Teledyne 9110E User Manual
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
MODEL 9110E
NITROGEN OXIDES ANALYZER
© Teledyne Analytical Instruments
(TAI)
16830 Chestnut St.
City of Industry, CA. 91748
USA
Phone: 626-934-1673
Phone:
626-961-2538
Website:
044100102
Rev. B
Copyright 2001 TAI Inc. 2-June, 2003
626-934-9221
858-657-9816
http://www.teledyne-ai.com/
M9110E Documentation Model 9110E Instruction Manual
SAFETY MESSAGES
Your safety and the safety of others is very important. We have provided many important
safety messages in this manual. Please read these messages carefully.
A safety message alerts you to potential hazards that could hurt you or others. Each safety
message is associated with a safety alert symbol. These symbols are found in the manual
and inside the instrument. The definition of these symbols is described below:
GENERAL SAFETY HAZARD: Refer to the instructions for
details on the specific hazard.
CAUTION: Hot Surface Warning.
CAUTION: Electrical Shock Hazard.
TECHNICIAN SYMBOL: All operations marked with this symbol
are to be performed by qualified maintenance personnel only.
CAUTION
The analyzer should only be used for the purpose and in the manner described in
this manual. If you use the analyzer in a manner other than that for which it was
intended, unpredictable behavior could ensue with possible hazardous
consequences.
This analyzer is for indoor use only and for altitudes up to 2000 m (6500 ft).
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SAFETY MESSAGES ...............................................................................................................II
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..........................................................................................................III
LIST OF FIGURES.................................................................................................................IX
LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................................... XI
LIST OF APPENDICES .......................................................................................................XIII
1. M9110E DOCUMENTATION.................................................................................................1
1.1. Available Documentation .................................................................................................1
1.2. Manual Structure............................................................................................................1
1.3. How to use this Instruction Manual ...................................................................................3
2. SPECIFICATIONS, APPROVALS AND WARRANTY ...............................................................5
2.1. M9110E Operating Specifications......................................................................................5
2.2. EPA Equivalency Designation ...........................................................................................6
2.3. CE Mark Compliance .......................................................................................................7
2.4. Warranty.......................................................................................................................7
3. GETTING STARTED.............................................................................................................9
3.1. Unpacking and Initial Setup .............................................................................................9
3.2. M9110E Layout ............................................................................................................11
3.3. Pneumatic Connections ................................................................................................. 13
3.3.1. Span Gas Defined .................................................................................................. 14
3.3.2. Zero Gas Defined................................................................................................... 15
3.4. Electrical Connections ................................................................................................... 17
3.4.1. Power Connection .................................................................................................. 17
3.4.2. Analog Output Connections ..................................................................................... 17
3.4.3. Ethernet Connection and Configuration .....................................................................20
3.5. Initial Operation ........................................................................................................... 20
3.5.1. Startup.................................................................................................................20
3.5.2. Warm-Up .............................................................................................................. 21
3.5.3. Warning Messages ................................................................................................. 22
3.5.4. Functional Check ...................................................................................................23
3.6. First Calibration............................................................................................................27
3.6.1. Basic Calibration Procedure ..................................................................................... 27
3.6.2. Interferences for NO
4. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS & GLOSSARY................................................................31
4.1. Frequently Asked Questions........................................................................................... 31
4.2. Glossary...................................................................................................................... 32
5. OPTIONAL HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE ..........................................................................35
5.1. External Pumps (Option 10)...........................................................................................35
5.2. Rack Mount Kits (Options 20-23).................................................................................... 35
5.3. Carrying Strap Handle (Option 29) ................................................................................. 35
5.4. Current Loop Analog Outputs (Option 41)........................................................................ 36
5.5. Particulate Filter Kit (Option 42A) ...................................................................................37
5.6. Calibration Valve Options ..............................................................................................37
5.6.1. Zero/Span Valves (Option 50) ................................................................................. 37
5.6.2. Internal Zero/Span (IZS) (Option 51)....................................................................... 38
5.6.3. IZS Permeation Tubes (Options 53 & 55) .................................................................. 39
5.7. Scrubbers and Expendables ...........................................................................................40
5.7.1. Charcoal Scrubber (Option 64A) .............................................................................. 40
5.7.2. Charcoal Refill Kit (Part# 00596) ............................................................................. 40
5.7.3. Zero Air Scrubber (Option 64B) ............................................................................... 40
5.7.4. Zero Air Scrubber Maintenance Kit (Option 43) .......................................................... 40
5.7.5. M9110E Expendables Kit (Option 42) .......................................................................41
5.7.6. M9110E Spare Parts Kit (Option 43) ......................................................................... 41
5.8. Communication Options ................................................................................................41
5.8.1. RS232 Modem Cables (Options 60 and 60A).............................................................. 41
5.8.2. RS-232 Multidrop (Option 62) .................................................................................41
5.8.3. Ethernet (Option 63) .............................................................................................. 41
5.9. Sample Gas Conditioners (Options 86 & 88) .................................................................... 42
Measurements........................................................................30
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M9110E Documentation Model 9110E Instruction Manual
5.10. Additional Manual (Option 70) ......................................................................................43
5.11. Manual on CD (Option 70A)................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.12. Extended Warranty (Options 92 & 93) ...........................................................................43
6. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ........................................................................................... 45
6.1. Overview of Operating Modes .........................................................................................45
6.2. Sample Mode ...............................................................................................................46
6.2.1. Test Functions .......................................................................................................46
6.2.2. Warning Messages..................................................................................................48
6.2.3. Calibration Functions ..............................................................................................48
6.3. Calibration Mode...........................................................................................................49
6.4. Setup Mode..................................................................................................................49
6.4.1. Password (PASS)....................................................................................................49
6.4.2. Configuration Information (CFG) ..............................................................................51
6.4.3. Clock (CLK) ...........................................................................................................51
6.5. Setup - Range Configuration (RNGE) ...............................................................................52
6.5.1. Physical and Analog Output Ranges ..........................................................................53
6.5.2. Reporting Range Modes ..........................................................................................53
6.5.3. Single Range mode (SNGL) .....................................................................................54
6.5.4. Independent Range Mode (IND) ...............................................................................54
6.5.5. Auto Range Mode (AUTO)........................................................................................56
6.5.6. Range Units...........................................................................................................56
6.5.7. Dilution Ratio.........................................................................................................57
6.6. Setup - Internal Variables (VARS) ...................................................................................59
6.7. Setup - Diagnostics (DIAG) ............................................................................................61
6.7.1. Signal I/O .............................................................................................................62
6.7.2. Analog Output Step Test .........................................................................................63
6.7.3. Analog I/O Configuration.........................................................................................64
6.7.3.1. Analog Output Signal Type and Range Selection ..................................................65
6.7.3.2. Analog Output Calibration Mode.........................................................................66
6.7.3.3. Manual Analog Output Calibration ......................................................................68
6.7.3.4. Analog Output Offset Adjustment.......................................................................69
6.7.3.5. Current Loop Output Adjustment .......................................................................70
6.7.3.6. AIN Calibration ................................................................................................72
6.7.4. Test Channel Output...............................................................................................72
6.7.5. Optic Test .............................................................................................................74
6.7.6. Electrical Test ........................................................................................................74
6.7.7. Ozone Generator Override .......................................................................................75
6.7.8. Flow Calibration .....................................................................................................76
6.8. Digital Inputs and Outputs .............................................................................................76
6.8.1. Status Outputs.......................................................................................................76
6.8.2. Control Inputs........................................................................................................77
6.9. Setup - Communication Ports (COMM).............................................................................78
6.9.1. Analyzer ID ...........................................................................................................79
6.9.2. COM Port Default Settings .......................................................................................79
6.9.3. COM Port Cable Connections ....................................................................................80
6.9.4. COM2 Configuration................................................................................................80
6.9.5. DTE and DCE Communication ..................................................................................81
6.9.6. COM Port Communication Modes ..............................................................................81
6.9.7. COM Port Baud Rate ...............................................................................................84
6.9.8. COM Port Testing ...................................................................................................84
6.9.9. Ethernet Port Configuration .....................................................................................85
6.9.10. Hessen Mode Configuration....................................................................................88
6.10. Setup - Data Acquisition System (DAS) .........................................................................89
6.10.1. iDAS Structure .....................................................................................................90
6.10.1.1. iDAS Channels ...............................................................................................90
6.10.1.2. iDAS Parameters............................................................................................91
6.10.1.3. iDAS Triggering Events ...................................................................................92
6.10.2. Configuring the iDAS.............................................................................................92
6.10.2.1. Default M9110E iDAS Configuration ..................................................................92
6.10.2.2. Viewing iDAS Data and Settings.......................................................................94
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Model 9110E Instruction Manual M9110E Documentation
6.10.2.3. Editing iDAS Data Channels ............................................................................ 95
6.10.2.4. Trigger Events...............................................................................................97
6.10.2.5. Editing iDAS Parameters................................................................................. 98
6.10.2.6. Sample Period and Report Period ................................................................... 100
6.10.2.7. Number of Records ...................................................................................... 101
6.10.2.8. RS-232 Report Function ............................................................................... 102
6.10.2.9. Compact Report .......................................................................................... 103
6.10.2.10. Starting Date ............................................................................................ 103
6.10.2.11. Disabling/Enabling Data Channels ................................................................ 103
6.10.2.12. HOLDOFF Feature ...................................................................................... 104
6.10.3. Remote iDAS Configuration ................................................................................. 105
6.11. Remote Operation of the Analyzer .............................................................................. 106
6.11.1. Basic Operation ................................................................................................. 106
6.11.1.1. Terminal Operating Modes ............................................................................ 106
6.11.1.2. Help Commands in Terminal Mode ................................................................. 107
6.11.1.3. Command Syntax ........................................................................................ 107
6.11.1.4. Data Types ................................................................................................. 108
6.11.2. Status Reporting ................................................................................................ 108
6.11.3. Remote Access by Modem ................................................................................... 109
6.11.4. COM Port Password Security ................................................................................ 110
6.11.5. APICOM Remote Control Program......................................................................... 111
6.11.6. Additional Communications Documentation ........................................................... 112
7. CALIBRATION PROCEDURES..........................................................................................113
7.1. Calibration Preparations .............................................................................................. 113
7.1.1. Required Equipment, Supplies, and Expendables ..................................................... 113
7.1.2. Zero Air .............................................................................................................. 113
7.1.3. Span Gas Standards............................................................................................. 113
7.1.4. NO
7.1.5. Calibration Gas Traceability ................................................................................... 114
7.1.6. Data Recording Devices ........................................................................................ 114
7.1.7. NO
7.2. Manual Calibration...................................................................................................... 116
7.2.1. Connect Zero Air and Span Gases to the Analyzer .................................................... 117
7.2.2. Set Expected NO and NO
7.2.3. Perform Zero/Span Calibration: ............................................................................. 118
7.3. Calibration Checks...................................................................................................... 119
7.4. Calibration with Zero/Span Valves ................................................................................ 119
7.5. Calibration with IZS Option.......................................................................................... 120
7.6. Calibration Checks with IZS or Zero/Span Valves ........................................................... 123
7.7. Calibration With Independent or AUTO Ranges............................................................... 124
7.7.1. Calibration in AUTO Range Mode............................................................................ 124
7.7.2. Independent Range Mode ..................................................................................... 125
7.7.3. Calibration With Remote Contact Closures............................................................... 125
7.8. Automatic Calibration (AutoCal) ................................................................................... 126
7.9. Calibration Quality Analysis ......................................................................................... 128
8. EPA PROTOCOL CALIBRATION.......................................................................................131
8.1. Calibration of Equipment ............................................................................................. 131
8.2. Gas Phase Titration (GPT) ........................................................................................... 133
8.2.1. GPT Principle of Operation..................................................................................... 133
8.2.2. GPT Calibrator Check Procedure............................................................................. 133
8.2.3. Example GPT Calculation ...................................................................................... 134
8.3. Multipoint Calibration Procedure ................................................................................... 136
8.3.1. Zero Calibration................................................................................................... 137
8.3.2. Span Calibration .................................................................................................. 137
8.3.3. GPT NO
8.4. Calibration Frequency ................................................................................................. 139
8.5. Other Quality Assurance Procedures ............................................................................. 139
8.6. Summary of Quality Assurance Checks ......................................................................... 140
8.7. Short Calibration Checks ............................................................................................. 141
8.7.1. Zero/Span Check Procedures................................................................................. 141
Permeation Tubes.......................................................................................... 114
2
Conversion Efficiency ..................................................................................... 114
2
Span Gas Concentrations................................................. 117
X
Calibration ............................................................................................. 138
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M9110E Documentation Model 9110E Instruction Manual
8.7.2. Precision Check....................................................................................................142
8.7.3. Precision Check Procedure .....................................................................................142
8.8. Certification of Working Standards ................................................................................142
8.8.1. Certification Procedures of Working Standards .........................................................143
8.8.1.1. Other Methods of Establishing Traceability ........................................................143
8.9. References.................................................................................................................143
9. INSTRUMENT MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................ 145
9.1. Maintenance Schedule .................................................................................................145
9.2. Predictive Diagnostics..................................................................................................147
9.3. Maintenance Procedures ..............................................................................................147
9.3.1. Changing the Sample Particulate Filter ....................................................................148
9.3.2. Changing the O
9.3.3. Changing the Ozone Filter Chemical........................................................................150
9.3.4. Rebuilding the External Sample Pump .....................................................................151
9.3.5. Changing the Pump and IZS Dust Filters .................................................................152
9.3.6. Changing the IZS Permeation Tube ........................................................................152
9.3.7. Changing the External Zero Air Scrubber.................................................................153
9.3.8. Changing the NO
9.3.9. Cleaning the Reaction Cell .....................................................................................155
9.3.10. Cleaning or Changing Critical Flow Orifices.............................................................157
9.3.11. Checking for Light Leaks .....................................................................................158
10. THEORY OF OPERATION.............................................................................................. 159
10.1. Measurement Principle...............................................................................................159
10.1.1. Chemiluminescence ............................................................................................159
10.1.2. NOX and NO
10.1.3. Chemiluminescence Detection ..............................................................................161
10.1.3.1. The Photo Multiplier Tube..............................................................................161
10.1.3.2. Optical Filter................................................................................................162
10.1.4. Auto Zero ..........................................................................................................162
10.1.5. Measurement Interferences .................................................................................163
10.1.5.1. Direct Interference .......................................................................................163
10.1.5.2. Third Body Quenching ..................................................................................163
10.1.5.3. Light Leaks .................................................................................................165
10.2. Pneumatic Operation .................................................................................................165
10.2.1. Pump and Exhaust Manifold .................................................................................165
10.2.2. Sample Gas Flow ................................................................................................166
10.2.3. Sample Particulate Filter......................................................................................167
10.2.4. Ozone Gas Air Flow.............................................................................................168
10.2.5. O
10.2.6. Perma Pure
Generator .....................................................................................................168
3
10.2.7. Ozone Supply Air Filter........................................................................................170
10.2.8. Ozone Scrubber .................................................................................................171
10.2.9. Flow Rate Control - Critical Flow Orifices................................................................171
10.2.10. Pneumatic Sensors ...........................................................................................173
10.2.10.1. Vacuum Manifold........................................................................................173
10.2.10.2. Sample Pressure Sensor..............................................................................174
10.2.10.3. Vacuum Pressure Sensor.............................................................................174
10.2.10.4. O
10.2.11. Dilution Manifold...............................................................................................175
10.3. Electronic Operation ..................................................................................................175
10.3.1. CPU ..................................................................................................................176
10.3.1.1. Disk On Chip ...............................................................................................177
10.3.1.2. Flash Chip ...................................................................................................178
10.3.2. Sensor Module, Reaction Cell & PMT .....................................................................178
10.3.2.1. Reaction Cell Heating Circuit..........................................................................178
10.3.2.2. Photo Multiplier Tube (PMT)...........................................................................178
10.3.2.3. PMT Cooling System .....................................................................................179
10.3.2.4. TEC Control Board........................................................................................179
10.3.2.5. PMT Preamplifier ..........................................................................................180
10.3.3. Pneumatic Sensor Board......................................................................................181
Dryer Particulate Filter ..................................................................149
3
converter ..................................................................................154
2
Determination .................................................................................160
2
®
Dryer .............................................................................................169
Supply Air Flow Sensor ...........................................................................174
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10.3.4. Relay Board....................................................................................................... 182
10.3.4.1. Heater Control ............................................................................................ 182
10.3.4.2. Valve Control .............................................................................................. 182
10.3.4.3. Status LEDs ................................................................................................ 182
10.3.5. Motherboard...................................................................................................... 183
10.3.5.1. A to D Conversion........................................................................................ 183
10.3.5.2. Sensor Inputs ............................................................................................. 183
10.3.5.3. Thermistor Interface .................................................................................... 184
10.3.5.4. Analog Outputs ........................................................................................... 184
10.3.5.5. External Digital I/O ...................................................................................... 185
10.3.5.6. I
10.3.5.7. Power-up Circuit.......................................................................................... 185
10.3.6. Power Supply/ Circuit Breaker ............................................................................. 185
10.3.7. Communications Interface................................................................................... 186
10.3.7.1. Front Panel ................................................................................................. 187
10.3.7.2. Display....................................................................................................... 187
10.3.7.3. Keypad....................................................................................................... 188
10.3.7.4. Front Panel States LED’s............................................................................... 188
10.3.7.5. Display / Keyboard Interface Electronics ......................................................... 188
10.4. Software Operation................................................................................................... 189
10.4.1. Adaptive Filter ................................................................................................... 189
10.4.2. Calibration - Slope and Offset .............................................................................. 190
10.4.3. Temperature/Pressure Compensation (TPC) .......................................................... 191
10.4.4. NO
10.4.5. Internal Data Acquisition System (iDAS) ............................................................... 192
11. TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR ....................................................................................193
11.1. General Troubleshooting............................................................................................ 193
11.1.1. Warning Messages ............................................................................................. 194
11.1.2. Fault Diagnosis with Test Functions ...................................................................... 194
11.1.3. Using the Diagnostic Signal I/O Function............................................................... 195
11.1.4. Status LED’s ...................................................................................................... 196
11.1.4.1. Motherboard Status Indicator (Watchdog) ...................................................... 196
11.1.4.2. CPU Status Indicator .................................................................................... 197
11.1.4.3. Relay Board and Status LEDs ........................................................................ 197
11.2. Gas Flow Problems ................................................................................................... 199
11.2.1. Zero or Low Flow Problems ................................................................................. 200
11.2.1.1. Sample Flow is Zero or Low .......................................................................... 200
11.2.1.2. Ozone Flow is Zero or Low ............................................................................ 201
11.2.2. High Flow.......................................................................................................... 202
11.2.3. Sample Flow is Zero or Low But Analyzer Reports Correct Flow ................................ 202
11.3. Calibration Problems ................................................................................................. 202
11.3.1. Negative Concentrations ..................................................................................... 202
11.3.2. No Response ..................................................................................................... 203
11.3.3. Unstable Zero and Span...................................................................................... 204
11.3.4. Inability to Span - No SPAN Key........................................................................... 204
11.3.5. Inability to Zero - No ZERO Key ........................................................................... 205
11.3.6. Non-Linear Response.......................................................................................... 205
11.3.7. Discrepancy Between Analog Output and Display ................................................... 206
11.3.8. Discrepancy between NO and NO
11.4. Other Performance Problems...................................................................................... 206
11.4.1. Excessive noise.................................................................................................. 206
11.4.2. Slow Response .................................................................................................. 207
11.4.3. Auto-zero Warnings............................................................................................ 207
11.5. Subsystem Checkout................................................................................................. 208
11.5.1. Simple Vacuum Leak and Pump Check .................................................................. 208
11.5.2. Detailed Pressure Leak Check .............................................................................. 208
11.5.3. Performing a Sample Flow Check ......................................................................... 209
11.5.4. AC Power Configuration ...................................................................................... 210
11.5.5. DC Power Supply ............................................................................................... 210
11.5.6. I
2
C Data Bus ............................................................................................... 185
Converter Efficiency Compensation ................................................................ 192
2
slopes .............................................................. 206
X
2
C Bus ............................................................................................................. 211
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M9110E Documentation Model 9110E Instruction Manual
11.5.7. Keyboard / Display Interface................................................................................211
11.5.8. Relay Board .......................................................................................................212
11.5.9. Motherboard ......................................................................................................212
11.5.9.1. A/D functions ..............................................................................................212
11.5.9.2. Analog Output Voltages ................................................................................212
11.5.9.3. Status Outputs ............................................................................................213
11.5.9.4. Control Inputs .............................................................................................213
11.5.10. CPU ................................................................................................................214
11.5.11. RS-232 Communication .....................................................................................214
11.5.11.1. General RS-232 Troubleshooting ..................................................................214
11.5.11.2. Modem or Terminal Operation......................................................................215
11.5.12. PMT Sensor......................................................................................................215
11.5.13. PMT Preamplifier Board .....................................................................................215
11.5.14. High Voltage Power Supply ................................................................................216
11.5.15. Pneumatic Sensor Assembly...............................................................................216
11.5.15.1. Reaction Cell Pressure ................................................................................217
11.5.15.2. Sample Pressure ........................................................................................217
11.5.15.3. Ozone Flow................................................................................................218
11.5.16. NO
11.5.17. O
11.5.18. IZS Option .......................................................................................................219
Converter..................................................................................................218
2
Generator....................................................................................................219
3
11.5.19. Box Temperature ..............................................................................................220
11.5.20. PMT Temperature .............................................................................................220
11.6. Repair Procedures .....................................................................................................220
11.6.1. Disk-on-Chip Replacement...................................................................................221
11.6.2. Flash Chip Replacement or Upgrade ......................................................................221
11.6.3. O
11.6.4. Sample and Ozone Dryer Replacement..................................................................222
Generator Replacement ..................................................................................222
3
11.6.5. PMT Sensor Hardware Calibration .........................................................................223
11.6.6. Replacing the PMT, HVPS or TEC ..........................................................................225
11.7. Technical Assistance..................................................................................................226
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3-1: Location of Shipping Screws and Power Configuration Plug............................... 10
Figure 3-2: M9110E Layout.......................................................................................... 11
Figure 3-3: M9110E Rear Panel Layout .......................................................................... 12
Figure 3-4: M9110E Front Panel Layout ......................................................................... 12
Figure 3-5: Basic Pneumatic Connections for Units Without Valve Options........................... 14
Figure 3-6: Basic Pneumatic Connections for Units With Valve Options ............................... 16
Figure 3-7: Analog Output Connector ............................................................................ 17
Figure 3-8: Status Output Connector............................................................................. 18
Figure 3-9: Control Input Connector.............................................................................. 19
Figure 3-10: Front Panel Display During Startup Sequence................................................. 21
Figure 3-11: M9110E Pneumatic Diagram In Standard Configuration ................................... 25
Figure 3-12: M9110E Pneumatic Diagram With Options Installed......................................... 26
Figure 5-1: M9110E with Carrying Strap Handle and Rack Mount Brackets .......................... 36
Figure 5-2: Current Loop Option Installed on the Motherboard .......................................... 37
Figure 5-3: M9110E Ethernet Card and Rear Panel With Ethernet Installed ......................... 42
Figure 0-1: Analog Output Connector Key ...................................................................... 52
Figure 0-2: Setup for Calibrating Analog Outputs ............................................................ 68
Figure 0-3: Setup for Calibrating Current Outputs ........................................................... 71
Figure 0-4: Status Output Connector............................................................................. 77
Figure 0-5: Control Inputs with Local and External 5 V Power Supply ................................. 78
Figure 0-6: APICOM Graphical User Interface for Configuring the iDAS ..............................105
Figure 0-7: iDAS Configuration Through a Terminal Emulation Program.............................106
Figure 0-8: APICOM Remote Control Program Interface...................................................111
Figure 7-1: Gas Supply Setup for Determination of NO2 Conversion Efficiency ....................115
Figure 7-2: Setup for Manual Calibration without Z/S valve or IZS Option..........................117
Figure 7-3: Pneumatic Connections for Manual Calibration Checks with IZS........................121
Figure 7-4: Setup for Manual Calibration Check with Z/S Valve or IZS Option.....................123
Figure 8-1: GPT Calibration System..............................................................................137
Figure 9-1: Sample Particulate Filter Assembly ..............................................................148
Figure 9-2: Particle Filter on O3 Supply Air Dryer............................................................149
Figure 9-3: 04419 Ozone Filter Unit ............................................................................. 150
Figure 9-4: Zero Air Scrubber Assembly........................................................................154
Figure 9-5: NO2 Converter Assembly ............................................................................155
Figure 9-6: Reaction Cell Assembly ..............................................................................156
Figure 9-7: Critical Flow Orifice Assembly......................................................................158
Figure 10-1: M9110E Sensitivity Spectrum...................................................................... 160
Figure 10-2: NO2 Conversion Principle ............................................................................161
Figure 10-3: Reaction Cell with PMT Tube .......................................................................162
Figure 10-4: Reaction Cell During the AutoZero Cycle.......................................................163
Figure 10-5: External Pump Pack...................................................................................166
Figure 10-6: Ozone Generator Principle ..........................................................................168
Figure 10-7: Semi-Permeable Membrane Drying Process...................................................169
Figure 10-8: M9110E Perma Pure® Dryer........................................................................170
Figure 10-9: Flow Control Assembly & Critical Flow Orifice ................................................172
Figure 10-10: Vacuum Manifold, Standard Configuration.....................................................174
Figure 10-11: Dilution Manifold.......................................................................................175
Figure 10-12: M9110E Electronic Block Diagram................................................................176
Figure 10-13: M9110E CPU Board Annotated ....................................................................177
Figure 10-14: Schematic of Basic PMT Design and Functionality...........................................179
Figure 10-15: PMT Preamp Block Diagram ........................................................................181
Figure 10-16: Power Distribution Block Diagram................................................................186
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M9110E Documentation Model 9110E Instruction Manual
Figure 10-17: M9110E Electronic Interface Block Diagram ..................................................187
Figure 10-18: Keyboard and Display Interface Block Diagram..............................................189
Figure 10-19: Schematic of Basic Software Operation ........................................................190
Figure 11-1: Viewing and Clearing Warning Messages ......................................................194
Figure 11-2: Switching Signal I/O Functions....................................................................196
Figure 11-3: Motherboard Watchdog Status Indicator.......................................................197
Figure 11-4: Relay Board PCA.......................................................................................198
Figure 11-5: Pressure / Flow Sensor Assembly ................................................................217
Figure 11-6: Pre-Amplifier Board Layout.........................................................................224
Figure 11-7: M9110E Sensor Assembly ..........................................................................225
Figure A-1: Basic Sample Display Menu ........................................................................230
Figure A-2: Sample Display Menu - Units with Z/S Valve or IZS Option installed .................231
Figure A-3: Primary Setup Menu (Except iDAS)..............................................................232
Figure A-4: Secondary Setup Menu (COMM & VARS).......................................................233
Figure A-5: Secondary Setup Menu (DIAG) ...................................................................234
Figure A-6: Internal Data Acquisition (iDAS) Menu .........................................................235
x M9110E Rev B
Model 9110E Instruction Manual M9110E Documentation
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2-1: Model 9110E Basic Unit Specifications ............................................................. 5
Table 3-1: Inlet / Outlet Connector Nomenclature .......................................................... 13
Table 3-2: Analog Output Pin-Outs............................................................................... 18
Table 3-3: Status Output Signals ................................................................................. 18
Table 3-4: Control Input Signals .................................................................................. 19
Table 3-5: Front Panel Display During System Warm-Up ................................................. 21
Table 3-6: Possible Warning Messages at Start-Up ......................................................... 23
Table 5-1: IZS or Z/S Valve States .............................................................................. 38
Table 5-2: Available Permeation Source Options ............................................................ 39
Table 5-3: Contents of Zero Air Scrubber Maintenance Kit............................................... 40
Table 5-4: Dryer and NH3 Removal Options................................................................... 42
Table 0-1: Analyzer Operating modes........................................................................... 45
Table 0-2: Test Functions Defined................................................................................ 47
Table 0-3: List of Warning Messages Revision C.4 .......................................................... 48
Table 0-4: Password Levels......................................................................................... 49
Table 0-5: Variable Names (VARS) Revision C.4............................................................. 59
Table 0-6: M9110E Diagnostic (DIAG) Functions ............................................................ 61
Table 0-7: DIAG - Analog I/O Functions........................................................................ 64
Table 0-8: Analog Output Voltage Ranges..................................................................... 64
Table 0-9: Analog Output Current Loop Range............................................................... 65
Table 0-10: Analog Output Pin Assignments.................................................................... 65
Table 0-11: Voltage Tolerances for Analog Output Calibration............................................ 68
Table 0-12: Current Loop Output Calibration with Resistor ................................................ 72
Table 0-13: Test Parameters Available for Analog Output A4 ............................................. 73
Table 0-14: Status Output Pin Assignments .................................................................... 77
Table 0-15: Control Input Pin Assignments ..................................................................... 78
Table 0-16: COM1 and COM2 DB-9 Pin Assignments ........................................................ 81
Table 0-17: COM Port Communication Modes .................................................................. 82
Table 0-18: Ethernet Status Indicators........................................................................... 85
Table 0-19: Front Panel LED Status Indicators for iDAS .................................................... 89
Table 0-20: iDAS Data Channel Properties ...................................................................... 90
Table 0-21: iDAS Data Parameter Functions.................................................................... 91
Table 0-22: M9110E Default iDAS Configuration, Revision C.7. .......................................... 93
Table 0-23: Terminal Mode Software Commands ............................................................107
Table 0-24: Command Types .......................................................................................108
Table 0-25: Serial Interface Documents ........................................................................112
Table 7-1: IZS Option Valve States with CAL_ON_NO2 Turned ON ...................................121
Table 7-2: AutoCal Modes..........................................................................................126
Table 7-3: AutoCal Attribute Setup Parameters.............................................................126
Table 7-4: Example Auto-Cal Sequence .......................................................................127
Table 7-5: Calibration Data Quality Evaluation..............................................................129
Table 8-1: Activity Matrix for EPA Calibration Equipment and Supplies .............................132
Table 8-2: Activity Matrix for Calibration Procedure .......................................................132
Table 8-3: Definition of Level 1 and Level 2 Zero and Span Checks..................................140
Table 8-4: Activity Matrix for Data Quality ...................................................................141
Table 9-1: M9110E Preventive Maintenance Schedule....................................................145
Table 9-2: Predictive Uses for Test Functions................................................................147
Table 10-1: List of Interferents ....................................................................................164
Table 10-2: M9110E Valve Cycle Phases........................................................................167
Table 10-3: M9110E Gas Flow Rates .............................................................................172
Table 10-4: Front Panel Status LED’s ............................................................................188
M9110E Rev B xi
M9110E Documentation Model 9110E Instruction Manual
Table 11-1: Test Functions - Possible Causes for Out-Of-Range Values ..............................195
Table 11-2: Relay Board Status LEDs............................................................................199
Table 11-3: DC Power Test Point and Wiring Color Code ..................................................210
Table 11-4: DC Power Supply Acceptable Levels .............................................................211
Table 11-5: Relay Board Control Devices.......................................................................212
Table 11-6: Analog Output Test Function - Nominal Values ..............................................213
Table 11-7: Status Outputs Check ................................................................................213
xii M9110E Rev B
Model 9110E Instruction Manual M9110E Documentation
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A: SOFTWARE DOCUMENTATION............................................................229
APPENDIX A-1: M9110E Software Menu Trees and Index, Revision C.8.............................. 230
APPENDIX A-2: Setup Variables For Serial I/O, Revision C.8............................................. 236
APPENDIX A-3: Warnings and Test Measurements, Revision C.8 ....................................... 245
APPENDIX A-4: M9110E Signal I/O Definitions, Revision C.8............................................. 247
APPENDIX A-5: M9110E Trigger Events and iDAS Functions, Revision C.8 .......................... 249
APPENDIX A-6: Terminal Command Designators, Revision C.8.......................................... 252
APPENDIX B: SPARE PARTS AND EXPENDABLES .....................................................255
APPENDIX C: WARRANTY/REPAIR QUESTIONNAIRE MODEL 9110E........................263
APPENDIX D: DIAGRAMS AND SCHEMATICS............................................................265
M9110E Rev B xiii
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USER NOTES:
xiv M9110E Rev B
Model 9110E Instruction Manual M9110E Documentation
1. M9110E DOCUMENTATION
1.1. Available Documentation
Thank you for purchasing the Model 9110E Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer! The documentation
for this instrument is available in different formats:
• Printed format, part number 044100100
Additional documentation for the Model 9110E Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer is available from
TAI’s website at http://www.teledyne-ai.com/manuals/
• APICOM software manual, part number 03945
• Multi-drop manual, part number 02179
• DAS manual, part number 02837.
• Ethernet configuration document, part number 04324.
Other documentation may be added to the website in the future.
1.2. Manual Structure
1.0 Table of Contents:
Outlines the contents of the manual in the order the information is presented. This is a good
overview of the topics covered in the manual. There is also a list of appendices, figures and
tables. In the electronic version of the manual, clicking on a any of these table entries
automatically views that section.
M9110E Rev B 1
M9110E Documentation Model 9110E Instruction Manual
2.0 Specifications and Warranty
A list of the analyzer’s performance specifications, a description of the conditions and
configuration under which EPA equivalency was approved and TAI’s warranty statement.
3.0 Getting Started
Concise instructions for setting up, installing and running your analyzer for the first time.
4.0 FAQ & Glossary:
Answers to the most frequently asked questions about operating the analyzer and a
glossary of acronyms and technical terms.
5.0 Optional Hardware & Software
A description of optional equipment to add functionality to your analyzer.
6.0 Operation Instructions
Step by step instructions for operating the analyzer.
7.0 Calibration Procedures
General information and step by step instructions for calibrating your analyzer.
8.0 EPA Protocol Calibration
Specific information regarding calibration requirements for analyzers used in EPA-regulated
monitoring applications.
9.0 Instrument Maintenance
Description of preventative maintenance procedures that should be regularly performed on
you instrument to assure good operating condition. This includes information on using the
iDAS to predict possible component failures before they happen.
10.0 Theory of Operation
An in-depth look at the various principals by which your analyzer operates as well as a
description of how the various electronic, mechanical and pneumatic components of the
instrument work and interact with each other. A close reading of this section is invaluable
for understanding the instrument’s operation.
11.0 Troubleshooting & Repair
This section includes pointers and instructions for diagnosing problems with the instrument,
such as excessive noise or drift, as well as instructions on performing repairs of the
instrument’s major subsystems.
Appendices
For easier access and better updating, some information has been separated out of the
manual and placed in a series of appendices at the end of this manual. These include
2 M9110E Rev B
Model 9110E Instruction Manual M9110E Documentation
version-specific software menu trees, warning messages, definitions of iDAS & serial I/O
variables as well as spare part listings, repair questionnaire, interconnect drawing, detailed
pneumatic and electronic schematics.
1.3. How to use this Instruction Manual
Throughout this manual, words printed in capital, bold letters, such as SETUP or ENTR
represent messages as they appear on the analyzer’s front panel display.
The flowcharts in this manual contain typical representations of the analyzer’s display
during the described operations. These representations are not necessarily exact and may
differ slightly from the actual display of your instrument.
NOTE:
Warnings and special notes are called out in bold,
centered frames such as this one.
Cautionary notes with special symbols such as this one may appear
throughout the manual indicating hazardous operations requiring
either trained, technical personnel or particular attention.
M9110E Rev B 3
M9110E Documentation Model 9110E Instruction Manual
USER NOTES:
4 M9110E Rev B
Model 9110E Instruction Manual Specifications, Approvals and Warranty
2. SPECIFICATIONS, APPROVALS AND
WARRANTY
2.1. M9110E Operating Specifications
Table 2-1: Model 9110E Basic Unit Specifications
Min/Max Range
(Physical Analog Output)
Measurement Units ppb, ppm, µg/m3, mg/m3 (user selectable)
Zero Noise1 0.2 ppb (RMS)
Span Noise1 <0.5% of reading above 50 ppb or 0.2 ppm, whichever is greater
Lower Detectable Limit2 0.4 ppb
Zero Drift (24 hours) <0.5 ppb (at constant temperature and voltage.)
Zero Drift (7 days) 1 ppb (at constant temperature and voltage.)
Span Drift (7 Days) <0.5% of full Scale (at constant temperature and voltage.)
Linearity 1% of full scale
Precision 0.5% of reading
Temperature Coefficient
Voltage Coefficient < 0.1% per V
1
Lag Time
Rise/Fall Time1 95% in <60 s
Sample Flow Rate 500 cm3/min. ± 10%
Temperature Range
Humidity Range 0-95% RH non-condensing
Dimensions H x W x D 18 cm x 43 cm x 61 cm (7" x 17" x 23.6")
Weight, Analyzer 18 kg (40 lbs)
Weight, Ext Pump Pack 7 kg (16 lbs)
AC Power Rating 100 V, 50/60 Hz (3.25A);
Power, Ext Pump 100 V, 50/60 Hz (3.25A); 115 V, 60 Hz (3.0 A);
Environmental Installation category (over-voltage category) II; Pollution degree 2
Analog Outputs 4 outputs
Analog Output Ranges All Outputs: 0.1 V, 1 V, 5 V or 10 V (user selectable)
Analog Output Resolution 1 part in 4096 of selected full-scale voltage (12 bit)
Status Outputs 8 Status outputs from opto-isolators, 7 defined, 1 spare
Control Inputs 6 Control inputs, 4 defined, 2 spare
Serial I/O 1 RS-232; 1 RS-485 or RS-232 (configurable)
Certifications USEPA: Reference Method Number RFNA 1194-099
1
As defined by the USEPA.
2
Defined as twice the zero noise level by the USEPA.
Min: 0-50 ppb
Max: 0-20 ppm
< 0.1% per °C
20 s
5 - 40 °C operating and EPA equivalency
115 V, 60 Hz (3.0 A);
220 - 240 V, 50/60 Hz (2.5 A)
220 - 240 V, 50/60 Hz (2.5 A)
Three outputs convertible to 4-20 mA isolated current loop.
All Ranges with 5% under/over range
Communication speed: 300 - 115200 baud (user selectable)
CE: EN61326 (1997 w/A1: 98) Class A, FCC Part 15 Subpart B Section
15.107 Class A, ICES-003 Class A (ANSI C63.4 1992) & AS/NZS 3548
(w/A1 & A2; 97) Class A.
M9110E Rev B 5
Specifications, Approvals and Warranty Model 9110E Instruction Manual
2.2. EPA Equivalency Designation
The Model 9110E Analyzer is designated as Reference Method Number RFNA-1194-099
(same designation as model M200A) as per 40 CFR Part 53 when operated under the
following conditions:
• Range: Any full-scale range between 0-0.05 and 0-1.0 ppm (parts per million).
• Ambient temperature range of 5
• Line voltage range of 105-125 VAC or 220-240 VAC, at 50 or 60 Hz.
• Equipped with PTFE filter element in the internal filter assembly.
• Equipped with ozone supply air filter
External vacuum pump capable of 10 in-Hg-A at 2 standard liters per minute (slpm) or
better.
Software settings:
Dynamic span OFF
Dynamic zero OFF
Cal-on-NO
OFF
2
Dilution factor OFF
Temp/Pressure compensation ON
AutoCal ON or OFF
Independent range ON or OFF
Auto-range ON or OFF
Converter efficiency Acceptable values of 0.96 to 1.02
Under the designation, the analyzer may be operated with or without the following optional
equipment:
• Rack mount with or without slides.
• Rack mount for external pump.
• Zero/span valve options.
• Nafion-type permeation sample gas conditioner
• Internal zero/span (IZS) option with:
• NO
• NO
permeation tube - 0.4ppm at 0.7 liter per minute; certified/uncertified.
2
permeation tube - 0.8 ppm at 0.7 liter per minute; certified/uncertified.
2
Under the designation, the IZS option cannot be used as the source of calibration.
to 40 oC.
• 4-20mA isolated analog outputs.
• Status outputs.
• Control inputs.
• RS-232 output.
• Ethernet communications option
6 M9110E Rev B
Model 9110E Instruction Manual Specifications, Approvals and Warranty
2.3. CE Mark Compliance
The Teledyne Instruments Nitrogen Oxides Analyzers M9110E, M9110EH and M9110EM
were tested and found to be fully compliant with:
EN61326 (1997 w/A1: 98) Class A, FCC Part 15 Subpart B Section 15.107 Class A,
ICES-003 Class A (ANSI C63.4 1992) & AS/NZS 3548 (w/A1 & A2; 97) Class A.
Tested on January 02-06, 2003 at CKC Laboratories, Inc., Report Number CE03-005.
The Teledyne Instruments Nitrogen Oxides Analyzers M9110E, M9110EH and M9110EM
were tested and found to be fully compliant with:
EN61010-1 (2001)
Tested on January 27-20, 2003.
2.4. Warranty
Warranty Policy (02024C)
Prior to shipment, TAI equipment is thoroughly inspected and tested. Should equipment
failure occur, TAI assures its customers that prompt service and support will be available.
Coverage
After the warranty period and throughout the equipment lifetime, TAI stands ready to
provide on-site or in-plant service at reasonable rates similar to those of other manufacturers in the industry. All maintenance and the first level of field troubleshooting is to be
performed by the customer.
Non-API Manufactured Equipment
Equipment provided but not manufactured by TAI is warranted and will be repaired to the
extent and according to the current terms and conditions of the respective equipment
manufacturers warranty.
General
TAI warrants each product manufactured by TAI to be free from defects in material and
workmanship under normal use and service for a period of one year from the date of
delivery. All replacement parts and repairs are warranted for 90 days after the purchase.
If a product fails to conform to its specifications within the warranty period, TAI shall
correct such defect by, in TAI's discretion, repairing or replacing such defective product or
refunding the purchase price of such product.
The warranties set forth in this section shall be of no force or effect with respect to any
product: (i) that has been altered or subjected to misuse, negligence or accident, or (ii)
that has been used in any manner other than in accordance with the instruction provided by
TAI or (iii) not properly maintained.
M9110E Rev B 7
Specifications, Approvals and Warranty Model 9110E Instruction Manual
THE WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION AND THE REMEDIES THEREFORE ARE
EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHER WARRANTY OF QUALITY, WHETHER EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED. THE REMEDIES SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION ARE THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES
FOR BREACH OF ANY WARRANTY CONTAINED HEREIN. TAI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS
AGREEMENT OF TAI'S PERFORMANCE HEREUNDER, WHETHER FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY
OR OTHERWISE.
Terms and Conditions
All units or components returned to TAI should be properly packed for handling and
returned freight prepaid to the nearest designated Service Center. After the repair, the
equipment will be returned, freight prepaid.
8 M9110E Rev B
Model 9110E Instruction Manual Getting Started
3. GETTING STARTED
3.1. Unpacking and Initial Setup
CAUTION
The M9110E weighs about 17 kg (40 pounds) without options installed. To avoid
personal injury, we recommend to use two persons to lift and carry the analyzer.
Inspect the received packages for external shipping damage. If damaged, please advise the
shipper first, then TAI.
Included with your analyzer is a printed record (Form number 04490) of the final performance characterization performed on your instrument at the factory. This record is an
important quality assurance and calibration record for this instrument. It should be placed
in the quality records file for this instrument.
• Carefully remove the top cover of the analyzer and check for internal shipping
damage.
• Remove the set screw located in the top, center of the rear panel.
• Remove the screws fastening the top cover to the unit (four per side).
• Lift the cover straight up.
CAUTION
Printed Circuit Assemblies (PCA) are static sensitive. Electrostatic discharges, too
small to be felt by humans, are large enough to destroy sensitive circuits.
Before touching a PCA, fasten a properly installed grounding strap to your wrist or
touch a bare metal part of the chassis to discharge any electrostatic potentials.
Never disconnect electronic circuit boards, wiring harnesses or electronic
subassemblies while the unit is under power.
Do not position the equipment so that it is difficult to operate the disconnecting
device.
• Inspect the interior of the instrument to make sure all circuit boards and other
components are in good shape and properly seated.
• Check the connectors of the various internal wiring harnesses and pneumatic hoses
to make sure they are firmly and properly seated.
• Verify that all of the optional hardware ordered with the unit has been installed.
These are checked on the paperwork (Form 04490) accompanying the analyzer.
• Once you have determined that no shipping damage exists and the unit includes all
expected hardware options, remove three, red colored shipping screws from the
bottom of the chassis, shown in Figure 3-1.
M9110E Rev B 9
Getting Started Model 9110E Instruction Manual
Figure 3-1: Location of Shipping Screws and Power Configuration Plug
NOTE
Save these shipping screws and re-install them whenever the unit is shipped.
A certain ventilation clearance is required for the operation of the analyzer:
Area Minimum required clearance
Back of the instrument 10 cm / 4 inches
Sides of the instrument 2.5 cm / 1 inch
Above and below the instrument 2.5 cm / 1 inch
Various rack mount kits are available for this analyzer. See Chapter 5 of this manual for
more information.
10 M9110E Rev B
Model 9110E Instruction Manual Getting Started
3.2. M9110E Layout
Figure 3-2 shows a top-down view of the analyzer. The shown configuration includes the
Ethernet board, IZS option, zero-air scrubber and an additional sample dryer. See
Chapter 5 for optional equipment. Figure 3-3 shows the rear panel configuration with
optional zero-air scrubber mounted to it and two optional fittings for the IZS option. Figure
3-4, finally shows the front panel layout of the analyzer.
Figure 3-2: M9110E Layout
M9110E Rev B 11
Getting Started Model 9110E Instruction Manual
Figure 3-3: M9110E Rear Panel Layout
Figure 3-4: M9110E Front Panel Layout
12 M9110E Rev B
Model 9110E Instruction Manual Getting Started
3.3. Pneumatic Connections
Sample and calibration gases should only come into contact with PTFE (Teflon), FEP, glass
or stainless steel materials. Figure 3-5 and Figure 3-6 illustrate the most common
configurations for gas supply and exhaust lines to the Model 9110E Analyzer. Appendix D
contains more detailed pneumatic flow diagrams for the analyzer and its various
(pneumatically related) options.
CAUTION
To prevent dust from getting into the analyzer, it was shipped with small plugs
inserted into each of the pneumatic fittings on the rear panel. Make sure that all
dust plugs are removed before attaching exhaust and supply gas lines.
Please refer to Figure 3-3 for pneumatic connections at the rear panel and Table 3-1 for
nomenclature.
Table 3-1: Inlet / Outlet Connector Nomenclature
Rear Panel Label Function
Sample
Exhaust Connects the exhaust of the analyzer with the external vacuum pump.
Span
Zero Air
Connects the sample gas to the analyzer. When operating the analyzer
without zero span option, this is also the inlet for any calibration gases.
On Units with zero/span valve or IZS option installed, this port
connects the external calibration gas to the analyzer.
On Units with zero/span valve or IZS option installed, this port
connects the zero air gas or the zero air cartridge to the analyzer.
• Attach a sample inlet line to the sample inlet port. Ideally, the pressure of the
sample gas should be equal to ambient atmospheric pressure.
• In applications where the sample gas is received from a pressurized manifold, a vent
must be provided to equalize the sample gas with ambient atmospheric pressure
before it enters the analyzer. The vented gas needs to be routed outside the immediate area or shelter surrounding the instrument.
CAUTION
Maximum pressure of any gas at the sample inlet should not exceed 1.5 in-Hg
above ambient pressure and ideally should equal ambient atmospheric pressure.
CAUTION
The exhaust from the external pump needs to be vented outside the
immediate area or shelter surrounding the instrument using a
maximum of 10 meters of 1/4” PTFE tubing.
M9110E Rev B 13
Getting Started Model 9110E Instruction Manual
R
• Attach the 1/4" exhaust line to the exhaust port of the analyzer and to the inlet port
of the pump.
• Attach zero air and span gas supply lines as appropriate (Figure 3-5 and Figure 3-6)
to the rear panel (Figure 3-3). For this type of analyzer, zero air and span gas are
defined as follows.
3.3.1. Span Gas Defined
Span gas is defined as a gas specifically mixed to match the chemical composition of the
type of gas being measured at near full scale of the desired measurement range. To
measure NO
with an NO
with the M9110E NOX Analyzer, it is recommended that you use a span gas
X
concentration equal to 80% of the measurement range for your application.
Calibrated
NO gas
concentration)
Calibrated
NO gas
(At span gas
concentrat ion)
(high
MODEL 701
Zero Air
Generator
MODEL 701
Zero Air
Generator
No Valve Options Installed
MODEL 700 Gas
Dilution
Calibrator
(with Ozone generator
option)
VENT
Pump
O
Needle valve to
control flow
Valve
VENT
Pump
Sample
Exhaust
Span
Zero Air
Sample
Exhaust
Span
Zero Air
Source of
SAMPLE gas
removed
during
calibration
MODEL
200E
Source of
SAMPLE gas
removed
during
calibration
MODEL
200E
Figure 3-5: Basic Pneumatic Connections for Units Without Valve Options
14 M9110E Rev B
Model 9110E Instruction Manual Getting Started
For example, if the measurement is NOX in ambient air between 0 and 500 ppb, an
appropriate span gas would be NO in air at 400 ppb NO concentration (80% of maximum
range). Even though NO gas in nitrogen could be used as a span gas, the matrix of the
balance gas is different and may cause interference problems or yield incorrect calibrations.
The same applies to gases that contain high concentrations of other compounds (for
example, CO
or H2O). The span gas should match all concentrations of all gases of the
2
measured medium as closely as possible.
Cylinders of calibrated NO gas traceable to NIST-standard reference materials specifications
(also referred to as EPA protocol calibration gases) are commercially available.
Some applications, such as EPA monitoring, require a multipoint calibration where span
gases of different concentrations are needed. We recommend using an NO gas of higher
concentration combined with a gas dilution calibrator such as a TAI Model 700. This type of
calibrator mixes a high concentration gas with zero air (both supplied externally) to
accurately produce span gas of the desired concentration. Linearity profiles can be
automated with this model and run unattended overnight. The dynamic range of the M700
is about 0.1 to 0.001 times the original span concentration.
If a dynamic dilution system such as the TAI model 700 is used to dilute high concentration
gas standards to low, ambient concentrations, ensure that the NO concentration of the
reference gas matches the dilution range of the calibrator. Choose the NO gas concentration
such that the dynamic dilution system operates in its mid-range and not at the extremes of
its dilution capabilities. For example, a dilution calibrator with 10-10000 dilution ratio will
not be able to accurately dilute a 5000 ppm NO gas to a final concentration of 500 ppb, as
this would operate at the very extreme dilution setting. A 100 ppm NO gas in nitrogen is
much more suitable to calibrate the M9110E analyzer (dilution ratio of 222, in the midrange of the system’s capabilities).
3.3.2. Zero Gas Defined
Zero air or zero calibration gas is defined as a gas that is similar in chemical composition to
the measured medium but without the gas to be measured by the analyzer, in this case NO
and NO
capable of creating zero air from ambient air. However, if your application is not a
measurement in ambient air, the zero calibration gas should be matched to the matrix of
the measured medium. Pure nitrogen could be used as a zero gas for applications where
NO
For analyzers without zero air options, a zero air generator such as the TAI Model 701 can
be used. Please visit the company website for more information.
If your analyzer is equiped with either the zero/span valve option (Option 50) or the
internal zero/span option (Option 51), the pneumatic connections should be made as shown
in Figure 3-6 (see also Appendix D for detailed diagram).
M9110E Rev B 15
. If your analyzer is equipped with an IZS or external zero air scrubber option, it is
2
is measured in nitrogen.
X
Getting Started Model 9110E Instruction Manual
Span
Calibrated NO gas
MODEL 700
Gas Dilution Calibrator
(with O3 generator option)
(high concentration)
VENT
MODEL 701
Zero Air
Generator
Source of
SAMPLE Gas
External Zero
Air Scrubber
External Zero
Air Scrubber
Pump
Source of
SAMPLE Gas
Pump
Internal Zero/Span Option (IZS) – Option 51
VENT if input is pressurized
Sample
Exhaust
Zero Air
Particulate
Filter
Filter
Zero/Span Valves – Option 50
VENT if input is pressurized
Sample
Exhaust
Span
Zero Air
MODEL
9110E
MODEL
9110E
Figure 3-6: Basic Pneumatic Connections for Units With Valve Options
Once the appropriate pneumatic connections have been made, check all pneumatic fittings
for leaks using the procedures defined in Section 11.5.
WARNING
Gas flow must be maintained at all times for units with IZS Options installed. The
IZS option includes a permeation tube which emits NO2. Insufficient gas flow can
build up NO2 to levels that will damage the instrument. Remove the permeation
device when taking the analyzer out of operation.
16 M9110E Rev B
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