Sun Microsystems Netra, Netra 3.1 User Manual

Netra™ Internet Server

3.1 User’s Manual

The Network Is the Computer

Sun Microsystems Computer Company

2550 Garcia Avenue
Mountain View, CA 94043 USA

415 960-1300 fax [phone]

Part No.: 802-7157-10
Revision A, September 1996

™

Copyright 1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc. 2550 Garcia A venue, Mountain V iew, California 94043-1100 U.S.A.
All rights reserved. This product or document is protected by copyright and distributed under licenses restricting its use, copying, distribution,

and decompilation. No part of this product or document may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of
Sun and its licensors, if any .

®

Portions of this product may be derived from the UNIX

system and from the Berkeley 4.3 BSD system, licensed from the University of
California. UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and in other countries and is exclusively licensed by X/Open Company Ltd.
Third-party software, including font technology in this product, is protected by copyright and licensed fr om Sun’s suppliers.

RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii)
of the Rights in T echnical Data and Computer Software clause at DF ARS 252.227-7013 and F AR 52.227-19.

Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, Solaris, Solstice, and Netra are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Micr osystems, Inc. in the
United States and in other countries. The Netscape Communications Corporation logo, Netscape, Netsite, Mozilla, and Netscape Navigator are
trademarks in the United States and/or other countries of Netscape Communications Corporation. FireW all-First! is a trademark of CheckPoint
Software T echnologies, Ltd., used under license by SunSoft, Inc. All SP ARC trademarks ar e used under license and are trademarks or registered
trademarks of SP ARC International, Inc. in the United States and in other countries. Products bearing SP ARC trademarks ar e based upon an
architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.

The OPEN LOOK® and Sun™ Graphical User Interfaces were developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. for its users and licensees. Sun
acknowledges the pioneering efforts of Xerox Corporation in researching and developing the concept of visual or graphical user interfaces for the
computer industry . Sun holds a nonexclusive license from Xerox to the Xer ox Graphical User Interface, which license also covers Sun’s licensees
who implement OPEN LOOK GUIs and otherwise comply with Sun’s written license agreements.

X Window System is a trademark of X Consortium, Inc.
THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING,

BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR
NON-INFRINGEMENT.

Copyright 1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 2550 Garcia A venue, Mountain V iew, Californie 94043-1100 U.S.A.
T ous droits réservés. Ce produit ou document est protégé par un copyright et distribué avec des licences qui en r estreignent l’utilisation, la copie

et la décompilation. Aucune partie de ce produit ou de sa documentation associée ne peut être reproduite sous aucune forme, par quelque moyen
que ce soit, sans l’autorisation préalable et écrite de Sun et de ses bailleurs de licence, s’il y en a.

®

Des parties de ce produit pourront être derivées du système UNIX

et du système Berkeley 4.3 BSD licencié par l’Université de Californie. UNIX
est une marque enregistrée aux Etats-Unis et dans d’autres pays, et licenciée exclusivement par X/Open Company Ltd. Le logiciel détenu par des
tiers, et qui comprend la technologie relative aux polices de caractères, est protégé par un copyright et licencié par des fournisseurs de Sun.

Sun, Sun Microsystems, le logo Sun, Solaris, Solstice, et Netra sont des marques déposées ou enregistrées de Sun Microsystems, Inc. aux Etats­Unis et dans d’autres pays. Le logo de Netscape Communications Corporation, Netscape, Netsite, Mozilla, et Netscape Navigator sont des
marques de Netscape Communications Corporation aux Etats-Unis et dans d'autres pays. Firewall-First! est une marque de Checkpoint Softwar e
T echnologies, Ltd., utilisée sous licence par SunSoft, Inc.T outes les marques SPARC, utilisées sous licence, sont des marques déposées ou
enregistrées de SP ARC International, Inc. aux Etats-Unis et dans d’autres pays. Les produits portant les mar ques SP ARC sont basés sur une
architecture développée par Sun Microsystems, Inc.

Les utilisateurs d’interfaces graphiques OPEN LOOK® et Sun™ ont été développés de Sun Microsystems, Inc. pour ses utilisateurs et licenciés.
Sun reconnaît les efforts de pionniers de Xerox Corporation pour la recher che et le développement du concept des interfaces d’utilisation visuelle
ou graphique pour l’industrie de l’informatique. Sun détient une licence non exclusive de Xerox sur l’interface d’utilisation graphique, cette
licence couvrant aussi les licenciés de Sun qui mettent en place les utilisateurs d’interfaces graphiques OPEN LOOK et qui en outre se
conforment aux licences écrites de Sun.

Le système X Window est un produit du X Consortium, Inc.
CETTE PUBLICATION EST FOURNIE "EN L’ETAT" SANS GARANTIE D’AUCUNE SORTE, NI EXPRESSE NI IMPLICITE, Y COMPRIS, ET

SANS QUE CETTE LISTE NE SOIT LIMITATIVE, DES GARANTIES CONCERNANT LA VALEUR MARCHANDE, L’APTITUDE DES
PRODUITS A REPONDRE A UNE UTILISATION PARTICULIERE OU LE FAIT QU’ILS NE SOIENT P AS CONTREFAISANTS DE PRODUITS
DE TIERS.

Please
Recycle

Contents

Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Part 1 —Setting Up the Netra Server

1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

The Internet Service Provider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

The Netra Server Administrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Using the Netra Server In a Network Topology. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

2. Client System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Basic Software Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Installing the IPX Gateway on a Client System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

3. Understanding the Netra User Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Netra Administration Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Types of Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Navigation Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Information Icons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

Accessing the Netra Administration Framework . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

iii

4. Performing the Initial Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Options for Initial Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Using a Monitor for Initial Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Using a PC for Initial Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

Part 2 — Network Services Administration

5. Anonymous FTP Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

6. Mail Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Mail Return Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Mail Aliases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

Mail Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

Return Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

Aliases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

7. Name Service Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

Name Services on the Netra Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

iv Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

Local Name Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

Network Information Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

Domain Name Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

Configuration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

How to Set Up Name Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Name Service Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

NIS Client Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Local Name Server Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

DNS Client Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

DNS Server Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

8. Netscape Enterprise Server Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

Configuring Web Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

Part 3 —Network Connection Administration

9. ATM Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

Classical Internet Protocol Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

LAN Emulation Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

Configuring ATM Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

ATM Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

Framing Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

User Network Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

Classical IP Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5

LAN Emulation Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6

10. High-Speed Serial Interface Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

11. ISDN Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

12. Local Area Network Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1

13. Modem Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1

Contents v

Connecting to a Remote Host Using ISDN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2

ISDN Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3

Remote Host Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3

Local Port Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5

Remote Host Connection Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7

What is a Network Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1

LAN Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2

Connecting to a Remote Host Using a Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1

Modem Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2

Remote Host Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2

Modem Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-4

Modem Port Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-5

Modem Log Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-6

14. Routing Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1

Netra System Routers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1

Dynamic Router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1

Static Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-2

Setting a Default Route Over a PPP Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-2

Not a Router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-2

Routing Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-3

Static Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-3

Dynamic Router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-4

Part 4 —Security Administration

15. Administration Web Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1

16. Solstice FireWall-First! Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-1

17. Network Service Access Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-1

vi Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

Not a Router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-5

Host Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-2

Configuring the Initial Security Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-2

Solstice FireWall-First! Licensing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-2

Installing Solstice FireWall-First! on a New Network Interface 16-2

Using the Solstice FireWall-First! Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-3

18. Root Password Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-1

Part 5 —System Administration

19. Netra System Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-1

Audio Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-2

External Disks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-3

File System Backup and Restore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-4

Backup Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-4

Restore Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-5

Backup and Restore Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-5

Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-8

Log Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-9

Restart and Shutdown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-10

Save and Restore Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-11

Save and Restore Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-11

Contents vii

Save and Restore Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-12

Software Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-13

Install and Remove Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-13

Install/Remove Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-14

System Administrator Alias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-16

System Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-17

Unconfigure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-18

User Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-19

User Account Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-19

Part 6 —Crash Recovery

20. Netra System Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-1

Reconfiguration, Repair, and Reinstallation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-2

Recovery Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-2

A. Administering Localized Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

B. Installing Solstice Backup 4.2.2 and Solstice DiskSuite 4.0

Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

C. Initial Configuration

Using TTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1

Configuring the Netra Server Using TTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Glossary-1

viii Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

Figures

Figure 1-1 LAN that Uses the Netra Server as a Router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Figure 1-2 Intranet Configuration for Netra Servers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Figure 2-1 Sample IPX Gateway Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Figure 3-1 Navigation Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Figure 3-2 Task Page (form) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Figure 3-3 Error Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Figure 3-4 Verify Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Figure 3-5 Help Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

Figure 3-6 Success Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Figure 7-1 Example of DNS Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

ix

x Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

Tables

Table 3-1 User Input Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Table 3-2 Netra Navigation Icons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Table 3-3 Netra Information Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

Table 5-1 Information for Anonymous FTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Table 6-1 Information for Mail Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

Table 6-2 Information for Mail Alias Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

Table 7-1 NIS Client Administration Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Table 7-2 Local Server Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

Table 7-3 DNS Client Administration Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

Table 7-4 DNS Server Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Table 7-5 DNS Primary Server Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

Table 7-6 DNS Secondary Server Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Table 9-1 Information for ATM Framing Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

Table 9-2 Information for ATM User Network Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

Table 9-3 Information for ATM Classical IP Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5

Table 9-4 Information for ATM LAN Emulation Interface . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6

xi

Table 10-1 Information for High-Speed Serial Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2

Table 11-1 Information for ISDN Remote Host Connection . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3

Table 11-2 Information for Configuring a Port (ISDN). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5

Table 12-1 Network Interface Administration: TCP/IP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-3

Table 12-2 Network Interface Administration: SPX/IPX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-3

Table 13-1 Information for Modem Remote Host Connection . . . . . . . . . 13-2

Table 13-2 Information for Adding/Modifying a Modem Definition . . . 13-4

Table 13-3 Modem Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-5

Table 13-4 Modem Log File Detail Levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-6

Table 14-1 Information for Static Router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-3

Table 14-2 Information for Dynamic Router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-4

Table 15-1 Administration Web Server Password Information. . . . . . . . . 15-2

Table 17-1 Security Levels for Network Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-3

Table 18-1 Information for Root Password Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . 18-2

Table 19-1 Information for Audio Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-2

Table 19-2 Information for Backup Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-5

Table 19-3 Information for Restore Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-7

Table 19-4 Information for Easy Restore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-7

Table 19-5 Information for Selective Restore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-8

Table 19-6 Information for Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-8

Table 19-7 Information for System Restart/Shutdown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-10

Table 19-8 Information for Save/Restore Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-12

Table 19-9 Information for Installing Packages/Patches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-14

Table 19-10 Information for Removing Packages/Patches . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-15

Table 19-11 Information for System Administrator Alias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-16

xii Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

Table 19-12 Information for System Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-17

Table 19-13 Information for Unconfiguring Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-18

Table 19-14 Information for User Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-19

Table B-1 Solstice Backup Required Installation Packages. . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

Table B-2 Solstice Backup Required Installation Patch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

Table B-3 Solstice DiskSuite Required Installation Packages. . . . . . . . . . B-2

Table B-4 Solstice Backup Required Installation Patch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

Tables xiii

xiv Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

Preface

This manual, the Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual, is written for the
Netra™ system administrator.

Some knowledge of networking concepts and terminology is assumed.

Using the Netra Internet Server Manuals

The Netra Internet server comes with two types of manuals: a Netra hardware
manual (or manual set) and the Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual.

The Netra hardware manual contains the following information:

• How to add hardware to the Netra Internet server

• How to connect the Netra Internet server to the network

• System specifications for the Netra Internet server

This manual, the Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual, contains the following
information:

• How the Netra Internet server fits in to a network topology

• What software is required for client systems

• How to configure the Netra server

• How to use the HTML-based user interface and administration modules

• How to perform a system recovery in case of a disk failure

xv

How This Book Is Organized

The information in this manual is organized in six parts:
Part 1 —Setting Up the Netra Server—introduces the Netra server and its user

interface and describes how to configure it.
Part 2 —Network Services Administration—describes the Netra server’s

Network Services Administration modules.
Part 3 —Network Connection Administration—describes the Netra server’s

Network Connection Administration modules.
Part 4 —Security Administration—describes the Netra server’s Security

Administration modules.
Part 5 —System Administration—describes the Netra server’s System

Administration modules.
Part 6 —Crash Recovery—describes how to recover the Netra server in case of

a system disk failure.

Related Books

A number of helpful books describe how to access and use the Internet:

• Albitz and Liu, DNS and BIND, O’Reilly & Associates, Inc. 1992

• Gilsten, Paul, Finding It on the Internet, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1994

• Krol, Ed, The Whole Internet User’s Guide and Catalog, O’Reilly & Associates,

• Morris, Mary E.S., HTML for Fun and Profit, Prentice Hall, 1995

• Wiggins, Richard W., The Internet for Everyone, McGraw Hill, Inc., 1995

xvi Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

Inc., 1992, 1994

T ypographic Conventions

The following table describes the typographic conventions used in this book.

Table P-1 Typographic Conventions

Typeface or
Symbol Meaning Example

AaBbCc123 The names of commands,

files, and directories;
on-screen computer output

AaBbCc123 What you type, contrasted

with on-screen computer
output

AaBbCc123 Command-line placeholder:

replace with a real name or
value

AaBbCc123 Book titles, new words or

terms, or words to be
emphasized

Edit your .login file.
Use ls -a to list all files.

machine_name% You have mail.

machine_name% su
Password:

To delete a file, type rm filename.

Read Chapter 6 in User’s Guide.
These are called class options.
You must be root to do this.

Preface xvii

Ordering Sun Documents

The SunDocs Order Desk is a distribution center for Sun Microsystems
technical documents. You can use major credit cards and company purchase
orders. You can order documents in the following ways:

Country Telephone Fax

United States 1-800-873-7869 1-800-944-0661
United Kingdom 0-800-89-88-88 0-800-89-88-87
France 05-90-61-57 05-90-61-58
Belgium 02-720-09-09 02-725-88-50
Luxembourg 32-2-720-09-09 32-2-725-88-50
Germany 01-30-81-61-91 01-30-81-61-92
The Netherlands 06-022-34-45 06-022-34-46
Sweden 020-79-57-26 020-79-57-27
Switzerland 155-19-26 155-19-27
Japan 0120-33-9096 0120-33-9097

World Wide Web: http://www.sun.com/sunexpress/

Sun Welcomes Your Comments

Please use the Reader Comment Card that accompanies this document. We are
interested in improving our documentation and welcome your comments and
suggestions.

If a card is not available, you can email or fax your comments to us. Please
include the part number of your document in the subject line of your email or
fax message.

• Email: [e-mail]

• Fax: SMCC Document Feedback

xviii Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

1-415-786-6443

Part 1 — Setting Up the Netra Server

The four chapters in Part 1 introduce the Netra server and its user interface
and describe how to configure it.

• Chapter 1, “Overview,” describes the Netra server’s capabilities.

• Chapter 2, “Client System Requirements,” describes the software

requirements for client systems. It also describes how to install the
Solstice™ IPX Gateway software.

• Chapter 3, “Understanding the Netra User Interface,” introduces you to the

design conventions of the HTML-based user interface. It describes how to
navigate through the various types of “pages” and “forms”.

• Chapter 4, “Performing the Initial Configuration,” describes options for

configuring your Netra server for the first time.

Overview

The Sun™ Netra Internet Server is an Internet and gateway server that
connects small or large organizations of heterogeneous clients directly to the
Internet.

PC, Macintosh, and UNIX® workstation clients on TCP/IP or Novell
NetWare®-based local area networks (LANs) can use the Netra Internet Server
to send and receive global electronic mail, access the World Wide Web (WWW),
and use other services available over the Internet. The Netra server can also be
used in an intranet configuration to provide services for a local LAN. The
Netra server ’s graphical user interface-based tools make installation,
configuration, and administration simple, even for a user who does not have
UNIX expertise.

Connecting the Netra server to the Internet requires three hardware
components:

1

• A communications line

• An interface from the communications line to the Netra server

• The Netra server

All the necessary software components are included in the Netra server.

1-1

1

The Internet Service Provider

An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is the organization that provides your
connection to the Internet. The Netra Internet server is the gateway from your
local network to the Internet via the ISP’s communications server. The Netra
server on your LAN provides one end of a data communications link, such as
a direct line or modem connection. The other end of the communications link
is at the ISP’s server. (The ISP may also have other connections to other large
regional networks that make up the Internet.)

The ISP may also be responsible for providing:

• A registered network number, if your site does not have one

• An host addressing scheme

• A domain name

• Name server support

• Security for your Internet connection

• Route management to and from your network

• Names of news servers and mail servers

The Netra Server Administrator

The Netra server administrator ’s responsibility is to configure and administer
the Netra server and the local network. After the server is configured, the
server administrator can set up the Internet services provided by the Netra
server. Examples of such tasks are: configuring local routing, assigning host
addresses, and selecting the appropriate services and security for your site.

1-2 Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

Using the Netra Server In a Network Topology

The Netra server supports the two basic network scenarios described below.
Figure 1-1 shows a typical Internet scenario. Note that there are two Netra

servers in this scenario. The server stimpy acts as an Internet gateway server
for all the systems in the domain called tv.net. The server ren serves the
domain called comedy.tv.net and uses stimpy for Internet access.

Clients on the LAN use the Netra server to access the Internet. The Netra
server is the router, and this enables it to pass information from the Internet to
the clients on the LAN. If only one network port exists on the Netra server, the
scenario in Figure 1-1 is supported by adding virtual network interfaces.

1

Overview 1-3

1

elmo

129.144.79.1

Internet service provider

access.isp.net

INTERNET

129.144.102.6

tv.net

• Modem

• ISDN

• HSI

• Router

129.144.102.27

grover

129.144.79.2
Netra server (stimpy)

Customer LAN

129.144.79.0

PC and
MAC clients

bert

129.144.79.3

1-4 Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

ernie

129.144.79.4

comedy.tv.net

larry

129.144.78.1

Figure 1-1 LAN that Uses the Netra Server as a Router

129.144.79.6

129.144.78.4

129.144.79.5

curly

129.144.78.2

Netra server (ren)

moe

129.144.78.3

1

Figure 1-2 shows an example intranet configuration. Here, two departmental
Netra servers share global information provided by a third Netra server.

Netra server

Netra server

PC and
Mac clients

Netra server

PC and
Mac clients

Figure 1-2 Intranet Configuration for Netra Servers

Overview 1-5

1

1-6 Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

Client System Requirements

This chapter discusses the requirements for client systems on your LAN. Make
sure these systems are set up before you configure and use the Netra server.

Basic Software Requirements

Each client system (PC, Macintosh, or other) must have the following types of
software to communicate with the Internet through the Netra server.

• Network protocol stack: A network protocol stack is the basic network-to-

network communications software package. If you have already set up your
LAN, then you have a network protocol stack.

If your LAN is running the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP) network protocol, it is ready to communicate with the Internet
because Internet applications such as Web browsers, electronic mail, and
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) use TCP/IP.

If your LAN is running the Sequenced Packet Exchange/Internetwork
Packet Exchange (SPX/IPX) network protocol, you must use the IPX
Gateway software to translate SPX/IPX to TCP/IP. The IPX Gateway
software is shipped with your Netra server; you must install it on client
systems on your LAN.

2

• Web browsers: Mosaic and Netscape™ are two popular examples.

• Utilities: FTP client software, telnet, and mail packages.

2-1

2

Before configuring the Netra server, configure your LAN with a network
protocol and the IPX Gateway software. Then configure the Netra server. Next,
install and configure a mail package (it must support the SMTP, POP2, POP3,
or IMAP protocol); set up a Name Service; and add the browser software and
utilities.

Note – If your browser supports caching, make sure this feature is either
disabled or configured to verify documents every time. In addition, do not use
proxy servers to access the Netra administration modules.

Installing the IPX Gateway on a Client System

The IPX Gateway is a client-server application that provides transparent
TCP/IP connectivity to SPX/IPX clients. The IPX Gateway enables any
NetWare® client to access Internet services such as Web browsers, mail, news
groups, and file transfer capabilities through the built-in IPX-to-IP gateway.

The IPX network number that is used on the existing NetWare server must also
be used in the IPX Gateway’s configuration in the Netra server on that LAN.
For example, assume you have the setup shown in Figure 2-1.

Figure 2-1 Sample IPX Gateway Setup

2-2 Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996

Netra server

Internet

NetWare
server

LAN

NetWare
client

If the NetWare server has the following SPX/IPX configuration:

• Frame type: Ethernet_802.3

• IPX network number: 12345678

then the network interface for the Netra server on that LAN should also have
the same SPX/IPX configuration: a frame type of Ethernet_802.3 and an IPX
network number of 12345678.

If you have two frame types on the NetWare server, you can choose either one
or both frame types (you must use at least one of them). If you choose both
frame types, the same rule applies: the IPX network numbers that are used on
the NetWare server must also be used on the Netra server.

Use the IPX Gateway diskette that was shipped with your Netra server to
install the IPX Gateway software on each client system. The program used to
install the software is called setup.exe. It should be run on each client PC or
installed on a file server.

▼ To Install IPX Gateway on the Client PC

1. Insert the IPX Gateway diskette into drive A on the client PC.

2

2. Start File Manager on the client PC and access drive A.

3. Double click on the setup.exe file name (or icon) to start the installation
program.

An “Initializing Setup” screen is displayed, followed by a client setup
screen.

4. Select Express Setup.

A setup window is displayed, showing the status of the installation.
Once the IPX Gateway is installed, a screen showing that the installation is

complete is displayed. Then icons labeled Internet Junction Client
and Release Notes are displayed on the client system.

Client System Requirements 2-3

2

2-4 Netra Internet Server 3.1 User’s Manual—September 1996