L6452 is a device designed to drive two 13x16
matrix ink jet print heads in printer applications.
The output stage is able to source simultaneously
400 mA on each of the 16 power lines (columns)
with a duty cycle of 33% in normal printing and
66% in head pre-heating. On the address lines
(rows), the load is only capacitive (MOS FET
driving capability). The driver can control two print
heads, but only one is active at a time. The
address scanning counter is included and can be
disabled to allow a different scanning scheme.
L6452
In order to avoid output activation during the
supply transient, an internal power-up system is
implemented.
As supporting function, L6452 is capable of
sensing the head silicon temperature and to
electrically check each nozzle.
The device is also integrating a thermal
protection
A rising edge transfer the information from CR shift register into the
control register latching the data on the falling edge
High side DMOS outputs. To be active, ShortPulse and/or LongPulse
and NcEn must have a low level
5/22
Pin descriptionL6452
Table 1.Pin function - continued
Pin # Name Function
3, 7, 10, 13,
17, 20, 23,
26
4, 15, 27,
51, 79, 92
29 LatchClear A high level resets all bit in the latch
30 NcEn
Vc
GND logic and power ground
Outputs Power Supply
A high level enables the internal current sources and disables all
DMOS outputs. To be active, the internal current sources must have
their corresponding bit set in the 16 bit latch and
set to low level. This function is called Nozzle Check Enable.
LongPulse must be
31 LatchData
32 SDI Serial data input of the shift register
33 SDC
34 LongPulse
35 ShortPulse
36 Reset A low level disables all functions and clears all registers
37 ConvStart A high level enables the A/D to start the new conversion
38 ADCK
39 NCOut
40 CH0buf Analog output signal (CH0 buffered)
41 ADDATA A/D serial data output
42 AnalogGND Analog ground connection
43 ADCGND Ground of internal ADC
A rising edge latches the 16 bit stored in the shift register in the 16 bit
latch
The data bit presented to the SDI pin is stored into the register on the
rising edge of this pin
A low level activates all outputs having their corresponding bit in the
16 bit latch set (this pin has an internal pull-up resistor)
A low level activates all outputs having their corresponding bit in the
16 bit latch reset (this pin has an internal pull-up resistor)
A/D clock signal; the ADDATA signal are valid on the falling edge of
this pin
If NcEn is high this output provides a high level when the open load is
detected on the output. If NcEn is low this output provides a high level
when a short circuit is detected on HSA/B output
44, 90 Va Power supply
45 Vref Reference voltage generator
46 to 50 CH5..CH1 A/D input signals
52 to 64 HSB1..HSB13 Head selector address output channel B
65 Vr Head Select Power Supply
66 to 78 HSA13..HSA1 Head selector address output channel A
Enable Internal Counter:
80 EnlC
6/22
A high level enables the counter and the internal decoder will activate
of the HSx outputs according to the counter’s outputs. Signal S0
becomes ClkC and S1 becomes ResC
L6452Pin description
Table 1.Pin function - continued
Pin # Name Function
81 ChSel
82 S3 Decoder input signals when EnIC is low
83 UpC/S2
84 ResC/S1
85 EnCh
86 ClkC/S0
87 StepUpGND Ground of step up block
88 StepUpBoost Boost voltage
89 VstepUp Driving voltage of power DMOS stage
91 VDD 5V logic supply
93 Rext
Channel Select:
A low level enables channel A and a high level enables channel B
UpCount/S2:
A high level enables the internal counter to up counting. A low level
enables down counting depending on EnlC value it becomes S2.
Reset Count/S1:
A low level resets the internal counter depending on EnlC value it
becomes S1.
Enable Channel:
A low level enables the selected channel (this input has an internal
pull up resistor)
A high level clocks the internal counter depending on EnlC value it
becomes S0.
An external resistor connected to ground fixes the internal current
source value
94, 95 RxB, RxA Current source outputs
96, 97 VxA, VxB RxA, RxB voltage after an optional external filter
98 OnEnable
99 CRclock
100 CRdata Control register serial data input
A low level enables the current source generator according the A/B
and ON/
Data on pin CRdata are stored into the register on the rising edge of
this pin
OFF control register bit
7/22
Electrical specificationsL6452
3 Electrical specifications
3.1 Absolute maximum ratings
Table 2.Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
V
c
V
r
Power line supply voltage 14V
Address line supply voltage 14V
VaAnalog supply voltage 14V
V
dd
V
step_up
ESD
V
in
I
out
T
j
T
amb
T
stg
(1) All the pins connected to the pen passed ESD Contact Electrostatic Discharge @ ±4kV (150pF, 330Ohm source).
Logic supply voltage 6V
Driving voltage of power DMOS stage 28V
In accordance with IEC 1000-4-2
Logic input voltage range
(1)
±4kV
-0.3 to V
dd
+ 0.3
Output continuous current 0.5A
Junction temperature 150°C
Operating temperature range 0 to 70°C
Storage temperature range -55 to 150°C
3.2 DC Electrical characteristics
Table 3.DC Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25°C)
SymbolParameterTest ConditionMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
V
c
V
r
V
a
V
dd
I
cs
I
rs
I
as
I
c
I
r
I
a
Power Line Supply voltage
Address line supply voltage
Analog supply voltage
Logic supply voltage 4.5 5 5.5 V
Vc sleep supply current
Vr sleep supply current
Va sleep supply current
Vc supply current
Vr supply current
Va supply current I
(1)
(1)
(1)
OnEnable
= 3mA
Rext
8/22
= 1 Reset = 0
10.5
11.5 12.5 V
(2)
10.5 11.5 12.5 V
10.5 11.5 12.5 V
1 mA
0.3 mA
3 mA
1.5 mA
0.6 mA
13 mA
L6452Electrical specifications
ccs
V
ref
2R
ext
---------------
4⋅=
Table 3.DC Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25°C) - continued
SymbolParameterTest ConditionMin.Typ.Max.Unit
V
I
refext
I
ΔI
ccs/Iccs
V
ampout
I
ccs
dd
ref
Vdd supply current
Reference Voltage
sleep or normal condition5 mA
= 5 to 55°C
T
amb
4.85 5 5.15 V
Reference current (external) 7 mA
Programmed constant current 12 13.5 mA
Constant current regulation
Output voltage of integrated
=11V T
V
a
= 5 to 55°C
amb
0.33 %
(3)
e
amplifier
V
V
cm
Operating input voltage at pins
= 5V g1=1.2 g2 = 3
ref
Vxa and Vxb
g1Amp. A1 Voltage gain 1.188 1.2 1.212
g2Amp.A2 Voltage gain 2.95 3.02 3.10
V
step-up
Driving Voltage of power
DMOS
Vc +11
A/D CONVERTER
V
A/D in
A/D input voltage
Selected Channel:
CH1 to CH5
Selected Ch=CH0
0
(3)
e
Va-1 V
7 V
V
Vref
Vref V V
I
exch
A/D input current
OFFSET VOLTAGE GENERATION / DAC
V
V
K
offset
step
dac
Offset Voltage
Voltage increment (1LSB)
Voffset/Vref Any step N ≥ 4 ±3 %
A/D CONVERTER TIMINGS
T
T
T
F
T
cscks
csckh
ckout
T
csz
adck
cslow
ConvStart set up time 200ns
ConvStart hold time 200ns
Falling edge of clock to data
out valid delay
ConvStart falling edge to
output in Hi-Z delay
Clock frequency 250KHz
Conv. Start low level time 5.6μs
Input CH1 to CH5
selected or not
= 5V
V
ref
Vref= 5V
C
≤ 20pF
load
2.5 + e
(3)
±1 μA
7.34 V
156 mV
200ns
200ns
9/22
Electrical specificationsL6452
Table 3.DC Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25°C) - continued
SymbolParameterTest ConditionMin.Typ.Max.Unit
T
acqth
T
acqpr
Theoretical acquisition time
Real acquisition time
f
= 250 kHz
adck
= 250 kHz
f
adck
32.4μs
36μs
DIGITAL INTERFACE INPUT
V
V
Vhys
inp
inm
Iin
Schmitt Trigger positive-going
Threshold
Schmitt Trigger negative-going
Threshold
1/3V
dd
2/3V
dd
Schmitt Trigger Hysteresis 0.10.31V
Input Current (Vin=0; Vdd=5)
(4)
50150300μA
CR LATCH TIMINGS
T
T
t
T
ls
lhigh
lconv
store
Latch set up time 100ns
Latch high time 100ns
Latch data valid to A/D input
valid delay
Selected channel:
CH1..CH5
CH0
4
7
Latching data time200ns
Note:The control register (driving signals CRdata, CRclock) is accessed with the same timing
specifications as the data 16 bit shift register (signals SDI, SDC)
V
V
μs
μs
SHIFT REGISTER AND LATCH TIMING
T
a
T
b
T
c
T
d
T
e
T
f
T
g
Set up time 35ns
Hold time 35ns
Serial clock low time 35ns
Serial clock high time 35ns
Serial clock period 125ns
Latch set up time 100ns
Latch data high time 100ns
NcEn setup time with respect
T
set
to LongPulse (or ShortPulse)
Asserted
NcEn hold time with respect to
T
hold
LongPulse
(or ShortPulse)
Asserted
T
lp
T
pl
Set-up time from latch to Pulse
(short and long)
Time from Pulse deassertion to
new data latching
160ns
0ns
125ns
125ns
10/22
L6452Electrical specifications
Table 3.DC Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25°C) - continued
SymbolParameterTest ConditionMin.Typ.Max.Unit
OUTPUTS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
R
ds(ON)
T
T
R
I
out
pdr
pd
pon
Output Current (outputs 0..15)
On Resistance
Power output Turn on Time
Toff delay time
Open Nozzle Check0.512kΩ
HEAD ADDRESS SELECTOR OUTPUT
UpC/S2, ResC/S1, ChSel,
T
h
ClkC/S0 and EnIC set-up time
with respect to EnCh
UpC/S2, ResC/S1, ChSel,
T
k
ClkC/S0 and EnIC hold time
with respect to EnCh
T
T
UpC/S2 with respect to hold
j
time ClkC/S0
UpC/S2 with respect to setup
i
time ClkC/S0
DC=33%;
preheating DC=66%
= 25°C
T
j
From 50% LongPulse
to 90%
power output rising edge Load =
30 Ohm in parallel with 1.5nF
From 50% LongPulse
to 90%
power output falling edge Load =
30 Ohm in parallel with 1.5nF
400mA
1.3Ω
160ns
100ns
150ns
50ns
200ns
100ns
T
m
T
n
T
o
f
clk-counter
Clk
T
on
Enable input to active output
delay time
Clock to active output delay
time
Disable input to inactive output
delay time
Counter Clock Frequency 1MHz
Clock duty cycle 1090%
dc
Address Turn on time
From 50% ClkC/S0 or selector
signal to 90% of the address
T
off
(1) The three supply voltage are independent inside the specified value;
(2) The Min. value for V
guaranteed within spec limit of the above DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS table.
(3) e = 2 · V
(4) This applies to input pins having an internal pull-up (ENCH, LONGPULSE, SHORTPULSE)
Address Turn off time 325ns
power line has been verified down to 4V in application lab.; nevertheless the parameters are
This table is valid for both Channel A and Channel B and when EnCh is set to low level.
13/22
Print Head Temperature Control PartL6452
CCS
V
ref
4⋅
2R
ext
⋅
----------------------=
4 Print Head Temperature Control Part
4.1 Introduction
For quality printing, it is necessary to know and control the temperature of the print head. Thus,
the latter has a built - in aluminium resistor, whose value changes slightly with the temperature.
The temperature determination is done by injecting a constant current in the resistor, and
measuring the voltage drop across it. Since high - end printers have two heads, it must also be
possible to switch quickly the measurement process from one to the other. The function is
foreseen to be integrated into the head driver, and is described hereafter.
4.2 Print Head Block Diagram (Figure 5.)
At first we have a constant current source, which can be disabled by an external pin (OnEnable)
or by a control register, described later. The value of the current can be programmed by an
external resistor, and is given by:
This current is injected either into the resistor of the head A (Ralu. A) or B (Ralu. B), depending
of the switch SW3. The resistors are grounded, and the voltage at their << hot >> side (Vx) is
re-entered via the pins VxA and VxB. Using separate pins from RxA and RxB permits to be
more flexible, and a filter can eventually be added as shown in the drawing.
The voltage Vx is amplified by A1 and A2, and then converted in a digital value. To be
compatible with the input range of the A/D converter, it is necessary to subtract an offset
voltage Voffset from Vx. Moreover, as the initial value of the aluminum resistor is very
imprecise. Voffset must be adjustable; this is done by means of a 5 bit - D/A converter, giving 32
different values. Finally, the voltage at the input of the A/D converter is:
V
= g1 · g2 · VX - g2 × V
CH0
OFFSET
or
V
= g1 · g2 · Ralu · I
CH0
V
OFFSET
= V
The reference voltage generator (V
/2 + N · V
REF
) is integrated, and used for the current source and both
REF
- g2 · V
CCS
/32 N = 0, 1, ...31
REF
OFFSET
;
the A/D and D/A converters. In this way, the system performance is independent from the
precision of V
; this one should, however, be stable. Vref is also available on pin #45, and
REF
can be used for low consumption purposes. (The external sinked current has to be a DC
current).
The system is under control of a 10 bit register, CR. CR is accessed serially and has a
transparent latch, which can be used or not (by trying the latch signal CR latch to V
CC
).
14/22
L6452Print Head Temperature Control Part
REF
VOLT
VREF
+
g1
A1
g2
A
VREF/2
VREF OUT
Va
D/A 5 BIT
A/B ON/OFF DA4 DA3 DA2 DA1 DA0 ADDR2 ADDR1 ADDR0
D
VREF
CONTROL
REGISTER
LATCH 10 BIT
SHIFT REG. 10 BIT
CRLATCH
CRCLOCK
CRDATA
A
B
D
C
VREF
A2
Vx
SW1
SW2
SW3
CH0+
-
CH1
CH2
CH3
CH4
CH5
ADDATA
ADCK
CONVSTART
A/D
INPUTS
CH0BUF
REXT
ONENABLE
RXA, RXBVXA, VXB
RALU BRALU A
ANALOG GND
Note; the analog ground is separated from the digital ground of the remaining part of the driver
D97IN533C
HIGH-SIDE
CONSTANT
CURRENT
SOURCE
VOFFSET
A/BON/OFFDA4DA3DA2DA1DA0 ADDR2 ADDR1 ADDR0
D/A INPUTS FOR OFFSET
COMPENSATION
D97IN534B
CR9CR8CR7CR6CR5CR4CR3CR2CR1CR0
CHANNEL SELECTION
A/D INPUT
SHIFT DIRECTION
SELECTION OF RESISTOR A
(A/B = 0) or B
(A/B = 0) for
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
SWITCHES THE CURRENT SOURCE ON or OFF;
LINKED WITH ONENABLE INPUT PIN
ON/OFFONENABLEACTION
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
ADDR2CHANNEL ADDRESS CH0BUF
0
0
0
0
0 (INTERNAL)
1 (EXTERNAL)
2 (EXTERNAL)
3 (EXTERNAL)
A
B
B
B
ONE INTERNAL CHANNEL
(VX MEASUREMENT)
FIVE UNCOMMITTED, GENRAL-PURPOSE
EXTERNAL CHANNELS
ADDR1
0
0
1
1
ADDR0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
4 (EXTERNAL)
5 (EXTERNAL)
B
B
C
D
DA0 = LSB
DA4 = MSB
POSITIVE LOGIC
110 6
111 7
Figure 5.Print Head Block Diagram
Figure 6.Control Register details.
15/22
Print Head Temperature Control PartL6452
t
lconv
t
lhigh
t
store
t
ls
CONVSTART
CRLATCH
CRCLOCK
CRDATA
D97IN535B
DA0ADDR2ADDR1ADDR0
t
csx
t
cscks
ADCK
ADDATA
D97IN536
65 427310HIGH IMPEDANCE
CONVSTART
HIGH IMPEDANCE
t
csckh
t
ckout
50%50%
90%90%
LONGPULSE or
SHORTPULSE
POWER OUTPUT
D97IN526Bt
pdr
t
pd (*)
(*) tpd does not include the falling edge time because this is strictly dependent on the RC load.
* THE CORRESPONDING DATA BIT IS SET
** THE CORRESPONDING DATA BIT IS RESET
D97IN531C
t
pl
t
lp
Figure 13. Mode Selelector
Figure 14. Sequence of Shift Register Data Loading
18/22
L6452Print Head Temperature Control Part
t
c
t
g
LATCHDATA
SDCK
SDI
D97IN532A
t
a
t
b
t
d
t
e
t
f
Figure 15. Latch Timing
19/22
Package informationL6452
PQFP100
DIM.
mminch
MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX.
A3.400.134
A10.250.010
A22.55 2.803.05 0.100 0.110 0.120
B0.220.38 0.00870.015
C0.130.23 0.0050.009
D22.95 23.20 23.45 0.903 0.913 0.923
D119.90 20.00 20.10 0.783 0.787 0.791
D318.850.742
e0.650.026
E16.95 17.20 17.45 0.667 0.677 0.687
E113.90 14.00 14.10 0.547 0.551 0.555
E312.350.486
L0.650.800.95 0.026 0.031 0.037
L11.600.063
K
0°
(min.), 7°(max.)
OUTLINE AND
MECHANICAL DATA
5 Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages.
These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second Level
Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC
Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on
the inner box label.
ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.
Figure 16. PQFP100 Mechanical Data & Package Dimensions
20/22
L6452Revision history
6 Revision history
DateRevisionChanges
15-Mar-19991Initial release.
Modified Electrical Specification and any Time Diagrams.
Modified pin and signal names through out the spec.
06-Feb-20062
Modified Ta ble 1 Pin function pins 83, 84 & 86.
Added ESD parameter in the Ta ble 2 Absolute maximum ratings.
, T
Modified Ta ble 3 : T
Modified Figure 14.
set
hold
and R
parameters.
pon
21/22
L6452
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