Tektronix User's Guide for CTM-PER (2Meg) Users Guide

CTM-PER

Continuous-Period

Counter

Keithley

MetraByte

Corporation

CTM-PER Continuous-Period Counter

Manual Part Number: 24826

Printed: March 1990

Rev.

1.0

Copyright @ 1990

KEITHLEY METRABYTE/ASYST/DAC

440

Myles Standish Boulevard

Taunton, Massachusetts 02780

Telephone [phone]

FAX

508/880-0179

Eeithley MetraByte assumes

this

product.

This

product

reliability suitable for

Information furnished

by

Keithley MetraE3yte
Keithley MetraByte Corporation
any infringements

is

granted

by

of

patents or other

implication or otherwise under

Eeithley MetraByte/Asyst/DAC

BasicTM

lBM@

PC,

Microsoft*

Turbo

is a trademark

is

a

registered trademark

XT,

and

AT@

is

C*

is

a

of

Dartmouth College.

are trademarks of International

a

registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

registered trademark of Borland International.

WARNING

no

liability for damages consequent

is

not designed

use

in

life support or critical applications.

is

believed to be accurate and reliable. However, the

assumes

of

no responsibility for the

rights

is

of

third parties

any

patent

also

referred to here-in

International Business Machines Corporation.

with

components

that

rights

Business

use

of such information nor for

may result from

of

Keithley MetraByte Corporation.

as

Keith@

Machines Corporation.

to

the use

of

a level

its

MefmByte.

of

use.

of

No

license

...

-111

*

WARRANTY

All

products manufactured

worksmanship for a period of one year from the date

product that
MetraI3yte. be repaired or replaced.
improper

is

found to be defective

use.

by

Keithley MetraByte are warranted against defective materials and

within

This

INFORMATION

the

warranty

warranty

of

delivery to the

period

does not apply to products damaged

will,

original

at the

purchaser.

option

of Keithley

Any

by

-

iv

-

CONTENTS

CHAPTER

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.3.1

1.3.2

1.3.3

1.3.4

CHAPTER

2.1

2.2

2.2.1

2.2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

CHAPTER

1

2

3

INTRODUCTION

.....

.....

1-1

.....

.....

2-4

.....

.....

1-2

.....

2-1

1-1

1-3

.....

2-4

.....

.....

2-3

.....

.....

1-2

1-1

1-2

&

SETUP

2-2

.....

General

Functional Detail

Specifications

SIGNAL & GATE Inputs
Crystal Clock & Counter
Programmed Control

Environmental

HARDWARE INSTALLATION

Introduction

Copying The Distribution Diskettes

Procedure For Dual-Floppy Disk Computers

Procedure For Hard-Disk Computers
Unpacking and Inspecting
Selecting & Setting The Base Address

Hardware Installation

Cabling

Register Maps

PROGRAMMING

2-1

.....

.....

2-1

2-2

.....

2-1

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.6.1

3.6.2

3.6.3

3.6.4

3.6.5

3.6.6

3.6.7

3.6.8

3.6.9

3.6.1

3.6.1

CHAPTER

CHAPTER

APPENDIX

4

5

A

Introduction
Loading The CTMPERBIN Driver Routine
CALL Statement Format
Use

Of

CALL Sequence
Mode CALL Descriptions

Mode
Mode
Mode
Mode

Mode
Mode
Mode
Mode
Mode

0

1

Mode
Mode

CALIBRATION & TEST

FACTORY RETURN INFORMATION

SUMMARY

.....

3-1

.....

3-2

The CALL Routine

.....

.....

3-3

_....

0

-

Initialize

1

-

StartlStop Clock

2

-

Setup GATE, Edges, Scaling

3

-

Data Collection, Single

4

-

Data Colection, Multiple

5

-

Data Collection, Multiple Delta

6

-

Data Collection Via Interrupt

7

-

Delta Collection Via Interrupt

8

-

Data Collection

9

-

Transfer From Memory To Array

10

-

Monitor Status

OF

.....

ERROR

3-4

CODES

3-2

3-4

..._.

Via

.....

3-4

.....

DMA

3-1

1

.....

.....

.....

.....

3-6

3-7

.....

.....

3-9

.....

3-8

3-1

3-5

3-8

3-9

.....

3-10

APPENDIX

B

CTM-PER: PASCAL, C, FORTRAN DRIVERS

-v-

FOR

CTM-PER

CTM-PER

CHAPTER

1

-

INTRODUCTION

Chapter

1

INTRODUCTION

1.1

GENERAL

The

CTM-PER

signal.
review, analysis, etc. For example, the results can
consecutive measurements.

TIl
depends on frequency limits of the computer. In some computers, the upper frequency limit
no more

An

to set up the board, to
determine data formats for the array. The distributed software also contains
use with BASIC, QUICKBASIC,
examples and utility setup programs

The

signal frequencies may range from

important part of the

CTM-PER

(V4.0-5.1),

(V3.0-5.0),

higher), and GW, COMPAQ, and

is a PC-computer accessory board for monitoring timing changes in an on-going

board measures consecutive

than

20

KHz.)

CTM-PER

specify

start/stop parameters for board operation, to control data

PASCAL,

software supports all common memory models for the following languages: Microsoft

Microsoft

Microsoft

Quick-C

FORTRAN

(V1.0-2.0),

W4.0-5.0),

IBM

periods

0

(DC)

package is the distributed software. The software enables the user

with

Turbo C (V1.0-2.0), Microsoft Pascal

BASIC (V2.0 & higher).

of a

lTL

be

presented to the PC monitor in

to

80

KHz.

C,

and

FORTRAN.

sources.

Lahey Personal

signal and makes the results available for

The

80KHz

In addition, there are commented

upper frequency limit actually

CALL

subroutines for

(V3.0-4.0),

Fortran

(V1.0-2.0),

QuickBASIC

an

array of

flow,

Turbo Pascal

(V4.0

lTL

will

and to

be

C

&

Typical
of a rotating sensor. BNC connectors labeled SIGNAL and GATE are available at the board's rear
plate. GATE can

can measure the timing of positive, negative, or both edges.

1.2

CTM-PER

applications include monitoring a Doppler signal and measuring output intervals

be

programmed

FUNCTIONAL DETAIL

10

Mnz

CRYSTAL

DIP SWITCH

with

selective polarity and used to enable measurements. SIGNAL

I

I

4

PC'BUS INTERFACE1

OPTOCOUPLER

I

11

SIGNAL

GATE

Figure

1-1.

Block

diagram

of

the

CTM-PER

Board.

Introduction

-

1

-

1

CHAPTER

The
register, as shown in Figure
signal edge, it loads the value of the 2Sbit counter and the state of the GATE and

(First

values to load into
While

backup.
the four-value limit causes an overrun error.

Load
hold no more than four counter values); it is a function
detects level changes and is limited to

Unload
DMA (Direct Memory Access)
technique yields a

period

about 26.8 seconds.
Information about

counter values. Because the clock

1

-

INTRODUCTION

CTM-PER

In,

FIFO

speed

speed

being

relies on an internal, crystalcontrolled,

1-1.

It detects a signal edge by sensing a change in level.

First Out) memory as four bytes (32 bits). Succeeding level changes cause successive counter

FTFO

memory.

memory loads and unloads continuously, a slowing of the unload rate can cause a

FIFO

memory can hold a backup of up to four counter values. Any attempt to load beyond

is a factor only while

depends on the technique for unloading

speed

range

timed

can

be

considered as the roll-over time for the 10

a

measured period or interval

FIFO

memory is holding less than four counter values (F'IFO can

1.0

MHz.

is

the fastest technique and is the one used by the

of

20KHz to

is

IOMHz,

80KHz,

the resolution of the period is

lOMHz

of

FIFO

depending on the computer. The lower limit

oscillator clock and a 28-bit up-counter

the rate at which the on-board state machine

and storing data in computer memory.

MHz

is

taken from the difference between

CTM-PER

On

detecting a

SIGNAL

CTM-PER.

clock and the 28 bit counter:

0.1

microsecond.

into

two

consecutive

FIFO

This

of

a

Total data accumulation is limited only by total computer memory (or disk capacity if a product like
MetraByte's
by two factors: the speeds at which

1.3

SPECIFICATIONS

1.3.1

1.3.2

SIGNAL

CoMectOrs:
SIGNAL/GATE
High-Level Input
Low-Level Input
High-Level Input Current
Low-Level Input Current
Absolute Maximum
Input Protection:
Transient Immunity:

Isolation Voltage:

Crystal

STREAMER

and

Common Mode)

Clock

is used to stream data onto disk). The upper limit of frequency

FIFO

memory loads and is unloaded.

GATE Inputs

Type:

BNC

(2)

Load:

Inpur

1

LSTTL

2.0

VDC

0.8

VDC

40

pi4

-0.4

7

VDC

100

5000

500

mA

ohms

VDC

UNIT

LOAD

(minimum)

(maximum)

(maximum)

(maximum)

in

series with

V/us

(min)

(Input

to

computer)

input

and

and Counter

6.8

V

Zener

is

controlled

Frequency:
Frequency Stability:

Measurement Resolution:
Measurement Rollover:
Measurement

1-2

-

Introduction

Bits:

1o.Ooo

MHZ

+/-0.01%

0.1

microsecond

26.8

seconds

28

(+/-lo0

ppm)

CTM-PER

ChXPTER

1

-

INTRODUCTION

1.3.3

1.3.4

Programmed

GATE:

Minimum

Signal
Maximum Signal Frequency:

Data

Interrupt Levels:

DMA

GATE

Edges:

Acquisition

Levels:

Environmental

Operating Temperature:

Bus:

Power Requirements:

Control

Trigger

Modes:

Positive, negative,

100

nsec.

Positive, negative, or

1

.O

MHz

(burst

(Computer dependent)

Programmed,

2,3,4,5,6,7,

1,3,

or none

0

to

50

Degree

IBM

K/XT

+5

VDC

@

or

of

4),

interrupt,

or

none

Celcius

Compatible

600

mA (typical)

none

both

20

to

or

80

KHz

DMA

(continuous

DMA)

Introduction

-

1

-

3

CTM-PER

CHAPTER

2

-

INSTALLATION

&

SETUP

Chapter

INSTALLATION

2.1

CTM-PER

available on a
use, not for resale.

Installation of your CIU-PER Software will require the following procedures:

2.2

Make working copies
in a safe place.

suits

disk

2

&

SETUP

INTRODUCTION

distribution software is on a

3.5"

diskette.

Making a working copy of your CTM-PER Distribution diskette(s).
Unpacking and inspecting the board.
Selecting a Base Address for your CTM-PER driver board.
Installation.

COPYING

your particular computer configuration. The first procedure is for a computer with dual floppy-

drives, the second is for a computer

THE

DISTRIBUTION DISKETTES

To

copy the Distribution diskette(s1,

This

of

your CTM-PER Distribution Software diskettek) and store your original copy

5.25",

360K

floppy diskette

software is licensed to permit multiple copies for non-commeraal

use

a procedure (from the

with

both a floppy- and a hard-disk drive.

(DOS

2.10

format); it is

two

that follow) that

also

2.2.1

2.2.2

Procedure

With your your computer on and booted, place your

1.

the A Drive.

Log

2.

3.

4.

6.

7.

8.

to the A Drive by typing

At

the

Insert the sourcediskette (the CTM-PER Distribution diskette) into the A Drive. The system
will prompt you through the disk copying process, asking
the

B

When you have completed copying, the computer will ask

If

you are copying two diskettes, respond by typing

Y

<Enter> and follow the prompts to copy the second diskette. Otherwise,

Put the original CTM-PER diskettds) in a safe place for storage. Then label your back-up
disk(s) as your CTM-PER working copies.

Procedure

With your computer

1.

files. (In most
The following instructions create

2.

you prefer a name other than

(immediately following).
to that directory, and

DOS

Drive.

for

Dual Floppy-Disk Computers

A:

<Enter>

A>

prompt,

for

Hard-Disk Computers

cases,

type

&DISKCOPY

on

and booted, log to the drive to

this will

go

be

the C Drive.)

a

directory named

W,

substitute your preference in place

If

you intend to use an existing directory,

to Step

3.

A:

B:

<Enter,

DOS

disk containing

you

COPY

be

used for your

CTlM

for the

to insert the

ANOTHER

CTM-PER

CTM-PER

of

skip

these instructions, log

DISKCOPY.EXE

target

(Y/N)?

type

N

Distribution files. If

CTMin

in

diskette into

<Enten.

Distribution

Step a.

a.

Make a

b.

Change to the

CTM

subdirectory by typing

CTh4

directory by typing

MD

CTM

CD

<Enter>

CTM

<Enter>

Installation

&

Setup

-

2

-

1

CHAPTER

2

-

INSTALLATION

&

SETUP

CTM-PER

Place the

3.

Type

3.

If copying

5.

With the
safe storage area.

2.3

UNPACKING AND INSPECTING

After you remove the wrapped board from its outer shipping carton, proceed as follows:

1.

2.

3.

4.

You

factory.

CTM-PER

Place one hand firmly on a metal portion of the computer chassis (the computer must
Off and grounded).
package and your body, thereby preventing damage to board components.

Allow

wrapping material.

Inspect

factory.
Check the contents of your mM-PER package against its packing list to

complete. Report any missing items to MetraByte immediately.

may find it advisable to retain the packing material in case the board must

CTU-PER

the copy-all-files command, as

two

Distribution files copied to your hard drive, put the original Utility Diskette(s) in a

a

moment for

the board for signs of damage. If any damage is apparent, return the board to the

Distribution Disk into a floppy Drive

COPY

diskettes, repeat Steps 3 and 4 for the second diskette.

You

place your hand on the chassis to drain off static electricity from the

static

electricity discharge; carefully unwrap the board from its anti-static

&*.*

<Enter>

A.

be

be

be

turned

sure the order is

returned to the

2.4

SELECTING AND SETTING

The

CTM-PER

locations are already occupied by internal I/O and other peripheral cards, you have the option of
resetting the
Base Address switch is located as shown in Figure
Referring to Figure
shown).

requires four consecutive address locations in 1/0 space. Since some 1/0 address

CTM-PER

I/O

base address by means of an on-board Base Address

2-2,

you set the base address on a four-byte boundary to

THE

BASE ADDRESS

2-1,

DIP

DIP

and it appears as shown in Figure

3FC

Hex

7

SWITCH

switch. The

(300

I

2-2.

Hex is

SIGNAL

GATE

2

-

Q

2

-

Figure

Installation

2-1.

CTM-PER

&

Setup

board

outline,

showing

Base

Address

switch

I

location.

CTM-PER

CHAPTER 2 -

INSTALLATION

&

SETUP

Figure

The board is preset for a base address of
address is not satisfactory, your distribution software
contains a program called called
base address and shows a picture of
Use

this

program by logging to its location (to the floppy
drive containing the distribution diskette or to the harddrive directory containing your distribution
files) and typing

When the computer responds with
format and press

2.5

HARDWARE INSTALLATION

To

install the CTM-PER in a PC, proceed as follows.

WAR"G:

Turn

1.

2.

Off

Remove the cover of the PC as follows: First remove the cover-mounting

of

panel
Finally, tilt the cover upwards and remove.

the computer. Then, slide the cover of the computer about

2-2.

Base

Address

DIPSW.EXE

the

DIPSW

Desired

<Enfer>.

ANY

ATTEMPT

COMPUTER POWER ON COULD DAMAGE

power to the

TO

PC

and all attached equipment.

switch.

300

HEX.

that asks for

DIP

switch

base

address?,

INSERT

OR REMOVE

If this

setting.

type

your choice in decimal or

ANY

ADAPTER BOARD

YOUR

COMPUTER!

screws

3/4

of

the way forward.

IBM

WITH

from the rear

&H-

THE

Choose an available option slot. Loosen and remove the screw at the top of the blank adapter

3.

plate. Then slide the plate up and out to remove.

4.

Hold the CI'M-PER
chassis (but not on any components). This will safely discharge any static electricity from your
body.

Make sure the board switches have been properly

5.

Align the board connector with the desired accessory slot and with the corresponding rear-

5.

panel slot. Gently press the board downward into
inserting the rear-panel adapter-plate screw.

Replace the computer's cover. Tilt the cover up and slide it onto the system's base,

7.

of

the front

screws.

Plug

8.

MetraByte recommends that you retain the static-shield packaging for possible future removal and
handling

2.6

CABLING

Connect

labelled SIGNAL.

software, this connector can

of

the cable carrying the

the

in all cords and cables.

the

CTM-PER

BNC

board

in one hand placing your other hand on any metallic part of the PC

set

(refer

to

the preceding section).

the

socket. Secure the board in place by

making

cover is under the rail along the front of the frame. Replace the mounting

Turn

the power to the computer back on.

board.

TTL

Connector

be

left open.

signal to

J2

(GATE) is an optional

be

monitored to BNC Connector

?TL

input. If GATE is not enabled in

J1

(Figure

2-1),

sure

which is

Installation

h

Setup

-

2

-

3

CHAPTER

2.7

Board Address + 0:

READ:

READ:

2

-

INSTALLATION

REGISTER

MAPS

I

C3

I

C11

I

I I I I

C2

1

I

C10 C9

&

SETUP

C1

CO

I

C8

GTI 'SGl

I

I

C7 C6

'0

I

C5

I

CTM-PER

I

0

I

C4

READ:

READ:

WRITE:

Board Address

I

Cl9 ICl8 IC17 ICl6

I

1

C27

C26

FIFO

DATA

1st

=

LS

2nd

=

3rd Byte Count (2A1 1

3rd

=

2nd Byte Count (2"19

4th

=

MSB

SG/

=

l/O

of

1

->

Falliig Edge Trigger (negative signal trigger),

0

->

Rising Edge Trigger (positive signal trigger).

GT/

=

O/l

of

I

I

+

1

:

(Not

Used).

'CIS

'C14

IC13

I

1

1

I

C25

@ata

C24

stored

C23

as

4

Bytes).

C22

I

C21

Nibble Count + GATE + SIGNAL.

to

2q).

to

2A12).

Count

(2A27

u)

2"20).

signal after Trigger,

GATE after Trigger.

I

I

I I

1

'C12

I

C20

I

I

1

I

Board Address

READ:

WRITE:

2 - 4

-

Installation & Setup

+

2:

I

I

CLR

r

CLR

OVR

I

-

CLR = CLEAR;

1

->

Co~nter~ Count

OW

=

OverRun

GPL = GATE Polarity;

=

GTE
GAT
SIG

TEN

TST

S1=

SO

GATE Enable;

=

GATE,

=

SIGNAL; 1/0

=

0

=

Stop

Single or

=

Positive or Negative

I

GPL

I

GPL

1/0

->

GATE used

signal,

Dual

I

I

Error,

I

I

TEN

Count

->

FIFO

->

GATE

GATE

Trigger,

data

I I

SIG

I I

TST

to

0,

+FIFO

overrun

used,

collection,

GTE GAT

GTE

0

->

(Normal)

1

1/0

1

->

->

GATE Level at Trigger.

->

SIGNAL Level at Trigger.

as

0

->

Stop

Edge Signal Trigger;

Signal

Trigger,

FIFO

l/O

1

->

I

1

SO

SO

1

'

S1

S1

cleared and

Nom~al.

occurred

to

count, 0/1 to hold.

0

->

GATE

0

->

0

->

since

GATE ignored.

used

as

1

->

Collect.
Single,
Positive,

OVR

CLEAR.

gate.

1

->

Dual.

1

->

Negative.

to

0.

CTM-PER

CHAPTER

2

-

INSTALLATION

&

SETUP

Board

READ:

WRITE:

Address

+

3:

I

I

DOR

IT/

1

I

DOR

=

lT/

=

INTERRm,

DME = DMA

LEV

=

INE = INTERRUPT

INTERRUPT

IL2,

ILl,

OOO

001

010

011

I

I

0

->

0

I

Interrupt

1

->

DME LEV INE

I

DME 'LEV IINE

DATA-OUT-READY;

ENABLE;

DMA

LEVEL;

ENABLE

ENABLE

M3

=

INTERRUPT

->

->

->

->

None
NOW

IRQ2
IRQ3

100
101
110

111

1

IL2

'112

1

->

Data

pending.

->

Enable

Level 1,l

on

data

on

TC

(if

LEVEL;

->

IRQ4

->

IRQS

->

IRQ6

->

IRQ7

I

IL1

I

IL1

In

FIFO.

DMA,

0

->

Level

(if

not

DMA); 1

I

ILO

I

ILO

->

Disable.

3.

DMA);

->

Enable,

I

I

0

->

Disable.

Installation

&

Setup

-

2

-

5

CTM-PER

CHeER

3 - PROGRAMMING

Chapter

3

PROGRAMMING

3.1

INTRODUCTION

The

CTM-PER

these are the
have equivalent instructions.

To

simplify program generation, the distribution software contains the I/O driver routine

CTMPERBIN.

covers the majority of common operating modes.
The benefits of using CT"ER.BIN are largely in significant reduction of programming time.

driver

also

or

DMA

available only by using the CALL routines.

3.2

LOADING THE CTMPER.BIN DRIVER ROUTINE (BASIC)

To

use

the CTMPER.BIN driver, load it into memory. Avoid loading it over any part

by another program.

is programmable at the lowest level using input and output instructions.

INPW

supports data collection on interrupt or DMA. Note, however, that BASIC

processing functions, and so-called

and

OUT

X,Y

functions. Assembly language and most other high level languages

This

routine is accessible from BASIC using a single-line CALL statement, and

background

An

example of loading this routine using IBM BASIC is as follows:

data collection using these methods is

In

BASIC

it

The

has

no interrupt

of

memory used

100

CLEAR, 48'1 024

110

DEF SEG=O

SG=256'PEEK(&H511)+PEEK(&H510)

120

SG=SG+48'1024/16

130

DEF SEG=SG

140

BLOAD "CTMPER.BIN",O

150

CTM

160
170
180

A

second option applies when you have memory outside the BASIC workspace; it should

non-IBM BASIC (when the

21 0 DEF SEG=&H7000
220 BLOAD "CTMPER.BIN",O

230

240 DIM D%(15)
250 FIAG%=O

Before you
enough for the CTMPER.BIN file) at the location in line

SEG=&H7000

with another program's use of the memory results in a failure to exit and return from the routine. The
computer

Try

a different memory location until the program works.

PER=O

DIM D%(15) 'DECLARE ARRAY
FLAGY-0 'DECLARE VARIABLE

CTMPER=O

try

loading outside the workspace,

and experiment with loading the CALL routine at other locations. Usually any clash

hangs

up, and the only cure is to switch

PEEKS

of line

120

above will not work).

be

'CONTRACT WORKSPACE
'BASIC WORKSPACE SEGMENT

'LOAD

'LOAD IN ASSEMBLY DRIVER
'DECLARE ARRAY

'DECLARE VARIABLE

sure

you

OFF,

IN

ASSEMBLY DRIVER

really do have unused memory (large

210.

You

can change the line

wait a few seconds, and

TO

48K

210

turn

on the power.

be

DEF

used for

Programming

-

3

-

1

CHAPTER

3.3

CALL STATEMENT FORMAT (BASIC)

3

-

PROGRAMMING

CTM-PER

Prior to entering the
subroutine is located. The

xxxxx

CALL

CTMPER(MD%,

C"ER

statement. In
of the

The three variables within brackets are
Mode, as described

(pointers) are passed
pointers from the stack and
exchanged. Four important format requirements must

1.

2.

3.

is the address offset from the current segment of memory,

CALL

routine.

The

CALL

variables, just their locations from the order
always

(mode, data, errors)

The

CALL

the variables on this basis.

You

cannot

statement. For example, the following is an

CALL,

all

the examples, the current segment is defined to correspond with the starting address

in

parameters are positional. The subroutine knows nothing of the names

be

written in the correct order:

routine expects its parameters to

perform

the DEF SEG=SG statement sets the segment address at which the

CALL

This

offset

the following sections.

in

the sequence written to

statement for

D%(O),

FLAG%)

is

therefore zero and

known

the

C"ER.BIN driver must use the form:

as the

On

executing the

BASICS

uses

them

to locate the variables in

of

be

any arithmetic functions within the parameter list brackets of the

illegal

CALL

as

defined in the last DEF SEG

CTMPER=O

CALL

parameters; their meaning depends on the

stack. The

be

met:

their pointers on the stack. The parameters must

integer-type Variables and will write and read to

(see

CALL,

CALL

BASIC's

line

160).

the addresses of the variables

routine unloads these

data space

so

data can

be

of

the

CALL

statement:

CTMPER(MD%+2,D%(0)+8,FLAG%)

CALL

4.

You

cannot

following is

CALL

Apart from these restrictions,

examples are just convenient conventions. Strictly,

CALL.

the

3.4

USE

OF

The following
Modes. Note that
scaled by a power of two and stored as

MD%

parameter in the

MODE

(MDI)

0

1

use

constants for any of the parameters in the

an

illegal

CTMPER(7,2,FLAG%)

statement:

you

can name the integer variables what you want; the names

THE CALL ROUTINE

subsections

delta

contain details and examples of using the

is

defined

CALL

Initialize, store
Start the counter or to stop

interrupts and/or

as

the difference between the current and last data value; the

as follows:

16

bits (an unsigned integer). The Modes are selected by the

FUNCTION

CTM-PER

DMA.

CALL

statement. For example, the

you

should declare the variables before executing

CALL

routine in all ten

base

address, interrupt level, and

the

counter and stop data collection.

(continued on next page)

DMA

in

the

CTM-PER

deZta

level.

shuts

down

is

3

-

2

-

Programming

~ ~ ~~ ~

CTM-PER

CHAPl'ER

3

-

PROGRAMMING

MODE

Note that the mode used for data collection depends on what else the computer is
computer's
user
computer and application program in order to establish full performance details.

@ID%)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

speed,

vary

the signal frequency, monitor the overrun error, and check the data for his/her particular

and the

Setup gate, edge, and scaling parameters.
Start data collection and return next data.
Start data collection and return array of data.
Start data collection and return array of deltas.
Start data collection of data into memory via interrupt.
Start data collection of deltas into memory via interrupt.
Start data collection of data into memory via DMA.
Transfer data/delta from memory into array.
Check status of data collection.

speed

of the signal being measured. In all cases,

FUNCTION

it

is recommended that the

doing,

the

MODE MODE SPEED

3,43

67

8

3.5

CALL

Mode 0 must always
terminate interrupt or

2

must be called at least once before starting data collection. The normal minimum sequences

are

SEQUENCE

as

follows:

slow (several hundred Hertz)
medium (several thousand Hertz)
high (up to

be

called initially. Mode

DMA

operation when an operation

PROGRAMMED COLLECTION

MODE

0

20

to

80

KHz)

1

is

optional to start

the

sequence and should be used to

is

aborted before normal completion. Mode

OF

DATmELTA

I

MODE
MODE

I

2

3,4,

or

5

of

calls

Programming

-

3-3