Tapco SQ2 User Manual

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CAUTION AVIS

pag

RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK

DO NOT OPEN

RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE

NE PAS OUVRIR

CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK

DO NOT REMOVE COVER (OR BACK)

NO USER-SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE

REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED PERSONNEL

ATTENTION: POUR EVITER LES RISQUES DE CHOC

ELECTRIQUE, NE PAS ENLEVER LE COUVERCLE. AUCUN

ENTRETIEN DE PIECES INTERIEURES PAR L'USAGER. CONFIER

L'ENTRETIEN AU PERSONNEL QUALIFIE.

AVIS: POUR EVITER LES RISQUES D'INCENDIE OU

D'ELECTROCUTION, N'EXPOSEZ PAS CET ARTICLE

A LA PLUIE OU A L'HUMIDITE

The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol within an equilateral
triangle is intended to alert the user to the presence of uninsulated
“dangerous voltage” within the product’s enclosure that may be
of sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to persons.
Le symbole éclair avec point de flèche à l'intérieur d'un triangle
équilatéral est utilisé pour alerter l'utilisateur de la présence à
l'intérieur du coffret de “voltage dangereux” non isolé d'ampleur
suffisante pour constituer un risque d'éléctrocution.

The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended to
alert the user of the presence of important operating and maintenance
(servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the appliance.
Le point d'exclamation à l'intérieur d'un triangle équilatéral est
employé pour alerter les utilisateurs de la présence d'instructions
importantes pour le fonctionnement et l'entretien (service) dans le
livret d'instruction accom

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

1. Read Instructions — All the safety and operation instructions

should be read before this product is operated.

2. Retain Instructions — The safety and operating instructions
should be kept for future reference.

3. Heed Warnings — All warnings on this product and in these
operating instructions should be followed.

4. Follow Instructions — All operating and other instructions
should be followed.

5. Water and Moisture — This product should not be used near
water – for example, near a bathtub, washbowl, kitchen sink,
laundry tub, in a wet basement, near a swimming pool, etc.

6. Cleaning — Clean only with a dry cloth.

7. Ventilation — This product should be situated so that its location

or position does not interfere with its proper ventilation. For
example, the Component should not be situated on a bed,
sofa, rug, or similar surface that may block any ventilation
openings, or placed in a built-in installation such as a bookcase
or cabinet that may impede the fl ow of air through ventilation
openings.

nant l'appareil.

8. Heat — This product should be situated away from heat
sources such as radiators, or other devices which produce
heat.

9. Power Sources — This product should be connected to a
power supply only of the type described in these operation
instructions or as marked on this product.

10. Power Cord Protection — Power supply cords should be routed
so that they are not likely to be walked upon or pinched
by items placed upon or against them, paying particular
attention to cords at plugs, convenience receptacles, and
the point where they exit this product.

11. Object and Liquid Entry — Care should be taken so that
objects do not fall on, and liquids are not spilled into, this
product.

12. Damage Requiring Service — This product should be serviced
only by qualifi ed service personnel when:

A. The power-supply cord or the plug has been damaged; or
B. Objects have fallen, or liquid has spilled into this product; or
C. This product has been exposed to rain; or
D. This product does not appear to operate normally or

exhibits a marked change in performance; or

E. This product has been dropped, or its chassis damaged.

13. Servicing — The user should not attempt to service this
product beyond those means described in this operating
manual. All other servicing should be referred to the Tapco
Service Department.

14. To prevent electric shock, do not use this polarized plug with
an extension cord, receptacle or other outlet unless the
blades can be fully inserted to prevent blade exposure.

Pour préevenir les chocs électriques ne pas utiliser cette fi che polariseé avec
un prolongateur, un prise de courant ou une autre sortie de courant, sauf si les
lames peuvent être insérées à fond sans laisser aucune pariie à découvert.

15. Grounding or Polarization — Precautions should be taken so
that the grounding or polarization means of this product is not
defeated.

16. Power Precaution — Unplug this product during lightning
storms or when unused for long periods of time.

17. This apparatus does not exceed the Class A/Class B
(whichever is applicable) limits for radio noise emissions
from digital apparatus as set out in the radio interference
regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

ATTENTION —Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques
dépassant las limites applicables aux appareils numériques de class A/de class B
(selon le cas) prescrites dans le règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté
par les ministere des communications du Canada.

PORTABLE CART WARNING

2

Carts and stands - The
Component should be used
only with a cart or stand
that is recommended by
the manufacturer.
A Component and cart
combination should be
moved with care. Quick
stops, excessive force, and
uneven surfaces may cause
the Component and cart
combination to overturn.

WARNING — To reduce

the risk of fi re or electric

shock, do not expose

this appliance to rain or

moisture.

18. Exposure to extremely high noise levels may cause permanent
hearing loss. Individuals vary considerably in susceptibility to
noise-induced hearing loss, but nearly everyone will lose some
hearing if exposed to suffi ciently intense noise for a period of
time. The U.S. Government’s Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA) has specifi ed the permissible noise
level exposures shown in the following chart.

Duration Per Day Sound Level dBA, Typical
In Hours Slow Response Example

8 90 Packed garage concert

6 92

4 95 VW Bus Peace Train

3 97

2 100 Cranked psychedelic tunes

1.5 102

1 105 High speed chase on C.H.I.P.s

0.5 110

0.25 or less 115 Loudest parts at a Heavy Metal concert

According to OSHA, any exposure in excess of these permissible limits
could result in some hearing loss. To ensure against potentially dangerous
exposure to high sound pressure levels, it is recommended that all persons
exposed to equipment capable of producing high sound pressure levels
use hearing protectors while the equipment is in operation. Ear plugs or
protectors in the ear canals or over the ears must be worn when operating
the equipment in order to prevent permanent hearing loss if exposure is in
excess of the limits set forth here.

What me, read a manual?

Before you begin, please make sure you read the Safety Instructions on page 2 and

Getting Started on page 4.

Your new TAPCO
often seen as a sign of weakness to read a manual, along with asking for directions when
lost, but maybe you can read the rest when nobody is looking.

It is important to keep your receipt in a safe place, and not a bad idea to write your
product information here for future reference (i.e., insurance claims, tech support, return
authorization, etc.).

Date of purchase:

Part No. 0009426 Rev. A 1/04
©2004 LOUD Technologies Inc. All Rights Reserved.

®

SQ•2 is designed to set up quickly and operate easily. We know it’s

Product Serial #:

Purchased at:

3

Getting Started

The following steps will help you set up your SQ•2, and get the
levels just right.

SETTINGS:

1. Be sure the SQ•2’s POWER switch is off.

Turn all the controls to their center positions (12 o’clock)

2.

and set all the switches out.

CONNECTIONS:

1. Using balanced or unbalanced cables, connect

your mixer’s main outputs to the SQ•2’s inputs, and
the SQ•2’s outputs to your amplifi er’s (or powered
speakers’) inputs.

If you are using the SQ•2 in a channel’s insert,

connect your mixer’s channel insert to the SQ•2’s
INPUTs and OUTPUTs.

Refer to page 11 to learn how to connect and use

the SIDE CHAIN feature.

LOOK

CLOSER

device where the processed signal is mixed back
with the unprocessed signal, like a reverb or echo.

2. Connect the cables using either XLR or 1/4” TRS

connectors (balanced), or 1/4” TS connectors
(unbalanced).

• The XLR and TRS inputs for each channel are

wired in parallel. Use only one input per channel.

• The XLR and TRS outputs for each channel are

wired in parallel.

• The balanced XLR connectors are wired as

follows:

Pin 1 = shield (ground)

Pin 2 = hot (+)
Pin 3 = cold (–)

• The 1/4” TRS connectors are wired as follows:

Tip = hot (+)

Ring = cold (–)
Sleeve = shield (ground)

3. Plug all the sound system components into suitable

AC outlets, properly grounded and capable of
delivering adequate current.

4. Turn all the equipment on. If you are monitoring the

signal through speakers, turn the power amplifi er
on last to avoid running any pops or thumps
through your speakers.

Note: The SQ•2 Compressor/
Limiter/Gate is designed to be
inserted “in-line” with the signal as
a serial device. This means that the
entire signal is routed through the
processor, in contrast to a parallel

SET THE CONTROLS:

1. Make sure your signal source is turned up and

delivering signal to the SQ•2. The signal should
pass through the SQ•2 unaffected because the
CHAN 1 and 2 IN/OUT buttons are out and the
signal processing circuitry is bypassed.

2. Push in the CHAN 1 and 2 IN/OUT buttons to
enable the gate and compressor circuits. If the
input signal is above –10 dBu, the compressor/
limiter will begin working on the signal because
the THRESHOLD control is set at –10 dBu (center
position). You should see the GAIN REDUCTION
meters indicating the amount of gain reduction
being applied to the signal. Turn down the
THRESHOLD control to see more compression.

3.

If the input signal is below –30 dBu, the gate will

close and attenuate the signal because the
THRESHOLD control is set at –30 dBu (center). Turn
down the GATE THRESHOLD control until the gate
opens (the CLOSE LED will turn off).

4.

Read on to learn how to set each individual

control to get the best performance from your
SQ•2.

Things To Remember:

• When you shut down your
equipment, turn off the amplifi ers
fi rst. When powering up, turn on the
amplifi ers last.

• Save the shipping box and
packing material! You may need it
someday.

4

Contents

Safety Instructions................................................................2

Getting Started....................................................................4

Introduction..........................................................................6

Hookup Diagrams................................................................8

Typical Hookup: In-line with Main Outputs
Alternate Hookup: Individual Channel or Main Inserts

SQ•2 Features .....................................................................9

FRONT PANEL FEATURES .................................................9

REAR PANEL FEATURES..................................................10

GENERAL PRECAUTIONS AND CONSIDERATIONS .....11

Appendix A: Service Information ....................................12

Warranty Service..........................................................12

Troubleshooting............................................................12

Repair ............................................................................13

Appendix B: Connections ................................................14

Appendix C: Technical Info..............................................15

SQ•2 Specifi cations ....................................................15

SQ•2 Block Diagram....................................................16

TAPCO LIMITED WARRANTY...............................................19

.....................8

..8

GATE ...........................................................................9

1. THRESHOLD.......................................................9

2. CLOSE LED .......................................................9

COMPRESSOR/LIMITER..............................................9

3. THRESHOLD.......................................................9

4. RATIO.................................................................9

5. ATTACK..............................................................9

6. RELEASE ............................................................9

7. AUTO IN/OUT....................................................9

8. OUTPUT..............................................................9

9. CHAN IN/OUT...................................................9

AIR Filter ...................................................................10

10. LEVEL.............................................................10

11. GAIN REDUCTION Meters.................................10

12. POWER Switch...................................................10

13. Line Cord Socket and Fuse..............................10

14. AC Select Switch ..............................................10

15. OUTPUT...............................................................11

16. INPUT ..................................................................11

17. SIDE CHAIN .......................................................11

Rack Mounting........................................................11

Thermal Considerations .........................................11

AC Power Considerations......................................11

Don’t forget to visit our website at www.tapcogear.com

for more information about this and other TAPCO products.

5

Introduction

Thank you for choosing a TAPCO® Squeez™ dynamics processor
by Mackie
Corporation, Greg Mackie’s fi rst company. TAPCO revolutionized
the audio industry back in 1969 with the very fi rst 6-channel mixer
specifi cally designed for keyboards and rock ‘N’ roll PA.

In essence, TAPCO redefi ned the price performance ratio and made
high-quality professional audio mixers accessible to virtually anyone.
Today, TAPCO is reborn with the same ideals and is backed by the
world-class engineering and manufacturing horsepower of Mackie. The
TAPCO SQ•2 is the fi rst compressor/limiter/gate processor in the TAPCO
by Mackie

®

. The TAPCO product line hails back to the days of TAPCO

®

family.

TAPCO version of Greg

About Dynamic Processing

The human ear has an incredible dynamic range (the difference between the softest
and the loudest sounds) and can detect anything from the sound of a butterfl y sneeze
(0 dB SPL, the threshold of hearing) to the sound of the space shuttle taking off (140 dB
SPL, very painful without hearing protection). Audio electronics would like to be able to
duplicate this dynamic range, but current technology falls somewhat short.

Audio electronics introduces another limitation to dynamic range: noise. Even the best
designed audio circuits produce noise due to the physics of electrons moving through
conductors and resistors. It’s called thermal noise, and produces that low level hiss you hear
when you turn the volume controls all the way up on a mixer or on your stereo system at
home.

An experienced sound engineer knows that the louder the mix, the less perceptible the
noise fl oor, because the louder sounds mask the noise. However, mixing at loud levels brings
the signal closer to the point of clipping, where the signal can go no larger. Ideally, you
would like to provide 10 to 20 dB of headroom between the nominal operating level and
the clipping point, to provide a cushion for transient peaks (bass drum beats and cymbal
crashes, for example) to get through without clipping. But then the soft passages may
become too quiet and the noise fl oor becomes a factor. Enter dynamic processing.

The Compressor/Limiter

Wouldn’t it be nice if you could have a hand on the faders and be able to quickly
reduce the volume on the bass drum and cymbals every time they approached clipping,
then quickly return them to their normal levels? A compressor does exactly that. Set the
threshold control to the point where you want the signal to stop getting any louder, and
set the ratio control to regulate the amount of attenuation applied to the signal when it
goes above the threshold. When the ratio control is turned all the way up, it becomes a
limiter and the signal stops getting any louder when it reaches the threshold. The attack
and release controls are used to control how fast the compressor kicks in when the signal
crosses the threshold and how fast it stops acting on the signal when it drops below the
threshold. You can experiment with these controls to get the most natural sound, or simply
push in the AUTO button and the SQ•2 automatically adjusts the attack and release
according to the dynamics of the signal.

TAPCO van (a.k.a. micro bus)

6

The Gate/Expander

Typically, a gate is used to turn off a channel when there is no signal to reduce the
overall noise level of the mix. When the signal drops below a certain level determined
by the threshold control, it is turned off. When the signal comes back up and crosses the
threshold, the level returns to normal. One problem with using a gate is that if the threshold
is set too low, ambient sounds will cause the gate to turn on and off, which can be audible,
and if the threshold is set too high, as a sound fades it will suddenly drop out, resulting in an
unatural fade.

Downward expansion can help solve this problem. When the signal level falls below the
threshold, it is slightly attenuated. The further the signal falls below the threshold, the more
it is attenuated. The expander in the SQ•2 automatically adjusts the ratio of the expansion
based on the type of program that it sees.

The Squeez Series™ of processors are powerful and tough. They are designed to
withstand the punishing rigors of the road and continue to perform day after day, year
after year.

Here’s a quick glance at the features packed into the SQ•2:

• 2-channel compressor/gate with smooth, musical sound

• Automatic Soft Knee/Hard Knee curves depending on the compression setting

• Adjustable AIR Filter to enhance the high frequencies after compression

• Soft Gate/Expander for imperceptible gating

• Individual Threshold, Ratio, Attack, and Release controls on each channel

• Output gain compensation control on each channel to add gain back to the compressed signal

• Auto Attack/Release button with indicator on each channel

• Individual IN/OUT button with indicator for each channel

• Precision 8-segment gain reduction meters

• Balanced/unbalanced 1/4" TRS and XLR line input and output jacks

• Side Chain connections

• Selectable line voltage

7

Hookup Diagrams

Typical Hookup:

In-line with Main Outputs

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LEFT AND RIGHT MAIN OUTPUTS

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SQ•2 Features

BY

678910

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GATE COMPRESSOR / LIMITER COMPRESSOR / LIMITER

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FRONT PANEL FEATURES

The controls for Channels 1 and 2 are the same, so

these descriptions apply to both channels.

GATE

1. THRESHOLD

Use this control to set the point where the gate
begins to attenuate the signal. It ranges from OFF (no
gating action) to +10 dBu.

When the signal drops below the level indicated by
the knob setting, the gate “closes” and the adaptive
gain reduction of the downward expander kicks in.

2. CLOSE LED

This LED lights when the signal drops below the
threshold and the gate “closes.” It indicates that the
gate is working.

COMPRESSOR/LIMITER

3. THRESHOLD

This control is used to set the point where the
compressor begins to attenuate the signal. It ranges
from –40 to +20 dBu.

As the input level increases, the output level
increases linearly until the threshold point is reached.
When the signal rises above the level indicated by
the THRESHOLD knob setting, the compressor begins
to act on the signal and the output level no longer
increases linearly. Instead it increases at a reduced
rate determined by the ratio setting.

4. RATIO

The RATIO control determines the change in output
level as a function of the change in input level, once
the threshold has been crossed. It ranges from 1:1 (off)
to LIM (full compression), where the compressor acts
as a peak limiter and the signal stops increasing once
it crosses the threshold.

As an example of how the compressor works, if the
RATIO is set to 2 (2:1), an increase in the input level
of 10 dB results in a 5 dB increase in the output level
(assuming the input signal is above the threshold level).

11

GATE

-

-

-

50

-

70

OFF+10

THRESHOLD

30

10

-

20

-

30

-

40

0

+

10

+

20

dBu n:1

2.5
1050100

2

5

81

1.5

1 LIM

0.1 200

RATIOTHRESHOLD ATTACK RELEASE

-

15

0

dBu

CLOSE

0.5

-

0.3

1

6

-

150

20.1

14

-

20

50ms 3

ms

sec

AUTO

IN/OUT

5. ATTACK

This control determines how fast the compressor
reacts once the threshold has been exceeded. It
ranges from 0.1 ms (milliseconds) to 200 ms.

If you want to use the compressor as a limiter, set
the ATTACK knob to its lowest setting (0.1 ms). This way
the limiter quickly catches the fast transients before
they can clip the signal.

Otherwise, set the ATTACK knob to a somewhat
higher setting to avoid the “pumping” effect you
sometimes hear when a compressor is triggered on
and off frequently.

6. RELEASE

This determines how fast the compressor turns off
once the signal falls below the threshold. It ranges
from 50 ms to 3 seconds.

Again, set the RELEASE knob to its lowest setting (50 ms)
when using the compressor as a limiter. Otherwise, setting
the RELEASE knob to a higher setting helps smooth out
the compressor’s action, making it less audible.

7. AUTO IN/OUT

Push this switch in to bypass the ATTACK and RELEASE
controls and let the SQ•2 automatically determine
the optimum settings, depending on the type of signal
present. When the AUTO button is pushed in, the AUTO
LED below the GAIN REDUCTION Meters lights.

8. OUTPUT

This control provides “make-up gain” for the
compressed signal. It ranges from –20 to +20 dB. Use
this control to compensate for the loss of gain caused
by the action of the compressor.

For example, if you are seeing an average gain
reduction on the meter of about 6 dB, turn the OUTPUT
control up to +6 dB to make up for it.

9. CHAN IN/OUT

This is a “bypass” switch that effectively disables the
gate and compressor circuits. You can use this switch
to compare the processed signal to the unprocessed
signal. When the CHAN IN/OUT button is pushed in,
the IN LED below the GAIN REDUCTION Meters lights.

0

+

6

+

14

+

20

OFF FULL

dB

CHAN 2

IN/OUT

OUTPUT LEVEL

AIR

12

POWER

ON

BY

SQ•2

9

BY

0

-

+

6

6

+

14

-

+

20

20

dB

CHAN 1

IN/OUT

OUTPUT LEVEL

9

10

AIR

OFF FULL

678

3

GATE COMPRESSOR / LIMITER COMPRESSOR / LIMITER

-

-

10

30

-

-

-

20

50

1

-

70

OFF+10

dBu

THRESHOLD

0

15

-

0

30

-

+

40

dBu n:1

CLOSE

5

4

CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2

2.5
1050100

2

5

+

10

81

1.5

20

1 LIM

0.1 200
ms sec

RATIOTHRESHOLD ATTACK RELEASE

0.5

0.3

1

IN/OUT

AUTO

50ms 3

-

20.1

14

150

2

11

GAIN REDUCTION(dB)

30

20 15 10 6 4 2 1

CH 1

CH 2

CH 1 CH 2

AUTO

IN AUTO IN

GATE

-

50

-

70

OFF+10

THRESHOLD

-

-

30

-

15

0

dBu

CLOSE

-

20

-

30

-

40

10

0

+

10

+

20

dBu n:1

2.5

2

1.5

1 LIM

RATIOTHRESHOLD ATTACK RELEASE

5

81

0.1 200

1050100

ms

150

AUTO

IN/OUT

0.5

0.3

50ms 3

sec

0

-

1

6

-

20.1

14

-

20

dB

OUTPUT LEVEL

12

AIR

+

6

+

20

+

14

CHAN 2

IN/OUT

OFF FULL

POWER

ON

BY

SQ•2

AIR Filter

10. LEVEL

The AIR fi lter is a unique feature that restores
brilliance and sizzle to compressed signals. It provides
a high-frequency boost to the signal after the
compression stage. It ranges from OFF to FULL, where
FULL provides the maximum high-frequency boost.

LOOK

CLOSER

Compression is the key to balancing these dynamic
signals in a live sound system so they don’t jump out
in the mix during hard hitting sections or get lost in the
softer passages.

Unfortunately, compression also tends to dull an
instrument’s sound, and the sound, although more
balanced, loses its sparkle.

The AIR fi lter is a high-frequency shelving fi lter
whose amplitude varies depending on the amount
of compression applied to the signal. When softly
compressing the signal, the AIR fi lter provides very little
high-frequency boost (it’s not really needed). When
squeezing the signal hard with compression, the AIR
fi lter has more high-frequency boost available.

This makes the AIR fi lter a great tool for live sound.
Experiment with the AIR LEVEL control to fi nd the best
sound for the particular instrument or voice being
compressed.

Certain instruments such as
vocals, acoustic guitars, and brass
instruments have a wide dynamic
range. A musician uses this dynamic
range to accentuate the “feel”
of a particular section in a song.

11. GAIN REDUCTION Meters

These 8-segment meters indicate the amount
of gain reduction that is applied to the signal by
the compressor. It ranges from 1 to 30 dB of gain
reduction.

When the signal is below the threshold and there
is no compression taking place, there is no meter
indication. As soon as the signal crosses the threshold
and triggers the compressor, the meter LEDs begin
to light from right to left, indicating more and more
compression.

12. POWER Switch

Use this switch to turn the SQ•2 on and off. The LED
above the switch lights when the power is on.

REAR PANEL FEATURES

13. Line Cord Socket and Fuse

Here is where you connect the detachable line
cord that came in the box with your SQ•2. Plug
the other end of the line cord into an AC outlet
properly confi gured with the voltage required for your
particular model (see AC Select Switch next).

The fuse is located behind the fuse cover, at the
bottom of the IEC socket. See the “Troubleshooting”
section on page 12 for information about replacing
the fuse.

14. AC Select Switch

Set this switch to the correct voltage setting for the
country you are in, 115 VAC or 230 VAC.

Note: The SQ•2 is shipped with the AC Select
switch set to the 230 VAC position. If you are in a
country that uses 100-120 VAC, remove the cover
plate with a phillips-head screwdriver and set the
switch to the 115 VAC position. A 315 mA fuse
is used for both voltages (115V/230V). See the
“Troubleshooting” section on page 12 for instructions
on replacing the fuse.

10

AC~120V/60Hz

AC FUSE
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15. OUTPUT

Two types of connectors are provided for the
outputs — male XLR and 1/4” TRS (Tip-Ring-Sleeve).
These balanced outputs are in parallel, and provide
exactly the same signal.

You can connect either a balanced TRS connector
or an unbalanced TS connector to the 1/4” output
jack. See “Appendix B: Connections” on page 14 for
information on output connection wiring.

16. INPUT

Two types of connectors are provided for the inputs
— female XLR and 1/4” TRS (Tip-Ring-Sleeve). These
balanced inputs are in parallel, so do not connect
more than one signal at a time to the input jacks for
each channel.

You can connect either a balanced or an unbalanced
signal to the 1/4” input jack. A servo-circuit detects when
there is an unbalanced signal and automatically adjusts
the input level by 6 dB to compensate for the lower
level. See “Appendix B: Connectors” on page 14 for
information on output connection wiring.

17. SIDE CHAIN

This 1/4” TRS connector serves as an insert point
to control the compressor. When a 1/4” TRS plug is
connected to the SIDE CHAIN jack, the tip sends out
a pre-compressor version of the signal, which can
be passed through a processor like an equalizer or
de-esser, and then returned via the ring of the plug.
Special “Insert” Y-cords are available for this type of
Send/Return insert jack.

It’s important to note that the signal at the SIDE
CHAIN SEND (Tip) is not the actual signal passing
through the compressor, but a buffered duplicate of
the signal that can be processed externally to tailor
the control signal.

Here are some examples of common ways to use
the SIDE CHAIN connection:

Frequency-dependent compression: Connect the
SIDE CHAIN SEND to the input of a graphic equalizer,
and the output of the equalizer to the SIDE CHAIN
RETURN. Boost the low frequencies with the graphic
equalizer to trigger the compressor off the bass drum.

Time-shifted compression: Split the audio signal
prior to the SQ•2 and route one signal directly
to the SIDE CHAIN RETURN (no connection to the
SIDE CHAIN SEND). Route the other signal through
a delay processor and then to the SQ•2 input. By
experimenting with the delay time, the compressor
can anticipate the signal at its input and trigger the
compression slightly ahead of the actual peaks.

Ducking: Use a microphone to trigger the
compressor and reduce the level of the audio signal
while an announcement is being made over a PA
system. Connect the microphone signal to the SIDE
CHAIN RETURN (no connection to the SIDE CHAIN SEND).

GENERAL PRECAUTIONS AND CONSIDERATIONS

Rack Mounting

The SQ•2 is designed to be mounted
standard rack. It requires only a single rack space
(1U = 1.75”).
rack,
When
the bottom and the lighter items toward the top.

Secure the front panel of the SQ•2 to the front of
the rack using four screws with soft washers to prevent
scratching the panel.

It also requires 7.5” depth inside the

not counting the front knobs or rear connectors.

designing your rack, put the heavier items at

Thermal Considerations

Avoid mounting the SQ•2 directly over devices
that produce heat, such as power amplifi ers. As with
all electronic components, it is best to provide cool
air circulation around the SQ•2 to avoid overheating.
The ambient temperature should not exceed 113˚ F
(45˚ C).

AC Power Considerations

Be sure the SQ•2 is plugged into an AC outlet that
is able to supply the specifi ed voltage, and the AC
Select switch is set to the correct voltage.

Be sure the AC outlet can supply enough current
to allow full power operation of all the components
plugged into it, especially if there are power amplifi ers
plugged in. The outlet should be a three-prong socket
that matches the power cord.

WARNING: Bypassing the plug’s
safety ground pin can be
dangerous. Don’t do it!

in a

11

Appendix A: Service Information

Warranty Service

Details concerning Warranty Service are spelled

out in the Warranty section on page 19.

If you think your SQ•2 has a problem, please do
everything you can to confi rm it before calling for
service. Doing so might save you from the deprivation
of your compressor and the associated suffering.

These may sound obvious to you, but here are
some things you can check. Read on.

Troubleshooting

No Power

• Our favorite question: Is it plugged in? Make sure

the AC outlet is live (check with a tester or lamp).

• Our next favorite question: Is the POWER switch

on? If not, try turning it on.

• Is the red LED above to the POWER switch

illuminated? If not, make sure the AC outlet is live.
If so, refer to “No Sound” below.

• Is the fuse blown? If the POWER LED on the front

panel is not illuminated and you are certain that
the AC outlet is live, if is possible the fuse has blown.

To remove and replace the fuse:

1. Disconnect the line cord from the IEC socket.

2. Remove the fuse drawer by prying it open with a

small screwdriver. It will slide all the way out.

No Sound

• Is the GATE THRESHOLD control turned up too high?
Turn the GATE THRESHOLD all the way OFF and see
if you hear anything.

• Is the signal source turned up? Make sure the
signal level from the mixing console (or whatever
device immediately precedes the SQ•2) is high
enough to produce sound through the system.

• Are you using the SQ•2 with an insert plug in an
insert jack? Make sure that you are using an insert
cable, and not a mono Y-cable.

Poor sound

• Is it loud and distorted? Turn down the signal
coming from the mixer or signal source.

• Is the input connector plugged completely into
the jack? Make sure all connections are good and
sound.

• Switch the CHAN IN/OUT switch in and out to
compare the sound with the compressor in the
signal path and out of the signal path. This can
help determine if the problem is with the SQ•2 or
elsewhere in the system.

Noise/Hum

• Check the signal cable between the mixer and
the SQ•2. Make sure all connections are good and
sound.

• Make sure the signal cable is not routed near AC
cables, power transformers, or other EMI-inducing
devices.

• Is there a light dimmer or other SCR-based device
on the same AC circuit as the SQ•2? Use an AC
line fi lter, or plug the SQ•2 into a different AC
circuit.

FUSE

3. Remove the fuse and replace it with an
equivalent-type fuse:
315 milliamp slo-blo (T315 A/250 V)
Note: The same fuse is used for both 115 VAC and
230 VAC operation.

4. Replace the fuse drawer by pushing it all the way
back into the IEC socket.

5. Reconnect the line cord and turn the POWER
switch on.

If two fuses blow in a row, then something is wrong.

See the “Repair” section on the next page to fi nd
out what to do.

12

Repair

Service for TAPCO products is available from one
of our authorized domestic service centers or at our
factory, located in sunny Woodinville, Washington.
Service for TAPCO products living outside the United
States can be obtained through local dealers or
distributors.

If your SQ•2 needs service, follow these instructions:

1. Review the preceding troubleshooting suggestions.

Please.

2. Call Tech Support at 1-877-827-2669, 7 am to 5 pm

PST, to explain the problem and request an RA
(Return Authorization) number. Have your SQ•2’s
serial number ready. You must have an RA number
before you can obtain warranty service at the
factory or an authorized service center.

3. Keep this owner’s manual and the detachable line

cord. We don’t need them to repair the SQ•2.

4. Pack the SQ•2 in its original package, including

endcaps and box. This is very important. When
you call for the RA number, please let Tech
Support know if you need new packaging. You
can order new packaging through our parts
department. LOUD Technologies is not responsible
for any damage that occurs due to non-factory
packaging.

5. Include a legible note stating your name, shipping

address (no P.O. boxes), daytime phone number,
RA number, and a detailed description of the
problem, including how we can duplicate it.

6. Write the RA number in BIG PRINT on top of the box.

Units sent to us without the RA number will be refused.

7. Ship the SQ•2 to us. We suggest insurance for all
forms of cartage. Ship to this address:

TAPC O

SERVICE DEPARTMENT

16220 Wood-Red Road NE

Woodinville, WA 98072

8. We’ll try to fi x the SQ•2 within fi ve business days.
Ask Tech Support for the latest turn-around times
when you call for your RA number. The SQ•2
must be packaged in its original packing box,
and must have the RA number on the box. Once
it’s repaired, we’ll ship it back the same way in
which it was received. This paragraph does not
necessarily apply to non-warranty repair.

Lonely? Looking for that special someone? Do you have a question about
your TAPCO product?

Please call our Technical Support folks at 1-877-827-2669, Monday to Friday, from 7 am to 5 pm PST.
After hours, visit www.tapcogear.com and look under Support, or e-mail us at [e-mail]

13

Appendix B: Connections

XLR Connectors

The inputs and outputs use 3-pin male and female
XLR connectors. They are wired as follows, according
to standards specifi ed by the AES (Audio Engineering
Society).

COLD

3

2

HOT

1

3

1

2

SHIELD

COLD

HOT

SHIELD

XLR Balanced Wiring

Pin 1 = Shield

Pin 2 = Hot (+)

Pin 3 = Cold (–)

1/4" TRS Phone Plugs and Jacks

“TRS” stands for Tip-Ring-Sleeve, the three
connection points available on a stereo 1/4" or
balanced phone jack or plug. TRS jacks and plugs are
used for balanced signals.

RING

SLEEVE

SLEEVERING

TIP

1/4" TS Phone Plugs and Jacks

“TS” stands for Tip-Sleeve, the two connection
points available on a mono 1/4" phone jack or plug.
They are used for unbalanced signals.

SLEEVE

TIP

SLEEVE

TIP

TIP

SLEEVE

1/4" TS Unbalanced Wiring:

Sleeve = Shield

Tip = Hot (+)

1/4" TRS Insert Plugs and Jacks

The SIDE CHAIN connectors on the SQ•2 are special
1/4" TRS insert cables that use the tip to send the signal
outside the box, and the ring to return the signal to
the box. The sleeve is the common ground (earth) for
both signals. These are both unbalanced signals.

Note: This insert cable is also used with a mixer’s
insert jack.

ring

tip

sleeve

(TRS plug)

SEND to processor

“tip”

1/4" TRS Balanced Wiring:
Sleeve = Shield
Tip = Hot (+)
Ring = Cold (–)

TIP

RING

TIP

SLEEVE

This plug connects to the

SQ•2’s SIDE CHAIN Insert jack.

1/4" TRS Insert Wiring:

Sleeve = Ground

RETURN from processor

“ring”

Tip = Send

Ring = Return

14

Appendix C: Technical Info

SQ•2 Specifi cations

Frequency Response

20 Hz to 20 kHz (+0, –1 dB)

Audio Input

Type: Active balanced XLR
and 1/4" jacks
Impedance: 60 kΩ balanced
Maximum Input Level: +21 dBu balanced and
unbalanced

Audio Output

Type: XLR and 1/4" jacks
Impedance: <40 kΩ unbalanced
Maximum Output Level:
THD+N @ 1 kHz, +4 dBu:
SMPTE IMD, +4 dBu: 0.01%
Noise and Hum, unity gain: < –93 dBu
Noise and Hum, fully off: < –97 dBu
Crosstalk @ 20 kHz: < –85 dBu
Common Mode Rejection: > 60 dB

+21 dBu

0.05% typical

Compressor

Type: Auto soft knee/hard knee
Threshold: –40 dBu to +20 dBu
Ratio: 1:1 to LIM
Attack: 0.1 ms to 200 ms
Release: 50 ms to 3 sec
Output: –20 dB to +20 dB

AC Power and Current Requirements

Power Consumption: 12.5 watts
AC Operating Voltages:
U.S. 120 VAC, 60 Hz
Europe 240 VAC, 50 Hz
Japan 100 VAC, 50/60 Hz
Korea 220 VAC, 60 Hz
Fuse: 315 mA @ 100-240 VAC

Physical Dimensions and Weight

Height: 1.75 in/44 mm
Width: 19.0 in/483 mm
Depth: 8.5 in/216 mm
Weight: 6.6 lb/3.0 kg

Disclaimer

Since we are always striving to make our products
better by incorporating new and improved materials,
components, and manufacturing methods, we
reserve the right to change these specifi cations at
any time without notice.

Gate

Type: Soft gate with expander
Threshold: OFF to +10 dBu

AIR Filter

Type: Dynamically controlled
frequency correction
Process: Variable from Off to Full

Switches

CHAN IN/OUT Bypass switch
AUTO Program dependent attack
and release times

Indicators

CLOSE LED for Expander/Gate
AUTO LED for Auto Attack/Release
Channel IN LED for CHAN IN/OUT Status
8-segment green LED Gain Reduction Meter
POWER ON LED

15

SQ•2 Block Diagram

This outlines the signal fl ow inside the SQ•2.

15

CHANNEL 1

(XLR-F)

BALANCED

LINE OUTPUT

1

2

3

9

(TRS)

LINE OUTPUT

BALANCED/UNBAL

AIR FILTER

LEVEL

10

IN

IN/OUT

CHAN 1

11

METER

8

OUTPUT

∑

∑

CONTROL VOLTAGE

GAIN REDUCTION

POWER

LED

VDC

–

+

7

AUTO

2

AUTO

ATTA C K /

RELEASE

AUTO

6

VCA

MANUAL

ATTA C K /

RELEASE

OUT IN

CLOSE

THRESHOLD

(VOLTAGE

ATTENUATOR)

CONTROLLED

1

GATE

RELEASE

ATTA C K

5

4

RATIO

THRESHOLD

COMPRESSOR

TRANSFORMER

TOROIDAL POWER

3

14

AC SELECT

115V ↔ 230V

16

2

3

1

(XLR-F)

BALANCED

LINE INPUT

16

BALANCED

LINE INPUT

CHANNEL 1

(TRS)

(TRS)

INSERT

SIDE CHAIN

17

CHANNEL 2

(SAME AS CHANNEL 1)

12

13

POWER

FUSE

TA P CO

SQ•2

BLOCK DIAGRAM

12.30.03

BY

BY

SQ•2

ON

12

AIR

0

0.5

50

2.5

10

-

30

-

GATE

6

+

6

-

1

0.3

100

10

5

2

0

20

-

15

-

50

-

POWER

OFF FULL

IN/OUT

14

+

CHAN 2

20

+

dB

OUTPUT LEVEL

20

-

14

-

20.1

sec

50ms 3

AUTO

IN/OUT

150

ms

0.1 200

81

RATIOTHRESHOLD ATTACK RELEASE

1 LIM

1.5

10

+

20

+

dBu n:1

40

-

30

­0

CLOSE

10

+

dBu

THRESHOLD

OFF

70

-

INPUT

OUTPUT

GROUND

=

=

=

RING

TIP

SLEEVE

BAL/

UNBAL

INPUT SIDE CHAIN

BAL/

UNBAL

OUTPUT

INPUT

OUTPUT

GROUND

=

=

=

TIP

SLEEVE

RING

BAL/

UNBAL

INPUT SIDE CHAINOUTPUT

11

GAIN REDUCTION(dB)

AIR

10

8

6

CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2

5

4

3

GATE COMPRESSOR / LIMITER COMPRESSOR / LIMITER

IN AUTO IN

20 15 10 6 4 2 1

CH 1 CH 2

30

AUTO

CH 1

CH 2

OFF FULL

14

+

CHAN 1

20

6

+

+

0

dB

6

­20

-

14

-

20.1

1

0.5

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50ms 3

AUTO

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100

50

ms sec

10

0.1 200

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2.5

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1 LIM

1.5

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+

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0

+

10

-

dBu n:1

20

­40

-

30

­0

CLOSE

10

+

15

-

30

-

dBu

50

­OFF

70

-

IN/OUT

OUTPUT LEVEL

IN/OUT

RATIOTHRESHOLD ATTACK RELEASE

THRESHOLD

2

9

7

14

13 15 16 17

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18

TAPCO LIMITED WARRANTY

A. LOUD Technologies Inc. warrants all materials,

workmanship and proper operation of this TAPCO
product for a period of one year from the original
date of purchase. If any defects are found in the
materials or workmanship, or if the product fails to
function properly during the applicable warranty
period, LOUD Technologies, at its option, will repair
or replace the product. This warranty applies only
to equipment sold and delivered within the U.S. by
LOUD Technologies or its authorized dealers.

B. Failure to register online or return the product

registration card will not void the 1-year warranty.

C. Service and repairs of TAPCO products are to be

performed only at the factory, OR at a factory­authorized service center. Unauthorized service,
repairs, or modifi cation will void this warranty.

D. To obtain service, please follow the instructions

found on page 13.

E. LOUD Technologies Inc. and Authorized TAPCO

Service Centers reserve the right to inspect any
products that may be the subject of any warranty
claims before repair or replacement is carried
out. LOUD Technologies and Authorized TAPCO
Service Centers may, at their option, require
proof of the original date of purchase in the form
of a dated copy of the original dealer’s invoice
or sales receipt. Final
coverage lies solely with
its Authorized Service Centers.

F.

TAPCO products returned to
and deemed eligible for repair or replacement
under the terms of this warranty will be repaired
or replaced within thirty days of receipt by
Technologies
LOUD Technologies
repair or replacement of any product. Products
returned to
the terms of this Warranty will be repaired and
returned C.O.D. with billing for labor, materials,
return freight, and insurance. Products repaired
under warranty at the factory will be returned
freight prepaid by
location within the boundaries of the USA.

at our rainforest factory complex.

LOUD Technologies

determination of warranty

LOUD Technologies

LOUD Technologies

may use refurbished parts for

that do not meet

LOUD Technologies

Inc. or

LOUD

to any

G. LOUD Technologies warrants all repairs performed

for 90 days or for the remainder of the warranty
period. This warranty does not extend to damage
resulting from improper installation, misuse,
neglect
warranty is recognized only if the inspection seals
and serial number on the unit have not been
defaced or removed.

H. LOUD Technologies assumes no responsibility for

the quality or timeliness of repairs performed by
TAPCO Authorized Service Centers.

I. This warranty is extended to the original purchaser

and to anyone who may subsequently purchase
this product within the applicable warranty period.

J. This is your sole warranty. LOUD Technologies Inc.

does not authorize any third party, including any
dealer or sales representative, to assume any
liability on behalf of LOUD Technologies or to make
any warranty for LOUD Technologies Inc.

K. THE WARRANTY GIVEN ON THIS PAGE IS THE SOLE

WARRANTY GIVEN BY LOUD TECHNOLOGIES INC.
AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS
AND IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. THE WARRANTY GIVEN ON THIS PAGE
SHALL BE STRICTLY LIMITED IN DURATION TO ONE
YEAR FROM THE DATE OF ORIGINAL PURCHASE
FROM AN AUTHORIZED TAPCO DEALER. UPON
EXPIRATION OF THE APPLICABLE WARRANTY PERIOD,
LOUD TECHNOLOGIES SHALL HAVE NO FURTHER
WARRANTY OBLIGATION OF ANY KIND. LOUD
TECHNOLOGIES INC. SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR
ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES THAT MAY RESULT FROM ANY DEFECT IN
THE TAPCO PRODUCT OR ANY WARRANTY CLAIM.
Some states do not allow exclusion or limitation of
incidental, special, or consequential damages or
a limitation on how long warranties last, so some
of the above limitations and exclusions may not
apply to you. This warranty provides specifi c legal
rights and you may have other rights which vary
from state to state.

Please keep your sales receipt in a safe place.

or abuse, or to exterior appearance. This

“Mackie.” and “TAPCO” are registered trademarks of
LOUD Technologies Inc. “Squeez” is a trademark of
LOUD Technologies Inc.
All other brand names mentioned are trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective holders, and
are hereby acknowledged.

©2004 LOUD Technologies Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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