Teledyne Merlin User Manual
2403 Walsh Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051-1302 Tel: +1/408.727.6600 Fax: +1/408.727.6622
CATC Merlin
™
Bluetooth™Protocol Analyzer
User’s Manual
For Software Version 2.00
Manual Version 2.00
15 May, 2003
Merlin Protocol Analyzer User’s ManualCATC SW Version 2.0
Document Disclaimer
The information contained in this document has been carefully checked and
is believed to be reliable. However, no responsibility can be assumed for
inaccuracies that may not have been detected.
CATC reserves the right to revise the information presented in this
document without notice or penalty.
Trademarks and Servicemarks
CATC, Merlin, Merlin’s Wand, Merlin Mobile, BTTracer, BTTrainer,
Advisor, Chief, FireInspector, Inspector, Detective, Traffic Generator,
BusEngine,USB4DOS,UPT,HPT,UHT,IBTracer,andSATracer are
trademarks of Computer Access Technology Corporation.
Microsoft, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows 98SE, Windows Me,and
Windows XP are registered trademarks of Microsoft Inc.
All other trademarks are property of their respective companies.
Copyright
Copyright © 2003, Computer Access Technology Corporation (CATC); All
Rights Reserved.
Portions of this product are supplied courtesy of Richard Herveille.
Copyright (c) 2002, 2003 Richard Herveille, rherveille@opencores.org. All
rights reserved.
This document may be printed and reproduced without additional
permission, but all copies should contain this copyright notice.
FCC Conference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class A digital device and an intentional radiator, pursuant to Part 15 of the
FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a
commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate
radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely
to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to
correct the interference at their own expense. The end user of this product
should be aware that any changes or modifications made to this equipment
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without the approval of CATC could result in the product not meeting the
Class A limits, in which case the FCC could void the user's authority to
operate the equipment.
Important Notice: To comply with FCC RF exposure requirements
(sections 1.1307 and 1.310 of the Rules) only the antenna supplied by
CATC must be used for this device. The antenna must be located at least 20
cm away from all persons.
FCC Testing applies to FCC ID: KH7BT004APA-X.
EU Conference Statement
This equipment complies with the R&TT Directive 1999/5/EC. It has been
tested and found to comply with EN55022:1994/A1:1995/A2:1997 Class A,
EN61000-4-2:1995, EN61000-4-3:1995, EN61000-4-4:1995,
EN61000-4-5:1995, EN61000-4-6:1995, EN61000-4-11:1994,
EN61010-1:1993, and ESTI EN 300 328-1 V1.2.2 (2000-07).
Manual Version 2.0 Part number: 730-0017-00
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter1 Overview.....................................1
Bluetooth™Overview..............................................1
GeneralDescription ...............................................2
Automation.......................................................4
HCITrace........................................................4
Features .........................................................5
General ...................................................5
Physical Components ........................................5
DisplayOptions ............................................6
RecordingOptions ..........................................6
TrafficGeneration ..........................................6
Bluetooth™BusEngine ......................................6
Specifications.....................................................7
Package...................................................7
PowerRequirements.........................................7
Environmental Conditions . ...................................7
Switches ..................................................7
LEDs ....................................................7
RecordingMemorySize .....................................7
Certification ...............................................7
Chapter2 Installation ...................................9
System Components/Packing List . . ...................................9
AnalyzerLEDandControlDescriptions................................9
MerlinRearPanelDescription.......................................10
SettingUptheAnalyzer............................................11
InstallingtheAnalyzerSoftwareonthePC.............................11
InstallingtheProbe ...............................................14
HCIProbeconfigurations....................................15
2-portRS232toUSBconverter...............................17
YourFirstBluetoothRecording......................................18
InquiryRecording..........................................20
ExternalInterfaceBreakoutBoard....................................21
Pin-OutsfortheDataIn/OutConnector.........................22
PrototypeReworkArea......................................23
Configuring the Analyzer for the Breakout Board . ................24
Chapter3 Updates.....................................25
Software,Firmware,andBusEngineRevisions..........................25
SoftwareUpdates.................................................26
SoftwareLicenseUpdates ..........................................26
Viewinglicensinginformation................................27
AutomaticBusEngineandFirmwareUpdates...........................27
ManualBusEngineUpdates.........................................29
ManualFirmwareUpdates..........................................30
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Chapter4 SoftwareOverview............................31
TheMainDisplayWindows.........................................31
Toolbar ........................................................34
StatusBar.......................................................35
RecordingProgress.........................................36
StatusBarPositionDefinitions: ...............................36
RecordingStatus...........................................37
AnalyzerStatus............................................38
SearchStatus..............................................38
ZoomIn..................................................38
ZoomOut ................................................39
ToolTips........................................................39
MerlinAnalyzerKeyboardShortcuts .................................39
Chapter5 RecordingWizard ............................41
StartingRecordingWizard...................................41
RecordingaTrafficonaNewPiconet.................................42
RecordinganExistingPiconet ......................................52
RecordinginTestMode............................................62
RecordinginReducedHoppingMode..........................62
RecordinginSingleFrequencyMode.................................66
Chapter6 RecordingOptions............................69
RecordingModes.................................................69
Piconetrecording ..........................................69
Inquiryrecording ..........................................69
IUT:HCImode ............................................70
OpeningtheRecordingOptionsDialogBox............................70
RecordingOptions-General........................................71
Recordingtype ............................................71
Options ..................................................72
BufferSize ...............................................72
TriggerPosition............................................73
RecordingOptions-Piconet ........................................73
HopSequence.............................................74
SyncMethod..............................................75
AdditionalSettings.........................................79
Debug ...................................................80
RecordingOptions-Inquiry ........................................80
RecordingOptions-HCI...........................................82
HCIWindowLayout........................................82
RecordingHCITraffic.............................................85
RecordingOptions-Events.........................................86
PayloadLengthError.......................................93
RecordingOptions-Actions........................................94
ActionButtons-TheirFunctions..............................95
BlueDotMenus ...........................................98
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SavingRecordingOptions.........................................102
RecordingBluetoothTraffic .......................................103
Chapter7 DisplayOptions .............................105
GeneralDisplayOptions ..........................................106
SettingColor,Formatting,andHidingOptions.........................107
SettingColorDisplayOptions ...............................107
ChangingFieldFormats....................................108
HidingDisplayOptions ....................................109
LevelHidingOptions.............................................109
LevelHidingParameters....................................109
SavingDisplayOptions...........................................111
Chapter8 ReadingaCATCTrace ....................... 113
TraceViewFeatures..............................................113
InterpretingtheDisplayedInformation...............................113
Tooltips........................................................114
SetMarker .....................................................114
EditorClearMarker .............................................115
ExpandedandCollapsedDataFormats...............................116
HideFrequencyHops.............................................118
HideNullsandPolls..............................................118
MenusinClickedFields...........................................119
HideUnassociatedTraffic.........................................119
Chapter9 DecodingProtocols...........................121
Introduction ....................................................121
LMPandL2CAPMessages........................................121
DecodingandViewingProtocolData................................122
DecodingViatheDecodingToolbar...........................122
DecodingViatheDisplayOptionsDialogBox ..................123
Tooltips........................................................124
ViewingPacketsinLMPandL2CAPMessages........................124
TypesofLMPandL2CAPMessages ................................124
Viewing L2CAP Channel Connections . . .............................125
ViewingProtocolMessagesandTransactions..........................126
ViewingL2CAPMessagesinProtocolMessages ................127
HowtoDecode...........................................127
ExpandingProtocolMessages ...............................127
ChangingProtocolAssignments ....................................128
UsingtheDecodingAssignmentsDialogBox...................128
RemovingUser-AssignedProtocolAssignments.................129
ManuallyAssigningProtocols...............................130
OtherAssignments:OBEXClient/ServerStatus.................130
ChanginganOBEXClientorServerStatus.....................131
DecodingBNEP ..........................................131
DecodingHID............................................131
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OtherDecodingOptions....................................131
Chapter10 OtherFeatures.............................133
Search.........................................................133
GotoTrigger.............................................133
GotoPacket/Message/Protocol ..............................133
GotoMarker.............................................134
Goto...................................................134
Error ...................................................138
SoftBitError.............................................138
LossofSync.............................................138
Find....................................................138
Event Groups . . ..........................................140
Union,Intersection,andExclusion............................144
UsingFind...............................................144
FindNext ...............................................146
DeviceList.....................................................147
EditComment ..................................................148
ExportingData..................................................148
FileInformation.................................................149
ErrorSummary..................................................150
TimingCalculations..............................................150
BusUtilization..................................................151
TrafficSummary ................................................155
Encryption .....................................................155
ConfiguringMerlinforEncryption............................156
Chapter11 HowtoContactCATC.......................159
Chapter12 WarrantyandLicense.......................159
Index . . . . . . . . ........................................161
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1. Overview
The CATC Merlin™ Protocol Analyzer is a member in CATC's
industry-leading line of high performance, Bluetooth protocol analyzers.
Merlin has been designed using the same modular software and hardware
architecture that made its predecessors highly successful in the serial bus
protocol analyzer market worldwide.
1.1 Bluetooth™ Overview
The Bluetooth™ wireless technology is set to revolutionize the personal
connectivity market by providing freedom from wired connections. It is a
specification for a small-form factor, low-cost radio solution providing links
between mobile computers, mobile phones and other portable handheld
devices, and connectivity to the internet.
The Bluetooth™ Special Interest Group (SIG), comprised of leaders in the
telecommunications, computing, and network industries, is driving
development of the technology and bringing it to market. The Bluetooth™
SIG includes promoter companies 3Com, Ericsson, IBM, Intel, Lucent,
Microsoft, Motorola, Nokia and Toshiba, and more than 2500 SIG
members.
Bluetooth™ is a radio technology specification designed to transmit both
voice and data wirelessly, providing an easier way for a variety of mobile
computing, communications and other devices to communicate with one
another without the need for cables. Bluetooth™ could make possible what
is being called the personal-area network by allowing users to transmit small
amounts of data at 1M bit/sec with a range of 10 to 100 meters, depending
the power of the radio, over the 2.4-GHz radio frequency. The key benefits
of the Bluetooth™ technology are robustness, low complexity, low power
and low cost. Bluetooth™ employs a rapid frequency hopping mechanism
to minimize the effects of ‘collisions’ with other protocols and devices
operating in the same frequency band. Mechanisms exist for a Bluetooth™
device to determine all devices in range as well as to request connection to
a piconet as either a master or a slave.
Please refer to the Bluetooth™ Specification, version 1.1 for details on the
protocol. The Bluetooth™ specification is available from the Bluetooth™
SIG at its web site http://www.bluetooth.org/
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1.2 General Description
The Merlin Protocol Analyzer is designed as a stand-alone unit that can be
easily configured and controlled by a portable or desktop PC connected via
its USB port. Merlin provides customers with the familiar ‘CATC Trace’
user interface that is the de facto industry standard for documenting the
performance of high-speed serial protocols.
Merlin supports the functionality required to analyze all levels, including
the baseband, of the Bluetooth™ wireless protocol. The featured Radio
Interface allows users to probe and analyze transactions at the lowest level
within the Bluetooth™ architecture. By creating this "Point of Observation"
or probing point within the radio level packet view, the user can analyze all
levels of the protocol stack.
Merlin is a non-intrusive testing tool for Bluetooth™ piconets providing
network traffic capture and analysis. Hardware triggering allows real-time
events to be captured from a piconet. Hardware filtering allows the filtering
out of fields, packets, and errors from the recording. Filtering allows users
to focus recordings on events of interest and to preserve recording memory
so that the recording time can be extended.
Recorded data is presented in colored graphics in a trace viewer application.
This application has advanced search and viewing capabilities that allow the
user to quickly locate specific data, errors and other conditions, thereby
focussing the user’s attention on events of interest.
The Merlin Protocol Analyzer functions with any personal computer using
the Windows 98SE, Windows 2000, Windows NT 4.0, Windows Me, or
Windows XP operating systems and equipped with a functional USB
interface. For an updated set of system requirements for the host machine,
please refer to the readme file.
The Analyzer is configured and controlled through a personal computer
USB port. It can be used with portable computers for field service and
maintenance as well as with desktop units in a development environment.
The Analyzer is easily installed by connecting a cable between the
computer’s USB port and the Analyzer’s USB port.
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Sample Bluetooth™ Piconet with Merlin Protocol Analyzer
Merlin provides on-the-fly detection of and triggering on such events as
Packet Headers and Errors. Whether recording manually or with a specified
trigger condition, Merlin continuously records the bus data in a wrap-around
fashion until manually stopped or until the Trigger Event is detected and a
specified post-Trigger amount of bus data is recorded.
Upon detection of a triggering event, the analyzer continues to record data
up to a point specified by the user. Real-time detection of events can be
individually enabled or disabled to allow triggering on events as they
happen. This includes predefined exception or error conditions and a
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user-defined set of trigger events. The unit can also be triggered by an
externally supplied signal. An external DB-9 connector provides a path for
externally supplied data or timing data to be recorded along with bus traffic.
This DB-9 connector also provides a path for Merlin to transmit externally
two control, timing, or recovered signals for purposes of probing and use by
other circuitry.
The Merlin software provides powerful search functions that enable
investigation of particular events and allow the software to identify and
highlight specific events. In addition to immediate analysis, you can print
any part of the data. Use the Save As feature to save the data on disk for later
viewing. The program also provides a variety of timing information and
data analysis reports.
1.3 Automation
The Merlin software includes an Application Program Interface (API) for
developing testing programs and scripts in C++ and Visual Basic. The API
reproduces most of the commands embodied in the Merlin trace viewer
software. This API allows users to automate procedures that otherwise have
to be run manually via the trace viewer software. The Automation API can
be run locally on the PC attached to Merlin or remotely over a network
connection.
For further details, refer to the Automation API for CATC Bluetooth
Analyzers reference manual included in the installation CD-ROM. You can
also download the document from the CATC website.
1.4 HCI Trace
In addition to the ability to record Bluetooth traffic off-the-air, using the
analyzer's hardware and radio module, the Merlin can record serial
Bluetooth HCI traffic from Bluetooth devices, or 'IUT's (Implementations
Under Test).
While the off-the-air traffic is captured by the analyzers hardware, the HCI
Traffic from the IUTs is captured by the analyzer application using an HCI
probe (provided by CATC) that is connected directly to the IUT hardware.
In a typical setup, the HCI commands and data to transmit are passed from
the Bluetooth application to the Bluetooth baseband (Host to Controller),
while events and data that was received are passed from the Bluetooth
baseband to the Bluetooth application (Controller to Host).
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To capture the data, the HCI Probe should be connected to the respective
'Host to Controller' and 'Controller to Host' lines. When the recording of the
IUT's HCI is enabled and the application starts a recording, the serial data is
captured as incoming serial data. For this, up to two COM ports should be
configured for each IUT.
1.5 Features
General
• Flexible design - reconfigurable hardware for future enhancements.
• User friendly - the Graphical User Interface software of Merlin Analyzer
is designed to be consistent with the ‘CATC Trace’ using color and
graphics to display Bluetooth™ traffic.
• Radio Level Point of Observation and Capture - traffic capture at the
Radio Level for comprehensive analysis.
• Complies with Bluetooth™ v1.1 specification.
• Supports point-to-point and point-to-multipoint Bluetooth™ piconets.
• Supports 79 frequency hop, reduced and fixed frequency.
• Automatic tracking of changes in the hopping scheme.
• Automatic tracking of whitened and non-whitened packets and traffic.
• Supports recording of serial HCI traffic from implementation under test
(IUT)
• Free non-recording, view-only software available.
• Power-on self-diagnostics.
• Internal 100V to 240 V AC power supply.
• Compliant with FCC class A requirements / meets all CE mark
requirements.
• One year warranty and hot-line customer support.
Physical Components
Note For an updated description of requirements for the host machine, please refer to
the readme file.
• Trace viewer software support for Microsoft Windows versions 98SE
and above.
• Recording memory of 128MB - enough to record 25 minutes of high
volume traffic.
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Display Options
• Analyzes and displays a transaction-level view of piconet traffic with
accurate time-stamps and frequency hop information.
• Software analysis and data presentation at several protocol levels:
Baseband, LMP, HCI, L2CAP, SDP, RFCOMM, TCS, OBEX, HDLC,
BNEP, PPP, AT, HCRP, IP, TCP, UDP, HID, AVCTP, and AVDTP.
Recording Options
• Flexible advanced triggering capabilities including - multiple triggering
modes, selective views, timing analysis, search functions, protocol
packet errors, transaction errors, packet type and destination device, data
patterns, or any of these trigger types in combination.
• User defined trigger position.
• Support for various piconet characteristics by enabling the user to
configure the synchronization method and recording parameters.
• Real-time hardware filtering of captured traffic for optimizing analyzer
memory usage.
Traffic Generation
Traffic generation capability is provided by Merlin’s Wand.
Bluetooth™ BusEngine
CATC’s BusEngine™ Technology is at the heart of the new Merlin
Analyzer. The revolutionary BusEngine core uses state-of-the-art EPLD
technology and incorporates both the real-time recording engine and the
configureable building blocks that implement data/state/error detection,
triggering, capture filtering, external signal monitoring and event counting
& sequencing. And like the flash-memory-based firmware that controls its
operation, all BusEngine logic is fully field upgradeable, using
configuration files that can be downloaded from the CATC Website.
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1.6 Specifications
Package
Dimensions: 9.2 x 8.4 x 2.5 inches
(23.4 x 21.3 x 6.4 cm)
Connectors: AC power connection
external clock input (EXT CLK, BNC)
host connection (USB, type ‘B’)
data connector (Data In/Out, 9-pin DB)
Weight: 2.8 lbs. (1.2 kg)
Power Requirements
90-264VAC, 47-63Hz (universal input), 100W maximum
Environmental Conditions
Operating Range: 0 to 55 °C (32 to 131 °F)
Storage Range: -20 to 80 °C (-4 to 176 °F)
Humidity: 10 to 90%, non-condensing
Switches
Power: on/off
Manual Trigger: when pressed forces a trigger event
LEDs
Power (PWR): illuminated when the analyzer is powered on.
Recording (REC): illuminated when the analyzer is actively recording traffic
data.
Triggered (TRG): illuminated during power-on testing, and when the analyzer
has detected a valid trigger condition.
Synchronized
(SYNC):
Recording Memory Size
128M x 8-bit DRAM for traffic data capture, timing, state and other data.
Certification
FCC (Class A), CE Mark
flashes during acquisition of the traffic hop sequence, illuminated when the analyzer is locked to the hop sequence.
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2. Installation
The Merlin Protocol Analyzer components and software are easily installed
and quickly ready to run on most Windows-based personal computer
systems. You can begin making Bluetooth recordings after following these
initial steps.
2.1 System Components/Packing List
• One stand-alone Merlin Analyzer
• One Antenna
• One External Interface Breakout Board with a 9-pin ribbon cable
• One USB cable
• One RF wired Piconet cable
• One SMA Adapter cable (for changing the polarity from reversed to
standard. This cable is used for creating wired piconets.)
• Merlin software program installation CD
• Product documentation
2.2 Analyzer LED and Control Descriptions
The Merlin Analyzer has several user-accessible controls and LEDs.
Figure 1: Front Panel
•RedPWR (power) indicator LED (lights when the unit power is
switched on).
•GreenREC (recording) LED (lights when the unit is recording).
• Yellow TRG (triggered) LED (lights when the unit triggers an event).
Note TRG also lights during power-on testing and will be turned off at the end of the
power on cycle. If the LED blinks at the end of this cycle, the hardware is faulty.
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•GreenSYNC (synchronized) LED (lights when the unit is locked onto a
specific piconet, based on the Master Address).
• Manual Trigger push-button (allows a manual Trace capture)
— After beginning a recording session, press the Manual Trigger switch to
force a Trigger condition. The session completes when a specified
post-Trigger amount of bus data is recorded or when you manually stop a
recording session.
• ANT Bluetooth™ Antenna connector
2.3 Merlin Rear Panel Description
Figure 2: Rear Panel
From left to right, the rear panel has the following connectors and switches:
Wide Range AC Connector Module
The power module is composed of:
— Power on/off switch
— Power socket
— Enclosed 5x20 mm 2.0A 250 V fast acting glass fuse
Warning For continued protection against fire, replace fuse only with the type
and rating specified above.
USB type "B" host computer connector
This is the connector that is used to link the analyzer to the PC that will be
administering it.
BNC Connectors "Ext. In" and "Ext. Out"
These connectors allow BNC cables to be attached to the analyzer for the
purpose of triggering on external input signals.
RS-232 25 pin "Data Output" Connector
This connector attaches to a 25 pin RS-232 cable that in turn attaches to an
External Breakout board. The breakout board allows signals to be sent from
the analyzer to an external device such as an oscilloscope.
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2.4 Setting Up the Analyzer
Step 1 Attach the Antenna to the ANT connection point. The antenna
should point up.
Step 2 Connect the provided AC power cord to the rear of the analyzer and
to a 100-volt to 240-volt, 50 Hz to 60 Hz, 100 W power outlet.
Note The analyzer is capable of supporting supply voltages between 100-volt and
240-volt, 50 Hz or 60 Hz, thus supporting all known supply voltages around the
world.
Step 3 Turn on the power switch on the rear of the analyzer.
Note At power-on, the analyzer initializes itself in approximately ten seconds and
performs an exhaustive self-diagnostic that lasts about five seconds. The Trigger
LED illuminates during the power-on testing and turns off when testing is
finished. If the diagnostics fail, the trigger LED blinks continuously, indicating a
hardware failure. If this occurs, call CATC Customer Support for assistance.
Step 4 Insert the Merlin CD into the CD ROM drive of the PC that will be
administering the analyzer.
Step 5 Connect the USB cable between the USB port on the back of the
analyzer and a USB port on the analyzing PC.
The host operating system detects the analyzer and begins to install the USB
driver.
Step 6 Follow Windows on-screen Plug-and-Play instructions for the
automatic installation of the Merlin Analyzer as a USB device on
your analyzing PC (the required USB files are included on the
Merlin CD.
2.5 Installing the Analyzer Software on the PC
Once Merlin has been recognized as a USB device, install the Merlin
software on the PC administering the analyzer.
Step 1 On the PC, run setup.exe on the installation CD and follow the
on-screen installation instructions.
The Merlin application will install on the PC hard disk.
Step 2 To start the application, launch the CATC Merlin program from the
Start Menu: Start>Programs>CATC>Merlin.
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The Merlin program opens.
The window shows a menu bar and toolbar at the top, a grey trace viewing
area covering most of the window, and a status bar at the bottom.
Opening a sample trace will cause most of the buttons on the toolbar to
become active.
To open a trace,
Step 1 Select File > Open from the menu. A dialog box opens.
Step 2 Select a file from the dialog box and click Open. Atrace
opens in the main viewing area. When traffic has been
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recorded, it will display here.
Note The software may be used with or without the analyzer box. When used without
an analyzer box attached to the computer, the program functions as a Trace
Viewer to view, analyze, and print captured protocol traffic.
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2.6 Installing the Probe
If you are planning to record HCI traffic from an Implementation Under
Test (IUT), you will need to connect the provided HCI probe to the IUT.
The HCI Probe is used for connecting the analyzer application running on
the host machine to a single IUT. If more IUTs are to be monitored (up to
three) additional HCI Probes should be used.
The probe is composed of the following components:
[a] HCITrace Probe Cable
[b] HCITrace RS232 Cable
[c] TTL to RS232 converter
[d] 2-port RS232 to USB converter
[e] USB cable
HCITrace Probe Cable
The HCITrace Probe Cable has three probes:
• ‘Gnd’ – Should be connected to the reference/ground wire
• ‘Host’ – Should be connected to the wire that carries the down-link traffic from
the host to the controller.
• ‘BTC’– Should be connected to the wire that carries the up-link traffic from
the controller to the host.
HCITrace RS232 Cable
Has three DB-9 connectors:
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• RS-232/Probe - Should be connected to the HCITrace Probe Cable or to the
TTL to RS232 converter (depending whether the signal voltage in the IUT is
TTL or RS-232).
• COM A - Should be connected to one of the serial inputs of the 2-port RS232
to USB converter.
• COM B - Should be connected to one of the other serial input of the 2-port
RS232 to USB converter.
TTL to RS232 converter
Should be used only when the signal voltage in the IUT is TTL and not
RS-232.
The DB-9 connector marked with ‘TTL’ should be connected to the
HCITrace Probe Cable.
The DB-9 connector marked with ‘RS-232’ should be connected to the
'RS-232'/Probe connector of the HCITrace RS232 Cable.
2-port RS232 to USB converter -
This converter is used so the serial signals can be delivered to the host
machine through a USB input.
USB cable –
Connects the 2-port RS232 to USB converter to the Host machine USB
port.
HCI Probe configurations
The HCI Probe can be used in two configurations:
For monitoring UART level signals
•
• For monitoring RS232 level signals
Monitoring UART Level Signals
For monitoring RS232 level signals, the TTL to RS-232 converter should be
used. To assemble the HCI probe for this configuration, perform the
following steps. Refer to the photo and component list shown previously
for references to components [a] through [e].
Step 1 Connect the DB-9 connector of the HCITrace Probe Cable
[a] to the connector marked with ‘TTL’ in the TTL to
RS-232 converter [c].
Step 2 Connect the DB-9 connector marked with ‘RS-232’ in the
TTL to RS-232 converter [c] to the connector marked with
‘'RS-232/Probe’’ in the HCITrace RS-232 Cable [b].
Step 3 Connect the connector marked with ‘COM A’ in the
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HCITrace RS-232 Cable [b] to ‘Connector A’ in the 2-port
RS232 to USB converter [d].
Step 4 Connect the connector marked with ‘COM B’ in the
HCITrace RS-232 Cable [b] to ‘Connector B’ in the 2-port
RS232 to USB converter [d].
Step 5 Connect the USB cable to the USB connector of the 2-port
RS232 to USB converter [e].
Monitoring RS232 level Signals
Legend for photo:
[a] HCI Probe Cable
[b] HCI Trace RS-232 Cable
[c] Connectors A and B on the other end of the HCI Trace RS-232
Cable
[d] Two-Port RS-232 to USB Converter
For monitoring RS232 level signals do not use the converter. To assemble
the HCI probe for this configuration, perform the following steps:
Step 1 Connect the DB-9 connector of the HCITrace Probe Cable
[a] to the connector marked with ‘'RS-232/Probe’’ in the
HCITrace RS-232 Cable [b].
Step 2 Connect the connector marked with ‘COM A’ in the
HCITrace RS-232 Cable [c] to ‘Connector A’ in the 2-port
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RS232 to USB converter [d].
Step 3 Connect the connector marked with ‘COM B’ in the
HCITrace RS-232 Cable [c] to ‘Connector B’ in the 2-port
RS232 to USB converter [d].
Step 4 Connect the USB cable [not shown] to the USB connector of
the 2-port RS232 to USB converter [d].
2-port RS232 to USB converter
The 2-port RS232 to USB converter [d] allows the user to connect two serial
connectors to the host machine via a single USB connection. When
connected to the host machine the converter emulates two separate virtual
COM ports that can be used as other real COM ports. Prior of using this
converter as part of the HCI probe several drivers need to be installed. The
drivers are provided on the installation CD-ROM in the HCI Probe\Drivers
sub directory.
Once the converter is connected to a host machine the user is prompted to
provide the place where the system can install the drivers from.
After installing the drivers two new COM ports are going to be available, as
seen in the following snapshot of the Device Manager.
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Merlin Protocol Analyzer User’s ManualCATC SW Version 2.0
2.7 Your First Bluetooth Recording
After installing and launching the software, you can test Merlin by
synchronizing to a piconet and then recording the inquiry traffic. In this
inquiry test, Merlin will issue a General Inquiry that asks local devices to
identify themselves. Merlin then records the responses.
Step 1 Click the down-arrow on the Record
button and select Piconet.
Step 2 From the menu, select Record > Recording Options.
The Recording Options dialog box opens showing factory default settings such as
“manual trigger” and 16 MB buffer size. For the General Inquiry recording you
are about to create, leave these settings unchanged.
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Merlin Protocol Analyzer User’s ManualCATC SW Version 2.0
Step 3 Select the Piconet tab.
The following dialog box will open showing factory default settings. Merlin
defaults to “Page Sync & Record." This setting tells Merlin to
Inquiry and then collect sync information from the specified slave device when the slave
responds. Merlin then waits forthe Master to beginpaging the Slave devices. When paging
begins, Merlin synchronizes to the Master and begins recording.
For this recording, leave most of these settings unchanged. If you are recording a
Hop Frequency that is not 79 Hops Standard, you will need to select the
appropriate standard from the Hop Frequency menu below.
perform a General
Step 4 Click OK to close the Recording Options window and
activate the recording options you selected.
At this point, Merlin will be ready to record.
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Inquiry Recording
Merlin can also record an inquiry process where the Merlin performs a
general inquiry and asks local devices to identify themselves.
Step 1 Click the down-arrow on the right side of the
Record:Piconet button on the toolbar .
A sub-menu appears with options for Piconet Recording Mode,andInquiry
Recording Mode.
Step 2 Select Inquiry Recording Mode.
The button changes appearance and shows the label Record: Inquiry
Step 3 From the menu, select Setup > Recording Options.
The Recording Options dialog opens with the Inquiry page displaying.
Merlin Protocol Analyzer User’s ManualCATC SW Version 2.0
Step 4 If desired, make any changes to the options, then click OK.
Step 5 Click the button (i.e. the button itself, and
not the down-arrow.)
Merlin starts to record the Bluetooth traffic immediately using the settings from
the Piconet page in the Recording Options dialog. The Bluetooth Inquiry process
will proceed for whatever amount of time is set for creating an Inquiry action (0
to 80 seconds). After the inquiry time has elapsed, the analyzer will uploads the
data and displays the packets.
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Merlin Protocol Analyzer User’s ManualCATC SW Version 2.0
After a few moments, the recording will terminate and the results will display. The
screen should look like the sample recording below which shows the FHS packets
generated during the Inquiry process.
When the recording session is finished, the bus traffic is saved to the hard drive as
a file named data.tfb or whatever name you assign as the default filename. While
the file is being saved, you should see a brown progress bar at the bottom of the
screen. When the bar turns white, it indicates that the data has been saved to disk.
Step 6 To save a current recording for future reference, Select Save As
under File on the Menu Bar.
OR
Click on the Tool Bar.
You see the standard Save As screen.
Step 7 Give the recording a unique name and save it to the
appropriate directory.
2.8 External Interface Breakout Board
The External Interface Breakout Board is an accessory that allows standard,
LV TTL signals to be channeled into the analyzer for triggering or out of the
analyzer for use by an oscilloscope, logic analyzer or other device. Six
ground pins and one 5-volt pin are provided.
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Drive strength for all outputs is about 30mA high (@2V) and 60 mA low
(@0.5V). Inputs can handle 0 to 5.5V. Inputs above 2V are detected as logic
high; inputs below 0.8V are detected as logic low.
The Breakout Board connects via a cable to the Data In/Out connector
located on the rear of the analyzer unit. Each signaling pin is isolated by a
100Ω series resistor and a buffer inside the Analyzer unit.
Data In/Out Connector (on cable)
Pin-Outs for the Data In/Out Connector
The following table lists the pin-out and signal descriptions for the Data
In/Out connector on a cable that connects to the Breakout board.
Data In/Out Connector – Pin-Out
Pin Signal Name Signal Description
1RSV Reserved
2 GND Ground
3 GP OUT General Purpose Output
4 TRG IN 1 Trigger In 1
5 GND Ground
6DATA6 Data6
7DATA4 Data4
8DATA3 Data3
9DATA1 Data1
10 GND Ground
11 RSV Reserved
12 RSV Reserved
13 +5V +5 Volts, 250 mA DC Source
14 RSV Reserved
15 GND Ground
16 TRG OUT Trigger Out
17 TRGIN0 TriggerIn0
18 DATA 7 Data 7
19 DATA 5 Data 5
20 GND Ground
21 DATA 2 Data 2
22 DATA 0 Data 0
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