Tektronix WFM-90 User Manual

User Manual

WFM 90 & WFM 91
Handheld Waveform, Vector,
Picture, & Audio Monitor

070-8968-05

This document supports firmware version 1.00
and above.

Copyright  Tektronix, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and

pending. Information in this publication supercedes that in all previously
published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.

Printed in the U.S.A.
Tektronix, Inc., P.O. Box 1000, Wilsonville, OR 97070–1000
TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.

WARRANTY

In order to obtain service under this warranty , Customer must notify T ektronix of the defect
before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the
performance of service. Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the
defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, with shipping charges
prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to
a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer
shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for
products returned to any other locations.

This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or
improper or inadequate maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish
service under this warranty a) to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other
than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product; b) to repair damage
resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any
damage or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a
product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such
modification or integration increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product.

THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER
WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS
DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX’ RESPONSIBILITY
TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND
EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF
THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE
FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR
HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

T ektronix warrants that the products that it manufactures and sells will be free from defects
in materials and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment. If a
product proves defective during this warranty period, Tektronix, at its option, either will
repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a
replacement in exchange for the defective product.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents i. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

General Safety Summary vii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Preface ix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Getting Started

Product Description 1–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Applications 1–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Key Features 1–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Description of Features 1–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rasterized Color LCD Display 1–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Battery or AC Adapter Operation 1–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Menu-Assisted Monitoring Operation 1–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Video and Audio Input/Output 1–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Waveform Display Mode 1–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vector Display Mode 1–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Picture Display Mode 1–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Audio Display Mode 1–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Waveform-in-Picture Display Mode 1–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Line Select Mode 1–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Time-Out Mode 1–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amplitude Alarm Mode 1–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Preset Menu 1–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Instrument Readjustment 1–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

More Information 1–6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Options and Accessories

Options 1–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Accessories 1–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Standard Accessories 1–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Optional Accessories 1–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ordering 1–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

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Table of Contents

Installation

Instrument Packaging 1–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unpacking 1–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Packaging for Shipment 1–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Travel Case 1–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Electrical Installation 1–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Source 1–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Battery Operation 1–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Battery Installation and Removal 1–13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mechanical Installation 1–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Viewing Hood 1–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Desk Stand 1–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operation Basics

Functional Overview 2–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Keypad Controls 2–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Switch 2–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Display Mode Selection 2–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Menu Control 2–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Arrow Buttons 2–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Instrument Reset 2–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Side-Panel Connectors and Switches 2–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Video Input and Output Connectors 2–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Audio Input and Output Connectors 2–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DC Power Input Connector 2–6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Special Operating Modes 2–6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amplitude Alarm Mode 2–6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Variable Gain Mode 2–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Time-Out Mode 2–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Calibration Mode 2–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

On-Screen Readout 2–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Readout Description 2–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tutorial

Required Equipment 2–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Initial Equipment Connections 2–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Procedure 2–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reference

Using the Menus 3–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

General Menu Information 3–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Entering and Exiting Menus 3–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Making Menu Selections 3–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating Menus 3–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Waveform Display Mode Operating Menu 3–2. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vector Display Mode Operating Menu 3–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Audio Display Mode Operating Menu 3–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Picture Display Mode Operating Menu 3–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

WIP Display Mode Operating Menu 3–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Configuration Menu 3–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Configuration Menu DISPLAY Category 3–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Configuration Menu INTENS Category 3–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Configuration Menu INPUT Category 3–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Configuration Menu VAR GAIN Category 3–5. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Configuration Menu VECTOR Category 3–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Configuration Menu PICTURE Category 3–6. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Configuration Menu TIME-OUT Category 3–6. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Configuration Menu ALARMS Category 3–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Configuration Menu PRESETS Category 3–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Line Select Menu 3–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table of Contents

Making Measurements

Waveform Graticule 3–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Horizontal Scale 3–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vertical Scales 3–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Making Waveform Measurements 3–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

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Table of Contents

Standard Measurements 3–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Peak White 3–1 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DC Restorer 3–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vector Graticule 3–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chrominance Vector Targets 3–13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Differential Phase and Gain Measurement Box 3–14. . . . . . . . . .

Making Vector Measurements 3–14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chroma Bandwidth 3–14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Audio Graticule 3–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Making Audio Measurements 3–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Signal Amplitude 3–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency Response 3–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Headroom 3–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendices

Appendix A: Performance Specification A–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Safety Standards A–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Electrical Specifications A–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix B: User Service B–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fuse Replacement B–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Battery Replacement B–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cleaning B–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Exterior B–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Display Screen B–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Interior B–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LCD Display B–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Index

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WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

List of Illustrations

Figure 1–1: Packing the Option 33 travel case 1–11. . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 1–2: Installed polarity of alkaline batteries 1–13. . . . . . .

Figure 1–3: Removing the NiCad battery pack 1–14. . . . . . . . . .

Figure 1–4: Installing the viewing hood 1–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 1–5: Installing the desk stand 1–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–1: WFM 90 keypad 2–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–2: WFM 90 and WFM 91 side panels 2–5. . . . . . . . . .

Figure 2–3: On-screen r eadout messages 2–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table of Contents

Figure 3–1: NTSC waveform graticule 3–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–2: PAL waveform graticule 3–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–3: NTSC vector graticule 3–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–4: PAL vector graticule 3–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–5: Vector targets – NTSC

values (PAL values in parentheses) 3–13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–6: Differential gain and phase

measurement box 3–14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–7: Audio graticule with –3 dB

headroom selected 3–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3–8: Audio graticule with +10 dB

headroom selected 3–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Table of Contents

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WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

General Safety Summary

Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent
damage to this product or any products connected to it. To avoid
potential hazards, use this product only as specified.

Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures.

To Avoid Fire or Personal Injury

Observe All Terminal Ratings. To avoid fire or shock hazard, observe

all ratings and markings on the product. Consult the product manual
for further ratings information before making connections to the
product.

The common terminal is at ground potential. Do not connect the
common terminal to elevated voltages.

Replace Batteries Properly. Replace batteries only with the proper
type and rating specified.

Recharge Batteries Properly. Recharge batteries for the recommended
charge cycle only.

Use Proper AC Adapter . Use only the AC adapter specified for this
product.

Use Proper Fuse. Use only the fuse type and rating specified for this
product.

Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures. If you suspect there is
damage to this product, have it inspected by qualified service
personnel.

Do Not Operate in Wet/Damp Conditions.
Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere.

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

vii

General Safety Summary

Safety Terms and Symbols

Terms in This Manual. These terms may appear in this manual:

WARNING. W arning statements identify conditions or practices that
could result in injury or loss of life.

CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that
could result in damage to this product or other property.

Terms on the Product. These terms may appear on the product:
DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you

read the marking.
WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as

you read the marking.
CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.
Symbols on the Product. These symbols may appear on the product:

CAUTION

Refer to Manual

Double

Insulated

Battery Recycling

This product contains a Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) battery, which must
be recycled or disposed of properly. For the location of a local
battery recycler in the U.S. or Canada, please contact:

RBRC (800) BATTERY
Rechargeable Battery Recycling Corp. [phone]
P.O. Box 141870 www.rbrc.com
Gainesville, Florida 32614

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WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Preface

This manual is a guide for operators of the WFM 90 and WFM 91
Waveform, Vector, Picture, and Audio Monitor, and contains
instructions for practical use.

Throughout this manual, instrument controls and display readouts
appear in

Manual Overview

The following is a brief description of the content of the different
sections of this manual:

Getting Started provides a product description, a list of available
options and accessories, and information concerning the electrical
and mechanical installation of the instrument.

ALL CAPITALS.

Operation Basics contains a functional description of instrument
operation and is followed by an operator familiarization tutorial.

Reference provides descriptions of each menu selection and also
describes the different graticules and how to use them to make basic
signal measurements.

Appendix A lists complete instrument specifications, both
electrical and mechanical.

Appendix B provides instructions for preventive maintenance of
the instrument.

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

ix

Preface

The WFM 90 Handheld Waveform, Vector , Picture, and Audio Monitor

x

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Getting Started: Product Description

The T ektronix WFM 90 and WFM 91 is a handheld, self-contained,
rasterizing television waveform/vector/picture/audio monitor . The
instrument has a built-in LCD color display device and is powered
by batteries or by an AC adapter producing 12 VDC.

Applications

The WFM 90 and WFM 91 can be used in traditional in-house
applications of television production, post-production, and signal
transmission. The portability of this instrument allows it to be used
in non-traditional applications such as field production and system
maintenance.

Key Features

 Rasterized waveforms and graticules shown on the built-in color ,

4-inch diagonal TFT LCD display with viewing angle adjustment

 Instrument is powered by batteries or a DC adapter
 Menu-assisted monitoring operation
 Video and audio signal input/output capability
 Waveform, Vector, Picture, Audio, and Waveform-in-Picture

display modes

 Line Select mode which allows the selection of any single line of

video for viewing

 Time-out mode which shuts off power to the display backlight

and/or the instrument when the instrument is not in use

 Signal level alarm mode for the waveform and audio displays
 Preset menu to store/recall the front panel and menu setup
 Instrument readjustment is performed entirely from the keypad

(the adjustment procedures are located in the service manual)

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

1–1

Getting Started: Product Description

Description of Features

Rasterized Color LCD Display

The WFM 90 and WFM 91 uses a proprietary rasterizer which
displays analog waveforms or vectors on the color 4-inch diagonal,
backlit thin-film transistor (TFT) LCD raster display, simultaneously
with the appropriate measurement graticules. A viewing-angle
control for the display permits optimal signal viewing from different
positions.

The LCD display will retain an image if the instrument is left on in
one display mode for an extended period of time. This is typical for
the LCD display device. The retained image will fade over time, and
the fading can be accelerated by leaving the instrument turned off.

CAUTION. LCD Display Image Retention
To prevent image retention in the LCD display , enable the backlight

time-out mode or turn the instrument off if the monitor is going to be
left alone for more than two hours.

Battery or AC Adapter Operation

The instrument can be powered by six C-cell batteries, (alkaline or
NiCad) by an internally rechargable NiCad battery pack, or by an AC
adapter wall unit with a negative center lead producing 12 VDC. The
rechargeable NiCad battery pack is automatically recharged when the
12 VDC adapter is plugged into the instrument, while instrument
power is on or off.

NOTE. To avoid uninterupted operation when using the wall adapter,
be sure that the batteries are installed in the instrument.

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WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Getting Started: Product Description

NOTE. Only the NiCad battery pack recharges in the instrument.

Alkaline batteries are not recharged. The message

LOW BAT is

displayed in the on-screen readout when the batteries get critically
low on power .

Menu-Assisted Monitoring Operation

The menus use a combination of on-screen readout and multi-use
buttons, in conjunction with the Arrow Buttons, to control most of
the monitoring functions. Menus are entered by pressing one of the

MENU, CONFIG, or LINE SEL buttons. Menus are exited by pressing

the entry button for the open menu, or by entering another menu.

Video and Audio Input/Output

The WFM 90 and WFM 91 displays signals from the one channel of
composite video input, or from the one channel of audio input. An
external reference input allows the use of an external sync signal.

The video and external reference inputs are BNC connectors, each
with a rear-panel switch providing the choice of an internal 75 W
signal termination, or an unterminated high-impedance input. The
audio input is a standard 3-pin XLR connector .

The video output is a BNC connector that will drive a remote
monitor or video switcher . The audio output is a mini-headphone
stereo jack which outputs the mono input signal to both stereo
channels. The audio volume is fixed for each reference level. The
larger the displayed signal, the louder the volume.

Waveform Display Mode

The Waveform display mode provides a voltage-versus-time display
of the video signal with three standard sweep rates: 1H (5 s/divi-
sion), 2H (10 s/division), and 2F (two field). Each line-rate sweep
can be magnified X10 to sweep rates: 1H Mag (0.5 s/division), and
2H Mag (1 s/division). The 2F sweep is magnified by approximate­ly X20.

Vertical gain is fixed at X1 or X5, or variable from 45% to 155%.
The gain setting tracks between the Waveform and Vector display

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

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Getting Started: Product Description

modes. The signal filters are Flat (no filter) and Luminance
(low-pass filtered). The Line Select mode enables the selection of a
single line of video for display.

Vector Display Mode

The Vector display mode presents an XY plot of the demodulated
chrominance phase and amplitude portion of the video signal. The
vector angle represents chrominance phase, and the distance from the
center represents chrominance amplitude. The vector display is
useful when making differential gain and phase measurements.

A full 360_ phase shifter, and 75% and 100% color bar settings are
provided. Vector gain is fixed at X1 or X5, or variable from 45% to
155%. The gain setting tracks between the Waveform and Vector
display modes. The +V mode (PAL only) overlays the –V axis on the
+V axis to check the PAL system color encoders.

Picture Display Mode

The Picture display mode provides an unprocessed full color display
of the composite video signal. The NTSC Safe Action and Safe Title
areas, as well as the PAL Safe Area can be highlighted. The vertical
interval portion of the signal can be viewed by vertically shifting the
display. Controls for adjusting the hue and color of the picture
display are provided.

Audio Display Mode

The Audio display mode provides a voltage-versus-time display of a
single audio channel. The audio voltage is displayed on the vertical
scale with time on the horizontal scale at a two-field sweep rate.

Audio reference levels can be set to –10, 0, 4, or 8 dBu, with an
additional level available for microphone checks. The audio
headroom reference level can be set to –3 dB or +10 dB, and is for
audio signals below or above the reference level, respectively.

1–4

Waveform-in-Picture Display Mode

The Waveform-in-Picture (WIP) display mode provides a 1/4-screen­sized window over the Picture display for any one of the Waveform,

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Getting Started: Product Description

Vector, or Audio displays. The WIP window can be positioned to any
one of the four corners of the display. The Arrow Buttons retain their
default function for the display mode in the WIP window.

Line Select Mode

The Line Select mode enables the user to select any line of video for
viewing in either the Waveform or Vector display modes. The
desired line can be selected from either all video fields or from
alternating fields. With two-field sweep selected in the Waveform
display mode, the selected line is highlighted in the field display.

Time-Out Mode

When the Time-out mode is enabled, power is turned off to the
display backlight and/or the instrument when the front panel has not
been in use for a menu-selected length of time.

Amplitude Alarm Mode

The Amplitude Alarm mode provides automatic signal level
checking in the Waveform and Audio display modes. In the
Waveform display mode, the portion of the waveform exceeding the
100 IRE (1.0 V PAL) graticule line is highlighted. In the Audio
display mode, the portion of the waveform exceeding the selected
reference level is highlighted.

Preset Menu

The Preset menu allows the user to store the current instrument front
panel and menu settings for future use. In addition, there is a menu
selection which sets the front panel and menu settings back to a
factory-set default. These default settings are listed on page 3–7.

Instrument Readjustment

The WFM 90 and WFM 91 can be adjusted entirely from the front
panel after entering the Calibration menu. The instrument should
only be adjusted by qualified personnel. The service manual contains
the instructions for readjusting the instrument.

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

1–5

Getting Started: Product Description

More Information

 Instrument options and accessories, as well as ordering

information, are listed beginning on page 1–7.

 Battery operation is discussed beginning on page 1–12.
 A tutorial covering basic instrument operation starts on page

2–11.

 Detailed menu descriptions begin on page 3–1.
 A complete listing of instrument performance specifications is

located in Appendix A.

1–6

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Options and Accessories

This section lists the options which can be ordered as well as the
standard and optional accessories for the WFM 90 and WFM 91.
Ordering information is given at the end of the accessories list.

Options

The options listed below can be ordered with the WFM 90 and
WFM 91. Listed with the power adapter options are the Tektronix
part numbers to be used when ordering replacements.

Option A1 220 V Wall Unit Power Adapter, European TUV

(119-4540-00)

Option A2 240 V Wall Unit Power Adapter, UK

(119-4541-00)

Option A3 240 V Wall Unit Power Adapter, Australia

(119-4542-00)

Option A6 100 V Wall Unit Power Adapter, Japan

(119-4539-00)

Option M2 5 years Warranty/Remedial Service

Option M8 4 Calibration/Performance Tests

Option 33 Travel-line package including:

NiCad Battery Pack
Viewing Hood
Desk Stand
Carrying Case for a WFM 90 or WFM 91 and

a TSG90–Series signal generator

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

1–7

Getting Started: Options and Accessories

Accessories

Standard accessories are shipped with every instrument while
optional accessories must be ordered. Listed below are the standard
and optional accessories for the WFM 90 and WFM 91 along with
the Tektronix part number to be used when ordering.

Standard Accessories

1 User Manual (070-8968-XX)
1 120 V Wall Unit Power Adapter, North American

(119-4538-00)

1 Carrying Pouch (016-1330-00)

Optional Accessories

Service Manual (070-8969-XX)
NiCad Battery Pack (146-0107-00)
Instrument Desk Stand (386-6787-00)
Viewing Hood (011-0167-00)
Carrying Case for the WFM 90 and WFM 91 and a TSG90–Series

signal generator (016-1344-00)
Backlight Replacement Kit (150-0215-00)

Ordering

Options and accessories for the WFM 90 and WFM 91 can be
ordered with the instrument, or purchased through a Tektronix field
office or distributor. When ordering, include both the option or part
number and the description of the option or accessory.

1–8

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Installation

This section gives instructions for the mechanical and electrical
installation of the WFM 90 and WFM 91. Included are directions for
the packaging of the instrument for shipment.

Instrument Packaging

Unpacking

Save the shipping carton and packing materials in case it becomes
necessary to ship the instrument to a Tektronix Service Center for
service or repair .

Check that the following standard accessories are included:

 User Manual
 120 V Wall Unit Power Adapter, North American
 Carrying Pouch

If the instrument was ordered with the travel case (Option 33), the
instrument was packaged in the travel case for shipment. Follow the
instructions below for repackaging the instrument for shipment.

Packaging for Shipment

If you ship an instrument to a Tektronix Service Center, follow these
packaging instructions:

1. Attach a tag to the instrument showing: the owner, complete

address and phone number of someone at your firm who can be
contacted, the instrument serial number, and a description of the
required service.

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

1–9

Getting Started: Installation

2. Package the instrument in the original packaging materials. If the

original packaging materials are not available, follow these

directions:

a. Obtain a carton of corrugated cardboard having inside

dimensions six or more inches greater than the dimensions of
the instrument. Use a shipping carton that has a test strength
of at least 250 pounds.

b. Place the instrument in its carrying pouch or surround the

instrument with a protective bag.

c. Pack dunnage or urethane foam between the instrument and

the carton. If using Styrofoam kernels, overfill the box and
compress by closing the lid. There should be three inches of
tightly packed

cushioning on all sides of the instrument.

3. Seal the carton with shipping tape, industrial stapler, or both.

Travel Case

The optional travel case (Option 33) is used to safely hold the
WFM 90 or WFM 91 and its accessories while traveling between
different locations. The travel case was designed to also provide
room for a companion TSG90–Series handheld generator. Figure 1–1
illustrates the use of the compartments within the travel case.

1–10

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Getting Started: Installation

1

2

5

3

6

4

Figure 1–1: Packing the Option 33 travel case

1 The pouch in the cover of the travel case holds signal cables and the

user manual(s) for the instrument(s).

2 This compartment holds the WFM 90 or WFM 91 instrument, with

the viewing hood slipping around the instrument.

3 This compartment holds the spare batteries for the WFM 90 or

WFM 91.

4 This compartment holds the spare batteries for the TSG90–Series.
5 This compartment holds the TSG90–Series instrument, the desk

stand, and the carrying straps.

6 This compartment holds the AC adapter(s).

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

1–1 1

Getting Started: Installation

Electrical Installation

Power Source

The WFM 90 and WFM 91 are designed to operate from either six
C-cell batteries, alkaline or rechargeable NiCad, or from an AC
adapter wall unit producing 12 VDC.

CAUTION. DC Power Sour ce
To avoid possible damage to the instrument circuitry when using a

DC power sour ce other than the supplied AC adapter, ensure that the
DC source is a negative-ground 11 – 18 V system with a negative
center lead. The DC source should be able to provide 12 W of power.

Battery Operation

The rechargeable NiCad batteries are automatically recharged when
the 12 VDC adapter is plugged into the instrument. The batteries are
recharged while instrument power is on or off. The battery char ge
time is 6.5 hours when the instrument is off, and 20 hours while the
instrument is on. The WFM 90 and WFM 91 shifts into a safe
trickle-charge mode, that can run indefinitely, when the NiCad
batteries are fully charged.

The message
battery power cannot guarantee reliable instrument operation. The
length of time the WFM 90 and WFM 91 will continue to operate
after this message is displayed is dependent on the current operating
mode of the instrument.

For optimal battery life and capacity, use the rechargeable NiCad
battery pack in full charge/discharge cycles. In other words, fully
discharge the battery pack before recharging, and then charge the
battery pack until it is fully charged. A new battery pack will take a
few charge/discharge cycles to reach full capacity.

LOW BAT is displayed on-screen when the remaining

1–12

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Getting Started: Installation

Battery Installation and Removal

Replacing Alkaline Batteries. The WFM 90 and WFM 91 battery

compartment is located under the back panel of the instrument. The
battery compartment is opened by turning the screw head at the top
of the panel 1/4 turn.

A label on the bottom of the battery compartment illustrates the
correct battery polarity. The polarity of the alkaline batteries must be
correct for the instrument to operate. Figure 1–2 shows the correct
alkaline battery polarity.

NOTE. Replacement of Alkaline Batteries
Always replace all of the alkaline batteries at the same time when

replacing discharged batteries.

Figure 1–2: Installed polarity of alkaline batteries

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

1–13

Getting Started: Installation

Replacing NiCad Batteries. The optional NiCad battery pack has a
connector which fits on the jumper in the battery compartment. Be
sure the battery connector tab snaps onto the jumper housing to
prevent a loss of battery power.

To remove the NiCad battery pack, grasp the batteries close to the
wire leads. Use your thumb to press in on the top portion of the
battery connector tab, and then pull gently upwards. Figure 1–3
shows how to remove the NiCad battery pack.

Grasp wire

Press

1–14

Figure 1–3: Removing the NiCad battery pack

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Operational Jumpers

The only operational modifications made to this monitor are done
through the menu system. There are no internal jumper settings for
modifying the operational configuration of the instrument.

Mechanical Installation

The WFM 90 and WFM 91 are offered with a viewing hood and desk
stand as optional accessories that enhance its on-site use. The
installation of these accessories is described below.

Viewing Hood

The optional viewing hood allows the user to readily view the
instrument display in well-lighted situations. The hood is attached to
the instrument by first applying the supplied Velcro strips to the
sides of the instrument, and then pressing the flaps of the viewing
hood onto the strips as shown in Figure 1–4.

Getting Started: Installation

Figure 1–4: Installing the viewing hood

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

1–15

Getting Started: Installation

Desk Stand

The optional desk stand provides the user with a stable means to hold
the instrument upright on a flat surface. The prongs of the stand are
inserted into the holes in the back of the instrument as illustrated in
Figure 1–5.

1–16

Figure 1–5: Installing the desk stand

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Operation Basics: Functional Overview

This section describes the WFM 90 and WFM 91 controls and
connectors. Descriptions of special operating modes begin on page
2–6. A tutorial which guides you through a procedure exercising the
different functions of the instrument begins on page 2–1 1. Menu
operation is detailed in Using the Menus, starting on page 3–1.

Keypad Controls

The keypad (front panel) is illustrated in Figure 2–1.

Power Switch

ON. The

current instrument keypad and menu selections are saved when the
instrument is turned off using this button. The instrument configura­tion is not saved if the power source is removed before the
instrument is turned off with this button.

Display Mode Selection

WFM. Pressing the

VECT. Pressing the

AUDIO. Pressing the

PIX. Pressing the

ON button toggles the instrument power on and off. The

WFM button enters the Waveform display mode.

VECT button enters the Vector display mode.

AUDIO button enters the Audio display mode.

PIX button enters the Picture display mode.

WIP. Pressing the
display mode. The previously selected display mode, other than
Picture, is shown in a 1/4-screen-sized window that overlays the
Picture display .

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

WIP button enters the Waveform-in-Picture

2–1

Operation Basics: Functional Overview

2–2

Figure 2–1: WFM 90 keypad

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Operation Basics: Functional Overview

Menu Control

Menu operation and selections are detailed in Using the Menus
starting on page 3–1.

MENU. Pressing the

MENU button toggles the Operating menu on

and off. The Operating menu contains monitoring selections which
are specifically related to the currently selected display mode.
Operating menu selections include signal gain and filtering, audio
reference levels, and safe action and title outlines.

CONFIG. Pressing the

CONFIG button toggles the Configuration

menu on and off. The Configuration menu contains selections which
control overall instrument monitoring operation. Configuration menu
contents include signal and display controls such as brightness and
variable gain. Special modes for monitoring signal amplitude and
managing the battery power consumption are enabled in this menu.

LINE SEL. Pressing the

LINE SEL button toggles the Line Select

mode on and off and displays the Line Select menu.

Bezel Buttons. The four unlabeled buttons directly below the display
are referred to as the Bezel Buttons. These buttons are used for
making menu selections and are only enabled while menus are
displayed on screen.

Arrow Buttons

The function of the Arrow Buttons is dependent on the current state
of the instrument. For the Waveform and Audio display modes, they
control signal positioning. For the Vector display mode, they control
vector phase, with the
and the

A and " buttons providing coarse adjustment.

Y and B buttons providing fine adjustment,

The Arrow Buttons retain their default function for the reduced
display when the Waveform-in-Picture display mode is selected.
When the Configuration menu is displayed, the
operate the menu category selection, while the
retain their default function for the current display mode.

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Y and B buttons

A and " buttons

2–3

Operation Basics: Functional Overview

Instrument Reset

Extraordinary conditions may cause the WFM 90 and WFM 91
controls to become locked or to respond erratically. To reset the
instrument, first press the

ON button again while holding down the WIP and LINE SEL

the
buttons. The instrument should return to normal operation with the
keypad controls and menu selections assigned to the factory-set
defaults.

If this reset does not return the instrument to normal operation,
contact your Tektronix field office or call Tektronix at the phone
number listed in the front of this manual.

ON button to turn off the power , then press

Side-Panel Connectors and Switches

The WFM 90 and WFM 91 side panels are illustrated in Figure 2–2.

Video Input and Output Connectors

VIDEO IN. Passive BNC input, unterminated, and 75W compensated

for a video signal. A rear-panel switch provides an internal 75W
signal termination.

NOTE. A loop-through connector can be used by connecting a BNC
“T” connector to the Video In BNC. Slide the rear panel switch in
the HI-Z position.

EXT REF. Passive BNC input, unterminated, and 75W compensated
for an external sync video signal. A rear-panel switch provides an
internal 75W signal termination.

2–4

VIDEO OUT. A BNC connector used to output the instrument display

to a remote monitor or video switcher .

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Operation Basics: Functional Overview

Audio Input and Output Connectors

AUDIO IN. A standard three-pin XLR connector for a single channel

of audio input.

Figure 2–2: WFM 90 and WFM 91 side panels

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

DC IN 11-18V

2–5

Operation Basics: Functional Overview

Audio Out. A standard stereo mini-headphone jack for the output of
the audio input signal. The mono input signal is heard on both stereo
channels. The audio volume is fixed for each reference level. The
larger the displayed signal, the louder the volume.

DC Power Input Connector

DC IN 11 – 18 V. A 2 mm plug which accepts a 12 VDC power input

using a negative center lead.

CAUTION. DC Power Sour ce
To avoid possible damage to the instrument circuitry when using a

DC power sour ce other than the supplied AC adapter, ensure that the
DC source is a negative-ground 11 – 18 V system with a negative
center lead. The DC source should be able to provide 12 W of power.

Special Operating Modes

Amplitude Alarm Mode

The Amplitude Alarm mode provides a means for automatic
monitoring of the signal amplitude for the Waveform and Audio
displays. The mode is enabled through a menu selection in the
Configuration menu.

For the Waveform display mode, the portion of the signal exceeding
the 100 IRE (1.0 V PAL) graticule line is highlighted. For the Audio
display mode, the portion of the signal exceeding the menu-selected
reference level is highlighted. The highlighted portion of the signal is
also visible in the Waveform-in-Picture (WIP) display mode.

2–6

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Operation Basics: Functional Overview

Variable Gain Mode

The Variable Gain mode allows the user to vary signal gain for the
Waveform and Vector displays between 45% and 155%. The mode is
enabled through a menu selection in the Configuration menu.

The variable gain adjustment tracks between the Waveform and
Vector display modes, and can be adjusted from the Waveform-in­Picture display mode. When the Variable Gain mode is enabled, the
message

GAIN UNCAL is displayed in the on-screen readout.

Time-Out Mode

The Time-out mode allows the user to automatically shut down the
backlight and/or the instrument after there has been no keypad
activity for a menu-selected length of time. The Time-out mode
enables the user to reduce battery power usage while the instrument
is battery powered, and also to extend the life of the backlight bulb.
The Time-out mode is enabled through a menu selection in the
Configuration menu.

When the backlight has been timed out, the LCD display goes blank
and the instrument appears to be off. The backlight is turned back on
by pressing any keypad button other than the

ON button. The

backlight shutdown is functional when the instrument is either
battery or DC powered.

When the instrument power has been timed out, the

ON button must

be pressed to turn the instrument back on. The instrument power
shutdown is only functional when the instrument is battery powered.

Calibration Mode

The Calibration mode allows the user to adjust the instrument to
factory specifications, if necessary. The Calibration mode is entered
by pressing and holding the

CONFIG button for a few seconds. The

instrument adjustments are performed entirely from the keypad with
the use of specified input signals. The instructions for readjusting the
instrument to specifications are located in the service manual.

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

2–7

Operation Basics: Functional Overview

CAUTION. Instrument Adjustment
Do not attempt to adjust the instrument without using the instructions

listed in the service manual, or your instrument may not meet the
published specifications.

On-Screen Readout

The WFM 90 and WFM 91 use on-screen messages to alert the user
to certain monitoring conditions. Figure 2–3 shows the readout
messages and their locations.

123

GAIN UNCAL 10uS/DIVEXT REF
MISSING SYNC

4

100

80

60

40

20

0

–20

–40

VX.XX

LOW BAT

5

6

Figure 2–3: On-screen readout messages

Readout Description

1 The GAIN UNCAL message appears in the Waveform, Vector, and

Waveform-in-Picture display modes when the Variable Gain mode
has been turned on.

2–8

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Operation Basics: Functional Overview

2 The EXT REF message appears in the Waveform and Vector display

modes when the video signal is locking to an external video
reference signal.

3 The sweep rate is only displayed in the Waveform display mode.

There is no sweep rate readout when 2 Field sweep is selected.

4 The MISSING SYNC message appears in all video display modes

when the signal reference has been lost.

5 The instrument software version number is displayed when the

Configuration menu is open with the

DISPLAY category selected.

6 The LOW BAT message is displayed when the instrument is battery

operated and the remaining battery power has reached a critically
low level. The remaining length of time that the instrument can be
operated reliably is dependent on the current operating mode.

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

2–9

Operation Basics: Functional Overview

2–10

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

Tutorial

The following tutorial guides you through a procedure which
exercises the different functions of the WFM 90 and WFM 91. The
procedure is designed for operator familiarization and for checking
basic instrument operation (not measurement quantities or specifica­tions). The tutorial is written with the assumption that you have read
the Functional Overview section which starts on page 2–1.

If performing this procedure reveals improper instrument operation,
first check the operation of the associated equipment. If the
associated equipment is operating normally , refer the WFM 90 or
WFM 91 to qualified service personnel for repair or adjustment.

Required Equipment

The following equipment is required to perform this procedure:

1. Television/Audio Signal Generator with:

Composite Color Bars
Black Burst or comparable signal with burst and sync
Audio tone at adjustable levels

For example:

Tektronix TSG95 Pathfinder NTSC/PAL Signal Generator

2. Coaxial Cable, 75 W (2)

For example:

42-inch RG59U (Tektronix Part No. 012-0159-00)

3. Audio Cable, 3-pin Male-to-Female XLR

For example:

3-foot cable (Switchcraft Part No. SC3XXJ)

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

2–1 1

Operation Basics: Tutorial

Initial Equipment Connections

H Connect power to the WFM 90 or WFM 91 by plugging in the

AC power adapter or by installing batteries.
H Connect a 75% color bar signal (with setup for NTSC) of the

correct standard for your instrument from the television signal

generator to the

input switch is set to the 75 W position.
H Connect a black burst or other signal with burst and sync from

the television signal generator to the

WFM 90 or WFM 91. Verify that the

to the 75 W position.

VIDEO IN connector. Verify that the VIDEO IN

EXT REF connector on the

EXT REF input switch is set

Procedure

1. Initialize the front-panel controls and menu selections

Press the
Bezel Button below the Configuration menu categories a few times.
Notice that the highlight bar toggles down through the menu
categories. Press the
highlight bar up and down through the menu categories.

Select the
controls and menu selections are now set to the factory-set defaults.
The display should be a two-line waveform monitor display centered
on the graticule baseline.

2. Adjust the display

Enter the Configuration menu. Notice that the menu opened with the

INTENS category selected and that the right two Bezel Buttons are

ready to adjust the trace intensity. Adjust the display to the desired
intensity, then select
desired level.

CONFIG button to enter the Configuration menu. Press the

Y and B buttons and notice that they move the

PRESETS category , then select DEFAULT. The front-panel

GRAT and adjust the graticule intensity to the

2–12

Select the

DISPLAY menu category. Press the right two Bezel Buttons

to adjust the viewing angle of the LCD display to the desired angle.
Select
Press the

BRIGHT and adjust the display brightness to the desired level.

CONFIG button to remove the menu display .

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

3. Using the waveform monitor

Operation Basics: Tutorial

Press the

MENU button to enter the Operating menu. The current

selection for each monitoring function is highlighted. Pressing the
Bezel Button below each function will toggle the highlight bar
through the different menu selections.

X1/X5 Gain. Press the left Bezel Button and notice that

X5 is

highlighted and that the waveform is vertically amplified. Use the

Y and B buttons to view the entire signal. Select X1 and return the

signal to the graticule baseline. The gain setting affects both the
Waveform and Vector displays since they track together.

Filter . Press the Bezel Button below the

LUM is highlighted and that the display changes to show only the

that

FILTER selection and notice

luminance portion of the signal. Press the Bezel Button again to
return the filter selection to

Sweep. Press the Bezel Button below the
notice that

2F is highlighted and that the waveform changes to a

two-field display. Press the Bezel Button again and notice that

FLAT.

SWEEP selection and

1H is

highlighted and that the waveform changed to a one-line display and

5 uS/DIV is displayed in the on-screen readout. Return the sweep

that
rate to

2H (two line).

MAG. Press the right Bezel Button and notice that
and that the waveform is horizontally amplified. The sweep rate
readout should read

1 uS/DIV. Use the A and " buttons to view the

entire waveform. Select
waveform on the display.

DC Restorer. Enter the Configuration menu and select the
category. Notice that there is a menu selection which allows you to
change the DC restorer speed between

WFM 90 & WFM 91 User Manual

ON is highlighted

MAG OFF from the menu and center the

INPUT

FAST and SLOW.

2–13