 8QAM FastLink LDPC 0.726, 0.778, 0.828, 0.851 16APSK, 16QAM FastLink LDPC 0.778, 0.886, 0.886, 0.938 32APSK FastLink LDPC 0.828, 0.886, 0.938, 0.960 64QAM

Table of Normal Operation with respect to FEC Mode, FEC Rate and Modulation

Scheme

Edit-Tx-FEC-Inner-FEC Screen

FEC type: [TPC] New: SmartLink

Options:

Viterbi

Requires the Viterbi SAF feature (standard on base modem).

TCM

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

Requires the TCM SAF feature, which is provided free with the 8PSK SAF feature.

TPC

Requires the TPC SAF feature.

Sequential

Requires the Sequential SAF feature.

LDPC

Requires one or more of the LDPC data rate SAFs. This enables

Conventional LDPC. Note that this feature has been superseded by

FastLink low-latency LDPC, which gives comparable performance.

SmartLink (Quantum only)

This is provided as part of DVB-S2 and is not a SAF feature in its own right.

This selects SmartLink, which allows SCPC features to be used with DVB-

S2 ‘space segment’. DVB-S2 provides very efficient forward error correction (FEC), modulation and satellite framing and very robust

demodulation (working lower into the noise). SmartLink is described in

more detail in Section 8.13.

However, the DVB-S2 standard does not directly support various features traditionally used in SCPC links such as Drop and Insert, ESC channel,

remote M&C control, AUPC, IDR audio channels, etc. SmartLink allows

LL modem features that rely on SCPC framing (including IBS/SMS, IDR, Closed Network plus ESC, etc.) to be used in conjunction with DVB-S2, allowing legacy SCPC applications to immediately benefit from bandwidth savings and the increased robustentess of DVB-S2 while providing exactly the same services as before.

If DVB-S2 is required but no SCPC features are required then as well as

selecting SmartLink, the Tx or Rx service should be set to Closed network

as this does not add any extra framing to that provided by DVB-S2

(bypassing the framer in the diagram in Section 8.13). Note that SmartLink allows any terrestrial interface to be used with DVB-

S2. Using SmartLink in Closed network mode does not add any overhead

beyond that of DVB-S2. This therefore allows pure DVB-S2 G.703 operation, serial interface operation, etc., bringing the full efficiency benefits of DVB-S2 to all terrestrial data types, not just packet based interfaces.

Once SmartLink has been selected, various other DVB-S2 configuration

menu options become available, including choice of modulation and FEC rate, as well as DVB-S2 FEC frame size choice and DVB-S2 pilots.

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FastLink

Requires one or more of the FastLink data rate SAFs. This enables Paradise’s FastLink low-latency LDPC. FastLink gives BER performance

approaching that of conventional LDPC but with latency nearer to that of

TPC. In addition, FastLink supports modes that optimize either BER

performance or latency even further, giving the flexibility to match FEC performance more closely to the constraints of the satellite application. In

many, if not all applications, FastLink should be able to replace TPC or conventional LDPC. Note that FastLink does not suffer from the error floor

‘flaring’ problem of earlier generation LDPC FECs and consequently does not require the use of any outer codec to enhance performance.

Factory default:

Viterbi

Description: Controls the inner FEC mode. (Note that the FEC off option is no longer

available through this menu and has been moved to the Edit-Unit- Advanced-Special Modes menu.)

Edit-Tx-FEC-Inner-Rate Screen

FEC code rate: [.75(3/4) de facto ] New: .75(3/4) de facto

Options:

1/4 DVB-S2/SmartLink only.

0.312(5/16)

TPC only.

1/3 DVB-S2/SmartLink only.

2/5

DVB-S2/SmartLink only.

0.477(21/44)

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TPC only.

0.493(1/2) Paradise

TPC only.

1/2 Viterbi/Sequential/DVB-S2/SmartLink only.

3/5 DVB-S2/SmartLink only.

2/3

TCM only.

0.666(2/3) Paradise

TPC only.

3/4 Viterbi/Sequential/DVB-S2/SmartLink only.

.75(3/4) de facto

TPC only.

4/5 DVB-S2/SmartLink only.

0.789 Paradise

TPC only.

5/6 DVB-S2/SmartLink only.

7/8

Viterbi/Sequential.

0.875(7/8) de facto

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TPC only.

0.875(7/8) Paradise

TPC only.

8/9 DVB-S2/SmartLink only.

9/10 DVB-S2/SmartLink only.

0.929 Paradise

TPC only.

0.499 FastLink only.

0.532 FastLink only.

0.639 FastLink only.

0.710 FastLink only.

0.726 FastLink only.

0.778 FastLink only.

0.798 FastLink only.

0.828 FastLink only.

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

0.851 FastLink only.

0.886 FastLink only.

0.938 FastLink only.

0.960 FastLink only.

Factory default: ½ Viterbi

Description: Sets the FEC code rate i.e. the number of bits input to the Forward Error

Correction encoder relative to the number output, thereby determining the level of information redundancy and protection of the data stream against errors. (In DVB-S2 IP multistreaming mode then there will be one FEC rate screen shown for each stream, as each can be set

independently.) Not all FEC rates are available for all modulations

and FEC schemes – please check the ‘Table of Normal Operation with respect to FEC Mode, FEC Rate and Modulation Scheme’ shown in the Edit-Tx-FEC-Inner Menu section.

Note: Paradise TPC rate 7/8 was developed to give better performance than Viterbi rate 7/8ths (by about 1dB) with a similar latency. However, if you require interoperability with other manufacturers’ equipment or a better coding gain, then you should select de facto TPC rate 7/8.

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Edit-Tx-FEC-Frame Type Screen

The following screen may be shown at this point after the FEC has been selected (in DVB-S2 IP multistreaming mode then there will be one of these screens for each stream):

FEC frame size: [Normal] New:[Short]

Options:

Short

Factory default: Short

Description: Sets the DVB-S2 FEC frame size.

Selects a DVB-S2 frame size of 16200 bits.

Normal

Selects a DVB-S2 frame size of 64800 bits.

Edit-Tx-FEC-Pilots Screen

The following screen may be shown at this point after the FEC has been selected

(in DVB-S2 IP multistreaming mode then there will be one of these screens for

each stream):

Options:

Pilot tones: [Off] New:[On]

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Factory default: Of

Description: Pilot tones are an optional part of DVB-S2. They provide an

unmodulated tone at regular intervals in the transmitted data that can help receivers to lock and stay in lock particularly when using higher order modulation schemes in noisy environments. They add an overhead of around 2.5% to the transmitted data.

Edit-Tx-FEC-FastLink Optimisation Mode Screen

The following screen will be shown at this point after the FEC has been selected if FastLink has been selected:

FastLink optimisation mode: [Balanced] New:[Low latency]

Options:

Balanced

Provides performance that is a good balance between low latency and good BER performance. It is the best compromise between trying to achieve the low latency of TPC and the BER performance of conventional LDPC.

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Low latency

Provides a lower level of latency that attempts to match or beat that of TPC. This is at the expense of a small increase (typically around 0.3dB

compared to Balanced mode) in Eb/No required to achieve a specific BER

level.

Low BER

Provides better BER performance (typically reducing the Eb/No required to

achieve a particular BER level by around 0.3dB compared to Balanced

mode) at the expense of higher latency. Latency halves as data rate doubles so this mode is suitable for applications that are not latency sensitive and for higher data rate applications (nominally 2Mbps and

above).

Factory default:

Short

Description: Sets the FastLink optimisation mode. FEC design involves a trade-off

between achieving low latency and good BER performance and the optimisation mode allows performance to be slanted towards one or the other of these, or set to be a balance between both. This flexibility allows FastLink to be used in place of both TPC and conventional LDPC.

Edit-Tx-FEC-Outer Menu

Outer: 1:RS mode 2:Advanced

This menu contains the following options:

• RS mode. This controls whether the Reed-Solomon outer-FEC encoder is active.

• Advanced.This submenu allows custom values of n, k and interleaver depth to be set.

Reed-Solomon FEC is a powerful scheme wrapped around the inner FEC that can be used to correct the remaining errors from the Viterbi and TCM inner FEC. The code rate is

specified by three values, namely, n, k, and t. These have a fixed relationship of n - k = 2t, making t half the difference between n and k. A typical code rate is specified as (n, k, t) =

(126, 112, 7).

Reed-Solomon error correction works on codewords (blocks) of bytes, where n is the length of the block of which there are k bytes of original data and 2t bytes of error correction information. The Reed-Solomon codec can correct any bytes in error up to a value of t bytes. In the above example with t=7, up to seven bytes within 126 may be corrected no matter

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how many individual bits per byte are in error. However, when the error rate exceeds the correctable level, unlike other FEC schemes that degrade gracefully, Reed-Solomon fails catastrophically. Once the error correction threshold is passed then the codec considers it uncorrectable and passes the entire block uncorrected, i.e. the error rate goes from 0 to no error correction in one step. There is a small transitional area where due to the distribution of the errors, the errors in some blocks may be just below the threshold (and therefore fully correctable) and some blocks may be just above (and therefore uncorrectable). In practice, this effect gives a Reed-Solomon satellite circuit a transition from error free to unserviceable in approximately 1dB of change in Eb/No.

In addition to the (n, k, t) specification of the code rate, there is a parameter called interleaving depth, which controls the number of Reed-Solomon codewords that are

interleaved. Interleaving is used to mix up the blocks such that a burst of channel errors is distributed over a number of codewords, rather than affecting a lot of bytes from a single block, thus improving the resilience to error bursts. Interleaving is usually of depth 4 or 8.

Reed-Solomon outer FEC must never be used in the absence of an inner FEC scheme.

Section 8.8 describes how to choose optimum custom values for n and k.

Edit-Tx-FEC-Outer-RS Mode Screen

RS FEC: [Normal] 1:Off 2:Normal 3:Other

Options:

Off

Normal

Requires Reed-Solomon SAF feature (standard in base modem). In this mode the Reed-Solomon FEC is active and the modem automatically chooses appropriate values for n, k and interleaver depth.

Other

Requires both the Reed-Solomon and Custom SAF features. In this mode, the user can choose the values of n, k and interleaver depth.

Factory default:

Off

Description: Controls whether the Reed-Solomon oute

-FEC encoder is active.

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Edit-Tx-FEC-Outer-Advanced Menu

Advanced: 1:RS N 2:RS K 3:Interleave

This menu can be selected (when user level is set to Advanced) following the setting of the

modulation type. It contains the following options:

• RSN. This sets the Reed-Solomon codeword length, i.e. k data symbols + (n - k) parity

symbols, where (n - k)/2 symbol errors per codeword can be corrected.

• RSK. This sets the number of data symbols per Reed-Solomon codeword (range (n -

2) to (n - 20) in steps of 2).

• Interleave. This is used to set the Reed-Solomon interleaver depth, which controls

resilience to burst errors (larger depth gives best BER) through data dispersal at the

expense of introducing processing delay.

The table below defines normal Reed-Solomon operation.

Normal RS

Service FEC Terrestrial Data Rate Type (n,k,t) Depth

Off x x x x x

Closed, IBS/SMS, IDR, Closed+ESC, OM73 TCM

IDR Other

Closed, IBS/SMS, Closed+ESC, OM73 Other all (126,112,7)

>1544k

<=1544k

2048k 1544k (225,205,10) 6312k 8448k

Other (126,112,7)

Intelsat

(219,201,9)

(194,178,8)

Table of Reed-Solomon N, K and Interleaver Depth Values for Normal Operation

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Edit-Tx-FEC-Outer-Advanced RSN (Codeword Length) Screen

RS n value:60 to 255symbols [126] Step 1 symbols New: 126

Units: s

mbols

Minimum value: 60 Maximum value: 255 Step size: 1 Factory default: 126

Description: Reed-Solomon codeword length, i.e. k data symbols + (n - k) parity

symbols, where (n - k)/2 symbol errors per codeword can be corrected.

Edit-Tx-FEC-Outer-Advanced RSK (Data Length) Screen

RS k value:40 to 253symbols [112] Step 2 symbols New: 112

Units: symbols Minimum value: 40 Maximum value: 253 Step size: 2 Factory default: 112

Description: Number of data symbols per Reed-Solomon codeword (range (n - 2) to

(n - 20) in steps of 2).

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Edit-Tx-FEC-Outer-Advanced interleaver Depth Screen

RS interleaver depth: [4 codewords] 1:4 codewords 2:8 codewords 3:12 codewords

Options:

4 code-words 8 code-words 12 code-words

Factory default: 4 code-words

Description: Controls resilience to burst errors (larger depth gives best BER) through

data dispersal at the expense of introducing processing delay.

1.19.3.1.6 Edit-Tx-Scrambler Menu

Scrambler: 1:Enable 2:Type

This menu contains the following options:

• Enable. This is the master control for all scramblers. It can be used to switch

scrambling off or on. When on, the choice of scrambler can be made automatically by the modem or selected manually.

• Type. This option selects the type of scrambler to apply when manual control of the

scrambler type is active (i.e. when automatic selection is switched off).

The following table defines normal operation with respect to scrambler selection.

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Service Scrambler Availability

IBS/SMS IBS/SMS (default), Intelsat-RS

IDR, Closed Intelsat-RS (default if RS mode is

Closed Network Plus ESC

OM-73 OM-73

Table of Valid Scrambler Options in Normal Operation

Edit-Tx-Scrambler-Enable Screen

(available only if RS mode is On), V.35, OM-73, Turbo (available only if FEC mode is TPC)

On and FEC mode is not TPC; available only if RS mode is On), V.35 (default if FEC mode is not TPC and RS mode is Off), OM-73, Turbo (default if FEC mode is TPC; available only if FEC mode is TPC) IBS/SMS (default if terrestrial data rate is >= 32000 and RS mode is Off), Intelsat-RS (default if RS mode is On), V.35, OM-73, Turbo (available only if FEC mode is TPC)

Scrambler mode: [Other] 1:Off 2:Normal 3:Other

Options:

Off Normal Other

Factory default: Normal

Description: Master control for all scramblers. In Normal mode, scrambler settings are

set automatically.

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Edit-Tx-Scrambler-Type Screen

Scrambler type: [V.35 ] New: V.35

Options:

IBS/SMS

Only available in Closed Network plus ESC (above 32kbps) and IBS/SMS.

V.35 This self synchronizing scrambler will multiply the errors, degrading

performance.

Turbo

Only available in when the TPC FEC is selected.

OM-73

Intelsat Reed-Solomon

Only available when the Reed-Solomon FEC is selected.

Factory default:

V.35

Description: Controls the type of scrambler to apply. Only available when scrambler

selection is set to Other.

Edit-Tx-Scrambler-Type-V.35 Screen

V.35 scrambler type: [Intelsat (normal)] New: Intelsat (normal)

Options:

Intelsat (normal)

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Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook

)

Fairchild Linkabit CCITT

Factor

default: Intelsat (normal

Description: Controls the particular type of scrambler to apply when V.35 scrambling

is enabled. Only available when scrambler selection is set to Other.

1.19.3.1.7 Edit-Tx-Carrier Menu

Carrier:1:Enable 2:Power 3:Frequency 4:Inversion 5:Roll-off 6:Advanced

This menu has the following options:

• Enable. This controls the carrier (on/off).

• Power. This option controls the IF output power level.

• Frequency. This sets the IF frequency used to transmit to the satellite.

• Inversion. This controls whether the I and Q channel outputs are swapped, to give

Spectrum Inversion.

• Roll-off. This controls the slope (gradient) of the carrier at its edges and therefore

controls the occupied bandwidth.

• Advanced. This submenu provides AUPC (Automatic Up-link Power Control), BUC

Type selection and BUC control menus. AUPC attempts to maintain the remote Eb/No at a specified target level by varying the local modem transmit power level. Note that

when AUPC is active then the ESC overhead channel is not available for user data.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Enable Screen

Carrier mode: [On] [Off] New: Off

Options:

Off

The carrier is off.

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The carrier is on and will remain on even after the equipment is switched off and on again.

On-mute if outage (mute if power break)

Mute on power break requires confirmation of transmission (i.e. selecting Edit/Unit/Advanced/Operation and select `Ack Pwr Bre`) following a power outage.

Rx enabled

When enabled, then the carrier will be switched off whenever an Rx traffic fault is present in the modem.

RTS enabled

When RTS is enabled then the carrier is controlled by the interface RTS line.

Factory default:

Off

Description: Tx carrier control.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Power Screen (IF Modem)

IF output power:-25 to 0dBm [-10.0] Step 0.1dBm New: -10.0

Units: dBm Minimum value: -25.0 Maximum value: 0 Step size: 0.1 Factory default: -20.0

Description: Tx IF output power level.

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Edit-Tx-Carrier-Power Screen (L-band Modem)

RF output power:-30 to 0dBm [-10.0] Step 0.1dBm New: -10.0

Units: dBm Minimum value: -30.0 Maximum value: 0 Step size: 0.1 Factory default: -30.0

Description: Tx L-band output power level.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Frequency Screen (IF Modem)

IF carrier freq: 50 to 90, 100 to 180MHz [070.0000] Step 100Hz New: 070.0000

Units: MHz Minimum value: 50.0000 Maximum value: 180.0000 Step size: 0.0001 Factory default: 70.0000

Description: Tx IF frequency used to transmit to satellite. Note that values between

90 and 100MHz cannot be selected.

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Edit-Tx-Carrier-Frequency Screen (L-band Modem)

IF carrier freq: 950 to 2050MHz [950.0000] Step 100Hz New: 950.0000

Units: MHz Minimum value: 950.0000 Maximum value: 2050.0000 Step size: 0.0001 Factory default: 950.0000

Description: Tx L-band frequency used to transmit to satellite.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Inversion Screen

Rx spectral inversion: [On] 1:Off 2:On

Factory default: Of

Description: Controls whether the I and Q channel outputs are swapped.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Roll-off Screen

Filter roll-off: [35%] New: 20%

Options:

35%

This selects a filter roll-off factor of 35%.

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25%

This selects a filter roll-off factor of 25%.

20%

This selects a filter roll-off factor of 20%.

Factory default: 35%

Description: Controls the slope of the carrier at its edges and therefore has an effect

on both occupied bandwidth and the potential for interference from adjacent carriers. A factor of 20% is the most bandwidth efficient.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-AUPC Menu

AUPC:1:Mode 2:Target Eb/No 3:Power offset

This menu contains the following options:

• Mode. This controls the ability to attempt to maintain the remote Eb/No at a specified

target level by varying the local modem transmit power level.

• Target Eb/No. This is used to set a target Eb/No for the distant modem that this modem tries to maintain by adjusting the transmit power level.

• Power offset. This sets the maximum increase in transmit power level that can be

made to maintain the distant Eb/No.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-AUPC-Mode Screen

AUPC mode: [Off] 1:Off 2:Monitor 3:Maintain

Options:

Off

Monitor remote Eb/No

In this mode, the modem will monitor the Eb/No of the remote modem via

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the ESC, without making any changes to the Tx power level.

Maintain remote Eb/No

In this mode, the modem will attempt to maintain the remote Eb/No at the specified target level.

s with Monitor remote Eb/No above, it uses the

ESC to maintain the distant end Eb/No.

Factory default:

Off

Description: This controls the AUPC mode of operation. Note that both modems must

be placed in either Monitor or Maintain mode for AUPC to work. Typically, the local controlling modem is placed in Maintain mode and the remote modem is placed in Monitor mode (unless it is also controlling

another modem via AUPC). If AUPC is switched off in the remote modem then the modem in question will not respond to requests to provide Eb/No information. See Section 8.3 for a full description of AUPC.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-AUPC-Method Screen

AUPC method: [Normal] New: Normal

Options:

Normal

This should be selected when two Quantum/Evolution modems are at either ends of the satellite link.

Self

In this mode, the modem will adjust power output in an attempt to maintain the Eb/No at its target level using the Eb/No from its own received carrier rather than the Eb/No value being passed back from any remote modem.

P300

This should be selected when the distant end modem is a P300 series modem. This uses a P300 style of ESC communications involving RS485, as opposed to native Evolution/Quantum ESC communications, which use IP over the ESC channel. The P300 RS485 messages are more concise and may reduce ESC bandwidth requirements.

Factory Normal

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default:

Description: This controls the AUPC method of operation.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-AUPC-Carrier-Loss-Action Screen

Carrier loss action: [Freeze at current value] New: Freeze at current value

Options:

Set to Nominal

The AUPC delta power is set to zero, so the carrier returns to its nominal power.

Freeze at current value

The carrier power is frozen at its current value.

Set to max

The AUPC delta power increases to the maximum power limit as set on the AUPC Max positive delta power screen.

Factory default:

Set to Nominal

Description: This controls the AUPC delta power action in the event of losing the

incoming carrier. In most cases this should be set to Nominal.

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Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-AUPC-Eb/No Screen

Target remote EbNo:0.1 to 14.9dB [3.1] Step 0.1dB New: 3.1

Units: dB Minimum value: 0.1 Maximum value: 14.9 Step size: 0.1 Factory default: 10.0

Description: This is the distant Eb/No that AUPC tries to maintain by adjusting the Tx

power level.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-AUPC-Power Offset Screen

Max power offset:0 to 25dBm [1.0] Step 0.1dBm New: 1.0

Units: dBm Minimum value: 0 Maximum value: 25 Step size: 0.1 Factory default: 1

Description: This is the maximum increase in Tx power level that AUPC is allowed to

make to maintain distant Eb/No.

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Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-AUPC-Power-Negative Offset Screen

Max neg. power off:0 to 25dBm [1.0] Step 0.1dBm New: 1.0

Units: dBm Minimum value: 0 Maximum value: 25 Step size: 0.1 Factory default: 1

Description: This is the maximum decrease in Tx power level that AUPC is allowed to

make to maintain distant Eb/No.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC Control Menu

The following BUC screens are available only on L-band modems.

BUC: 1:Power offset 2:BUC type 3:PSU 4:Reference 5:Output 6:Attenuation 7:1-for-1

This menu contains the following options:

• Power offset. This allows the user to set the system gain or loss after the modem,

so the modem can display the transmit carrier level in terms of either the transmit power or EIRP, measured in dBm or dBW.

• BUC type. Allows the type of BUC to be selected from a list of supported BUCs,

with the option of either open loop control (Independent mode) or closed loop control (Terminal mode). In closed loop mode, the modem attempts to maintain a constant BUC output power by adjusting the modem output power and BUC attenuation level.

• PSU. If the modem is fitted with an internal DC power supply option then this screen

allows the user to turn on or off the DC power supply to the BUC.

• Reference. This controls whether the modem provides a 10MHz reference signal to

the BUC.

• Output. Turns the BUC RF output on or off.

• Attenuation. This allows the user to vary the BUC attenuator level.

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• 1-for-1. This controls whether BUC services (i.e. DC supply and 10MHz reference)

stay with the on-line modem or switch to the standby modem when a 1-for-1 switchover occurs in a 1-for-1 redundant pair of modems. Note that FSK

communications will always be switched over.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC Power Offset Screen

Tx power offset: -99.9 to 99.9dB [-00.0] Step 0.1dB New: -00.0

Units: dBm/dBw Minimum value: -99 Maximum value: +99 Step size: 0.1dB Factory default: 0

Description: This screen allows the modem to display and the user to edit the final

SHF power instead of the IF carrier level. Use the up/down arrows to change the sign. Once set, the user is navigated to the Tx power units selection screen.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC Power Units Screen

This allows the user to set the modem to display and edit the Tx carrier level in terms of either the Tx Power or EIRP, measured in dBm or dBW.

Tx power units: [dBm] 1: dBm 2: dBw

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Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC Type Screen

BUC Type: [None] New: C 5.8 – 6.425 GHz

Options:

None

There is no BUC attached or it is controlled independently.

Other

If you are not using a Paradise BUC, select Other and manually configure the BUC parameters.

RFT5000 Ku

Uses RS485 comms to RFT5000. LO frequency: 15450 MHz

User

FSK enabled, but user must set LO frequency of BUC.

C5.85 – 6.725 GHz (CODU)

Uses RS485 comms to CO unit. LO frequency: 4900MHz

Ku 14 – 14.5 GHz (CODU)

Uses RS485 comms to CO unit. LO frequency: 13050MHz

Ext Ku 13.75 – 14.5 GHz (CODU)

Uses RS485 comms to CO unit. LO frequency: 12800MHz

RFT5000 C

Uses RS485 comms to RFT5000. LO frequency 4900 MHz

C 5.8 – 6.425 GHz (VSAT)

Only available if FSK option fitted. LO frequency: 4900MHz

PALAPA 6.425 – 6.725 GHz (VSAT)

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Only available if FSK option fitted. LO frequency: 5475MHz

INSATC 6.725 – 7.025 GHz (VSAT)

Only available if FSK option fitted. LO frequency: 5775MHz

Ku 14.0 – 14.5 GHz (VSAT)

Only available if FSK option fitted. LO frequency: 13050MHz

Offset Ku 13.75 – 14.25 GHz (VSAT)

Only available if FSK option fitted. LO frequency: 12800MHz

Factory default:

None Allows the user to select from a number of Paradise BUCs or Other if

Description

another manufacturer’s BUC is being used. If an option other than None

is selected, then the user is taken to the following Terminal Mode screen.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC Terminal Mode Screen

BUC terminal mode: [Off] 1: Off 2: On

This allows the user to select either open loop control (Independent mode) or closed loop control (Terminal mode). In closed loop mode, the modem attempts to maintain a constant BUC output power by adjusting the modem output power and BUC attenuation level. In open loop mode, no feedback from the BUC is used. Once a selection has been made and

if the BUC type has been set to Other then the following SHF Frequency Offset screen is

displayed.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC Frequency Offset Screen

SHF freq offset: -99.999 to 99.999GHz [+12.80000000] Step 100Hz New: +12.80000000

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Units: GHz Minimum value: -99.999 Maximum value: 99.999 Step size: 0.0000001GHz Factory default: 0.000

Description: This screen allows the modem to be set to display and edit the final SHF

frequencies instead of the IF frequencies. When the BUC type has been set to a known Paradise BUC and the modem has the FSK communications option then this setting is done automatically and the menu option to manually set the frequency shift is not presented.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC Power Screen

Power if over 170W: 0 to 999W 000] Step 1W New: 000

Units: W Minimum value: 0 Maximum value: 999 Step size: 1W Factor

default: 0.000

Description: This screen tells the modem what the BUC power class is. However,

this can be ignored unless a CO has been selected, with a power output greater than 170W.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC DC Supply Screen

DC supply voltage: [Off] 1: Off 2: On

This screen allows the user to control the DC to the BUC. Either +48V DC 3A (200W) or +24v DC 5.5A (200W) may be sourced via the coax (line powered) if the BUC power supply option is fitted.

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Severe damage may occur if a DC supply is fed to a BUC not configured to be `Line powered`.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC 10MHz Reference Screen

10MHz reference: [Off] 1: Off 2: On

By selecting On, the modem’s internal 10MHz reference signal can be sourced from the

modem up the coaxial site cable to the BUC.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC Output Screen

BUC carrier: [Off] 1: Off 2: On

This switches the BUC Tx carrier on and off independently of the modem’s Tx carrier on/off control. This may be useful where one BUC carries several carriers (passively combined but with one modem providing DC/10MHz Ref/FSK) and you wish to mute all the carriers.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC Attenuation Screen

BUC attenuation: -15 to 0dB [-15] Step 1dB New: -15

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Units: dB Minimum value: 0 Maximum value: -15 Step size: 1dB Factory default: 0

Description: This allows the user to vary the attenuator in the BUC. Typically this is

used when there is a short run from the modem to the BUC made with reasonable quality cable, and where with a low loss the minimum output from the modem could saturate the BUC input unless the attenuator (early in the BUC gain profile) is set suitably high.

If in doubt always start with the minimum modem Tx carrier level and the maximum BUC attenuation.

Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC-1-for-1 Screen

Mute services in Standby: [Off] 1: Off 2: On

This controls whether BUC services (i.e. DC supply and 10MHz reference) stay with the online modem or switch to the standby modem when a 1-for-1 switchover occurs in a 1-for-1 redundant pair of modems. Note that FSK communications will always be switched over.

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1.19.3.2 Edit-Rx Menu

Front Panel Edit-Rx Menus

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1:Service 2:Baseband 3:Clocks 4:Demodulate 5:FEC 6:Descrambler 7:Carrier 8:Rx=Tx

This menu contains the following options:

• Service. This option allows the selection of the framing mode for the modem.

• Baseband. This option leads to a submenu that allows terrestrial framing, timeslots

and overhead to be configured.

• Clocks. This allows the receive path clock to be set up.

• Demodulate. This leads to a submenu that allows the demodulation scheme to be

configured.

• FEC. This leads to a submenu that contains options for selecting the inner and outer

forward error correction (FEC) schemes.

• Descrambler. This leads to a submenu that allows descrambling to be controlled.

• Carrier. This leads to a submenu that allows the frequency and spectrum inversion to

be controlled.

• Rx=Tx. This option allows the receive path to be automatically configured to be the

same as the transmit path, thereby simplifying set up. There are a number of exceptions including carrier frequency, spectral inversion, timeslots and clocks.

1.19.3.2.1 Edit-Rx-Service Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent (including follow-on screens for FastLink optimization mode and DVB-S2 frame size/pilots setting).

1.19.3.2.2 Edit-Rx-Baseband Menu

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Baseband Mode Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Data Rate Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced Menu

See the description of the transmit path equivalent (Chapter 14).

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing Menu

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1:2048k mode 2:CAS 3:TS order 4:Insert 5:Bearer 6:G732 sig 7:T1 sig 8:ABCD

This menu contains the following options:

• 2048k mode. This option is used to indicate whether a 2048kbps traffic stream is

formatted as G.732 or not.

• CAS. This option specifies whether Channel Associated Signalling (CAS) information

is present in Timeslot 16.

• TS order. This controls whether timeslot reordering is allowed.

• Drop mode. This specifies the framing format for Drop MUX operation.

• Bearer. This controls the origination of a terrestrial bearer from the Insert MUX.

• G732 sig. This option controls whether CAS information is processed and routed

through the satellite.

• T1 sig. This specifies whether Robbed Bit Signalling (RBS) information is present in the traffic source.

• ABCD. This determines the action to be taken with respect to the Rx CAS ‘ABCD’ signalling block in relation to satellite backward alarms.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-2048k Mode Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-CAS Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

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Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-TS Order Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-Insert Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-CAS in TS16 Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-T1 RBS Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-CAS Action on Backward Alarm Screen

CAS action on satellite backward alarm: 1:abcd normal 2:abcd = AIS 3:b=1 4:a=1, b=1

Options:

Signalling bits abcd normal Signalling bits abcd=AIS Signalling bit b=1, acd normal Signalling bits ab=1, cd normal

Factory default: Signalling bits abcd normal

Description: Determines actions to be taken with respect to Rx CAS signalling block

code.

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Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Timeslots Menu

Timeslots:1:Number used 2:Timeslots 3:Maintain ID 4:Partial 5:Partial TS

This menu contains the following options:

• Number used. This indicates the number of timeslots sent over the satellite.

• Timeslots. This option is used to select which timeslots are inserted.

• Maintain ID. This controls whether timeslot identity has been maintained over satellite

(i.e. whether the timeslots represent different data streams or are all part of the same stream).

• Partial. This controls whether part or all of the received data is to be inserted into the

terrestrial bearer.

• Partial TS. When Partial Insert is active, this controls which timeslots from the satellite

are inserted into the terrestrial bearer.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Timeslots-Number Used Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Timeslots-Timeslots Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Timeslots-Maintain ID Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Timeslots-Partial Insert Screen

Partial insert: [Normal] 1:Normal 2:Partial

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Options: Normal Partial

Factory default: Normal

Description: Controls whether part or all of the received data is to be inserted into the

terrestrial bearer.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Timeslots-Partial Timeslots Screen

Sat data to insert in terr bearer : [1] New:1

Options:

Ignore Insert

Factory default: Ignore

Description: When Partial Insert is active, controls whether the timeslot from the

satellite is to be inserted into the terrestrial bearer.

Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Overhead Menu

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Clocks Menu

Clocks: 1:Source 2:Buffer 3:Advanced

This menu contains the following options:

• Source. This selects the receive path clock source.

• Buffer. This option sets the buffer capacity for received data. This provides Doppler

and plesiochronous buffering (see Section 8.1 for a full description of buffering).

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• Advanced. This menu offers advanced satellite buffering options.

1.19.3.2.3 Edit-Rx-Clocks-Source Screen

Rx-path clock source: [Satellite] 1:Satellite 2:Tx Clock In 3:Internal 4:Station

Options:

Satellite

This is the clock from the satellite. This is converted back to the rate required at the terrestrial port.

Tx Clock In

The Tx path input clock is used to clock Rx data to the terrestrial port. This is plesiochronous mode and requires the receive buffer to be set to a value sufficient to accommodate both the difference in the clocks at each end of the link and any Doppler shift, whilst providing the required interval between buffer slips.

Internal

The internal reference clock is used to clock data to the terrestrial port. This

requires the receive buffer to be set as per the Tx Clock In option.

Station

If the station clock frequency is the same as the Rx data rate then the station clock is used directly,. If the station clock is a different frequency to the Rx data rate then an internal conversion to the correct frequency is

made. This requires the receive buffer to be set as per the Tx Clock In

option.

Factory default:

Satellite

Description: Sets the source of the clock for the Rx path.

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If the Rx clock is set to Satellite, a G.703 interface card is fitted but not currently

selected and the G.703 clock extension SAF feature is enabled

then the following menu

is displayed at this point:

Clock extension over sat: [Off] New: E1

This allows a high stability G.703 clock reference to be generated from the satellite signal (see Section 8.8 for further details).

Options: OFF E1 T1

Factory default: OFF Description: This provides a high-stability clock over satellite derived from a G.703

card that can be used for clocking any interface in place of GPS.

1.19.3.2.4 Edit-Rx-Clocks-Buffer Screen

Buffer size:0 to 99ms [8] Step 1ms New: 8

Units: ms Minimum value: 0 Maximum value: 99 Step size: 1 Factory default: 8

Description: Buffer capacity for received data. This is used when the Rx clock is not

set to Satellite. Should the capacity be exceeded (unflow or overflow)

and the buffer slips, then it will slip by exactly half its chosen capacity,

back to 50% full. See The buffer fill state can be viewed on the Status Demodulator screen. Section 8.1 for details of how the buffer operates.

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Edit-Rx-Clocks-Advanced Menu

Advanced: 1:Auto centre 2: Manual centre

This menu contains the following options:

• Auto centre. This controls whether the Rx (Doppler) buffer is centred following an Rx

• Manual centre. This allows the Rx buffer to be recentred manually.

Edit-Rx-Clocks-Advanced-Auto Centre Screen

Centre buffer after failure recovery: [On] 1:Off 2:On

Factory default: On

Description: Controls whether the Rx buffer is centred following an Rx path recovery

from failure. This should be disabled where minor outages occur where the errors or synchronisation losses caused by centring the buffer are potentially larger than those caused by the outage.

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1.19.3.2.5 Edit-Rx-Demodulation Menu

1:Mode 2:Sweep 3:Sweep width 4:Advanced

This menu contains the following options:

• Mode. This selects the receive path modulation scheme.

• Sweep. This controls the Rx signal sweep configuration.

• Sweep width. This controls the Rx signal sweep width.

• Advanced. This controls an Rx adaptive equalizer for the FastLink FEC (which

compensates for transponder group delay). It also controls a holdoff time for demodulator loss of lock used to prevent spurious loss of lock being reported when the Rx antenna is briefly obscured.

Edit-Rx-Demodulation Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

The table shown under Edit-Tx-FEC-Inner defines normal operation with respect to FEC

mode, FEC rate and modulation scheme.

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Edit-Rx-Demodulation-Sweep Screen

Sweep mode: [Normal] 1:Normal (+/-32kHz) 2:Other

Options:

Normal

In this mode the sweep width is controlled automatically by the modem. The width is always set to +/-32kHz by the modem.

Other

This mode allows the user to set the sweep width in order to compensate for carrier frequency uncertainty due to Tx frequency, satellite and Rx frequency conversions. This may be required to optimize performance at very low data rates by setting a sweep width that is smaller than the default.

Factory default:

Normal

Description: Controls the Rx signal sweep configuration.

Edit-Rx-Demodulation-Sweep Width Screen

Sweep width(+/-):1 to 250kHz [032] Step 1kHz New: 032

Units: kHz Minimum value: 1 Maximum value: 250 Step size: 1 Factory default: 32

Description: Controls the Rx signal sweep width when the Sweep mode is set to

Other. This is a +/- setting, i.e. the total width is twice the value that is

entered. In general the default value should be use but at very low data rates it may reduce demodulator acquisition time if the sweep width is

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set to a lower value.

Edit-Rx-Demodulation-Advanced Menu

Advanced: 1:Reacquire 2:Equaliser

This menu can be selected (when user level is set to Advanced) following the setting of the

modulation type. It contains the following options:

• Reacquire (reacquisition holdoff). This applies only to MIL-STD-188-165A L-band

modems. It allows a period of time to be defined for which, after the demodulator loses the carrier signal, the demodulator does not go back to its normal acquisition mode but continues to try to track the signal. This is useful where there may be a temporary obstruction to the satellite signal, such as from a helicopter, as it potentially allows the demodulator to regain the carrier more quickly than would otherwise be the case.

• Equaliser. This menu controls a 9-tap adaptive equaliser for FastLink (note that DVB-

S2 has a built-in equalizer that is used automatically all the time). Typically about 15% of the bandwidth on transponders at the band edges is subject to signal distortion called ‘group delay’. This causes inter-symbol interference due to filters on the transponder processing different frequency components of the signal in different amounts of time. This restricts how the transponder band edges can be used. In particular, large carriers cannot use the band edges without compensating for the problem. The FastLink adaptive equaliser, which is a SAF feature and requires an add-on hardware card, compensates for group delay and amplitude distortion.

1.19.3.2.6 Edit-Rx-FEC Menu

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

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Edit-Rx-FEC-Inner Menu

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-FEC-Inner-FEC Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

The table shown under Edit-Tx-FEC-Inner defines normal operation with respect to FEC

mode, FEC rate and modulation scheme.

Edit-Rx-FEC-Inner-Rate Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-FEC-Outer Menu

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-FEC-Outer-RS Mode Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-FEC-Outer-RS Type Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-FEC-Outer-Advanced Menu

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

See the Edit-Tx-FEC-Outer-Advanced description for a table of Reed-Solomon N, K and

Interleaver Depth values used in normal operation.

Edit-Rx-FEC-Outer-Advanced RSN (Codeword Length) Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-FEC-Outer-Advanced RSK (Data Length) Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

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Edit-Rx-FEC-Outer-Advanced Interleaver Depth Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

1.19.3.2.7 Edit-Rx-Descrambler Menu

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

The transmit section description also includes a table that defines normal operation with respect to scrambler selection.

Edit-Rx-Descrambler-Enable Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Descrambler-Type Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

1.19.3.2.8 Edit-Rx-Carrier Menu

Carrier: 1:Frequency 2:Inversion 3:Roll-off 4:Advanced

This menu has the following options:

• Frequency.This sets the IF frequency used to receive from the satellite.

• Inversion. This controls whether the I and Q channel outputs are swapped.

• Roll-off. This controls the expected slope (gradient) of the received carrier at its edges

(this affects the occupied bandwidth).

• Advanced. This controls the Paired Carrier (PCMA) carrier overlap feature. On L-band

modems it also allows control of an LNB.

Edit-Rx-Carrier-Frequency Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

Edit-Rx-Carrier-Inversion Screen

See the description of the transmit path equivalent.

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Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

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