Sun Microsystems HIPPI/P 1.0 Reference Manual

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Sun HIPPI/P 1.0 Character Device Interface Reference Manual

Part No: 805-7708-10

March, 1999

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Contents

Intro(1M) 2 blast(1M) 3 hipadmin(1M) 5 hippi(1M) 6 hippiarp(1M) 10 hippid(1M) 13 hippidb(1M) 14 hippidispp(1M) 16 hippidmpd(1M) 19 hippidnld(1M) 21 hippistat(1M) 23 hippitb(1M) 24 hippitune(1M) 25 sink(1M) 28

Contents iii

CHAPTER

Maintenance Commands

Maintenance Commands Intro(1M)

NAME Intro – HIPPI Administration

DESCRIPTION This section describes commands executed in the HIPPI environment.

LIST OF

COMMANDS

blast(1M) HIPPI character driver transmitter

hipadmin(1M) HIPPI conﬁguration program

hippi(1M) hippiarp(1M) HIPPI ARP (address resolution) display and

hippid(1M) HIPPI support daemon

hippidb(1M) HIPPI driver debug trace display and control

hippidisp(1M) hippidmpd(1M) HIPPI dump daemon

hippidnld(1M) HIPPI driver RunCode download utility

hippistat(1M) hippitb(1M) HIPPI driver debug trace display

hippitune(1M)

HIPPI control and status utility

control

HIPPI NIC display utility

HIPPI hardware statistics

HIPPI driver debugging and performance tuning utility

sink(1M) HIPPI character device receiver

Last modiﬁed March 1999 SunOS 5.7 2

blast(1M) Maintenance Commands

NAME blast – HIPPI character driver transmitter example

SYNOPSIS blast [−2PMrkCc][−D unit][−I iﬁeld][−l size][−n writes-per-pass][−m passes]

[−u ULP][−R ﬁle][−U]

AVAILABILITY SUNWhip

DESCRIPTION The /etc/opt/SUNWconn/bin/blast program provides sample code for

testing and using a HIPPI character device. The code includes most of the ioctl() settings for transmitting data. For more information about these ioctl() settings, see the character device interface user’s guide and reference. The blast sample code also can be used with sink(1M) to analyze system performance.

blast performs a write operation multiple times. The size of the packet written is speciﬁed by size. The number of passes is speciﬁed by passes. The number of times the packet is written during each pass is speciﬁed by writes-per-pass. For example, to send 800 2MB packets 10 times, you would give the following arguments:

-l 0x200000 -n 800 -m 10

You can also combine writes-per-pass into a single packet by using the -P ﬂag. For example, to sent 10 packets, each 1.6 GBytes in size, you could use the following arguments:

-l 0x200000 -n 800 -m 10 -P By default, blast writes packets that are four KBytes in size. blast(1M) works with the sink(1M) sample program, which reads packets.

sink reads the HIPPI-FP header in addition to the packet data, so the sink

packet size must be at least eight bytes larger than the blast packet size.

OPTIONS All agruments are optional. Default values are as shown.

−2

−P

−r

3 SunOS 5.7 Last modiﬁed March 1999

Run blast in double-threaded mode. In this mode the two threads write to the device simultaneously. This argument cannot be used with -P or -C.

Encapsulate each pass within a single packet. This argument cannot be used with -2.

Send random data rather than printable ASCII characters. If you use this option, the checking option within sink(1M)> is inoperative.

Maintenance Commands blast(1M)

−C

−c

−D unit

−I Iﬁeld Set the Iﬁeld for the connection to the speciﬁed

−l size Use the speciﬁed size for the buffer passed to

−n writes-per-pass Use the speciﬁed number of writes per pass. The

−m passes

Establish a long-term connection, allowing the transfer of multiple packets. This argument cannot be used with -2.

When used with the -r option, cause a new random packet to be generated for each write. This option simulates a real world application.

Use the speciﬁed HIPPI card. This option is used for paltforms that support multiple HIPPI cards.

value. The default is zero. For more information, see the Sun HIPPI Installation and User’s Guide.

each write() call. The default is 4096 bytes.

default is 500. When -P is speciﬁed, the end of a pass designates the end of a packet. When -C is speciﬁed, the end of a pass indicates when the connection is dropped.

Perform the speciﬁed number of passes. The default is one.

−u ULP

−R ﬁle

−U

SEE ALSO hippi(1M), sink(1M)

Last modiﬁed March 1999 SunOS 5.7 4

Use the speciﬁed upper layer protocol identiﬁer for the framing protocol header. This identiﬁer must match the upper layer protocol identiﬁer speciﬁed by sink(1M). The default is 0x82.

Record performance information in the speciﬁed ﬁle.

Send unknown-length (inﬁnite) packets. The actual packet length is speciﬁed by -1. The packet length must be a multiple of 8 bytes.

hipadmin(1M) Maintenance Commands

NAME hipadmin – HIPPI conﬁguration program

SYNOPSIS hipadmin [−u]

AVAILABILITY SUNWhip

DESCRIPTION For each HIPPI card present in the system,

/etc/opt/SUNWconn/bin/hipadmin interactively prompts the user to enter the IP address, netmask, and HIPPI switch address in the following format:

address netmask switch_address

The information is then stored in:

/etc/opt/SUNWconn/hippi/hipn.conf

where n is an integer, 0 through 3, inclusive. Each time you run hipadmin you must then edit the hippiarp.conf utility

to update the ARP conﬁguration information, then run

/etc/init.d/hippi start. This sequence causes execution of hippiarp.conf.

hipadmin also prompts for each NIC’s EEPROM update. hipadmin must be executed after the HIPPI package has been installed, and

you must be root to do so.

OPTIONS The following options are supported:

−u

SEE ALSO hippi(1M), hippitune(1M), hippidnld(1M), boot(1M)

NOTE In the absence of HIPPI hardware, this utility asks for the number of interfaces

to be conﬁgured. Based on the response, it creates the aforementioned hipn ﬁles. Then, when the hardware is installed, you need to execute one of the following commands to create HIPPI /device nodes and /dev links:

ok boot diskname -r

# drvconfig, devlinks

5 SunOS 5.7 Last modiﬁed March 1999

Update the NIC(s) EEPROM contents.

Maintenance Commands hippi(1M)

NAME hippi – HIPPI driver RunCode download utility

SYNOPSIS hippi [on][[short]|[long]] [[fp]|[ph]] [[network]|[loopback]]

[[switched]|[direct]] [unit]

hippi off [dump] [unit]

hippi restart [dump] [unit]

hippi status [unit]

hippi accept [unit]

hippi reject [unit]

hippi version

hippi cards

AVAILABILITY SUNWhip

DESCRIPTION /etc/opt/SUNWconn/bin/hippi displays the state of the HIPPI driver and

hardware or queries the current status or version of the network cards. Any user can execute this command to obtain the status, version number, or

number of cards on the network, but only super user can execute it with its other options.

OPTIONS The following options are supported:

on [short | long] [fp | ph] [network | loopback] [switched | direct] [unit]

Load RunCode (ﬁrmware) into the HIPPI device and start the device. The system boot processing automatically loads RunCode and starts the device if it is not already running. If the driver is already active, the command fails. When you execute hippi on with any of its options (for example, short or long), the option value is remembered as long as the system remains up, and is reused on the next invocation of hippi on. You can use hippitune(1M) to permanently set default values.

IP datagrams over HIPPI have a maximum MTU size of 65288 bytes. All HIPPI trafﬁc should be limited to 64-Kbyte packet size when IP datagrams are sent over a HIPPI network. Setting the short option limits packets to 64 kilobytes, while setting the long option permits any size of packets to be sent over the network. long also enables you to use all of the connection-control and packet-control facilities.

Last modiﬁed March 1999 SunOS 5.7 6

hippi(1M) Maintenance Commands

Use fp to set receive processing to HIPPI-FP mode, or ph to set it to HIPPI-PH mode. In fp mode, the NIC multiplexes the incoming packets based on the value in the ULP ﬁeld of the FP header. In ph mode, all incoming packets go to the same place. The network driver cannot be used in ph mode.

The NIC usually passes HIPPI packets through the network interface and out over the network. It also accepts packets from the network and you can use the loopback option to place it in internal-loopback mode. In this mode, all packets that are sent out are internally passed back to the receive interface. All connection attempts from the network are rejected.

The NIC usually is connected to a HIPPI-SC switch (switched). To connect it to another NIC, use the direct option.

As installed, the defaults for hippi on are short, fp, network, and switched. You can use hippitune(1M) to change the defaults. But to change the operating mode (for example, to short, long, fp, ph, network, loopback, switched,ordirect), you must deconﬁgure the NIC by using the ifconfig down. See ifconfig(1M).

off [dump]

Immediately stop the HIPPI RunCode and place the system into a state in which it can neither accept nor transmit packets. All pending reads and writes are completed with EINTR. All CDI calls complete with ENODEV errors until you issue either a hippi on or hippi restart command.

The dump option causes a dump ﬁle to be generated. The dump ﬁle contains the current state of the driver and RunCode. Customer support can use the dump ﬁle to diagnose a problem.

restart [dump]

Stop the RunCode. A read or write that is actively passing data is completed with EINTR, and the packet is truncated. Reads and writes that are waiting to use the HIPPI device are not affected. Firmware is loaded and started. Processing continues with the operation after the failed operation.

The dump option causes a dump ﬁle to be generated. The dump ﬁle contains the current state of the driver and RunCode.

status

Query current system status and report whether the system is on or off.

7 SunOS 5.7 Last modiﬁed March 1999

Maintenance Commands hippi(1M)

If the system is on, other ﬂags (for instance, accept, reject, and long) indicate if the system is accepting or rejecting connection requests and if the system allows transmission of long packets. IS_LOOPBACK is set when the NIC discovers that it is connected to a loopback cable. IS_DIRECT is set when the NIC discovers that it is directly connected to another NIC. LINK_ON and LINK_OFF reﬂect the state of the optical link. RUNCODE_ON and RUNCODE_OFF reﬂect the operation of the RunCode. Other statistics are:

SRC connections SRC packets SRC failures

DST packets DST rcv on bad ulp The number of received packets that are destined

DST hippi-le drop The number of packets dropped due to lack of

DST data errors The number of packets received with data errors

DST sequence err

DST sdic lost The number of times the interconnect signal

The number of connections generated. The number of packets sent. The number of errors encountered during an

attempt to transmit packets. No breakdown of errors on transmission is provided. In particular, connection timeouts, connection rejects, and sequence errors are all counted by this one multipurpose counter.

The number of packets received.

for a non-active ULP.

resources in the IP stack.

(either parity or LLRC). The number of packets received with HIPPI

sequence errors.

dropped.

Set the system to a mode in which it accepts incoming connection requests. This is the default mode. Use this option to resume accepting connections after you have issued the reject option to reject them. The device must be in the on state for this command to work.

reject

Set the system into a mode in which it rejects future incoming connection requests. This command does not affect established connections. The device must be in the on state for this command to work.

Last modiﬁed March 1999 SunOS 5.7 8

hippi(1M) Maintenance Commands

version

Report the driver version number and RunCode version number of each NIC in the system.

cards

Report the number of NICs in the host system.

SEE ALSO hippid(1M), hippitune(1M), hippidisp(1M), hippistat(1M)

HIPPI/P 1.0 Installation and User’s Guide

HIPPI/P 1.0 Character Device Interface User’s Guide and Reference Manual

9 SunOS 5.7 Last modiﬁed March 1999

Maintenance Commands hippiarp(1M)

NAME hippiarp – HIPPI ARP (address resolution) display and control

SYNOPSIS hippiarp hostname

hippiarp −a [unit] hippiarp −h [unit] hippiarp −c [unit] hippiarp −s hostname Adapter-ULA logical-address [unit ][temp ] [pub] [dnd] hippiarp −d hostname hippiarp −D logical-address [unit] hippiarp −l logical-address [unit] hippiarp −i [unit]

AVAILABILITY SUNWhip

DESCRIPTION When entered with only its hostname option,

/etc/opt/SUNWconn/bin/hippiarp displays the Internet-to-HIPPI adress translation table entry used by the Address Resolution Protocol for HIPPI (see RFC 1374) for the speciﬁed host.

hippiarp is an extended arp(1M) utility that performs the same functions as arp except for the −f, −u, and −trail options. hippiarp provides additional

functions that are speciﬁc to HIPPI, and it provides ARP address translation information for hosts that do not support ARP over HIPPI.

When a destination does not support ULA (Universal LAN Address, also known as the IEEE Universal MAC Address), the ULA is entered as 0:0:0:0:0:0. The utility creates a locally administered ULA that uses the logical address as the low-order 12 bits of the ULA. IP packets directed to the host are sent with zero as the ULA in both source and destination ﬁelds. The driver always accepts packets with a zero as the ULA.

HIPPI logical addresses are 12-bit numbers that are used by the switch to route the packet. Addresses in the range 0xF90 through 0xFFF, inclusive, are reserved (see HIPPI-SC) and may not be set by this utility. When sending an IP packet to a destination host, the driver will set the CAMP-ON and logical routing bits in the I-ﬁeld for this packet.

The adapter may be connected to a switch (switched mode) or directly connected to another adapter (direct mode).

Last modiﬁed March 1999 SunOS 5.7 10

hippiarp(1M) Maintenance Commands

OPTIONS The following options are supported:

hostname

Specify hostname by name or number, using Internet dot notation.

unit

unit is expressed as hipn, where n is an integer 0 to 3, inclusive. To view a list of HIPPI devices installed on the system, you can execute hippi version. See hippi(1M). In single-adapter conﬁgurations, unit is always optional. In multi-adapter conﬁgurations, unit is required with each ﬂag used except -h and -a. The default for -h and -a is to display all adapters.

−a [unit]

Display all current ARP entries in the kernel table. If you do not specify a unit, the utility displays a line for each unit in the system.

−h [unit]

Display the ULA, logical address, and status information for the speciﬁed HIPPI unit. If you do not specify a unit, the utility displays a line for each unit in the system.

−c [unit]

Clear the ULA-to-logical-address-mapping table for the speciﬁed unit of non-reserved and non-permanent entries. You can delete permanent entries by using the -d option. This option requires super user privileges and returns an EBUSY error if the table is being updated.

−s hostname ULA switch-address [unit]

Create an ARP entry for the speciﬁed host with the speciﬁed ULA, the HIPPI logical-switch address (−switch-address and, optionally, the speciﬁed network unit. You must provide the unit option if more than one HIPPI unit exists in the system. The ULA is given as six hexadecimal characters separated by colons or dashes. The HIPPI switch address is given as three hexadecimal characters (for example, 0x3ef). If an ARP entry already exists for the speciﬁed host, the existing entry is updated with the new information. The entry is permanent unless you specify the −temp ﬂag. This command requires super user privileges.

−d hostname

11 SunOS 5.7 Last modiﬁed March 1999

Maintenance Commands hippiarp(1M)

Delete the ARP entry if one exists for the speciﬁed host. This command requires super user privileges.

−D logical-address −unit

Delete the ARP entry if one exists for the speciﬁed logical address, as long as no IP address is assigned. This command requires super user privileges.

−l logical-address [unit]

Set the logical address of the adapter switch. The switch address is coded as described above. If the adapter discovers itself at a different logical address, the discovered address is used. This command requires super user privileges.

−i [unit]

Invalidate the logical address of the adapter. This command requires super user privileges.

SEE ALSO arp(1M), ifconﬁg(1M), hippi(1M)

Last modiﬁed March 1999 SunOS 5.7 12

hippid(1M) Maintenance Commands

NAME hippid – HIPPI support daemon

SYNOPSIS hippd

hippd [−h host_name]

hippd [−k]

AVAILABILITY SUNWhip

DESCRIPTION /etc/opt/SUNWconn/bin/hippid is a system daemon. The process forks

and the parent dies. hippid provides a process context for the following driver functions:

1. Provides a user context for the ARP Agent to broadcast ARP requests to known hosts. Each host that supports ARP resolution over HIPPI directs its ARP request messages to the HIPPI-SC logical address, 0xfe1. The ARP agent receives the ARP request messages and forwards them to all known hosts. hippid is a replacement mechanism for Ethernet broadcast.

2. Provides a user context for the IP broadcast agent to broadcast IP packets to known hosts. Each host that supports IP broadcast over HIPPI directs its broadcast IP datagrams to the HIPPI-SC logical address, 0xfe1. The broadcast agent receives the IP datagrams and forwards them to all known hosts. hippid is a replacement mechanism for Ethernet broadcast.

3. Provides a user context for self-discovery activity. The driver determines its own logical address (if any) and the logical addresses of possible remote HIPPI NICs.

4. Provides a user context for NIC watchdog processing. The driver uses a watchdog mechanism to make sure that the NIC is running properly. When a failure is discovered, a dump ﬁle set is generated by the dump daemon. The daemon makes an ioctl() call that sleeps in the kernel. To stop the daemon, execute the command hippd -k. Starting and stopping the daemon requires super-user privileges.

OPTIONS The following options are supported:

−k

−h host_name

SEE ALSO hippiarp(1M), hippi(1M), hippidisp(1M), hippidmpd(1M)

13 SunOS 5.7 Last modiﬁed March 1999

Kill the daemon. Set the speciﬁed host name into the driver. This

name is used by the startup scripts, since the host name has not been set. After the system is booted, -h is not needed.

Maintenance Commands hippidb(1M)

NAME hippidb – HIPPI driver debug trace display and control

SYNOPSIS hippidb [−t trace-level][−d trace-level][−v validataion-level]

AVAILABILITY SUNWhip

DESCRIPTION /etc/opt/SUNWconn/bin/hippidb displays and controls the debug trace

levels of the HIPPI driver. When executed with no options, hippidb displays the current status of type t tracing, type d tracing, and packet validation levels. hippidb with any of its options can be executed only by super user.

OPTIONS The following options are supported:

−t trace-level

Trace the general operation of the driver at the speciﬁed level. The higher the trace level, the more noticeable the performance reduction. Levels are:

0 - Disable tracing (the default)

1 - Enable general tracing

2 - Enable extensive tracing

3 - Same as 2

−d trace-level

Trace error paths at the speciﬁed level. This option does not affect performance. Levels are:

0 - Disable tracing

1 - Enable tracing (the default)

2 - Stop the RunCode when RunCode discovers an error

At level 2, a dump is extracted and the RunCode is not automatically restarted. hippi on will restart the RunCode. See hippi(1M).

−v validation-level

Validate the structure of received HIPPI packets at the speciﬁed level. This option is used on control testing in the network driver. You can use the hippitd(1M) utility to extract the trace buffer from the driver and format it into a text ﬁle. Validation levels are:

0 - Minimal validation (the default)

1 - Enable extensive validation (may not be available on all systems)

Last modiﬁed March 1999 SunOS 5.7 14

hippidb(1M) Maintenance Commands

If the return status is -1, the validation code is not turned on in the driver and you cannot change this value.

SEE ALSO hippi(1M), hippiarp(1M), hippistat(1M), hippitb(1M)

15 SunOS 5.7 Last modiﬁed March 1999

Maintenance Commands hippidisp(1M)

NAME hippidispp – HIPPI ARP (address resolution) display and control

SYNOPSIS hippidisp −D unit [general-options][device-options]

hippidisp −f ﬁlename [general-options][device-options] hippidisp −f ﬁlename [general-options][program-options]

AVAILABILITY SUNWhip

DESCRIPTION /etc/opt/SUNWconn/bin/hippidisp is a diagnostic utility that displays

information retrieved from a NIC, either directly by this utility or previously by the dump daemon, hippidmpd(1M). hippidisp displays the internal structure of RunCode program ﬁles. Much of the information displayed relates to the internal operation of the driver and RunCode. This man page does not attempt to describe the various reports in detail.

When executed with no options, hippidisp prints out a usage message. The -D [unit] form of hippidisp extracts and displays information about the

speciﬁed HIPPI device. To view a list of HIPPI devices installed on the system, you can execute hippi version. See hippi(1M).

The -f ﬁlename form of the command processes the speciﬁed ﬁle, then displays the the desired records. Files contain RunCode images or NIC dump images.

OPTIONS This command supports three types of options, which are described below.

General options control the general operation of the utility. Device options, also called NIC Dump options, either directly access a NIC or display a NIC dump ﬁle. Program options display a RunCode ﬁle. When this command is used with its -f option, device options and program options are mutually exclusive.

General Options

−H

−p

Display record headers.

Display the generally used partial information from the records.

Device (NIC Dump)

Options

−F

−x

−a

−d

Display all of the information from the records.

Display the entire record in hex.

Display all NIC dump records.

Display driver records. These records contain data structures that are used by the driver to manage the NIC.

Last modiﬁed March 1999 SunOS 5.7 16

hippidisp(1M) Maintenance Commands

−r

−s

−n

−l

−e [unit]

−m

−t

Display all ring records. The rings are the principle interface between the driver and the NIC. You can have up to 256 receive rings, a send ring, an event ring, and a command ring. A list of descriptors, if any, is printed for each ring. The receive ring number corresponds to the 8-bit ULP number in the incoming packet.

Display statistics for the driver and NIC.

Display the NIC registers.

Display the NIC SRAM contents.

Display the NIC EEPROM contents. The NIC must be halted (hippi off) for the EEPROM to be displayed. See hippi(1M).

Display the manufacturing information area of the EEPROM. This area shows the part number and revision for various components of the board (for example, the ULA address, board serial number, and manufacturing data). The NIC must be halted (hippi off) for the EEPROM information to be displayed. See hippi(1M).

Display the driver trace buffer. This form of hippidisp uses the same format as hippitb(1M).

−N

Display the NIC trace buffer. This form of hippidisp uses the same format as hippitb(1M) with its -n option.

Program File Options

−A

−L

Display all of the program ﬁle sections.

Display all of the LINE records (that is, the objects that have several line number records). The source-level debugger uses the source code line number and corresponding SRAM address information.

−S

−T

Display all of the symbol table records.

Display all of the text sections (that is, TXT1, TXT2, and TEXT for Phase-1 text, Phase-2 text, and the RunCode text, respectively).

17 SunOS 5.7 Last modiﬁed March 1999

Maintenance Commands hippidisp(1M)

−P

−V

SEE ALSO hippi(1M), hippidmpd(1M), hippistat(1M), hippitb(1M),

hippitune(1M)

Display all of the program counter records.

Verify the checksum if it follows a text segment.

Last modiﬁed March 1999 SunOS 5.7 18

hippidmpd(1M) Maintenance Commands

NAME hippidmpd – HIPPI dump daemon

SYNOPSIS hippidmpd [−a ][−d dump_dir]

hippidmpd [−k]

AVAILABILITY SUNWhip

DESCRIPTION /etc/opt/SUNWconn/bin/hippidmpd is a system daemon. The process

forks and the parent dies. When the user requests generation of a dump ﬁle by issuing a hippi off dump or hippi restart dump command, and when the watchdog discovers that the NIC is not operating properly, the hippidmpd daemon extracts the relevant information and produces a dump ﬁle as described below. See hippi(1M).

Starting and stopping the daemon requires super-user privileges By default, the dump ﬁles are placed in /var/hippi. Wnen the ﬁrst dump ﬁle is generated, a Bounds ﬁle is created. The Bounds ﬁle

is an ASCII ﬁle that contains one line for each deﬁned HIPPI card that has been dumped into the target directory. The ﬁelds in the lines are decimal numbers separated by a space. The line is terminated by a newline character. Each line contains the following ﬁelds:

card number - The number of the card that is being dumped

set number - The set number of the most recently created set

current files - The number of sets for the card

max sets - The maximum number of sets allowed for the card (the default is 5)

As dump requests are received, the daemon produces the requested ﬁle. When the maximum number of ﬁles is reached, the lowest-numbered ﬁle for the card is deleted to make room for the new ﬁle.

By default, the maximum number of ﬁles is ﬁve. You can change that number by editing the Bounds ﬁle. You can delete any ﬁle, including the Bounds ﬁle, at any time.

OPTIONS The following options are supported:

−a

Produce an ASCII dump ﬁle instead of the default binary ﬁle. Use this option carefully, as the ASCII dump ﬁle can be quite large, and it does not contain as much information.

19 SunOS 5.7 Last modiﬁed March 1999

Maintenance Commands hippidmpd(1M)

−d dump_directory

−k

Sun Microsystems HIPPI/P 1.0 Reference Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual