Tait Electronics (Aust) Pty Ltd
186 Granite Street
Geebung
Queensland 4034
P. O . B o x 67 9
Virginia
Queensland 4014
Australia
Phone: 61 7 3865-7799
Toll Free: 1800 077-112
Fax: 61 7 3865-7990
Beijing
Tait Mobile Radio (HK) Ltd
Beijing Representative Office
Room 812, Tower A
Beijing Bright China
Chang An Building
No. 7 Jianguomennei Dai Jei
Dongcheng District
Beijing
China 100005
Canada
Tait Mobile Radio Inc.
Unit 5, 158 Anderson Avenue
Markham
Ontario L6E1A9
Canada
Phone: 1 905 472-1100
Toll Free: 1 800 890-8248
Fax: 1 905 472-5300
France
Tai t F r an c e S a rl
2 Avenue de la Cristallerie
92 316 Sèvres, Cedex
France
Phone: 33 1 41 14-05-50
Fax: 33 1 41 14-05-55
Tait Mobile Radio (HK) Ltd
Unit 2216, North Tower
Concordia Plaza
1, Science Museum Road
Tsim Sha Tsui East
Kowloon
Phone: 852 2369-3040
Fax: 852 2369-3009
New Zealand
Tait Communications Ltd
Unit 4, 75 Blenheim Road
P. O. Bo x 1 1 8 5
Christchurch
Phone: 64 3 348-3301
Fax: 64 3 343-0558
Tait Mobile (Taiwan) Ltd
1104, No. 142 Chung Hsiao E. Rd
Sec. 4
Ta ip e i
Ta iw a n
Phone: 886 2 2731-1290
Fax: 886 2 2711-6351
Thailand
Tait Mobile Radio Ltd
14/1 Suwan Tower
Third Floor
Soi Saladaeng 1
North Sathorn Road
Bangrak
Bangkok 10500
Thailand
Phone: 662 267-6290
Fax: 662 267-6293
United Kingdom
Tait Europe Ltd
Ermine Business Park
Ermine Road
Huntingdon
Cambridgeshire PE18 6YA
United Kingdom
Phone: 44 1480-52255
Fax: 44 1480-411996
USA
Tait Electronics (USA) Inc.
9434 Old Katy Road
Suite 110
Houston
Texas 77055
USA
Phone: 1 713 984-8684
Toll Free: 1 800 222-1255
Fax: 1 713 468-6944
Internet
http://www.taitworld.com
01/07/00Copyright TEL
Page 3
M830P-003
About This Manual
ScopeThis manual contains general, technical, tuning and adjustment
information on T830 Series II 50W and 100W paging base stations which comprise the following equipment:
50W base stationT837 paging exciter
T838 50W power amplifier
100W base stationT837 paging exciter
T839 100W power amplifier
PCB InformationPCB information is provided for all current issue PCBs, as well
as all previous issue PCBs manufactured in production quantities, and is grouped according to PCB. Thus, you will find the
parts list, grid reference index (if necessary), PCB layouts and
circuit diagram(s) for each individual PCB grouped together.
ErrorsIf you find an error in this manual, or have a suggestion on how
it might be improved, please do not hesitate to contact Customer
Support, Tait Electronics Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand (full
contact details are on page 2).
Updating Equipment And Manuals
In the interests of improving performance, reliability or servicing, Tait Electronics Ltd
reserve the right to update their equipment and/or manuals without prior notice.
Copyright
All information contained in this manual is the property of Tait Electronics Ltd. All
rights are reserved. This manual may not, in whole or part, be copied, photocopied,
reproduced, translated stored or reduced to any electronic medium or machine readable
form without prior written permission from Tait Electronics Ltd.
Ordering Tait Service Manuals
You can order additional copies of this manual from your nearest Tait Dealer or Customer Service Organisation. When ordering, make sure you quote the correct Tait product code ("M" number). Note that only the latest issue of the manual will be available
for order.
Copyright TEL01/07/00
Page 4
4M830P-00
Table O f C ontents
This manual is divided into eight parts as listed below, with each part being further subdivided into sections. There is a detailed table of contents at the start of each part and/
or section.
PartTitle
AIntroduction To Servicing
BT835 Receiver - not used in this manual
CT837 Paging Exciter
DT838 & T839 Power Amplifiers
ET830 VCO PCB Information
FInstallation
GT800-28-0X00 Paging Rack Frame
HT800 Ancillary Equipment
1
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Page 5
M830P-00AI
Part AIntroduction To Servicing
This part of the manual is divided into the sections listed below. These sections provide
some general and advisory information on servicing procedures, and a brief history of
PGM800Win programming software.
If you have any questions about this manual or the equipment it describes, please contact your nearest Tait Dealer or Customer Service Organisation. If necessary, you can get
additional technical help from Customer Support, Tait Electronics Ltd, Christchurch,
New Zealand (full contact details are on page 2).
When requesting information, please quote either the manual product code (e.g.
M830P-00-1TA), or the equipment product code and serial number which are printed on
a label on the back of the product (as shown in Figure 1.1).
this area used for regional
Type Approval information
T838-10-0000
Rev 1
900000
Tait Electronics Limited
Made in New Zealand
Figure 1.1 Typical Product Code & Serial Number Labels
product code
serial number
T835-10-0000 Rev 1
Tait Electronics Limited
Made in New Zealand
900000
If you require information about a particular PCB, please quote the full PCB internal
part number (IPN) which is screen printed onto the top side of the board (refer to the
appropriate PCB Information section in this manual for more details).
1.2Caution: CMOS Devices
This equipment contains CMOS Devices which are susceptible to damage from static
charges. Care when handling these devices is essential. For correct handling procedures refer to the manufacturers' data books, e.g. Philips data books covering CMOS
devices, or Motorola CMOS data books, Section 5 'Handling', etc.
An anti-static bench kit (refer to Figure 1.2) is available from Tait Electronics Ltd under
the following product codes:
• KS0001 - 1 conductive rubber bench mat
- 1 earth lead to connect the mat to ground
• KS0004 - 1 wrist strap.
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Page 8
A1.2GeneralM830P-00
conductive
wrist strap
to building earth
(not mains earth)
Figure 1.2 Typical Anti-static Bench Set-up
1.3Caution: Aerial Load
conductive rubber
bench mat
The equipment has been designed to operate safely under a wide range of aerial loading
conditions. However, we strongly recommend that the transmitter should always be
operated with a suitable load to prevent damage to the transmitter output power stage.
1.4Caution: Beryllium Oxide & Power Transistors
The RF power transistors in current use all contain some beryllium oxide. This substance, while perfectly harmless in its normal solid form, can become a severe health
hazard when it has been reduced to dust. For this reason the RF power transistors
should not be broken open, mutilated, filed, machined, or physically damaged in any
way that can produce dust particles.
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Page 9
M830P-00MechanicalA2.1
2Mechanical
2.1Torx Recess Head Screws
Torx recess head screws are becoming the standard screw head type in all T800 Series II
equipment, with Pozidriv and Philips recess head screws being used in fewer applications.
The Torx recess head has the advantage of improved screwdriver tip location, reducing
the chances of screw head damage caused by the driver tip rotating within the recess. In
addition, using a ball-tip Torx screwdriver allows you to drive a Torx head screw with
the driver on a slight angle, which can be useful in situations where access is restricted.
It is important that you use the correct Torx screwdriver tip:
M3 screws -T10
M4 screws -T20.
Figure 2.1 below shows a typical Torx recess head screw (actual hardware may differ
slightly from this illustration due to variations in manufacturing techniques).
"star" shaped recess with
six internal notches
Figure 2.1 Torx Screw Identification
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Page 10
A2.2MechanicalM830P-00
2.2Pozidriv & Philips Recess Head Screws
Pozidriv and Philips recess head screws will continue to be used in T800 Series II equipment in a few special applications. It is important that you use the correct type and size
screwdriver for each screw type to avoid damaging the screw head.
It is particularly important that you do not use Philips screwdrivers on Pozidriv screw
heads as the tapered driving flutes of the Philips screwdriver do not engage correctly
with the parallel-sided slots in the Pozidriv screw head. This can result in considerable
damage to the screw head if the screwdriver tip turns inside the recess.
Note:
If you find you need excessive downwards pressure to keep the screwdriver
tip in the Pozidriv screw head, you are probably using the wrong type and/
or size screwdriver.
Figure 2.2 below shows the main differences between typical Pozidriv and Philips screw
heads and screwdriver tips (actual hardware may differ slightly from these illustrations
due to variations in manufacturing techniques).
To carry out alignment or change option links, you need to remove only the top cover,
i.e. the one adjacent to the front panel handle and on the opposite side to the main
D-range connector (D-range 1/PL100).
You need to remove the bottom cover to access:
•Q370
• solder link SL501 (fast key option).
2.3.2Power Amplifiers
You should carry out the tuning and power output level setting procedures with the
cover on.
2.4Cover Screw Torques
Exciters.. 1.36Nm/12in.lbf.
Power Amplifiers.. 0.9Nm/in.lbf.
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A2.4MechanicalM830P-00
2.5Chassis & Cover Compatibility
The chassis and covers used in T800 Series II modules incorporate a number of design
changes to improve Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) performance. It is important that only the new-design covers are fitted to the new chassis to ensure correct
mechanical fit and continued compliance with appropriate EMC Type Approval regulations.
Figure 2.3 below shows some of the main features which can be used to identify the
new-design chassis and covers.
Chassis
←Top View
loom channel in
top of walls
Rear View
4 holes in
rear panel
→
groove in top
of rear wall
Top Cover
provision for mounting speaker
(future development)
ridge on top
of rear wall
Bottom Cover
additional walls
Figure 2.3 Identification Of New-Design Chassis & Covers
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Page 13
M830P-00Component ReplacementA3.1
3Component Replacement
3.1Leaded Components
Whenever you are doing any work on the PCB that involves removing or fitting components, you must take care not to damage the copper tracks. The two satisfactory methods of removing components from plated-through hole (PTH) PCBs are detailed below.
Note:
The first method requires the use of a desoldering station, e.g. Philips SBC
314 or Pace MBT-100E.
3.1.1Desoldering Iron Method
Place the tip over the lead and, as the solder starts to melt, move the tip in a circular motion.
Start the suction and continue the movement until 3 or 4 circles have been completed.
Remove the tip while continuing suction to ensure that all solder is removed from
the joint, then stop the suction.
Before pulling the lead out, ensure it is not stuck to the plating.
If the lead is still not free, resolder the joint and try again.
Note:
The desoldering iron does not usually have enough heat to desolder leads
from the ground plane. Additional heat may be applied by holding a soldering iron on the tip of the desoldering iron (this may require some additional help).
3.1.2Component Cutting Method
Cut the leads on the component side of the PCB.
Heat the solder joint
out from the component side: do
Fill the hole with solder and then clear with solderwick.
Copyright TEL01/07/00
sufficiently
to allow
not
easy
use undue force.
removal of the lead by drawing it
Page 14
A3.2Component ReplacementM830P-00
3.2Surface Mount Devices
Caution:Surface mount devices (SMDs) require special storage, handling,
removal and replacement techniques. This equipment should be serviced only by an approved Tait Dealer or Customer Service Organisation equipped with the necessary facilities. Repairs attempted with
incorrect equipment or by untrained personnel may result in permanent damage. If in doubt, contact your nearest Tait Dealer or Customer
Service Organisation.
3.3Cased Mica Capacitors
Cased mica capacitors can be removed by heating the top with a heavy-duty soldering
iron and gently lifting the capacitor off the PCB with a solder-resistant spike or equivalent.
01/07/00Copyright TEL
Page 15
M830P-00Software HistoryA4.1
4Software History
28/06/96PGM800Win Version 1.0
18/08/97PGM800Win Version 2.00
4.1PGM800Win V1.0
PGM800Win V1.0 is different in concept from DOS versions of PGM800 in that it is Win-
1
dows
PGM800.
The major changes are outlined below:
based. It also includes many new and improved features over DOS versions of
•The Windows
•PGM800Win includes several new radio models which are not programmable
with DOS versions of PGM800.
•Out of range frequencies will result in warning messages and will not be accepted
for entry into the standard library module. User defined modules can be created,
however, allowing variation from the standard library module.
•Channel numbers default to 0-127 to match the EPROM memory locations. However, the user can change this setting so that the channel numbers run from 1-128
to suit his/her particular needs.
Note:
The data files produced by BASEPROG V1.0 and all DOS versions of
PGM800 are still compatible with PGM800Win V1.0.
environment makes data entry and editing significantly easier.
4.2PGM800Win V2.00
PGM800Win V2.00 is an upgraded and expanded version of PGM800Win V1.0. It has
been developed specifically for T800 Series II base stations, but retains the ability to program Series I equipment.
The major changes are outlined below:
•PGM800Win V2.0 will program T800 Series II base station modules via serial communications.
•Deviation and reference modulation settings are written automatically to the
radio.
1. Windows is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation.
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A4.2Software HistoryM830P-00
•Extra information that is not stored in the radio (but which is still relevant to the
radio) can be saved to a file on disk (e.g. note field, auxiliary pin names, etc.).
Note:
The data files produced by BASEPROG V1.0, all DOS versions of PGM800,
and PGM800Win V1.0 are still compatible with PGM800Win V2.00.
01/07/00Copyright TEL
Page 17
M830P-00BI
Part BT835 Receiver
The T835 receiver is not covered in this manual. Refer to M830-00-201 (or later issue) for
servicing information on the T835.
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BIIM830P-00
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M830P-00CI
Part CT837 Paging Exciter
This part of the manual is divided into six sections, as listed below. There is a detailed
table of contents at the start of each section.
SectionTitle
1General Information
2Circuit Operation
3Initial Tuning & Adjustment
4Functional Testing
5Fault Finding
6PCB Information
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CIIM830P-00
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M830P-00T837 General InformationC1.1
1T837 General Information
This section provides a brief description of the T837 paging exciter, along with detailed
specifications and a list of types available.
The following topics are covered in this section.
SectionTitlePage
1.1Introduction1.5
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.4
1.2.5
1.2.6
1.2.6.1
1.2.6.2
1.2.6.3
1.3Product Codes1.10
1.5T837 Paging Product Range1.11
Specifications
Introduction
General
RF Section
Low Speed Paging Modulator
Microcontroller
Tes t S ta nd a r ds
European Telecommunication Standard
Telecommunications Industry Association
Chinese Radio Regulatory Commission
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.9
FigureTitlePage
1.1T837 Main Circuit Block Identification1.4
1.2T837 Front Panel Controls1.4
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C1.2T837 General InformationM830P-00
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M830P-00T837 General InformationC1.3
replace A4 pages C1.3/C1.4 with A3 pages C1.3/C1.4
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C1.4T837 General InformationM830P-00
replace A4 pages C1.3/C1.4 with A3 pages C1.3/C1.4
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M830P-00T837 General InformationC1.5
1.1Introduction
The T837 is a synthesised, microprocessor controlled, DFSK low speed paging exciter
designed for single or multichannel
1
operation in the 148 to 174MHz frequency range2.
With a standard power output of only 800mW, the exciter is designed for use with the
T839 100W power amplifier. The RF section of the exciter comprises a frequency synthesiser which provides 170mW of frequency modulated RF drive to a two stage, wide
band output amplifier. The synthesiser frequency is programmed via the serial communications port.
The low speed paging modulator section provides DFSK modulation. It incorporates a
TCXO frequency reference and uses two point modulation to achieve modulation of
data rates from 2400bps down to DC.
All components except those of the VCO are mounted on a single PCB. This is secured
to a die-cast chassis which is divided into compartments to individually shield each section of circuitry. Access to both sides of the main circuit board is obtained by removing
each of the chassis lids. There is provision within the chassis to mount small option
PCBs.
The front panel has two indicator LEDs to show when the transmit carrier is on (red)
and when the DC supply is connected (green). The T837 is 60mm wide and occupies a
single space in a Tait rack frame, which has the ability to accommodate up to seven
standard modules.
1. Although you can program the microcontroller with up to 128 channels, you must
carry out the modulation adjustment procedure if you change frequency (see Section
3.5).
2. Although capable of operating over the 148-174MHz frequency range, the T837 has an
8MHz VCO switching range (see Section 1.2.3 and Section 3.1).
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C1.6T837 General InformationM830P-00
1.2Specifications
1.2.1Introduction
The performance figures given are minimum figures, unless otherwise indicated, for
equipment tuned with the maximum switching range and operating at standard room
temperature (+22°C to +28°C) and standard test voltage (13.8V DC).
Where applicable, the test methods used to obtain the following performance figures are
those described in the EIA and ETS specifications. However, there are several parameters for which performance according to the Chinese specification GB/T 15938 is given.
Refer to Section 1.2.6 for details of test standards.
Details of test methods and the conditions which apply for Type Approval testing in all
countries can be obtained from Tait Electronics Ltd.
1.2.2General
Number Of Channels.. 128 (standard)
Supply Voltage:
Operating Voltage .. 10.8 to 16V DC
Standard Test Voltage.. 13.8V DC
Polarity .. negative earth only
Polarity Protection .. crowbar diode
Line Keying Supply (if required) .. -50V DC
Supply Current:
Tr an s mi t. . < 6 50 m A
Standby- T837-2X-1020.. <150mA
- T837-2X-1021.. <200mA
Operating Temperature Range.. -30°C to +60°C
Dimensions:
Height .. 183mm
Width .. 60mm
Length .. 320mm
1
Weight .. 2.1kg
Time-Out Timer (optional) .. 0 to 5 minutes
ond steps
1. Additional channels may be factory programmed. Contact your nearest Tait Dealer or
Customer Service Organisation.
2. Adjustable from 0 to 10 minutes in PGM800Win version 2.12 and later.
01/07/00Copyright TEL
2
adjustable in 10 sec-
Page 27
M830P-00T837 General InformationC1.7
Tail Timer .. 0 to 5 seconds adjustable in 100ms1
steps
Tra ns mi t K ey Tim e:
T837-20-102X.. <100ms
T837-26-102X.. <30ms
Transmit Lockout Timer.. 0 to 1 minute adjustable in 10 second
steps
1.2.3RF Section
Frequency Range .. 148-174MHz
Modulation Type .. DFSK
Frequency Increment:
T837-20-102X.. 5 or 6.25kHz
T837-26-102X.. 2.5 or 3.125kHz
VCO Switching Range .. 8MHz
Load Impedance.. 50 ohms
Frequency Stability:
T837-2X-1020.. ±1.0ppm, -20°C to +70°C
±2.0ppm, -30°C to +70°C
T837-2X-1021.. ±1.5ppm, -30°C to +70°C
External Reference Frequency.. 100kHz to 25.6MHz in 100kHz steps
(T837-2X-1021)
External Reference Amplitude.. 0 to +10dBm into 50Ω
Open Drain Type.. capable of sinking 2.25mA via 2k2Ω
max... 5V
V
ds
1.2.6Test Standards
Where applicable, this equipment is tested in accordance with the following standards.
1.2.6.1European Telecommunication Standard
ETS 300 113 March 1996
Radio equipment and systems; land mobile service; technical characteristics and test
conditions for radio equipment intended for the transmission of data (and speech) and
having an antenna connector.
1.2.6.2Telecommunications Industry Association
ANSI/TIA/EIA-603-1992
Land mobile FM or PM communications equipment measurement and performance
standards.
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M830P-00T837 General InformationC1.9
1.2.6.3Chinese Radio Regulatory Commission
GB/T 15938 - 1995
General specification for equipment of radio paging systems.
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C1.10T837 General InformationM830P-00
1.3Product Codes
The three groups of digits in the T830 Series II product code provide information about
the model, type and options fitted, according to the conventions described below.
The following explanation of T830 Series II product codes is not intended to suggest that
any combination of features is necessarily available in any one product. Consult your
nearest Tait Dealer or Customer Service Organisation for more information regarding
the availability of specific models, types and options.
Model
The Model group indicates the basic function of the product, as follows:
T83X
-XX-XXXXT837 exciter
T838 50W power amplifier
T839 100W power amplifier
Type
The Type group uses two digits to indicate the basic RF configuration of the product.
The first digit in the Type group designates the frequency range:
T83X-X
The second digit in the Type group indicates the channel spacing:
T83X-XX
X-XXXX’2’ for 148-174MHz
-XXXX’0’ for wide bandwidth (25kHz) - standard
’6’ for wide bandwidth (25kHz) - USA
Options
T83X-XX-XXXXThe Options group uses four digits and/or letters to indicate
any options that may be fitted to the product. This includes
standard options and special options for specific customers.
’0000’ indicates a standard Tait product with no options fitted.
The large number of options precludes listing them here.
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M830P-00T837 General InformationC1.11
1.4T837 Paging Product Range
The following table lists the range of T837 paging product types available at the time
this manual was published. Consult your nearest Tait Dealer or Customer Service
Organisation for more information.
Frequency Range (MHz)148-174
Deviation (kHz)5
Baud Rate (bps)1200120024002400
Frequency Increments (kHz)5/6.255/6.252.5/3.1252.5/3.125
±1.0ppm -20°C to +70°C
TCXO
Exciter Type: T837-20-102020-102126-102026-1021
±2.0ppm -30°C to +70°C
±1.5ppm -20°C to +70°C
••
••
You can identify the exciter type by checking the product code printed on a label on the
rear of the chassis (Figure 1.1 in Part A shows typical labels). You can further verify the
exciter type by checking the placement of an SMD resistor in the table that is screen
printed onto the PCB (refer to Section 6.1 for more details).
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C1.12T837 General InformationM830P-00
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Page 33
M830P-00T837 Circuit OperationC2.1
2T837 Circuit Operation
This section provides a basic description of the circuit operation of the T837 paging
exciter.
Note:
Refer to Section 6 where the parts lists, grid reference index and diagrams will provide
detailed information on identifying and locating components and test points on the
main PCB. The parts list and diagrams for the VCO PCB are in Part E.
The following topics are covered in this section.
Unless otherwise specified, the term "PGM800Win" used in this and following sections refers to version 2.00 and later of the software.
SectionTitlePage
2.1Introduction2.3
2.2Microcontroller2.4
2.3
2.3.1
2.4
2.4.1
2.5
Synthesised Local Oscillator
Two Point Modulation
VCO
VCO Supply
Low Speed Paging Modulator
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.5.1
2.5.2
2.5.3
2.5.4
2.5.5
2.5.6
2.6Power Supply & Regulator Circuits2.11
2.7Transmit Timers2.12
2.8Exciter Drive Amplifier2.13
General
AFC/PLL Operation
Data Path
External Reference Frequency (T837-2X-1021 Only)
Keying Inputs
Paging Modulator Links
2.8
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.10
2.10
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Page 34
C2.2T837 Circuit OperationM830P-00
FigureTitlePage
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
T837 High Level Block Diagram
T837 Microcontroller Block Diagram
T837 Synthesiser Block Diagram
T837 AFC Block Diagram
T837 Power Supply & Regulators Block Diagram
T837 Transmit Timers
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.8
2.11
2.12
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M830P-00T837 Circuit OperationC2.3
2.1Introduction
The individual circuit blocks which make up the T837 are:
• synthesiser
•VCO
•paging modulator
•drive amplifier
• voltage regulators.
Each of these circuit blocks is set in its own shielded compartment, formed as an integral part of the main chassis.
The configuration of the circuit blocks may be seen on a functional level in Figure 2.1.
Refer to the circuit diagrams in Section 6.2 for more detail.
Reference
Oscillator
12.8MHz
Data
Tx Reg
Drive
Amp.
Ramp
Gen.
Synthesiser
Paging
Modulator
+22dBm
Lock
Detect
&
Gate
PIN
Switch
Time
Delay
Time
Delay
Figure 2.1 T837 High Level Block Diagram
Switching
Control
Low Pass
Filter
Exciter
Output
(800mW)
PA Control Signal
(via exciter RF coax)
VCO
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Page 36
C2.4T837 Circuit OperationM830P-00
2.2Microcontroller
(Refer to the microcontroller circuit diagram (sheet 8) in Section 6.2.)
Watchdog
Reset
Microcontroller Cavity
Channel
Auxiliary
Output
EEPROM
Select
Port
Port
Synthesiser
12.8MHz
Clock
External
Serial
Port
5V Digital
Regulator
5VReset
Microcontroller
Converter
Figure 2.2 T837 Microcontroller Block Diagram
Overall system control of the T837 is accomplished by the use of a member of the 80C51
family of microcontrollers (IC810). It runs from internal ROM and RAM, thus leaving
all four ports free for input/output functions.
Non-volatile data storage is achieved by serial communication with a 16kBit EEPROM
(IC820). This serial bus is also used by the microcontroller to program the synthesiser
(IC740).
The main tasks of the microcontroller are as follows:
• program the synthesiser;
• interface with the PGM800Win programming software at 9600 baud via the
serial communication lines on D-range 1 (PL100);
• coordinate and implement timing control of the exciter;
• control the front panel "Supply" LED (refer to Section 5.3).
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M830P-00T837 Circuit OperationC2.5
m
2.3Synthesised Local Oscillator
(Refer to the synthesiser circuit diagram (sheet 7) in Section 6.2 and the VCO circuit diagram in Part E.)
12.8MHz
Reference
Oscillator
Ref
Mod
Serial
Bus
Paging
Modulator
Clk
Data
En
FREQUENCY SYNTHESISER IC
Reference
12.8MHz
f
ref
Divider
/R
Controller
Phase
Detector
Charge
Pump
Programmable
Divider
/N
Loop
Filter
Prescaler
64/65
Modulation
f
in
VCO
VCOBuffer
Σ
Divider Buffer
Figure 2.3 T837 Synthesiser Block Diagram
The synthesiser (IC740) employs a phase-locked loop (PLL) to lock a voltage controlled
oscillator (VCO) to a given reference frequency. The synthesiser receives the divider
information from the control microprocessor via a 3 wire serial bus (clock, data, enable).
When the data has been latched in, the synthesiser processes the incoming signals from
the VCO buffer (f
) and the phase modulator (f
in
ref
).
A 12.8MHz reference frequency is fed from the paging modulator section to the frequency synthesiser Ref
(IC740 pin 20). This reference frequency is derived from the
in
VCXO (X101), which is locked to the internal frequency standard provided by the TCXO
(X100). The reference frequency has been modulated in the VCXO by the incoming data
to allow the synthesiser loop to modulate down to DC. This 12.8MHz reference frequency is divided down to 6.25kHz or 5.0kHz in the synthesiser IC (IC740).
VCO PCB
Output
Buffer
+22dB
L.O.
A buffered output of the VCO (Q795) is divided with a prescaler and programmable
divider which is incorporated into the synthesiser chip (IC740). This signal is compared
with the phase modulated reference signal at the phase detector (also part of the synthesiser chip). The phase detector outputs drive a balanced charge pump circuit (Q760,
Q770, Q775, Q780, Q785) and active loop filter (IC750 pins 5, 6 & 7) which produces a
DC voltage between 0V and 20V to tune the VCO. This VCO control line is further filtered to attenuate noise and other spurious signals. Note that the VCO frequency
increases with increasing control voltage.
If the synthesiser loop loses lock, a pulsed signal appears at LD (pin 2) of IC740. This
signal is filtered and buffered by IC750 pins 1, 2 & 3, producing the Lock-Detect signal
used to shut off the power supply to the drive amplifier. IC750 pin 1 is at 20V when the
synthesiser is out of lock.
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C2.6T837 Circuit OperationM830P-00
2.3.1Two Point Modulation
Frequency modulation occurs by modulating both the VCO input and the synthesiser
reference input. This process is called two point modulation and ensures a flat modulation response from 0 to 2400bps.
The PLL has a fast response time, allowing a Tx key-up time of <30ms. Because of this
fast response time the PLL sees lower modulation frequencies superimposed on the
VCO as an error and corrects for it, resulting in no modulation on the carrier. At modulation frequencies greater than 300Hz the loop cannot correct fast enough and modulation is seen on the carrier.
To achieve low frequency modulation, the reference oscillator is also modulated so that
the phase detector of IC740 detects no frequency error under modulation. Thus, the
synthesiser loop will not attempt to correct for modulation and the data frequency
response of the transmitter remains unaffected.
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M830P-00T837 Circuit OperationC2.7
2.4VCO
(Refer to the VCO circuit diagram in Part E.)
The VCO transistor (Q1) operates in a common source configuration, with an LC tank
circuit coupled between its gate and drain to provide the feedback necessary for oscillation. The VCO control voltage from the loop filter (IC750 pin 7) is applied to the varicaps (D1-D4) to facilitate tuning within an 8MHz band of frequencies. A trimcap (CV1)
is used for coarse tuning of the VCO. The output from the oscillator circuit drives a cascode amplifier stage (Q2, Q3) which supplies +10dBm (typically) to a further stage of
amplification, Q5. This is the final amplifier on the VCO PCB, and delivers +22dBm
(typically) to the exciter drive amplifier.
A low level "sniff" is taken from the output of Q3 and used to drive the divider buffer
(Q795) for the synthesiser (IC740).
The VCO operates at the actual output frequency of the exciter, i.e. there are no multiplier stages. The VCO is modulated by superimposing the data signal onto the control
voltage and by frequency modulating the reference signal.
2.4.1VCO Supply
The VCO is supplied from two switched +9V supplies under the control of the Tx-Reg.
supply.
The VCO (Q1) and buffer amplifier (Q2 & Q3) are supplied from one +9V switched supply by Q540 via the capacitor multiplier (Q550, C550).
The output amplifier is supplied from the other +9V supply by Q520, Q530, and Q510.
A delay circuit holds the VCO on for a short time after the Tx-Reg. supply has been
switched off. This is to allow the RF power circuits (both exciter and PA) to ramp down
in the correct manner before the VCO is switched off.
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C2.8T837 Circuit OperationM830P-00
2.5Low Speed Paging Modulator
(Refer to the low speed paging modulator circuit diagram (sheet 2) in Section 6.2.)
2.5.1General
The T837-2X-102X is a dedicated paging exciter. The low speed paging modulator section of the exciter accepts TTL data at the D-range input and modulates the synthesiser
using a two point modulation method that provides modulation of data input frequencies of 2400bps down to DC (all 1’s or all 0’s).
The paging modulator section incorporates a TCXO frequency reference and a modulatable VCXO which is locked to the reference frequency from the TCXO.
The paging modulator also has provision for fitting an optional FFSK modem PCB.
2.5.2AFC/PLL Operation
-1
+
Data Line
Summing
Amp.
Modulated
Reference
Figure 2.4 T837 AFC Block Diagram
The TCXO is the default frequency standard. In PLL mode, the slave 12.8MHz VCXO is
phase locked to the TCXO. Both the TCXO and the VCXO outputs are clipped in IC100
and IC102 and then frequency divided by 4 in the twisted ring counters, IC105 (TCXO)
and IC110 (VCXO). The slave VCXO is also fed to the synthesiser reference input.
VCXOAFC
Loop Filter
12.8MHz
TCXO
Each twisted ring counter provides four divide-by-four outputs, the Q and not Q having
the relative phases 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°. These two signals are combined in the two
XOR gate phase discriminators in IC115 to provide two beat frequencies that are in
phase quadrature. Both these outputs are filtered to pass the low frequency beat signal,
which is a 5Vpp triangle wave.
The output from pin 8 of IC115 is then differentiated to provide a further 90° phase
shifted square wave output on pin 14 of IC120. The amplitude of the output is proportional to the frequency difference between the TXCO and the VCXO. The square wave
is then rectified by gating the signal with an inverted version of itself through a CMOS
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M830P-00T837 Circuit OperationC2.9
switch. The switch is controlled by a square wave derived from the triangle wave on
pin 7 of IC120. This square wave will either be in-phase or inverted with respect to the
output on pin 14 of IC120, depending on whether the VCXO frequency is higher or
lower than the TCXO frequency.
The output from the CMOS switch (pin 14 of IC150) is a direct voltage which has amplitude and sense that is relative to the beat frequency. This signal is used as the control
voltage for the VCXO. The rectified signal is then summed with an inverted version of
the data, which cancels the effect of the data on the loop filter but still allows the VCXO
to follow the TCXO frequency. Although the VCXO and TCXO are not on the same frequency when data is being applied, the VCXO frequency will not drift with respect to
the TCXO.
2.5.3Data Path
The input data enters the radio via pin 12 of D-range 1 (PL100). The data is fed into the
paging modulator at I/O pad P101, which is buffered by Q100, and then through an
XOR gate (IC115 pins 2 & 3) which gives the option of inverting the data.
IC140 pins 5 & 6 translate the level of the signal to 9Vpp, and then the data passes
through an attenuator and data filter. The data path is switched at the output of the filter by IC150 pins 1, 2 & 15, which allows the data to be removed from the AFC loop for
testing purposes.
From the switch the data travels three paths:
• The first path is via RV100 to the LOOP-MOD output to modulate the VCO.
• The second path is through RV101 to the summing amp. This data modulates
the control line of the VCXO, which produces the modulated reference.
• The third data path, which originates at the switch, is the feedforward data
path. The data is inverted, attenuated by RV102 and then summed with the
output of the AFC. The effect of this data path is to stop the loop filter from
correcting the VCXO frequency deviation caused by the data on the data line.
2.5.4External Reference Frequency (T837-2X-1021 Only)
The paging modulator section of the T837-2X-1021 exciter incorporates an additional
synthesiser (*IC200) which can be configured to provide a 12.8MHz reference frequency
from an external frequency standard. This external frequency can be from 100kHz up to
25.6MHz in 100kHz steps.
When using an external reference, you must set the onboard synthesiser’s reference frequency according to the frequency of the external reference. This is achieved by placing
resistors *%R240 - *%R247 in a pattern corresponding to a binary number which represents the reference divider ratio (see Section 3.6).
The internal TCXO (%X100) is used as the standard reference frequency, but is phaselocked to the external frequency when this is applied.
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C2.10T837 Circuit OperationM830P-00
When there is no external reference frequency present, *Q104 is turned off and *IC160
switches 2.5V DC to the AFC input of the internal TCXO. The reference frequency can
be adjusted by the trimmer on the TCXO itself.
When an external reference frequency is present, *Q104 switches on and *IC160 switches
the synthesiser phase detector output voltage to the AFC input of the internal TCXO. A
buffered 12.8MHz output of the internal TCXO is fed back to the synthesiser oscillator
input and compared with the external reference frequency, thus ensuring that the internal TCXO is phase-locked to the external reference frequency.
The synthesiser Lock-Detect signal drives an LED *D116 on the main PCB which is lit
when the synthesiser is locked to the external reference frequency. The Lock-Detect signal is also fed to pin 8 of D-range 1 (PL100) for external monitoring purposes. The output is low when the synthesiser is locked.
2.5.5Keying Inputs
There are two ways to key the exciter:
• pulling the Tx-Key line low (pin 13 on D-range 1 [PL100]) at the rear of the set);
• via the modem carrier detect line when the optional modem PCB is fitted.
Note:
Link S100 must be connected when using the Tx-Key line input.
2.5.6Paging Modulator Links
Three solder links are provided in the paging modulator circuit. Their functions are
described in the following table:
Standard
LinkFunction
S100Tx-Keylinkedties the Tx-Key line to +5V for earthed Tx-Key
S101invert datanot linkedinverts the incoming data
S102invert keynot linkedinverts the key line (connected when using
SettingDescription
line operation
modem carrier detect)
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M830P-00T837 Circuit OperationC2.11
2.6Power Supply & Regulator Circuits
(Refer to the regulators circuit diagram (sheet 6) in Section 6.2.)
+9V
Buffer
Tx Enable
Micro-
controller
Power
Switch
Tx Reg.
13.8V Nom.
From Rear
D-Range
Crowbar
Diode
13.8V
Nom.
5V
Reg
DC
Amp
5V5V Dig9V20V
Switching
PS
5V Dig
Reg
Watchdog
Timer
LVI
Figure 2.5 T837 Power Supply & Regulators Block Diagram
The T837 is designed to operate from a 10.8-16V DC supply (13.8V nominal). A 5.3V
regulator (IC630) runs directly from the 13.8V rail, driving much of the synthesiser circuitry. It is also used as the reference for a DC amplifier (IC640, Q630, Q620) which provides a medium current capability 9V supply.
A switching power supply (Q660, Q670) runs from the 9V supply and provides a low
current capability +20V supply. This is used to drive the synthesiser loop filter (IC750),
giving a VCO control voltage range of up to 20V, and the Lock-Detect amplifiers.
Ultimate control of the transmitter is via the Tx-Reg. supply, switched from 9V by Q610.
This is enabled via the Tx-Enable signal from the modulator, and microprocessor.
µP
µP
Reset
A crowbar diode is fitted for protection against connection to a power supply of incorrect polarity. It also provides transient overvoltage protection.
Note:
A fuse must be fitted in the power supply line for the diode to provide effective protection.
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C2.12T837 Circuit OperationM830P-00
2.7Transmit Timers
The transmit tail timer, transmit timeout timer and transmit lockout timer can all be set
from PGM800Win. The fields for setting these are found on the system information
page. These three timers operate as follows (refer also to Figure 2.6):
TimerFunctionAdjustment
Transmit TailSets the tail time during which the
transmitter stays keyed after the external key source has been removed.
Transmit TimeoutSets the maximum continuous trans-
mission time. Once the timer has
timed out, the transmitter must be
keyed again, unless prevented by the
transmit lockout timer.
Transmit LockoutSets the period of time that must
elapse after a timeout before the transmitter can re-transmit. Once the timer
has timed out, the transmitter can be
keyed again.
a. Adjustable in 20ms steps in PGM800Win version 2.12 and later.
b. Adjustable from 0 to 600 seconds in PGM800Win version 2.12 and later.
Tx-Enable
On
Tx-Enable
Tx-Reg.
0-5 seconds in 100ms
a
steps
0-300 secondsb in 10
second steps
0-60 seconds in 10
second steps
Tail Time
On
Tx-Reg.
Lockout Time
Timeout
Time
Figure 2.6 T837 Transmit Timers
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M830P-00T837 Circuit OperationC2.13
2.8Exciter Drive Amplifier
(Refer to Figure 2.1 and the exciter circuit diagram (sheet 3) in Section 6.2.)
A two-stage, wide band amplifier (Q365, Q370) provides an output level of approximately 800mW (+29dBm) for an input of 170mW (+22dBm) from the VCO. IC330 pins
5, 6 & 7, Q310, and Q315 provide a 10.5V regulated supply for the exciter.
To reduce the spurious output level when the synthesiser is out-of-lock, the Tx-Reg. and
Lock-Detect signals are gated to inhibit the exciter control circuit and to switch off the
RF signal at the input to the drive amplifier. This is achieved by a PIN switch attenuator
(D340, D350, D360).
Cyclic keying control is provided by additional circuitry consisting of several time
delay, ramp and gate stages:
• Q305, IC330 pins 5, 6 & 7power ramping
• Q340, Q345Tx-Reg. and Lock-Detect
• Q320, Q325, Q330, Q335delay and PIN switch drive.
This is to allow the RF power circuits (both exciter and PA) to ramp up and down in a
controlled manner so that minimal adjacent channel interference is generated during
the transition.
R359, R342 and R344 form a 6dB attenuator to provide good VCO/drive amplifier isolation.
The output attenuator (R360, R362, R364, R366) assists in reducing exciter/PA interaction while also ensuring a good match for Q370.
Note:
The exciter provides a DC control signal to the PA via the RF coax. This is
injected via L390.
gate
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C2.14T837 Circuit OperationM830P-00
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M830P-00T837 Initial Tuning & AdjustmentC3.1
3T837 Initial Tuning & Adjustment
Caution:This equipment contains CMOS devices which are susceptible to dam-
age from static charges. Refer to Section 1.2 in Part A for more information on anti-static procedures when handling these devices.
The following section describes the full tuning and adjustment procedure and provides
information on:
• channel programming
• synthesiser alignment
• modulator adjustment
• external reference frequency configuration (T837-2X-1021 only).
Note:
Refer to Section 6 where the parts lists, grid reference index and diagrams will provide
detailed information on identifying and locating components and test points on the
main PCB. The parts list and diagrams for the VCO PCB are in Part E.
Unless otherwise specified, the term "PGM800Win" used in this and following sections refers to version 2.00 and later of the software.
SectionTitlePage
3.1Introduction3.3
3.2Channel Programming3.3
3.3Test Equipment Required3.4
3.4Synthesiser Alignment3.5
3.5Modulator Adjustment3.6
3.6External Reference Frequency Configuration
(T837-2X-1021 Only)
3.7
FigureTitlePage
3.1
3.2
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T837 Test Equipment Set-up
T837 100Hz VCO Control Line Wave Form
3.4
3.6
Page 48
C3.2T837 Initial Tuning & AdjustmentM830P-00
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M830P-00T837 Initial Tuning & AdjustmentC3.3
3.1Introduction
When you receive your T837 exciter it will be run up and working on a particular frequency (the "default channel")
8MHz VCO switching range (i.e. ±4MHz from the factory programmed frequency), you
will need to:
• reprogram the exciter with the PGM800Win software (refer to the PGM800Win
programming kit and Section 3.2 below);
• carry out the modulator adjustment procedure described in Section 3.5.
However, if you want to switch to a frequency outside the 8MHz VCO switching range,
you will have to:
• reprogram the exciter with the PGM800Win software;
• carry out the synthesiser alignment procedure described in Section 3.4;
• carry out the modulator adjustment procedure described in Section 3.5.
1
. If you want to switch to a frequency that is within the
3.2Channel Programming
You can program up to 128 channel frequencies into the exciter’s EEPROM memory
(IC820) by using the PGM800Win software package and an IBM
PGM800Win to select the exciter’s current operating frequency (or "default channel").
PC. You can also use
If the exciter is installed in a rack frame, you can program it via the programming port
in the speaker panel. However, you can also program the exciter before it is installed in
a rack frame as follows:
• by using a T800-01-0010 calibration test unit;
•via D-range 1.
If you do not use the T800-01-0010, you will have to connect the PC to the exciter via a
module programming interface (such as the T800-01-0004).
For a full description of the channel programming procedure, refer to the PGM800Win
programming software user’s manual.
1. Use the "Read Module" function in PGM800Win to find out what the default channel is.
via module programming interface
(e.g. T800-01-0004)
Com
20dB pad
Key
RF O/P
RF Power
Meter
Frequency
Counter
Modulation
Meter
AF O/P
Oscilloscope
PGM
Win
Figure 3.1 T837 Test Equipment Set-up
Note:
Although the T800-01-0010 calibration test unit can be used to program the
T837 paging exciter, it is not suitable for tuning and adjustment procedures
because of the different pin allocations of D-range 1 (PL100).
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M830P-00T837 Initial Tuning & AdjustmentC3.5
3.4Synthesiser Alignment
Ensure that the T837 has been programmed with the required frequencies using
PGM800Win software.
Select a channel using PGM800Win.
Connect a high impedance voltmeter to PL4-1 or the junction of L1 and R1 in the
VCO (this measures the synthesiser loop voltage).
Key the transmitter by earthing the Tx-Key line.
Tune VCO trimmer CV1 for a synthesiser loop voltage of 9V.
Check that the exciter output power is 800mW ±200mW (measured at the rear
panel N-type connector).
If required, measure and adjust the exciter output frequency as follows:
• apply +5V DC to pin 11 of D-range 1 (PL100) - this changes the mode of
operation to PLL so that the carrier frequency can be observed - and measure the output frequency at the rear panel N-type connector;
• adjust the trimmer on the TCXO (%X100) if required;
• remove the +5V DC from pin 11.
Caution:This trimmer is susceptible to physical damage. Do not exert a down-
ward force of more than 500g (1lb) when adjusting.
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C3.6T837 Initial Tuning & AdjustmentM830P-00
3.5Modulator Adjustment
Apply +5V DC to pin 12 (DATA input) of D-range 1.
Monitor the exciter output frequency and adjust RV102 (DC frequency offset) to
give an output frequency of F
Remove the +5V DC from pin 12 and apply a 100Hz 5Vp-p square wave to pin 12.
Monitor the signal at TP100 with an AC coupled oscilloscope set to 50mV/div.
and adjust RV101 (reference modulation) until the triangle wave amplitude is
minimised.
Change the frequency of the square wave to 600Hz.
Monitor the frequency deviation on the exciter output with a modulation meter
and adjust RV100 (VCO modulation) to obtain ±4.5kHz deviation.
Monitor the VCO control line at PL4-1 or the junction of L1 and R1 in the VCO
using an AC coupled oscilloscope set to at least 20mV/div.
carrier
+ 4.5kHz.
Change the frequency of the square wave back to 100Hz and check that the control
line still has a good trapezoidal wave form with flat top and bottom.
Note 1:
Note 2:
You may have to readjust RV101 & RV100 alternately to achieve a square
wave on the VCO control line at both 600Hz and 100Hz with a deviation of
±4.5kHz. Figure 3.2 shows a typical 100Hz VCO control line wave form
with RV101 and RV100 set correctly.
Figure 3.2
If the lower cut off frequency of an AC coupled oscilloscope is too high,
excessive distortion may be introduced which will result in ‘sag’ on the
square wave displayed. Determine if this is a problem by directly monitoring the original square wave source and observe any sag. If there is sag,
switch the oscilloscope to DC and use a 10µF capacitor in series with the
oscilloscope probe (observing the correct polarity) to directly monitor the
VCO control line. Note that the trace settling time will be approximately
one minute.
T837 100Hz VCO Control Line Wave Form
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M830P-00T837 Initial Tuning & AdjustmentC3.7
3.6External Reference Frequency Configuration
(T837-2X-1021 Only)
When using an external reference frequency, you must set the onboard synthesiser’s reference frequency according to the frequency of the external reference. This is achieved
by placing resistors *%R240 - *%R247 in a pattern corresponding to a binary number
which represents the reference divider ratio.
If you are using a 10MHz external reference frequency, you need only carry out steps 4
and 5 in this section. You do not need to carry out steps 1, 2 and 3 because the T837 has
already been configured at the factory for a 10MHz external reference.
However, if you are using an external reference frequency other than 10MHz, you must
configure the internal synthesiser as described in steps 1, 2 and 3 before proceeding to
steps 4 and 5.
1.Divide the external oscillator frequency by 100kHz.
2.Convert the result to binary. You can use the following table to do this: select the
binary values in row three which add up to the result obtained in step 1, then
place a “1” in these positions and a “0” in the others.
MSBLSB
N7N6N5N4N3N2N1N0
128
10
64
10
32
10
16
10
8
10
4
10
2
10
1
10
*%R240*%R241*%R242*%R243*%R244*%R245*%R246*%R247
3.Where there is a “0” in the binary number, place a zero ohm resistor in the corresponding component location shown in the table. Where there is a “1”, leave an
open link.
Example:
The following example shows the resistor pattern for a 10MHz external reference frequency is calculated.
4.Connect the external reference frequency at a level of 0dBm to +10dBm/50Ω into
the external reference input and check that green LED *D116 lights.
5.Measure the TCXO (%X100) AFC voltage at %IC160 pin 4 with a high impedance
voltmeter and adjust the TXCO trimmer (if necessary) to obtain 2.5V DC ±0.2V.
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M830P-00T837 Functional TestingC4.1
4T837 Functional Testing
Caution:This equipment contains CMOS devices which are susceptible to dam-
age from static charges. Refer to Section 1.2 in Part A for more information on anti-static procedures when handling these devices.
The following test procedures will confirm that the T837 has been tuned and adjusted
correctly and is fully operational.
Note:
Refer to Figure 4.2 for the location of the main tuning and adjustment controls, and to
Section 3.3 for the test equipment set-up. Refer also to Section 6 where the parts lists,
grid reference index and diagrams will provide detailed information on identifying and
locating components and test points on the main PCB. The parts list and diagrams for
the VCO PCB are in Part E.
The following topics are covered in this section.
Unless otherwise specified, the term "PGM800Win" used in this and following sections refers to version 2.00 and later of the software.
SectionTitlePage
4.1Current Consumption4.3
4.2Output Power4.3
4.3Output Frequency4.3
4.4External Reference Frequency (T837-2X-1021 Only)4.3
4.5Timers4.4
FigureTitlePage
4.1
4.2
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T837 Transmit Timers
T837 Main Tuning & Adjustment Controls
4.4
4.5
Page 56
C4.2T837 Functional TestingM830P-00
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M830P-00T837 Functional TestingC4.3
4.1Current Consumption
Connect the T837 to a 13.8V power supply.
Connect an RF power meter to the T837 output socket.
Check that the current in the 13.8V power cable is less than:
T837-2X-1020 -150mA
T837-2X-1021 -200mA.
Key the T837 by earthing the Tx-Key line (the carrier "On" LED should light).
Check that the current is less than 650mA.
4.2Output Power
Connect an RF power meter to the T837 output socket.
Key the T837 by earthing the Tx-Key line.
Check that the output power is 800mW ±200mW.
4.3Output Frequency
Connect the T837 output to a frequency counter via a 20dB attenuator pad.
Apply +5V DC to pin 11 of D-range 1 (PL100) - this changes the mode of operation
to PLL so that the carrier frequency can be observed - and measure the output frequency.
Adjust the TCXO (X100) (if required) to trim to the nominal frequency (±100Hz).
4.4External Reference Frequency (T837-2X-1021 Only)
Connect the external reference frequency at a level of 0dBm to +10dBm/50Ω into
the external reference input and check that green LED *D116 lights.
Note:
Copyright TEL01/07/00
Ensure that the onboard synthesiser’s reference frequency has been set
according to the frequency of the external reference (see Section 3.6).
Check the Lock-Detect signal level on pin 8 of D-range 1 (PL100) is as follows:
external reference frequency applied -0V (approx.)
no external reference frequency applied -4.5V (approx.).
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C4.4T837 Functional TestingM830P-00
4.5Timers
The transmit tail timer, transmit timeout timer and transmit lockout timer can all be set
from PGM800Win. The fields for setting these are found on the system information
page. These three timers operate as follows (refer also to Figure 4.1):
TimerFunctionAdjustment
Transmit TailSets the tail time during which the
transmitter stays keyed after the exter-
0-5 seconds in 100ms
steps
nal key source has been removed.
Transmit TimeoutSets the maximum continuous trans-
mission time. Once the timer has
0-300 seconds
second steps
timed out, the transmitter must be
keyed again, unless prevented by the
transmit lockout timer.
Transmit LockoutSets the period of time that must
elapse after a timeout before the trans-
0-60 seconds in 10
second steps
mitter can re-transmit. Once the timer
has timed out, the transmitter can be
keyed again.
a. Adjustable in 20ms steps in PGM800Win version 2.12 and later.
b. Adjustable from 0 to 600 seconds in PGM800Win version 2.12 and later.
Tx-Enable
On
Tx-Enable
Tx-Reg.
a
b
in 10
Tx-Reg.
Tail Time
On
Lockout Time
Timeout
Time
Figure 4.1 T837 Transmit Timers
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M830P-00T837 Fault FindingC5.1
5T837 Fault Finding
Caution:This equipment contains CMOS devices which are susceptible to dam-
age from static charges. Refer to Section 1.2 in Part A for more information on anti-static procedures when handling these devices.
The following test procedures and fault finding flow charts may be used to help locate a
hardware problem, however they are by no means a complete fault finding procedure.
If you still cannot trace the fault after progressing through them in a logical manner,
contact your nearest Tait Dealer or Customer Service Organisation. If necessary, you
can get additional technical help from Customer Support, Radio Systems Division, Tait
Electronics Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand (full contact details are on page 2).
Note:
Refer to Section 6 where the parts lists, grid reference index and diagrams will provide
detailed information on identifying and locating components and test points on the
main PCB. The parts list and diagrams for the VCO PCB are in Part E.
The following topics are covered in this section:
Unless otherwise specified, the term "PGM800Win" used in this and following sections refers to version 2.00 and later of the software.
SectionTitlePage
5.1Visual Checks5.3
5.2Component Checks5.3
5.3Front Panel LED Indicator5.3
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.5
DC Checks
Power Rails
VCO Locking
RF Checks
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.5
5.5.1
5.6PGM800Win Generated Errors5.6
5.7
5.7.1
5.7.1.1
5.7.1.2
5.7.2
5.7.3
5.7.4
Copyright TEL01/07/00
Output Power
Fault Finding Charts
Microcontroller
Basic Checks
Serial Communications
Regulator
Synthesiser
Exciter Drive Amplifier
5.5
5.7
5.7
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.13
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C5.2T837 Fault FindingM830P-00
FigureTitlePage
5.1RF Diode Probe Circuit5.5
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M830P-00T837 Fault FindingC5.3
5.1Visual Checks
Remove the covers from the T837 and inspect the PCB for damaged or broken components, paying particular attention to the surface mounted devices (SMD's).
Check for defective solder joints. If repair or replacement is considered necessary, refer
to Section 3 of Part A.
5.2Component Checks
If you suspect a transistor is faulty, you can assess its performance by measuring the forward and reverse resistance of the junctions. Unless the device is completely desoldered, first make sure that the transistor is not shunted by some circuit resistance. Use a
good quality EVM (e.g. Fluke 75) for taking the measurements (or a 20k ohm/V or better multimeter, using only the medium or low resistance ranges).
The collector current drawn by multi-junction transistors is a further guide to their performance.
If an IC is suspect, the most reliable check is to measure the DC operating voltages. Due
to the catastrophic nature of most IC failures, the pin voltages will usually be markedly
different from the recommended values in the presence of a fault. The recommended
values can be obtained from either the circuit diagram or the component data catalogue.
5.3Front Panel LED Indicator
The green "Supply" LED on the T837 front panel will flash according to the conditions
described in the following table:
Flash RateCondition
fast(D sec. on/D sec. off
approx.)
unequal(D sec. on/1 sec. off
approx.)
T837 is linked with PGM800Win
microcontroller has detected an
internal communications error -
refer to Section 5.7.1
Where two or more conditions occur at the same time, the precedence is in the order
shown above (i.e. T837 linked has the highest priority, followed by internal error).
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C5.4T837 Fault FindingM830P-00
5.4DC Checks
5.4.1Power Rails
Refer to the top side PCB layout diagram in Section 6 or Figure 4.2 for test point locations, and to the regulator fault finding chart (Section 5.7.2) for fault diagnosis.
Check the 13.8V (TP601) and 9V (TP602) supplies at their test points in the regulator compartment with a DMM.
Check the 5V (TP604) and 20V (TP603) rails at their respective test points in the
regulator compartment.
Check that Tx-Reg. (TP310 in the paging modulator compartment) comes up to
8.8V when the exciter is keyed.
Check the +5V digital regulator output (TP607 in the regulator compartment).
Check for short circuits.
5.4.2VCO Locking
Key the exciter.
Using a DMM, monitor the VCO control voltage at PL4-1 or the junction of L1 and
R1 on the VCO PCB.
If the synthesiser is locked and the VCO aligned, the voltage at this point should
be between 5 and 13V.
If the VCO is not locked, refer to the synthesiser fault finding chart (Section 5.7.3).
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M830P-00T837 Fault FindingC5.5
5.5RF Checks
In-circuit RF levels may be measured with an RF probe on which the earth lead has been
shortened to a minimum (i.e. 13mm). Refer to the circuit diagrams for typical levels.
Figure 5.1 shows a suitable RF probe circuit.
Probe
Earthing Clip
1n
This unit is not suitable for use on high power RF circuits.
10k
1N6263
Figure 5.1 RF Diode Probe Circuit
1n
100k
Coax
5.5.1Output Power
Refer to the exciter drive amplifier fault finding chart (Section 5.7.4).
Ensure that the VCO locks (refer to Section 5.4.2).
Connect the exciter output to a power meter and key the exciter.
Check that the output power is between 600 and 1000mW.
DC to DVM or
Oscilloscope
Note:
If the synthesiser is out of lock, the lock detector (synthesiser IC740 and
comparator IC750) will prevent the RF signal from reaching the PA by
switching the supply to the exciter amplifier (Q340, Q345).
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C5.6T837 Fault FindingM830P-00
5.6PGM800Win Generated Errors
The following errors are those most likely to occur using PGM800Win. Refer to the
PGM800Win software user’s manual for a complete list of error messages.
Channel Switch Set
The programmed default channel change was not accepted by the base station because a
channel is selected externally. Try turning the external channel switch off to change the
default channel in PGM800Win.
Synth Out Of Lock
The synthesiser received incorrect data, or the data was corrupted. Enter a frequency
within the VCO switching range, or tune the VCO.
Internal Error
Data could not be read from the base station due to an internal error. Check for shorts
or open circuits on the SDA, SCK, SYNTH and EPOT lines. The SDA, SCK and SYNTH
are normally high.
Write/Read To An Unlinked Module
The link to the module does not exist. Undefined error.
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M830P-00T837 Fault FindingC5.7
5.7Fault Finding Charts
Note:
The standard test point designations used in this section are as follows:
TP60113.8V
TP6029V
TP60320V
TP6045V
5.7.1Microcontroller (IC810)
5.7.1.1Basic Checks
Is the 12.8MHz clock
present on IC810 pin 21
(microcontroller)?
NPulsing
Replace
IC810.
Is pin 30
pulsing?
Y
Y
Check the
state of
pin 10.
Low
N
High or open circuit
Check IC740
(synthesiser).
Use a DSO* to check
operation of IC650
(i.e. active high
pulse at power up).
*digital storage oscilloscope
Replace
IC650.
Check state of
pins 36 to 43.
Static high/low
Replace IC810.
Pulsing
Check state
of pin 35.
Correct the fault causing
pin 35 to be low/floating.
High
Low/floating
Replace
IC810.
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C5.8T837 Fault FindingM830P-00
5.7.1.2Serial Communication
Disconnect the
programming lead.
Is IC810 pin 11 high?
(microcontroller)
Y
Connect the programming
lead and use PGM800Win
to read the rack/radio.
Check I/O pad P810
with a DSO*.
Does it swing from
0 to 5V?
Y*digital storage
oscilloscope
Use PGM800Win
to send a POLL
command to the
radio.
N
N
Check pin state.
Noise
on pin
Check the SERIAL-COM
and AUDIO-1/2 links.
Check the transistor
interface circuitry
and/or replace the
programming lead.
Low/floating
Check the transistor
interface circuitry.
Check IC810 pin 13
with a DSO. Is there
a response from IC810 after
a poll command is sent?
Y
Check the transistor
interface circuitry
and/or replace the
programming lead.
N
Replace
IC810.
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M830P-00T837 Fault FindingC5.9
5.7.2Regulator
Check for
overheating
components &
short circuits.
13.8V present on
IC630 pin 3?
Y
5.3V present on
IC630 pin 1?
Y
9.0V present
on TP602?
Y
20V present
on TP603?
Y
+5V present on
IC610 pin 2?
Y
Key Tx.
N
N
N
N
N
Check continuity
from pin 9 of
D-range 1.
Replace IC630.
Check Q630,
Q620 & IC640.
Check Q660 is
switching at
approx. 150kHz.
Check R615.
Replace IC610.
8.8V present
on Tx reg. TP305?
N
0V present
on Q860 collector?
N
0.6V present on
Q860 base?
N
Regulators OK.
Check microcontroller
section.
Y
Y
Y
Regulators OK.
Replace Q610.
Check Q860 and
associated circuitry.
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C5.10T837 Fault FindingM830P-00
5.7.3Synthesiser
Refer to the synthesiser circuit diagram (sheet 7) in Section 6 and the VCO circuit diagram in Part E.
A B
No VCO RF output.
9V present at
VCO Q4/Q5?
Y
DC V present
at Q4 & Q5?
Y
8.3V present
at VCO?
Y
DC V present at
VCO, Q1, Q2 & Q3?
Y
Capacitors OK?
Check for cracks,
shorts, etc.
Y
VCO out of lock.
N
N
N
N
N
Check Tx reg.,
Q610 & 9V reg.
Check biasing
resistors, Q4 & Q5.
Check Q5 C
multiplier
(synth).
Check biasing
resistors, Q1,
Q2 & Q3.
Replace
if faulty.
+5V present at
IC710 & IC740?
20V present
on IC750 pin 8?
9V present on
Q795 divider buffer?
DC V present
on Q795 emitter?
Does VCO trimmer
N
adjust for stable
control line
between 5 & 13V?
N
Y
N
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Check 5V reg. &
supply resistor
to each IC.
20V inverter
supply faulty.
Check 9V supply.
Check biasing
resistors & Q795.
Replace VCO.
Check VCO tuning
caps & trimmer.
Check #C5, #C3, #C4,
CV1 & D1-D4 in VCO.
VCO trimmer
freq. range OK?
Y
N
Is 8MHz VCO range
achieved between
5 & 13V?
Y
VCO OK.
Continued on the next page
VCO freq. correct?
Does VCO trimmer
NN
adjust for required
frequency range
between 5 & 13V?
Synthesiser OK.
Y
N
Y
Y
Recheck
programming
via PGM800Win.
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M830P-00T837 Fault FindingC5.11
B
Continued from previous page
Check microcontroller
section (IC810).
Replace synthesiser
(IC740).
Check phase detector output
pins (IC740 pins 3 & 4).
Are there very narrow pulses
(~50ns) at the reference frequency?
(i.e. 5kHz : 200µs period
6.25kHz : 160µs period)
*See Note below.
Y
Is the charge pump bias
voltage at the base of
Q760 & Q780 between
3.5 and 5V? (5V when locked)
Y
Is the voltage on C762,
R760, and R758 9V ±0.2V?
Y
Is the charge pump voltage
on Q790 gate between
3 and 8.5V? (6.5V ±0.2V locked)
Y
Is the loop filter reference
voltage at C772 (+) 6.5V ±0.2V?
Y
Check programming.
NY
N
N
N
N
Check serial bus
when programming
i.e. clock/data/enable
activity (IC740 pins
18, 19 & 17).
Check Q760, Q780,
R766 & C765.
Check R762 & C762.
Check charge pump components
(Q775 & Q780) and Q790.
Check C772, R774, R772,
C770, R763 & Q790.
Programming and
N
serial bus OK?
Check IC710, R710,
C712, C713, C733.
Check line from
modulator section to
synthesiser section.
Is reference
clock present
at IC740 pin 20
(12.8MHz >4.5Vpp)?
Y
Y
Is reference
clock present
at IC710 pins 5 & 13
(12.8MHz >4.5Vpp)?
Is reference
clock present
at IC102 pin 6
in modulator section
(12.8MHz >4.0Vpp)?
Check VCXO (X101)
and buffers (IC102).
Y
N
N
N
Check loop filter components
R775, C774, C776, R510,
C505, IC750. Is the supply
to IC750 +20V +4, -2V?
Y
Check the signal path from
the VCO to synthesiser.
Measure the frequency from
the VCO at IC740 pin 11 using
a frequency counter.
Signal
Is the level >-10dBm?
Does the frequency adjust
as the VCO trimmer is
adjusted (out of lock)?
Y
Replace synthesiser
(IC740).
N
No signal
N
Check regulator circuitry.
Check VCO.
Check divider buffer
circuit (Q795) and bias
voltages on Q795 emitter
(1.3V ±0.2V).
*Note:
When locked, both of these
are very narrow (~50ns).
If unlocked, one will be
very narrow (~50ns),
and the other wide (>15µs).
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C5.12T837 Fault FindingM830P-00
C
Noisy synth;
poor residual FM.
VCO phase locked?
5-13V present on
control line?
Y
Correct DC V
present on Q1 VCO?
Y
Loop filter &
components around
op. amp. (IC750) OK?
Y
Isolate modulation
on VCO; still noisy?
Y
Change trimmer;
still noisy?
Y
Change Q1;
still noisy?
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
Go to B.
Check inductors,
biasing resistors
& Q1.
Replace if faulty.
Trace modulator fault.
Change TCXO;
still noisy?
Change varactors;
still noisy?
Replace VCO
assembly.
Synthesiser OK.
N
Y
N
Y
Y
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M830P-00T837 Fault FindingC5.13
5.7.4Exciter Drive Amplifier
Key exciter &
lock synthesiser.
3.5V at Q365 collector?
10.5V at Q370 collector?
YN
>2.2V RF at
R359/R342?
>1.1V RF at
R342/R344?
>0.5V RF at
Q365 base?
N
Y
N
Y
N
Y
NY
10.5V at Q315
collector?
>5V present on
IC330 pin 1?
Y
Check Q310
& Q315.
Check VCO.
Check attenuator pad
R359, R342, R344.
Check C352, C355, C358,
Q365, L345, L346, D340,
D350, & D360.
N
Check
power rails.
Check IC330,
R324 & R326.
>6V RF at
C361, L360?
Y
>1.5V RF at
Q370 base?
Y
>6V RF at
Q370 collector?
Y
Drive amp. OK.
N
N
N
Check Q365.
Check signal path
between Q365 & Q370.
Check Q370.
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C5.14T837 Fault FindingM830P-00
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M830P-00T837 PCB InformationC6.1.1
6T837 PCB Information
Caution:This equipment contains CMOS devices which are susceptible to damage from
static charges. Refer to Section 1.2 in Part A for more information on anti-static
procedures when handling these devices.
This section provides the following information on the T837 paging exciter:
•parts lists
• grid reference index
•PCB layouts
• circuit diagrams.
SectionTitleIPNPage
6.1Introduction6.1.3
6.2T837 Paging Exciter PCB220-01585-016.2.1
Copyright TEL01/07/00
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C6.1.2T837 PCB InformationM830P-00
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Page 75
M830P-00T837 PCB InformationC6.1.3
6.1Introduction
Product Type Identification
You can identify the exciter type by checking the product code printed on a label on the rear of the
chassis (product codes are explained in Section 1.3 in this Part of the manual, and Figure 1.1 in Part
A shows typical labels). You can further verify the product type by checking the placement of an
SMD resistor in the table that is screen printed onto the top side of the PCB, similar to the example
drawn below. In this example, the resistor indicates that the product was built as a T837-20-XXXX.
837-PRODUCT TYPE
837-837-10837-20
837-837-13837-23
PRODUCT TYPE837-15837-25
Note:
The only function of this resistor is to indicate the product type. It has no effect on the
circuitry or operation of the exciter.
PCB Identification
All PCBs are identified by a unique 10 digit “internal part number” (IPN), e.g. 220-12345-00, which
is screen printed onto the PCB (usually on the top side), as shown in the example below:
The last 2 digits of this number define the issue status, which starts at 00 and increments through 01,
02, 03, etc. as the PCB is updated. Some issue PCBs never reach full production status and are therefore not included in this manual. A letter following the 10 digit IPN has no relevance in identifying
the PCB for service purposes.
Note:
It is important that you identify which issue PCB you are working on so that you can
refer to the appropriate set of PCB information.
Copyright TEL01/07/00
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C6.1.4T837 PCB InformationM830P-00
y
Parts Lists
The 10 digit numbers (000-00000-00) in this Parts List are “internal part numbers” (IPNs). We can
process your spare parts orders more efficiently and accurately if you quote the IPN and provide a
brief description of the part.
The components listed in this parts list are divided into two main types: those with a circuit reference (e.g. C2, D1, R121, etc.) and those without (miscellaneous and mechanical).
Those with a circuit reference are grouped in alphabetical order and then in numerical order within
each group. Each component entry comprises three or four columns, as shown below:
circuit reference lists components
in alphanumeric
order
variant column indicates that this is
a variant component
which is fitted only to
the product type listed
description gives a brief description
of the component
Internal Part Number order the component
this number
b
The mechanical and miscellaneous section lists the variant and common parts in IPN order.
Parts List Amendments
At the front of the parts list is the Parts List Amendments box (an example of which is shown
below). This box contains a list of component changes which took place after the parts list and diagrams in this section were compiled. These changes (e.g. value changes, added/deleted components, etc.) are listed by circuit reference in alphanumeric order and supersede the information
given in the parts list or diagrams. Components without circuit references are listed in IPN order.
The number in brackets at the end of each entry refers to the Tait internal Change Order document.
IPN of new
component
Parts List Amendments
R306Changed from 180Ω to 560Ω (036-13560-00) to increase sensitivity (71003).
Change Order
number
circuit reference
or IPN
01/07/00Copyright TEL
description
of change
Page 77
M830P-00T837 PCB InformationC6.1.5
Variant Components
A variant component is one that has the same circuit reference but different value or specification in
different product types. Where two products share the same PCB, the term “variant” is also used to
describe components unplaced in one product. Variant components have a character prefix, such as
“&”, “=” or “#”, before the circuit reference (e.g. &R100).
The table below explains the variant prefixes used in T800 Series II products:
If the variant prefix is. . .the component will. . .
&change according to channel spacing
=change according to frequency stability
#change according to frequency range
%change or be placed/unplaced for special applications
*
be unplaced in one product
(where two products share the same PCB)
Grid Reference Index
This section contains a component grid reference index to help you find components and labelled
pads on the PCB layouts and circuit diagrams. This index lists the components and pads in alphanumeric order, along with the appropriate alphanumeric grid references, as shown below:
PCB layout
components listed
in alphanumeric order
reference
circuit diagram
reference
component location
on the sheet
sheet number
component location
on the layer
layer number 1 = top side layer
2 = bottom side layer
Copyright TEL01/07/00
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C6.1.6T837 PCB InformationM830P-00
t
s
Using CAD Circuit Diagrams
Reading a CAD circuit diagram is similar to reading a road map, in that both have an alphanumeric
border. The circuit diagrams in this manual use letters to represent the horizontal axis, and numbers for the vertical axis. These circuit diagram “grid references” are useful in following a circuit
that is spread over two or more sheets.
When a line representing part of the circuitry is discontinued, a reference will be given at the end of
the line to indicate where the rest of the circuitry is located, as shown below. The first digit refers to
the sheet number and the last two characters refer to the location on that sheet of the continuation of
the circuit (e.g. 1R3).
hese grid references
how where the circuit
is continued
DISCRIMINATOR
1R3
2R9
2R9
8A2
IF-SIG
4R4
%R338
100
C301
4N7
C369
100P
L310
33U
C371
10U
R339
100K
R303
D
S
12
G
01/07/00Copyright TEL
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M830P-00T837 PCB InformationC6.2.1
6.2T837 Paging Exciter PCB
This section contains the following information.
IPNSectionPage
220-011585-01
Parts List
Mechanical & Miscellaneous Parts
Grid Reference Index
PCB Layout - Top Side
PCB Layout - Bottom Side
Exciter Overview Diagram
Low Speed Paging Modulator Circuit Diagram
Exciter Circuit Diagram
VCO Section Circuit Diagram
Regulators Circuit Diagram
Synthesiser Circuit Diagram
Microcontroller Circuit Diagram
Harmonic Filter Circuit Diagram
6.2.5
6.2.9
6.2.10
6.2.13
6.2.14
6.2.15
6.2.16
6.2.17
6.2.19
6.2.20
6.2.21
6.2.22
6.2.23
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C6.2.2T837 PCB InformationM830P-00
01/07/00Copyright TEL
Page 81
IPN 220-01585-01
M830P-00T837 PCB Information
C6.2.3
T837 Parts List (IPN 220-01585-01)
How To Use This Parts List
The components listed in this parts list are divided into two main types: those with a circuit reference (e.g. C2, D1, R121, etc.) and
those without (miscellaneous and mechanical).
Those with a circuit reference are grouped in alphabetical order and then in numerical order within each group. Each component
entry comprises three or four columns: the circuit reference, variant (if applicable), IPN and description. A number in the variant column indicates that this is a variant component which is fitted only to the product type listed. Static sensitive devices are indicated by
an (S) at the start of the description column.
The miscellaneous and mechanical section lists the variant and common par ts in IPN order. Where possible, a number in the legend
column indicates their position in the mechanical assembly drawing.
The Parts List Amendments box below lists component changes that took place af ter the parts list and diagrams in this section were
compiled. These changes (e.g. value changes, added/deleted components, etc.) are listed by circuit reference in alphanumeric order
and supersede the information given in the parts list or diagrams. Components without circuit references are listed in IPN order.
Parts List Amendments
There were no amendments to the parts list at the time of publication.
Copyright TEL01/07/00
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IPN 220-01585-01
C6.2.4
Parts List Amendments - Continued
This page is provided for entering future amendments to the parts list.
The T837-2X-1020 and T837-2X-1021 share the same
basic design and are built on the same PCB. However,
there are a number of special variant components in
these products.
The “*” variant prefix is used to indicate those components which are placed only in the T837-2X-1021.
The “%” prefix indicates components which are placed
in all product types, but may have different values in
each product type.
The “*%” prefixes indicate components which are
optional in the T837-2X-1021 only, and not placed at all
in the T837-2X-1020.
T837 Mechanical & Miscellaneous Parts (IPN 220-01585-01)
IPNDescriptionIPNDescription
220-01585-01POCSAG PAGING EXCITER PCB
240-02100-06SKT COAX N TYPE PNL MTG OP-TER
240-04021-77SKT JACK 1.3 PCB MT 64W
303-11169-04CHASSIS PAINTED T8 00 SER II
303-23118-00COVER A3M2247 D RANGE T855/7
303-50074-00CLIP SPRING XSTR CLAMP T857
308-01007-01HANDLE BS SII 2 WASHERS INC
312-01052-02LID TOP T800 SER II PTND
312-01053-02LID BOTTOM T800 SER II PNTD
316-06727-00PNL FRT T800 SII PAGING
349-00020-36SCREW TT M3X8m PANTORX BLK
349-00020-36SCREW TT M3X8m PANTORX BLK
349-00020-43SCRW T/T M4X12MM P/POZ BZ
349-00020-45SCRW T/T M4X20MM P/POZ BZ
349-00020-55SCRW M3*8 P/P T/T BLCKZNC CHRM
352-00010-08NUT M3 COLD FORM HEX ST BZ
352-00010-29NUT M4 NYLOC HEX
353-00010-13WSHR M3 S/PROOF INT BZ
353-00010-24WSHR M4x8mm Flat ST BZ
362-00010-33GROMMET LED MTG 3MM
362-01101-00GASKET INSUL SIL PAD 2000 TO5
C6.2.9
Copyright TEL01/07/00
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IPN 220-01585-01
C6.2.10
T837 PCB InformationM830P-00
T837 Grid Reference Index (IPN 220-01585-01)
How To Use This Grid Reference Index
The first digit in the PCB layout reference is a "1" or "2", indicating the top or bottom side layout respectively, and th e last two characters give the location of the component on that diagram.
The first digit in the circuit diagram reference is the sheet number, and the last two characters give the location of the component on
that sheet.
IC1001: C 62- L0
IC1001: C 62- L3
IC1001: C 62- D 0
IC1001: C 62- D 8
IC1001: C 62- D 8
IC1001: C 62- C 8
IC1001: C 62- C 8
IC1021: B62-C6
IC1021: B62-L1
IC1021: B62-M3
IC1021: B62-C7
IC1021: B62-D6
IC1021: B62-L1
IC1021: B62-M1
IC1051: C 62- E8
IC1051: C 62- F8
IC1051: C 62- N 3
IC1101: B62-E6
IC1101: B62-F6
Caution:There are no user serviceable components in these power amplifiers.
Refer all servicing to your nearest Tait Dealer or Customer Service
Organisation.
This part of the manual is divided into five sections, as listed below. There is a detailed
table of contents at the start of each section.
SectionTitle
1General Information
2Circuit Operation
3Initial Adjustment
4Fault Finding
5PCB Information
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M830P-00T838/839 General InformationD1.1
1T838/839 General Information
This section provides a brief description of the T838/839 PA, along with detailed specifications and a list of types available.
The following topics are covered in this section.
SectionTitlePage
1.1Introduction1.5
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.3.1
1.2.3.2
1.2.3.3
1.2.3.4
1.3Product Codes1.9
1.4Paging Product Range1.10
Specifications
Introduction
General
Tes t S ta nd a r ds
European Telecommunication Standard (ETS)
DTI CEPT Recommendation T/R-24-01
Telecommunications Industry Association
Chinese Radio Regulatory Commission
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.8
FigureTitlePage
1.1
1.2
T838/839 Main Circuit Block Identification
T838/839 Front Panel Controls
1.4
1.4
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M830P-00T838/839 General InformationD1.5
1.1Introduction
The T838 & T839 are FM base station power amplifiers designed for single or multichannel operation in the 148 to 174MHz frequency range. The typical output power capabilities are as follows:
T838 -10 to 60W
T839 -20 to 120W.
The T838 PA comprises a single broad band RF power module whose output is filtered
before being fed to the output socket.
The T839 PA comprises two broad band RF power modules whose outputs are recombined (using a quadrature hybrid combiner) and filtered before being fed to the output
socket. This dual module design enables the transmitter to produce at least one quarter
of its rated power if one of the modules fails.
VSWR and thermal protection is incorporated into the basic design, while monitoring
and alarm signals are available for both forward and reverse power. The output power
is adjustable from the front panel.
The main PCB is mounted directly on a die-cast chassis/heatsink. Extensive use is
made of the latest surface mount technology. Effective RF isolation between the PA control circuitry and RF stages is achieved by internal metal shields.
Forced air cooling for the heatsink is provided on the T839 by a fan, which is activated
whenever the transmitter is keyed. Thermal sensors will also activate the fan automatically if the internal temperature reaches an unacceptable level.
The T838 has a width of 60mm and occupies a single space in a Tait rack frame, which
has the ability to accommodate up to seven standard modules. The T839 has a width of
120mm and occupies a double space.
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D1.6T838/839 General InformationM830P-00
1.2Specifications
1.2.1Introduction
The performance figures given are minimum figures, unless otherwise indicated, for
equipment operating at standard room temperature (+22°C to +28°C) and standard test
voltage (13.8V DC).
Where applicable, the test methods used to obtain the following performance figures are
those described in the ETS and Chinese GB/T 15938 specifications. Refer to Section
1.2.3 for details of test standards.
Details of test methods and the conditions which apply for Type Approval testing in all
countries can be obtained from Tait Electronics Ltd.
1.2.2General
Power Output:
T838- Rated Power .. 50W
- Range Of Adjustment .. 10 to 60W (typical)
T839- Rated Power .. 100W
- Range Of Adjustment .. 20 to 120W (typical)
Input Power.. 600mW to 1W
Duty Cycle Rating:
T838.. 50W continuous to +60°C
T839.. 100W continuous to +60°C
1
Intermodulation .. -70dBc or -40dBi
(PA with output isolator) & interfering signal of -30dBc
Mismatch Capability:
Ruggedness .. refer to your nearest Tait Dealer or
Customer Service Organisation
Stability .. 5:1 VSWR (all phase angles)
Supply Voltage:
with 25dB isolation
Operating Voltage .. 10.8 to 16V DC
Standard Test Voltage .. 13.8V DC
Polarity.. negative earth only
Polarity Protection .. crowbar diode
1. dBi denotes the level of the intermodulation product relative to the interfering signal.
Where applicable, this equipment is tested in accordance with the following standards.
1.2.3.1European Telecommunication Standard
ETS 300 086 January 1991
Radio equipment and systems; land mobile service; technical characteristics and test
conditions for radio equipment with an internal or external RF connector intended primarily for analogue speech.
ETS 300 113 March 1996
Radio equipment and systems; land mobile service; technical characteristics and test
conditions for radio equipment intended for the transmission of data (and speech) and
having an antenna connector.
ETS 300 219 October 1993
Radio equipment and systems; land mobile service; technical characteristics and test
conditions for radio equipment transmitting signals to initiate a specific response in the
receiver.
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D1.8T838/839 General InformationM830P-00
ETS 300 279 February 1996
Radio equipment and systems; electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standard for private land mobile radio (PMR) and ancillary equipment (speech and/or non-speech).
1.2.3.2DTI CEPT Recommendation T/R-24-01
Annex I: 1988
Technical characteristics and test conditions for radio equipment in the land mobile
service intended primarily for analogue speech.
Annex II: 1988
Technical characteristics of radio equipment in the land mobile service with regard to
quality and stability of transmission.
1.2.3.3Telecommunications Industry Association
ANSI/TIA/EIA-603-1992
Land mobile FM or PM communications equipment measurement and performance
standards.
1.2.3.4Chinese Radio Regulatory Commission
GB/T 15938 - 1995
General specification for equipment of radio paging systems.
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