ST ST72E311, ST72T311 User Manual

ST72E311

ST72T311

8-BIT MCU WITH 8 TO 16K OTP/EPROM,

384 TO 512 BYTES RAM, ADC, WDG, SCI, SPI AND 2 TIMERS

DATASHEET

■ User Program Memory (OTP/EPROM):

8 to16K bytes

■ Data RAM: 384 to512 bytesincluding 256 bytes

of stack

■ Master Resetand Power-On Reset

■ Low Voltage Detector Reset option

■ Run andPower Saving modes

■ 44 or32 multifunctional bidirectional I/O lines:

– 15 or 9 programmable interrupt inputs

PSDIP42

– 8 or 4 high sink outputs
– 8 or 6 analog alternate inputs
– 13 alternate functions
– EMI filtering

■ Software or Hardware Watchdog (WDG)

■ Two 16-bit Timers, each featuring:

– 2 Input Captures
– 2 Output Compares
– External Clock input (on Timer A)

1)

1)

PSDIP56

– PWM and Pulse Generator modes

■ Synchronous Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)

■ Asynchronous Serial Communications Interface

(SCI)

■ 8-bit ADC with 8 channels

■ 8-bit Data Manipulation

■ 63 basic Instructions and 17 main Addressing

2)

TQFP64

Modes

■ 8 x8 Unsigned Multiply Instruction

■ True BitManipulation

■ Complete Development Support on DOS/

WINDOWSTMReal-Time Emulator

■ Full Software Package on DOS/WINDOWS

TM

(C-Compiler, Cross-Assembler, Debugger)

(See ordering information at the end of datasheet)

Notes:

1. One only on Timer A.

2. Six channels only for ST72T311J.

Device Summary

Features ST72T311J2 ST72T311J4 ST72T311N2 ST72T311N4

Program Memory - bytes 8K 16K 8K 16K
RAM (stack) - bytes 384 (256) 512 (256) 384 (256) 512 (256)
Peripherals Watchdog, Timers, SPI, SCI, ADC and optional Low Voltage Detector Reset
Operating Supply 3 to 5.5 V
CPU Frequency 8MHz max (16MHz oscillator) - 4MHz max over 85°C
Temperature Range - 40°C to + 125°C

Package TQFP44 -SDIP42 TQFP64 -SDIP56

Note: The ROM versions are supportedby the ST72314 family.

CSDIP42W

CSDIP56W

TQFP44

Rev. 1.7

September 1999 1/100

1

Table of Contents

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . ................................................ 4

1.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................4

1.2 PIN DESCRIPTION . . ..................................................... 5

1.3 EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 9

1.4 MEMORY MAP . . . .. . . . . . ............................................... 10

1.5 OPTION BYTE . . . . .. .................................................... 13

2 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT . . ............................................... 14

2.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...........................................14

2.2 MAIN FEATURES . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . .............................. 14

2.3 CPU REGISTERS . . . .................................................... 14

3 CLOCKS, RESET, INTERRUPTS & POWER SAVING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...........17

3.1 CLOCK SYSTEM . . . . . .. . . . . . ............................................17

3.1.1 General Description . . . .. ............................................17

3.1.2 External Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................17

3.2 RESET . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. ............................... 18

3.2.1 Introduction . . . .................................................... 18

3.2.2 External Reset . . . . . . ...............................................18

3.2.3 Reset Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . ........................... 18

3.2.4 Low Voltage DetectorReset . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .. . . . . 19

3.3 INTERRUPTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3.4 POWER SAVING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 23

3.4.1 Introduction . . . .................................................... 23

3.4.2 Slow Mode . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................. 23

3.4.3 Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................23

3.4.4 Halt Mode . . . . . .................................................... 24

3.5 MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................25

4 ON-CHIP PERIPHERALS . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................... 26

4.1 I/O PORTS . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ........................................... 26

4.1.1 Introduction . . . .................................................... 26

4.1.2 Functional Description . . . . ........................................... 26

4.1.3 I/O Port Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... 27

4.1.4 Register Description . . . . . . ........................................... 30

4.2 WATCHDOG TIMER (WDG) . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.2.1 Introduction . . . .................................................... 32

4.2.2 Main Features . .. . . . ...............................................32

4.2.3 Functional Description . . . . ........................................... 32

4.2.4 Hardware Watchdog Option . .. . . . . . . . ................................. 33

4.2.5 Low Power Modes . . . ............................................... 33

4.2.6 Interrupts . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ................................. 33

4.2.7 Register Description . . . . . . ........................................... 33

4.3 16-BIT TIMER . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . ........................................ 35

4.3.1 Introduction . . . .................................................... 35

4.3.2 Main Features . .. . . . ...............................................35

4.3.3 Functional Description . . . . ........................................... 35

4.3.4 Low Power Modes . . ............................................... 46

4.3.5 Interrupts . . .. . ....................................................46

4.3.6 Register Description . . . . . . ........................................... 47

4.4 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (SCI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 52

4.4.1 Introduction . . . .................................................... 52

100

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2

Table of Contents

4.4.2 Main Features . .. . . . ...............................................52

4.4.3 General Description . . . .. ............................................ 52

4.4.4 Functional Description . . . . ........................................... 54

4.4.5 Low Power Modes . . . ............................................... 59

4.4.6 Interrupts . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ................................. 59

4.4.7 Register Description . . . . . . ........................................... 60

4.5 SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI) . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .. . . . . . . ...........64

4.5.1 Introduction . . . .................................................... 64

4.5.2 Main Features . .. . . . ...............................................64

4.5.3 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 64

4.5.4 Functional Description . . . . ........................................... 66

4.5.5 Low Power Modes . . . ............................................... 73

4.5.6 Interrupts . . .. . ....................................................73

4.5.7 Register Description . . . . . . ........................................... 74

4.6 8-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . ........................... 77

4.6.1 Introduction . . . .................................................... 77

4.6.2 Main Features . .. . . . ...............................................77

4.6.3 Functional Description . . . . ........................................... 78

4.6.4 Low Power Modes . . . ............................................... 78

4.6.5 Interrupts . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ................................. 78

4.6.6 Register Description . . . . . . ........................................... 79

5 INSTRUCTION SET .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................ 80

5.1 ST7 ADDRESSING MODES . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 80

5.1.1 Inherent . . . . . . . . . . . ...............................................81

5.1.2 Immediate . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 81

5.1.3 Direct . ........................................................... 81

5.1.4 Indexed (No Offset, Short, Long) . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... 81

5.1.5 Indirect (Short, Long) . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . 81

5.1.6 Indirect Indexed (Short,Long) . ........................................ 82

5.1.7 Relative mode (Direct,Indirect) . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

5.2 INSTRUCTION GROUPS . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................83

6 ELECTRICALCHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............................. 86

6.1 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS . . . ........................................86

6.2 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS . . . .............................. 87

6.3 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . ........... 88

6.4 RESET CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . .................................... 89

6.5 OSCILLATOR CHARACTERISTICS . . . .. . . . .. ............................... 89

6.6 PERIPHERAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . .................................. 89

7 GENERAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . ............................................ 95

7.1 EPROM ERASURE . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................... 95

7.2 PACKAGE MECHANICALDATA . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. ........................... 96

7.3 ORDERING INFORMATION . . . . . .. . . . . . . .................................. 99

8 SUMMARY OF CHANGES . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

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3

ST72E311 ST72T311

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

The ST72T311 HCMOS Microcontroller Unit
(MCU) is a member of the ST7 family.The device
is based on an industry-standard 8-bit core and
features an enhanced instruction set. The device
is normally operated at a 16 MHz oscillator fre­quency. Under software control, the ST72T311
may be placed in either Wait, Slow or Halt modes,
thus reducing power consumption. The enhanced
instruction set and addressing modes afford real
programming potential. In addition to standard
8-bit data management, the ST72T311 features
true bit manipulation, 8x8 unsigned multiplication
and indirect addressing modeson the whole mem­ory. The device includes a low consumption and

Figure 1. ST72T311 Block Diagram

Internal

OSCIN

OSCOUT

RESET

PF0 -> PF2,4,6,7

OSC

CONTROL

AND LVD

8-BIT CORE

ALU

PROGRAM

MEMORY

(8 - 16K Bytes)

RAM

(384 - 512 Bytes)

PORT F

TIMER A

CLOCK

fast start on-chip oscillator, CPU, program memo­ry (OTP/EPROM versions), RAM, 44
(ST72T311N) or 32 (ST72T311J) I/O lines, a Low
Voltage Detector (LVD) and the following on-chip
peripherals: Analog-to-Digital converter (ADC)
with 8 (ST72T311N)or 6(ST72T311J) multiplexed
analog inputs, industry standard synchronous SPI
and asynchronous SCI serial interfaces, digital
Watchdog, two independent 16-bit Timers, one
featuring an External Clock Input, andboth featur­ing Pulse Generatorcapabilities, 2 Input Captures
and 2 Output Compares (only1 Input Capture and
1 Output Compare on Timer A).

PA0 -> PA7

(8 bits for ST72T311N)

(5 bits for ST72T311J)

PB0 -> PB7
(8 bits for ST72T311N)
(5 bits for ST72T311J)

PC0 -> PC7

(8 bits)

PD0 -> PD7
(8 bits for ST72T311N)
(6 bits for ST72T311J)

PE0 -> PE7

(6 bits for ST72T311N)(6 bits)

(2 bits for ST72T311J)

ADDRESS AND DATA BUS

PORT A

PORT B

TIMER B

PORT C

SPI

PORT D

8-BIT ADC

PORT E

SCI

4/100

V

DD

V

SS

POWER
SUPPLY

WATCHDOG

V

DDA

V

SSA

4

1.2 PIN DESCRIPTION
Figure 2. 64-Pin Thin QFP Package Pinout

1)
PP

DD_2

SS_2

OSCIN

OSCOUT

V

NCNCRESET

TEST/V

PA7

PA6

PA5

NCNCPE1/RDI

64 63626160 5958 5756 55545352 51 50 49

PE4

1

PE5

2

PE6

3

PE7

4

(EI2)

PB0

5

(EI2)

PB1

6

(EI2)

PB2

7

(EI2)

PB3

8

(EI3)

PB4

9

(EI3)

PB5

10

(EI3)

11

PB6

(EI3)

12

PB7
AIN0/PD0
AIN1/PD1
AIN2/PD2
AIN3/PD3

13
14
15
16

17 18192021 222324 29 30313225 262728

AIN4/PD4

1. VPPon EPR OM/OTP only

AIN5/PD5

AIN6/PD6

AIN7/PD7

PE0/TDO

V

DDA

V

V

SSA

DD_3

V

V

SS_3

(EI1)

(EI1)

(EI1)

PF1

PF2

CLKOUT/PF0

NC

PA4

48
47

(EI0)

46

(EI0)

45

(EI0)

44

(EI0)

43

42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33

NC

ICAP1_A/PF6

OCMP1_A/PF4

EXTCLK_A/PF7

V

SS_1

V

DD_1

PA3
PA2
PA1
PA0
PC7/SS
PC6/SCK
PC5/MOSI
PC4/MISO
PC3/ICAP1_B
PC2/ICAP2_B
PC1/OCMP1_B
PC0/OCMP2_B
V

SS_0

V

DD_0

ST72E311 ST72T311

Figure 4. 44-Pin Thin QFP Package Pinout

1)
PP

DD_2

SS_2

V

V

RESET

TEST/V

PA7

PA6

PA5

PE0/TD0

PE1/RDI

PB0
PB1
PB2
PB3

PB4
AIN0/PD0
AIN1/PD1
AIN2/PD2
AIN3/PD3
AIN4/PD4

44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34

1

(EI2)

2

(EI2)

3

(EI2)

4

(EI2)

5

(EI3)

6
7
8
9
10
11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

AIN5/PD5

1. VPPon EPROM/OTP only

V

DDA

OSCIN

SSA

V

OSCOUT

(EI1)

(EI1)

(EI1)

PF1

PF2

CLKOUT/PF0

OCMP1_A/PF4

PA4

33
32

(EI0)

31
30
29
28

27
26
25
24
23

20 21 22

SS_0

DD_0

V

V

ICAP1_A/PF6

EXTCLK_A/PF7

V

SS_1

V

DD_1

PA3
PC7/SS
PC6/SCK
PC5/MOSI
PC4/MISO
PC3/ICAP1_B
PC2/ICAP2_B
PC1/OCMP1_B
PC0/OCMP2_B

Figure 3. 56-Pin Shrink DIPPackage Pinout

PB4
PB5
PB6

PB7
AIN0/PD0
AIN1/PD1
AIN2/PD2
AIN3/PD3
AIN4/PD4
AIN5/PD5
AIN6/PD6
AIN7/PD7

V

DDA

V

SSA

CLKOUT/PF0

PF1

OCMP1_A/PF4

EXTCLK_A/PF7

PC0/OCMP2_B
PC1/OCMP1_B

1.VPPon EPROM/OTP only

PF2

ICAP1_A/PF6

V

DD_0

V

SS_0

PC2/ICAP2_B
PC3/ICAP1_B

PC4/MISO

PC5/MOSI

1 (EI3)
2 (EI3)
3 (EI3)
4 (EI3)
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

15 (EI1)
16 (EI1)
17 (EI1)
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28 29

(EI2) 56
(EI2) 55
(EI2) 54
(EI2) 53

(EI0) 34
(EI0) 33
(EI0) 32
(EI0) 31

PB3
PB2
PB1

PB0
PE7

52

PE6

51

PE5

50

PE4

49

PE1/RDI

48

PE0/TD0

47

V

46

DD_2

OSCIN

45

OSCOUT

44

V

43

SS_2

42

RESET
TEST/V
PA7
PA6
PA5
PA4
V

SS_1

V

DD_1

PA3
PA2
PA1
PA0
PC7/SS

1)

PP

41
40
39
38
37
36
35

30

PC6/SCK

Figure 5. 42-Pin Shrink DIP Package Pinout

PB4
AIN0/PD0
AIN1/PD1
AIN2/PD2
AIN3/PD3
AIN4/PD4
AIN5/PD5

V

DDA

V

SSA

CLKOUT/PF0

PF1

OCMP1_A/PF4

EXTCLK_A/PF7

PC0/OCMP2_B
PC1/OCMP1_B

1. VPPon EPROM/OTP only

PF2

ICAP1_A/PF6

PC2/ICAP2_B
PC3/ICAP1_B

PC4/MISO
PC5/MOSI

1

(EI3)
2
3
4

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

(EI1)
(EI1)
(EI1)

(EI2)
(EI2)
(EI2)
(EI2)

(EI0)

42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29

28
27
26
25
24
23
22

PB3
PB2
PB1
PB0
PE1/RDI
PE0/TD0

V

DD_2

OSCIN
OSCOUT

V

SS_2

RESET
TEST/V
PA7
PA6
PA5
PA4

V

SS_1

V

DD_1

PA3
PC7/SS
PC6/SCK

1)

PP

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5

ST72E311 ST72T311

Table 1. ST72T311Nx Pin Description

Pin n°

QFP64

Pin n°

SDIP56

Pin Name Type Description Remarks

1 49 PE4 I/O Port E4 High Sink
2 50 PE5 I/O Port E5 High Sink
3 51 PE6 I/O Port E6 High Sink
4 52 PE7 I/O Port E7 High Sink
5 53 PB0 I/O Port B0 External Interrupt: EI2
6 54 PB1 I/O Port B1 External Interrupt: EI2
7 55 PB2 I/O Port B2 External Interrupt: EI2
8 56 PB3 I/O Port B3 External Interrupt: EI2

9 1 PB4 I/O Port B4 External Interrupt: EI3
10 2 PB5 I/O Port B5 External Interrupt: EI3
11 3 PB6 I/O Port B6 External Interrupt: EI3
12 4 PB7 I/O Port B7 External Interrupt: EI3
13 5 PD0/AIN0 I/O Port D0 or ADC Analog Input 0
14 6 PD1/AIN1 I/O Port D1 or ADC Analog Input 1
15 7 PD2/AIN2 I/O Port D2 or ADC Analog Input 2
16 8 PD3/AIN3 I/O Port D3 or ADC Analog Input 3
17 9 PD4/AIN4 I/O Port D4 or ADC Analog Input 4
18 10 PD5/AIN5 I/O Port D5 or ADC Analog Input 5
19 11 PD6/AIN6 I/O Port D6 or ADC Analog Input 6
20 12 PD7/AIN7 I/O Port D7 or ADC Analog Input 7
21 13 V
22 14 V
23 V
24 V

DDA
SSA
DD_3
SS_3

S Power Supply for analog peripheral (ADC)
S Ground for analog peripheral (ADC)
S Main power supply

S Ground
25 15 PF0/CLKOUT I/O Port F0 or CPU Clock Output External Interrupt: EI1
26 16 PF1 I/O Port F1 External Interrupt: EI1
27 17 PF2 I/O Port F2 External Interrupt: EI1
28 NC Not Connected
29 18 PF4/OCMP1_A I/O Port F4 or Timer A Output Compare 1
30 NC Not Connected
31 19 PF6/ICAP1_A I/O Port F6 or Timer AInput Capture 1
32 20 PF7/EXTCLK_A I/O Port F7 or External Clock on Timer A
33 21 V
34 22 V

DD_0
SS_0

S Main power supply

S Ground
35 23 PC0/OCMP2_B I/O Port C0 or Timer B Output Compare 2
36 24 PC1/OCMP1_B I/O Port C1 or Timer B Output Compare 1
37 25 PC2/ICAP2_B I/O Port C2 or Timer B Input Capture 2
38 26 PC3/ICAP1_B I/O Port C3 or Timer B Input Capture 1
39 27 PC4/MISO I/O Port C4 or SPI Master In/ Slave Out Data
40 28 PC5/MOSI I/O Port C5 or SPI Master Out/ Slave In Data
41 29 PC6/SCK I/O Port C6 or SPI Serial Clock
42 30 PC7/SS I/O Port C7 or SPI Slave Select
43 31 PA0 I/O Port A0 External Interrupt: EI0
44 32 PA1 I/O Port A1 External Interrupt: EI0

6/100

6

ST72E311 ST72T311

Pin n°

QFP64

Pin n°

SDIP56

Pin Name Type Description Remarks

45 33 PA2 I/O Port A2 External Interrupt: EI0
46 34 PA3 I/O Port A3 External Interrupt: EI0
47 35 V
48 36 V

DD_1
SS_1

S Main power supply

S Ground
49 37 PA4 I/O Port A4 High Sink
50 38 PA5 I/O Port A5 High Sink
51 39 PA6 I/O Port A6 High Sink
52 40 PA7 I/O Port A7 High Sink

53 41 TEST/V

PP

1)

S

Test mode pin. In the EPROM programming
mode, thispin acts as the programming voltage
input V

PP.

This pin must be tied
low in user mode

54 42 RESET I/O Bidirectional. Active low. Top priority non maskable interrupt.
55 NC Not Connected
56 NC Not Connected
57 43 V

SS_2

58 44 OSCOUT O
59 45 OSCIN I
60 46 V

DD_2

S Ground

Input/Output Oscillator pin. These pins connect a parallel-resonant
crystal, or an external source to theon-chip oscillator.

S Main power supply
61 47 PE0/TDO I/O Port E1 or SCI Transmit Data Out
62 48 PE1/RDI I/O Port E1 or SCI Receive Data In
63 NC Not Connected
64 NC Not Connected

Note 1:VPPon EPROM/OTP only.

Table 2. ST72T311Jx Pin Description

Pin n°

QFP44

Pin n°

SDIP42

Pin Name Type Description Remarks

1 38 PE1/RDI I/O Port E1 or SCI Receive Data In
2 39 PB0 I/O Port B0 External Interrupt: EI2
3 40 PB1 I/O Port B1 External Interrupt: EI2
4 41 PB2 I/O Port B2 External Interrupt: EI2
5 42 PB3 I/O Port B3 External Interrupt: EI2
6 1 PB4 I/O Port B4 External Interrupt: EI3
7 2 PD0/AIN0 I/O Port D0or ADC Analog Input 0
8 3 PD1/AIN1 I/O Port D1or ADC Analog Input 1

9 4 PD2/AIN2 I/O Port D2or ADC Analog Input 2
10 5 PD3/AIN3 I/O Port D3 or ADC Analog Input 3
11 6 PD4/AIN4 I/O Port D4 or ADC Analog Input 4
12 7 PD5/AIN5 I/O Port D5 or ADC Analog Input 5
13 8 V
14 9 V

DDA
SSA

S Power Supply for analog peripheral (ADC)

S Ground for analog peripheral (ADC)
15 10 PF0/CLKOUT I/O Port F0 or CPU Clock Output External Interrupt: EI1
16 11 PF1 I/O Port F1 External Interrupt: EI1
17 12 PF2 I/O Port F2 External Interrupt: EI1
18 13 PF4/OCMP1_A I/O Port F4 or Timer A Output Compare 1

7/100

7

ST72E311 ST72T311

Pin n°

QFP44

Pin n°

SDIP42

Pin Name Type Description Remarks

19 14 PF6/ICAP1_A I/O Port F6 or Timer A Input Capture 1
20 15 PF7/EXTCLK_A I/O Port F7 or External Clock on Timer A
21 V
22 V

DD_0
SS_0

S Main power supply

S Ground
23 16 PC0/OCMP2_B I/O Port C0or Timer B Output Compare 2
24 17 PC1/OCMP1_B I/O Port C1or Timer B Output Compare 1
25 18 PC2/ICAP2_B I/O Port C2or Timer B Input Capture 2
26 19 PC3/ICAP1_B I/O Port C3or Timer B Input Capture 1
27 20 PC4/MISO I/O Port C4or SPI Master In / Slave Out Data
28 21 PC5/MOSI I/O Port C5or SPI Master Out / Slave In Data
29 22 PC6/SCK I/O Port C6 or SPI Serial Clock
30 23 PC7/SS I/O Port C7or SPI Slave Select
31 24 PA3 I/O Port A3 External Interrupt: EI0
32 25 V
33 26 V

DD_1
SS_1

S Main power supply

S Ground
34 27 PA4 I/O Port A4 High Sink
35 28 PA5 I/O Port A5 High Sink
36 29 PA6 I/O Port A6 High Sink
37 30 PA7 I/O Port A7 High Sink

38 31 TEST/V

PP

1)

S

Test mode pin. In the EPROM programming
mode, this pin acts as the programming
voltage input V

PP.

This pin must be tied
low in user mode

39 32 RESET I/O Bidirectional. Active low. Top priority non maskable interrupt.
40 33 V

SS_2

41 34 OSCOUT O
42 35 OSCIN I
43 36 V

DD_2

S Ground

Input/Output Oscillator pin. These pins connect a parallel-resonant
crystal, or an external source to the on-chip oscillator.

S Main power supply
44 37 PE0/TDO I/O Port E0 or SCI Transmit Data Out

Note 1:VPPon EPROM/OTP only.

8/100

8

1.3 EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS

ST72E311 ST72T311

The following figure shows the recommended ex­ternal connections for the device.

The VPPpin is only used for programming OTP
and EPROM devices and must be tied to ground in
user mode.

The 10 nF and 0.1 µF decoupling capacitors on
the power supply lines are a suggested EMC per­formance/cost tradeoff.

Figure 6. Recommended External Connections

V

DD

Optional if Low Voltage

Detector (LVD) isused

EXTERNAL RESET CIRCUIT

10nF

+

See
A/D Converter
Section

V

DD

0.1µF

0.1µF

The external reset network is intended to protect
the device against parasitic resets, especially in
noisy environments.

Unused I/Os should be tied high to avoid any un­necessary power consumption on floating lines.
An alternative solution is to program the unused
ports as inputs with pull-up.

V

PP

V

4.7K

DD

V

SS

V

DDA

V

SSA

RESET

0.1µF

See
Clocks
Section

Or configure unused I/O ports
by software as input with pull-up

V

10K

DD

OSCIN

OSCOUT

Unused I/O

9/100

9

ST72E311 ST72T311

1.4 MEMORY MAP
Figure 7. Program Memory Map

0000h

007Fh

0080h

01FFh

027Fh

0200h / 0280h

BFFFh
C000h

E000h

FFDFh

FFE0h

FFFFh

HW Registers

(see Table 4)

384 Bytes RAM

512 Bytes RAM

Reserved

16K Bytes

Program

8K Bytes

Memoryl

Program

Memory

Interrupt & Reset Vectors

(see Table 3)

0080h

Short Addressing

00FFh

0100h

01FFh

0080h

00FFh

0100h

RAM (zero page)

256 Bytes Stack/

16-bit Addressing RAM

Short Addressing

RAM (zero page)

256 Bytes Stack/

16-bit Addressing RAM

01FFh

0200h

027Fh

16-bit Addressing

RAM

Table 3. Interrupt Vector Map

Vector Address Description Remarks

FFE0-FFE1h
FFE2-FFE3h
FFE4-FFE5h
FFE6-FFE7h

FFE8-FFE9h
FFEA-FFEBh
FFEC-FFEDh

FFEE-FFEFh

FFF0-FFF1h

FFF2-FFF3h

FFF4-FFF5h

FFF6-FFF7h

FFF8-FFF9h

FFFA-FFFBh

FFFC-FFFDh

FFFE-FFFFh

TIMER B Interrupt Vector
TIMER A Interrupt Vector

External Interrupt Vector EI3
External Interrupt Vector EI2
External Interrupt Vector EI1
External Interrupt Vector EI0

TRAP (software) Interrupt Vector

Not Used
Not Used
Not Used

SCI Interrupt Vector

SPI interrupt vector

Not Used

Not Used
Not Used

RESET Vector

10/100

10

Internal Interrupt
Internal Interrupt
Internal Interrupt
Internal Interrupt
Internal Interrupt

External Interrupt
External Interrupt
External Interrupt
External Interrupt

CPU Interrupt

ST72E311 ST72T311

Table 4. Hardware Register Memory Map

Address Block

0000h
0001h

Port A

0002h

Register

Label

PADR
PADDR
PAOR

Register Name

Data Register
Data Direction Register

Option Register
0003h Reserved Area (1 byte)
0004h
0005h
0006h

Port C

PCDR
PCDDR
PCOR

Data Register

Data Direction Register

Option Register
0007h Reserved Area (1 byte)
0008h
0009h

000Ah

Port B

PBDR
PBDDR
PBOR

Data Register

Data Direction Register

Option Register
000Bh Reserved Area (1 byte)
000Ch

000Dh
000Eh

Port E

PEDR
PEDDR
PEOR

Data Register

Data Direction Register

Option Register
000Fh Reserved Area (1 byte)
0010h

0011h
0012h

Port D

PDDR
PDDDR
PDOR

Data Register

Data Direction Register

Option Register
0013h Reserved Area (1 byte)
0014h
0015h
0016h
0017h to
001Fh

Port F

PFDR
PFDDR
PFOR

Data Register

Data Direction Register

Option Register

Reserved Area (9 bytes)

0020h MISCR Miscellaneous Register 00h
0021h
0022h
0023h
0024h to
0029h
002Ah

002Bh
002Ch to
0030h

SPI

WDG

SPIDR
SPICR
SPISR

WDGCR
WDGSR

SPI Data I/O Register

SPI Control Register

SPI Status Register

Reserved Area (6 bytes)

Watchdog Control Register

Watchdog Status Register

Reserved Area (5 bytes)

Reset

Status

00h
00h
00h

00h
00h
00h

00h
00h
00h

00h
00h

0Ch

00h
00h
00h

00h
00h
28h

xxh
xxh

00h

7Fh
00h

Remarks

R/W
R/W

1)

R/W

R/W
R/W
R/W

R/W
R/W

1)

R/W

R/W
R/W

1)

R/W

R/W
R/W

1)

R/W

R/W
R/W

1)

R/W

R/W
R/W
Read Only

R/W

3)

R/W

11

11/100

ST72E311 ST72T311

Address Block

0031h
0032h
0033h
0034h-0035h

0036h-0037h

0038h-0039h

Timer A

003Ah-003Bh

003Ch-003Dh

003Eh-003Fh

Register

Label

TACR2
TACR1
TASR
TAIC1HR
TAIC1LR
TAOC1HR
TAOC1LR
TACHR
TACLR
TAACHR
TAACLR
TAIC2HR
TAIC2LR
TAOC2HR
TAOC2LR

Register Name

Control Register2

Control Register1

Status Register

Input Capture1 High Register

Input Capture1 Low Register

Output Compare1 High Register

Output Compare1 Low Register

Counter High Register

Counter Low Register

Alternate Counter High Register

Alternate Counter Low Register

Input Capture2 High Register

Input Capture2 Low Register

Output Compare2 High Register

Output Compare2 Low Register

Reset

Status

00h
00h

xxh
xxh

xxh
80h
00h

FFh
FCh
FFh
FCh

xxh

xxh
80h
00h

R/W
R/W
Read Only
Read Only
Read Only
R/W
R/W
Read Only
Read Only
Read Only
Read Only
Read Only
Read Only
R/W

R/W
0040h Reserved Area (1 byte)
0041h

0042h
0043h
0044h-0045h

0046h-0047h

0048h-0049h

004Ah-004Bh

004Ch-004Dh

004Eh-004Fh

0050h
0051h
0052h
0053h
0054h
0055h
0056h
0057h
0058h to
006Fh
0070h
0071h
0072h to
007Fh

Timer B

SCI

ADC

TBCR2
TBCR1
TBSR
TBIC1HR
TBIC1LR
TBOC1HR
TBOC1LR
TBCHR
TBCLR
TBACHR
TBACLR
TBIC2HR
TBIC2LR
TBOC2HR
TBOC2LR

SCISR
SCIDR
SCIBRR
SCICR1
SCICR2
SCIERPR

SCIETPR

ADCDR
ADCCSR

Control Register2
Control Register1
Status Register
Input Capture1 High Register
Input Capture1 Low Register
Output Compare1 High Register
Output Compare1 Low Register
Counter High Register
Counter Low Register
Alternate Counter High Register
Alternate Counter Low Register
Input Capture2 High Register
Input Capture2 Low Register
Output Compare2 High Register
Output Compare2 Low Register

SCI Status Register
SCI Data Register
SCI Baud Rate Register
SCI Control Register 1
SCI Control Register 2
SCI Extended Receive Prescaler Register
Reserved
SCI Extended Transmit Prescaler Register

Reserved Area (24 bytes)

ADC Data Register
ADC Control/Status Register

Reserved Area (14 bytes)

00h
00h

xxh
xxh

xxh
80h
00h

FFh
FCh
FFh
FCh

xxh

xxh
80h
00h

C0h

xxh

00x----xb

xxh
00h
00h

---

00h

00h
00h

R/W
R/W
Read Only
Read Only
Read Only
R/W
R/W
Read Only
Read Only
Read Only
Read Only
Read Only
Read Only
R/W
R/W
Read Only
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reserved
R/W

Read Only
R/W

Notes:

1. The bits corresponding to unavailable pins are forcedto 1by hardware, this affects the reset status value.

2. External pin not available.

3. Not used in versions without Low Voltage Detector Reset.

Remarks

2)

2)

2)

2)

12/100

12

1.5 OPTION BYTE

ST72E311 ST72T311

The user has the option to select software watch­dog or hardware watchdog (see description in the
Watchdog chapter). When programming EPROM
or OTP devices, this option is selected in a menu
by the user of the EPROM programmer before
burning the EPROM/OTP. The Option Byte is lo­cated in a non-user map. No address has to be
specified. TheOption Byte is atFFh after UVeras­ure and must be properly programmed to set de­sired options.

OPTBYTE

70

- - - - b3 b2 - WDG

Bit 7:4 = Not used

Bit 3 = Reserved, must be cleared.

Bit 2 = Reserved, must be set onST72T311N de­vices and mustbe cleared onST72T311J devices.

Bit 1 = Not used

Bit 0 = WDG

Watchdog disable

0: The Watchdog is enabled after reset (Hardware

Watchdog).

1: The Watchdog is not enabled after reset (Soft-

ware Watchdog).

13

13/100

ST72E311 ST72T311

2 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT

2.1 INTRODUCTION

This CPU hasa full 8-bit architecture and contains
six internal registers allowing efficient 8-bit data
manipulation.

2.2 MAIN FEATURES

■ 63 basicinstructions

■ Fast 8-bit by 8-bit multiply

■ 17 main addressing modes (with indirect

addressing mode)

■ Two 8-bit index registers

■ 16-bit stackpointer

■ 8 MHzCPU internal frequency

■ Low power modes

■ Maskable hardware interrupts

■ Non-maskable software interrupt

2.3 CPU REGISTERS

The 6 CPU registers shown in Figure 8 are not
present in thememory mappingand are accessed
by specificinstructions.

Figure 8. CPU Registers

70

RESET VALUE = XXh

70

RESET VALUE= XXh

70

RESET VALUE= XXh

Accumulator (A)

The Accumulator is an 8-bit general purpose reg­ister used to hold operands and the results of the
arithmetic and logic calculations and to manipulate
data.

Index Registers (Xand Y)

In indexedaddressing modes, these 8-bitregisters
are used to create either effective addresses or
temporary storage areas for data manipulation.
(The Cross-Assembler generates a precede in­struction (PRE) to indicate that the following in­struction refers to the Y register.)

The Y register is notaffected by theinterrupt auto­matic procedures (notpushed to and popped from
the stack).

Program Counter (PC)

The program counter is a 16-bit register containing
the address of the next instruction to be executed
by the CPU. It is made of two 8-bit registers PCL
(Program CounterLow which is the LSB) and PCH
(Program Counter High which is the MSB).

ACCUMULATOR

X INDEX REGISTER

Y INDEX REGISTER

15 8

RESET VALUE= RESET VECTOR @ FFFEh-FFFFh

15

RESET VALUE = STACKHIGHER ADDRESS

14/100

PCH

RESET VALUE =

7

70

1C11HI NZ

1X11X1XX

87 0

PCL

14

0

PROGRAM COUNTER

CONDITION CODE REGISTER

STACK POINTER

X = Undefined Value

ST72E311 ST72T311

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (Cont’d)
CONDITION CODE REGISTER (CC)

Read/Write
Reset Value: 111x1xxx

70

ter it and reset by the IRET instruction at the end of
the interrupt routine. If the I bit is cleared by soft­ware inthe interrupt routine, pending interrupts are
serviced regardless of the priority levelof the cur­rent interrupt routine.

111HINZC

The 8-bit Condition Code register contains the in­terrupt mask and four flags representative of the
result of the instruction just executed. Thisregister
can also be handled by the PUSH and POP in­structions.

These bits can be individually tested and/or con­trolled by specific instructions.

Bit 4 = H

Half carry

.

This bit isset by hardware when a carry occurs be­tween bits 3 and 4 of the ALU during an ADD or
ADC instruction.It is reset by hardware during the
same instructions.
0: No half carry has occurred.
1: A half carry has occurred.

This bit is tested using the JRH or JRNH instruc­tion. The H bit is useful in BCD arithmetic subrou­tines.

Bit 3 = I

Interrupt mask

.

This bit is set by hardware when entering in inter­rupt or by software to disable all interrupts except
the TRAP software interrupt. This bit is cleared by
software.
0: Interrupts are enabled.
1: Interrupts are disabled.

This bit is controlled by the RIM, SIM and IRET in­structions andis tested by the JRM and JRNM in­structions.

Note: Interrupts requested while I is set are
latched and can be processed when I is cleared.
By default an interrupt routine is not interruptable
because the I bit is set by hardware when youen-

Bit 2 = N

Negative

.

This bit is set and cleared by hardware.It is repre­sentative of the result sign of the last arithmetic,
logical or data manipulation. It is a copy of the 7
bit of the result.
0:The result of the lastoperation is positive or null.
1: The result of the last operation is negative

(i.e. the most significant bit is a logic 1).

This bit isaccessed bythe JRMIand JRPL instruc­tions.

Bit 1 = Z

Zero

.

This bit is set and clearedby hardware. Thisbit in­dicates that the result of the last arithmetic, logical
or data manipulation is zero.
0: The result of the last operation is different from

zero.

1: The result of the last operation is zero.
This bit is accessed by the JREQ and JRNE test

instructions.

Bit 0 = C

Carry/borrow.

This bit is set and cleared by hardware and soft­ware. It indicates an overflow or anunderflow has
occurred during the last arithmetic operation.
0: No overflowor underflow has occurred.
1: An overflow or underflow has occurred.

This bit is driven by the SCFand RCFinstructions
and tested by theJRC and JRNC instructions. It is
also affected by the “bit testand branch”, shift and
rotate instructions.

th

15

15/100

ST72E311 ST72T311

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (Cont’d)
Stack Pointer (SP)

Read/Write
Reset Value: 01FFh

15 8

00000001

70

SP7 SP6 SP5 SP4 SP3 SP2 SP1 SP0

The Stack Pointer is a 16-bit register which is al­ways pointingto the next freelocation in the stack.
It isthen decremented after data has been pushed
onto the stack and incremented before data is
popped from the stack (see Figure 9).

Since the stack is 256 bytes deep, the 8th most
significant bits are forced by hardware. Following
an MCU Reset, or after a Reset Stack Pointer in­struction (RSP), the Stack Pointer contains its re­set value (the SP7 to SP0 bits are set) which is the
stack higheraddress.

The least significant byte of the Stack Pointer
(called S) can be directly accessed by a LD in­struction.

Note: When the lower limit is exceeded, the Stack
Pointer wraps around to the stack upperlimit, with­out indicating the stack overflow. The previously
stored information is then overwritten and there­fore lost.The stack also wrapsin case of anunder­flow.

The stack is used to save the return address dur­ing a subroutine call and the CPU context during
an interrupt.The user may alsodirectly manipulate
the stack by means of the PUSH and POP instruc­tions. In the case ofan interrupt,the PCLis stored
at the first location pointed to by the SP. Then the
other registers are stored in the next locations as
shown in Figure 9.

– Whenan interrupt is received, the SP is decre-

mented and the context is pushed on the stack.

– On return from interrupt, the SP is incremented

and thecontext ispopped from the stack.

A subroutine call occupies twolocations and anin­terrupt five locations in the stack area.

Figure 9. Stack Manipulation Example

@ 0100h

SP

@ 01FFh

CALL

Subroutine

SP

PCH

PCL

Stack Higher Address = 01FFh
Stack Lower Address =

Interrupt

Event

SP

CC

A

X
PCH
PCL
PCH
PCL

0100h

PUSH Y POP Y IRET

SP

Y

CC

A
X

PCH

PCL

PCH

PCL

CC

A
X

PCH

PCL

PCH

PCL

SP

PCH

PCL

RET

or RSP

SP

16/100

16

ST72E311 ST72T311

3 CLOCKS, RESET, INTERRUPTS & POWER SAVING MODES

3.1 CLOCK SYSTEM

3.1.1 General Description

The MCU accepts either a crystal or ceramic reso­nator, or an external clock signal todrive the inter­nal oscillator. The internal clock (f

from the external oscillator frequency (f

) is derived

CPU

OSC).

The

external Oscillator clock is first divided by 2, and
an additional divisionfactor of 2, 4, 8, or 16 canbe
applied, in Slow Mode, to reduce the frequency of
the f

; this clock signal is also routed to the on-

CPU

chip peripherals. TheCPU clock signal consists of
a squarewave with a duty cycle of50%.

The internal oscillator is designed to operate with
an AT-cut parallel resonant quartz crystal resona­tor in the frequency range specified for f

osc

.The

circuit shown in Figure 11 is recommended when
using a crystal, and Table 5 lists the recommend­ed capacitance and feedback resistance values.
The crystal and associated componentsshould be
mounted as close as possible to the input pins in
order to minimize output distortion and start-up
stabilisation time.

Use of an external CMOS oscillator is recom­mended when crystals outside the specified fre­quency ranges are to be used.

3.1.2 External Clock

An externalclock maybe applied tothe OSCIN in­put with the OSCOUT pin not connected, as
shown onFigure 10.

Figure 10. External Clock Source Connections

OSCIN OSCOUT

NC

EXTERNAL

CLOCK

Figure 11. Crystal/CeramicResonator

OSCIN OSCOUT

C

OSCIN

C

OSCOUT

Table 5 Recommended Values for 16 MHz

Crystal Resonator (C0< 7pF)

R

SMAX

R

SMAX

C

OSCIN

C

OSCOUT

: Parasitic series resistance of the quartz

40 Ω 60 Ω 150 Ω

56pF 47pF 22pF
56pF 47pF 22pF

crystal (upperlimit).
C0: Parasitic shunt capacitance of the quartz crys-

tal (upper limit 7pF).

C

OSCOUT,COSCIN

: Maximum total capacitance on

pins OSCIN and OSCOUT (the valueincludes the
external capacitance tied to the pin plus the para­sitic capacitance of the board and of the device).

Figure 12. Clock Prescaler Block Diagram

C

OSCIN

OSCIN

OSCOUT

%2 %2,4,8, 16

C

OSCOUT

f

CPU

to CPU and
Peripherals

17

17/100

ST72E311 ST72T311

3.2 RESET

3.2.1 Introduction

There are four sources of Reset:
– RESET pin (externalsource)
– Power-On Reset (Internal source)
– WATCHDOG (Internal Source)
– Low Voltage Detection Reset (internal source)
The Reset Service Routine vectoris located at ad-

dress FFFEh-FFFFh.

3.2.2 External Reset

The RESET pin is both an input and an open-drain
output with integrated pull-up resistor. When one
of the internal Reset sources is active, the Reset
pin is driven low for a duration of t

RESET

to reset

the whole application.

3.2.3 ResetOperation

The duration of the Reset state is a minimum of
4096 internal CPU Clock cycles. During the Reset
state, all I/Os take their reset value.

A Reset signal originating from an externalsource
must have a duration ofat least t

PULSE

in orderto

Figure 13. Reset Block Diagram

be recognised. This detection is asynchronous
and therefore the MCUcan enter Reset state even
in Halt mode.

At the end of the Reset cycle, the MCU may be
held in the Reset state by an External Reset sig­nal. The RESET pin may thus be used to ensure
VDDhas risen to a point where the MCU can oper­ate correctly before the user program is run. Fol­lowing a Reset event, or after exiting Halt mode, a
4096 CPU Clock cycle delay period is initiated in
order to allow the oscillator to stabilise and to en­sure that recovery has taken place from the Reset
state.

In the high state, the RESET pin is connected in­ternally to a pull-up resistor (RON). This resistor
can be pulled low by external circuitry to reset the
device.

The RESET pin is an asynchronous signal which
plays a majorrole in EMS performance. In a noisy
environment, it is recommended to use the exter­nal connections shown in Figure 6.

RESET

OSCILLATOR

SIGNAL

V

DD

R

ON

TO ST7

RESET

INTERNAL
RESET

COUNTER

POWER-ON RESET
WATCHDOG RESET
LOW VOLTAGE DETECTOR RESET

18/100

18

RESET (Cont’d)

3.2.4 LowVoltage Detector Reset

The on-chip Low Voltage Detector (LVD) gener­ates a static reset when the supply voltage is be-

cases, it is recommended to use devices without
the LVD Reset option and to rely on the watchdog
function to detect application runaway conditions.

low a reference value. The LVD functions both
during power-on as well as when the power supply
drops (brown-out). The reference value for a volt-

Figure14.LowVoltage DetectorResetFunction

age drop is lower than the referencevalue for pow­er-on in order to avoid a parasitic reset when the

V

MCU starts running and sinks current on the sup­ply (hysteresis).

DD

DETECTOR RESET

The LVD Reset circuitry generates a reset when
VDDis below:

V

LVDUP

V

LVDDOWN

Provided the minimun VDDvalue (guaranteed for
the oscillator frequency) is above V
MCU can only be in two modes:

- underfull software control or

when VDDis rising

when VDDis falling

LVDDOWN

, the

Figure 15. Low Voltage Detector Reset Signal

V

LVDUP

- instatic safe reset
In this condition, secure operation is always en-

V

DD

sured for the application without the need for ex­ternal reset hardware.

RESET

During a Low Voltage Detector Reset, the RESET
pin is held low, thus permitting the MCU to reset
other devices.

In noisy environments, the power supplymay drop
for short periods and cause the Low Voltage De-

Note: See electrical characteristics for values of
V

LVDUP

and V

tector to generate a Reset too frequently. In such

Figure 16. Temporization timing diagram after an internal Reset

LOW VOLTAGE

FROM

WATCHDOG

RESET

LVDDOWN

ST72E311 ST72T311

RESET

V

LVDDOWN

V

DD

Addresses

V

LVDUP

Temporization (4096CPU clock cycles)

$FFFE

19/100

19

ST72E311 ST72T311

3.3 INTERRUPTS

The ST7 coremay be interrupted by one oftwo dif­ferent methods: maskable hardware interrupts as
listed in the Interrupt Mapping Table and a non­maskable software interrupt (TRAP). The Interrupt
processing flowchartis shown in Figure 17.
The maskable interrupts mustbe enabled clearing
the I bitin order tobe serviced. However,disabled
interrupts may be latched and processed when
they are enabled (see external interrupts subsec­tion).

When an interrupt has to be serviced:
– Normal processing is suspended at the end of

the current instruction execution.

– The PC, X, A and CC registers are saved onto

the stack.

– The I bit of theCC register is set to prevent addi-

tional interrupts.

– ThePC is thenloaded withthe interrupt vector of

the interrupt to service and the first instructionof
the interrupt serviceroutine is fetched (refer to
the Interrupt Mapping Table for vector address­es).

The interrupt service routine should finish with the
IRET instruction which causes the contents of the
saved registersto be recovered from thestack.

Note: As a consequence of the IRET instruction,
the I bit will be cleared and the main program will
resume.

Priority management

By default, a servicing interrupt can not be inter­rupted because the I bit is set by hardware enter­ing in interrupt routine.

In the case several interrupts are simultaneously
pending, an hardware priority defines which one
will be serviced first (see the Interrupt Mapping Ta­ble).

Non Maskable Software Interrupts

This interrupt is entered when the TRAP instruc­tion is executed regardless of the state of theI bit.
It will be serviced according to the flowchart on
Figure 17.

Interrupts and Low power mode

All interrupts allowthe processor to leave the Wait
low power mode. Only external and specific men­tioned interrupts allow the processor to leave the

Halt low power mode (refer to the “Exit from HALT“
column in the Interrupt Mapping Table).

External Interrupts

External interrupt vectorscan be loaded in the PC
register if the corresponding external interrupt oc­curred and if the I bit is cleared. These interrupts
allow the processor to leave the Halt low power
mode.

The external interrupt polarity is selected through
the miscellaneous register or interrupt register (if
available).

External interrupt triggered on edge will be latched
and the interrupt request automatically cleared
upon entering the interrupt service routine.

If several input pins, connected to the same inter­rupt vector, are configured as interrupts, their sig­nals are logically ANDed before entering the edge/
level detection block.

Warning: The type of sensitivity defined in the
Miscellaneous or Interrupt register (if available)
applies to the EI source. In case of an ANDed
source (as described on the I/O ports section), a
low level on an I/O pin configured as input with in­terrupt, masks the interrupt request even in case
of rising-edge sensitivity.

Peripheral Interrupts

Different peripheral interrupt flags in the status
register are able to cause an interrupt when they
are active if both:

– TheI bit of the CC register is cleared.
– The correspondingenable bit is set in the control

register.

If any of these two conditions is false, the interrupt
is latched and thus remains pending.

Clearing an interrupt request is done by:
– writing “0” to the corresponding bit in the status

register or

– anaccess to the status register while the flag is

set followed bya read or writeof an associated
register.

Note: the clearing sequence resets the internal
latch. A pending interrupt (i.e. waiting for being en­abled) will therefore be lost if the clear sequence is
executed.

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20

INTERRUPTS (Cont’d)
Figure 17. Interrupt Processing Flowchart

FROM RESET

ST72E311 ST72T311

EXECUTEINSTRUCTION

RESTORE PC,X, A,CC FROM STACK

BIT I SET

Y

FETCH NEXT INSTRUCTION

N

THIS CLEARS I BIT BY DEFAULT

IRET

Y

N

N

BIT I SET

Y

STACK PC, X, A, CC

SET I BIT

LOAD PC FROM INTERRUPT VECTOR

21

21/100

ST72E311 ST72T311

Table 6. Interrupt Mapping

Source

Block

RESET Reset N/A N/A yes FFFEh-FFFFh
TRAP Software N/A N/A no FFFCh-FFFDh

EI0 Ext. Interrupt (Ports PA0:PA3) N/A N/A
EI1 Ext. Interrupt (Ports PF0:PF2) N/A N/A FFF4h-FFF5h
EI2 Ext. Interrupt (Ports PB0:PB3) N/A N/A FFF2h-FFF3h
EI3 Ext. Interrupt (Ports PB4:PB7) N/A N/A FFF0h-FFF1h

SPI

TIMER A

TIMER B

SCI

Transfer Complete
Mode Fault MODF
Input Capture 1
Output Compare 1 OCF1_A
Input Capture 2 ICF2_A
Output Compare 2 OCF2_A
Timer Overflow TOF_A
Input Capture 1
Output Compare 1 OCF1_B
Input Capture 2 ICF2_B
Output Compare 2 OCF2_B
Timer Overflow TOF_B
Transmit Buffer Empty
Transmit Complete TC
Receive Buffer Full RDRF
Idle Line Detect IDLE
Overrun OR

Description

NOT USED FFFAh-FFFBh
NOT USED FFF8h-FFF9h

NOT USED FFEEh-FFEFh

NOT USED FFE4h-FFE5h
NOT USED FFE2h-FFE3h
NOT USED FFE0h-FFE1h

Register

Label

SPISR

TASR

TBSR

SCISR

Flag

SPIF

ICF1_A

ICF1_B

TDRE

Exit

from

HALT

yes

no

Vector

Address

FFF6h-FFF7h

FFECh-FFEDh

FFEAh-FFEBh

FFE8h-FFE9h

FFE6h-FFE7h

Priority

Order

Highest

Priority

Lowest
Priority

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22

3.4 POWER SAVING MODES

3.4.1 Introduction

There are threePower Savingmodes. SlowMode
is selected by setting the relevant bits in the Mis­cellaneous register. Wait and Halt modes may be
entered usingthe WFI and HALT instructions.

ST72E311 ST72T311

Figure 18. WAIT Flow Chart

WFI INSTRUCTION

3.4.2 Slow Mode

In Slow mode, the oscillator frequency can be di­vided by a value defined in the Miscellaneous
Register. The CPU and peripherals are clocked at
this lower frequency. Slow mode isused to reduce
power consumption, and enables the user to adapt
clock frequencyto available supply voltage.

3.4.3 Wait Mode

Wait mode places the MCU in a low power con­sumption mode by stoppingthe CPU. Allperipher­als remain active. During Wait mode, the I bit (CC
Register) is cleared, so as to enable all interrupts.
All otherregisters and memory remain unchanged.
The MCU will remain in Wait mode until an Inter­rupt or Reset occurs, whereupon the Program
Counter branches to the starting address of the In­terrupt orReset Service Routine.
The MCU will remain in Waitmode until a Reset or
an Interrupt occurs, causing it to wake up.

Refer to Figure 18 below.

N

INTERRUPT

Y

OSCILLATOR
PERIPH. CLOCK
CPU CLOCK

I-BIT

N

RESET

OSCILLATOR
PERIPH. CLOCK
CPU CLOCK

I-BIT

4096 CPU CLOCK

CYCLES DELAY

ON

ON

OFF
CLEARED

Y

ON

ON

ON
SET

OSCILLATOR
PERIPH. CLOCK
CPU CLOCK

I-BIT

FETCH RESET VECTOR

OR SERVICE INTERRUPT

Note: Before servicing an interrupt, the CC register is
pushed on the stack. The I-Bit is set during the inter­rupt routine and cleared when the CC register is
popped.

ON

ON

ON
SET

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23

ST72E311 ST72T311

POWER SAVINGMODES (Cont’d)

3.4.4 Halt Mode

The Halt mode is the MCU lowest power con­sumption mode. The Halt mode is entered by exe­cuting theHALT instruction. The internal oscillator
is then turned off, causing all internal processing to
be stopped, including the operation of the on-chip
peripherals. The Halt mode cannot be used when
the watchdog isenabled, ifthe HALT instruction is
executed while the watchdog systemis enabled,a
watchdog reset is generatedthus resetting the en­tire MCU.

When entering Halt mode, the Ibit in the CC Reg­ister is clearedso as to enable External Interrupts.
If an interrupt occurs, the CPU becomes active.

The MCU canexit the Halt mode upon receptionof
an interrupt or a reset. Refer to the Interrupt Map­ping Table. The oscillator is then turned on and a
stabilization time is provided beforereleasing CPU
operation. Thestabilization time is 4096 CPU clock
cycles.

After the start up delay, the CPU continuesoper­ation byservicing the interrupt which wakes itup or
by fetching the reset vector if a resetwakes it up.

Figure 19. HALT Flow Chart

HALT INSTRUCTION

WATCHDOG

RESET

N

EXTERNAL

INTERRUPT

Y

OSCILLATOR
PERIPH. CLOCK
CPU CLOCK
I-BIT

N

1)

WDG

ENABLED?

N

OFF

OFF

OFF
CLEARED

RESET

Y

Y

1) or some specific interrupts

2) if reset PERIPH. CLOCK = ON ; if interrupt
PERIPH. CLOCK = OFF

Note: Before servicing an interrupt, the CC register is
pushed on the stack. The I-Bit is set during the inter­rupt routine and cleared when the CC register is
popped.

OSCILLATOR
PERIPH. CLOCK
CPU CLOCK

I-BIT

4096 CPU CLOCK

CYCLES DELAY

OSCILLATOR
PERIPH. CLOCK

CPU CLOCK
I-BIT

FETCH RESET VECTOR

OR SERVICE INTERRUPT

ON

2)

OFF

ON
SET

ON

ON

ON
SET

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24

3.5 MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER

ST72E311 ST72T311

The Miscellaneous register allows to select the
SLOW operatingmode, the polarity of external in­terrupt requestsand to output the internal clock.

Register Address:0020h — Read/Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)

Bit 4:3 = PEI[1:0]

Polarity Options

External Interrupt EI1 and EI0

.
These bits are set and cleared by software. They
determine which event on EI0 and EI1 causes the
external interrupt according to Table 8.

Table 8. EI0 and EI1 External Interrupt Polarity

70

PEI3 PEI2 MCO PEI1 PEI0 PSM1 PSM0 SMS

Bit 7:6 = PEI[3:2]

Polarity Options

External Interrupt EI3 and EI2

.
These bits are set and cleared by software. They
determine which event on EI2 and EI3 causes the

Options

MODE PEI1 PEI0

Falling edge and low level

(Reset state)

Falling edge only 1 0

Rising edge only 0 1

Rising and falling edge 1 1

external interrupt according to Table 7.

Table 7. EI2 and EI3 External Interrupt Polarity

Options

Note: Any modification of oneof these two bits re-

sets the interrupt request related to this interrupt
vector.

MODE PEI3 PEI2

Falling edge and low level

(Reset state)

Falling edge only 1 0

Rising edge only 0 1

Rising and falling edge 1 1

Note: Any modification of one of these two bits re­sets the interrupt request related to this interrupt
vector.

Bit 5 = MCO

Main Clock Out

This bit isset and cleared by software. Whenset, it
enables the output of the Internal Clock on the

00

Bit 2:1 = PSM[1:0]

These bits are set and cleared by soft­ware. They determine the CPU clock
when the SMS bit is set according to the
following table.

Table 9. f

Value in Slow Mode

CPU

f

Value

CPU

f

OSC

f

OSC

f

OSC

f

OSC

Prescaler forSlow Mode

/4 0 0

/16 0 1

/8 1 0

/32 1 1

PPF0 I/O port.
0 -PF0 is a general purpose I/O port.
1 -MCO alternate function (f

is output on PF0

CPU

pin).

Bit 0 = SMS

Slow Mode Select

This bit is set and cleared by software.

0: Normal Mode - f

CPU=fOSC

/2

(Reset state)

1: Slow Mode -the f

valueis determined by the

CPU

PSM[1:0] bits.

00

PSM1 PSM0

25

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ST72E311 ST72T311

4 ON-CHIP PERIPHERALS

4.1 I/O PORTS

4.1.1 Introduction

The I/O ports offer different functional modes:
– transferof datathrough digitalinputs and outputs
and forspecific pins:
– analog signal input (ADC)
– alternate signal input/output for the on-chip pe-

ripherals.
– external interrupt generation
An I/O port is composed of up to 8 pins. Each pin

can be programmedindependently as digital input
(with or without interrupt generation) or digital out­put.

4.1.2 Functional Description

Each portis associated to 2 main registers:
– Data Register (DR)
– Data Direction Register (DDR)
and someof them to an optional register:
– Option Register(OR)
Each I/Opin may be programmed using thecorre-

sponding register bits in DDR and OR registers: bit
X corresponding topin Xof the port. The samecor­respondence is used for the DR register.

The following description takes into account the
OR register, for specific ports whichdo notprovide
this register refer to the I/O Port Implementation
Section 4.1.3. The generic I/O block diagram is
shown onFigure 21.

4.1.2.1 Input Modes

The input configuration isselected by clearing the
corresponding DDRregister bit.

In this case, reading the DR register returns the
digital value applied to the external I/O pin.

Different input modes can be selected by software
through theOR register.

Notes:

1. All the inputs are triggered by a Schmitt trigger.

2. When switching from input mode to output
mode, the DR register should be written first to
output the correct value as soon as the port is con­figured as an output.

Interrupt function

When an I/O is configured in Input with Interrupt,
an event on this I/O can generate an external In­terrupt request to theCPU. The interrupt polarity is
given independently according to the description
mentioned in the Miscellaneous register or in the
interrupt register (where available).

Each pin can independently generate an Interrupt
request.

Each external interrupt vector is linked to a dedi­cated group of I/O port pins (see Interrupts sec­tion). If several input pins are configured as inputs
to the same interrupt vector, their signals are logi­cally ANDed before entering the edge/level detec­tion block. For this reason if one of the interrupt
pins is tied low, it masks the other ones.

4.1.2.2 Output Mode

The pin is configuredin output mode by setting the
corresponding DDR registerbit.

In this mode, writing “0” or “1” to the DR register
applies this digital value to the I/O pin through the
latch. Then reading the DR register returns the
previously stored value.

Note: In this mode, the interrupt function is disa­bled.

4.1.2.3 Digital Alternate Function

When an on-chipperipheral is configured to use a
pin, the alternate function is automatically select­ed. This alternate function takes priority over
standard I/O programming. When the signal is
coming from an on-chip peripheral, the I/O pin is
automatically configuredin output mode (push-pull
or open drain according to the peripheral).

When the signal is going to an on-chip peripheral,
the I/O pin has to be configured ininput mode. In
this case, the pin’s state is also digitally readable
by addressing the DR register.

Notes:

1. Input pull-up configuration can cause an unex­pected value atthe input of the alternate peripher­al input.

2. When the on-chip peripheral uses apin asinput
and output, this pin must beconfigured asan input
(DDR = 0).

Warning

vated as long as the pin isconfigured as input with
interrupt, in order to avoid generating spurious in­terrupts.

: The alternate function must not be acti-

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26

I/O PORTS (Cont’d)

4.1.2.4 Analog Alternate Function

When the pin is used as an ADC input theI/O must
be configured as input, floating. The analog multi­plexer (controlled by the ADC registers) switches
the analog voltage present on the selected pin to
the common analog rail which is connected to the
ADC input.

It isrecommended not to change the voltage level
or loading on any port pin while conversion is in
progress. Furthermore it is recommended not to
have clocking pins located close to a selected an­alog pin.

Warning

: The analog input voltage level must be

4.1.3 I/O Port Implementation

The hardware implementation oneach I/O port de­pends on the settingsin theDDR and OR registers
and specific feature of the I/O port such as ADCIn­put (see Figure 21) or true open drain. Switching
these I/O ports from one state to another should
be done in a sequence that prevents unwanted
side effects. Recommended safetransitions are il­lustrated in Figure 20. Other transitions are poten­tially risky and should be avoided, since they are
likely to present unwanted side-effects such as
spurious interrupt generation.

within the limits stated in the Absolute Maximum
Ratings.

Figure 20. Recommended I/O State Transition Diagram

ST72E311 ST72T311

INPUT

with interrupt

INPUT

no interrupt

OUTPUT

OUTPUT

push-pullopen-drain

27

27/100

ST72E311 ST72T311

I/O PORTS (Cont’d)
Figure 21. I/O BlockDiagram

ALTERNATE
OUTPUT

ALTERNATE ENABLE

1

M
U

X

0

V

DD

P-BUFFER

(S

EE TABLE BELOW)

DATA BUS

EE TABLE BELOW)

(S

COMMON ANALOG RAIL

DR SEL

ALTERNATE INPUT

DR

LATCH

DDR
LATCH

OR

LATCH

ORSEL

DDR SEL

ALTERNATE
ENABLE

PULL-UP
CONDITION

PULL-UP

V

DD

DIODE

(SEE TABLE BELOW)

PAD

ANALOG ENABLE

(ADC)

ANALOG

GND

SWITCH

(S

EE NOTE BELOW)

N-BUFFER

ALTERNATE

1
M
U

X

0

ENABLE

GND

CMOS

SCHMITT TRIGGER

EXTERNAL
INTERRUPT

POLARITY

SEL

FROM
OTHER
BITS

SOURCE (EIx)

Table 10. Port Mode Configuration

Configuration Mode Pull-up P-buffer V

Floating 0 0 1
Pull-up 1 0 1
Push-pull 0 1 1
True Open Drain not present not present not present
Open Drain (logic level) 0 0 1

Legend:
0 - present, not activated
1 - present and activated

Notes:

– No OR Register on some ports (see register map).
– ADC Switch on ports with analog alternate functions.

28/100

DD

Diode

28

I/O PORTS (Cont’d)
Table 11. Port Configuration

ST72E311 ST72T311

Port Pin name

PA0:PA2

Port A

PA3 floating* pull-up with interrupt open-drain push-pull

1)

Input (DDR = 0) Output (DDR = 1)

OR= 0 OR= 1 OR = 0 OR=1

floating* pull-up with interrupt open-drain push-pull

PA4:PA7 floating* true open drain, high sink capability
PB0:PB4 floating* pull-up with interrupt open-drain push-pull

Port B

PB5:PB7

1)

floating* pull-up with interrupt open-drain push-pull

Port C PC0:PC7 floating* pull-up open-drain push-pull

PD0:PD5 floating* pull-up open-drain push-pull

Port D

PD6:PD7

1)

floating* pull-up open-drain push-pull

PE0:PE1 floating* pull-up open-drain push-pull

Port E

PE4:PE7

1)

floating*

2)

true open drain,

high sink capability

PF0:PF2 floating* pull-up with interrupt open-drain push-pull

Port F

PF4, PF6,PF7 floating* pull-up open-drain push-pull

Notes:

1. ST72T311N only

2. For OTP/EPROM version, when OR=0: floating & when OR=1: reserved

3. For OTP/EPROM version, when OR=0: open-drain, high sinkcapability & when OR=1: reserved

3)

* Reset state (The bits corresponding to unavailable pins are forced to 1 by hardware, this affects the reset status value).

Warning: Allbits of the DDR register whichcorrespond to unconnected I/Os must be left attheir reset val­ue. They must not be modified by the user otherwise a spurious interruptmay be generated.

29/100

29

ST72E311 ST72T311

I/O PORTS (Cont’d)

4.1.4 Register Description

4.1.4.1 Data registers

Port A Data Register (PADR)
Port B Data Register (PBDR)
Port C Data Register (PCDR)
Port D Data Register (PDDR)
Port E Data Register (PEDR)
Port F Data Register (PFDR)
Read/Write

Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)

4.1.4.3 Option registers

Port A OptionRegister (PAOR)
Port B OptionRegister (PBOR)
Port C Option Register (PBOR)
Port D Option Register (PBOR)
Port E OptionRegister (PBOR)
Port F Option Register (PFOR)
Read/Write

Reset Value: see Register Memory Map Table 4

70

D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

Bit 7:0 = D7-D0

Data Register 8 bits.

The DR register has a specific behaviour accord­ing to the selected input/output configuration. Writ­ing the DR register is always taken in account
even if the pin is configured as an input. Reading
the DR register returns either theDR register latch
content (pin configuredas output) or the digital val­ue applied to the I/O pin (pin configured as input).

70

O7 O6 O5 O4 O3 O2 O1 O0

Bit 7:0 = O7-O0

Option Register8 bits.

The OR register allow to distinguish in input mode
if the interrupt capability or the floating configura­tion is selected.

In output mode it select push-pull or open-drain
capability.

Each bit is set and cleared by software.
Input mode:

4.1.4.2 Data direction registers

Port A Data Direction Register (PADDR)
Port B Data Direction Register (PBDDR)
Port C Data Direction Register (PCDDR)

0: floating input
1: input pull-up with interrupt

Output mode:
0: open-drain configuration

1: push-pull configuration

Port D Data Direction Register (PDDDR)
Port E Data Direction Register (PEDDR)
Port F Data Direction Register (PFDDR)
Read/Write

Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) (input mode)

70

DD7 DD6 DD5 DD4 DD3 DD2 DD1 DD0

Bit 7:0 = DD7-DD0

Data Direction Register 8 bits.

The DDR register gives the input/output direction
configuration of the pins. Each bits is set and
cleared by software.

0: Input mode
1: Output mode

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30