Sony HVL-F45RM User Manual

4-694-604-11(1)

Flash

Operating Instructions

Mode d’emploi

Update the software of your camera to the latest version before use.

Refer to the dedicated support site for information on camera compatibility.

Mettez à jour le logiciel de votre appareil photo avant utilisation.

Pour toute information sur la compatibilité de votre appareil, consultez le site d’assistance dédié.

http://www.sony.net/flash/f45rm/

HVL-F45RM

English

Before operating the product, please read this manual thoroughly and retain it for future reference.

WARNING

To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock,

1) do not expose the unit to rain or moisture.

2) do not place objects filled with liquids, such as vases, on the apparatus.

Do not expose the batteries to excessive heat such as sunshine, fire or the like.

Do not touch the flashtube during operation, it may become hot when the flash fires.

CAUTION

Replace the battery with the specified type only. Otherwise, burst, fire or injury may result.

Notice

If static electricity or electromagnetism causes data transfer to discontinue midway (fail), restart the application or disconnect and connect the communication cable (USB, etc.) again.

This product has been tested and found compliant with the limits set out in the EMC regulation for using connection cables shorter than 3 meters (9.8 feet).

This equipment complies with FCC/IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment and meets the FCC radio frequency (RF) Exposure Guidelines and RSS-102 of the IC radio frequency (RF) Exposure rules. This equipment has very low levels of RF energy that are deemed to comply without testing of specific absorption ratio (SAR).

Dispose of used batteries according to the instructions.

For Customers in the U.S.A.

If you have any questions about this product, you may call:

Sony Customer Information Center

1-800-222-SONY (7669). The number below is for the FCC related matters only.

Regulatory Information

Declaration of Conformity

Trade Name: SONY Model No.: HVL-F45RM Responsible Party: Sony Electronics Inc. Address: 16535 Via Esprillo, San Diego,

CA 92127 U.S.A. Telephone No.: 858-942-2230

This device complies with Part15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

This equipment must not be co-located or operated in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

CAUTION

You are cautioned that any changes or modifications not expressly approved in this manual could void your authority to operate this equipment.

Note:

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

For Customers in Canada

This device complies with Industry Canada’s licenceexempt RSSs. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: () This device may not cause

interference; and

() This device must accept

any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.

For Customers in Europe

Manufacturer: Sony Corporation, 1-7-1 Konan Minato-ku Tokyo, 108-0075 Japan For EU product compliance: Sony Belgium, bijkantoor van Sony Europe Limited, Da Vincilaan 7-D1, 1935 Zaventem, Belgium

Hereby, Sony Corporation, declares that this equipment is in compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/ EC. For details, please access the following URL: http://www.compliance.sony.de/

Disposal of Old Electrical & Electronic

Equipment (Applicable in the European Union and other European countries with separate collection systems)

This symbol on the product or on its packaging indicates that this product shall not be treated as household waste. Instead it shall be handed over to the applicable collection point for the recycling of electrical and electronic equipment. By ensuring this product is disposed of correctly, you will help prevent potential negative consequences for the environment and human health, which could otherwise be caused by inappropriate waste handling of this product. The recycling of materials will help to conserve natural resources. For more detailed information about recycling of this product, please

contact your local Civic Office, your household waste disposal service or the shop where you purchased the product.

For Customers in Singapore

For Customers in Malaysia

Table of Contents

Before use ...................................................................................7

Identifying parts ........................................................................ 9

Preparations ........................................................................... 13

Inserting batteries .................................................................... 13

Attaching/removing the flash unit to/from the camera ......... 14

Turning on the power of the flash unit .................................... 15

Pairing with a radio wireless commander/receiver

(for radio wireless flash photography) ..................................... 17

Settings .................................................................................... 20

Quick Navi settings .................................................................. 20

MENU settings ..........................................................................22

Photographing......................................................................24

Photographing ..........................................................................24

Manual flash photography (MANUAL) .....................................26

High-speed sync photography (HSS) .......................................27

Multiple flash photography (MULTI) .........................................28

Wireless flash photography

(with radio or optical communications) ................................... 31

Wireless flash photography

(with radio wireless communications) .....................................33

Wireless flash photography

(with optical wireless communications)...................................38

Illuminating for video shooting (LED light) ..............................42

Firing a test-flash ..................................................................... 43

Selecting the flash coverage (zoom) ....................................... 44

Bounce flash photography .......................................................47

About the AF illuminator ......................................................... 49

Assigning the custom keys ..................................................... 50

Registering/recalling the memory settings .............................51

Others ........................................................................................52

Notes on use .............................................................................52

Specifications ........................................................................... 54

Before use

This flash unit can be used in combination with Sony Interchangeable Lens Digital Cameras, Sony Interchangeable Lens Digital HD Video Camera Recorders, and Sony Digital Still Cameras that have a conventional Multi Interface Shoe. Some functions may not work depending on the model of your camera or video camera recorder. For details on compatible camera models of this flash unit, visit the Sony website in your area, or consult your Sony dealer or local authorized Sony service facility. See the operating instructions of this unit and refer to the operating instructions of your camera.

Keep the flashtube clean. The soiled flashtube surface may cause heat buildup, resulting in smoke or scorches. To clean the flashtube, wipe it with a soft cloth, etc. This flash unit is designed with ingress protection in mind, but not tested and found waterproof. Do not use the unit in the rainy weather.

Notes on continuous flashes

The flash unit continues to fire during continuous photographing, multi flash photography, and modeling flashing. Continuous flashes, as well as reflections of the continuous flashes from walls, may trigger some symptoms such as the seizures in case a person with photosensitivity sees the flashes. In such a case, immediately stop using the flash unit.

Do not place this flash unit in the following locations

Regardless of whether this flash unit is in use or in storage, do not place it in any of the following locations. Doing so may lead to a malfunction.

• Placing this flash unit in locations subject to direct sunlight such as on dashboards or near a heater may cause this unit to deform or malfunction.

• Locations with excessive vibration

• Locations with strong electromagnetism

• Locations with excessive sand

In locations such as the seashore and other sandy areas or where dust clouds occur, protect the unit from sand and dust. This may lead to a malfunction.

Communication distance

The radio wireless communication distance available between this flash unit and the camera is approximately 30 m (98.4 ft.). (Acquired under our measurement conditions.)

• The distance given above applies under conditions where there are no obstacles, shielding, or radio wave interferences.

• The communication distance may be shorter depending on the positioning of the products, the ambient environment, and weather conditions.

Update the software of your camera to the latest version before use. Refer to the dedicated support site for information on camera compatibility.

http://www.sony.net/flash/f45rm/

Identifying parts

 Built-in wide panel (44)  Flashtube  LED light unit (42) /AF illuminator (49)  Wireless control signal receiver

(for optical wireless communications)











 Multi Interface foot (14)  Multi/Micro USB

Terminal

 Bounce sheet (48)









 Bounce indicator (upper/lower angle) (47)  LINK lamp (35)  LCD panel (11)  Control panel (10)  Lock lever (14)

The number in the parentheses indicates the page number where you can find the description.





 Release button (14)  Battery chamber door

(13)

 Mini-stand (32)

* Tripod attachment hole

Operation console

 Fn button (20)  TEST button (43)  Control wheel

Use the wheel to move the focus or change the setting item value on the Quick Navi screen or the MENU settings screen.

 Direction buttons

The number in the parentheses indicates the page number where you can find the description.

 Power switch (15)

Selecting “LOCK” disables the control wheel and the buttons on the flash unit and you can prevent unintentional operations.

 MENU button (22)  Center button

About the LCD backlight

The LCD backlight turns on and stays lit for about 8 seconds every time you press one of the buttons or use the control wheel on the flash unit.

• While the LCD backlight is lit, you can press one of the buttons or use the control wheel on the unit to keep it lit longer.

• To turn off the LCD backlight, press the MENU button and select [BACKLIGHT], and then [OFF].

On-screen indicators



The following screen images are given as examples and may look different from what you actually see on the LCD panel.

TTL flash mode



MANUAL flash mode

MULTI flash mode

 Flash mode  High-speed sync  Memory Recall  Flash coverage (zoom)  Bounce flash  Ready to fire  Flash distribution setting  Attached to camera  Flash range  Power level  Frequency in multiple flash  Repetition in multiple flash



 Wireless channel  Wireless mode  Lighting ratio control setting  Flash compensation  Lighting ratio  Receiver remote setting  Wireless group setting  Flash distribution setting/



Commander/Control unit flash setting

 Low-battery indicator  Overheat indicator

 



Wireless commander mode



(radio control)

  

Wireless receiver mode (radio control)

  

Wireless controller mode (optical wireless communications)

  

Wireless remote mode (optical wireless communications)

 Flash mode  High-speed sync  Memory Recall  Flash coverage (zoom)



 Bounce flash  Ready to fire  Flash distribution setting



 Attached to camera  Flash range  Power level  Frequency in multiple flash  Repetition in multiple flash



 Wireless channel  Wireless mode



 Lighting ratio control setting



 Flash compensation  Lighting ratio  Receiver remote setting  Wireless group setting  Flash distribution setting/



Commander/Control unit flash setting



 Low-battery indicator



 Overheat indicator











Inserting batteries

The flash unit can accommodate either set of the following:

• Four AA-size alkaline batteries

• Four AA-size rechargeable nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries

Before you use the rechargeable nickel-metal hydride batteries, be sure to fully charge the batteries with the specified battery charger. No batteries are supplied with the flash unit.

1 Push and slide the battery chamber door in the

direction of the arrow shown below.



2 Insert the batteries into the battery chamber as

illustrated ( (

indicate the direction of the batteries.)

3 Close the battery chamber door.

Slide the door in the reverse direction of the arrow in step 1.

Attaching/removing the flash unit to/from the camera

To attach the flash unit to the camera

1 Turn off the power of

the flash unit.

If your camera is equipped with a built-in flash, make sure that the camera flash is not released.

2 Remove the terminal

protection cap from the Multi Interface foot on the flash unit; and the shoe cap from the Multi Interface shoe on the camera.

3 Press and hold the

release button and rotate the lock lever away from “LOCK.”

4 Insert the Multi

Interface foot of the flash unit into the Multi Interface shoe on the camera and push in the foot all the way.

5 Rotate the lock lever

toward “LOCK” to secure the flash unit on the camera.

To remove the flash unit from the camera

Turn off the power of the flash unit first. Press and hold the release button, rotate the lock lever away from “LOCK,” and then slide the unit out of the Multi Interface shoe.

Notes

When you do not intend to use the flash unit, be sure to attach the terminal protection cap back to the Multi Interface foot.

Turning on the power of the flash unit

Turn on the power switch.

When the flash unit is powered, on-screen indicators are displayed on the LCD panel.

Power-saving mode

• If the flash unit is left unused for 3 minutes while it is used alone or connected to the camera in a power-saving state, the LCD panel will automatically turn off to conserve the battery power.

• During wireless flash photography with the flash unit used as an off-camera flash (page 31), the flash unit goes into power-saving mode in 60 minutes.

• Turning off the power switch on the connected camera* automatically places the flash unit in power-saving mode. * Except for DSLR-A100

• You can press the MENU button and select [POWER SAVE] to specify the powersaving timer, or select [WL POWER SAVE] to specify the power-saving timer for wireless flash photography.

Checking the remaining battery power

When the batteries are running out of power, the low-battery indicator is displayed on the LCD panel as a warning.

When is blinking: It is recommended that you replace the batteries. The flash unit, however, is still capable of firing in this state.

When nothing but LCD panel: The flash unit is not capable of firing. Replace the batteries.

is on the

Notes on continuous flashes

If you use the flash unit continuously for a short period of time, its built-in safety circuit may be triggered to reduce the flash counts by increasing the flash frequency. Also, if the temperature inside the flash unit rises further, (overheat indicator) will light on the LCD panel to indicate that flash firing is disabled for a while. In such a case, turn off the power switch on the flash unit and leave the unit unused for about 10 minutes to allow it to cool down. Continuous flashes heat up the batteries inside the flash unit. Take extra care if you need to remove the batteries.

Pairing with a radio wireless commander/receiver (for radio wireless flash photography)

To perform radio wireless flash photography with this flash unit, you need another flash unit that supports radio wireless communications or a radio wireless commander/receiver (not supplied) in addition to this flash unit and must pair them both together. This section describes how to pair two HVL-F45RM (this flash unit) units. For pairing the flash unit with a radio wireless commander/ receiver (not supplied), refer to the operating instructions supplied with the device.

Tips

• You need to bring both devices within 1 m from each other for pairing.

• You can pair the flash unit with up to 15 radio wireless devices.

1 Turn on the power of

this flash unit and the other device.

2 Press the WL button

(

) to display the

screen for setting the wireless mode, and then specify one flash unit as the commander unit and the other as the receiver unit.

• To specify a flash unit as the commander unit, select [CMD].



• To specify a flash unit as the receiver unit, select [RCV].

Notes

• The above instructions are given based on the assumption that this flash unit uses default radio wireless communications. This flash unit is capable of using 2 types of wireless communications for wireless flash photography: radio and optical wireless communications. For setting the unit to use optical wireless communications, see page 31.

• You can press the MENU button and select [PAIRED DEVICE] to see the flash unit(s) paired as the receiver unit(s) or delete the paired receiver unit(s).

• When you have changed the setting of the commander unit and specified it as a receiver unit, or vice versa, be sure to reestablish paring among the units.

3 On this flash unit

and the other flash unit, press the MENU button () and select [PAIRING].



• On the commander unit, the following screen is displayed.

• On the receiver unit, the following screen is displayed.

4 Select [OK] to

establish pairing.

• On the commander unit, the following screen is displayed.

Pairing is established. On the commander unit, you can continue pairing with other receiver units. Every time pairing is established with a receiver unit, the number of paired devices () increases.

• On the receiver unit, the following screen is displayed.

Pairing is established. When pairing is established, the LINK lamp turns from red to green in color.

To establish a pairing with 2 or more devices

Set each device to be paired with this flash unit as the receiver unit and repeat steps 3 and 4. When you are finished with



pairing with all receiver units, select [EXIT] on the commander unit, and then [OK] on the following screen.

Quick Navi settings

You can press the Fn button on the flash unit to change the settings for photography, such as the selected flash mode, in accordance with the on-screen indications. Select the setting item of choice and rotate the control wheel to change the setting option.

1 Press the Fn button ().



2 Select the setting item

of your choice with the direction buttons.

Pressing the center button following the above operation displays the specific screen for setting the selected item.

3 Rotate the control

wheel to change the setting option.

4 Press the Fn button.

Setting items Descriptions Setting options

TTL Flash mode setting

Memory Recall OFF(*)/MR1/MR2

Wireless mode setting

HSS High-speed sync setting ON(*)/OFF

1/1 Power level setting 1/1 - 1/128, CMD LINK 5Hz Frequency in multiple flash 1 - 100 10TIMES Repetition in multiple flash 2 - 100, --

RATIO CONTROL: OFF

A B C Power level ratio setting OFF/1(*) - 16 RCV REMOTE: OFF Receiver remote setting ON/OFF(*)

GROUP: A Wireless group setting

* Factory default setting The items and options available for setting vary depending on the flash mode.

Flash coverage (zoom) setting

Flash compensation setting -3.0 - +3.0

CMD flash setting (radio control) CTRL flash setting (optical control)

Lighting ratio setting ON/OFF(*)

TTL(*)/MANUAL/MULTI/ flash off/GROUP

WF OFF(*)/CMD/RCV (radio control) WF OFF(*)/CTRL/RMT (optical control)

AUTO(*)/24-105

ON(*)/OFF

OFF/ A(*)/B/C/D/E (radio control) RMT(*)/RMT2 (optical control)

MENU settings

You can press the MENU button on the flash unit to change the MENU settings. Move the focus to the setting item of your choice with the direction buttons, and then press the center button to select the item.

1 Press the MENU

button ().



2 Move the focus to

the setting item of your choice with the direction buttons, and then press the center button.

3 Change the setting

option with the direction buttons and press the center button.

Groups

Setting items Descriptions Setting options

FLASH DISTRIBUT.

LIGHT MODE LED light ON/OFF setting ON/OFF MEMORY Memory settings MR1/MR2 AF LED LEVEL AF illuminator level setting HIGH(*)/LOW

TEST Test-flash setting

LEVEL STEP Power level setting steps 0.3EV(*)/0.5EV CUSTOM KEY Custom key settings -

/ SELECT

RECEIVER SET Receiver settings -

CH SET Radio controlled wireless CH setting

CH SET

PAIRING Pairing setting PAIRED DEVICE Paired device display WL READY LAMP Wireless flash ready lamp setting ON/OFF(*) BACKLIGHT LCD backlight setting AUTO(*)/ON/OFF m/ft Flash range unit setting m(*)/ft

POWER SAVE Power-saving timer setting

WL POWER SAVE

VERSION

RESET Reset setting for Quick Navi screen -

INITIALIZE

* Factory default setting

Flash distribution setting

Wireless control type setting

Optical controlled wireless CH setting

Wireless flash power-saving timer setting

Version display for this product's / RCV software

Restoring the default settings at shipment

STD(*)/CENTER/ EVEN

GROUP/1TIME (*)/ 3TIMES/4SEC

AUTO(*)/CH1CH14

CH1(*)-CH4

30SEC/3MIN(*)/ 30MIN/OFF

60MIN(*)/ 240MIN/OFF

(*)/

Photographing

Selecting the flash mode

You can press the MODE button



) and rotate the control wheel

( to select the flash mode of the flash unit.



• TTL* flash mode The flash unit measures the amount of light coming through the lens and automatically adjusts the flash power level. * TTL stands for Through The

Lens.

• MANUAL flash mode (page 26) You need to manually adjust the flash power level for keeping it consistent.

• MULTI flash mode (page 28) You can specify the number of repetition in multiple flash and the frequency in multiple flash.

• Group flash mode (page 36) You can select this flash mode for radio wireless flash photography.

Flash off mode

•

Flash firing is disabled.

TTL flash photography

1 Select the flash mode.

Select TTL flash mode.

2 Press the shutter

button to take a photo.

Make sure that the flash unit is ready to fire before you press the shutter button. The orange-lit TEST button indicates that the flash unit is ready to fire.

• Take photos within the indicated flash range. This flash unit is capable of indicating distances within the range from 0.7 m to 28 m. If the distance is beyond this range,

next to the flash range

indicator will light.

• You can press the +/button to change the flash compensation (adjust the flash power level) on the screen for setting the flash compensation.

• To use fill-flash or autoflash mode of the camera, you need to select the mode on the camera.

• Before photographing with the flash unit using the self-timer of the camera, make sure that the TEST button is lit.

• If flash compensation is made both on the flash unit and the camera, both compensation values are added up for flash firing. On the LCD panel of the flash unit, however, only the compensation value specified on the unit is displayed.

Auto WB adjustment with color temperature information

White balance is automatically adjusted on the camera (except for DSLR-A100) based on the color temperature information at the time of flash firing.

• This function works when the flash unit is attached to the camera and placed in TTL flash mode.

• This function works when [Auto] or [Flash] is specified for the white balance on the camera.

TTL*-flash mode

Manual-flash mode provides a fixed flash power irrespective of the brightness of the subject and the camera setting. TTL-flash mode measures the light from the subject that is reflected through the lens. TTL metering also has a P-TTL metering function, which adds a pre-flash to TTL metering, and an ADI metering function, which adds distance data to the P-TTL metering. * TTL stands for Through The

Lens.

• ADI metering is possible in combination with a lens with a built-in distance encoder. Before using the ADI metering function, check whether your lens has a built-in distance encoder by referring to the specifications in the operating instructions supplied with your lens.

Manual flash photography (MANUAL)

Manual flash mode keeps the flash power level consistent regardless of the brightness of the subject or the settings of the camera.

1 Select M (Manual)

shooting mode on the camera.

2 Press the MODE button



(

) to display the screen for setting the flash mode, and then select [MANUAL].



3 Press the +/- button

and specify the flash power level of your choice on the screen for setting the power level.

• You can specify the flash power level in the range from 1/1 (brightest) to 1/128 (darkest).

• Increasing the flash power by one level (e.g. 1/1



1/2) is equivalent to increasing the aperture by one level (e.g. F4



5.6).

4 Press the shutter

button to take a photo.

Tips

• You can press the shutter button halfway down to display the distance for the proper exposure on the LCD panel.

• You can press the MENU button and select [LEVEL STEP] to change the power level setting step ([0.3EV] or [0.5EV]).

High-speed sync photography (HSS)

High-speed sync photography Normal flash photography

High-speed sync photography eliminates the flash sync speed restrictions and enables the flash unit to be used through the entire shutter speed range of the camera. An increase in the selectable aperture range allows flash photography with a wide aperture, leaving the background out of focus and accentuating the front subject. When photographing a scene, where the background is very bright and the photograph is likely to be over-exposed, at a wide f-stop in A or M shooting mode of the camera, you can still adjust the exposure to the proper level by using the high-speed shutter.

To turn off the HSS function, follow the instructions for Quick Navi settings (page 20) and change the setting option for [HSS] to [OFF].

Flash sync speed

Flash photography is generally associated with the maximum shutter speed referred to as the flash sync speed. This restriction does not apply to cameras designed for high-speed sync (HSS) photography, since they allow flash photography at the maximum shutter speed of the camera.

Notes

If you set the shutter speed of the camera faster than 1/4000 and take a photo, bright and dark streaks may appear on the photo. It is recommended that you set the flash power level to at least MANUAL 1/2 for photography.

Multiple flash photography (MULTI)

This flash unit is capable of firing multiple times while the camera shutter is open (multiple flash photography). Multiple flash photography allows you to capture a series of movements of the subject in a single photo. For multiple flash photography, you need to place the camera in M shooting mode. Otherwise, you may not obtain the proper exposure.

1 Press the MODE button



(

) to display the screen for setting the flash mode, and then select [MULTI].



2 Press the Fn button,

select the following items with the direction buttons, and specify the setting option with the control wheel.



[Hz]: Frequency in

multiple flash



[TIMES]: Repetition in

multiple flash



[LEVEL]: Power level setting

  

• Setting options



[Hz]: 1 Hz - 100 Hz



[TIMES]: 2 - 100, --



[LEVEL]: 1/8 - 1/128 When [TIMES] is set to [--], the flash unit continuously fires as many times as possible with the specified frequency in multiple flash.

3 Set the shutter speed

and the aperture on the camera.

The shutter speed should be at least equal to the number specified for repetition in multiple flash (TIMES) divided by the specified frequency in multiple flash (Hz). For example, if the number for repetition in multiple flash is specified to “10” and the frequency in multiple flash to “5 Hz”, set the shutter speed of the camera to at least 2 seconds.

4 Make sure that the flash

unit is ready to fire, and then press the shutter button to take a photo.

To avoid blurring of images due to hand movement, it is recommended that you use a tripod for multiple flash photography.

Maximum number for repetition in multiple flash

Due to the limited battery capacity, the maximum numbers that you can specify for repetition in multiple flash are shown in the following tables as guidelines.

When using the alkaline batteries

Power levels

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

1/8

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 8 9 10

1/16

8 8 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 15 15 20 20 30 45 65

1/32

15 15 15 15 17 17 18 18 20 40 50 65 80

1/64

30 30 32 32 35 37 40 45 75

1/128

60 60 65 65 70

Flash frequencies (Hz)

100* 100*

100* 100* 100*

100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100*

100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100*

100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100*

“100*” indicates 100 or greater.

When using the nickel-hydride batteries (2100 mAh)

Power levels

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

1/8

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 10 10 25

1/16

8 8 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 15 20 30 60 75

1/32

17 17 18 18 18 19 20 20 40 80

1/64

32 33 35 36 40 45 55 95

1/128

63 65 70

Notes

The maximum number that you can specify for repetition in multiple flash varies depending on the type and condition of the batteries.

100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100*

Flash frequencies (Hz)

100* 100* 100*

100* 100* 100* 100* 100*

100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100*

100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100* 100*

“100*” indicates 100 or greater.

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