Tektronix SA2500 Primary User

Download

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer

ZZZ

User Manual

*P071311801*

071-3118-01

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer

ZZZ

User Manual

www.tektronix.com

071-3118-01

tional copyright laws and international treaty provisions.

Tektronix pro previously published material. Speciﬁcations and price change privileges reserved.

TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.

DPX is a registered trademark of Tektronix, Inc.

ducts are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supersedes that in all

Contacting Tektronix

Tektronix, Inc. 14150 SW Karl Braun Drive P.O. Box 500 Beaverton, OR 97077 USA

For product information, sales, service, and technical support:

In North America, call 1-800-833-9200. Worldwide, visit www.tektronix.com to ﬁnd contacts in your area.

Warranty

Tektronix warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment. If any such product proves defective during this warranty period, Tektronix, at its option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product. Parts, modules and replacement products used by Tektronix for warranty work may be new or reconditioned to like new performance. All replaced parts, modules and products become the property of Tektronix.

In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service. Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, with shipping charges prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned to any other locations.

This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a) to repair damage resulting from a ttempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product; b) to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any damage or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a product that has been modiﬁed or integrated with other products when the effect of such modiﬁcation or integration increases the time or difﬁculty of servicing the product.

THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX' RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND E XCLU S IVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

[W2 – 15AUG04]

Table of Contents

General safety summary ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . . ...... . . . . ...... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... iii

Compliance information ............................................................................................................... v

EMC compliance ................................................................................................................. v

Safety compliance................................................................................................................vi

Environmental considerations .................................................................................................. vii

Preface............................................................................................................................... viii

Key features .................................................................................................................... viii

Documentation ................................................................................................................. viii

Instrument software..............................................................................................................ix

SA2500 measurement options . . ..... . . . . ...... . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . ..... . x

Conventions used in this manual..... . . . . ...... . . . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . . ....... . . . . ...... . . . . . ...... . . . . . ....... . . . . . ....... . xi

Preventing personal injury from lightning . . . ...... . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . ....... . . . . . ..... . . . . . . ....... . . . . ........ . . . . ...... . . . . . . .. xii

Installation.............................................................................................................................. 1

Standard accessories . . . ...... . . . . . ...... . . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ........ . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ..... 1

Operating considerations ........................................................................................................ 2

Installing batteries................................................................................................................ 4

Connecting the AC adapter.... . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . . ..... . . . . . 5

Charging the batteries ........................................................................................................... 5

Battery maintenance and handling . . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ........ . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . 6

Powering on and off the instrument, and functional veriﬁcation................................................................ 7

Calibrate the touch screen....................................................................................................... 8

Setting date and time ............................................................................................................ 9

Starting the SA2500 spectrum analyzer application... . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... 10

Setting display colors ........................................................................................................... 10

Getting acquainted with your instrument . . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ...... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ...... . . . . . 11

Instrument elements ............................................................................................................ 11

Power On/Standby and status panel . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . 11

Input/Output connectors . ....... . . . . ...... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ........ . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ...... . . . . . . ...... . . . . . ... 12

Signal connectors .. . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ...... . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . .... 12

The user interface............................................................................................................... 13

ing help ..................................................................................................................... 18

Gett

Operating basics...................................................................................................................... 19

Enable signal standards ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . . 19

Enable signal types ....... . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . . ... 20

Select a measurement type..................................................................................................... 20

Spectrum/Spectrogram measurements........................................................................................ 21

DPX

spectrum display ......................................................................................................... 24

Amplitude vs. time measurement .............................................................................................. 26

IF output ......................................................................................................................... 29

Triggering. . . . . . ....... . . . . . ..... . . . . . . ....... . . . . ...... . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . ....... . . . . ...... . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . ..... . . . . ... 30

Signal classiﬁcation............................................................................................................. 33

iMap measurement mapping mode . . ...... . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . ...... . . . . ..... . . . . . ...... . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . 40

Table of Content

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual i

Table of Content

Remote instrum

Speciﬁcations .........................................................................................................................60

Index

Measurement data logging . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ....... . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... 51

ent access........................................................................................................... 54

Conﬁgure the instrument network settings..................................................................................... 54

Conﬁgure the instrument ActiveSync settings ................................................................................. 56

Conﬁgure Acti

veSync on the PC ............................................................................................... 57

Remote control using Virtual CE ............................................................................................... 59

ii SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

General safety s

ummary

General safet

Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it.

To avoid potential hazards, use this product only as speciﬁed.

Only qualiﬁed personnel should perform service procedures.

While using this product, you may need to access other parts of a larger system. Read the safety sections of the other component manuals for warnings and cautions related to operating the system.

To avoid ﬁre or personal injury

Use proper power cord. Use only the power cord speciﬁed for this product and certiﬁed for the country of use.

Observe all terminal ratings. To avoid ﬁre or shock hazard, observe all ratings and markings on the product. Consult the

product ma

The input

Power dis

must remain accessible to the user at all times.

Do not operate without covers. Do not operate this product with covers or panels removed.

Do not operate with suspected failures. If you suspect that there is damage to this product, have it inspected by

qualiﬁed service personnel.

nual for further ratings information before making connections to the product.

s are not rated for connection to mains or Category II, III, or IV circuits.

connect.

y summary

The power cord disconnects the product from the power source. Do not block the power cord; it

Avoid exposed circuitry. Do not touch exposed connections and components when power is present.

Replace batteries properly. Replace batteries only with the speciﬁed type and rating.

Recharge batteries properly. Recharge batteries for the recommended charge cycle only.

Use proper AC adapter. Use only the AC adapter speciﬁed for this product.

Do not operate in an explosive a tmosphere.

Terms in this manual

These terms may appear in this manual:

WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life.

CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to this product or other property.

Symbols and terms on the product

These terms may appear on the product:

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual iii

General safety s

DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking.

WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you read the marking.

CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.

The following symbol(s) may appear on the product:

ummary

iv SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Compliance info

rmation

Compliance in

This section lists the EMC (electromagnetic compliance), safety, and environmental standards with which the instrument complies.

EMC compliance

EC declarati

Meets intent of Directive 2004/108/EC for Electromagnetic Compatibility. Compliance was demonstrated to the following speciﬁcations as listed in the Ofﬁcial Journal of the European Communities:

EN 61326-1:2006, EN 61326-2-1:2006. EMC requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and

laborator

CISPR 11:2

IEC 61000

IEC 6100

on of conformity – EMC

1234

yuse.

003. Radiated and conducted emissions, Group 1, Class A

-4-2:2001. Electrostatic discharge immunity

-4-3:2002. RF electromagnetic ﬁeld immunity

-4-4:2004. Electrical fast transient/burst immunity

0-4-5:2001. Power line surge immunity

0-4-6:2003. Conducted RF immunity

0-4-11:2004. Voltage dips and interruptions immunity

formation

EN 61000-3-2:2006. AC power line harmonic emissions

EN 6100

0-3-3:1995.

Voltage changes, ﬂuctuations, and ﬂicker

European contact.

Tektronix UK, Ltd. Western Peninsula Western Road Bracknell, RG12 1RF United Kingdom

product is intended for use in nonresidential areas only. Use in residential areas may cause electromagnetic interference.

This

Emissions which exceed the levels required by this standard may occur when this equipment is connected to a test object.

To ensure compliance with the EMC standards listed here, high quality shielded interface cables should be used.

When the application of a test with transient electromagnetic phenomenon results in the product rebooting, the self-recovery time can exceed 10 seconds. For example, at the 0% for 250 cycle Voltage Interruption test of IEC 61000-4-11.

Residual spurious signals can typically increase up to a level of -30 dBm with exposure to t he disturbance levels of this test.

Residual spurious signals can typically increase up to a level of -70 dBm with exposure to t he disturbance levels of this test.

Performance Criterion C applied at the 70%/25 cycle Voltage-Dip and the 0%/250 cycle Voltage-Interruption test levels (IEC 61000-4-11).

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual v

Compliance info

rmation

Australia / New Zealand declaration of conformity – EMC

Complies with the EMC provision of the Radiocommunications Act per the following standard, in accordance with ACMA:

CISPR 11:2003. Radiated and Conducted Emissions, Group 1, Class A, in accordance with EN 61326-1:2006 and EN 61326-2-1:2006.

Australia/New Zealand contact.

Baker & McKenzie Level 27, AMP Sydney NSW 2000, Australia

Centre, 50 Bridge Street

Safety compliance

ANSI/UL61010-1:2004. Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use

CSA C22.2 No. 61010.1:2004. Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory U se

EN 61010-1:2001. Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use

IEC61010-1:2001. Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use

ISA 82.02.01. Electrical Equipment for M easurement, Control, and Laboratory Use

vi SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Environmental considerations

This section provides information about the environmental impact of the product.

Product End-of-Life handling

Observe the following guidelines when recycling an instrument or component:

Equipment recycling. Production of this equipment required the extraction and use of natural resources. The equipment

may contain substances that could be harmful to the environment or human health if improperly handled at the product’s end of life. In order to avoid release of such substances into the environment and to reduce the use of natural resources, we encourage you to recycle this product in an appropriate system that will ensure that most of the materials are reused or recycled appropriately.

This symbol indicates that this product complies with the applicable European Union requirements according to Directives 2002/96/EC and 2006/66/EC on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and batteries. For information about recycling options, check the Support/Service section of the Tektronix Web site (www.tektronix.com).

Battery recycling. The Lithium-Ion rechargeable battery pack in this product must be recycled or disposed of properly.

Lithium-Ion batteries are subject to disposal and recycling regulations that vary by country and region. Always check and follow your applicable regulations before disposing of any battery. Contact Rechargeable Battery Recycling Corporation (www.rbrc.org) for U.S.A. and Canada, or your local battery recycling organization.

Compliance info

rmation

Many countries prohibit the disposal of waste electronic equipment in standard waste receptacles.

Place only discharged batteries in a battery collection container. Use electrical tape or other approved covering over the battery con

nection points to prevent short circuits.

Mercury notiﬁcation. This product uses an LCD backlight lamp that contains mercury. Disposal may be regulated due to

environmental considerations. Please contact your local authorities or, within the United States, refer to the E-cycling Central Web page (www.eiae.org) for disposal or recycling information.

Perchlorate materials. This product contains one or more type CR lithium batteries. According to the state

of California, CR lithium batteries are classiﬁed as perchlorate materials and require special handling. See www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/perchlorate for additional information.

Transporting Lithium-Ion batteries

The capacity of the Lithium-Ion rechargeable battery pack in this product is under 100 Wh. The provided battery pack has been shown to meet th

Always check all applicable local, national, and international regulations before transporting a Lithium-Ion battery.

Transporting an end-of-life, damaged, or recalled battery may, in certain cases, be speciﬁcally limited or prohibited.

The battery pack must be adequately protected against short-circuit or damage during transport.

e applicable requirements as deﬁned by the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria Part III Subsection 38.3.

Restriction of hazardous substances

This product is classiﬁed as an industrial monitoring and control instrument, and is not required to comply with the substance restrictions of the recast RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU until July 22, 2017.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual vii

Preface

This manual describes the features and basic operation of the SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer. For more detailed information on speciﬁc ﬁelds or tasks, tap the help buttons in the applic ation to open the online help for those items.

Key features

The SA2500 is a rugged, multi-standard spectrum analyzer and interference mapping tool optimized for ﬁeld use. Key features in

clude:

Docume

To read about Use these documents

Installation and operation (overviews) SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual. The user manual contains general

Help u

Spectrum an

DPX™ Spectr short-duration signal features (Option EP1 is available for enhanced DPX performance)

Plot measurements directly onto geo-referenced maps (using GPS) or image maps for on-site analysis of interference and coverage problems

Signal proﬁles for analyzing and classifying unknown signals (requires Option EP2)

Amplitude vs. Time measurement (similar to a Zero-Span measurement on a swept-IF spectrum analyzer)

Multiple signal markers, signal traces, and trace modes provide ﬂexible measurement capabilities

Spectrogram display for detection of intermittent signals

Key RF measurements

alyzer input frequency range of 10 kHz to 6.2 GHz covers most modern signal sources

um color bitmap display that shows signal rate-of-occurrence and trace shape changes to help highlight

ntation

mation about how to put your instrument into service, guides to user interface

infor controls, and key application examples.

sing the application

Online Help. The online help is context sensitive, displaying information appropriate for the active screen or the selected help button. (See page 18,

ing help.)

Gett

viii SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Instrument software

The following instrument software upgrades and PC tools are available on the Tektronix Web site (www.tektronix.com). You must have a valid software key for the instrument serial number to install instrument software. PC-based software tools do not require an option key.

Preface

SA2500 Software Upgrade Archive File

SA2500 PC Application Installation File

iMap Converter PC Application Installation File

Signal DB Editor PC Application Installation File

USB Slave Device PC Registration Utility

VirtualCE PC Application Installation File

The SA2500 upgrade archive ﬁle upgrades the SA2500 instrument software to the latest version.

The SA2500 simulator software provides a PC simulation of the instrument functionality. The simulator can display saved instrument measurement results, create and edit mask test ﬁles, and so on. The only limit to the PC simulator is that it cannot take measurements.

The iMap Converter PC tool lets you convert image or industry-standard coordinate maps to GSF-format map ﬁles for use with the instrument iMap mapping function. The iMap Converter tool also lets you add coordinate information to image ﬁles or create coordinate map ﬁles from applications such as Microsoft MapPoint.

The signal database editor lets you edit the instrument signal database ﬁles to customize signal deﬁnitions.

The USB slave device registration software enables a PC to communicate with the instrument through a USB cable. You must run this software before using the VirtualCE software to remotely control the instrument over a USB connection. You do not need to run this program if you plan to use VirtualCE to remotely control the instrument over a network or RS-232 connection.

The VirtualCE PC application lets you remotely control your instrument from a virtual interface on a PC or laptop. If you intend to use a USB cable to access the instrument from the VirtualCE application, you must run the USB slave device registration program before installing and using this application.

Downloading instrument software

1. Use your Web browser to go to www.tektronix.com/software.

2. Enter the product model number (SA2500)intheSearch by keyword ﬁeld and click Go.

3. Scroll through the list and select the appropriate link for a software item to show more information or to download

the software.

The instructions to install the software are on the Web download page for each software item.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual ix

Preface

SA2500 measurement options

You can add the listed options to extend the SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer measurement capabilities. Contact your local Tektronix representative, or go to www.tektronix.com, to learn how to purchase and install these options.

SA2500 Option EP1 Option EP1 adds enhanced DPX Spectrum Display measurement rates to the SA2500 Spectrum

Analyzer.

SA2500 Option EP2 Option EP2 adds Signal Classiﬁcation within communications standards and Signal Database

measurements to the SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer.

See the Upgrade Software Options Dialog Box online help topic for information on installing a measurement option.

x SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Conventions used in this manual

The following icons are used in this manual:

Preface

Sequence Step

Front panel power

Connect power

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual xi

Preface

Preventing personal injury from lightning

WARNING. To p r

product:

Before connecting th

Check your local weather forecast for the possibility of thunderstorms or lightning.

If weather conditions could allow thunderstorms or lightning to develop, be sure to visually check the sky and weather conditions in your area frequently.

If you can hear thunder or if you see lightning, do not connect this product to any source which may be exposed to the effects of lightning.

Use your own good judgement and common sense. You must protect yourself from the effects of lightning.

You must assume that hazardous voltages will be present on exposed surfaces of this product if it is connected to a source exposed to lightning. The insulation of this product will not protect you from these hazardous voltages.

event personal injury from the effects of lightning, exercise the following precautions when using this

is product to any source

xii SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Do not connect this product t o any source which might be subject to the effects o f lightning

If thunderstorms or lightning are in your vicinity:

When weather conditions that could lead to lightning activity exist in your area, you could be at risk of a lightning strike before the cloud is close enough for you to hear thunder or see lightning.

When lightning strikes a structure or facility, current travels through rebar, concrete, pipes, cables, vent stacks, and electrical system.

Lightning can induce electric and magnetic ﬁelds into structures and portions of wiring. The length of a conductor affected by the magnetic ﬁeld of a lightning strike may exceed two miles.

Be alert and aware of the effects of lightning

When lightning strikes a conductor, which in turn introduces the current into an area some distance from the ground strike poi the ground circuit.

Conductors such as the braided shields of cables or unshielded wires w ill have signiﬁcant transient currents ﬂowing in them in regions exposed to the electric ﬁeld effect of lightning.

Induced voltages may cause breakdown of insulation in wiring at connectors and in electrical components or breakdown of air.

nt, equipment can be damaged and personnel injured if they become an indirect path in the completion of

Preface

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual xiii

Preface

xiv SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Installation

Carefully unpack your instrument and verify that it includes the standard accessories.

Standard accessories

Accessory Tektronix part number

SA2500 User Manual

H500, SA2500, H600, SA2600, RF Scout, Y400 and Y350C Lithium-Ion Battery Maintenance Instructions

AC Power Adapter

Lithium-Ion Battery 146-0151-xx

GPS Antenna

Tilt stand 348-1661-xx

Soft carry case

Lanyard 016-1990-xx

Zipper pouch 016-1868-xx

Stylus

VHF sniffer antenna with BNC connector

N to BNC adapter connector

2-meter USB cable, A to B

Audio jack mute plug (mute all audio output from the instrument speaker)

Installation

071-3118-xx

071-3117-xx

119-7755-xx

119-7424-xx

016-1775-xx

119-6107-xx

119-6609-xx

103-0045-xx

174-5611-xx

131-8284-xx

Your instrument may also include optional accessories. Verify that the optional accessories you ordered are included with your instrument. For a current list of accessories, upgrades, and options, including service options, available for your instrument, visit the Tektronix Web site, www.tektronix.com.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 1

Installation

Operating considerations

AC Adapter Input voltage and current: 100 V - 240 V AC, 1.5 A

Input frequen Output voltage and current: 24 V DC, 2.7 A

Dimensions

Weight

Temperature Range

Humidity

Altitude

RF Signal Input Input frequency range: 10 kHz to 6.2 GHz

Height: 25.5 cm. (10.0 in) Width: 33 cm. (13 in) Depth: 12.5 c

Weight: 6.0

Operating (14 °F to 122 °F) typical Nonoperating: –40 °C to +60 °C (–40 °F to 160 °F) Battery ch

Operatin above +30 °C up to +50 °C, noncondensing

Operating: Up to 4,600 m (15,092 ft.) Nonoperating: Up to 12,192 m (40,000 ft.)

Coupli Input impedance: 50 Ω (nominal) Maximum input power without damaging instrument: 50 W rms 10 k Hz to 3.2 GHz, 15 W rms

3.2 GHz

cy: 50 Hz - 60 Hz

m. (4.8 in)

kg (13.25 lbs) , instrument and one battery

: 0 °C to +50 °C (32 °F to 122 °F) speciﬁed performance, –10 °C to +50 °C

arging: limited to 0 °C to 45 °C (32 °F to 113 °F)

g and Nonoperating: 5% to 95% relative humidity (RH) at up to +30 °C, 5% to 45% RH

ng: AC

to 6.2 GHz

2 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Installation

Cleaning

Clean the exterior surfaces of the instrument with a dry lint-free cloth or a soft-bristle b rush.

Use a cloth or swab moistened with deionized or distilled water, or a 75% isopropyl alcohol solution for more stubborn stains, to clean the instrument or touch screen; use just enough moisture to dampen the cloth or swab.

Use a gentle amount of force when cleaning the touch screen.

CAUTION. Do not get moisture inside the instrument during exterior cleaning.

Do not wash the front-panel On/Standby switch. Cover the switch while washing the instrument.

Do not spray liquids directly on the instrument or touch screen.

Do not use abrasive cleaners, or chemical cleaning agents that contain benzene, toluene, xylene, acetone, or similar solvents; they can damage the instrument or touch screen. Do not use commercial glass cleaners to clean the touch screen.

Do not scrub the touch screen with excessive force while cleaning.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 3

Installation

Installing batteries

The instrument comes standard with a single battery, which is not installed when the instrument is shipped. To install the battery, do the following:

1. Push on the battery door latch, then

open the battery door.

2. Push the metal battery retainer tab down

and towards the back of the instrument.

3. Lift the battery retainer up.

4. Lift battery by the tab.

5. Insert the battery, oriented as shown,

into either battery slot.

6. Close and latch the metallic battery

retainer and the battery compartment door.

7. Reverse steps 1 through 6 to remove a

battery.

You can add a second battery to increase the operating time. Replace a battery with the speciﬁed type only. To purchase a battery, contact your Tektronix Service Center for the correct part number.

. Disconnect power supply cables from the instrument before installing or removing batteries.

NOTE

atteries, or batteries that have not been used for an extended period, must be charged before using them to power the

New b instrument. (See page 5, Charging the batteries.)

4 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Connecting the AC adapter

1. Lift the instrument strap to expose the

power adapter connector.

2. Connect the AC power adapter to the

instrument.

3. Connect the AC adapter to a

properly-grounded AC power source using the provided power cord.

4. Charge the batteries before using the

instrument on battery power for the

ﬁrst time. (See page 5, Charging the batteries.)

Installation

Charging the batteries

Charge the batteries before using the instrument on battery power for the ﬁrst time. Batteries are partially charged and calibrated at the factory. A calibrated batte modules can operate before the instrument automatically powers off. The front-panel BATTERIES charge status indicator turns off when charging is complete.

See the SA2500 application online help topic Battery Calibration for information on calibrating batteries.

Approximate charge time

Number of batteries Instrument powered on Instrument powered off

1 10 hours 5.5 hours

2 20 hours 11 hours

Charge times are typical numbers for batteries that are low but not completely discharged.

Battery power management

The Power Management tool lets you determine battery charge status, obtain battery manufacture date and charge capacity information, and set power saving modes to maximize instrument run time.

To open the Power Management tool, select Start > Settings > Control Panel, and then double-tap the Power Management icon. You can also open the Power Management tool by double-tapping on the power icon in the Windows CE system tray. The power icon is either a power plug or a battery, depending on the current instrument power source.

ry allows the instrument to more accurately estimate how long the application

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 5

Installation

Battery maintenance and handling

Lithium-Ion rechargeable batteries require routine maintenance and care in their use and handling. See the Battery Maintenance online help topics for information on battery characteristics, replacement, storage, handling precautions,

transportation, and disposal and recycling.

6 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Powering on and off the instrument, and functional veriﬁcation

Installation

1. Ta p t he On/Sta

the instrument.

The instrument WindowsCE Status bar shows the instrument is operating on battery power and the External Power Connected icon when the inst external adapter.

To power off the instrument, tap the

On/Standby

For information on the instrument on/standby power modes, see the online help: Star

Shutting Down the Ins trument.

2. For functional veriﬁcation, watch the

screen. Verify that the instrument does not displ error messages.

ndby button to power on

Battery icon when the

rument is operating with an

button again.

t > Help > Tektronix Basics >

ay any power-on diagnostic

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 7

Installation

Calibrate the touch screen

Before using the instrument for the ﬁrst time, calibrate the touch screen display to respond correctly to your taps. The instrument user interface is based on touch screen technology. You tap (touch) virtual controls on the instrument screen to select and operate instrument controls. Virtual controls behave the same way as physical controls.

1. Ta p Start > Settings > Control Panel to

open the Control Panel screen.

2. Double-tap the Stylus icon on the

Control Panel screen.

3. In the Double-Tap tab, double-tap the

checkerboard grid at a comfortable speed with your stylus or ﬁnger to set the tap rate.

4. Double-tap the test icon to verify your

settings.

5. Ta p t h e C a libration tab and read the

tions.

instruc

6. Ta p t he

7. Follow the target screen instructions.

8. Ta p OK to save calibration settings.

Recalibrate button to open the

Cursor Position target screen.

When the position target disappears,

anywhere on the screen to return

touch to the Calibration tab.

8 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Setting date and time

You should set the date, time, and time zone for your location the ﬁrst time you power on the instrument. You should only reset the time when you use the instrument in a new time zone or are not using GPS to synchronize the instrument clock. You must update the time zone setting whenever you move the instrument to a region with a different time zone. The system date and time is always synchronized with GPS date and time, and then uses the time zone setting to set the local time.

1. Double-tap the time readout in the task bar, or tap Start > Settings > Control

Panel > Date/Time.

2. Set the correct date, time and time zone

for your location.

3. Ta p OK to accept the settings and close the dialog box.

Installation

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 9

Installation

Starting the SA2500 spectrum analyzer application

The SA2500 application starts automatically when you power on the instrument for the ﬁrst time. If the SA2500 application does not start automatically, or you have stopped the application, use either of the following methods to start the application:

Double-tap the SA2500 icon on the instrument screen.

Select Start > Programs > Tektronix Applications > SA2500.

The instrument opens the application. The Microsoft WindowsCE taskbar displays a button for each running application. To bring the application to the front of the screen, tap the SA2500 button in the taskbar.

Setting display colors

You can change the color scheme used in the instrument display. The color schemes optimize the display colors for use in

nt environments (outdoors or indoors) and for better printing quality on black and white (monochrome) printers.

differe

1. Select Setup > Color Preferences.

2. Ta p th

3. Ta p OK.

4. Select File > Exit to close the application.

5. Restart the application to enable the

e Color Scheme list ﬁeld and

select a display color scheme.

changed color scheme.

10 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Getting acquain

tedwithyourinstrument

Getting acqua

inted with your instrument

Instrument elements

1. Battery compartment.

2. Signal Connectors. (See page 12, Signal

connectors.)

3. Input/Output ports. (See page 12,

Input/Outp

4. PCMCIA card

5. Power butt

page 11, Power On/Standby and status panel.)

6. Connector for external power adapter. (See page adapter.)

7. Touch screen.

ut connectors.)

ports.

on and Status panel. (See

5, Connecting the AC

Power On/Standby and status panel

1. Power On

power on or off the instrument. For more information, access the online help: S

Shutting Down the Ins trument.

2. Reset button. Performs a hardware reset; all programs and data loaded into volatile memory are erased. Generally only

used to recover from a sy stem lock-up. Use a thin probe to push the reset button.

3. Power/Display status. Green indicates that the instrument is powered on. Amber indicates that the instrument is powered on but the display is turned off (to conserve power).

4. Battery status. Green indicates that the instrument is connected to an external power source and is charging installed batteries. Red indicates a low battery. No color indicates that the batteries are charged.

/Standby button. Push to

tart > Help > Tektronix Basics >

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 11

Getting acquain

ted with your instrument

Input/Output connectors

1. Microphone input

2. Headphone jack

3. Ethernet connector (RJ-45)

4. Serial RS-232 connector

5. PS/2 keyboard connector

6. USB Host connector

7. USB Slave connector

Signal con

1. IF OUT. A down-converted intermediate

frequency signal that you can connect to extern oscilloscope, for further signal analysis. (See page 29, IF output.)

2. GPS. Connects to the GPS antenna.

3. TRIGGE

Triggering.)

4. FREQ REF IN. Connect to an external frequency reference signal to improve measurement accuracy. See the online

help topic Input S ignal Requirements for more information.

5. RF IN. Connects the RF antenna or input signal source to the instrument.

nectors

al test equipment, such as an

R/TIMING IN. Connect to a TTL-level signal to trigger the instrument with an external source. (See page 30,

12 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

The user interface

Getting acquain

tedwithyourinstrument

1. Command bar.( command bar.)

2. Global Measurement controls.(See page 15, The global measurement controls.)

3. Display cont

control buttons.)

4. Measurement drawers. (See page 15,

The measurement drawer buttons.)

5. Measurement mode buttons. (See page 17, The m buttons.)

6. Measurement results. Shows the waveform displays, measurement

and marker readouts. The

results, appearance of this area changes depending on the selected measurement mode and m

See page 13, The

rols. (See page 16, Display

easurement mode

easurement type.

The command bar

Contains the application menus, as well as buttons for running/pausing the application and setting GPS, reference signal, and external ampliﬁer/attenuator parameters.

Element Description

Menus. See the online help topic Menus for information about the menu functions.

Select Measurement Display button. Opens a dialog box from which to select the instrument measurement mode. (See page 20, Select a measurement type.)

Pause button. Runs or Pauses the current measurement acquisition.

Run/

The GPS status button. Shows the GPS signal lock status of the GPS receiver (internal or external). The color indicates the GPS receiver signal lock status. Tap this button to open the GPS dialog box. See the online topic The GPS Dialog Box for more information.

The Measurement Reference Frequency status button. Shows the measurement frequency reference source. Tap this button to open the Inputs dialog box.

The available measurement reference frequency sources are the internal instrument frequency reference (F INT) an external reference (F EXT), and a GPS-derived reference (FGPS). See the online topic The Inputs Dialog Box for more information.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 13

Getting acquain

Element Description

ted with your instrument

The RF Input Signal Gain/Attenuation status button. Shows the external attenuator or ampliﬁer stat

us. Tap this button to open the Inputs tab where you can set the input signal ampliﬁcation or attenuation values. Use this button if you connect an attenuator or ampliﬁer to the input signal. See the online topic The Inputs Dialog Box for more information.

Help button. Opens the online help. Online help is context-sensitive and normally displays a help topic

related to the current measurement mode or screen. If the current screen is not context-sensitive, the instrument opens the online help at the main help menu. Use the index, or do a word search, to locate speciﬁc information.

14 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Getting acquain

tedwithyourinstrument

The global measurement controls

These controls set the display reference level (manually or automatically), the frequency span, and the m easurement frequency.

Element Description

Reference Level button and ﬁeld. Shows the current RF input signal reference level. Tap the Ref Level button to open a keypad and enter a speciﬁc level value. Tap the Ref Level ﬁeld to open an increment control to increase/decrease the current reference level value.

AutoLevel button. Tap the button to automatically detect the maximum input signal level across the full instrument frequency range and set the Reference Level appropriately.

Span controls and ﬁeld. Shows the frequency span of the displayed signal. Tap the arrow buttons to increment or decrement the span value by the default span units (1–2–5). Tap the Span ﬁeld to open a keypad and enter a speciﬁc span value.

Measurement Frequency button and ﬁeld. Shows the spectrum signal measurement frequency. Tap the Freq button to open a keypad and enter a speciﬁc frequency value. Tap the frequency ﬁeld to open an increment control to increase/decrease the current reference level value in steps.

Use the Freq/Span tab (Spectrum drawer > More) to couple or uncouple the measurement frequency with the display center frequency.

The measurement drawer buttons

Element Description

Drawer buttons provide additional controls for setting parameters. The displayed set of drawer buttons changes based on the selected measurement mode. The drawer buttons are always on screen to provide fast access to the most important controls for that measurement or setting.

Tap on a drawer button to open that drawer. A down-pointing arrow indicates an open drawer. Tap the More button to open parameter tabs with which you can set additional measurement

parameters.

Tap the Help button [?] to display information on that drawer.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 15

Getting acquain

Display control buttons

The Display Control buttons let you select the type of signal display, move the signal display area, and turn markers on and off.

Element Description

ted with your instrument

Spectrum button. Displays the Spectrum measurement. (See page 21, Display a spectrum signal.)

When displaying a spectrum, this button is replaced with the D PX

DPX Spectrum button. Displays the DPX Spectrum measurement. (See page 24, Display a DPX spectrum signal.)

When displaying a DPX spectrum, this button is replaced with the Spectrum button.

Front Trace button. Selects which trace is in front on th e display. Tap the button to cycle through all enabled traces. The Trace ﬁeld in the Spectrum drawer shows the front trace name and trace type. See the online help topic The Trace Tab for m ore information.

Zoom button. Lets you zoom (expand) the waveform by changing the span. Ta p and drag from left to right to zoom in (expand) the waveform. Tap and drag from right to left to zoom out (shrink) the waveform. The zoom function only works in the horizontal (frequency span) axis for most waveforms.

Cancel Zoom button. In Amplitude versus Time measurements, if you have zoomed in on a waveform, this button cancels the zoom action and restores the waveform to display the entire acquisition.

Move Waveform button. Lets you move the waveform display. Tap and drag on the screen to move the waveform in a horizontal or vertical direction (you cannot move the display diagonally). The vertical reference level scale changes to track the movement. If you move the display such that the measurement frequency is off-screen, the instrument sets the measurement frequency to the nearest edge of the display.

Pan Horizontal button. Lets you move the waveform display in a horizontal direction. If you move the waveform such that the measurement frequency is off-screen, the instrument sets the measurement frequency to the nearest edge of the display.

Pan Vertical button. Lets you move the waveform display in a vertical direction.

Spectrum button.

Undo button. Undoes the last touch screen tap or drag action (such as a move or zoom).

Reset button. Clears the current signal data and starts a new signal acquisition.

Display Markers button. Shows or hides marker icons and readouts. Hiding markers increases the waveform display update rate. See the online help topics Markers and The Markers Tab for more information.

The following buttons are shown only when in Signal Classiﬁcation mode, and replace spectrum display c ontrol buttons.

Signal Classiﬁcation measurements on the SA2500 require Option EP2.

Edit Region button. Enables the region edit mode and replaces the Spectrum Zoom and Move Waveform control buttons with the Change Span and Move Region buttons, respectively. (See page 35, Edit a signal classiﬁcation region.)

Change Span button. Lets you change the frequency span of a region. You cannot use this function on a declared (classiﬁed) region. (See page 35, Edit a signal classiﬁcation region.)

Move Region button. Lets you move a region to a new area on the signal. You cannot use this function on a declared (classiﬁed) region. (See page 35, Edit a signal classiﬁcation region.)

16 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

The measurement mode buttons

The Measurement Mode buttons select the type of measurement or operation to perform.

Element Description

Spectrum Measurement button. Sets the instrument to display spectrum measurements. (See page 21, Display a spectrum signal.)

Spectrogram Measurements button. Sets the instrument to display spectrogram measurements. (See page 22, Display a spectrogram.)

iMap button. Sets the instrument to place instrument measurements on a map. Use for graphically recording measurements to help analyze signal characteristics, locate interference, and sa ve measurement/location information. (See page 40, iMap measurement mapping mode.)

Getting acquain

tedwithyourinstrument

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 17

Getting acquain

Parameter entry controls

Tap on a parame t er ﬁeld or button to open the appropriate parameter entry control for that ﬁeld or button.

Element Description

ted with your instrument

The Increment control lets you use buttons to increase or decrease the value of the ﬁeld in small or large steps. The single arrow buttons make small changes. The double arrow buttons make larger changes.

Tap a keypad button to open a keypad in which to enter a value in the selected ﬁeld. The keypad content changes to show the available entry functions for the selected item.

WindowsCE provides an Input Panel (virtual keyboard) that you can use to enter text such as ﬁle name ﬁelds for text entry, the Input Panel also opens. When you close the dialog box, the Input Panel also closes.

s. In most cases, when the instrument opens a dialog box that includes

Getting help

The application includes a comprehensive online help system. You access the online help using the following methods:

Online help element Description

To manually open the Input Panel, tap the WindowsCE Input Panel button (

ost icon in the task bar). You can open a standard keyboard or a large keyboard.

right-m Tap the Input Panel button again and select Hide Input Panel to close the keyboard.

You can also open the Input Panel from Tools > Keyboard.

Help button. Located at the top right of the screen, as well as on most measurement function drawers or tabs Tap this button to display a help topic that is relevant to the current display mode, measurement drawer, or tab contents.

Dialog box help button. Tap this button to display an online help topic relevant to that dialog box.

18 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Operating basic

Operating bas

ics

Enable signal standards

Enable (select) the signal standards that you expect to analyze or measure. Enabled signal standards are listed in various ﬁelds in the instrument.

1. Select Setup > Signal Standards.

2. Tap the name of the standard in the Signal Standards supported list that

you want to enable. Drag the stylus to select two or more contiguous standards.

3. Ta p the Add >> button to add the selected s

Standards selected list.

4. Ta p OK. The enabled standards are

now selectable from any Standards drop-dow

tandard(s) to the Signal

nlist.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 19

Operating basic

Enable signal types

Enable (select) the signal types that you expect to analyze or measure. Enabled signal types are listed in various ﬁelds in the instrument. Use enabled signal types to set measurement parameters such as measurement frequency and bandwidth.

1. Select Setup > Signal Types.

2. Tap the name Signal Types supported list that you

want to enable. Drag the stylus to select two or more

3. Ta p the Add selected standard(s) to the Signal Types

selected list.

4. Ta p OK. The enabled types are now

selectab lists.

of the standard in the

contiguous standards.

>> button to add the

le from Signal Types drop-down

Select a measurement type

1. Ta p t h e

2. TapanitemintheCategory ﬁeld.

3. Double-tap an item in the Measurement

Select Measurement Display

button.

ﬁeld to open the selected measurement

ay mode.

displ

20 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Spectrum/Spectrogram measurements

The Spectrum measurement displays the spectral content of a signal (power versus frequenc y). The Spectrum measurement features include:

A measurement frequency range of 10 kHz to 6.2 GHz that covers most modern signal sources

The ability to detect very low level signals

Up to seven measurement markers

Intermodulation markers to quickly check for this common source of unusual signals

Two waveform traces and ﬁve trace modes

Mask testing

The Spectrogram measurement displays the spectral content (power versus frequency) of a signal over time, where the signal amplitude is represented by a range of colors. This display is especially useful for recording intermittent signals, as you can set the Spectrogram to acquire measurements from seconds to days apart, and automatically save the measurements to a ﬁle.

Display a spectrum signal

Operating basic

1. Ta p t he Spectrum mode button.

2. Ta p t he Freq button and enter a

measurement frequency.

3. Ta p the Span controls to change the

displayed frequency span to show the waveform area of interest. Or tap the Span ﬁeld and change the span value using the Increment control or the Keypad control.

4. Ta p the AutoLevel button to set the

display reference level. Or tap the Ref Level button and enter a value with the Reference Level keypad.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 21

Operating basic

Set other spectrum parameters

1. Use the contro to set resolution bandwidth (RBW), the display vertical scale, the measurement frequency Mar the waveform trace type.

2. Ta p t h e More button in the Spectrum drawer to display the spectrum parameter tabs.

3. Tapatabtod by that tab.

4. Ta p t he Help (question mark) button on a tab to display online help for that tab.

5. Ta p the Close (X)buttononatabto close the t instrument to a full-screen display mode.

ls in the Spectrum drawer

ker-To button actions, and

isplay the parameters set

ab display and return the

Display a spectrogram

1. Display

2. Ta p t he M

a spectrum signal of interest.

easurement Display

button and select the Spectrogram measurement.

3. Set or clear the Dual Display check

he Spectrogram drawer to

box in t enable or disable a split-screen spectrum/spectrogram display.

NOTE.

button (X) to close the tabs and display the spectrogram on the lower half of the screen.

4. Ta p t

5. Ta p t he Spectrum display control button

See

If tabs are open, tap the tab Close

he Mo re button to display the

spectrogram parameter tabs.

to return to a Spectrum display.

the online spectrogram help topics for information on other spectrogram operations.

22 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

View a spectrogram record

1. Display a spectrogram.

2. Ta p t h e Stop button to stop measurement

acquisition.

3. Ta p t he Data Record ﬁeld in the

Spectrogram Record increment control.

4. Tap the arrow keys to move the record

cursor (white line in the spectrogram plot) to a re Spectrogram drawer shows the time and date information of the selected record directly b

drawer to open the Data

cord of interest. The

elow the Data Record ﬁeld.

Operating basic

5. The spectr

waveform for the selected record (in dual display mode).

See the on Spectrogram Files for information on viewing saved spectrogram records.

um display shows the

line help topic View Saved

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 23

Operating basic

DPX®spectrum display

DPX Spectrum Display technology uses color shading and data persistence to show how signal characteristics change over time.

Color shading shows how consistent the shape of a trace is, where the color represents the rate-of-occurrence for signal features. The DPX Spectrum Display works by using a two-dimensional array to represent data points on the display. Each time a trace writes to a point on the display, the instrument increments a counter for that point. A color is assigned to each point in the display based on the value of its counter divided by the number of acquisitions (hit percent). Thus, as acquisitions occur over time, the DPX waveform, referred to as the Bitmap, uses color to show how frequently a display point has been written to.

Persistence sets how long a point on the display is visible, which can help show infrequent events. You can set the display persistence tobeVariableorInﬁnite. In variable persistence mode, the decay period determines how long a point is displayed. In inﬁ nite persistence mode, once a point in the display has been written to, it remains visible until the measurement is restarted.

DPX display performance characteristics

The SA2500 and the SA2500 with Option EP1 have different DPX performance characteristics, as listed in the following table:

Performance characteristic SA2500 SA2500 with Option EP1

Spectrum processing rate 2,500 FFTs (Fast Fourier

Minimum signal duration for 100% probability of

ept

interc

10,000 FFTs (Fast Fourier

Transforms) per second

500 μs 125 μs

Transforms) per second

Display a DPX spectrum signal

1. Display a spectrum signal of interest.

age 21, Display a spectrum signal.)

(See p

2. Ta p t

he DPX Spectrum display control

button.

24 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Operating basic

3. Ta p the More bu

drawer to display the DPX spectrum parameter tabs.

4. Ta p t h e Bitmap tab.

5. Ta p the Intensity ﬁeld and set the

intensity to A higher intensity level enables the display of data points from single, short events, and subject to the persistence controls. Thisallowsyoutoseetheeffectof the Persist events. Intensity also affects the colors used to display the Bitmap.

6. Ta p t h e Dot Persistence check box to

enable Bitmap point display persistence controls. Dot persistence sets how long a point is displayed if it is not updated with new data.

Variable sets the decay period for how long a point is displayed before fading.

Inﬁnite sets all points to remain visible indeﬁnitely until you restart signal acquisition.

7. Use the Color ﬁeld to set the color

schemeusedfortheBitmaptrace.

tton in the DPX S pectrum

control the visibility of events.

also makes such an events

ence controls on infrequent

8. Use the Max and Min ﬁelds to set the hit

percent color range of data points. Data points that are between the Max and Min settings are displayed using the colors in the order shown in the color scheme.

Max sets the hit percent required to display a data point using the color at the top of the color scheme. The default value is 100%.

For example, if the Max value is set to 90%, then data points that occur 90% or more of the time are displayed using the maximum (top) color of the color scheme.

Min sets the minimum hit percent required to display a data point, starting with the color at the bottom of the color scheme. The default value is 0%.

For example, if the Min value is set to 10%, then data points must occur at least 10% of the time to be displayed in the Bitmap.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 25

Operating basic

Amplitude vs. time measurement

The Amplitude versus Time measurement shows the RF signal amplitude variation over a period of time within the acquisition bandwidth (as set by the Span control). This measurement produces a similar result to the Zero-Span measurement of a swept-IF spectrum analyzer.

The displayed oscilloscope-like signal can help you to identify a signal type. For example, GSM transmitters (both base station and mobile units) transmit 576 μs-duration bursts in one of eight slots duringa4.61msframe,withinanapproximately 200 kHz bandwidth. If the waveform bursts and framing meet GSM timing characteristics, then that signal is most likely a GSM signal.

Display an amplitude vs. time m easuremen t

1. Display a spectrum signal of interest.

(See page 21, Display a spectrum signal.)

2. Ta p t h e Select Measurement Display button and select the Amplitude vs. Time measurement. (See page 20, Select a measurement type.)

3. Use the controls in the Time Domain drawer to set the display Vertical Scale, the Marker-To button actions, and the active waveform trace type.

26 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Operating basic

4. Ta p t he More but

tonintheTime Domain drawer to display the spectrum parameter tabs.

5. Tap a tab to display the parameters set

by that tab.

6. Ta p t he Help (

question mark) button on

a tab to display online help for that tab.

7. Ta p the Close (X)buttononatabto

close the tab display and return the instrument

to a full-screen display mode.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 27

Operating basic

8. Use the Zoom and

Pan Display buttons

to display a waveform segment of interest.

9. Ta p the Display Markers button and

use markers to

measure time differences

between points on the waveform.

28 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

IF output

The SA2500 can down-convert the RF input signal to an intermediate frequency and send it to the IF OUT connector. You can then connect the IF signal to other test equipment, such as an oscilloscope or demodulator, for further analysis.

1. Select Setup > Outputs.

2. Ta p Enable IF Output.

3. Ta p OK.

Operating basic

NOTE. Enab

a warning message and also displays the UNCAL button while IF output is enabled. To restore the instrument to taking calibrated measurements, clear the Enable IF Output check box in the Outputs dialog.

See the on

Speciﬁcations section, for more information. (See Table 1 on page 60.)

ling the IF output signal results in the instrument measurements being uncalibrated. The instrument displays

line help topic The Outputs Dialog Box,aswellastheGeneral Performance Characteristics table in the

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 29

Operating basic

IF output tips

The IF output signal is only enabled when Spectrum or Amplitude vs. Time measurements are selected. The output is disabled when other measurements are selected, even if the control setting is selected (checked). Reselecting a Spectrum or Amplitude vs. Time measurement reenables the IF Output signal.

The IF output signal is unavailable when taking Spectrum measurements that require multiple acquisitions. Multiple acquisitions occur when the span is greater than 20 MHz, and can occur for some combinations of manually set RBW. To ensure an IF output signal, set the measurement span to be ≤20 MHz and set the RBW to Auto.

Enabling the IF output signal results in the instrument measurements being uncalibrated. The instrument displays a warning message and also displays the UNCAL button while IF output is enabled. To restore the instrument to taking calibrated measurements, clear the Enable IF Output check box in the Outputs dialog box.

The nominal IF out frequency is 140 MHz. The instrument displays the exact IF output frequency on screen when IF output is enabled. This is the frequency to which the RF center frequency is converted.

The IF OUT connector has a nominal impedance of 50 Ω.

Triggering

You c an se well as set a trigger delay and the position of the trigger point in the acquisition record.

1. Ta p t he More buttonintheSpectrum or

2. Ta p t h e T

3. Ta p th

t a number of trigger parameters including the trigger source, trigger time, signal type, signal threshold value, as

Time Dom

trigger type. The External setting requires a TTL-level trigger signal at the Trigg

To turn triggering off, select Free Run from the Source list.

ain drawer.

rigger tab.

e Source ﬁeld and select the

er/Timing connector.

30 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

4. Set the trigger parameters. Note that

Position is only available when in Amplitude vs.

Time measurement mode.

Operating basic

5. Ta p t h e Force T

a signal acquisition regardless of the trigger settings.

6. To set the instrument to trigger at a

particular time and/or interval, select the Internal Timebase trigger source, tap the Trigger Time ﬁeld, and use the Conﬁgure Internal Time Trigger dialog box to set the time trigger parameters.

rigger buttontoforce

Triggering tips

After arm the acquisition stops. Trigger Delay and Position settings control the position of the acquisition record relative to the trigger event, allowing signal data capture both before and after the trigger event.

Trigger modes interact with the spectrum Run m ode (Spectrum Run tab). If the Run mode is set to Continuous, the instrum measurement acquisition after a trigger event, set the Run mode to Single.

ing, the instrument continuously acquires signal data until the trigger event. The trigger event determines when

ent continuously rearms the trigger and reacquires s ignals if the trigger condition reoccurs. To obtain a single

When using the Internal Timebase trigger with just Trigger Time mode selected, set the Trigger Time value to a time that is after the current time. When the Trigger Time is reached, the instrument takes one measurement and then goes into

se state. The Trigger Time value must then be set to a time later than the current time before the instrument can

the Pau trigger for a new measurement.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 31

Operating basic

When using the Internal Timebase trigger with Repeat Interval or Both selected, the instrument trigger time depends on how the instrum instrument time. See the Spectrum Triggering Tips Online help topic for more information on using the Internal Timebase trigger with the Repeat Interval or Both setting.

A trigger icon, located at the top of the display graticule, is shown when the instrument is in Amplitude vs Time measurement m trigger modes except Free Run.

In Spectrum-based measurements, IF level triggering can occur even when no part of the displayed waveform reaches the speciﬁed trigger threshold level. This happens because trigger level detection is done on the total signal power in the span bandwid span. For modulated signals with bandwidths wider than the RBW setting, the signal spectrum power level in any RBW interval is lower than the total signal power detected by the trigger system.

Certain settings or combinations of settings can disable External triggering. When triggering is disabled, the instrument displays a settings to those that allow triggering enables the Trigger tab controls. The following are the most common causes of disabled triggering:

Setting Span greater than 20 MHz

Setting any combination of Span and Resolution BW (RBW) that requires multiple signal acquisitions to take a measurem

ent interprets the trigger time in relation to the closest 24-hour point within ±12 hours of the current

ode (Time Domain). The trigger icon marks the position of the trigger event on the waveform for all

th, while the displayed spectrum waveform shows the signal power divided into RBW intervals across the

yellow highlighted notiﬁcation message for a short period and disables the Trigger tab controls. Changing the

ent

g DPX, Audio Demod, or Signal Strength measurement modes (including Signal Classiﬁcation Audio Demod

Selectin mode)

32 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Signal classiﬁcation

Signal Classiﬁcation helps you determine the various parameters of an unidentiﬁed signal. S ignal Classiﬁcation lets you:

Deﬁne areas of interest as regions (center frequency and frequency span) anywhere on the signal (See page 33,

Deﬁne a s ignal classiﬁcation region.)

Compare an unknown signal’s bandwidth and frequency to known signal standards

Assign classiﬁcation labels and notes to regions (See page 37, Declare a region (Classiﬁcation).)

Save all deﬁned regions to a region survey ﬁle (See page 39, Save and load region surveys.)

Deﬁne a signal classiﬁcation region

1. Ta p t he Signal Classiﬁcation button.

2. Display a spectrum signal of interest.

Operating basic

3. Tap the region Add button.

4. Tap and drag horizontally on the screen

ne the span of a region. The

to deﬁ instrument draws a box to indicate the region span frequency. The amplitude

on of the signal does not need to be

porti totally enclosed in the region box.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 33

Operating basic

5. Ta p t h e Region Span ﬁeld to enter a

6. Ta p the More button to display the

NOTE. Signal Classiﬁcation measurements on the SA2500 require Option EP2.

NOTE. A maximum of two regions can overlap the same measurement frequency. If you deﬁne a new region that covers a

frequenc deﬁnition box is drawn with a thin r ed line. Tap the Delete button to delete the invalid region, or use the Change Span or Move Region buttons to change the span deﬁnition. You cannot do any more region tasks until you correct the invalid region deﬁniti

precise frequency span of the region.

parameter tab region settings, such as setting the signal type.

y range already contained within two other regions, the instrument displays a warning message and the region

on. (See page 35, Edit a signal classiﬁcation region.)

s to make additional

NOTE. As the number or regions increase, system performance decreases. Speciﬁcally, the sweep update rate slows down

and the time required to navigate between any two regions increases. A good rule of thumb is keep the total number of

s under 100. Create and save separate surveys, each with no more than 100 regions.

region

34 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Edit a signal classiﬁcation region

1. Ta p t he Edit Region buttontoswitchthe

Zoom and Move b Region and Move Region buttons. This button is only shown while in the Signal Classiﬁcatio

2. To change the width (frequency span) if a region, tap the Change Span button.

3. Tap the region to change. Then press and drag, wi the region box to change the span of the region in the direction of the drag. Dragging f the box expands the region; dragging from the edge of the box towards the center red to make tapping and dragging easier.

You can only move an undeclared region

cation = None).

(Classiﬁ

uttons with Change

n mode.

th ﬁrm pressure, inside

rom the center to outside of

uces the region. Use a stylus

Operating basic

4. Yo u can a in the Region drawer to enter a speciﬁc frequency span for the region.

5. To move a region, tap the Move Region button.

6. Tap the region to move. Then press and dr inside the region box to move the region in the direction of the drag. Use a stylus to ma

You can only move an undeclared region (Classiﬁcation = None).

lso tap the Region Span ﬁeld

ag, with ﬁrm pressure, anywhere

ke tapping and dragging easier.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 35

Operating basic

7. Tap the Region Add buttontodeﬁne a

8. Tap the Region Delete button to delete

new region on the signal.

the current se

lected region.

9. Tap the Regio

delete all deﬁned regions from the signal.

10. Ta p t he Prev Region arrow buttons to display and

select the previous or next de ﬁned region on the signa on the region measurement frequency (from left to right on the waveform), not in the orde region is off the screen, the instrument displays the region.

The number (top number) and the total number of regions (bottom number). Regions are listed fr end of signal) to highest frequency. As regions are added or deleted, the number a may change.

n Delete All button to

ious Region or Next

l. The region order is based

r that they were created. If the

s indicate the current region

om the lowest frequency (left

ssigned to a particular region

36 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Operating basic

Declare a region (Classiﬁcation)

Declaring a region lets you assign a classiﬁcation category to the region and add additional notes about the region or signal.

1. Select or deﬁne a region.

2. Ta p the Declare button to open the

Declare Region dialog box.

3. Ta p t he Classiﬁcation list and select an

appropriate classiﬁcation. Assigning a classiﬁcation type also assigns a color to the region box to let you quickly identify the classiﬁcation of a declared region.

4. Ta p t he De

description up to 14 characters long. The default value for this ﬁeld is the signal type as s can change the default value if desired. To enter characters, use the WindowsCE Inputs control or a keyboard connected to the instrument PS2 port. (See page 18,

Parame

5. Ta p the

enter descriptive details. You can enter a maximum of 255 characters.

6. Ta p OK to close the dialog box and

assig

NOTE. Once a region is classiﬁed, you need to reclassify it to None to make any changes to that region declaration. Use the

Declare button, or the Classiﬁcation ﬁeldintheRegion drawer, to change the region classiﬁcation.

scription ﬁeld to enter a brief

et in the Region tab, but you

Panel on-screen keyboard

ter entry controls.)

Comments/Notes ﬁeld and

n the declaration to the region.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 37

Operating basic

The survey summary

The Survey Summary list shows all deﬁned (declared or undeclared) regions, and lets you quickly select and display speciﬁc regions.

1. Ta p the More buttonintheRegion

2. Ta p t he Survey Summary tab.

3. Tap on an entry in the list to select and

4. Tap on any of the column headings to

drawer to open the Region settings tabs.

display that region.

sort the list entries by the values in that column, in ascending order.

38 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Operating basic

Save and load region surveys

A region survey is the set of all de ﬁned regions on the current signal, as listed in the Survey Summary tab. You can save region surveys to a ﬁle, and then load a region survey to merge with or replace your current region deﬁnitions.

File > Save Survey: saves all deﬁned regions to a system-default ﬁle name and location. This function saves the

region deﬁnitions only.

File > Save Survey As: saves all deﬁned regions to a speciﬁed ﬁle name and location. This function saves the region

deﬁnitions only.

File > Load Survey: loads a region survey from a ﬁle. Follow the on-screen instructions to replace or merge your current

region deﬁnitions with those from the ﬁle.

File > Load Survey from Results: loads region deﬁnitions that are part of a saved signal classiﬁcation results

ﬁle (File > Save Results). Follow the on-screen instructions to replace or merge your current region deﬁnitions with those from the ﬁle.

File > Export Regions As: writes the current region deﬁnitions to a text ﬁle in tab-separated or csv ﬁle format. See the

online topic Region Import/Export File Format for information on the structure of the text-based region ﬁle.

File > Import Regions: loads regions from a tab-separated or csv format ﬁle that contains region deﬁnitions. If there are

currently deﬁned regions in the instrument, the instrument opens the Load Survey dialog box. Use the dialog box to either attempt to merge the saved regions with the existing regions, or delete all existing regions before importing the regions.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 39

Operating basic

iMap measurement mapping mode

iMap integrates interference mapping, coverage mapping, in-building mapping, outdoor mapping, and provides an integrated solution for ﬁeld interference and coverage problems in one instrument.

Using iMap is as easy as selecting a measurement and touching the displayed map where you want the measurement to be placed. Measurement icons are color coded to indicate if the measurements have passed or failed limit tests. You can also add an azimuth arrow to a measurement to indicate the direction the antenna was pointing when you took a measurement.

To start the iMap tool, tap the iMap button. When you open the iMap tool for the ﬁrst time, the screen displays the message Empty map. Otherwise, iMap displays the last-loaded map.

You can load scanned bitmap ﬁles as maps for in-building mapping, or use GSF and MIF map ﬁle formats for outdoor maps. Using GSF or MIF map ﬁles lets you use the built-in GPS receiver to automatically place measurements at your current l

ocation.

You c an sa maps and measurement results lets you analyze measurement data (position, value, and direction) and prepare reports.

ve maps and associated measurement results data to common ﬁle formats such as CSV or MapInfo. Saving

40 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Map ﬁle concepts

The iMap tool uses two types of maps: Grid and Image.

Operating basic

Grid maps. Gri

instrument uses grid maps, along with an active GPS receiver, to place measurements on a map at your current geophysical position. Grid maps require specialized PC software to create or can be purchased from map-creating companies. The instrument c before you can load them into the iMap tool.

Grid maps require an active GPS receiver to correctly link measurements to geophysical map locations. An active GPS receiver is a receiver that is locked to four or more satellite signals and is providing the instrument with accurate GPS location data. If you the instrument considers the grid map as an image map.

d maps have geophysical latitude and longitude coordinate references embedded in the map ﬁle. The

an load both GSF- and MIF-format grid map ﬁles. You need to convert non-GSF or MIF grid maps to GSF format

load a grid map and a GPS receiver is either not connected or does not have a good satellite signal lock,

Image maps. Image maps do not have any geophysical latitude and longitude references embedded in the map ﬁle.

An image map is a graphical image, such as a scanned building ﬂoor plan or aerial photograph, to which you can attach measurements at the point that you tap the screen.

Converti

convert and save image ﬁles (BMP, JPEG, GIF, TIFF or PNG ﬁle) into GSF format image map ﬁles, convert image maps to grid maps, and create grid maps from applications such as Microsoft MapPoint. (See page 51, The iMap converter program.)

ng ﬁles to maps.

The iMap Converter, a program that is downloadable from the Tektronix Web site, lets you

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 41

Operating basic

Loading a map

You need to load a map before you can use the iMap tool. If a map was loaded in a previous session, then that map remains loaded until you load a new map ﬁle.

1. With iMap open, select File > Loa d Map.

2. Navigate to and select the map ﬁle to

3. Ta p OK. The iMap application loads the

load (Bitmap, GSF, MIF, or ZIP (map with results) format).

map on the screen.

42 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Operating basic

Mapping a measurement

The following procedure requires that you have already set up the measurement. You must have also loaded a map ﬁle. (See page 42, Loading a map.)

1. Ta p t he Single Measurement button.

2. TapaniMapme

Available measurements depend on the current signal standard. The selected measuremen Measurement Thumbnail area.

3. Tap the map:

If a GPS receiver is active, and

you are us measurement is placed at the current GPS coordinates.

If a GPS receiver is not active, or if

you are us as a building ﬂoor plan), a single measurement is placed where you tapped t

4. Yo u can

button, and then tap the map to add a new measurement to the map. Multiple

ement icons at the same location

measur stack on top of each other.

asurement button.

t is displayed in the

ing a grid map, a single

inganimagemap(such

he map.

select a different measurement

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 43

Operating basic

5. To move an icon, tap the Select button

NOTE. The number of measurements that can be placed on a map is limited to 200. When the limit is reached, iMap

responds depending on which measurement mode is active. In single measurement mode, iMap shows a message stating that the li save the map and measurements to a ﬁle, or select File > Clear All Measurements to clear the map and resume adding measurements to the map.

In logging measurement mode, iMap shows a message stating that the limit has been reached and ﬁles w ere saved, automati resumes adding measurements to the map.

and then tap and drag the icon to a new position. If t of a stack of measurements (such as created by logging), then iMap moves the topmost icon moved to a new stack of measurements, thentheiconisplacedinthestackin time-of-mea

he measurement was part

in the stack. If the icon is

surement order.

mit has been reached, and discards any following measurements. Select File > Save Map With Results As to

cally saves the map and measurements to a ﬁle at the current default save location, clears the map, and then

NOTE. To add measurements at a new location on a grid map with an active GPS receiver, you must physically move

to the ne

NOTE. You can move measurement icons on an image map, or on a grid map with the GPS receiver inactive. Attempting to

move an position on the screen; the measurement icons are not moved.

When a GPS receiver is not active, you can move any measurement icon. This includes moving measurement icons that were placed on the map while in GPS mode. iMap does not reposition moved GPS-related m easurement icons back to their

w location.

icon on a grid map with an active GPS receiver causes iMap to drag the map and its measurement icons to a new

original geophysical position on a map when the GPS receiver is active.

iMap measurement icons

The iMap application uses icons on the map to represent a m easurement taken at that location. There are two types of measurement icons: large and ﬂag. The large icon displays the type of measurement that they represent. The ﬂag icon is asimplesmallﬂag, and is used only in logging (multiple) measurement mode to indicate measurement placement. See the online help topic iMap Measurement Map Icon Types for more information.

You can perform various actions on measurement icons, including viewing the measurement results of an icon, moving the icon, deleting an icon, and attaching a measurement direction arrow to an icon. See the following sections, and the online help topic View Map Measurements, for more information.

44 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Viewing and deleting icon measurements

To view or delete the measurement results associated with an iMap measurement icon:

1. Tap the iMap Select mode button.

2. Tap a measurement icon to open the

Map Measurements dialog box.

3. Tap the measurement of interest in the

list.

4. Ta p Open Measurement to open the

measurement screen for the selected measurement. Tap the iMap button to return to the iMap screen.

5. Ta p the Delete Measurement button

to delete the selected measurement. If there are multiple measurements to delete, repeatedly select and tap Delete.

Operating basic

6. Ta p Measurement to Top to move a

selected measurement to the top of the list.

7. Ta p OK to close the dialog box.

You can also double-tap on a measurement icon to open the measurement window for that measurement. If

NOTE.

there are multiple measurements at a location, double-tapping an icon displays the results for the measurement icon that is at the top of the list.

To delete all the measurement icons from a map, select File > Clear All Measurements.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 45

Operating basic

Draw a measurement azimuth (Direction) arrow

The iMap azimuth direction arrow function lets you draw an arrow on a mapped measurement to indicate the direction your antenna was pointing when you took a measurement.

1. Ta p the Measurement Direction button.

2. Tap and drag from the center of a

measurement the antenna was pointing when the measurement was made. iMap draws an arrow from t

icon in the direction

he measurement icon.

46 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Operating basic

The iMap measur display shows the direction of the arrow as you draw it. The information shown depends on the The example shown is for a grid map. Use the thumbnail readout to help set the measurem

3. To change the arrow direction, draw a

new line. iMa arrow with the new direction arrow.

ement thumbnail

map type (grid or image).

ent arrow direction.

p replaces the existing

Delete an azimuth measurement direction arrow.

1. Tap the iMap Select mode button.

2. Single-tap the measurement icon with

the direction arrow to delete. iMap opens the Map Measurements dialog box.

3. Tap the measurement name that has the

direction arrow to delete.

4. Ta p t he Delete Azimuth button.

5. Ta p OK. iMap closes the dialog box and

deletes the direction arrow.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 47

Operating basic

Logging iMap measurements (automatic measurements)

Logging measurements lets you automatically map a single measurement at a set time interval or change in GPS position (with active GPS receiver and a grid map).

NOTE. The iMap tool maps only completed measurement results. If the speciﬁed time interval is less than that required to

take a measurement, iMap ignores the speciﬁed time interval and maps results as soon as the measurement acquisition is done. For example, if the instrument requires 20 seconds to take a measurement, but the time interval is set to 10 seconds, then the instrument maps results every 20 seconds.

1. Set up the measurement parameters

(frequency, bandwidth, and so on) and then tap the measurement to log.

48 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Operating basic

2. Ta p t he Log Meas

3. Tapabuttonin

to set the type of measurement interval (time interval or distance between measurement p only available when the GPS is active and acquiring accurate position data.

4. Ta p a ﬁeld in the Measure Every area to

set the measu

5. Tap the map to start logging

measurements:

For grid maps with an active GPS

receiver, tap the map at any point. The instrument adds measurement ﬂags to the map at the current GPS position.

For image maps or for grid maps

without an active GPS receiver, tap the map at the measurement starting location. The instrument begins taking measurements, but does not display them on the map until measurement logging is done.

urements button.

the Measure By area

ositions). Distance is

rement interval.

6. Tap the map to stop measurements:

For grid maps with an active GPS

receiver, tap the map at any position. The instrument stops mapping measurements.

For image maps or grid maps without

an active GPS receiver, tap the map at the position the last measurement was taken. Measurements are then evenly spaced on a straight line between the start and stop map points.

7. Ta p the Single Measurement or the

Select button to exit the iMap logging

measurements mode.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 49

Operating basic

NOTE. The number of measurements that can be placed on a map is limited to 200. For grid maps with an active GPS,

when the instru measurements and map are automatically saved to the curr ent Save Results directory, the map is cleared, and then iMap continues adding measurements to the map.

When using an image map, or a grid map without an active GPS reference, when the instrument reaches the 200 measurement l instrument then automatically saves the map measurements to a ﬁle and then clears the map. If the instrument is in repeat measurement mode, new measurements are not started until you tap the new start position on the image map.

ment reaches the measurement limit while in multiple measurement mode, a message is brieﬂy displayed, the

imit, the instrument displays a message requesting you to tap the position of the last measurement. The

NOTE. The iM

during logging measurement acquisition. When iMap measurement logging is done, the instrument restores the map view measurements mode to the mode it was at befor e the iMap measurement logging was initiated.

If you tap the Select, Measurement Direction,orSingle Measurement button while logging measurements in non-GPS mode, iMap

Grid maps w maps, or grid maps with an inactive GPS receiver, support logging measurements by time intervals.

You c annot place a measurement icon on any area of the map that is covered by a message banner.

NOTE. When the instrument is in measurement logging mode (Setup > Logging), iMap measurements (single or repeat)

are not m results are saved directly to a log ﬁle and are not associated with the map ﬁle. The logging X icon is not an interactive icon; selecting it does not open a measurement list and you cannot move the icon. The X icon does not count as part of the 200

ap Log measurements function automatically sets the map view measurements mode to Measurement Flags

cancels the log measurements mode and does not draw any measurement icons on the map.

ith an active GPS receiver support logging measurements by time interval or distance change interval. Image

apped as iMap measurement icons. Instead, an X is drawn at the measurement location. The measurement

-measurement limit.

50 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Operating basic

The iMap converter program

Tektronix provides a map ﬁle conversion program called iMap Converter that you can download from the Tektronix Web site. iMap Converter lets you convert graphical image ﬁles or map ﬁles for use with the instrument iMap tool. Types of images or ﬁles that you can convert include:

BMP, JPEG, GIF, TIFF and PNG graphical images (map images, building ﬂoor plans, aerial photographs)

Industry standard MapInfo Interchange Format (MIF), ArcInfo Shape (.shp), USGS Digital Line Graph (.opt) geophysical

coordinate maps

Other iMap Converter features include:

Easily capture images from applications such as Microsoft MapPoint to create geophysical (coordinate) map ﬁles

for use with GPS measurement mapping

Manually assign geophysical coordina tes (latitude/longitude) to image ﬁles, such as building ﬂoor plans or screen capture

map images, to create a grid map for use with GPS measurement plotting

Combine multiple coordinate map ﬁles into a single large map ﬁle

To install the iMap converter program on a PC

1. Go to the Tektronix Web site (www.tektronix.com).

2. Click Software Downloads on the left side of the screen to open the Software Downloads Web page.

3. Enter imapconverter (single word) in the Search by keyword ﬁeld and click Go.

4. Select the iMap Converter link to download the software. Follow the installation instructions on the download page.

5. To open the iMap Converter tool on the PC, select Start > Programs > Tektronix > iMapConverter.

6. Click the iMap Converter Help button for information on how to use the tool to convert ﬁles, add coordinates to an

image ﬁle, or create m aps.

Bitmap ﬁles that are converted to GSF-format load faster on the instrument because the instrument does not have

NOTE.

to do the bitmap-to-GSF conversion in the instrument. However, it is then possible to confuse image GSF maps with grid (coordinate) GSF ﬁles. Use a ﬁle naming convention to differentiate between GSF maps created from coordinate maps and GSF ma

NOTE

iMap Converter to convert MIF map ﬁles to GSF map ﬁles, rather than loading MIF ﬁles directly on the instrument.

ps created from bitmap ﬁles that do not have coordinate information.

. The MIF-format ﬁles take signiﬁcantly longer to load than the GSF-format ﬁles. Tektronix recommends that you use

Measurement data logging

Measurement data logging enables automatically saving measurements results and GPS positions to separate ﬁles or to a network UDP address. You can write measurements to either or both types of log ﬁles (text or a network address) at thesametime.

The GPS position log ﬁle contains entries for the time (time zone adjusted), latitude, longitude, and altitude. The GPS position is logged every second, on the second (based on the GPS time, not UTC time). The GPS position data is independent of any measurement position data.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 51

Operating basic

The measurement results log ﬁle contains measurement settings, a timestamp, GPS position values, and the measurement results for eac

1. Select Setup > Logging to open the

2. Ta p t he Measurement Results tab and

3. For measurement results you can also

h measurement acquisition. Each new measurement is appended to the end of the log ﬁle.

Logging dialog box.

select the or Log to UDP). Enter the appropriate parameters.

select th binary or csv (comma separated values). The binary format is more efﬁcient than csv forma used or read by applications.

logging destination (Log to File

e output format to be either

t, but requires conversion to be

4. To enable GPS position logging, tap the GPS Pos

destination (Log to File or Log to UDP). Enter the appropriate parameters.

5. Ta p OK to close the dialog box and start measurement logging.

6. Ta p Help for more information on the logging function, binary ﬁle format, and UDP for logging.

ition tab and select the logging

52 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Operating basic

7. To stop measure

ment data logging, tap

the Disable Log control on both tabs.

Logging mode continues to operate when you change measurements. Changing to a new measurement causes the instrument t

o complete logging the previous measurement type, change to the new measurement, and then continue logging

the new measurement in the same log ﬁle. This feature lets you record several different measurements in a single ﬁle.

Contact Tektronix Customer Support for information about the binary ﬁle structure.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 53

Remote instrume

nt access

Remote instrument access

Remote instrument access lets you:

Remotely control the instrument from a PC (directly or through a network)

Transfer data, measurement, setup, map, and other ﬁles to and from the instrument

Print measurement data and screen shots to a network printer

The two remote access methods are Ethernet and ActiveSync. An Ethernet connection is much faster than a ActiveSync connection but the ActiveSync connection is better for instrument-to-PC ﬁle interchange. Each access method requires unique conﬁguration steps, which are described in the following sections.

Conﬁgure the instrument network settings

1. Work with your network administrator to determine the IP address of the SA2500 instrument. If the network has DHCP

enabled, the instrument will automatically obtain an IP address when powered on and connected to the network. If your network do provide you with an address.

2. Connect a standard Ethernet cable from the instrument to a network connector. You can do this before or after powering on the instrument.

es not support DHCP, or you need a ﬁxed IP address for your instrument, have your system administrator

3. On the instrument, tap Start > Settings > Network and Dial-up Connections. The instrument network interface

dasENDS4ISA1.

is liste

54 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Remote instrume

4. Double-tap the ENDS4ISA1 icon to open CSA8900 Settings dialog box:

If your instrument is using DHCP to obtain an IP address, and the Obtain an IP address via DHCP button is set, you do not need

any further network conﬁguration. Close the dialog box.

nt access

If the instrum information. If you are assigning or changing the instrument ﬁxed IP address, tap the Specify an IP address button and enter the appropriate address settings and then tap OK.

5. Close the Network Connections window.

6. On the instrument, tap Start > Programs > Communication > Virtual CE to open the Virtual CE application.

7. Ta p Conﬁgure and select WAN/Internet or LAN from the list. If you need added security for network access from the

instrument

You can now u

ent has already been assigned a ﬁxed IP address, the address ﬁelds should show the address

,settheRequire a password for LAN check box and enter a password.

se the network functions to remotely control the instrument, access network ﬁles or print to a network printer.

Network functions

Use Virtual CE to remotely control the instrument over the network from a PC. (See page 59, Remote control using

Virtual CE.)

Mount sharable network drives that the instrument can access to upload or download ﬁles. For example, double-tap

the My Device icon on the main instrument screen on the desktop. Then enter the full path to the network drive in the Address ﬁeld. You may be prompted for a user name, password, and domain name.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 55

Remote instrume

Redirect printer output to a network printer. For example, select File > Print on the instrument to print the current measurement sc printer in the Net Path ﬁeld. You may be prompted for a user name, password, and domain name.

Access the Web from the instrument Web browser (Start > Programs > Internet Explorer). This is a simpliﬁed version of Microsoft Internet Explorer, so it does not have all the capabilities of that of the PC Internet Explorer.

nt access

reen. Select PCL Laser in the Printer ﬁeld, Network in the Port ﬁeld, and the path to the network

Conﬁgure the

NOTE. An ActiveSync connection to the instrument is ava ilable on Microsoft Windows 2000 and XP. An ActiveSync

connection to the instrument is not available on Microsoft Windows Vista.

1. On the instrument, tap Start > Programs > Communication > Virtual CE to open the Virtual CE application.

2. Ta p Conﬁgure. Select ActiveSync from the list and then tap OK.

3. Close the Virtual CE window.

4. Ta p Start > Settings > Co ntrol Panel > PC Connection. Verify that Allow connection with desktop computer when device is attached is selected, and that Connect using is set to USB Default. Then exit the dialog box.

You can now conﬁgure the ActiveSync settings on the PC and use the A ctiveSync connection functions to remotely control

ument and access instrument ﬁles. (S ee page 57, Conﬁgure ActiveSync on the PC.)

the instr

instrument ActiveSync settings

56 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

ActiveSync connection functions

Use Virtual CE to remotely control the instrument over a USB cable from a PC. (See page 59, Remote control using

Virtual CE.)

Use the ActiveSync Explorer button to open a Windows Explorer window. You can then use s tandard Windows

operations to copy or move ﬁles between the instrument and the PC. Copying ﬁles between the instrument and a PC is signiﬁcantly easier using ActiveSync than using a network connection.

Conﬁgure ActiveSync on the PC

Remote instrume

nt access

The PC must register the SA2500 USB port as a valid slave port before you can establish an ActiveSync connection from the instrument to the PC. You only need to register the instrument USB slave port once on each PC to use the USB port for ActiveSync connections.

1. Use your Web browser to go to www.tektronix.com/software.

2. Enter SA2500 usb in the Search by keyword ﬁeld.

3. Click the USB SLAVE DEVICE PC REGISTRATION UTILITY > Software Downloads link, then click on the Download

File link.

4. Log in to the myTek software ﬁnder and follow on-screen instructions to register/log in and download the US B slave

device utility to a PC.

e instrument USB port

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 57

Remote instrume

5. Unzip the downloaded ﬁle and double-click the RegisterUSBSlaveDevice.exe ﬁle. Follow any on-screen instructions.

6. To complete the USB port registration process, power on the SA2500 and install a USB cable between the PC and the

instrument. T prompted, select to install the SW automatically. Verify that the installation process completes without error. You only need to run this step one time after running the U SB port registration tool.

nt access

ypically, the PC opens a “Found New Hardware Wizard” dialog box. Step through the dialog boxes and, if

Install and c

USB connectivity requires Microsoft ActiveSync (version 3.7 through 4.5). If your PC does not have the correct version of ActiveSync installed, do the following:

1. Use your Web browser to go to the Microsoft Web site and locate the ActiveSync software download page.

2. Select ActiveSync version 4.5 and follow instructions on how to install the software. You may need to reboot your PC

after installing ActiveSync.

3. Right-click on the ActiveSync icon in the PC task bar and select Connection Settings. Verify the following settings before clicking OK:

onﬁgure Microsoft ActiveSync

Allow USB Connections is selected

Allow connections to one of the following: is not selected (cleared)

This computer is connected to: is set to Automatic

Open ActiveSync when my device connects is selected

Establish an ActiveSync connection

1. Power o

2. When th

the instrument. Connect to the PC ﬁrst, then to the i nstrument. The ActiveSync program on the PC detects the USB connection and connects to the instrument, as indicated by the ActiveSync icon in the PC taskbar.

n the SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer.

e instrument startup procedure is done, connect a USB cable (Master to Slave cable type) between the PC and

3. To verify the ActiveSync connection, open the ActiveSync application and click Explore on the toolbar. ActiveSync opens

ows Explorer dialog box that shows the top level of folders on the instrument. You can use the Windows Explorer

aWind to navigate to ﬁles on the instrument and select them for copying or moving.

4. You can now also use Virtual CE to remotely control the instrument using the ActiveSync connection. (See page 59, Remote control using Virtual CE.)

58 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Remote control using Virtual CE

Virtual CE is a program that gives you remote access to th e SA 2500 screen. You use the PC mouse to click on the virtual instrument screen controls to operate the remote instrument or access the instrument desktop. Virtual CE is already installed on the instrument; the following procedure is for installing Virtual CE on a PC.

Install and conﬁgureVirtualCEonaPC

NOTE. The Virtual CE program on the SA2500 cannot interface directly over a USB cable, as there is no USB selection

in the program's conﬁguration list. However, the Virtual CE tool on the SA2500 does support an ActiveSync connection, which can use a USB cable.

The PC version of Virtual CE supports an ActiveSync connection. However, the ActiveSync selection in Virtual CE does not work from Microsoft Windows Vista. Therefore you can only use ActiveSync to interface with the instrument over a USB cable from Microsoft Windows 2000 or XP.

1. Use your Web browser to go to www.tektronix.com/software.

2. Enter virtualce in the Search by keyword ﬁeld.

3. Click the VIRTUALCE PC APPLICATION INSTALLATION FILE > Softw are Downloads link , then click on the

Download File link.

Remote instrume

nt access

4. Follow the on-screen instructions to register/log in and download the Virtual CE utility.

5. Unzip the downloaded ﬁle and double-click the Install_VirtualCE.exe ﬁle. Follow any on-screen instructions.

6. Select Start > Programs > Tektronix > Virtual CE > Virtual CE to start the program.

7. Click Conﬁgure and select the applicable connection type (LAN, WAN/Internet,orActiveSync).

Run Virtual CE on the i nstrument and PC

1. Make sure that you have a working Ethernet or ActiveSync/USB remote connection between the PC and the SA2500

instrument.

2. On the instrument, tap Start > Programs > Communication > Virtual CE.TaptheConﬁgure button and verify that the

icable connection type is selected (LAN, WAN/Internet, or ActiveSync).

appl

3. On th

4. On t

5. To u

e instrument, tap the Virtual CE button in the task bar at the bottom of the screen to minimize the Virtual CE screen.

he PC, click Start > Programs > Tektronix > Virtual CE > Virtual CE. Click the Conﬁgure button and verify that it

is set to the same type of connection as set in step 2. If you are using a network connection, verify that the IP address listed above the Conﬁgure button is correct. The PC Virtual CE should establish communications with the instrument and

w the instrument screen in the Virtual CE window on the PC.

sho

se the SA2500 remote application control capability, on the PC start the SA2500 application in the Virtual CE

window (if the application is not already running). The instrument starts the application and the Virtual CE window on the PC shows the application interface. You can now control all instrument functions from the PC by using the mouse

select and click on instrument controls.

close the remote access, exit the Virtual CE application on both the instrument and the PC, in any order. Or unplug

6. To

the Ethernet or USB cable from the instrument.

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 59

Speciﬁcations

Speciﬁcation

This section lists the electrical, environmental, and physical speciﬁcations for the SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer. All speciﬁcations are guaranteed unless labeled “Typical.” Typical speciﬁcations are provided for your convenience and are not guaranteed.

Table 1: General performance characteristics

Characteristic

RF Input

Operating Frequency Range

Maximum Operating Input Level

Maximum Input Power without Damage

IF Output

Output Impedance 50 Ω

IF Center Frequency

IF 3 dB Bandwidth 24 MHz nominal

IF Output Level –12 dBm @ 1.0 GHz

IF Output Level Accuracy, Typical

IF Output Flatness, Typical

Internal Timebase

Error, Factory Calibration Corrected

Error, GPS corrected, Typical

Error, after GPS Lock Loss, Typical

External Reference Input

Impedance

Description

10 kHz – 6.2 GHz

Operating Range for some features may be restricted. If so, the restricted range is deﬁned with the relevant feature.

+20 dBm peak envelope power

This is the maximum input level at which the instrument will meet its performance speciﬁcations.

For a signal without any amplitude variation, peak envelope power = RMS.

50 W rms below 3.2 GHz

15 W rms between 3.2 GHz and 6.2 GHz

140 MHz, non-inverted

–12 dBm @ 1.2 GHz –10 dBm @ 1.6 GHz –11 dBm @ 4.35 GHz –16 dBm @ 5.0 GHz –22 dBm @ 5.75 GHz

0 dBm CW signal applied to the input, instrument reference level set to 0 dBm, room temperature.

± 3.5 dB for a CW input signal, 0 dBm input, 1 GHz input frequency, 0 dBm reference level, room temperature

± 1.5 dB up to ± 3 MHz from center frequency ± 3 dB up to ± 10 MHz from center frequency

±0.5PPMfrom0°Cto50°C ± 1.0 PPM aging/year

Twenty minute warm-up period required to meet accuracy speciﬁcation

± 0.01 ppm

± 0.03 ppm, 10 minute interval after lock loss (unit operated for > 20 minutes before lock loss and < ± 5 °C temperature change over interval)

1500 Ω

60 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Table 1: General performance characteristics (cont.)

Frequency Range 1 MHz up to 20 MHz ± 1 PPM in 1 MHz steps

Input Level Range –15 dBm to +15 dBm, 1 MHz to 15 MHz

–10 dBm to +15 dBm, 16 M Hz to 20 MHz

dBm levels assume 50 Ω source

Triggering

Acquisition Mode

Trigger Source

Trigger Types

Trigger Delay Range: 0 to 60 seconds

Trigger Position

IF Level Trigger

Trigger Threshold Range: –160 dBm to +20 dBm

Trigger Bandwidth Range

Timing/Trigger External Trigger Input Characteristics

Internal Timebase Trigger

Trigger Time Modes

Single or Continuous, Free Run or Triggered

Trigger disabled during Audio Demod, Signal Strength, and DPX measurements

IF Level, External Input, or Internal Timebase

Trigger on rising edge, falling edge, above threshold level, or below threshold level

Resolution: 1 μs

Range: 0 to 100%

Resolution: 1%

The IF Level trigger compares the power amplitude of the digitized time-domain data-stream against the threshold setting.

Resolution: 1 dB

5 kHz to 20 MHz in 1-2-5 sequence 10 MHz < Span ≤ 20 MHz: trigger BW = 20 MHz 5 MHz < Span ≤ 10 MHz: trigger BW = 10 MHz 2 MHz < Span ≤ 5 MHz: trigger BW = 5 MHz 1 MHz < Span ≤ 2 MHz: trigger BW = 2 MHz 500 kHz < Span ≤ 1 MHz: trigger BW = 1 MHz 200 kHz < Span ≤ 500 kHz: trigger BW = 500 kHz 100 kHz < Span ≤ 200 kHz: trigger BW = 200 kHz 50 kHz < Span ≤ 100 kHz: trigger BW = 100 kHz 20 kHz < Span ≤ 50 kHz: trigger BW = 50 kHz 10 kHz < Span ≤ 20 kHz: trigger BW = 20 kHz 5kHz<Span≤ 10 kHz: trigger BW = 10 kHz

2.5 kHz < Span ≤ 5 kHz: trigger BW = 5 kHz

Spectrum mode only: Span ≤ 2.5 kHz: trigger BW = 2.5 kHz

Impedance: 10 kΩ Minimum High Threshold: 2.0 V Maximum Low Threshold: 0.8 V Minimum High Time: 10 ns Minimum Low Time: 10 ns Maximum Input Level without Damage: ±5 V peak continuous Coupling: DC

The Internal Timebase Trigger generates a trigger event at a user-speciﬁed time.

Single Trigger on Time

Repeat Trigger at Interval

Both (Trigger on Time with Repeat Interval)

Speciﬁcations

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 61

Speciﬁcations

Table 1: General performance characteristics (cont.)

Measurement Result Timestamps

Timestamp Value

Accuracy, GPS reference, Typical

Accuracy, Relative, Typical

GPS Position

Position Update Rate 1 update per second

Position Units

Position Resulution

Position Accuracy

Trigger Time Units: hours, minutes, seconds, microseconds

Range: 0 to 23:59:59.999999

Resolution: 1 μs

Repeat Interval Units: seconds, microseconds

Range: 0 to 600.999999 sec

Resolution: 1 μs

Units: years, months, days, hours, minutes, seconds, ms/ns

Resolution: 1 ms, before ﬁrst GPS lock obtained, 1 ns, after ﬁrst GPS lock obtained

± 1000 ns, all measurements except DPX Spectrum

± 1 ms, DPX Spectrum

Internal GPS lock required

± 500 ns

Internal GPS lock required

Identical Span (AcqBW) setting required for measurement results.

Latitude/Longitude: degrees, minutes, seconds

Altitude: meters

Latitude/Longitude: 0.001 second

Altitude: 0.01 meter

Horizontal: R < 9 meters (P=90%)

Altitude: H < 18 meters (P=90%)

Where P is the percent of reported positions that fall within R meters horizontal radius and +/-H meters vertical distance from the exact position location

Table 2: Spectrum analyzer characteristics

Characteristic

Center Frequency

Range

Setting Resolution

Span

Range

Setting Resolution

Resolution Bandwidth

Range

Setting Resolution

Spectral Purity

62 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Description

10 kHz to 6.2 GHz, preamp off

10 MHz to 6.2 GHz, preamp on

1Hz

1kHzto6.2GHz

1Hz

10 Hz to 3 MHz (Manual RBW) 10 Hz to 1 MHz (Auto RBW)

1Hz

Table 2: Spectrum analyzer characteristics (cont.)

Speciﬁcations

Displayed Average Noise Level, Preamp On

–153 dBm, 10 MHz to 2 GHz, 10 Hz RBW –152 dBm, 2 GHz to 4 GHz, 10 Hz RBW –151 dBm, 4 to 5 GHz, 10 Hz RBW –145 dBm, 5 to 6.2 GHz, 10 Hz RBW Reference Level ≤ (DANL + 90 dB)

Phase Noise

≤ –95 dBc/Hz @ 10 kHz offset ≤ –95 dBc/Hz @ 20 kHz offset ≤ –95 dBc/Hz @ 30 kHz offset ≤ –97 dBc/Hz @ 100 kHz offset ≤ –110 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz offset

Residual Spurious, Preamp Off

≤ –90 dBm, 0 dBm a ttenuator setting

Exception frequencies: 9 MHz to 19 MHz center frequency 3464 MHz center frequency 4592 MHz center frequency 5374 MHz to 5378 MHz center frequency 6160 MHz center frequency

Residual Spurious, Preamp On

≤ –105 dBm, 0 dBm attenuator setting

Exception frequencies: 9 MHz to 19 MHz center frequency 5374 MHz to 5378 MHz center frequency

Third Order IMD ≤ –70 dBc for two tones at or below the reference level, preamp off, all gain settings

Auto-coupled

Second Harmonic ≤ –60 dBc for a single tone at or below the reference level, preamp off, all gain settings

Auto-coupled

Input Related Spurious

≤–70 dBc except for F

The reference for 'dBc' for this speciﬁcation is the total power of all signals present at the input

= 2.282 GHz ± 20 MHz

of the instrument regardless of the current span

Input Related Spurious, exception frequencies, Typical

≤ –55 dBc except for F

= 2.282 GHz ± 20 MHz

The reference for “dBc” for this speciﬁcation is the total power of all signals present at the input of the instrument regardless of the current span

Third Order Intercept ≥ +7 dBm, 0 dB Input Attenuation, Preamp Off

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 63

Speciﬁcations

Table 2: Spectrum analyzer characteristics (cont.)

Spectral Display Amplitude

Display

Reference Level Range and Units

Marker Power Accuracy

Display Modes Normal - updates display with each new result

Number of Averages

Range: +20 dBm to –160 dBm

Units: dBm, dBmV, dBuV, dBV, dBW, V, W

±1.75 dB, –50 dBm ≤ input ≤ +20 dBm, preamp off

±3.0 dB, –80 dBm ≤ input < –50 dBm, preamp on, above 10 MHz

±3.75 dB, –120 dBm ≤ input < –80 dBm, preamp on, above 10 MHz

Use peak detector for CW-like signals; use average detector for wideband (signal >> RBW)

Accuracy guaranteed for CW signals and span set to 20 MHz or less

Max Hold - updates displayed point only if new point > old Min Hold - updates displayed point only if new point < old Max/MinHold-displaysavertical bar between Max Hold and Min Hold Average - displays average of N (speciﬁed by user) acquisitions

Average is calculated as follows:

Last N values are saved in memory; when a new result is available, the earliest result of the N stored values is discarded, the new result is added to the stored values, and a new average is calculated from the stored values If the number of results is less than N, then all of the results are averaged together

1 ≤ N ≤ 200

Table 3: DPX measurement processing characteristics

Characteristic

Spectrum Processing Rate, Typical

Minimum Signal Duration for 100% Probability of Intercept, Typical

Span Range

RBW Settings RBW = Span/200

Description

2,500 per second (span independent)

Instruments with Option EP1: 10,000 per second (span independent)

500 μs

Instruments with Option EP1: 125 μs

5kHzto20MHz

64 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Table 4: General purpose RF measurements characteristics

Speciﬁcations

Characteristi

General Purpo

Measurement Bandwidth Ra

Accuracy ≤1.2 dB; +20 dBm to –60 dBm; Resolution BW < 100 kHz

Occupied Bandwidth Measurement

Percent Power Inclusion Range

se RF Channel Power Measurement

nge

Description

1kHz–20MHz

+20 dBm to –40 1MHzto3.2GHz,preampoff

≤2 .4 dB; –60 dBm to –75 dBm; Resolution BW < 100 kHz –40 dBm to –5 10 MHz to 3.2 GHz , preamp on

≤1.8 dB; +20 dBm to –50 dBm; Resolution BW < 100 kHz +20 dBm to –

3.2 GHz to 6.2 GHz , preamp off

≤3 dB; –50 dBm to –75 dBm; Resolution B W < 100 kHz –40 dBm to –

3.2 GHz to 6.2 GHz , preamp on

Speciﬁcations apply for default control settings (Auto RBW, Auto Level)

50% - 100% in 1% steps

dBm; Resolution BW ≥ 100 kHz

5 dBm; Resolution BW ≥ 100 kHz

40 dBm; Resolution BW ≥ 100 kHz

55 dBm; Resolution BW ≥ 100 kHz

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 65

Speciﬁcations

Table 4: General purpose RF measurements characteristics (cont.)

RF Field Strength

Table 5: Amplitude vs. time characteristics

Characteristic Description

Center Frequency

Span

Range 5 kHz to 20 MHz in 1-2-5 sequence

Channel Bandwidth Range

Accuracy

Range

Resolution 1 Hz

Same as Channel Power

Minimum center frequency = 10 kHz + Span / 2, preamp off

Minimum center frequency = 10 MHz, preamp on

Maximum center frequency = 6.2 GHz

Sample rate is automatically set based on the span selection

66 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Speciﬁcations

Characteristi

Acquisition Length

Range 1024 to 1024000 samples

Time Display

Reference L and Units

Marker Power Accuracy

Display

Detector Types

Trace Ty

Number of Averages

Export I/Q Data I/Q data from can be exported in the following formats:

Amplitude

evel Range

pes

Description

36 μs to 149 seconds, depending on span and number of samples

Span setting a

Sample rate is automatically set based on span selection

+20 dBm to –160 dBm

dBm, dBmV, d

±1.8 dB, –50

± 3.0 dB, –75 dBm ≤ input < –40 dBm, preamp on, above 10 MHz

Average: +Peak: One display point represents the maximum value of a group of data points –Peak: One display point represents the minimum value of a group of data points +Peak/–P of data points

Normal: Max Hold: updates displayed point only if new point > old

Min Hold: updates displayed point only if new point < old Max/Mi Average: displays average of N (speciﬁed by user) acquisitions

1 ≤ N ≤ 20

IQT: in-phase and quadrature phase data for post-processing with RSAVu CSV: c MAT: Matlab®-compatible ﬁle format

nd number of samples selected determine the acquisition length

BuV,dBV,dBW,V,W

dBm ≤ input ≤ +20 dBm, preamp off

One display point represents the average value of a group of data points

eak: One vertical bar represents the maximum and minimum values of a group

updates display with each new result

n Hold: displays a vertical bar between Max H old and Min Hold

omma-separated values in ASCII format

Table 6: Signal analysis and monitoring characteristics

Characteristic

AM Demodulation

Measurement Frequency

Minimum Input Signal Level, Typical

Audio Measurement Bandwidth

FM Demodulation

Measurement Frequency

Minimum Signal Level, Typical

Maximum Signal Deviation

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 67

Description

Provides an audio output signal after AM demodulation of the user-selected signal

As previously selected

-100 dBm

8kHz

Provides an audio output signal after FM demodulation of the user-selected signal

As previously selected

-100 dBm

Up to 100 kHz

Speciﬁcations

Table 6: Signal analysis and monitoring characteristics (cont.)

Audio Measurement Bandwidth

Maximum Audio Output Bandwidth

Signal Strength Indicator

Input Signal Level

Measurement Frequency

Measurement Bandwidth

Tone Type

Update Rate, Typical 10 per second

8kHz,15kHz,75kHz,or200kHz

15 kHz

Provides both an audio tone and a visual display that are related to the strength of the user selected signal

-120 dBm, minimum

As previously selected

Up to 20 MHz, dependent upon span and RBW setting

Variable beep rate or variable frequency

68 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Table 7: Environmental characteristics

Speciﬁcations

Characteristi

Temperature

Humidity

Altitude

Description

Operating: 0 °

Nonoperating: –40 °C to +60 °C

The temperature specs above are modiﬁed with the following options installed:

Li-Ion Batte

Operating a RH above +30 °C up to +50 °C, noncondensing

Operating: Up to 4,600 meters (15,092 feet)

Nonoperating: Up to 12,192 meters (40,000 feet)

ries: Charge 0 °C to + 45 °C, Storage –20 °C to +60 °C

nd Nonoperating: 5% to 95% relative humidity (RH) at up to +30 °C, 5% to 45%

Table 8: Physical characteristics

Characte

Dimensions

Weight

ristic

Descript

Height: 2

Width: 33 cm. (13 in)

Depth: 12.5 cm. (4.8 in)

6.0 kg (13.25 lbs): instrument and 1 battery

ion

5.5 cm. (10.0 in)

Table 9: Miscellaneous characteristics

teristic

Charac

Recommended

ument Calibration

Instr Interval

Descri

2 years

ption

C to +50 °C speciﬁed performance, –10 °C to +50 °C, typical

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 69

Speciﬁcations

70 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Index

Symbols and Numbers

? button, 18

AC adapter requirements, 2 AC adapter, AC/DC adapter connection, 11 Accessories (standard), 1 Active GPS ActiveSync

Adapter, AC, connecting, 5 Add signal standards to selection

Add signal types to selection lists, 20 Altitude speciﬁcations, 2 Ampliﬁe

ArcInfo Shape (.shp) map ﬁle, 51 Attenu

AutoLevel button, 15 Automa

connecting, 5

(deﬁnition), 41

conﬁgure instrument

settings,

establish connection, 58 PC install and conﬁgure, 58 verify su

lists, 1

r setting (RF input

signal), 14

ator setting (RF input

signal), 14

tic iMap measurements, 48

pported version, 58

Battery

charge status, 11

ge times, 5

char charging, 5 compartment door location, 11

alling, 4

inst maintenance and handling, 6

Bitmap (DPX), 24

map ﬁle (iMap), 41

Bit BMP, 41

Button

AutoLevel, 15, 21 display mark FEXT, 13 F GPS, 13 FINT, 13 Freq, 21 front trace, 16 GPS status, help, 18 Help, 13 iMap log me iMap mapping mode, 17 log measurements (iMap), 48 measureme measurement mode

measurem

move display, 16 Pause, 1 power on/standby, 11 Ref Level, 15, 21 reset, 1 reset measurement, 16 RF input signal

Run, 13 span, 15 spectr spectrogram measurement

spect

undo display action, 16 zoom d

ers, 16

asurements, 48

nt frequency, 15

buttons, 17

ent reference

frequency status, 13

ttenuation, 14

gain/a

ogram, 16

mode, 17

rum measurement

mode, 17

isplay, 16

Calibrate the touch screen, 8 Change

ctrum frequency span, 21

spe

Changing

application screen colors for

nting, 10

pri

numbers in ﬁelds, 18

Charging the batteries, 5

eaning the instrument and

touch-screen, 3

Color schemes (user interface), 10 Command bar, 13 Concepts (to Conﬁgure instrument network

Connecting t Connectors

Conventio Converting maps to GSF, 51

uch screen), 8

settings, 54

he AC adapter, 5

FREQ REF IN, 12 GPS, 12 IF OUT, 12 input & output, 12 RF IN, 12 signal input/output, 12 TRIGGER/TIMING IN, 12

ns used in this manual, xi

Declare

a region, 37

declare None, 37 Permitted, 37 Unautho Unknown, 37

Declare a region (signal

classi

Deﬁne a signal classiﬁcation

region, 33

Deﬁni

active GPS receiver, 41 grid map, 41

image Delete a direction arrow (iMap), 47 Delete measurement icons

(iMa Dimensions, 2 Direction arrow (iMap), 46

ction arrow, how to delete

Dire

(iMap), 47 Display a DPX spectrum, 24

play a spectrogram, 22

Dis Display markers button, 16 Displaying

asp

power on/off status, 11 Documentation, viii

t Persistence (DPX), 25

rized, 37

ﬁcation), 37

tion

map, 41

p), 45

ectrum waveform, 21

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 71

Index

DPX Spectrum

Bitmap, 24 Bitmap tab, 25 display control buttons, 16 Dot Persisten Hit percent, 24, 25 how to display, 24 Inﬁnite pers Intensity ﬁeld, 25 Max setting, 25 Min setting, overview, 24 Persistence, 24

Variable pe Drawer buttons, 15 Drawing a measurement direction

arrow (iMa

ce, 25

istence setting, 25

rsistence setting, 25

p), 46

Edit a signal classiﬁcation region, 35 Electrical storm, preventing personal

injury, x Enabling

signal standards, 19

signal t Entering numbers in ﬁelds, 18 Erase a direction arrow (iMap), 47 Etherne External RF input signal ampliﬁer, 14 External RF input signal attenuator

settin External timing reference signal

input, 12

ypes, 20

t connector (RJ-45), 12

g, 14

utton, 15

Freq b FREQ REF IN connector, 12 Frequency span (spectrum), 21

t trace button, 16

Fron Functional veriﬁcation, 7

Getting help, 18

bal Measurement controls, 15

Glo GPS and maps, 41 GPS connector, 12

status button, 13

GPS GPS, active, deﬁnition, 41 Grid map (iMap), 41

sf, 41

.g GSF, 41

GSF, converting maps to, 51

Headphone jac Help

accessing online help, 18

button, 13 Hit percent (DPX), 24, 25 Humidity operation speciﬁcations, 2

k, 12

I/O port loc IF OUT connector, 12 IF Output

Image map (iMap), 41 iMap

iMap Converter, 51 Increment control, 18

door color scheme, 10

ations, 11

enabling,

usage tips, 30

change the direction of a

delete a d

delete measurement icons, 45

draw a measurement direction

erase a direction arrow, 47

icon types, 44

log measurements button, 48

logging measurements, 48

map con

map ﬁle concepts, 41

mapping a measurement, 43

mappi

measurement icon types, 44

measurement icons, delete, 45

measu

move a measurement icon, 44

overview, 40

plot

remove a direction arrow, 47

star

take automatic map

vie

view measurement values of an

direction arrow, 46

irection arrow, 47

arrow, 4

a measurement on a

map, 43

t iMap mode, 40

measurements, 48

w measurement icon

values, 45

ico

amapﬁle, 42

version, 51

ng mode button, 17

rement mapping, 43

n, 45

Inﬁnite persistence setting (DPX), 25 Input ﬁeld entr Input signal characteristics, 2 Input voltage requirements, 2 Input/Output Installing batteries, 4 Instrument cleaning, 3 Instrument c Instrument elements, 11 Instrument measurement options, x Instrument U

PC, 57

Instrument-to-PC ﬁle

interchang

Intensity ﬁeld (DPX), 25

y controls, 18

connectors, 12

onnectors, 11

SB port, register on

e, 54

Key features, viii Keypad but

ton, 18

Lightning, preventing personal

injury, xii

Load a re

Loading a map ﬁle (iMap), 42 Log meas

Logging iMap measurements, 48

gion summary (signal

classiﬁcation), 39

urements button

(iMap), 48

e concepts (iMap), 41

Map ﬁl Map ﬁle conversion program, 51 MapInfo Interchange Format (.mif)

e, 51

map ﬁl Mapping a measurement, 43 Max setting (DPX), 25

72 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Index

Measurement

delete a measur

arrow (iMap), 47 display control buttons, 16 draw a measure

arrow (iMap), 46 drawers, 13 iMap icon typ mapping a measurement

(iMap), 43 mode buttons reference frequency s tatus

button, 13 results scr select measurement to

display, 20 view iMap m

values, 45

Measurement options, x Menus, 13 Microphone input, 12 .mif, 41 MIF, 41 Min setting (DPX), 25 Move a measurement icon

(iMap),

Move signal display button, 16

ement direction

ment direction

es, 44

, 13, 17

een, 13

easurement icon

Off (power), 7 On (pow Online help, 18 Opening SA2500, 10 Operat Operating considerations, 2 Options, software/measurement, x Outdo Overview (iMap), 40

er), 7

ing basics, 19

or color scheme, 10

Parameter entry controls, 18

s of the instrument, 11

Part Pause button, 13 PCMCIA ports, 11

sistence (DPX), 24

Per Plot measurements (iMap), 43

Power

AC adapter requ On/Standby button, 11 powering on and off the

instrument, 7

status panel, 11 Power/Display status, 11 Preventing p

Product features, viii PS/2 keyboar

ersonal injury from

lightning, xii

irements, 2

d connector, 12

Ref Level button, 15 Region

deﬁne a reg

edit a region, 35

load a survey summary, 39

saveasurv

survey summary, 38 Register instrument USB port, 57 Remote ac Remove a direction arrow (iMap), 4 7 Reset button, 11 Reset me RF IN connector, 12 RF input

charact

signal gain/attenuation

ton, 13

Run but Running SA2500, 10

ion, 33

ey summary, 39

cess methods, 54

asurement button, 16

eristics, 2

button, 14

Safety Summary, iii

region summary (signal

Save a

classiﬁcation), 39 Screen display colors, 10

ct a measurement type, 20

Sele Serial RS-232 connector, 12 Set other spectrum parameters, 22

ing

Sett

display colors, 10

signal standards, 19

nal types, 20

sig

Signal classiﬁcation

declare a regio deﬁne a region, 33 edit a region, 35 load a survey s None, 37 Permitted, 37 saveasurvey survey summary, 38 Unauthorized, 37

Unknown, 37 Signal input characteristics, 2 Signal input connectors

Reference F

RF Input, 12

TRIGGER/TIMING IN, 12 Signal sta

Signal types

Software upgrades, ix Span, 21 Span buttons, 15 Speciﬁcations, 60 Spectro

Spectr

Stan Starting SA2500, 10 Status panel, 11 Sur

ndards

add signal standards to

selection lists, 19

enabling,

add signal types to selection

lists, 20

enabling, 20

gram display spectrogram button, 16 dual spectrum/spectrogram

displa how to display, 22 view a data record, 23

um display control buttons, 16 displaying a waveform, 21

ontrols, 13

main c measurement mode button, 17 parameter tabs, 22

equency span, 21

set fr set measurement

frequency, 21

ther spectrum

set o

parameters, 22

set reference level, 21

dard accessories, 1

vey summary (signal

classiﬁcation), 38

n, 37

ummary, 39

summary, 39

requency Input, 12

y, 22

SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual 73

Index

Taking a spectrum measurement, 21 Temperature range operation

speciﬁcation

Thunderstorms, preventing personal

injury, xii

Touch screen

calibrate, 8 concepts, 8

on/off statu Touch-screen cleaning, 3 TRIGGER/TIMING IN connector, 12 Triggering

enabling, 30

usage tips, 31

s, 2

s, 11

Undo displ

ay action button, 16

Unpack the instrument, 1 Upgrades, soft USB Host connector, 12 USB Slave connector, 12 User interfac

color schemes, 10 command bar, 13 measurement measurement mode

measurement

menus, 13 overview, 1 spectrum analyzer controls, 13

USGS Digital Line Graph (.opt) map

ﬁle, 51

Using the touch screen, 8

ware, ix

drawers, 13

buttons, 13

results

screen, 13

Variable persistence setting

(DPX), 25 Verifying ins View a spectrogram record, 23 View measurement icon contents

Virtual CE

trument functionality, 7

(iMap), 45

download, install, conﬁgure, 59

run on PC, 59

Weight, 2

Zoom display button, 16

74 SA2500 Spectrum Analyzer User Manual

Tektronix SA2500 Primary User

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

EMC compliance

Safety compliance

Environmental considerations

Preface

Key features

Instrument software

SA2500 measurement options

Conventions used in this manual

Preventing personal injury from lightning

Installation

Standard accessories

Operating considerations

Installing batteries

Connecting the AC adapter

Charging the batteries

Battery maintenance and handling

Calibrate the touch screen

Setting date and time

Starting the SA2500 spectrum analyzer application

Setting display colors

Instrument elements

Power On/Standby and status panel

Input/Output connectors

The user interface

Getting help

Enable signal standards

Enable signal types

Select a measurement type

Spectrum/Spectrogram measurements

DPX®spectrum display

Amplitude vs. time measurement

IF output

Triggering

iMap measurement mapping mode

Measurement data logging

Remote instrument access

Remote control using Virtual CE