Sony DVD Rom, DVD Video User Manual

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MANUAL – DVD ROM & DVD VIDEO

Sony DADC

Introduction

The objective of this manual is

to facilitate the correct preparation

of input components for DVD

productions with Sony DADC.

Similar manuals are available for our

other products including CD-Audio,

CD-ROM, MiniDisc and PlayStation Disc.

These manuals can also be downloaded

from our website at www.sonydadc.com.

Keeping in compliance with the

specifications in this manual will avoid

confusion and unnecessary modifications.

Rework may extend production time

causing considerable delays.

Therefore, we kindly ask you to provide

these specifications to the staff in charge

with the preparation work, in particular

external video, sound, graphics and other

premastering studios.

As the final product will depend on

the quality of the input components

supplied, the adherence to the manual

specifications represents an essential

contribution to the total quality of the

product and service that we provide

to you as our customer.

Generally, all Sony DADC prices

and schedules given, are based

on the assumption that the input

components provided by the

customer meet the manual

specifications.

If components do not meet

the outlined specifications, they will

be either returned or improved based

on the customer’s request.

Consequently additional expenses

and charges will apply.

Prices for DVDs and special services

(e.g. carrier, editing, film exposure,

film generation etc.) are provided

in our current price list.

For further information please

+43/(0)6246/880-504

or visit our homepage –

www.sonydvd.biz

www.press-here.net

Introduction

Table of Contents

From CD to DVD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .06

1. General and Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .08

1.1 General and Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .08

1.2 DVD 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .09

1.3 DVD 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .09

1.4 DVD 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

1.5 DVD 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

1.6 Mini DVD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

1.7 ColourDVD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

1.8 SniffleDVD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

2. DVD-Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

2.2 Input media for DVD-Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

2.3 Details on DVD Authoring Possibilites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

2.3.1 Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

2.3.2 Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

2.3.3 Subpictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

2.3.4 Subtitels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

2.3.5 Still Pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

2.3.6 Regional Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

2.3.7 Multibranching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

2.3.8 Parental Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

2.3.9 Multiangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

2.3.10 Aspect Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

2.3.12 Seperate audio masters,

digital multichannel audio program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

2.3.12.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

2.3.12.2 Backgrounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

2.3.12.3 Image Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

2.3.13 Safe Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

2.3.14 Colour Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

2.3.15 Interlacing (Flicker/Jitter) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

2.3.16 File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

2.3.17 Naming Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

2.3.18 Registration and Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

2.3.19 Image Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

2.3.20 Colour Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

2.3.21 User interface and Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

2.3.21.1 Printouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

2.3.21.2 Naviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

2.3.21.3 Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

3. DVD-Rom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

3.1 Data Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

3.2 Formatting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

3.3 Input Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

4. Labelprinting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

4.1 Printing Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

4.2 Printing Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

4.3 Lable Film Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

4.4 Film Specifications for Label Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

4.4.1 Line widths and letter sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

4.4.2 Registration marks for screen printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

4.4.3 Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

4.4.4 Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

4.4.4.1 Duplex/Triplex print (half-tone print)

with Pantone Colours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

4.4.4.2 Four-colour print – Picture Disc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

4.4.4.3 Four-colour print – High Definition Picture Disc . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

4.5 Standard Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

4.5.1 Catalogue number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

4.5.2 DVD logo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

4.5.3 ”Made in EU” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

4.5.4 Side Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

4.5.5 Company address, label address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

4.5 Colours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

4.7 Lable Film Data via Electronic Storage Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

4.8 Lable Film Data via Electronic Data Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

4.9 Production of Lable Film . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

4.10 Disc Serialisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

5. Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

5.1 Printing Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

5.2 Physical Films . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

5.3 Digital Films . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

5.3.1 Data Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

5.3.2 Customer Input Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

5.3.3 FTP Software Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

5.3.4 ISDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

5.3.5 Regular Post . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

5.4 Important Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

5.4.1 Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

5.4.2 Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

5.4.3 Fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

5.4.4 Images/Illustrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

5.4.5 Colours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

5.4.6 Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

5.4.7 Overview of the most common problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

5.4.8 Tipp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

5.5 Packaching Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Digipak Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Stickers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Packaging of supplied printwork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

6. Order Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

WHAT’S NEW

From CD to DVD

DVD Types and Formats

A DVD consists of two halves, where each half disc

is 0.6 mm thick, holding one or two layers of informa-

tion. The DVD format provides multiple configurations

of data layers. Each layer provides additional data

capacity.

DVD, which stands for Digital Versatile

Disc, is the next generation of optical disc

storage technology. It is essentially an

optical disc that can hold video as well as

audio and computer data. This new

optical disc can reach a capacity of up to

24 times the capacity of a CD-ROM and

encompasses pre-recorded read only

discs like DVD-Video, DVD-ROM,

DVD-Audio, SACD as well as recordable

formats like DVD-R, DVD-RAM,

DVD+RW and DVD-R/W.

For movie applications, a DVD can

store full length movies in a high-quality

digital video with surround sound in

several languages and a wide range of

interactivity as well as subtitles. All DVD

players and DVD-ROM drives are

equipped with an additional laser diode or

a special lens for playback capability of

existing Audio CDs and CD-ROMs.

Format and

Specifications

The DVD standard defines a disc

that maintains the overall dimensions

of the current Compact Disc.

Therefore the backwards compatibility

with existing Audio CDs and CD-ROMs

was easier to realize. The table on the

right demonstrates similarities and

differences of CDand DVD.

Disc Type Capacity 12 cm

DVD-5 single sided, single layer 4.7 GB

DVD-9 single sided, dual layer 8.5 GB

DVD-10 double sided, single layer 9.4 GB

DVD-18 double sided, dual layer 17.1 GB

Mini DVD DVD

Disc diameter 80 mm 120 mm

Disc thickness 1.2 mm 1.2 mm

Disc structure two bonded two bonded

0.6 mm substrates 0.6 mm substrates

Laser wavelength 650/635 nm 650/635 nm

Numerical aperture 0.6 0.6

Track pitch 0.74 µm 0.74 µm

Shortest pit/land 0.4 µm 0.4 µm lenght

Data layers up to 2 up to 4

Data capacity 1.46 GB–2.66 GB 4.7GB–17.1 GB

General

Statistical process controls and in-line

inspection systems form a key part of our

production process. Full 100% checks by

means of automatic test systems of label

print and read-out sides are imple-

mented with the strictest error criteria.

A team of highly qualified staff as well as

auxiliary means such as optoelectronic

test devices, an electron microscope with

X-ray spectroscopy, an atomic force

microscope and climatic chambers are

available for permanent process control

and improvement, systematic error

analysis and also for maintaining the

durability of our products.

The processes and procedures are

certified according to ISO-9002.

Sony DADC has qualified for this

certification after successfully

proving a 6-sigma quality.

We will be pleased to assist you in finding

the solution for your technical problems.

If you are interested in an electronic link

for transmitting your master data and

other components to Sony DADC,

we can offer our know-how and our

expertise and will reserve storage

capacity for your data on our servers.

If you need further services, please inform

our Customer Service department so that

we can assist you in the realisation

of your project.

Our services comprise the following:

• Personal assistance by a member of our Customer Service staff

• Authoring of DVD Video/Audio within Sony Group (by Sony DVD Center Europe)

• Premastering / formatting of DVD-ROM

• Premastering / formatting of all common DVD formats

• On-line data transfer via 2Mbit ISDN

• Disc prototyping on DVD-R

• Mastering of all DVD formats

• DVD 5 / 9 / 10 disc production in shortest turnaround times

• Offset label printing on discs

• Support in artwork creation

• Disc serialisation

• Packaging / dispatching

• Drop shipment

Services

1. General and Technology

1.1 General and Technology

The Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) is the logical successor of the Compact Disc (CD). Moreover, due to the high data storage capacity this disc has also become the data medium for the film-industry. It has been developed throughout the nineties, but is only now coming into prominence. In spite of the DVD having a much higher data storage capacity (between 7 and 24 times) than the CD, both look the same. The main difference between DVD and CD consists of the shorter wavelength of the laser light, which reads the information.

The picture above clearly shows the difference in the structure of CDs (left) and DVDs (right). (Pictures were taken by microscope)

Based on the well proven experience in the world of CD Production, Sony DADC Austria AG has played a very important role in the field of the development for the right process of DVD-production. Because of the fine structure the DVD is able to store huge amount of data, much more than CDs. Moreover, the DVD can also be produced with up to four layers (shown on the following pictures). There are four main sizes of DVDs:

• DVD 5 (4,7 GigaByte)

• DVD 9 (8,5 GigaByte)

• DVD 10 (9,4 GigaByte)

• DVD 18 (17,1 GigaByte)

From the production point of view there is a big difference between CD and DVD due to the multi-layer technology. DVDs consist of two polycarbonate discs (each 0,6 mm thick), which are bonded together. This adhering process is one of the critical production steps since the laser has to ”read through” the adhesive. Sony DADC Austria AG have developed their own process throughout years of trial and step-by-step improvement to its final high reliable and very fast production route.

The DVD 5 is big enough to accommodate 130 min of movie with one audio stream. To add special features like interviews of actors, special scenes such as ”The Making Of” or more than one audio stream, it is recommended to use a DVD 9. The DVD 9 is big enough to store one film of about 130 min playtime with up to eight languages and an additional 35 mm approximately of bonus material. Alternatively, one film with one language, but a playtime of about 5 hours can be stored. However if you have generated your content Sony DADC Austria AG will be happy to find the right DVD for you.

For capacities smaller than 4,7 GigaByte or some special promotion Sony DADC Austria AG is pleased to offer the MiniDVD, which is a DVD with a diameter of 8 cm. The MiniDVD can accommodate up to 1,46 GigaByte on a single layer or up to 2,66 GigaByte using the dual layer technology.

1.2 mm

0.6 mm

substrate

movable Iens

single side single layer

1.2 mm

0.6 mm

substrate

movable Iens

single side dual layer

semi reflective layer

reflective layer

1.2 mm

0.6 mm

substrate

movable Iens

1.2 mm

0.6 mm

substrate

movable Iens

semi reflective layers

double side single layer

double side dual layer

reflective layers

DVD 5

DVD 9

DVD 10

DVD 18

1. General

However, the two most commonly used DVDs are the DVD 5 and DVD 9. These single sided discs bring a maximum of comfort to the home-cineast combined with high data storage capatility.

Since DVD10 and DVD 18 are read from both sides, there is the disadvantage of having to turn these DVDs in most of the players. Additionally, there must not be large prints on the top or bottom side (due to legibility). Only small printing areas are allowed (please find detailed information in chapter 4 of this manual).

1.2 DVD 5

The DVD 5 is a ”Single Layer Single Side” Digital Versatile Disk (DVD), with a storage capability of 4,7 GigaByte. This capacity is sufficient to record a 130 minute long movie with one audio stream.

The picture below shows the principal structure of a DVD 5. As it can be seen, there is just one layer, which is read from one side.

The DVD 5 is to be named ”The entrance of the World of DVD”. Its capacity is clearly higher (approximately seven times) than that of a Compact Disc (CD) but still far behind in the real DVD-possibilities (accomodating up to seventeen GigaByte.

Yet this DVD 5 – Video is the right product for ”classic” titles without features, like different languages, scenes of ”The Making Of”, actor interviews, various camera positions or interactive movies.

In the field of movie business, the purpose of DVD 5 is more or less to substitute VHS – formats and to increase the comfort of watching movies at home, combined with high durability. From the production’s point of view, there are several procedures necessary. Firstly, the so-called ”glass master” has to be produced. After a special developer (photo-lacquer) has been applied onto a glass-plate, the microstructure for the DVD has to be burned by a special laser writer. Subsequently this glass master is coated by nickel to get a nickel foil with the microstructure. The removed nickel-layer (called father) could already be used as a stamper in the replication machines. But for trough-put reasons, copies (stamper) have to be made with the help of a negative-print of the father (which is called mother). Afterwards these few stampers are used in die-casting machines to produce 0,6 mm thick polycarbonate discs, which have the final structure of the DVD. To be readable by a laser light, these polycarbonate discs have to be coated by reflective layers. Consequently aluminum is sputtered onto the polycarbonate substrate containing the right information. Within the next production step two discs are bonded together to get the final thickness of 1,2 mm. But because of the one layer data structure of the DVD 5, only the bottom disc contains information. The top disc is just a plain disc with no information.

Finally there is one disc with one readable layer and a thickness of 1,2 mm with a data-volume of max.

4.7 GigaByte.

1.3 DVD 9

The DVD 9 is a ”Dual Layer Single Side” Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), with a storage capability of 8,5 GigaByte. In fact, both layers are read from one side. Due to the ”Through-Reading-Process” the data-structure of the second layer is a little bigger, which causes less capacity than on the first layer. Therefore the total ability is given with 8,5 GigaByte and not twice the capacity of a DVD 5 (which is 4,7 GigaByte x2 and would be equal to 9,5 GigaByte).

0.6 mm

1st side

0.6 mm

1st layer

2nd layer

DVD 9 • 8,5 GigaByte • Single Side/Dual Layer

DVD 5 • 4,7 GigaByte • Single Side/Single Layer

Single Side DVDs Single Layer Dual Layer Data Capacity

DVD 4.7 GB 8.54 GB

MiniDVD 1.46 GB 2.66 GB

Wavelength of laser diode 650 nm same Minimum pit length 0.5 µm 0.44 µm Track pitch 0.75 µm same Disc thickness 2x 0.6 mm same Disc center hole 15.0 mm same Reflectivity 45-85% 18-30% Reference scanning velocity 3.49 m/sec 3.84 m/sec Maximum user bit rate 11.08 Mbps same

1. General and Technology

This is acceptable due to the fact that the data is not stored within one constant stream, but in sectors and segments.

From the production’s point of view, the DVD 9 production route is quite similar to the DVD 5 production route. The differences are that one disc is sputtered with silicon instead of aluminum and that the second disc has a data-structure as well as being sputtered with aluminum. Afterwards these two ”half”-discs are adhered to each other. The highly sophisticated adhering process itself is critical, since the laser beam has to read through the first layer. However, Sony DADC Austria AG is pleased to guarantee the highest quality of DVD 9 by using proven technology and best practice to avoid production defects. Since Sony DADC Austria AG is one of the first replication centers in Europe, they employ highly trained workmanship. Processes are often tested to assure the best quality within the shortest delivery times.

DVD 9 has become the standard for DVD-Video applications, which is more than just a VHS substitute.

1.4 DVD 10

The DVD 10 is a ”Single Layer Dual Side” Digital Versatile Disk (DVD), with a storage capability of 9,4 GigaByte. This capacity corresponds to twice the data-volume on a DVD 5. A disadvantage of the DVD 10 is that it is read from both sides.

The picture above shows the principal structure of a DVD 10. As it can be seen, there is just one full reflective layer per side, which is read from each side. Due to the fact that only few players in the market have the capability to read from both sides, it is very inconvenient for users to turn the DVD over while the movie or programm is running. Additionaly, it is also not possible to use any side of the DVD for large prints either, since the laser reads from both sides (for further information please see chapter 4 of this document).

However, this capability is sufficient to record a 130 min long movie with more languages using ”Dolby‚ Surround System” plus special features like different camera positions, ”The Making Of” scenes, interviews and other fascinating benefits with a length of about 35 minutes. If only just one audio stream is applied, about 5 hours movie playtime could be accomodated on the DVD 9. Nevertheless, if you have not decided which DVD fits your demands, Sony DADC Austria AG is very happy to choose the right size for you. The choice will be based on the data you are submitting.

As it is clearly drawn on the picture below, the DVD 9 is employing the dual layer technology. The first reflection layer is a semi reflection layer made of Silicon (~20% of the light is reflected), whereas Aluminum is used for the second and fully reflective layer.

The player self-focuses the right layer automatically, which cannot be realized by the home-cineast or computer-freak. From the consumer’s point of view, it is hard to tell if a DVD 9 or a DVD 5 is employed because they look very similar. The DVD 9 (dual-layer-DVD) can be read by every DVD-Player and is state of the art technology. From the technology’s point of view, two different reading processes can be employed. Sony DADC Austria AG uses the Dual Layer Opposite Track Path (OTP) for DVD-Video to ensure a smooth running movie.

TheDVD-ROM could differ from the DVD-VIDEO by using the Dual Layer Parallel Track Path (PTP).

Lead-out Area

Lead-in Area

Middle Area

Data Area

Layer 1

Layer 0

Dual Layer Opposite Track Path (OTP)

Lead-out Area

Lead-in Area

Data Area

Layer 1

Layer 0

Dual Layer Parallel Track Path (PTP)

0.6 mm

1st side

2nd side

DVD 10 • 9,4 GigaByte • Double Side/Single Layer

Reflection Layer

Protection Layer

Intermediate

Layer

Polycarbonat

Moving Lense

Laser

1. General

Compared to the DVD 9, the additional capacity of the DVD 10 is about 900 MegaByte (just a little more than the capacity of one CD) but the disadvantages may increase, depending on your application.

One reasonable application may have the same content on Side A and on Side B but in different formats, like one in PAL (Phase Alteration Line) and one in NTSC (National Television Systems Committee).

From the production’s point of view, the DVD 10 is very similar to the DVD 5, with the only difference being that both discs do contain data and they are adhered back to back. Both reflective layers are made of aluminum.

1.5 DVD 18

This ”Dual Layer Dual Side” Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) has a maximum data capacity of about 17,1 GigaByte. This is exactly twice the capacity of a DVD 9.

The picture above shows the principal structure of a DVD 18. As it can be seen, there are two layers per side, one semi-reflective and one fully reflective similar to the DVD 9.

In terms of handling, this kind of DVD does have the same disadvantages as the DVD 10. Due to the fact that only a few players in the market have the capability to read from both sides, it is very inconvenient for users to turn the DVD over while the movie or programm is running. In addition to this inconvenience it is also not possible to use any side of the DVD for large prints since the laser reads from both sides (for further information please see chapter 4 of this document). From the production point of view, the DVD 18 is the most complicated disc.

0.6 mm

1st side/1st layer

2nd side/2nd layer

2nd side/1st layer

1st side/2nd layer

DVD 18 • 17 GigaByte • Double Side/Dual Layer

The stampers are made during the same process as the DVD 5. After the polycarbonate discs have been produced in the die-casting machines, the first layer has been built up by the polycarbonate. This layer is sputtered with silicon (like it was with the DVD 9 for the first layer with approximately 20% reflection). Then a special developed liquid UV resin is applied onto the silicon layer. Then another stamper containing the pit pattern (information) for the second layer is pressed onto the applied liquid. After the liquid resin has dried, Aluminum is sputtered onto this information-layer and a special adhesive is applied, which glues two similar fabricated discs together. Finally, there are four layers of information and roughly 17,1 GigaByte of data. Since the DVD 18 has little application, Sony DADC does not offer this niche-product.

1.6 MiniDVD

The MiniDVD is the small DVD for the big ideas. Compared to normal DVDs (diameter of 12 cm), this DVD has a diameter of only 8 cm. There are two different kinds of MiniDVD: The ”Single Layer Single Side” DVD which holds approximately 40 minutes of film (1.46 GigaByte) and the ”Dual Layer Single Side” DVD with approximately 75 minutes of film-material (2.66 GigaByte).

This MiniDVD is the ”little sister” of the conventional DVD. With the main difference being its smaller size, it is much more convenient to send via the post and therefore the ideal ”transport-media” for promotion material such as corporate videos, multimedia presentations, film trailers and more. It has roughly twice the capacity of a CD-Rom but being much lighter and more attractive through the special appearance.

Therefore the MiniDVD is the real product for Promotions and Company Presentations.

From the production point of view, there is not a big difference to the 12 cm DVDs apart from the different diameter.

1. General and Technology

1.7 ColourDVD

The ColourDVD by Sony DADC Austria AG is available in six different colours. The bright red, yellow and violet are real eye catchers, whereas the three discrete colours (orange, pink and gold) are designed for subtle applications. Regardless of the specific colour used, the real thrill of the ColourDVD is the special appearance of the former silver disc. Sony DADC Austria AG is proud to have developed this special look, which brings out different moods. Apart from different emotions, the ColourDVDs are well suited to resemble various themes.

Technically speaking, the secret behind the ColourDVD is coloured polycarbonate. Throughout many trials Sony DADC Austria AG found the right colours with the right tint, which can be used without loosing application-quality.

1.8 SniffleDVD

Since Sony DADC Austria AG has already been producing the SniffleCD, there was no major development step necessary in applying this to the SniffleDVD.

The aroma can be placed on all or parts of the label print of the DVD 5 and DVD 9. Technically speaking, the unique scents are mixed to the colour of the prints and are released by rubbing the label. The duration of the scent of the SniffleDVD lasts for about one year. Sony DADC Austria AG is pleased to be able to offer the five most popular aromas from stock, which are rose, strawberry, green apple, lemon and mint. In addition to these standard scents, a further 95 aromas are available (like chocolate, coffee, vanilla, different fruits, or technical scents, etc).

Moreover, since the perfume is mixed with the labelprint, it is also possible to get your own aroma onto the disc. Of course the perfume has to fulfill certain requirements, such as

• It must not be water soluble

• Minimum 20 ml of perfume oil is needed for capsule-check (which takes about 3 to 4 days within Sony DADC Austria AG).

• For the production a minimum of 1 litre (1 kg) of perfume oil is needed (even if a DVD sample production is ordered), which will be sufficient to produce approximately 30,000 discs if 100% of the DVD-top-surface is covered.

In case you supply your own scent, please keep in mind that, Sony DADC Austria AG needs about 3 to 4 weeks to produce the scent-capsules needed to mix the aroma with the colours. For the standard order turnaround time you can assume that it takes an additional 3 to 4 days (depending on the order size).

DVD Video

2. DVD Video

2.1 General

DVD-Video is a new media for the distribution of home videos. The digital nature of this new media offers several new features to the consumer. Amongst these features are:

• High video quality based on MPEG2 compression and the ability to playback both aspect ratios of 4:3 and 16:9.

• A DVD-Video can hold up to 8 different audio tracks (streams). Each track can be used for a different language. It can also be utilized for high quality stereo audio with a resolution of 16 bit and 48 kHz, or for theatre quality surround audio, like Dolby Digital AC-3 or multichannel 5.1.

• Up to 32 different streams of subtitles can be placed on a DVD-Video, used as language subtitles, as menu highlights or as instructions for interactive functions.

• Digital copy protection via CSS and analogue copy protection via Macrovision.

• Multibranching is another feature of DVD-Video that simply offers the possibility to playback one title with different parts of this title, which can be interactively selected by the viewer. In addition, the multiangle option allows a scene of a movie title to be viewed in different angles.

• Most of the DVD-Video players imply a region code corresponding to one of the six regions in the world where it is sold. This regional coding optionally enables playback of a DVD-Video title in certain regions only.

• DVD-Video discs can be prepared with a ”Parental Lock” in order to restrict the playback only by usage of a correct password.

2.2 Input media

for DVD-Video

Sony DADC prefers a DLT4000 or (DLT7000/DLT8000) format as standard input source. The tape should be recorded in DDP 2.0. If different systems are applied (such as e.g. ”DLT 1” or ”HP V80”), reading problems will occur. If you have no adequate DLT-recorder please send the content on DVD-R (Remark: a DVD-R can only be used if a DVD 5 is replicated; if a DVD 9 is to be pressed, there is no other way than a DLT.)

However, for complete authoring services Sony DVD Center Europe will be happy to assist you further. (please contact us at +43/(0)6246/880-1610 or visit our Web-Page ”www.sonydvdcenter.com”.

2.3 Details on DVD Authoring Possibilities

2.3.1 Video

DVDs can be produced for both PAL and NTSC video standards. The aspect ratio of the source material can either be 4:3 or 16:9. The viewer has the choice of several output options on most players, according to the monitor. For example, in the case of a widescreen source the viewer can select between letterboxed and – if encoded during authoring – pan/scan playback on a 4:3 screen.

2.3.2 Audio

A DVD may contain up to eight different soundtracks, for example a feature film in different languages, each of which can be in one of the following formats:

Any stereo track can be encoded Dolby Pro Logic Surround, to extend the compatibility with existing home entertainment equipment.

Please note that this encoding is not implemented during DVD premastering, but has to be completed during preparation of the mastertape. The sampling frequency on a DVD is 48 kHz.

2.3.3 Subpictures

Subpictures can be keyed into the videosignal and are used for several applications on the disc, for example:

• Linear PCM mono or stereo (equivalent to the CD format)

• DTS (Digital Television Standard)

• MPEG1 mono or stereo

• MPEG2 multichannel

• Dolby Digital AC-3 mono, stereo or multichannel 5.1

• as menu highlights

• as logo

• as instructions for an interactive function

• for language subtitling, display of karaoke lyrics etc.

2. DVD-Video

Please note that there are technical restrictions for seamless playback in the creation of multiple alternatives. For example, the playtime variation of the different alternatives within one block is limited. Due to the complexity of these features, please contact us at +43/(0)6246/880-1610 or visit our Web-Page: ”www.sonydvdcenter.com”

2.3.8 Parental Lock

DVD Video Discs can be coded with a number from 1-5. DVD Players can only playback DVDs with a code number lower than the password protected code set on the player.

2.3.9 Multiangle

Multiangle allows the creation of different viewing alternatives within the same contents of a title. Using this feature the user can select between different camera views ”on the fly”.

2.3.10 Aspect Ratio

The video source material may be either of 4:3 or 16:9 anamorphic aspect ratio. Please define the corresponding parameter on the Mastertape Info.

To maintain the maximum vertical resolution, 16:9 anamorphic is preferred for widescreen sources. However, the aspect ratio must be constant within one title of a DVD, otherwise different titles will have to be created on the disc.

2.3.11 Audio Masters

All audio masters must be recorded with 48kHz sampling rate, Linear PCM according to AES/EBU standard. The use of emphasis is not recommended. For Mono-, Stereo- or encoded Dolby ProLogic programs the audio tracks of the video mastertape should be used. As these mastertapes contain four audio tracks, a maximum of four different versions in mono or two stereo soundtracks can be provided with the videotape. The video and audio parts of the mastertape must be synchronised.

2. DVD-Video

2.3.4 Subtitels

Subtitle companies are usually capable of handling subtitles in almost any language. They usually require a VHS copy of the program master with VITC or LTC time code and preferably with a visual TC at the top of the picture as well as a script of the dialog or lyrics.

2.3.5 Still Pictures

Still pictures can be utilized as a background for menus in full colour and full resolution, or as a still/slide show.

2.3.6 Regional Coding

Most DVD players imply a certain code, which corresponds to one of the six defined regions where they are sold. Such a code, or several codes, can be applied to the discs. However, the number of both the player and the disc must match in order to enable disc playback.

If regional code ”0” is applied, this DVD can be played on every DVD-Player – no matter which regional code is adjusted.

2.3.7 Multibranching

The DVD offers the function of playing alternative blocks with different contents within one title. Using this feature, different versions of a movie can be created.

For example, it would be possible to create a movie which consists of an identical main block and an end block with two alternatives, enabling the user to choose between a happy or perhaps a tearful end. In general, it will be useful to set the changeover of such blocks matching chapter points, if chapter points exist.

2. DVD Video

2.3.12 Separate audio masters, digital multichannel audio programs

For DVDs with digital multichannel sound, a separate audio mastertape is required for each soundtrack. These should be of either Sony PCM-3324 format, Sony PCM-800 format or equivalent and must contain the final mix of the 5.1 channels – front left, front right, left surround, right surround, centre low frequency channel – as discrete tracks. The encoding of these tracks to the specified digital multichannel datastream is carried out during the DVD premastering process.

2.3.12.1 General

Menus are the key to navigation on a DVD disc. They allow the user to locate any chapter point on the disc, change the language for the movie or display subtitles in any of the languages provided.

Basic menu structure:

Sony DCE has all the equipment and skills required to prepare menu screens from scratch or by using references such as existing artwork (e.g. LD or VHS packaging) for graphics, movie captures for animations, 3D modelling, Internet convergence, eCommerce integration and other multimedia applications for DVD. We therefore will readily accept your order to design the menu screens for you.

2.3.12.2 Backgrounds

When designing backgrounds, six major issues need to be addressed. These are Image Size, Safe Area, Colour Depth, Interlacing, File Format and Naming Convention.

2.3.12.3 Image Size

Computer pixels have an aspect ratio of 1:1. However, NTSC pixels are 0.9:1 and PAL pixels are 1.0667:1. This discrepancy causes the menu background to look distorted when exported to D-1 video; NTSC D-1 menus are compressed horizontally and PAL D-1 menus are compressed vertically. The menus should be distorted at design time to counter the effects of TV distortion. For NTSC the menus should be pre-compressed vertically and for PAL, the menus should be pre-compressed horizontically. To accomodate PAL and NTSC requirements and to compensate for these known distortions, the menus for NTSC should be designed at 720x540 pixels and for PAL at 768x576 pixels. For NTSC, resize the image to a height of 480 pixels, keeping the width at 720 and for PAL, resize the image to a width of 720, keeping the height at 576. At this point the menus will look distorted on a computer screen, but this will be compensated for when they are exported to D-1 or DigiBeta.

Mastertape Channel Content

1 Front left 2 Front right 3 Left Surround 4 Right Surround 5 Center 6 Low frequency channel

MAIN MENU

EXTRA

FEATURES

CHAPTER

SUBTITLE

AUDIO MENU

PAL

NTSC

resize horizontally

resize vertically

768 Pixels

720 Pixels

576 Pixels

540 Pixels

480 Pixels

2. DVD-Video

Edge TV Safe Margin Title Safe Margin

PAL Left / Right Each 36 Pixels 72 Pixels

Top / Bottom Each 28 Pixels 57 Pixels

NTSC Left / Right Each 36 Pixels 72 Pixels

Top / Bottom Each 24 Pixels 48 Pixels

For Menus in 16:9 format please contact Sony DVD Center Europe

Margins in Pixels for TV and Title Safe areas:

PAL NTSC

384

PAL / NTSC 75 % colour bar RGB values (Gamma Corrected) :

White Yellow Cyan Green Magenta Red Blue Black

Range

PAL / NTSC

R 0-255

G 0-255 255 / 191 191 0 0 191 191 0 0

B 0-255 255 / 191 191 191 191 0 0 191 0

255 / 191 0 191 191 191 0 0 0

2.3.14 Colour Depth

A 24bit colour palette can be used, as long as NTSC/PAL colour limits are not exceeded. CCIR-601 (or ITU-R 601 as it is known now) recommends that the nominal range for RGB signals should be 16-235 on a scale of 0-255. The extra headroom from 0-15 and 236-255 is occasionally needed to accommodate overshoot and other out of bounds signals that can be generated by analog video processing.

A good reference for colours that work well with NTSC and PAL colour systems are their 75% Colour Bar test signals. For conservative design, the RGB values of these Colour Bars can be used as the upper/lower limits for their respective colours.

2.3.13 Safe Area

DVD Menus should be designed in accordance to standard Title Safe and TV Safe areas. All graphic elements of significance should be within TV Safe and all text should be within Title Safe. TV Safe is a 5% margin from the edges of the video image and Title Safe is 10% from the edges.

These areas should be applicable in the last stage shown above. This translates to the following margins for PAL and NTSC:

2. DVD Video

2.3.19 Image Size

Each highlight on any page should be contained in its own separate TIFF file. Each image should only be as big as the text or graphic itself and should not have any white space around the graphic. It should also be big enough to include the registration mark. Please make sure to always supply two images of the same dimensions per highlight, one with and one without registration mark.This allows closer placement of highlights on the page, as highlight files cannot overlap in a DVD menu.

One file that contains all the highlights for a page should also be provided. The colour depth and file format for this file should be the same as the other highlight files. Sample below.

2.3.15 Interlacing (Flicker/Jitter)

A video frame is made up of two video fields. These two fields are interlaced and each contains half of the information required to display the frame. Due to timing drifts in video equipment, the two fields do not interlace perfectly causing the flicker/jitter commonly seen on sharp edges and fine lines. This is more evident in horizontal lines than vertical. This problem is not evident on computer displays because they are usually non-interlaced.

To avoid these flicker/jitter problems, thin (e.g. single pixel) horizontal lines should be avoided and the overall image should be blurred, using either gaussian or other suitable methods.

2.3.16 File Format

The preferred file formats for menu background delivery are uncompressed TIFF or as video on a separate tape. If the artwork is made in Adobe Photoshop, it must be saved in PC format with no compression. Some graphics packages save an alpha channel with a 24bit file. DO NOT

save the alpha channel.

2.3.17 Naming Convention

For efficient and clear processing of the menu items, the following naming convention should be applied:

2.3.18 Registration and Alignment

To facilitate positioning and alignment of highlights/overlays on the backgrounds at Sony DADC, a file with registration marks should also be supplied with the main background file. This file should contain clearly visible registration marks in addition to artwork in the menu background file. The registration marks can be of any type as long as they are accurate to one pixel width and height. They should also be of a colour that makes them stand out from the background. The accompanying highlights/overlays should have a matching registration mark in a colour of the palette, which has not yet been used. This is discussed in detail later.

Menu background without…

…and with registration marks

+ 37 hidden pages