Temperature Range: 5 to 35˚C
Relative Humidity Range: 30 to 80%
(non-condensing)
Max Altitude: 2,000m ASL
Atomospheric Pressure Range: 86 to 106kPa
Please read this Instruction Manual carefully and keep it for
future reference.
Temperature Range:
Relative Humidity Range: 10 to 90%
Atmospheric Pressure Range : 70 to 106kPa
To avoid malfunctions, avoid storing the equipment in a place with direct sunlight,
significant temperature changes, a risk of dampness, a large amount of dust or a
risk of vibration or impact, or in the vicinity of flames.
-10 to 50˚C
(non-condensing)
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Intended Use
Tanita Body Composition Analyzers have been clinically proven to be accurate, reliable and
provide highly repeatable results. Our Analyzers are used worldwide by health, research
and medical professionals primarily in the following fields:
- medical screening and health assessments of adults and children
- monitoring the progress of weight loss during medical treatment relating to lifestyle
diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, bariatric surgery, hypertension and fatty liver
disease.
- monitoring increases of muscle mass, reduction of body fat and hydration levels as part of
a fitness or training program
- assessing the true effectiveness of nutrition and physical activity programs where body
mass index cannot identify key changes in body composition
- collating subject data for large cohort research studies
Efficacy
1. This product is simple to use, and requires no specialized facilities or expertise to take
measurements.
2. Measurements can be taken quickly and easily, causing minimal inconvenience to the
patient during measurements.
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Contents
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Before Use
For Your Safety4
Part Names & Connection Procedure8
Preparation10
Power Supply15
• Turning On the Power
• Turning Off the Power
• Emergency Shutdown
Setup Flowchart18
Initial Settings19
Various Settings20
Database Management Settings25
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17
How to Use
Taking a Measurement
• Single Measurement
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30
30
• Registering a New User
• Registered Users
• General Instructions for Measuring Body Composition
The Regression Formula for Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Specifications
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Before Use
For Your Safety
Below are precautionary measures to be taken to avoid injury to the users of this device and others, and to
prevent damage to property. Please familiarize yourself with this information to ensure the safe operation of
this equipment.
Failure to follow instructions highlighted with this mark could result in death
Warning
Caution
Warning
or severe injury.
Failure to follow instructions highlighted with this mark could result in injury
or damage to property.
This mark indicates actions that are prohibited.
This mark indicates instructions that must always be followed.
Prohibited
This device must not be used on subjects with pacemakers or other
mechanical implants.
This device passes a weak electrical current through the body which could
interfere with and cause the malfunction of electrical medical implants, with
serious consequences.
Do not handle the plug with wet hands.
This may result in electric shock, fire, or current leakage.
Keep this equipment away from flammable gas and oxygen-rich
environments.
Do not modify this equipment.
There is a risk of electrocution or injury, and precise analysis cannot be
guaranteed.
Do not use multiple adapters.
This may result in fire.
4
Required
Use only a correctly wired outlet.
Only genuine cables and equipment can be used.
The power cord must be connected to a type A plug (with a ground
terminal).
Failure to do so may result in an electric shock or current leakage.
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Prohibited
Caution
Do not allow the equipment to get wet.
Avoid using on subjects with allergies to metals.
Allergic reactions may be caused by the stainless steel used in the electrodes of this device.
Do not jump on the equipment.
Do not lean on the equipment.
Do not use this equipment near other products that emit electromagnetic waves.
Do not insert fingers into any of the gaps or holes.
Do not apply force to the display.
The screen may break and cause injury.
Do not place items sensitive to magnetic forces near the equipment.
The magnet of the impedance meter may corrupt data on devices such as USB memory sticks if
these are placed near the equipment.
Assist persons with disabilities.
Another person should assist persons with disabilities who may not be able to take a
measurement alone.
Before Use
Required
Clean the scale platform with appropriate disinfectant after each use.
Stand clear of the subject during measurement to ensure accuracy.
Continually monitor both the subject and the equipment for anomalies.
If an anomaly in the subject or equipment is discovered, take appropriate action, such as
stopping the equipment, while ensuring the safety of the subject.
Use the included AC cord.
Do not lean against the equipment.
Unplug the AC cable from the equipment when moving it.
Tighten the adjustable feet when moving the equipment.
Interpretation of analysis results (e.g. evaluation of measurements and formulation of
exercise programs based on results) must be performed by a professional.
Weight loss measures and exercise based on self-analysis could be harmful to your health.
Always follow the advice of a qualified professional.
This equipment is designated a Class B IT device (mainly for systems intended to be used
in indoor environments) and is CE (EMC) certified, but it may affect devices that are sensitive to electromagnetic waves.
If connecting a computer or peripheral devices to this equipment, please use a device complying
with IEC60601-1 (EN60601-1). Power must be supplied from a medical isolation transformer for
IEC60950 (EN60950) devices. Keep a distance of 1.5m between units during operation. Failure to
do so may cause electric shock to subjects or malfunction.
5
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For Your Safety
(continued)
Before Use
For Accurate Measurements
Avoid measuring after strenuous exercise.
This may cause inaccurate measurements. Please take measurements after
sufficient rest.
Avoid measuring after over-eating or over-drinking, or when severely
dehydrated.
This may cause inaccurate measurements. For greater accuracy, avoid
using directly after waking up. Use at the same time of day each time, at
Prohibited
least three hours after the last meal.
Ensure arms are not touching sides and inner thighs are not touching each other during
measurement. If necessary, place a dry towel between arm and side and/or between thighs.
Do not take measurements while using transmitting devices such as mobile phones, as
these may affect readings.
Use the equipment under the same conditions and in the same position as much as possible for accurate tracking of changes.
Readings are affected by the level of hydration and position of the body.
Please use at the same time of day each time, under the same conditions
and in the same body position.
Required
Avoid measuring in multiple locations with greatly differing
temperatures.
This may cause inaccurate measurements. Allow the equipment to stand
for at least 2 hours before using if it is moved to a new location with a
temperature difference of ±68˚F/±20˚C or more.
Make sure the soles of the feet are free of excess dirt, as this may block the mild electric
current.
Always take measurements with both arms straight down to prevent measurement errors
such as underestimation of body fat.
Feet should be bare and placed correctly on the electrode platform. Arms should be straight
down during measurement.
Use in a stable location.
Errors in measurements may occur if the device is used in an unstable location.
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Regular Maintenance
TANITA recommends that each facility conduct periodic checks of each unit.
1. Check the following at least daily:
• Check that the unit is on a stable and level surface, e.g. on firm flooring, not on a thick carpet
• Date and time settings
2. Visually inspect the following at least weekly:
• Inspect the display for any damage or contamination
• Inspect all cables, cords, and connector ends for damage or contamination
• Inspect all safety-related labeling for legibility
• Inspect all accessories (sensors, electrodes, etc.) for wear or damage
Required
3. Visually inspect the following at least monthly:
• Mounting screws on stand
Update settings, replace items, or call for service as necessary according to the results
of the visual inspections. Do not use the unit if you see any signs of damage. Equipment
that has been damaged must be checked for proper operation by qualified personnel
before using again.
or press the switch on the
control box to turn off the
power.
01/01/2016
16
Turn off the power of the
platform.
2
Page 17
Power Supply
The power can be turned off
immediately in an emergency by
removing the plug from the
power outlet. Make sure that
there are no obstructions around
the power outlet when using this
equipment.
Note
Do not turn off the power by removing the
plug from the power outlet except in an
emergency.
Emergency Shutdown
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Before Use
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Setup Flowchart
Before Use
Select “Setup”
Page 21: Step 1
Various Settings
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01/01/2016
Input Password
Initial password "9999"
Input the password and select "Enter."
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Page 21: Step 2
Date and time
Printer
Select Settings Menu
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Page 21: Step 3
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Page 20
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Page 21
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Page 22: Step 2
Database Management
01/01/2016
PC Connection
External Device
Measurement Mode
Controller
Call up Member Data
Add, Remove or Change User
*Register New User
*Search Registered User
*Import User Data
*Export User Data
Output Measurement Result
Page 21
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Page 22
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Page 23
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Page 24
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Page 25
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Page 26
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Page 29
18
Page 26: Step 2
Data Backup
Page 19
Initial Settings
Select "Setup"
1
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01/01/2016
Before Use
2
3
Input the password,
then select “Enter”
*Initial password "9999"
To change the password ( page 39)
(1) Date (dd/mm/yyyy): Input date in "day/month/year" format
Example
(2) Time (hh:mm): Input time in "hh : mm" format. Use 24-hour time.
Example
April 1st, 2016⇒01/04/2016
6:05pm⇒1805
(1)
01/01/2016
(2)
01012016
//
01/01/2016
20
Page 21
2.Select "Printer"
(1) Set Printer Operation: Select ON/OFF for the printing function.
(2) Auto Print: Set the number of pages to be printed.
(3) Paper: Select the printing paper (“Pre printed form” or “Plain paper.")
(4) Adjust Printing Position.
(5) Test print: Check printer operation and printing position.
(6) Information: Print additional information (address, etc.)
(7) Printer Selection: Select your printer.
After configuring all settings, press OK.
(1)
01/01/2016
(2)
(3)
(4)
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Before Use
01/01/2016
(5)
(6)
(7)
3.Select "PC Connection"
(1) Baud Rate: Select the baud rate.
(2) Flow Control: Select the flow control.
After configuring all settings, press OK.
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01/01/2016
(1)
(2)
21
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Before Use
Various Settings
•
Main Menu •
e
Save changes. •
e
4.Select "External Device"
(1) ID Input Device: Select the type of card reader.
(1) - 1 OFF: Input ID from the touch screen.
(1) - 2 NFC: Select this if using an NFC reader. *Optional function.
(1) - 3 Barcode: Select this if using a barcode reader. *Optional function.
(2) Select the number of characters in the barcodes to be used.
After configuring all settings, press OK.
01/01/2016
(continued)
BackOKQuit
(1)
e
Return without saving.
(1)(1)(1)
- 1- 2- 3
01/01/2016
(2)
22
Page 23
5. Select "Measurement Mode"
Numbering function
(1) Result Number: Select the result data numbering function.
(1) - 1 OFF: Invalid numbering function.
(1) - 2 Manual input: Result numbers up to 16 digits long can be input.
(1) - 3 Serial No.: Automatically enters a serial number after measurement.
(2) Athletic Selection: Set ON/OFF for athletic mode.
*Athletic mode ( page 34)
(3) BF % Target Setting: Set ON/OFF for target body fat percentage.
*Target Body fat ( page 34)
(4) Additional Information: Select Additional Information.
(4) - 1 OFF: Does not display Additional Information.
(4) - 2 ON: Displays Additional Information.
(5) The screen changes as follows.
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Before Use
01/01/2016
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(1)(1)(1)
- 1- 2- 3
01/01/2016
23
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Various Settings
(continued)
Before Use
(6) Output type: Select the data output format.
(6) - 1 MC980: Does not output additional information.
(6) - 2 MC980plus: Outputs additional information.
(7) BMI normal range: Enter the normal BMI range.
(8) Fat normal range: Select the normal fat range.
(8) - 1 TANITA Standard: A judgment method using a standard range set
by TANITA.
(8) - 2 Hard Range: A judgment range using a negative fat percentage as
the standard range.
(6)(6)
(9) Returns to the previous screen.
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
- 1- 2
01/01/2016
(8)(8)
- 1- 2
6. Select "Controller"
(1) Brightness: Adjust the brightness of the monitor.
(2) Beep: Set the beep sound (ON/OFF).
(3) Vibration mode: Set the touch panel vibration mode (ON/OFF).
01/01/2016
(1)
(2)
(3)
01/01/2016
24
Page 25
Database Management Settings
•
Main Menu •
e
Save changes.•
e
Return without saving.
BackOKQuit
e
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Before Use
1
2
Select "Database Management"
Select Settings Menu
01/01/2016
01/01/2016
3
1. Select "Call up Member Data"
Recall stored measurement result data.
Input a user ID, name or measurement date and press "Search."
*If you search without inputting any data, all stored measurement results are
displayed.
*If you enter multiple criteria, data meeting all search condition is displayed.
Select a data item and press "View."
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01/01/2016
25
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Before Use
Database Management Settings
(continued)
2. Select "Add, Remove or Change"
(1) Add: Register new user data. ( page 26)
(2) Change: Change registered user data. ( page 27)
(3) Delete: Delete registered user data. ( page 27)
(4) Import: Import user data from an external file. ( page 28)
(5) Export: Export user data. ( page 28)
01/01/2016
2-1.Select "Add"
Register a new user to the database.
Input a user ID, name and all personal information and press "Register."
(1) ID: Enter a maximum of 16 alphanumeric characters.
Note
Duplicate ID numbers are not accepted.
(2) Name: Enter a maximum of 16 alphanumeric characters.
(3) Date of Birth: Input the date of birth in "day/month/year" format.
(6) Height: Enter a height between 90.0 and 249.9cm.
(7)
Password: Enter a number with a maximum of 10 digits. *Password is optional.
September 24th, 1973⇒24/09/1973
01/01/2016
(1)(4)
(2)
(3)
(5)
26
After entering all items, press
"Register."
01/01/2016
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
01/01/2016
Page 27
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•
MainMenu•
e
Save changes.•
e
Return without saving.
BackOKQuit
e
Before Use
2-2. Select "Change" or "Delete"
Remove/change registered user data.
Input a user ID, user name or measurement date and press "Search."
*If you search without inputting anything, all stored measurement results are
displayed.
*If you enter multiple criteria, data meeting all search conditions is displayed.
To delete data: After recalling the registered user details, press "Delete."
To change data: After recalling the registered user details, enter the new
personal data and press "Change."
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27
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Before Use
Database Management Settings
•
Main Menu •
e
Save changes.•
e
Return without saving.
BackOKQuit
e
(continued)
2-3.Select "Import"
Import user data from an external file.( page 30)
Select the CSV file where the user data is stored.
* Refer to the "Export" section for details on data formats.
The format of imported user data is as follows.
(1)
User ID:
Maximum of 16 alphanumeric characters
(2)
Name:
Maximum of 16 alphanumeric characters
(3)
Password:
Maximum of 10 digits (optional)
(4)
Date of Birth: dd/mm/yyyy format
Gender: 1. Male 2. Female
(5)
Body type:
(6)
0: Standard mode 2: Athletic mode
Height (cm): 90.0 to 249.9
(7)
Example
Note
September 24th, 1973
⇒24/09/1973
The date format is different than
the format listed onpage 27
2-4. Select "Export"
Export user data to a selected file.
The format of exported user data is as follows.
(1)
User ID
(2)
Name
(3)
Password
Blank if not registered
(4)
Date of Birth: dd/mm/yyyy format
Example
September 24th, 1973
⇒24/09/1973
01/01/2016
01/01/2016
(5)
Gender: 1. Male 2. Female
(6)
Body type:
0: Standard mode 2: Athletic mode
(7)
Height (cm): 90.0 to 249.9
01/01/2016
28
01/01/2016
Page 29
3. Select "Output Measurement Result"
Input a user ID, user name or measurement date and press "Search."
*If you search without inputting any data, all stored measurement results are
displayed.
*If you enter multiple criteria, data meeting all search conditions is displayed.
After selecting the data, press "CSV Output."
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Before Use
01/01/2016
4. Select "Data Backup"
Back up all data to a selected destination file.
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29
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Taking a Measurement
Single Measurement
Select
Input personal data
How to Use
"Body Composition"
01/01/2016
Measurement
body weight
01/01/2016
Wait a few moments
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"Registered User"
01/01/2016
01/01/2016
01/01/2016
Wait a few moments
"Enter Detail First"
Clothes Weight (PT)
Enter clothes weight
(0.0 to 10.0kg)
Enter clothes weight
“Clothes Weight (PT)”
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Enter detail first
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01/01/2016
Enter detail first
*Target Body Fat percentage
( Page 34)
30
Page 31
(Gray arrow): One step flow (Enter detail first), (Black arrow): Two step flow (Measure body weight first)
en
Check Information and
press
"Start Measurement"
01/01/2016
Measurement
body weight
Measurement body composition
How to Use
01/01/2016
<Child>
01/01/2016
Check Information and
press
"Start Measurement"
01/01/2016
<Adult>
Correct measurement posture
01/01/2016
View the
measurement results
31
Page 32
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Taking a Measurement
Select "New User Registration"
Registering a New User
01/01/2016
How to Use
1
Input a user ID, name and all personal information and press
"Register"
2
(1) ID: Enter a maximum of 16 alphanumeric characters.
Note
(2) Name: Enter a maximum of 16 alphanumeric characters.
(3) Date of Birth: Input date of birth in "day/month/year" format.
Example
Note
Note
Duplicate ID numbers are not accepted.
September 24th, 1973⇒24/09/1973
The oldest year of birth that can be registered is 1900.
Users aged 100 or over are measured as 99 years old.
(4) Gender: Select the gender.
(5) Body Type: Select Standard mode/Athletic mode.
*Athletic mode ( page 36)
(6) Height: Acceptable range 90.0 to 249.9cm
(7) Password: Enter a number with a maximum of 10 digits.
Note
After entering all items, press "Register."
Password is optional.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
01/01/2016
32
(7)
Page 33
Taking a Measurement
Select "Registered User"
Registered Users
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01/01/2016
1
2
Enter your user ID and Password
Note
Password is optional.
How to Use
01/01/2016
3
Check the displayed information
and press "Start Measurement"
Step onto the analyzer with
bare feet.
Note
You can skip impedance
measurement if necessary.
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01/01/2016
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Taking a Measurement
•Wait for at least two hours before taking measurements if the equipment has been transferred to
a location where there is a temperature difference of ±20˚C or more.
General Instructions for Measuring Body Composition
How to Use
Athletic Mode
• Recommended for those who are 18 years old or older and meet the following conditions.
- People who carry out 12 or more hours of cardio vascular exercise a week or exercise for 12 hours
or more per week.
- People who belong to a sports team or a sporting organization with the aim of participation in
competitions, etc.
- Professional athletes.
Target Body Fat
• Please consult your doctor before starting a weight management program, and set the
appropriate personal body fat percentage. TANITA cannot be responsible for setting the
appropriate target body fat percentage for specific individuals.
Important
• Correct posture when measuring
- Stand on the electrodes with both feet parallel.
- Stand with straight legs. Do not bend the knees.
• The age range is from 5 to 99 years old.
Enter 99 for those who are 100 years old or older.
Note
• Inaccurate results may occur after excessive food/fluid intake, or after periods of intense
exercise.
• If the clothes weight is input, the clothes weight is subtracted from the weight measurements.
34
Page 35
Taking a Measurement
Overview
Measurement Results
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01/01/2016
The components of body composition
WeightMeasured weight
Fat mass
FFM
Bone mass *
Muscle mass
Protein **
Total Body Water
(TBW)
Extracellular Water
(ECW)
Intracellular Water
(ICW)
* Estimated value for persons 18 - 99 years old
** Protein etc. are estimated values
Total weight of fat in the body
Fat Free Mass is comprised of muscle,
bone, tissue, water, and anything else
other than fat that counts towards
body mass.
Entire amount of bone mineral.
Bone free lean tissue mass (LTM)
Amount of protein in muscles.
The amount of water retained in the
body
Water outside the cells, mainly compo
sed of interstitial fluid and blood
plasma.
Water inside cells
Details
How to Use
01/01/2016
Measurement results are compared with the
following values
The standard value is for the Standard
Desirable
Target *
Previous **
Initial **
* Only available when the target BF % is set.
** Only available for "Registered User" measurements
mode. When Athletic Mode is used,
the standard value is used for
reference.
Predicted weight and fat mass are
displayed according to the set target
BF %
Displays the difference with the
previous result
Displays the difference with the initial
result
35
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Taking a Measurement
Measurement Results (continued)
How to Use
Segmental Analysis
Segmental measurement results are compared with the
average value
* Only for persons 18 to 99 years old
MM/H
MM/BM
SMI*
ASM/BW**
2
Whole body muscle mass ( )/Height (m)
Whole body muscle mass (
Total muscle mass value of right arm, left
arm, right leg and left leg (
Total muscle mass value of right arm, left
arm, right leg and left leg ( )/Weight ( )
)/Body Weight (
)/Height (m)
2
2
)
01/01/2016
*SMI : Skeletal Muscle Mass Index
**ASM : Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass
36
Page 37
BMR / VFR / TBW
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01/01/2016
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is the
BMR
Visceral fat rating
TBW
ECW / TBW
amount of energy the body consumes
in a 24 hour period, when at total rest.
Harmful fat that collects in the internal
abdominal cavity, surrounding the
vital organs.
Total Body Water (TBW) is the amount
of water retained in the body
Percentage of extracellular water in
relation to the total body water.
Body Balance
[Leg Muscle Score]
A score is given to the user's physical
condition, and plotted against average
healthy values for the user’s gender and
age. The score is based on the user's leg
How to Use
01/01/2016
muscle mass divided by their body weight.
For example, a healthy 20 to 25 year old
should achieve a score of 100.
Body Balance
[Muscle Mass Balance]
Compares muscle mass on the left side of
the body with that on the right side.
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Taking a Measurement
Body Balance
Measurement Results (continued)
01/01/2016
How to Use
[Body Fat Distribution]
The ratio of upper to lower body fat is
calculated and plotted against average
healthy values for the user’s gender and
age.
Body Balance
01/01/2016
[Physique Rating]
Gives a rating for the user's body type
taking into account the proportions of fat
and muscle in their body.
*TargetBF%: Page34
Result History
Displays the measurement result trends.
View
Delete
* Only available for "Registered User" measurement
Displays the selected data.
Deletes the selected data.
01/01/2016
38
Page 39
Change Password
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1
2
Select "Setup"
Input the password,
then select “Enter”
*Initial password "9999"
01/01/2016
How to Use
01/01/2016
3
4
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01/01/2016
01/01/2016
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Troubleshooting
If you are experiencing problems, please check the following before asking
for repairs.
Other Information
Measuring
ProblemSolution
•Hold the handgrips and electrodes firmly with
fingers and palms.
Impedance
measurement
error
Zeroing error
Weight value
does not level.
•Stand barefoot on the platform when
measuring.
•If the soles of the feet are dry, use a dropper to
apply about 0.5 mL of water before
measurement.
•Reconfirm the input details.
•Turn off the power, remove everything from
the platform, then turn on the power and try
measuring again.
•Is the analyzer placed on a vibrating surface?
•Is the measuring platform tilted?
•Is something blocking the gaps in the
measuring platform?
•Remove any inserted objects.
Display
Nothing is displayed
even when the power
is turned on.
Touch panel screen
display is dark.
“------” is displayed.
•Confirm that the power is connected correctly.
•Backlight failure. Contact the retailer where
you purchased the analyzer.
•The weight to be measured exceeds the
maximum capacity.
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Various Criteria
- What is body fat percentage? (Applicable age 5 to 99)
Body fat percentage is the amount of body fat as a proportion of your body weight.
Reducing excess levels of body fat has shown to reduce the risk
pressure, heart disease,diabetes and cancer. The chart below shows the healthy ranges for body fat.
of certain conditions such as high blood
en
Other Information
Healthy Range Indicator
Your Body Composition Analyzer automatically compares your body fat percentage reading to
the Healthy Body Fat Range chart. After your body fat percentage has been calculated, the bar on
the left side of the LCD will light up, identifying where you fall within the Body Fat Ranges for
your age and gender.
(+) : Overfat and Obese
Overfat; above the healthy range. Increased risk for health problems.
Obese; high above the healthy body fat range.
Greatly increased risk of obesity-related health problems.
(0) : Healthy; within the healthy body fat percentage range for your age/gender.
(-) : Underfat; below the healthy body fat range. Increased risk for health problems.
*Note : Athletes may have a lower body fat range depending on their particular sport or activity.
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Various Criteria
(continued)
- What is total body water percentage? (Applicable age 18 to 99)
Total Body Water Percentage is the total amount of fluid in a person’s body expressed as a percentage
Other Information
of their total weight.
Water plays a vital role in many of the body’s processes and is found in every cell, tissue and organ.
Maintaining a healthy total body water percentage will ensure the body functions efficiently and will
reduce the ri
sk of developing associated health problems.
Your body water levels naturally fluctuate throughout the day and night. Your body tends to b
dehydrated after a longnight and there are differences in fluid distribution between day and night.
Eating large meals, drinking alcohol, menstruation, illness, exercising, and bathing may cause variations
in your hydration levels.
Your body water percentage readin
determine your absolute recommended total body water percentage. It is important to look for long-term
changes in total body water percentage and maintain a consistent, healthy total body water percentage.
Drinking a large quantity of water in one sitting will not instantly change your water level. In fact, it will
increase your body fat r
to track the relative change.
Every individual varies but as a guide the average total body water percentage ranges for a healthy
adult are:
Female : 45 to 60%
Male: 50 to 65%
Source : Based on Tanita's Internal Research
Note: The total body water percentage will tend to decrease as the percentage of body fat increases. A
person wit
body fat the total body water percentage should gradually move towards the typical range given above.
h a high percentage of body fat may fall below the average body water percentage. As you lose
eading due to the additional weight gain. Please monitor all readings over time
g should act as a guide and should not be used to specifically
- What is visceral fat rating? (Applicable age 18 to 99)
e
This feature indicates the rating of visceral fat in your body.
Visceral fat is the fat that is in the internal abdominal cavity, surrounding the vital or
(abdominal) area. Research shows that even if your weight and body fat remains constant, as you get
older the distribution of fat changes and is more likely to shift to the trunk area especially post
menopause. Ensuring you, have healthy levels of visceral fat my reduce the risk of certain diseases such
as heart disease, high blood pressure, and the onset of type 2 diabetes.
The Tanit
Rating from 1 to 12
Indicates you have a healthy level of visceral fat. Continue monitoring your rating to ensure that it stays
within the healthy range.
Rating from 13 to 59
Indicates you have an excess level of visceral fat. Consider making changes in your lifestyle possibly
through diet changes or increasing exercise
Source : 1) Tanita Institute Contract Study. Algorithm Development for Estimating Visceral Fat Rating
Note:
•Even if you have a low body fat rate, you may have a high visceral fat level.
•For medical diagnosis, consult a physician.
a Body Composition Analyzer will provide you with a visceral fat rating from 1 to 59.
.
SB Heymsfield MD. Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons 2004.
2) Wang, Z., et al. Japanese-American Differences in Visceral Adiposity and a Simplified
Estimation Method for Visceral Adipose Tissue. North American Association for the Study
of Obesity. Annual Meeting. Abstract 518-P.
2004
gans in the trunk
.
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- What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)? (Applicable age 18 to 99)
What is BMR?
Your Basal Metabolic Rate(BMR) is the minimum level of energy your body needs when at rest to
function effectively including your respiratory and circulatory organs, neural system, liver, kidneys, and
other organs. You burn calories when sleeping.
About 70% of calories consumed every day are used for your basal metabolism. In addition, energy is
used when doing any kind of activity however; the
burned. This is because skeletal muscle (which accounts for approximately 40% of your body weight)
acts as your metabolic engine and uses a large amount of energy. Your basal metabolism is greatly
affected by the quantity of muscles you have, therefor increasing your muscle mass will help increase
your basal metabolism.
ore vigorous the activity is the more calories are
m
en
Other Information
By studying healthy individual
Basal metabolism rises as a child matures. After a peak at the age of 16 or 17, it typically starts to
decrease gradually.
Having a higher basal metabolism will increase the number of calories used and help to decrease the
amount of body fat. A low basal metabolic rate will make it harder to lose body fat and overall weight.
How does a TANITA Body Composition Analyzer calculate BMR?
The b
asic way of calculating Basal Metabolic Rate BMR is a standard equation using weight and age.
Tanita has conducted in-depth research into the relationship of BMR and body composition giving a
much more accurate and personalized reading for the user based on the impedance measurement. This
method has been medically validated using indirect calorimetry (measuring the breath composition).*
* Reliability on equation for Basal Metabolic Rate: At 2002 Nutrition Week : A Scientific and Clinical Forum and Exposition Title:
International Comparison: Resting Energy Expenditure Prediction Models: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
cientists have found that as people age, their metabolic rate changes.
s, s
- What is metabolic age? (Applicable age 18 to 99)
This feature calculates your BMR and indicates the average age associated with that type of metabolism.
If your BMR Age is higher than your actual age, it is an indication that you need to improve your
metabolic rate. Increased exercise will build healthy muscle tissue, which will improve your
metabolic age.
You will obtain a reading between 12 and 90. Under 12 will be displayed as “12” and over 90
displayed as “90”.
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Various Criteria
(continued)
- What is muscle mass? (Applicable age 18 to 99)
This feature indicates the weight of muscle in your body.
Other Information
The muscle mass displayed includes the skeletal muscles, smooth muscles (such as cardiac and digestive
muscles) and the water contained in these muscles. Muscles play an important role as they act as an
engine in consuming energy. As your muscle mass increase, your energy consumption increases helping
you reduce excess body fat levels and lose weight in a healthy way.
- What is physique rating?
This feature assesses your physique according to the ratio of body fat ad muscle mass in your body.
As you become more active and red
accordingly. Even though your weight may not change, your muscle mass and body fat levels may be
changing making you healthier and at lower risk of certain diseases. Each person should set their own
goal of which physique they would like and follow a diet and fitness program to meet that goal.
uce the amount of body fat, your physique rating will also change
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- What is bone mass? (Applicable age 18 to 99)
This feature indicates the amount of bone (bone mineral level, calcium or other minerals) in the body.
Research has shown that exercise and the development of muscle tissue are related to stronger, healthier
bones. While bone structure is unlikely to make noticeable changes in a short period, it is important that
you develop and maintain healthy bones by h
worried about bone disease should consult their physician. People who suffer from osteoporosis or low
bone densities due to advanced age, young age, pregnancy,hormonal treatment or other causes, may not
get accurate estimations of their bone mass.
Below is the result of estimated bone masses of persons aged 20 to 40, who are said to have the largest
amounts of bone masses, by weight. (Source : Tanita Body Weight Science Institute)
Please use the below charts as a guide to compare your bone mass reading.
Women : Average of estimated bone mass
Weight (kg)
Less than 50 kg50 kg to 75 kg75 kg and up
1,95 kg2,40 kg2,95 kg
Men : Average of estimated bone mass
aving a balanced diet and plenty of exercise. People
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Other Information
Weight (kg)
Less than 65 kg65 kg to 95 kg95 kg and up
2,66 kg3,29 kg3,69 kg
Note: Persons described below may obtain varying readings and should take the values given for
reference purposes only.
- Elderly persons - Women during or after menopause
- People receiving hormone therapy
"Estimated bone mass" is a value estimated statistically based on its correlation with the fat-free amount
(tissues other than the fat). "Estimated bone mass" does not give a direct judgment on the h
strength of the bones or the risks of bone fractures. If you have concerns over your bones, you are
recommended to consult a specialist physician.
ardness or
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Technical Notes
Body composition measurement by the BIA method
Other Information
Introduction
This equipment provides estimated values for each measured value of body fat percentage, fat mass, fat
free mass, muscle mass and bone mass by the DXA method, estimated value for the total body water
measured value by the
using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA method).
For measurement, a mode must be selected based on body type.
1) Standard (for 5 to 99 years of age)
2) Athletic (for Athletic persons who exercise considerably more than non-athlete)
Making a distinction by body type in the measurement mode produces more reliable body composition
measurements for athletic persons, whose body compositions differ from those of average persons.
dilution method and estimated value for the visceral fat rating by MRI method
- Principles of body composition measurement
BIA is a means of measuring body composition – fat mass, predicted muscle mass, etc. – by measuring
bioelectrical impedance in the body. Fat within the body allows almost no electricity to pass through, while
electricity passes rather easily through water, much of which is found in muscles. The degree of difficulty
with which
of fat and other body constituents can be inferred from measurements of this resistance.
The Tanita Body Composition Analyzer measures body composition using a constant current source with a
high frequency current (6.25kHz, 50kHz, 90μA). The 8 electrodes are positioned so that electric current is
supplied from the electrodes
feet. The current flows into the upper limbs or lower limbs, depending on the body part(s) to be measured.
electricity passes through a substance is known as the electrical resistance, and the percentage
on the tips of the toes of both feet, and voltage is measured on the heel of both
- What is the DXA method?
DXA was originally designed to measure bone mineral content, but in
the full-body scan mode the body fat percentage, fat mass, and fat free
mass of individual body parts (arms, legs, trunk) can also be measured.
The image below shows one example of body composition
measurement results obtained by DXA.
Body composition measurement results
obtained by DXA (Lunar Co., Ltd; DPX-L)
- What is dilution method?
In the dilution method, a labeled substance for a known amount is given and the concentration in
equilibrium diffusing evenly is measured to obtain the total amount of the solvent that dilutes the labeled
substance.
To measure the total body water (TBW), deuterium oxide (D
Deuterium oxide uses the overall total body water as dilution space so the total bo
obtained. To obtain the extracellular fluid amount, sodium bromide (NaBr) is used as a labeled substance.
Bromine (Br) is said to not enter the inside of cells, and uses extracellular fluid as the dilution space.
O) is generally used as the labeled substance.
2
dy water can be
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- What is the visceral fat?
Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT) has been associated with increased risk of developing lifestyle-related
diseases. Accordingly, knowing and periodically checking the estimated VAT accumulation serves as one
factor of a number of factors in assessing the prevention of lifestyle related diseases.
Tanita has developed the technology for measuring the VAT accumulation risk through bioelectrical
impedance ana
(MRI), in addition to the established technology for measuring the percent of body fat. The VAT
accumulation risk is calculated by estimating the VAT area by the BIA method on the basis of MRI image
processing. This method has a higher correlation than the estimation of the VAT accumulation risk based
on BMI or abdomin
precisely to individuals.
* The VAT area by MRI is calculated by carrying out an image processing of the cross section of the lumber
vertebra L4-L5 regions.
(Fig. 1 - Fig. 3: Research results by N. Y. Columbia University and Jikei University Published by the North
American Association for the Study of Obesity [NAASO] in 20
lysis (BIA) in comparison with image analysis applied to magnetic resonance imaging
al circumference (waist circumference), allowing estimation that corresponds more
04.)
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Other Information
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Technical Notes
(continued)
- Factors giving errors in measurement
In the BIA method, impedance is measured and the body composition is calculated based on the value. It is
Other Information
known that impedance changes by the amount of the total body water that occupies about 60% of weight
and the change in its distribution and temperature change. Therefore, for the purpose of research or for
daily repeating of measurements, the measurement conditions must be kept constant. Measurem
the changing conditions of temperature and total body water distribution or blood flow volume of
extremities due to exercising, taking a bath, etc., affects the measurement result since the electric resistance
in the body also changes.
Therefore, it is recommended to measure under the following conditions for stable measurement.
1) 3 hours have passed after getting up and normal lifestyle acti
(The impedance transits staying at a high level if you remain sitting after getting up or drive a car, etc.)
2) 3 hours or more have passed after eating. (For 2 to 3 hours after eating, the impedance has a tendency to
decrease.)
3) 12 hours or more have passed after vigorous exercise for measurement. (The tendency toward changes
in impedance is not stable depen
4) If possible urinate before taking measurement.
5) For repeated measurements, measure at the same hour as much as possible. (At the same time of
measurement of weight, the measurements can be made more stable by measuring at the same time of
the day)
ding on the type and rigorousness of the exercise.)
vities are carried out during this period.
ent under
Very stable measured values can be obtained by measuring under the above conditions.
And in the develop
equation.
1) Prohibition of alcohol intake for 12 hours before measurement
2) Prohibition of excessive exercise for 12 hours before measurement.
3) Prohibition of excessive eating and drinking the day before measurement
4) Prohibition of eating and drinking for 3 hours before measurement
5) Urination just before measureme
6) Avoid measurements during menstruation (for female)
2) Inter-day changes
The diagrams below offer examples of actual measurements made
of inter-day changes. A study was done to determine the degree of
change in the impedance between the feet during dehydration; the
first two days represent a normal daily routine, while in the latter
two days a state of dehydration was induced using a sauna.
No signi
impedance between the feet, or body fat percentage during the
normal daily routine. During the dehydrated state, however, a drop
in body weight of 1 was noted, with the impedance between the
feet rising approximately 15Ω on the first day of dehydration and 30
to 35Ω on the second day. As a result, body fat percentage was up
by around 1% on the first day of
the second day.
As mentioned earlier, impedance increases when body weight is
reduced (such as by dehydration), and decreases when body weight
is increased through excess consumption of food and drink. The
inter-day change in impedance is thus inversely proportional to the
change in body weight.
ficant inter-day change was measured in body weight,
ment of this equipment, the following 6 items were set as conditions for the regression
nt
Inter-day fluctuations (Weight)
Inter-day fluctuations (Impedance value)
dehydration and by 1.5 to 2% on
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These inter-day changes stem from such causes as:
1) Temporary increases in body weight (total body water) through overeating and overdrinking
2) Dehydration due to heavy sweating during vigorous exercise
3) Dehydration due to alcohol consumption or the use of diuretics
4) Dehydration due to heavy sweating during saunas, etc.
Accordingly, it is recommended that instructions be provided to the subject to h
when accurate measurements are needed.
elp eliminate these causes
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Other Information
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The Regression Formula for Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) value is known to be closely related with the Fat Free Mass (FFM). It is
also correlated with body weight, but there are issues when it is calculated from the body weight without
considering body composition evaluation. This causes a greater error range to occur. In cases where people
Other Information
have the same body weight but different composition, values for obese people that have more body fat are
overestimated, whereas those for muscular athletes are underestimated.
FFM
3000
vs BMR
Weight vs
3000
BM
R
2500
)
h
2
from breat
150
/day (
l
ca
1000
BMR k
)
y (from breath
da
/
l
MR kca
B
2500
20
1500
1000
5
0
0
0
0
0
305
Male
Female
0
70
W
eight k
011
9
gg
0
130
Male
0
0
0
0
00
5
0
1
0
3
0
JP Male JP Female US Male US Female JP Male JP Female US Male US Female
5
0
FFM k
7
Female
0
9
0
<Figure 1> Relationship of BMR from exhalation analysis with weight and FFM
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0
5
00
1000
150
0
1
0
3
0
5
0
709
0
B
MR
kc
al/day(from
b
FFMkg
0
5
0
0
1000
1500
305
0
BMR
kca
l/da
y
(
f
romb
r
Figure 1 shows that the correlation between BMR and FFM is far stronger than the correlation between BMR
and weight. The estimated regression equation for BMR developed through years of research by Tanita is
extremely accurate because it reflects differences in individual body compositions and is calculated from the
measured FFM. This estimated regression equation is based on the BMR measured using an exhalation
analyzer, and has been checked for statistical validity.
These results were presented at the First Annual Nutrition Week (American College of Nutrition, American
Society for Clinical Nutrition, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, North American
Association for the Study of Obesity) held in 2002 in San Diego.
en
Other Information
NOTE: This model has been calibrated for those between ages of 18 to 84. Those individuals outside of this
age range may not obtain accurate readings.
3000
25
h)
2000
t
rea
b
m
o
(fr
1500
ay
d
/
l
ca
10
BMR k
x
y =
+ 9E-11
2
= 0.808
R
0
R = 0.900
EE = 131.
S
p<0.000
1
4
0
00
50
0
0
0
<Figure 2> Relationship of BMR and calculated REE from Tanita multiple regression analysis model
50010001500200025003000
l
Calculated REE kca
from Multipl
(
JP Male JP Female US Male US Female
e regr
ession
y
/da
analysis model
)
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Specifications
Female
1
1
0
1
3
0
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Other Information
Impedance
Measurement
Measurement
Weight
Model Number
Accuracy Grade
Power Source
Electric Current Range
Measurement System
Measurement Frequency
Measurement Current
Electrode Materials
Measurement Part
Measurement Range
Accuracy at First Calibration
Measurement System
Maximum Capacity
Minimum Graduation
Accuracy at First Calibration
Display
MC-980MA plus
MDD: CLASS IIa
NAWI: CLASS III
230V AC (50/60Hz)
0.3A
Multi- frequency 8 electrode
1kHz / 5kHz / 50kHz / 250kHz / 500kHz / 1000kHz
90µA or less
Feet: stainless steel / Handgrips: plated
Whole body / Right arm / Left arm / Right leg / Left leg
Gender
Body Type
Age
Height
Target Body Fat %
Clothes Weight
User ID
Name
USB Type-A Port (USB host) x3
USB Type-B Port (Device) x1
LAN port x1
5°C to 35°C
30% to 80% (without condensation)
33kg
Platform size: 450 x 490mm, Height: 65mm
Height: 1240mm
0.0kg to 10.0kg (0.1kg increments)
Maximum 16 digits
Female / Male
Standard / Athletic*
5 to 99
90.0cm to 249.9cm (0.1cm increments)
4% to 55% (1% increments)
0.0kg to 10.0kg (0.1kg increments)
Maximum 16 alphanumeric characters
Maximum 16 alphanumeric characters
1
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Registered
User
Date of Birth
Gender
Body Type
Height
Target Body Fat %
Password
After 1900 (dd / mm / yyyy format)
Female / Male
Standard / Athletic*
90.0cm to 249.9cm (0.1cm increments)
4% to 55% (1% increments)
Within 10 digits
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Model NumberMC-980MA plus
Maximum 16 alphanumeric charactersSerial Number
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Output
Items
Name
Gender
Body Type
Age
Height
Clothes Weight
Date and Time
Weight
Fat %
Fat Mass
FFM
Muscle Mass
BMI
Bone Mass*
Protein (estimated)
This equipment is electronic device. Please
dispose of this equipment appropriately as
not general household waste but electronic
equipment. Please follow a regional
regulations when you dispose of this.
<Manufacturer>
TANITA Corporation
1-14-2 Maeno-cho, Itabashi-ku,
Tokyo 174-8630 Japan
TEL: +81-(0)3-3968-7048
www.tanita.co.jp
TANITA Health Equipment H.K. Ltd.
Unit 301-303, Wing On Plaza, 3/F.,
62 Mody Road,Tsimshatsui East, Kowloon,
Hong Kong
TEL: +852-2834-3917
FAX: +852-2838-8667
www.tanita.asia
<EU Representative>
TANITA Europe B.V.
Hoogoorddreef 56-E, 1101 BE
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
TEL: +31-(0)20-560-2970
FAX: +31-(0)20-560-2988
www.tanita.eu
TANITA (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd.
Room 8005, 877 Huai Hai Zhong Lu,
Shanghai,The People’s Republic of China
TEL: +86-21-6474-6803
FAX: +86-21-6474-7901
www.tanita.com.cn