Solartron 7091 Operating Manual

7061

SYSTEMS

VOLTMETER

OPERATING

MANUAL

'ssueC:

Nov

1986

Part

No.

70610012

Solartron

Instruments,

Victoria

Road,

Farnborough

Hampshire,

England

GU

14

7PW

Telephone:

Farnborough

(0252)

544433

Telex:

858245

Solfar

G

Cables:

Solartron

Farnborough

solartron

pursues

a

poi'cy

of continuous

development

and

product

improvement

he

specification

m

this document

may therefore

be

changed

without

notice

19©86

Contents

Chapter

1

General

Information

Page

1.1

l

Introduction

1.2

2

Accessories

1.2

3

The

Configuration

Switch

1.3

4

Options

1.4

5

Safety

1.5

6

Connecting

the

ac

mains

1.6

Chapter

2

Getting

Started

2.1

Chapter

3

Front

Panel

Controls

3.1

1

Introduction

3.3

2

Front/rear

switching

3.6

3

Measurement

keys

3.7

4

Range

keys

3.7

5

Filter

key

3.8

6

Null

key

3.8

7

Ratio

key

3.8

8

Channel

key

3.9

9

Digits

key

3.10

10

Track

and

trigger

keys

3.10

11

General

operating

keys

3.13

12

Interface

keys

3.13

13

Reset

+

enter

&

Menu

+

reset

keys

3.14

14

Timer

key

3.15

15

Scan

key

3.17

16

Delay

key

3.18

17

Probe

key

3.18

18

Progs

key

3.20

19

History

key

3.28

Chapter

4

Connections

&

Measurements

4.1

1

General

4.2

2

Voltage

4.2

3

Current

4.3

4

Resistance

4.3

5

Drift

correction

4.4

BRS/7061/2

Chapter

5

Remote

Control

5.1

1

Introduction

5.3

2

Remote

commands

and

program

names

5.4

3

Interface

command

language

5.6

4 Command

set-

verbose

5.6

5 Command

set

-

cryptic

5.37

6

Programs

5.40

7

Error

messages

5.45

8

Using

the

7061

from the

GPIB

5.46

9

GPIB functions

5.54

Chapter

6

Interference

-

some

causes

and

cures

6.1

1

Introduction

6.2

2

Series mode

interference

6.3

3

Remedial

action

6.3

Chapter?

Specification

7.1

Chapter

8

Calibration

8.1

Appendix

A

Adopted

settings

on

power-up

&

reset

Appendix

B

Measurement

delay

&

integration

times

Appendix

C

Overload

indication;

display

&

output

formats

Index

BRS/7061/3

[Chap.

1

1

Chapter

1

General

Information

Para.

Pa

8

e

1

Introduction

1-2

2

Accessories

1-2

3

The

Configuration

Switch

1-3

4

Options

1-4

4.1

Scanner

option

1-4

4.2

Memory

option

1-4

5

Safety

1-5

5.1

General

Safety

Precautions

1-5

5.2

Earthing

1-5

6

Connecting

the

ac

mains

1-6

6.1

Voltage

Selector

1-6

6.2

Mains

Fuses

1-7

6.3

Mains

Lead

1-7

6.4

Connection

Procedure

1-8

BRS/7061/2

1.1

[Chap.

1|

INTRODUCTION

The

7061

combines high

speed digital

electronics with

microprocessor

control

to

provide

a

fast,

accurate

systems

voltmeter. With

channel

scanning,

timer

control

and

measurement

processing,

the 7061 is

ideally

suited

to

automated

test

requirements

using

the built-in

IEEE

488

interface (GPIB)

to

give

remote

control.

The

7061 is

equally at

home

as a bench

instrument,

with

scanning,

timing

and

processing

facilities

all controllable

from

the front panel.

And,

of course,

straightforward

voltage,

current

and

resistance

measurements are

easily

made

with

great

reliability

and

accuracy.

Chapter 1

of the

manual

deals with

details

relevant

to the

installation

of

the

voltmeter.

Rack

mounting

is dealt with

in

Appendix D.

To

make

simple

measurements, refer

to Chapter

2,

'Getting

Started'.

For

more

advanced

measurements using

processing

facilities,

but still

under

front

panel

control,

refer to

Chapter

3,

'Front

Panel Controls'.

To

use the

7061

as

a

remotely

controlled

instrument

via

the

GPIB,

refer

to

Chapter

5,

'Remote

Control'.

For

information

on making

measurements,

see

Chapter

4.

Chapter

6 contains

the full

specification and

chapter

7

gives

calibration

information.

ACCESSORIES

Supplied:

2-terminal

input

lead

Power

lead

Copper

crocodile clip

(2)

Rack

mounting

brackets

(2)

Operating

manual

2-terminal

reference

lead

Spare

fuses

Calibration

key

Optional:

High

voltage

probe

70757

2-

terminal

input

lead

3187

3-

terminal

input

lead

3193

5-terminal

input

lead

3183

Kelvin

input

lead

(4-terminal

ohms)

70758

E

Low

thermal

input

lead

kit

70758 D

2-terminal

reference lead

70617

B

4-

terminal

reference

lead

70617

D

Temperature

probe, insertion

PRT 70617 E

Telescopic

rack

slides

(pair)

70759

Technical

manual

70610011

1.2

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

1|

3

THE

CONFIGURATION

SWITCH

The

configuration

switch is

a

dual

in-line

switch

inside

the

instrument.

Its

settings are

shown

in

Fig.

1.1,

with

the

example

showing

50

Hz

line

frequency

and

8

channel

operation

selected.

(5)

SPARE

(4)

SPARE

(3)

16/8

CHANNEL

(2)

SPARE

(1)

LINE

FREQUENCY..

(0)

LINE

FREQUENCY..

1

—

I

nn

i m

t=m

M“=I

i=*i

50

Hz

400

Hz

60

Hz

50

Hz

Fig.

1.1

Configuration

switch

settings

To

reach

the

switch,

disconnect

the

instrument

from

signal

inputs

and

from

the

mams

supply

before

removing

the

top

panel.

This

is

held

in

place

by

four

screws.

The

switch is

just

behind

the

front

panel,

to

the

left

of

centre,

as

shown

in

Fig.

1.2.

If the

memory

expansion

board

is

Fitted,

this

will

have

to

be

removed

in

order

to

reach

the

switch.

It

is

held

in

place

by

three

screws.

Fig.

1 .2

Plan

view

showing

position

of

configuration

switch

BRS/7061/2

1.3

[Chap.

1]

4

OPTIONS

4.1

70612A

SCANNER

OPTION

The scanner option

increases

the

number

of physical input

connectors

on

the

instrument

from

2

to 10

(plus

current input). There are then

8,

4-pole or

16,

2-pole

extra

channels

available, depending

on

the selection

made

using

the

configuration

switch.

1)

HI

ohms source

2)

LO

3)

LO

ohms source

4)

HI

5)

Not

used

Fig.

1.3 Rear

panel view

of

connector

socket,

8

channels

selected

1)

HI

(channels

10-»

17)

2)

LO

(channels

2-*

9)

3)

LO

(channels 10

17)

4)

HI (channels

2

-»

9)

5)

Not

used

Fig.

1.4

Rear

panel

view

of

connector

socket, 16

channels

selected

Input

plug

:

SwitchcraftTA5FL

(Solartron no.

351505030)

More

details are given in

the

sections on the CHANNEL

and

SCAN

keys

and the

CHannel and

SCan

commands.

4.2

70613A MEMORY

EXPANSION

OPTION

The

memory

expansion option increases

the

measurement

buffer from

1000

to 8000

memory

locations.

1.4

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

1

1

5

SAFETY

The

7061

has been

designed

in

accordance

with

the

IEC

publication 348

(Class

1),

'Safety

Requirement

for

Electronic

Measurement

Apparatus',

and has

been

supplied

in

a

safe

condition.

This operating

manual

contains

information

and

warnings

which must be

followed

in

order

to

ensure

safe

operation

and

to

keep

the

equipment

in a

safe

condition.

The

operating

instructions

include

safety

precautions

where

appropriate,

but

the

principal ones

are

also

listed

below.

5.1

GENERAL

SAFETY

PRECAUTIONS

1.

Before

switching on,

ensure

that

the

mains

lead

is

connected

to

the

ac

supply

in

accordance

with the colour

code.

2.

Ensure that

the

mains

voltage

selector

is

correctly

set.

3.

Ensure that the

mains

plug

is

connected

only to a

mains

outlet

which has a

protective

earth

contact.

This

applies

equally

if an

extension

lead

is

used:

the

lead

must

contain an

earth

conductor.

4.

For

earthing, the

mains

plug

must

be

inserted

before

connections

are

made

to

measuring

and

control

circuits.

The

mains

plug

or

external

earth (as

appropriate)

must

remain connected

until

all

measuring

and

control

circuits

have been

disconnected.

5.

Any

interruption of

the

earth

connection

(inside

or

outside

the 7061)

is

prohibited.

6.

When

the

7061 is

connected to

its

supply

the

opening of

covers or

removal of

parts

couid expose

live

conductors.

The

7061

should be

disconnected

from

all voltage

sources

before it

is

opened

for

any

adjustment,

replacement,

maintenance

or

repair.

Adjustments,

maintenance

or

repair

of

the

7061

when

it is

powered

should

not be

attempted.

Consult

a

Solartron

Service

Centre

if

repairs are

necessary.

7.

Ensure

that fuses

of

the correct

rating

and

of-the

specified

type

are

Fitted.

Makeshift

fuses,

and

short-circuiting

of fuse

holders,

is

prohibited.

8.

Whenever

it

is

likely

that the

safety

of

the

7061

has been

impaired, it

should be

switched

off and not

used

again

until

repaired.

Safety

could be

impaired

if the

7061:

a.

shows

visible

damage

b.

fails to

perform

intended

measurements

c.

has been

subjected

to

prolonged

storage

under

unfavourable

conditions

d.

has been

subjected

to

severe

transport

stress.

9.

The

'A' and

T

symbols

on

the

7061

mean

'Refer

to

Operating

Manual'

for detailed

instructions

or

safety

precautions.

5.2

EARTHING

For safety,

an

earth

connection

is

essential

whenever

measurement

and

control circuits

are

connected,

even

if the

7061

is

switched

off.

The

instrument

is

earthed

by

connecting

it

to

a

mains

outlet

or

other

suitable

earthing

point.

This

earth

should

be

capable

of

carrying

25

A and

conform

to

the

regulation

in

'British

Standard

Code

of Practice

CP

10

13

1965,

Earthing'.

BRS/7061/2

1.5

(Chap.

1|

CONNECTING

THE

AC

MAINS

lever

flap

open

from here

The

7061

is

fitted with

a

mains

unit

(Fig.

1.5)

containing

two mains

fuses,

and a

voltage

selector.

These items

cannot

be accessed

until

the mains connector has

been unplugged

from

the unit.

VOLTAGE SELECTOR

The

following table

gives the correct selector

setting for

different

mains

voltage ranges

(nominal 50Hz or 60Hz):

Mains Voltage

Variation

Range

90-110V

108-

132V

198

-242V

216

-264V

Voltage

Selector

Setting

Required

100V

120V

220V

240

V

In

cases

of doubt,

set

the voltage

selector to

the

lower

of the two possible

values

to ensure

that all

7061 internal

voltage levels

are

fully

attained.

To change the

selected

voltage:

1. Unplug

the

mains connector

from

the

unit.

1.6

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

1]

2.

Lever

open

the

hinged flap

with

a

screwdriver

and

lift

out

the

voltage

selector roller

block.

3.

Refit

the

block

with the

chosen

voltage

value

facing

outwards.

4.

Close

the

flap

securely,

checking

that

the

correct

value shows

through

the

aperture.

5.

Plug

in the

mains

connector

again.

6.2

MAINS

FUSES

Live

and

Neutral

are

both

fused

in the

7061.

Fig.

1.5

shows

how

these

fuses

are

accessed,

after

the

mains

connector

has

been

unplugged.

The

arrowheads

marked

on each

fuseholder

must

align

with those

on

the

flap

when

the

fuesholders

are

refitted.

The fuse

values

are:

200 mA,

SLO-BLO

for

220V

or

240V operation

400 mA,

SLO-BLO

for

100V to

120V operation

Relacement

fuses

must be

20mm

x

5mm

cartridge type.

6.3

MAINS

LEAD

An

appropriate

ac

mains

connector

lead,

complete

with a

mating

socket

for

the

IEC plug

on the

7061

mains

input

unit,

is

supplied

according

to the

destination

country.

This lead

should be

connected

to the

ac

supply

according

to

the

following

colour

code:

BROWN

=

LIVE

BLUE

=

NEUTRAL

GREEN/YELLOW

=

EARTH

An IEC

socket

and

lead

other

than

the

one

supplied

may

be

used,

but

it

must be

correctly

wired as

shown in

Fig

1.6.

Fig.

1.6

IEC

power

socket

connections

BRS/7061/2

1.7

I

Chap.

II

CONNECTION

PROCEDURE

1.

Before connecting the

supply, ensure

that

the

mains voltage selector on the rear

panel

is

correctly

set,

and

that the

correct fuses are fitted

in

the

mains

input

unit.

If

necessary,

the mains power frequency

selection

can

be checked

by

looking

at the

configuration switch

(see

para.

3).

2.

Ensure that

the power-

on/off

switch on

the

rear panel,

next

to

the

mains

input

unit,

is

'off.

3. Connect the mains

lead.

4.

Switch

the

7061

'on' at the rear

panel.

1.8

BRS/7061/2

I

Chap.

2|

Chapter

2

Getting

Started

Getting

Started

Page

2.2

BRS/7061/2

2.1

[Chap.

2

1

GETTING

STARTED

At first sight,

the

front

panel may

appear

to be rather

complex,

but to make

simple

measurements of voltage,

current and resistance,

only

a

few of

the

keys

are

required.

These are some

of the

keys

to

the right

of the display and the

two

orange

keys

near the

bottom

left

hand

corner

of

the

display.

After

plugging

in

to

the

mains supply, connect

a

two-terminal test

lead to

the

input

socket and switch on the

machine (rear panel mains switch).

DC

VOLTAGE

To

measure

dc

voltage, connect the test

leads to the voltage

source and

make

the

following sequence of

key

pushes,

using the keys shaded

black

on the diagram

:

2.2 BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

2|

AC

VOLTAGE

To

measure ac

voltage,

the

keys

used

and

the

sequence

of key

pushes

are

as

follows

:

TRACK

s /

t

Press

if TRACK

LED

not lit.

Notice that

in

both

of the

above

measurements,

AUTORANGE

and

TRACK

were

used.

Using

AUTORANGE means that

there

is

no

need

to worry

about

selecting

the

correct

range to

match the

level

of the

input

signal

-

this is done

automatically.

TRACK

gives

a

continuous sequence

of

readings, so

the

display is continually

being

updated.

To

get

a

single

measurement, press

TRIG

instead

of

TRACK

and

the

single

reading

remains in the

display

until another

one

is made.

DC CURRENT

To make

a

single

reading of

dc

current,

connect the

current

source to

the

two

4mm input

sockets on the

rear panel

and make the

following key pushes

:

BRS/7061/2

2.3

[Chap.

21

RESISTANCE

Measuring

resistance

is

just as

easy.

Connect

the

two

terminal

test

lead

across

the

unknown

resistance

then

:

The

more

straightforward

measurements

have

now

been

described, but note

that there

is

a

key

labelled

'True

Q'.

This

may

be

used

instead of

Q

when thermally

induced

voltages

and

currents could be a

problem,

for

example,

when

measuring

low resistances

in relay

circuits.

There

are

other keys,

'NULL'

and

'FILTER',

which also

allow more

accurate

measurements

under

certain

circumstances.

See

the

chapter

on 'Front

Panel

Controls'

for details

of

their

use.

The

same

chapter

describes

the

functions of

all

the

remaining

keys.

Use

of

these allows

great

flexibility

of

measurement

and

processing of

results.

Some of

the

front

panel

keys

call

up

menus.

In

other words,

on

pressing the

key,

a

choice

of

functions

is

given. Menu

keys

are

shown

shaded

in the

following diagram:

r

f=

2

7061

SYSTEMS

VOLTMETER

1.234567

KOHM

“1

'

J

nj

]iii

i

v

one

oo

J

As an

example, the

darker

shaded

key,

the

RATIO

key,

allows the

multiplication or

division of the

measured

value

from

any

channel by

the

value

from any other

channel.

2.4

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

2|

RATIO

A possible

application

for

RATIO is

the

direct measurement

of power,

for

example, dc

power:

Connect

the current

source to

the

4mm

rear

panel input sockets

(channel 0 current

input). Connect

the reference

lead

(channel

1)

so as to

measure

voltage across the

relevant component. Then

Select

channel 0

:

Set

up channel

0 to

read dc

current

:

Press

either

skip key

until

'RATIO

CHAN

=

shows

in the

display.

Set

channel

1 to

read

dc

voltage,

autorange

:

Go

back

to

channel

0:

BRS/7061/3

2.5

fChap.

2

1

Now set

the

ratio

function

to

give

the

product of

channel

0 with

channel

l

:

Press

either

skip key

until

'PRODUCT'

shows

in the

display.

(Note

that

the

vertical

arrows

to

the

right of the

display

mean

that

'SKIP'

(

T i

)

then

'ENTER'

are

the

next keys to

be

pressed.)

The

display

now

shows the

product

of

the two

channels

-

in

this case,

a

direct

reading

of

power.

The

'PRD'

in the

display

indicates

a

product

reading.

SCANNING

The

usefulness

of

the

instrument

is

increased

by its

ability

to

measure

more

than

one

channel

on

receipt

of

a

trigger.

This is

achieved

using

the scan

key.

Details are

described

later

in

the

manual,

but

a

simple

scan sequence

using

channels

0

and

1 is

shown here.

First

initialise the

instrument,

then

turn

track

off

:

then

’7061

INITIALISED’

2.6

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

2

1

Ensure that the GPIB

is set

to

OUTPUT

OFF

using the

following

key sequence

Press

either

skip

key

until

'GPIB'

shows in

the

display.

Then:

t

L A

r

-

i

ENTER

< >

ENTER

k

1

r

1

'

'

^

1

v J

Press either skip key

The

last

part

of the menu

until

'OUTPUT

OFF

'

shows

is

irrelevant

to

front panel operation

in the display.

-

simply

press

ENTER

again

Suppose

we

want

to measure

ohms both

on the

main

input

(channel

0),

and on

reference

input (channel

1).

Set up

channel

0 to read

ohms

:

Select

channel l and set

it

to read

ohms

:

BRS/7061/2

2.7

[Chap.

2]

Set

up the

scan

sequence

from

channel

0 to

channel

1

:

The

display

now reads

*

CHANNEL

=

0

This

is

the

default

setting,

which in

this

case

is

wanted.

’ENTER'

the

default

setting,

then

put

channel

1 into the

scan

sequence

:

’

CHANNEL

=

END

'

’

CHANNEL

=

END

'

The scan

sequence

has

now

been

set

up,

and

it

starts

each

time

a

trigger

is

sent or

runs

continuously

when

TRACK

is

on.

The

display

shows

first

the

reading

from

channel

0,

then

the

reading

from

channel

1.

Before

preceding

to the

next

example,

turn

off the

scan

sequence

by

pressing

SCAN:

PROGRAMS

The

7061

contains

seven

programs

for

processing

data.

They

are

described

in

detail

in

chapter

3

(Front

panel

controls)

and chapter

5

(Remote

control).

For

example,

the

OFFSET

program

adds

a

pre-defined

constant

to

the

measured

value.

For

instance,

add

10 to

each

measurement

:

2.8

BRS/7061/3

[Chap.

2]

Select

the

OFFSET program

:

Press either skip key

until 'SELECT' shows in

the

display.

[Note

: The skip

keys

will

appear

when programs

have

been selected

previously.]

Then:

until

'OFFSET ' shows

in the display.

Set the offset

constant

to

10

:

The

display briefly

reads 'READY' and then 'SELECT'.

This

allows

the option

of

selecting more programs.

If

no further programs

are required, simply

press the

MENU

key:

The program

is

now

'on'

so

that any

readings

made

have the value

10 added to them. (To turn programs

off,

press the PROGS key,

and

the

LED

goes out.)

BRS/7061/3

2.9

[Chap.

2]

PREPARATION

FOR

REMOTE

CONTROL

Many

of

the

simpler

front

panel

measurements

have

now

been

described.

Another

important

function

of

the

front

panel

controls

is to

set

up the

GPIB

output to

prepare the

instrument

for

remote

control.

For

example,

to

set

the

output

’on’

and the

GPIB address

to

'12',

use

the

following

key

sequence

:

Press

either

skip

key

until

’GPIB*

shows in

the

display.

Set

GPIB

output

to

’on’

until

’OUTPUT

ON

’

shows

in

the

display.

Set

GPIB

address

to

12

(for

example)

Press

either

skip

key

until

'ADDRESS

=

--

'

shows

in the

display.

The

instrument

is

now ready

for remote

control.

See

chapter 5

for

details.

2.10

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

31

Chapter

3

Front

Panel

Controls

Para.

Page

1 Introduction

3.3

1.1

Menus

3.3

1.2

Measurement

handling

3.3

1.3 Overload indication

3.5

2

Front/Rear

switching

3.6

3 Measurement

keys

3.7

4

Range keys 3.7

5 Filter

key

3.8

6

Null key

3.8

7 Ratio key

3.8

8 Channel key

3.9

9

Digits

key

3.10

10

Track and

trigger

keys

3.10

10.1

Track key

3.10

10.2 Trigger

key

3.11

10.3

Trigger operation

3.12

11 General operating

keys

3.13

12

Interface key

3.13

13

Reset

+ Enter

&

Menu +

Reset

keys

3.14

14

Timer key

3.15

15 Scan key

3.17

16

Delay key

3.18

17

Probe

key

3.18

Continued

overleaf

BRS/7061/2

3.1

[Chap.

31

Para.

Pa

S

e

18

Progs

key

3.20

18.1

Programs

3.21

18.1.1

^deviation

3.21

18.1.2

Divide

3.22

18.1.3

Limits

3.23

18.1.4

Maxmin

3.24

18.1.5

Offset

3.25

18.1.6

Scale

3.25

18.1.7

Statistics

3.26

18.2

Program

examples

3.27

19

History

key

3.28

Alphabetical

list

of

keys

Page

AC

3.7

AUTORANGE

3.7

CHAN

3.9

CLEAR

3.13

CURRENT

3.7

DC

3.7

DELAY

3.18

DIGITS

3.10

ENTER

3.13,14

FILTER

3.8

HISTORY

3.28

LOCAL

3.12

MEM

3.12

MENU

3.12

NULL

3.8

OHMS

3.7

PROBE

3.18

PROGS

3.20

RATIO

3.8

RESET

3.14

SCAN

3.17

SRQ

3.13

TIMER

3.15

TRACK

3.10

TRIGGER

3.11,12

TRUEQ

3.7

VOLTAGE

3.7

t

|

3.7,13-

3.2

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

3]

1

INTRODUCTION

This

chapter describes

the

functions

of the

front panel

keys

in

some detail.

Some keys

call up menus

to

give

choices

in

the use

of functions.

To make

straightforward

measurements of voltage, current and resistance, much

of

this

information

is not

needed.

Chapter

2

provides

a

simple

introduction

to

such

measurements.

When

an

LED

in

a

key

is

lit,

it

indicates

that the

associated

function

is operating.

When an LED

is flashing, it indicates that the associated

menu has

been called

up.

The instrument

may be Initialised* either

to

clear existing

settings

or

to

get out of

any

problem,

or uncertain condition. The instrument then

has the

settings shown

in

Appendix A.

Initialise

by

pressing

the RESET key then the

ENTER

key.

LI

MENUS

Menu items are

shown

on the display and

read

through

with

the

aid

of the

skip

(

|

or

i

)

keys.

Then

selected items

are implemented using

’ENTER*.

When

numbers have

to

be

entered

in

menus,

the

second level

numeric

keypad

is used.

In

the descriptions of

keys which

invoke

menus, diagrams

are

used.

Dotted

boxes show

information

that can

be displayed. Solid

boxes

and arrows

show

examples of

typical

routes

through the menus. The

sequences of key-pushes are

numbered. Fig.

3.1 shows the

delay

key

as a

simple

example

of

a

menu.

When

all the

selections for

a

menu

function

have been done, and

the final ENTER

key-

push has

been made,

the MENU LED goes out but the function

LED

stays

on,

indicating

that

the function is

now

operative.

The setting

up

of

a

menu

function can be abandoned at any time

by pressing either

the

MENU

or the function

key.

Anything

keyed

in

since the previous

pressing of

the

ENTER

key is then ignored.

(D

(2)

(3)

DELAY

USER

—

7

8

9

4

5 6

"7

2

3

0

./E

+

ifT“

ENTER

J

Fig.

3.1 Example menu

1.2

MEASUREMENT

HANDLING

The

7061 can measure voltage, current and

resistance as

well

as

’True ohms’, the

latter

being

a

resistance

measurement

which

compensates for

thermally

induced voltages.

The

power

of

the instrument

is

greatly

enhanced

by

the

use of signal

processing

using

data

storage,

probe processing

and programs.

Extra

input channels

may be added by fitting

the

scanner

option

(70612)

or more complex processing may

be achieved

by using

’virtual*

channels. These are

described

in the

sections on

the

CHANNEL

key

and

the

CHannel

command.

BRS/7061/2

3.3

[Chap.

31

Figures

3.2

and

3.3

are

block

diagrams

showing

possible

paths

of

a

measured

value

through

the

instrument.

'History

File

access'

is

the

output,

or

processing

then

output, of

results

stored

in

the

measurement

buffer.

This

is

done

remotely

using

the DUmp

command

or

from

the

front

panel

using

the

History

key.

Probe

and

program

processing

may be

switched

in

or

out

of

any

channel

and the

kind of

processing

may

be

set

up

independently

for

each

channel

or

virtual

channel.

Display

GPIB

Probe

and

program

processing

OFF

Display

GPIB

Probe

and/or

program

processing

ON

Fig.3.2

MEASUREMENT

Post-processing

disabled

or

Post-processing

enabled

and.

Probe

and

Program

processing

OFF.

Post-processing

enabled

and

Probe

and/or

Program

processing

ON

Fig.3.3

HISTORY

FILE

ACCESS

Caution

for

History

File

accessing:

If the

original

measurement

was

made

with

programs

on,

the

memory

buffer

contains

processed

results.

History

file

accessing

with

programs

on

would

then

give

twice-

processed

results.

(Probe

processing

can

only

be

done

either

during

measurement

or

during

History

File

accessing.

The

instrument

prevents

double

probe

processing.)

3.4

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

3

1

An

advantage

of

post-processing

is

that

measurements

may

be

taken at

the fastest

possible rate,

then

processed

later

using History

file

accessing.

This

allows the

combination of

rapid measurement

with data processing.

L3

OVERLOAD

INDICATION

If an

input is applied

to the

instrument

and it is

too

high

for the selected

range,

the

display

flashes

on and off as a

warning.

Appendix C

shows

the

levels at

which this

occurs.

The

high input

resistance

(see

specification)

is maintained

even

during

overload on

the

0.1,

1,

and 10

volt

ranges.

BRS/7061/2

3.5

[Chap.

31

FRONT-REAR

SWITCHING

Input

terminals

are

provided

on

both

front

and

rear

panels

except

for

current

measurement

which

is

done

from

the

rear

panel

only.

This

allows

for

both

rack

mounted

or

free

standing

use.

Front

or

rear

inputs

may

be

selected

by

the

front

panel

switch.

A,

FRONT

Push

button

out:

front

inputs

selected.

INPUT

JB.

REAR

Push

button

in:

rear

inputs

selected.

Selection

between

front

and

rear

inputs

cannot

be

done

by

remote

control.

A remote

controller

can

interrogate

the

instrument

(using

the

OPtion

command)

to

determine

which

inputs

are

selected.

FRONT

PANEL

REAR

PANEL

Fig

3.4

Switching

of

front-rear

inputs

3.6

BRS/7061/2

IChap. 3|

3

MEASUREMENT

KEYS

V

L J

/

\

^ >

<

V

l -J

r

1

V

k

>

t

\

I

L J

r

^

k >

r

1

I

r

^

V

^ J

<

Q

.

True

fl

<

>

Voltage,

dc,

0.1V

to

1000V

in 5

ranges.

Voltage,

ac,

0.1V to

1000V

in 5

ranges.

Current,

dc,

1A

in

1

range.

(Rear

panel

only)

Current,

ac,

1A

in

1

range.

(Rear

panel

only)

Resistance,

0.10

to

lOOOkO

and

10MQ,

in

6

ranges.

(10MQ

range

does

2-terminal

measurement

only. See

chapter

4

for

further

measurement

information.)

Resistance,

0.10 to

lOOOkQ

in 5

ranges.

*

*Note,

True

ohm

measurements

are

used

to

compensate

for

thermally

induced

voltages

other

than

those

produced

by

the

measurement

current,

(which

are

removable

by

nulling).

The

instrument

measures

resistance

with

its

source

current

off

then

on.

Subtraction

then

removes

contributions

from

thermal

voltages

and

external

currents.

Settling

times

are

2-3

times

greater

than

for

ohms.

4

RANGE

KEYS

AUTO

RANGE

Selects

or

de-selects

auto-ranging

of

the

chosen

measurement

function.

De-selection

leaves

the

instrument

fixed

in

the

existing

range.

I

Selects

less

sensitive

fixed

range.

Selects

more

sensitive

fixed

range.

The ’up’

and

'down'

skip

keys

also

de-select

autorange.

(When

menus

are

in use,

the

skip

keys

are

used

to

read

through

menu

lists.)

BRS/7061/2

3.7

[Chap.

3]

5

FILTER KEY

Selects

or

de-selects

filtering.

For

ac

measurements, FILTER improves low

frequency

response

and

hence

accuracy.

Use FILTER for

all

ac

measurements

of 400 Hz or

below.

For

dc measurements, FILTER

improves

noise rejection by

increasing

measurement

integration times

fourfold.

The

use

of the filter

increases

both ac and

dc measurement

integration

and

settling

times.

6

NULL KEY

Null

compensates for

small

dc offsets (max. 2%

of Vdc,

1

%

of

Idc,

Ohms

and

TrueOhms

ranges)

at the

point of

measurement. Null

is

not applicable

on

V

ac

and

I

ac

ranges.

NULL

on AUTORANGE

nulls all

ranges. The

same command

on

a fixed

range

nulls

that

range

only.

To

null volts

and ohms,

short input leads;

to null current,

open circuit input

leads. Then

press

NULL. The voltmeter

meaures

the offset

('NULLING’)

and

stores

the

result

('NULL COMPLETE’).

The

stored

offset is then

subtracted automatically from all

subsequent

dc

measurement

values in

that mode and

range.

Channels

0 and 1 can

hold

null

values for all

nullable

modes and

ranges.

Channels 2

to 9 or 2 to

17 can hold nulls

for one

mode

only,

e.g. for all

the

ranges of the Vdc

mode.

When

null is operating, pressing NULL

switches

null off for all

modes and

ranges. These

settings can

then

only

be recovered

via

the interface

'NUll

ON* command.

Null may

be

retained after switching-off,

depending

on

the setting

of

RESUME

which

is

done

via

MENU RESET.

7 RATIO

KEY

Selects (or

de-selects)

either division

or multiplication

of the

presently

selected

channel

by the

value

from

the

ratio channel,

as

selected

under the

CHANNEL

key

menu:

RATIO

^

4

f

NULL

s

/

FILTER

^ -s

3.8

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

31

8

CHANNEL

KEY

—

CHANNEL

S

<>

Gives

a

two-option

menu

to

select

both

the

channel

through

which

readings

are

to

be

made,

and

the

channel

to be

used

for

ratio

measurements.

(3)

"7

8

9

4

5

6

"7

2 3

T

JE

+

(4)

ENTER

^

=

J

Channel

0

is

the

normal

input;

channel

1 is

the

reference

input

(rear

panel

connector).

Channel

numbers

may

be

0-9

or

0-17 depending

on

the

setting

of

the

configuration

switch

(See

chapter

1).

Alternatives

are

shown

in

the

tables

below.

The

selected

channel

number

is

shown

on

the

right

hand

end

of

the

display

(except

channel

0.

-blank).

To

de-select

the

channel

function,

press

the

channel

key.

The

LED

then

goes

out.

'Virtual'

channels

are

available

when

the

scanner

option

is

not

fitted.

Signals

then

pass

aiong

the

same

physical

route

as

for

channel.

0,

but

may be

processed

in

different

ways.

Processing

for

virtual

channels

is set

up

in

the

same

manner

as

for

normal

channels.

Virtual

channels

may

be

scanned

in

the

same

way

as

normal

channels

(see

SCAN

key

description).

The

position

of

the

configuration

switch

is

read

by

the

instrument

on

power-up

only.

Without

scanner

option:

Selected

Channel

0,1

2-

9

10-M7

Configuration

8

five-pole

virtual

switch

setting

16

five-pole

virtual

virtual

With

scanner

option:

Selected

Channel

0,1

2-+

9

10-H7

Configuration

switch

setting

8

five-pole

four-pole

16

five-pole

two-pole

two-pole

BRS/7061/2

3.9

[Chap.

3

1

9 DIGITS

KEY

\

DIGITS

<

/

Gives

a

two-option

menu

whereby

either

the number

of digits

displayed

(i.e.

significant

figures

plus leading digit

of0or 1

or

2) or the

measurement

integration

time

may

be

specified.

Thus

the resolution

or

accuracy

respectively

of

a

measurement may

be

chosen.

The higher the

number

of

digits

specified, the

longer

is the

integration

time

and

of

course the

shorter the integration time

chosen,

the lower the

precision

of the reading.

(D

(3)

(4)

i

(2)

I

CD
CD

7

8

9

4

2

6

1

2 3

0 JE

+

y

ftj

ENTER

(

Default

settings)

ITIME

DIGITS

2.0s

S

ITime

7

0.2s

<

ITime

<

1.9s

6

ITime

=

0.1s 5

When

ITIME

is

selected, the number

of digits

displayed is

still

determined

by the

DIGITS

selection.

If, however,

the

setting of DIGITS

is greater

than

is valid

for

the

selected

ITIME,

then

the

setting is

overruled

(but not

altered). If

the

setting

of

DIGITS

is

less than

is valid,

then

only

the

number

of

digits

set is

displayed.

The

number

of digits

may

be

4,

5,

6

or 7 and

integration

times may

be

from

0000.1s

to

9999.9s.

To

de-select DIGITS

or ITIME,

press

the DIGITS

key.

The LED

then

goes out.

10

TRACK AND

TRIGGER

KEYS

The

voltmeter

can

either

measure

continuously

or

make

one or

more

measurements

at

precisely

defined

times.

Two

keys, TRACK

and

TRIGGER,

offer the

choice.

lOil

TRACK KEY

TRACK

is an on/off

key. When

in

TRACK,

the voltmeter

self-triggers

and

thereby

measures

the

input

signal

continuously,

at an

input

rate

dependent on the

measurement time

and

the

pre-measurement

DELAY.

The

measurement

time

depends

on:

1)

The

integration

time

(selected

in

accordance

with

the

number

of DIGITS

or

the

user-defined

ITIME).

2) FILTER

selection, on

or off.

See specification

for

details

of

measurement

times.

'

\

TRACK

^

>

3.10

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

3]

10.2

TRIGGER

KEY

-v

Starts

measurements

according

to

the

conditions

set up

using

MENU

trigger

TRIGGER.

It is a

'single-shot'

key

whose

LED

remains

lit until the

trigger

l J

is

complete. See

specification

for

details of

measurement

times.

The trigger

menu

offers a

choice

of

SAMPLE,

CAPTURE,

GATED,

or

BURST

measurements.

These

measurements

start

on

receipt

of

a

trigger

signal,

which

can

come

from:

1)

The

TRIGGER

key

(MENU

not

selected).

2)

An

external

source

(applied to

the

EXT

TRIG

input

on

the

voltmeter

rear

panel).

3)

The

voltmeter

TIMER.

4)

The

GPIB

(Group

Execute

Trigger

(GET)

or

'TRIg’).

Y

ENTER

::"“***

INTEGRAL

=

OFF

s-

INTEGRAL

=

ON

-<

CNTCR

~

8

9

*4

5

6

~T

2 3

l

ENTER

0 ./E

±

Note: In order to

make

multiple

measurements

from

the

front

panel,

e.g.

SAMPLE

or

CAPTURE etc.,

the

GPIB

must

be

set

to

OUTPUT-OFF.

Details of

trigger

operation

are

shown

overleaf.

BRS/7061/2

3.11

[Chap.

3]

10.3

TRIGGER

OPERATION

Sampled

Measurements

Sampled

measurement starts

on receipt of

a

trigger

and

continues

for

1 to

1000

measurements

(or

1

to

8000,

with

the

memory

expansion

option),

as

defined by the

user.

Maximum

speed

with

4

digits

set

is

1000

readings

per second.

Gated measurements

A

gated measurement

starts

within

1ms

of one

trigger

and

finishes

within

1ms of the

next.

Although

controllable

from the front

panel

this

way

of making measurements

is better suited

to

remote

control,

where the

integration

time

can

be

more

precisely defined.

Gated

measurements

may

be

made in all

measurement

modes except

True

ohms,

and

RATIO

must

be

off. Also,

fixed range

should

be

selected

and

SCAN must

be

off,

although any

channel may

be used.

Captured

Measurements

To 'capture’

measurements

the voltmeter starts measuring

continuously

(as

in

TRACK)

on

receipt

of

a

trigger.

When a

measurement

result reaches a pre-defined

value between

-10

18

to

+

10

i8

(ABOVE

=

,

or

BELOW

=)

the voltmeter

continues

until

a pre-defined number

of

up

to 1000

(or

8000)

OVERRUN

measurements

have

been made,

and then stops. By

varying

the

OVERRUN

value, the

first

captured

measurement

may

be positioned

at any

convenient

point in the HISTORY

file.

This

gives

a choice

of the

number of results

available for

examination before

and after an event.

Captured

measurements

may be made in any

measurement

mode and

RATIO

may still

be used.

Capture

can

be made on any channel,

but

its selection

turns off SCAN.

Maximum

speed

with

4 digits

set

is 1000

readings

per second.

The

TRIGGER LED

is

lit during capture and overrun.

(See

chapter

5,

paragraph

4.33

for

an example

of

a

capture

measurement.

level

ABOVE

=

X

XXX

XX X

Defined

number

of

overrun

measurements

x x

X XX

X

trigger^

first overrun

result

]

1

stop!

time

Integral

Function

When

the integral

option

is

selected (see

trigger

operations

on the

previous

page) the

voltmeter

automatically

performs

a time

integration,

multiplying

the value of

measured

quantity

by the

time

(in

seconds). The

’INTO* in

the

display

indicates

that an integration has

been taken.

If

the

voltmeter

is

used to measure

voltage, or

current, or

resistance,

the units for

these

respective intergrations

will

be

mA-seconds,

V-seconds,

or kQ-seconds.

For

sampled

or captured

measurements

the integral function

uses either the

standard

integration

time

(defined

by

the number

of

digits

selected),

or the user-defined ITIME.

(Refer

to

Digits

Key,

section 9

of

this

chapter.)

For

gated

measurements

the

integral

function

takes the time between

the starting trigger

and

the

terminating trigger.

Burst

Measurements

Makes a

series

of up to

1000

(or

8000)

measurements

at

a speed

of

1500 readings

per

second.

‘Burst*

forces

the following

conditions

: Digits

4,

Filter Off,

Ratio Off,

Scan

Off,

Track

Off,

Output Normal.

When

using Burst, the

instrument

must

be

in one

of

the

following

measurement

modes:

Vdc,

Idc,

K

ohms:-0.1~>1000KQ

ranges, with

autorange OFF.

Attempted

use in

any

other

mode will

generate

an

error.

Also, the

receipt

of any

command

other

than

a

trigger will

change the

setting

from Burst

to

Sample.

3.12

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

3]

Note:

If

a

TRIGGER

is sent

before

the previous

measurement

has

finished, readings

cease to

be

output from

the

first

measurement

but

may

still

be

available

in

the

History

file

unless

overwritten

by

the second

measurement.

External

Triggering.

When

external

triggering is

used,

the

voltmeter

should

be

told

what

sort

of trigger

to

expect,

i.e.

positive or

negative

edge,

de-bounce

off

or

on.

(Debounce

is

for

mechanical

switch

inputs.)

This

can be

done

through

the

EXTTRIG menu,

which appears under the

MENU

RESET key.

'ExtTrig'

is

a

BNC

input

connector on

the

rear

panel, using

TTL

signal levels.

On

receipt

of an

'ExtTrig'

trigger

signal,

there is the

same

effect

as

if the

front

panel

TRIGGER

key

had

been

pressed.

TrigComplete

signal

The

TrigComplete'

socket is

a rear

panel

BNC

output

which

is

normally

high

but

which

pulses

low for typically 4ps,

after the

completion

of

a

measurement.

This

pulse may

be

used,

for example, to

advance

external

circuitry

such

as

a scanner.

During captured

measurements,

the pulse

is

output

on

the

first

occurence

of

a

measured

value

outside the capture

limit.

The output

is

high again

throughout

overrun.

When using the

LIMITS

program,

if

'ALARM

ON'

is

selected,

a pulse is

output

each time

an

out-of-limits

measurement

is

made.

CAUTION.

Sending

a

new

Trigger, from

any

source,

before

the

previous

one

has been

completed, stops

the

present

action

and

starts

a

new

one.

For timing details, see

Appendix

B.

11

GENERAL

OPERATING

KEYS

Used

in

conjunction

with

'grey-barred'

keys

to

call

up the

associated menu.

When a

menu has

been

called-up,

the

skip keys

are used to

read

through the

lists of

menu

items.

The

ENTER key

is

used

for

entering

numeric

data

into the

instrument and

to

select

menu

items.

It is also used

with

the

RESET key (see

below).

Changes

to

instrument

settings

can

occur

only after

an

ENTER.

Gives

access to a

single

memory

location.

When the

number pad

is

inoperative (ie.

when not in a

menu),pressing

MEM

causes

the last

displayed

reading

to

be

stored.

When

the

number

pad is

operative

(ie.

when in

a

menu),

pressing MEM

recalls

the

number stored

in the

user-memory

for

use as a

numeric entry.

Pressing

CLEAR

erases

numeric

entries

only.

12 INTERFACE

KEYS

\

SRQ

k

-

t

—

\

LOCAL

Generates

a

user SRQ

(service request)

to

the

GPIB,

with an

LED

indication

in

the key.

Returns

the

instrument

to

local

control

from the

GPIB

remote

condition,

provided

that the

remote

command

'LOckout

ON’

hasn’t

been sent

or that

the

GPIB

'LLO' hasn't

been

done.

If already

in

local

when the

key is

pressed,

the

GPIB

address is

displayed.

An

led

indication of

local/remote

condition

is

given in

the

key.

BRS/7061/2 3.13

[Chap.

3]

13

RESET +

ENTER & MENU

+

RESET

KEYS

r

i

r-

RESET

L. -J

ENTER

k. j

By pressing

RESET then

ENTER,

the

instrument

is

’Initialised'

and

settings revert

to

the

pre-determined conditions shown

in

Appendix

A.

'MENU RESET' offers a

choice of reset states, external trigger

and

interface conditions.

fc]

j

7j—J

*

MENU

RESET

L 4

i-

•

i

RESUME

EXTTRIG

QCdfifitCQCOfii

GP

IB

OFF

ON

DEBOUNCE

=

OFF

•

•

*

1

DEBOUNCE =

ON

•

CD

Hi

CD

OUTPUT- ON

OUTPUT- OFF

EDGE

=

NEGATIVE

EDGE

=

POSITIVE

ADDRESS

=

~

USTEN-ONLY

TALK-

ONLY

7:8

4

15

1|2

;

o

1

/e

:

9

j

6

: 3

*

+

ENTER

Note:

When

the

calibration switch is

in

the

’CAL* position, the

menus

are

changed

when MENU RESET is selected. (Refer to Chapter

8

for

details of

calibration.)

it

The GPIB should

be

set

to OUTPUT-OFF

for

front panel

operation.

3.14

BRS/7061/2

LChap.

3

1

14

TIMER

KEY

—

\

TIMER

s

*

Enables/disables

timer

control

of

triggering,

timer is

enabled.

The

LED is

lit when the

MENU

TIMER

Gives

a

menu

to

allow setting

of

the

timer.

To check

or

re-set

the

clock,

select

REAL

and

skip to

CLOCK.

If the

time

displayed

is

correct,

simply

press

ENTER,

if not,

make

the

appropriate

setting using

the key

pad

and

press

ENTER to start

the

clock.

For

making

settings

in

either

real

or elapsed

times,

skip

through

the

menu,

make

settings

with the

key

pad

and

ENTER

selections.

The

maximum time

setting

is

23h

59m 59s

and

the

maximum day

setting

is

7.

Once set

and enabled,

the

timer

will

supply

trigger

pulses

from

BEGIN

time

until

END

time,

at

intervals

corresponding

to

the

INTERVAL

selected.

The

timer may

be set to

operate

in

either

real or

elapsed

time

:

'TIMER

REAL’

After

enabling,

the

display

shows

’TIMER

ACTIVE’

and

timer

trigger

signals

begin at

the

BEGIN

time.

For each

DAYBEGIN

specified,

the

start

is

delayed

by

24 hours.

INTERVAL

and

DAYINTERVAL

specify

the

time

between

triggers.

Timer

signals

cease

at

the

END time.

For each

DAYEND

specified,

the

cessation

is

delayed by

24

hours.

(When

DAYBEGIN

is to be

specified,

the day

on

which the

timer

is

enabled

is

regarded as

DAY

0. The

next day

is

DAY

1,

and so

on

up

to

DAY

7.)

'TIMER

ELAPSED’

Following

enabling,

the

display

shows

’TIMER

ARMED’.

Then

the

instrument

must be

triggered,

the

display

shows

’TIMER

ACTIVE’

and timer

signals

begin

after

a delay

equal

to

the

BEGIN

time.

For each

DAYBEGIN

specified,

the

delay

is

increased

by 24

hours.

INTERVAL

and

DAYINTERVAL

specify

the

time

between

triggers.

Trigger

signals cease

with a

delay

equal to

END

time

after

the

timer

was enabled.

For

each

DAYEND

specified,

the

delay

is

increased

by

24

hours.

See

following

page

for

diagram

of

timer

menu.

BRS/7061/2

3.15

(Chap.

31

)(

p 1

MENU

TIMER ::

enter

::

’k==J

ji

—

J

V.

y

:: ENTER

/"

A,,,„

:s

r

•

REAL

ELAPSED

:

:

:

7

i

8

T

CLOCK

=

•••!

4

;

5 6

::

ENTER

;

1

i

2 3

:

6

:./E

+

r .v.v

:

:

7 8

*

9

•»

.

;

BEGIN

;•••*•:

1

Si

6

::

ENTER

2i

3

;

o; ./e;

+

r

v.v;

:

:

;

7

8:

9

;

DAY8EGIN

=

-

i\

5;

6

:: ENTER

a - . a - a

-

.

^

2!

3

;

6;

VE

*

±

r

:

:

7

8;

9

••.I;:*

;

INTERVAL

4;

5]

6

::

ENTER

:

2;

3

:

0:

;./E

:

+

r

v.v

:

* —

:

\r.

:

8*

*9

\

DAYINTERVAL

=

-

;

5;

6*

ENTER

*

;

1

;

2

•

*3

;

0

:

V/E

:

r .7.7

:

.

i

7

:

:

8:

*9

;

END

=

;•••:

4:

;

5

;

6

:: ENTER

;

2

:

*3

;

0

;

;./e; ±

r

v.v.

:

:

:

7

;

i

8j

9

;

DAYEND

=

-

l

;

5

:

6

-

::

::

ENTER

*

;

1

:

2

;

'3

:

0

;

;./e;

±

The timer

is automatically

enabled

after the final pressing

of

the

ENTER

key,

but

when using

'TIMER ELAPSED', the

instrument must

then

be

triggered.

3.16

BRS/7061/2

!

Chap.

31

15

SCAN

KEY

'

\

scan

Enables/disables

scanning

of

channels.

The LED

indicates scanning

on/off.

s

J

When

scan is

enabled, one

scan

is

started by

each

trigger.

Gives

a

menu to

allow

specification

of

a

scan

sequence

of up

to 18

channels.

Channel

numbers (i.e.

0-»9

or

0—

>

IT)

are

entered

using

the

numeric keypad

and a

setting

up

sequence

may

be

terminated

by pressing

CLEAR

then

ENTER.

Any

selectable

channel

may

be

scanned

in

any

order and the

same

channel may

be

scanned more

than

once.

All channels

or just one

selected

channel may

be

monitored. See

'MENU

HISTORY'

keys

for details.

For

important

timing

information

concerning

scanning, see

Appendix B.

(37)

To terminate the

setting

up

of

a scan

sequence,

simply

ENTER

'END'

(the default

condition) instead

of

a

number.

If the power fails

during

a

scan

sequence,

when power is restored the

next

scan

sequence

starts

at the

beginning

again,

notatthe

point

where

the

power

failed.

See

Appendix

A for

details

of

track

and trigger

after

a

power

failure.

BRS/7061/2

3.17

[Chap.

31

16

DELAY KEY

DELAY

Selects user-defined

pre-integration

delay, with LED indication

of

selection.

MENU DELAY

Sets

up

user-defined

pre-integration delay.

The

delay may be

from

0.000s

to

9.999s.

See

Appendix B

for

detailed

information on

delay

timing.

(D

(2)

(3)

|jO

ENTER

^

J

USER

=

—

7

8

9

4

5 6

"7

2

3

T

./E

+

17

PROBE KEY.

Allows

use of accessory

probes,

with LED indication of selection.

Gives a menu to specify

the kind ofprobes

to be

used.

Three kinds of probe may

be used:

High Voltage (HV)

Permits the use of high voltage probe,

to

extend

the

range

of dc

voltage measurement on

Channel 0. To obtain the correct

division ratio

of 100:1

the probe must have

a

series

resistance

of 990MQ.

This corresponds with the

10MQ

input impedance

of

Channel 0.

Current Shunt (SHUNT)

Permits the use

of

a

current

shunt,

to

extend the range of current

measurement, ac

or

dc,

on

any

channel. If

the value

of the shunt resistance R

is

not specified,

the

default

value is

m.

Temperature

(PRT)

Permits the

use

of

platinum resistance thermometer, on

any

channel.

Linearisation

conforming

to

IEC 751

is

.

performed

to present

a

result

in

degrees

Celcius (°C),

Fahrenheit (°F)

or

Kelvin (K),

with

a

resolution

of 0.001

degrees.

A

probe

resistance

of

100Q for

0°C

is

assumed.

Where this is not suitable

for

the

PRT in

use

the correct

value

can

be

entered by the

user. There

is

a

choice

of NORMAL or TRUEOHM

measurements.

3.18

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

3]

PROBE KEY

(continued)

If

probes are switched

on during measurements,

processed

results

are stored in the

memory

buffer.

Results

which are stored

in

the memory buffer

may be

post

processed

(see

under

History

Key, section

19

of

this chapter).

(D

F

3

=*v

<pr

“

•

i mm»m

*

;

7

;

8

9*

MENU

PROBES

::

enter

::

ENTER

::

enter

•:

i

4

;

5

6

Vs.

-X

X

v.

.v

::

;

1:

2

3

' y”

'

'T\

A

i

0

;7E

±

(2)

OFF

•

B

•

. ,

HV

•

«

B

•

*

SHUNT

•

• •

r

PRT

1

MODE

=

IDC

ENTER

R(OHM)

=

MODE

=

IAC

MEM

(5)

(6)

*0

1

ENTER

'L-

—

j

•

OUTPUT

=

DEGC

•

OUTPUT

=

DEGF

OUTPUT

=

K

=1

ENTER

1

f

RO(OHM)

=

-

7

8

9

4

5 6

0_

±

A::

MEM

*

R

and

RO must be

specified

in

ohms.

MODE

=

NORMAL

m

m

(

8

)

ENTER

(7)

ENTER

^ J

ENTER

i=i

.

ENTER

I

«

^

•

MODE

=

TRUEOHM

.

(9)

BRS/7061/2

3.19

[Chap.

3]

18

PROGS

KEY

f

\

PROGS

r

1

MENU

PROGS

<

)

i - - *

Activates

selected

programs.

Selects

and

sets

up

programs.

There

are

seven

programs

in the

instrument:

%Deviation

Divide

Limits

Maxmin

Offset

Scale

Statistics

Each

of the

programs

may

be

in

one

of

two

states:-

Active

or

Idle.

Programs

selected

are

held

in

the

Active

list

whilst

unused

programs

remain

in the

Idle

list.

Selecting

and

setting

up

a

program

transfers

it

from

the

Idle

list to

the

Active

list;

cancelling

a

program

has

the

reverse

effect.

SELECT

(unused

programs)

CANCEL

(programs

in use)

Programs

may

be

used

individually,

or

linked

together to

perform

more

complex

computations,

in

which

case

they

are

executed

in

their

order

of

selection.

Note

that a

program can

only

appear

once

in. a

sequence

of

programs.

Following

the

selection

of

MENU

PROGS,

one

of

five

program

actions

can

be

ordered

using

skip

then

ENTER:

(

\

'

\

MENU

PROGS

i

t

Causes

programs

in

the

Idle

list

to be

selected.

The

display

prompts

the

setting

up

of

program

options

and

variables.

Allows

details of an

Active

program to

be

examined.

Options,

constants,

results,

can

be

displayed

by

repeatedly

pressing

ENTER.

Permits

new

options

or

constants

to be

put

into

Active

programs

by

overwriting

the

old

ones.

Erases

the

results

of

Active

programs

either

one

program

at

a

time

or

all

at

once.

Returns

programs

from

the

Active to

the

Idle

list.

Constants

are

not

altered

but

results

are

automatically

reset.

3.20

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

3|

Measurement

rates are slowed

by

pre-processing.

The extra

delay per measurement

is

from

1ms

to

30ms

depending

on

the

processing

applied.

18.1

THE

PROGRAMS

In the

following

diagrams,

x

=

program

input

and

y

=

program output.

When

more than

one

program is selected,

the

output,

y,

of

one

program becomes

the input,

x, of the

next.

Program

variables may

be

entered either

from the

keyboard,

or

from the memory by

pressing

MEM then ENTER. In

either case,

the

variables can be

in

the

range from

-10

18

to

+

10

18

.

18.1.1

%deviation

Computes the

percentage deviation of an

input

from a user-defined value N.

-10

18

<N<

+

10

18

Thus

y

= 100

(

.t-N

)

/ N

.

(2)

SCALE

I

%

DEVIATION

OFFSET

DIVIDE

MAXMIN

LIMITS

STATISTICS

(3)

(4)

7

8 9

4

5

6

J-

2

_

0 /E_

+

ENTER

Nfc

BRS/7061/2

3.21

[Chap.

3]

18.1.2

Divide

Takes

the

measured

input,

x,

and acts

on

it

in

one

of

six

ways

with a

user-defined

constant

N,

giving

an

output

y.

-10

18

<Ns

+

10

18

Thus:

1)

X/N

2)

N/X

3)

XX/N

4)

DBX/N

5)

DBN/X

6)

DBXX/N

y

=

x -j-N

y=N

-x

y=x

2

-N

y

=

201ogio(x

-^N)

y=201ogio(N

-^-x)

y

=

201ogio(*

2

N)

Outputs

4,

5

and

6

are

the

decibel

(dB)

equivalents

of

outputs

1,

2

and

3

respectively.

p—

ENTER

VS—

= —

J

7

8 9

"5

2

^

0

/E

±

(6)

fcj

ENTER

'l

asJ

ENTER

3.22

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

3|

18.

1.3

Limits

Compares

each

input

value x

with

two

user-defined

limits

H

and

L,

or

the

Memory

value.

-10

i8

sHs

+

10

18

,

-10

18

<L<

+

10

18

Each

input

value

x

is

put

into

one

or

more

of

four

categories:

1)

Hi

x>H

2)

Lo

x

< L

3)

Go

L<x<H

4)

Nogo

x>Horx<L

Outputs

are

available

either

from

individual

categories

or

from

all.

Whilst

the

program

is

running,

the

number

of

results

in

each

category

is

recorded

and

is

available

for

RECALL.

If

ALARM

ON

is

selected, a

low,

approximately

4ps

pulse

is

output

to

the

Trig

Complete'

(LINE

0)

socket

each

time

an

out-of-limits

measurement

is

made.

:

scale

:

a

»

I

«

•

%DEV!ATION

•

»

I

I

•

OFFSET

DIVIDE

MAXMIN

(

1

)

BRS/7061/2

3.23

[Chap.

31

18.1.4

Maxmin

Records

the

minimum

and

maximum

values

of

inputs, x,

and

the

difference

between

them.

Output,

y,

may

be

selected

from:

INPUT

y=x

MAX

y

=

present

maximum

value

of

x

MIN

y

—

present

minimum

value of

x

pp

j

=

present

peak-to-peak

(difference)

value

between

max.

and min. x.

MAX,

MIN and

PP are

available

for

RECALL,

together

with

the

total

number of

input

values.

3.24

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

3]

18.1.5

Offset

Adds

a

user-defined constant,

C, to

the

measured

value.

y=x+ C

-10

18

<C<

+

10

18

(2)

(

3

)

(4)

LIMITS

STATISTICS

18.L6 Scale

Multiplies

measured value

by a

user-defined

constant, M.

y

=

Mx

-10

18

<M<

+

10

18

LIMITS

STATISTICS

BRS/7061/2

3.25

[Chap.

31

18.1.7

Statistics

Computes

statistics

from

a

series

of

inputs,

x, to

give

outputs,

y.

INPUT

y—

x

MEAN

y—

X

x

/

n

~

x

i

=

1

—

n

SD

y

=

V(

X

(x.—

x)

2

/n

i

=

1

—ra

VAR

y=

Y

(x.-x)

2

/n

i

as

L~.fi

RMS

y=V(

X

x

f

/n)

i

—

1

n

(2)

(4)

CD

3.26

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

31

18.2

PROGRAM

EXAMPLES

Example

1

To

take

a

series

of

measurements

and

divides

each

result

by a

factor

of,

say,

20.

Press

'MENU'

then

'PROGS'.

Using

CANCEL,

clear any

SELECTED

programs

from

the

Active

to

the

Idle

list.

Select

the

Scale

program

and

set

the

constant

to

0.05.

With

the

Scale

program

implemented,

i.e.

with

the

'PROGS'

key

pressed,

all readings

are

then

divided

by

20.

Example

2

To

examine

the

tolerances

of

a

batch

of

resistors.

To

find

the

standard

deviation

and

the

worst case

variation of

resistance

values

requires

the

use

of the

MAXMIN

and

STATISTICS

programs.

Remember

that

programs

act

in the

order of

their

selection

and

the

output

of

the

final

program

is

the

one

displayed.

Select

the

MAXMIN

program.

Select

OUTPUT

=

INPUT.

Select

the

STATISTICS

program.

Select

OUTPUT

=

SD.

Now

with

the

PROGS

key

pressed

(LED

on),

individually

triggered

resistance

measurements

are

stored by

the

MAXMIN

program,

and

each

displayed

reading

shows

the

standard

deviation

of

the

measured

resistance

compared

with the

previously-

measured

values.

When

the

whole

batch

has

been

measured,

by

using

RECALL,

the

MAXMIN

and

STATISTICS

results

may

be

seen.

BRS/7061/2

3.27

[Chap.

3]

19

HISTORY

KEY

1

—

\

history

Pressing

the

HISTORY

key

causes

readings

in

the

memory

buffer to be

L j

displayed,

together

with

their

record

numbers

and the

channels

through

which

they

were

read.

(A

blank

indicates

channel 0.)

Pressing

the

skip

key

T

then

allows

the

display

of

earlier

readings,

each

press

accessing

the

previous

reading.

Pressing

skip

key

1

gives

access to

later

readings

until

the

latest

is

reached

once

more.

Trying

to

skip

to

a

non-existent

record

causes

a

'beep'.

HISTORY

7 8

9_

4

J>

7

T

3

_

0

/E

±

ENTER

)

Specific

readings

may

be

displayed

by

pressing

HISTORY,

entering

the

record

number

of

the

reading,

then

pressing

ENTER.

Lower

record

numbers

refer to

later

results,

so

the

last

reading

taken is

always

in

position

1.

Example

of a

displayed

reading:

2.5239

703 5

VALUE

RECORD

NUMBER

CHANNEL

NUMBER

—

1

*

—

—

^

MENU

HISTORY

^ ) k J

Gives

access

to the

following

facilities:

CLEAR

DUMP

MONITOR

DISPLAY-FIELD

Clears

the

memory

buffer.

Allows the

specification

of

a

range

of

readings

to

be

taken

from

the

memory

buffer,

and

the

results

displayed.

By

specifying

'POST-PROCESS’,

results

may

be

probe

or

program

processed,

before

display.

If

'SINGLE

STEP'

is

chosen,

results

are

displayed

one

at

a

time,

on

repeated

pressing

of the

ENTER

key.

'FAST'

gives

the

results

in a

rapid

succession.

Gives a

choice

of

displaying

all

channels

or

one

selected

channel

when

making

scanning

measurements

or

when

using

HISTORY

either

alone

or

with

DUMP.

Gives a

choice

of

displaying

measurement

units

as

applicable,

or

record

numbers,

when

using

HISTORY.

3.28

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

3]

r

U3

Hf STORY

L

J

(

2

)

A

*

ENTER

(4)

FROM

=

1

1

!

e

1

•

CLEAR

-

/

ENTER

.

/

1

s i

DUMP

(3)

TO

=

nt

(6)

7

4

5

6

J_

3_

0

/E

±

7

8 9

"4

"l

2

3

0

/T

+

"CJ

ENTER

J

(5)

ENTER

J

(7)

MONITOR

DISPLAY-FIELD

A-

ENTER

(8)

r

L,

-

no-post-process

;

^

T

m

s

1

Jj

f

•

“

\

LU

T

ALL

CHANNEL=0

POST-PROCESS

.

i

A

*

r

7i

8j9

4j

S

i

6

Vj 2

oi/i’

i±

ENTER

-I

SINGLE-STEP

FAST

i

(11)

'A!

RECORD-NUMBER

UNIT

ENTER

,r

C3

ENTER

L

J

(10)

|j“]

CD

ENTER

n?

=

highest

record

number

If

'MONITOR

CHANNEL

=

n'

is

specified

and no

readings

from 'n'

are

taken,

no

readings

will

be

displayed

or

output.

Whenever a

single

channel is

monitored

(i.e.

not

MONITOR ALL),

the

History

LED

remains

lit

as a

warning

that not all

readings

may be

displayed

and

output.

The

monitor

facility

is

only

applicable

when

scanning,

or

when

the

monitor dump is

invoked,

or

when accessing

the memory

buffer.

Examples

of

DUMP

:

To

DUMP

a single

result (e.g.

record

35),

enter

DUMP FROM

35

TO

35

To

DUMP all

results

in

the memory

buffer,

enter DUMP

FROM

1

TO

1000

(8000)*

To

DUMP a

range

e.g.

from 100 to

51,

enter

DUMP

FROM

100

TO 51

Note

that

lower record

numbers

hold

later

results,

so

dumping

'100

to

51'

displays and

outputs

results

in the

order

in

which

measurements

were

made.

The

choice

between

individual accessing

of readings

(SINGLE

STEP)

or

accessing

in

blocks of

readings

(FAST) is

best

determined

by

considering

the

kind

of

program

processing

required.

If

a

set of

readings

is

to be

'scaled' or

'offset'

for

example,

each

result

will

need

to be

read

from

the

display,

so

the

former

method

should be

used.

If the

readings are to

be

processed

by

'maxmin'

or

'statistics',

only the

final

result

from

perhaps

hundreds

of

readings

is

required, in

which case

the

latter method

is

more

suitable.

*

Memory

expansion option.

BRS/7061/2 3.29

[Chap.4]

Chapter

4

Connections

&

Measurements

Para

No.

Title

Page

1

General

4.2

2

Voltage

4.2

3

Current

4.3

4

Resistance

4.3

5

Drift Correction

4.4

BRS/7061/2

4.1

[Chap.4]

GENERAL

For

many

applications

it

is

sufficient

just

to

connect

the

unknown

quantity

(volts,

ohms

etc.) to

the

instrument

using

the

2-terminal

test

lead.

Measurements

can

then be

taken.

Sometimes,

however,

interference

is

superimposed

on

the

input

signal to

the

instrument

and, if

it

is

large

enough,

the

displayed

result

may

be

affected,

i.e.

unstable, or

worse

still,

steady

but

incorrect.

As

it

is

sometimes

difficult to

assess

whether

or

not results

will

be

affected

by

interference,

it

is

advisable

to

null

the dc

ranges

prior to

their use.

(See

chapter

2)

It is

not

normally

too

important

which

way

round

the

connecting

leads

are

arranged as

the

instrument

can

measure

+

ve

or

-ve

signals.

If

-ve,

a

minus

sign

will

precede

the

displayed

result.

Details

of

main

(channel

0)

and

reference

(channel

1)

input

sockets

are

given

in figures

4.1

and

4.2.

The

sockets

are

shown

viewed

from

the

outside

of

the

instrument.

1)

Not used

2)

LO

3)

LO

ohms

source

4)

HI

5)

HI

ohms

source

Input

plug

:

Selectro-Fischer

S

1

04A053

(Solartron

no.

351005010)

Fig. 4.1

Main

Input (front

or

rear

panel)

1)

HI

ohms

source

2)

LO

3)

LO

ohms

source

4)

HI

5)

Not

used

Input

plug

:

SwitchcraftTA5FL

(Solartron no.

351505030)

Fig.

4.2

Reference

Input

(

rear

panel

)

See

chapter

1

,

section

4. 1

for

details

of

scanner

connections.

4.2

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

41

2

VOLTAGE

(via

front

or

rear

panel,

2

terminal

lead)

Connect

the

test

leads

to

the

instrument

and

select

V, dc or

V,

ac.

Select

AUTO

ranging

and

connect

the

test

leads

across

the

unknown

voltage.

Fig

4.3

shows

the

2-terminal

te.st

lead

in

use.

Measurements

can be

taken

by

pressing

TRACK

or

TRIGGER.

Fig.

4.3

Connections for

voltage

measurements

(2-terminal)

Note:

Protection

against

overload

voltages

is

given

by a

spark

gap

between

HI

and

LO.

3

CURRENT

(via

rear

panel

only)

Connect

two

test

leads

to

the

sockets

at

the

rear

of

the

instrument

and

select

I,

dc

or

I,

ac.

Connect

the

test

leads

to

the

unknown

current.

Measurements

can

be

taken

by

pressing

TRACK

or

TRIGGER.

Note:

Protection

against

currents

in

excess

of

2A

is

provided

by a

2A

fast

blow

fuse

mounted

on

the

rear

panel.

4

RESISTANCE

(2

or

4

terminal

lead)

Resistances

can

be

measured

by

using

the

2-terminal

method.

F

or most

applications

this

method

is

satisfactory.

However,

as

the

value

of

unknown

resistance

becomes

smaller

,

the

effects

of

the

instrument

being

remote

from

the

resistance

becomes

more

noticeable.

In

particular,

the

connecting

leads

always

have

some

resistance,

typically

0.2512.

Therefore

the

ratio

of

unwanted

resistances

to

the

wanted

one

may

become

significant.

In

order

to

ascertain

which

method

should

be

used,

it

is

sufficient

to

measure

the

resistance

of

the

test

leads

(if not

already

known),

and

then

calculate

their

value as

a

percentage

of

the

resistor

under

test.

If

this

figure

is

unacceptable,

the

4-terminal

method

should

be

used.

A

test

current

for

resistance

measurement

is

provided

by a

constant

current

generator

whose

output

varies

with

the

selected

resistance

range.

For

low

resistance

measurements

involving

thermally

induced

voltages

(e.g.

relay

contacts),

use

the

True

ohm

mode to

eliminate

these

junction

errors.

The

10M£2

range

uses

2-terminal

measurements

only.

Settling

times

are

longer

than

for

other

ohms

ranges,

and

depend

on

the

value

of

resistance

being

measured.

BRS/7061/2

4.3

[Chap.4]

4.1 2 -TERMINAL (VIA

FRONT OR

REAR

PANEL)

Connect the test lead

to

the instrument and select

Q,

auto-range. Short

the

leads

together and perform

a

null. Connect

the

test

leads

across the

unknown

resistance.

Measurements can be taken by

pressing

TRACK

or

TRIGGER.

Fig. 4.4

2

-

terminal connections

for

resistance

measurements

4*2 4-TERMINAL (VIA FRONT

OR

REAR

PANEL)

Connect

the test

lead to

the instrument and

select

Q,

auto-range.

Short the

leads

together and perform

a

null. Connect

the test leads

across

the

unknown

resistance

as

close as possible to the body of the

resistance.

Measurements can

be

taken

by pressing

TRACK

or

TRIGGER.

R

=

unknown

resistance

Fig. 4.5 4 -

terminal connections

for

resistance

measurements

5 DRIFT

CORRECTION

The

instrument

automatically compensates

for internal

drift every 15

minutes but does

not interrupt

a GPIB input

or

a

keyboard trigger. Under

remote control, drift

correction

may

be

turned on

and

off.

For example,

in

tracking

measurements

lasting

longer

than 15

minutes, drift

should

be turned off

for continuity

of

results.

4.4

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

51

Chapter

5

Remote

Control

Para.

Page

1

Introduction

5.3

1.1

Sending

commands

to

the

7061

5.3

1.2

Output

data

formats

5.3

1.3

Address

and

talk/listen

selection

5.3

2

Remote

commands

and

Program

names

5.4

2.1

Command

Index

5.4

2.2

Program

names

5.5

3

Interface

command

language

5.6

4

Command

set--

Verbose

5.6

4.1

BEEp

5.7

4.2

BEGin

5.7

4.3

CALibrate

5.7

4.4

CANcel

5.8

4.5

CHannel

5.8

4.6

CLock

5.9

4.8

DC1

5.10

4.9

DElay

5.10

4.10

DIGits

5.11

4.11

DISplay

5.11

4.12

DRift

5.12

4.13

DUmp

5.12

4.14

ENd

5.13

4.15

EXEcute

5.13

4.16

EXTtrig

5.14

4.17

Filter

5.14

4.18

FOrmat

5.15

4.19

GPib

5.16

4.20

History

5.17

4.21

INItialise

5.17

4.22

INTerval

5.17

4.23

ITime

5.18

4.24

Literals

5.19

4.25

LOckout

5.19

4.26

MEmorv

5.20

4.27

MODE

5.20

4.28

MODIfy

5.21

4.29

MONitor

5.21

4.30

Nines

5.22

4.31

NUU

5.22

4.32

ONTImer

5.22

4.33

ONTRigger

5.23

4.33.1

Trigger

operation

5.24

4.34

OPtion

5.26

BRS/7061/2

5.1

[Chap.

51

Para.

Page

4.35

OUtput

5.27

4.36

PROBes

5.28

4.37

PROGrams

5.29

4.38

RANge

5.29

4.39

RATio

5.30

4.40

RECall

5.30

4.41

RESEt

5.31

4.42

RESUme

5.31

4.43 SC

an

5.32

4.44

SELect

5.32

4.45

SRq

5.33

4.46

STAtus

5.34

4.47

STRing

5.34

4.48

Timer

"

5.35

4.49

TRAck

5.35

4.50

TRIgger

5.36

5

Command

set-Cryptic

5.37

5.1

Mode

5.37

5.2

Range

5.37

5.3

Digits

5.38

5.4

Trigger

5.38

5.5

String

5.38

5.6

Execute

5.39

5.7

The

Colon

Rule

for

cryptic

commands

5.39

6

Programs

5.40

6.1

%deviation

5.41

6.2

Divide

5.41

6.3

Limits

5.42

6.4

Maxmin

5.43

5.5

Offset

5.43

6

SCale

5.44

6.7

STatistics

5.44

7

Error

messages

5.45

8

Using

the

7061

from

the

GPIB

5.46

8.1

Hewlett

Packard

HP85

5.46

8.2

Hewlett

Packard

HP9825

5.50

8.3

Commodore

Pet

4032 &

8032

5.52

9

GPIB

functions

5.54

9.1

Parallel

poll

5.54

9.2

Parallel

poll

sharing

5.55

9.3

Serial

poll

5.55

9.4

Serial

poll

byte

5.55

9.5

Error

indication

5.56

5.2

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

51

1

INTRODUCTION

Full

control

of

all

the

7061

facilities

can

be

achieved

via the

GPIB

using a

suitable

controller.

These

facilities

consist

of

all

those

offered at

the

front

panel,

plus

some

additional

ones. See

chapter

3,

para.

1.2

for

details

of

measurement

handling.

The 7061

will accept

commands

from

the

controller,

initiate

measurements,

and

send

results

back to

the

controller

when

requested.

In

addition

the

7061 can

be

programmed to

interrupt

the

controller

when a

measurement

or an

error

occurs

(see

SRq

command),

thereby

allowing

the

controller

to

conduct

other

tasks

until

interrupted,

and so

increase

instrument

efficiency.

Connection to

the

GPIB

is made

using

the

'IEEE488/GPIB

INTERFACE'

socket

on

the

rear

panel.

The

7061

address

number

and

talk/listen

status

are

selected

using

the

front

panel

'MENU

RESET' key

sequence.

1.1

SENDING

COMMANDS

TO

THE 7061

The

7061 is

controlled by

messages

sent

from

the

controller.

This

is

normally

achieved

by

using

statements

of the

form :

<

Controller-specific

command

>

<7061

Command

string

>

1.1.1

Controller

-specific

command

The

'controller-specific

command'

is

an

instruction

to

the

controller,

such

as

'output

,

'display', 'read'

or

'print'

which

is

expressed

in

the

language

appropriate

for

the

controller

being

used.

Because

one

of

many types

of

controller

could be

used,

and

since

each

has its

own language,

the

precise

statements

cannot be

defined

in this

handbook.

1.1.2

7061

command

string

The

'7061

command

string'

is a

message

which

controls

the

7061.

The

string

consists

of

one

or

more

commands

from the

7061

Command

Set

which

is

shown

in

the

following

section.

The

commands

are also

listed

in

alphabetical

order on

the

contents

page,

5.

1 ,

and

additional

information

is

given

where

appropriate.

Most

commands

consist

of a

command

word

and a

number

(the

argument),

e.g.

ITime

=

1.5.

This

command

would

result

in an

integration

time

of

1

. 5

seconds.

In most

cases,

the

complete

command

word

need

not be

used,

the

essential

part

of each

being

shown

in

block

capitals.

For

some

frequently-used

commands

an even

shorter

'cryptic'

form is

available.

1.2

OUTPUT

DATA

FORMATS

Results are

presented

in different

formats

depending

upon

the

settings

of

the

FOrmat

and

Literals

commands. See

Appendix C

for

details.

For

example:

FOrmat

DVM,

Literals

ON,

the

output

is of the

form

:

"

4

-

1.234567

VDC

CHAN

3”

FOrmat

DVM,

Literals

OFf, the

output

is

of

the

form

:

"

+

1.234567”

1.3

ADDRESS

AND

TALK/LISTEN

SELECTION

For

operation

on

the

GPIB

using

a

controller,

set

the

front

panel

'MENU

RESET’

selections

to

:

"OUTPUT

ON”

"ADDRESS

=

(as

required)”

For

operation

without

a

controller,

select

appropriately,

e.g.

if a

printer

only is

connected:

"OUTPUT

ON”

"TALK

ONLY”

BRS/7061/2

5.3

[Chap.

5]

2

REMOTE

COMMANDS

AND

PROGRAM

NAMES

2.1

COMMAND

LIST

Calibration

CALibrate

Clock

BEGin

CLock

ENd

INTerval

ONTImer

Timer

Measurement

CHannel

DElay

DIGits

DRift

EXTtrig

Filter

ITiiiie

MODE

Nines

NUU

OUtput

PROBes

RANge

RATio

SCan

TRAck

TRIgger

Program

CANcel

MO.DIfy

PROGrams

RECall

RESEt

SELeet

System

BEEp

DC1

DISplay

DUmp

EXEcute

FOrmat

GPib

History

INItialise

Literals

LOckout

MONitor

MEmory

ONTRigger

OPtion

RESUme

SRq

STAtus

ST

Ring

Allows

instrument

calibration.

Selects

start

time

for

the

timer.

Allows

clock

to

be

read or

re-set.

Sets

end

time

for

the

timer.

Defines

interval

between timer

signals.

Defines

action

taken

when timer

signal occurs.

Provides

control

of the

timer.

Selects

channel

to be

measured.

Selects

pre-

measurement

delay

time.

Sets

number

of

digits

in display.

Controls

drift

correction.

Prepares

instrument

for external

trigger.

Switches

filter

on/off.

Selects

measurement

integration time.

Selects

measurement

mode.

Alternative

command

for digits.

Controls

nulling.

Selects

measurement

rate.

Permits use

of accessory

probes.

Selects

measurement

range

or

autorange.

Provides

ratio or

product

facility.

Controls

channel

scanning.

Enables/disables

repetitive

measurements.

Starts a

measurement

sequence.

Deselects

programs.

Enables

changes

to be

made to

an active

program.

Switches

all selected

programs on

or

off.

Permits

examination of

a

selected

program.

Clears

results

of active

programs.

Selects

programs

for use.

Produces a

short tone.

Puts

instrument in

Device

Clear state.

Controls

front

panel

display.

Commands

output

of

data

from history

file.

Executes

a

user-defined

command string.

Selects

output

format.

Configures

the

GPIB.

Clears

measurement

buffer.

Resets

instrument to

default

setting.

Suppresses

non-numerics

in

the output

string.

Enables/disables

front

panel keys.

Selects

channels

to

be

displayed.

Controls

storage

of

a

number

in the

memory

location.

Defines

measurement

sequence

when

trigger

received.

Shows

settings of

configuration

switches.

Determines

condition

of instrument

at

switch-on.

Controls

generation

of the

service

request.

Allows

last

error

detected to be

examined.

Allows

definition

of

user

command

strings.

5.4

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5|

2.2

PROGRAM

NAMES

%deviation

Divide

Limits

Maxmin

Offset

SCale

STatistics

Program

names

can be

used

in

conjunction

with the

program

commands

CANcel,

MODify

,

RECall,

RESEt,

and

SELect

only.

BRS/7061/2

5.5

[Chap.

51

3

INTERFACE COMMAND

LANGUAGE

The interface

command language

for

the

GPIB consists mainly

of

English

language

words (verbose commands).

For example, MODE VDC

RANGE

AUTO

DIGITS

5

All

facilities can

be

controlled

with

commands

of

this

type.

Some of

the commands

are also

available in the shorter

'cryptic’

form.

For

example,

MO

RO

D1

These

are

the

cryptic

forms of the

three

verbose

commands

above.

The

two forms

may

be

mixed if desired.

4 COMMAND SET -VERBOSE

On

the

following

pages the

flow

diagrams

indicate the

necessary syntax for

each

command structure.

The

general flow is

from

left

to

right

(starting

with

the

command

word)

unless an arrowed line indicates

otherwise. Optional items

are indicated

with

by-

pass lines.

A

briefdescription

of

the symbols

used

is given below.

Indicates

a

command word.

Indicates

that

a

user-specified value/text should

be

entered

e.g.

program

-J

constants.

~~J

Indicates

that one of

a

set of pre-defined values/texts should

be entered

e.g. program

options.

These

are

interchangeable

as

far

as the interface ls concerned,

but in the

diagrams,

the

more

natural

character

is used to separate

adjacent items.

(

Commas

may also be

used as separators

here.)

Indicates

the valid end

of

a

command. This

may

be

either

a

colon

if

another command follows within

the

same

command string,

or

the

end of

string

terminator

'LF'

or

'EOF

using the GPIB.

Where

a question mark appears in

a

diagram,

it indicates

that

the

status

of

the particular

command

may

be queried.

For

example,

sending

MODE

?

causes the

instrument

to

return

a

message

such

as

’MODE VDC

REAR'.

Commands

may

be

entered

in

full,

but only those

parts

of

commands printed in upper

case letters

are

essential. For

example, the

command "ontrigger

sample

—

10

”

may be

shortened

to

r

'ontr

s=

10

”.

5.6

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5

1

4.1

BEEp

Produces

a

short

tone

to

draw

attention

to

the

display.

(

8EE

P

)

&

4.2

BEGin

Selects

the

start

time

for

the

Timer.

0<hh<23

0<d<7

0

<

mm

<59

0 <ss<59

If

the

timer

is

set

to

operate

in

elapsed

time,

then

following

enabling,

time

signals

begin

after

a

delay

equal

to

the

BEGin

time.

For

each

Day

specified,

the

delay

is

increased

by

24

hours.

If

the

timer

is

set

to

operate

in

real

time,

then

following

enabling,

time

signals

begin

at

the

BEGin

time.

When

the

Day

is to

be

specified,

the

day

on

which

'Timer

=

Real'

is

set

is

regarded

as

DAY

0.

The

next

day

is

Day

1

and

so

on up

to

Day

7.

4.3

CALibrate

Allows

the

instrument

to

be

calibrated.

It

is

available

only

with

the

front

panel

switch

turned

to

the

CAL

position.

See

chapter

8

for

details

of

calibration.

BRS/7061/2

5.7

[Chap.

5]

4.4

CANcel

De-selects

active

programs.

If

no

programs remain selected

after

using

CANcel,

the

7061 reverts

to

the

PROGram

OFfcondition.

Cancelling

a

program

resets its

results.

User-specified

parameters,

however, are not

altered.

f

4.5 CHannel

Selects

channel

to be

measured.

Channel

}

m

0

<

m

<

9

config. switch

'8’

0

<

m

<

17

config. switch

'16*

Channel 0 is the

normal

input, channel 1

is the

reference input.

Channel

numbers

may be

0-9

or

0-17

depending on

the setting

of

the configuration

switch

(See

chapterl)

and

on

whether or not the

scanner

option is fitted. Alternatives are

shown in the

tables

below.

Probe

and

program processing

may

be

switched

in or out

of

any channel and the kind

of

processing may

be set

up

independently

for

each

channel or

virtual

channel.

Note

that

'virtual'

channels

are

physically connected

through

channel

0.

Thus all

virtual

channel inputs pass

through

the

same connector

and

wiring,

but

may be processed

differently. Processing

for

virtual

channels is set

up in the same

manner

as

for 'normal*

channels.

The position of

the configuration

switch

is read

on

power-up only.

5.8

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5|

Without

scanner

option:

Selected

Channel

0,1

2->

9

10-H7

Configuration

8

five-pole

virtual

switch

setting

16

five-pole

virtual

virtual

With

scanner

option:

Selected

Channel

0,1

2-»9

10-H7

Configuration

8

five-pole

four-pole

switch

setting

16

five-pole

two-pole

two-pole

4.6

CLock

Allows

the

setting

of

the

clock

to be

read

or

re-set.

CLock

jy

0

<hh

<23

0

<

mm

<59

O'

hh.mm.ss

The

query

command

gives

the

present

time.

BRS/7061/2

5.9

[Chap.

5]

4.8

DC1

Causes

the

7061

to

go

to the

(Device

Clear)

state

shown

in

Appendix

A.

All

7061

command

settings

revert

to

the

pre-determined

condition,

although

History

File

results

are unaffected.

The

interface

will behave

as

defined in

the

appendix

on Adopted

Settings.

DC1

is a

duplication of

the

GPIB

interface

command

'Device Clear’.

4.9

DElay

Selects

a

'normal’

pre-measurement

delay

or a

user-defined

one.

DElay

Normal

The

pre-measurement

delay

is

set

automatically

according

to

the

mode,

range

and

number

of digits selected.

DElay User

Defines a

fixed

pre-measurement

delay

in the range

shown.

See

Appendix

B for details.

5.10

BRS/7061/2

I

Chap.

51

4.10

DIGits

Defines

the

number

of

digits ('nines’)

that

are

to

appear

in

each

measurement

result,

together

with

a leading

digit of

0,

1

or

2.

A

measurement

integration

time suited

to

the

measurement mode

and the

number of

digits selected

is

automatically

set

(ITime

Normal).

The

DIGits

command

overrides

the

user-defined

integration

time

(ITime

User).

For

compatibility

with

earlier

instruments,

Nines

may

be

used

instead of

DIGits.

4.11

DISplay

Enables/disables

the

writing of

measurement

values to

the

display,

or allows user-

messages to

be

displayed.

e.g.

’DISplay

[TESTING]’

causes

the

word

TESTING’ to be

displayed.

The command

’DISplay

[textl’ is

unaffected

by

the

OFf/ON state.

BRS/7061/2

5.11

(Chap.

51

4.12

DRift

Controls

drift

correction.

When

ON,

drift

correction

is

done

every 15

minutes

for

5, 6,

and 7

digits.

'DRift

OFf

Turns

drift

correction

off.

'DRift

ON’

Turns correction

on and does

the

first

correction

immediately.

'DRift

Now'

Does

one

correction

immediately

and resets

the

15

minute clock.

The

OFf/ON

state

is unaffected.

4.13

DUmp

Commands

the 7061 to output

data

from

its

history file.

The

latest

file entry is

held

in

location

1,

the earliest

in

location 1000

History

File Access:

DUmp ?

Gives

the

number of

readings

in the history

file.

DUmp

The

complete

contents

of

the tile are output,

beginning

with

location

1.

DUmp'm’

The

content

of location

'm’

is

output.

DUmp 'm’

To

’n’

The contents

of

file

locations

'm’ through 'n’

are output,

starting

with ’m’ and

ending

with

’n'.

For

example,

'DUmp

200

To

101'

will

dump

100 readings

in the

order

taken.

DUmp

Process

Applies probe

and/or

program

processing if these are

selected.

With

'Literals OFf

and

no

post-processing,

readings

are

dumped at faster

than

200

p/s.

If

the

memory

expansion

option is

fitted,

the size

of the

history

file

is

increased

to

8000

locations.

See

'MONitor'

for the

effect of

that

command on

the

DU

mp

command.

5.12

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

51

4.14 ENd

Sets the

end

time

for the timer.

00<hh<23

0<d<7

00

<

mm

<59

00 <ss

<59

If

the

timer

signal

is set

to

operate

in elapsed

time,

then

timer

trigger

signals

cease,

with

a

delay equal

to

ENd time, after the

timer

was

enabled.

For

each Day specified,

the

delay

is increased

by

24 hours.

If the timer is set to

operate in real

time, then

time signals

cease

at the

ENd time. When

the Day is

to be

specified,

the

day on

which

the

timer

is

enabled is regarded

as

DAY 0.

The next day

is Day

1

,

and so on up to Day

7.

4.15

EXEcute

Executes

the

stored

string

(see

STRing

command) of

the specified

number.

r

EXEcutTjy

0<n<9

The

'EXEcute

n*

command should be last on

its

line

as

following

commands are

discarded.

BRS/7061/2

5.13

IChap.

5|

4.16

EXTtrig

Defines

the

external

trigger

signal

recognised

by

the

voltmeter.

'Debounce

ON'

is

for

mechanical

switch

inputs.

The query

command

generates a

single

output

string.

4.17

Filter

Switches

the

filter

on

or

off.

For

ac

measurements,

Filter

improves

low

frequency

response

and

hence

accuracy.

Use

'Filter

ON'

for

all

ac

measurements

of

400Hz

or

below.

For

dc

measurements,

Filter

improves

noise

rejection

by

increasing

measurement

integration

time

fourfold.

The

use

of

the

filter

increases

measurement

integration

and

settling

times.

5.14

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5]

4.18

FOrmat

Selects

interface and

display format.

The diagram of

formats

in Appendix C

shows

the

effect

of

the

different

FOrmat selections

on

the

output.

Binary

format

’Binary*

affects

only the interface. The

display

remains in

*Dvm\

The

binary output

format

used

conforms to

IEEE

754 ’Standard

for Binary

Floating-

point

Arithmetic*. Only single format

is used,

giving

four

byte representation.

Byte 0

Byte

1

Byte 2

Byte

3

Sign:

1

=

Negative

0

=

Positive

7654321

0

76543210

A /

Exponent

Fraction

Bit

7 of byte

1

is

implied

as bit 23 of

the

fraction, and

is equal

to

1.

The exponent

bias is

127,

therefore

number represented

=

(-l)s.2

ex

P

onent

*^^.(l.f)

where

s

=

sign bit

f

=

fraction

and 0 <

exponent

<

255

If exponent

=

0

then

number

=

0

If exponent

=

255

then

number

=

(-l)

s

.<»

When

using

binary format,

it is

recommended

that

the

controller

uses

EOI

as

a

delimiter

and

that the voltmeter

be

configured to send

EOI.

See

*GPib Delimit* command.

BRS/7061/2

5.15

I

Chap.

5

1

4.19

GPib

Configures

the

GPIB.

The

maximum

number

of

delimiter

characters

that

may

be

used

in a

string

is

six.

Eoi

may be

specified

as

one of

the

delimiters

together

with

the

decimal

equivalents

(m)

of

ASCII

characters.

For

example,

the

command

'GP

DEL

EOF

sets

the

output

delimiters

on

the

GPIB

to

Eoi.

'Output

OFf/ON'

affects

only

measurement

results,

not

text.

'Output

[text]'

allows

the

output

of

characters

for

use,

for

example,

as

messages

or

prompts.

The

total

length

of the

command

cannot

exceed

80

characters.

The query

command

produces

1

output

string.

GPIB

talk/listen

and

GPIB

output

on/off

are

unaffected

by

Reset/Initialise/Resume.

See

Appendix

A

for further

details.

5.16

BRS/7061/2

\

i

^ilclp.

•)

i

4.20

History

C

History

Clear

Allows clearance of

the measurement

buffer.

4.21

INItialise

Initialises the

instrument

to

the settings

shown

in appendix A

on

adopted

settings.

c

INItialise

>

All

variables

are reset to

the default

values.

4.22

INTerval

Defines

the

interval which

is to

occur

between

successive

Timer

signals.

00<ss<59

The

same

interval is applied

for both

elapsed

and real time.

For

each Day selected,

24

hours are added

to

the

interval.

BRS/7061/2

5.17

(Chap.

51

4.23

[Time

Selects

either

the

'normal’ or

the

user-defined

time

for

measurement

integration.

With

'ITime

Normal’,

integration

times

are

the

default

values,

which are

predetermined

by

the

number

of

digits,

measurement

mode

and

filter

settings.

These

integration

times

may

be

overridden

by

a

user-defined

integration

time (m),

with

a

resolution

of

0.1s.

In

general,

the

previous

setting

of

DIGits

is

used

to

control

the

number

of

digits

displayed.

When

’ITime

User’

is

selected,

the

number

of

digits

produced

by

each

result

is

still

determined

by

the

DIGits

command.

If,

however,

the

setting

of

DIGits

is

greater

than

is

valid for

the

selected

ITime,

then

the

setting

is

overruled

(but.not

altered).

If the

setting

of

DIGits

is

less

than

is

valid,

only

the

number

of

digits set

is

displayed.

The

breakpoints

are:

User-ITime

Number

of

digits

2.0s

<

ITime

7

0.2s

<

ITime

S

1.9s

6

ITime

=

0.1s

5

Note.

Using

the

DIGits

command

automatically

sets

ITime

to

Normal.

5.18

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5]

4.24 Literals

Suppresses

the non-numeric

portion of

a

result

output string.

With

'Literals

ON’,

a

typical measurement

result

output

string

may

be

:

'

+

2.798450

VDC

CHAN

4’

With

'Literals

OFf

,

the same

output

string

would

be

:

*+

2.798450’

4.25

LOckout

Enables/disables

the action of the

voltmeter front panel

keys.

When in

remote

mode,

all

keys on the front panel of

the voltmeter

are

disabled except for

the LOCAL

key.

'LOckout’ enables

a

GPIB

controller

incapable

of issuing

a

'local

lockout’ (LLO)

command

to

enable/disable the

action of

the LOCAL

key

on

the

front

panel.

Thus the front panel

may

be

completely

disabled.

With lockout on the

following applies:

LOckout ON

The LOCAL

key is disabled

regardless

of

whether LLO

has been sent.

The

GPIB 'go

to

local’ (GTL) command,

or

disabling the

GPIB

remote

enable

line

REN,

will

return

the

voltmeter

to

local

without

local

lockout.

With lockout off the

voltmeter

conforms to the IEEE488 STD.

LOckout OFf Enables

the

LOCAL

key

and

leaves

the

voltmeter in

remote.

BRS/7061/2

5.19

(Chap.

5|

4.26

MEmory

Stores

the

last

displayed

result,

or

a

user-defined

number

in

the

memory

location.

C

MEmory

Store

-10

18

<m<

+

10

18

This

value

may

be

used

when

setting

up

programs

and

when

specifying

capture

values,

as

shown on

the

relevant

syntax

diagrams.

4.27

MODE

Selects

the

required

measurement

mode.

Ovdc and

lOvdc

are

reference

voltages,

used

for

maintenance,

and

selectable

via

the

interface

only.

The

query

command

gives

both

MODE

setting

and

front/rear

switch

setting,

for

example,

’MODE

VDC

REAR'.

The

entire

string

can

be

sent

back

to

the

voltmeter,

but

the

front/rear

word is

ignored.

5.20

BRS/7061/2

I

Chap.

51

4.28 MODIfy

Enables

changes

to

be

made to

an active

program.

Only

parameters requiring

change need be

specified.

Refer

to the section

on Programs.

4.29

MONitor

Displays

and outputs readings from

selected

channels.

Effect

on display:

Monitor All

Monitor

Channel 'm'

SCan

OFf

Display

at normal

rate.

Display

of

channel

'm'

at normal

rate.

(Other

channels

not displayed.)

SCan

ON

Display

at slow rate

Disoiay

of channel

'm'

at

1

according

to scan

normai

rate.

sequence.

Notes:

If

'Monitor Channel m'

is

specified

and no readings

from 'm' are taken,

no

readings

will

be

displayed.

BRS/7061/2

5.21

[Chap.

5

1

4.30

4.31

4.32

Nines

An

alternative

to

the

DIGits

command

for

compatibility

with

earlier

instruments.

Refer

to

'DIGits'.

NUU

Allows

cancellation

of

small dc

offsets

up

to

2%

of

Vdc,

Idc,

Ohms

and

TrueOhms

ranges.

'NUU

Now’

measures

the

input,

stores

it

as

the

null

value

and

enables

nulling.

Nulling

on

auto-range

causes

all

the

ranges

of

the

selected

mode

to be

nulled.

Nulling

on

a

fixed

range

nulls

only

that

range.

'NU11

OFf

;

Disables

nulling

on

the

selected

channel

but

retains

values.

'NUU ON’

;

Enables

nulling

on

the

selected

channel

using

previously

stored

values.

Each

channel

has

its

own

independent

set

of

nulls.

The

null

command

applies to

the

selected

channel.

On

channels

0

and

1,

nulls can

be

held

for

all

nullable

measurement

modes

and

ranges

simultaneously.

On

channels

2...

17,

nulls can

only

be

held

for the

ranges

of any

one

nullable

measurement

mode,

e.g.

for all

ranges

of

Vdc

only.

ONTImer

Defines

the

action

that

the

voltmeter

takes

when

a

time

signal

occurs.

^

ONTImer

Command

m

String

The default

command

string

is

TRIgger.

The

command

string

is

delimited

by a

line feed.

Any

character

except

LF

(line feed)

may

appear

within

the

command.

The

ONTImer

command

must be

the last

on any

one

line.

As an

example,

’ONTImer

TRIgger

:

CLock?

’

produces

time-recorded

measurements.

The query

command

gives

two

strings,

in

this

example

-

’ontimer’

'trigger :

clock?'.

5.22

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

51

4.33

ONTRigger

Defines the

kind

of

measurement

made

when the

voltmeter

receives

a

trigger.

'ONTRigger

Sample’

TRIgger starts

a

series of

'm’

measurements.

The

default value

is m

=

1.

If

SCan

is on,

'm’ scan sequences are made.

'ONTRigger Burst’ Makes a

series

of 'n’

readings at

the rate of

1500

per second.

'ONTRigger

Gated’

A

measurement

starts

within

1ms of

one

TRIgger

and

finishes

within

1ms

of

the

next.

'ONTRigger Capture’

TRIgger starts

repetitive measurement. When

a

measured

result

is

Above

or

Below a

user-defined

value

'p’

(or memory

value),

a series of

'q’

Overrun

measurements

is made.

'ONTRigger Burst’ forces the

following

conditions:

Digits

4,

Filter

Off, Ratio Off, Scan

Off,

Track

Off,

Output

Normal.

When

using

Burst, the

instrument

must

be

in

one of the

following

measurement

modes:

Vdc, Idc,

K

ohms:-0.1-»1000KQ

ranges,

with RANge not

set

to Auto.

Attempted use

in any

other

mode

will generate an

error. Also, the receipt

of any

command

other than

TRIgger

will change the setting to

’ONTRigger

Sample’.

BRS/7061/2

5.23

[Chap.

5]

4.33.1

TRIGGER

OPERATION

Sampled

Measurements

Sampled

measurement

starts

on

receipt

of

a

trigger

and

continues

for

1 to

1000

measurements

(or

1

to

8000,

with

the

memory

expansion

option),

as

defined

by

the

user.

Maximum

speed

with 4

digits set

is

1000

readings

per

second.

Gated

measurements

, _

.

,

,

tl

.

,

„

n

.

.

A

gated

measurement

starts

within

1ms

of

one

trigger

and

finishes

within

1ms

of

the

next. Gated

measurements

may

be

made

in

all

measurement

modes

except

True

ohms,

and

RATIO

must

be

off.

Also,

fixed

range

should

be

selected

and

SCAN

must

be

off,

although

any

channel

may

be

used.

Captured

Measurements

, ,

.

.

To

'capture’

measurements

the

voltmeter

starts

measuring

continuously

(as

in

TRACK)

on

receipt

ot

a

trigger.

When

a

measurement

result

reaches

the

pre-defined

value

(Above

=

,

or

Below

-),

the

voltmeter

continues

until

a

pre-defined

number

Overrun

measurements

has

been

made,

and

then

stops.

By

varying

the

Overrun

value,

the

first

captured

measurement

may

be

positioned

at

any

convenient

point

in

the

History

file.

This

gives

a

choice

of

the

number

of

results

available

for

examination

before

and

after

an

event.

,

.

The

front

panel

trigger

LED

is

lit

during

capture

and

overrun.

Captured

measurements

may be

made

in

any

measurement

mode

and

RATIO

may

still

be

used.

Capture

can

be

made

on

any

channel,

but

its

selection

turns

off

SCAN.

Maximum

speed

with

4

digits

set

is

1000

readings

per

second.

level

ABOVE

=

K

XXX

.XX

x

Defined

number

of

overrun

measurements

X

X

X

X

XX

X

time

trigger

f

first

overrun

result

f

stopf

Integral

Function

When

the

integral

option

is

selected

(see

trigger

operations

on

the

previous

page)

the

voltmeter

automatically

performs

a

time

integration,

multiplying

the

value

of

measured

quantity

by

the

time

(in

seconds).

The

'INTG'

in

the

display

or

’INTEG’

across

the

interface

indicates

that

an

integration

has

been

taken.

If

the

voltmeter

is

used

to

measure

voltage,

or

current,

or

resistance,

the

units

for these

respective

intergrations

will be

mA-seconds,

V-seconds,

or

k

(1-seconds.

For

sampled

or

captured

measurements

the

integral

function

uses

either

the

standard

integration

time

(defined

by

the

number

of

digits

selected),

or

the

user-defined

ITIME.

(Refer

to

Digits

key.

Chapter

3,

section

9.)

.

.

,

,,

For

gated

measurements

the

integral

function

takes

the

time

between

the

starting

trigger

and the

terminating

trigger.

Burst

Measurements

The

fastest

way

of

making

readings

(1500

p/s),

in

a

series

of

pre-defined

length.

Notes.

If a

TRIgger

is

sent

before

the

previous

measurement

has

finished,

readings

cease

to

be

output

from

the

first

measurement

but

may

still

be

available

in

the

H

istory

file

unless

overwritten

by

the

second

measurement.

If

more

than

one

TRIgger

command

is

used

in a

single

line

of

instruction,

and

data

from

a

later

TRIgger

command

'runs

into'

data

from

the

first,

in

the

History

file,

then

the

error

message

'HISTORY

OVERFLOW'

is

output.

The

total

number

of

measurements

generated

in

one

line

of

instruction

cannot

exceed

the

number

of

memory

locations.

5.24

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5]

Example

of

a

'CAPTURE'

measurement

1000

readings in memory

To set

up

the

voltmeter to

'capture' a

waveform

knowing

that the

final output

is 10

volts:-

Use

:

"

ONTRIGGER

CAPTURE

ABOVE

=

10.0

OVERRUN

=

900

”

Then:

"TRIGGER”

After the

triggered

measurement,

there

are

1000

readings

in the

History

file

consisting

of 100

readings

made up

to

and

including

the

event

and 900

overrun

readings

made

after

the

event.

Thus

the

complete

waveform

may be

recorded.

External

Triggering.

When

external

triggering

is used,

the

voltmeter

should

be

told

what

sort of

trigger to

expect,

i.e.

positive

or

negative

edge,

de-bounce

off

or on.

(Debounce

is for

mechanical

switch

inputs.)

This can be

done

through

the

EXTTRIG command.

'ExtTrig'

is

a

BNC

input

connector

on

the

rear

panel, using

TTL

signal

levels.

On receipt

of an

'ExtTrig'

trigger

signal,

there is

the

same

effect

as

if

the

front panel

TRIGGER key

had been

pressed.

TrigComplete

signal

The

'TrigComplete'

socket

is

a

rear

panel

BNC output

which

is

normally

high

but

which

pulses

low for

typically

4ps,

after the

completion

of the

measurement

sequence.

This

pulse

may be

used,

for example,

to

advance

external

circuitry such as

a

scanner.

During

captured

measurements,

the pulse

is

output on

the

first

occurence

of

a

measured

value

outside

the

capture

limit.

The output

is

high again

throughout

overrun.

When

using the

LIMITS

program,

if

'ALARM ON'

is

selected,

a

pulse

is

output

each

time

an

out-of-limits

measurement

is

made.

CAUTION.

Sending a

new

Trigger from

any source,

or

sending any

other

command,

before the

previous

measurement

has been

completed, stops

the

present

action

and

starts

a new

one.

BRS/7061/2

5.25

[Chap.

51

4.34

OPtion

Allows the

settings

of

configuration

switches

to be

examined

over the

interface.

OPtion

~y

(^)

(^)

Configuration

can be

changed

only by

alteration

of

mechanical

switches

followed by a

RESET.

"OPTION?”

returns a

number

in

the

range 0

to

32767.

This corresponds

to

a

16-bit

binary

number.

The binary

values

have

the

meanings

shown

below.

The

controller must

have a

BIT

or

AND command to

decode

the

decimal

number.

decimal

value

bit

1

2

0

1

|

line

frequency

selection*

4

2

ALWAYS

SET TO

ONE

8

3

70612

option^. 1

=

8

channel

16

4

:

32

5

64

6

128

7

256

8

512

9

1024

10

70613

option,

1=

fitted

2048

11

Normal/Cal,

1

=

normal

4096

12

Front/Rear,

1

=

front

8192

13

16384

14

7061/7062

1

=

7062

32768

15

ALWAYS

SET TO ZERO

*

Line

frequency

0=

50Hz

^70612

0=

16,

2-pole

channels

1

=

400Hz

1

=

8,

4-pole

channels

2

=

60Hz

3=

50Hz

Options

list:

70612

Scanner

70613

Memory

expansion,

8000

locations

Example:

Transmit

'OPtion?'

to

instrument

Returns

with

'2054'

This

corresponds

to:

2054

7061

0

rear

input

0

Normal

(not

Cal)

2048

6

no

memory

expansion

0

16

channel

scanner

0

bit

two

always set

to

one

4

2

60

Hz

line

frequency

2
0

5.26

BRS/7061/2

LChap.

5

1

4.35

OUtput

Selects

output

rate

on the

GPIB.

c

OUtput

'OUtput

Normal’

Gives

results at

10

per

second

and

allows

fast

input

at

1000

readings

per

second.

This is

the

default

condition

of

the

voltmeter.

&

'OUtput

Fast’

Gives

a

continuous

output

rate

of

up

to

500

per

second

with

track

on.

A

new

reading

starts

when the

previous

one

has

been

output.

An

individually

triggered

reading

may

be

output

to

the

bus

within 3ms (4

digits).

'OUtput

Fast’

forces

the

following

conditions:

Digits

4

Filter

Off

Ratio

Off

Scan

Off

Format:-

Eng

is

changed

to

Dvm

Ontrigger

Sample

Also,

all

the

front

panel

keys

are

disabled,

with all

the

LEDs

out.

The

following

settings

are

assumed,

although

present

settings

are

not

altered:

Display

Off

Probes

Off

Programs

Off

(The

display reads

'DISPLAY

OFF')

When using

'OUtput

Fast',

the

instrument

must be

in

one

of

the

following

measurement

modes:

Vdc,

Idc,

K ohms:-

0.1—

»T000

KO

ranges.

Attempted

use

in

any

other

mode

will generate

an

error.

See

Appendix

B for

details

of

measurement

timings.

BRS/7061/2

5.27

IChap.

51

4.36

PROBes

Permits use

of

accessory

probes.

Probe

processing

may be

switched

in

or

out

of any

channel

and the

kind

of

processing

may be

set

up

independently

for

each

channel.

'PROBe

Off

Deselects

any

probe

already

in use.

'PROBe

Hv’

Enables a

high

voltage

probe

to be

used

on

channel

0,

and

sets

the

voltmeter to

VDC

Autorange.

All

results

are

multiplied

by 100

to

give

displayed

results

in

volts.

'PROBe

Shunt’

Enables

a

current

shunt

to be

used,

and sets

the

voltmeter

to

the

appropriate

function

(Idc

or

lac),

autorange

and

divides

all

the

results

by

the

user-defined

shunt

resistance,

R. Results

are

displayed

in

milliamps.

5.28

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5]

'PROBe

Prt’

Enables a

platinum

resistance

thermometer

(prt) to

be

used,

sets

the

voltmeter

to

Kohm,

Autorange

and

linearises

all

measurements

to

give

the

required

units.

The

user

specifies

prt

resistance

RO

(resistance

at

0°C),

normal

or

trueohm

measurement,

and

the

required

display,

either

Celcius,

Fahrenheit

or

Kelvin.

Results

are

displayed

as

temperatures.

'PROBe

Off is

selected

automatically

when

a

mode

command

is

received.

4.37

PROGrams

Switches

all SELected

programs

on

or

off

for

the

present

channel

selection.

^

PROGrams

>

When a

program

is

SELected,

’PROGrams’

is

automatically

set

’ON’.

If

all

programs

are

cancelled,

’PROGrams’

is set

’OFf.

4.38

RANge

Selects

either a

fixed

measurement

range,

or

autorange.

'RANge

Auto’

enables

range

changing

to

suit

the

input

signal. Not

all

ranges

are

available

for

all

measurement

modes,

but

no

error is

produced

if

an

illegal

range

is

selected.

BRS/7061/2

5.29

[Chap.

5]

4.39

RATio

Divides or

multiplies the

present

measured

value

by

the

value

from

a

specified

channel.

The default

value is

n=

1,

ie.

the reference

channel.

4.40

RECall

Permits

examination of

settings

and

results

of active

programs.

c

RECall

>

'RECall

All’ causes output

of

the

number of

active

programs,

followed by the

names

of

the

programs

in

their

order of

selection.

'RECall

"Program name’”

causes

output

of

all

settings

and

results of

the

specified active

program.

5.30

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5]

4.41

RESEt

Clears

the

results,

(if

any),of

an

active

program.

Its

settings

are

unaffected.

RESEt

J)-

Program

name

*

4.42

RESUme

Determines

the

condition of

the

instrument

at

switch-on.

'RESUme

OFf causes

the

instrument

to

"INITIALISE”

when next

switched

on,

ie. a

full

reset

occurs.

'RESUme

ON’

causes

the

instrument

to

"RESUME”

its

previous

settings,

i.e.

measurement

set-up

and.probe

and

program

parameters,

when

next

switched

on.

This

is

provided to

allow

continued

operation

after

a

power

failure.

See

appendix

A

on

Adopted

Settings.

BRS/7061/2

5.31

[Chap.

5]

4.43 SCan

Switches channel

scan on or

off and

enables selection of

channels to

be scanned.

Up

to 18

channels

may

be

included

in

a

scan

sequence.

Channels

may

be

set

in

any

order

in

a

scan

command.

Channels

are scanned

in

the

order in which they

were

set

in

the command.

The same channel

may

appear

more than once.

Virtual

channels

may also be

scanned.

See 'CHannel* command section

for

channel details.

For

important timing information

concerning scanning,

see

Appendix B.

If

the

power fails during

a

scan sequence,

when power is restored the next scan

sequence

starts

at the beginning again, not at the

point where

the

power failed.

See

Appendix A for

details

of

track

and trigger

after

a

power

failure.

4.44

SELect

Calls-up programs

for

use,

and allows setting

of parameters.

5.32

BRS/7061/2

[Chap,

bj

f

4.45

SRq

Controls

generation

of the

service

request.

SRq

Error

ON

Srq

generated

when,

a)

Command

cannot

be

interpreted.

b)

Command

cannot

be

executed.

c)

Calibration

fault

occurs.

d)

Input

message

too

long (>

80

characters).

SRq

Output

ON

Srq

when

output

is

available.

Output

may be

measurement

data,

user

messages

etc..

SRq

Ready

ON

Srq

when

a

measurement

operation

is

completed

and

the

voltmeter

goes

to

the

'not

busy’

state.

SRq

User

ON

Srq

when

the

front

panel

Srq

key

is

pressed.

Alternatively,

an

Srq

may

be

specified

by its

serial

poll status

number,

i.e.

:

SRq

32

Srq

on

error.

SRq8

Srq

when

output

available.

SRq

16

Srq

when

voltmeter

ready.

SRq 4

Srq

from

front

panel

key.

Serial

poll

numbers

may

be

combined,

e.g.

:

SRq

40

Srq

on

error’

and

'output

available’.

The query

command

provides

a

string

in the

iorm

’SRQ

nn\

BRS/7061/2

5.33

[Chap.

5]

4.46

STAtus

Allows

the

last

error

detected (if any)

to be

examined.

An

output

.

string

generated in response

to

this

command

contains

an

error

number

followed

by a brief

descriptive

phrase.

The

position of the

error number in

the

string

is

fixed.

Once

reported,

the error

status reverts to the

no error condition.

A typical

response

to

the

command

might

be:

'ERROR 13 PROGRAM

NOT SELECTED’

Note

:

The

error

message

can be read

once

only.

It is replaced

by

the

message 'ERROR

00 OK’.

4.47

STRing

Allows

user-definition

of 10 strings.

Up

to 10

command

sequences may

be

stored, then

executed

at any time

by specifying the

required

number, using

the

EXEcute

command.

The

commands

must

be

delimited

by a

line

feed, and

colons

are

allowed between

characters

(as

with

the

ONTimer

command).

The

query command

gives

eleven

lines,

'S’

plus

the

ten command

strings.

5.34

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5]

4.48

Timer

Provides

control

of

the

timer.

When

the

timer

is

enabled,

trigger

signals

begin

according

to

the

'BEGin'

command

setting

and

end

according

to

the

’ENd’

command

setting.

The

period

between

successive

triggers

is

set

by

the

'INTerval'

command.

'Timer

OFf

De-selects

the

timer

(without

affecting

the

setting

of

the

clock).

'Timer

Real’

After

enabling,

timer

trigger

signals

begin

at

the

BEGin

time.

Timer

signals

cease

at

the

ENd

time.

When

the

Day

is to

be

specified,

the

day

on

which

the

timer

is

enabled

is

regarded

as

DAY 0.

The

next

day

is

Day

I,

and

so

on

up

to

Day

7.

'Timer

Elapsed’

Following

enabling,

a

trigger

must

be

sent,

then

time

signals

begin

after

a

delay

equal

to

the

BEGin

time.

For

each

Day

specified,

the

delay

is

increased

by

24

hours.

Trigger

signals

cease

with

a

delay

equal

to

ENd

time

after

the

timer

was

enabled.

For

each

Day

specified,

the

delay

is

increased

by

24

hours.

See

Appendix

A

for

details

of

resume

conditions

in

the

event

of

a

power

failure

when

the

timer

is

on.

4.49

TRAck

Enables/disables

repetitive

measurement.

TRAck ON’

Causes

self

triggering

and

repetitive

measurement.

'TRAck

OFf

Inhibits

the

facility.

This

condition

is

forced

when

a

TRIgger

is

received.

BRS/7061/2

5.35

[Chap.

5]

4.50

TRIgger

Starts

a measurement sequence.

TRIgger

^)-

The

measurement

sequence that occurs is

defined

by

the

set-up

of

the

'ONTRigger'

command.

TRIgger

turns TRAck off.

5.36 BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5]

5

COMMAND

SET

—

CRYPTIC

Cryptic

commands

are

available

for

Mode,

Range,

Digits,

Trigger,

String

and

Execute.

In

general,

the

command

syntax

is

is

that

of a

single

character

followed

by

an

integer

argument

or

a

command

string.

Separators

are

not

required

between

commands

and

spaces

are

ignored.

The

optional

use

of

colons

is

explained

at

the

end

of

the

section.

5.1

5.2

MODE

Selects

measurement

mode.

«

RECALL

«

VDC

*

VAC

*

KOHM

*•

IDC

*

IAC

•*

TRUEOHM

•*

Future

use.

**

Future

use.

*

OVDC

-*

10VDC

RECALL

AUTO

0.1

1

10

100

^

1000

^

10000

The

query

command,

R?,

produces

a

response

in

the

form

Ra[3,

where

a

-

0

for

fixed

range

or 1

for

autorange,

and (3=

1—

>6

according

to

range,

as

above.

BRS/7061/2

5.37

[Chap.

5]

5.3

DIGITS

Selects

number

of

digits.

5*4

TRIGGER

Generates

a trigger.

5o5

STRING

Sets

up

command

strings.

G>

0<n<9

Command

String

The

command

string

can

contain

a

mixture

of

cryptic

and

verbose

commands

provided

that

the

'colon

rule'

is observed

(see

below).

Strings

are

blank

until

programmed

and

the

query

command

outputs

1 1

lines,

'S'

then

one

line

for

each

command

string.

For

example,

use string

3 to

program

'Reset,

lOkO

range,

make

2

measurements',

and

then

execute

the

sequence

using 'X3'.

S3[DC1:M2R3GG1X3

5.38

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5]

5.6

EXECUTE

Executes

command

strings.

0<n<9

The

string

of

the

specified

number

will be

executed.

If

the

selected

string

is

not

programmed,

it

will

have

no

effect.

Any

commands

following

an

'EXEcute'

will be

ignored,

as

control

passes

to

the

specified

string.

5.7

THE

COLON

RULE

FOR

CRYPTIC

COMMANDS

Colons

are

optional

within

totally

cryptic

commands.

If

a

verbose

form

is

used

as

part

of

a

command

however,

a

colon

must

follow

it.

For

example:

M1R3D2GG

O.K.

M1:R3:G

O.K.

M2RANGE

2GG

ERROR

M2:

RANGE

2GG

ERROR

M2

RANGE

2:GG

O.K.

BRS/7061/2

5.39

[Chap.

5]

PROGRAMS

These

are

not

commands

and

can

be

used in

conjunction

with

the

program

commands

SELect, RECall,

MODify,

RESEt,

or CANcel

only.

There

are seven

programs

in

the

instrument:

%deviation

Divide

Limits Maxmin

Offset

Scale

Statistics

Each

of

the programs

may

be

in

one

of

two

states:-

Active or

Idle.

Programs

SELECTed

are held

in

the

Active

list

whilst

unused

programs

remain in

the

Idle

list.

Selecting

and

setting

up a

program

transfers

it

from the Idle

list

to the

Active

list;

cancelling

a

program

has

the

reverse

effect.

SELECT

IDLE

ACTIVE

list

<

list

(unused

programs)

CANCEL

(programs in

use)

%

Programs

may

be

used

individually,

or

linked

together

to

perform

more

complex

computations,

in

which

case they

are

executed in

their

order

of

selection.

Note

that

a

program

can

appear

once only

in

a sequence of

programs.

Program

processing

may

be switched

in or

out

of any

channel

and

the kind

of

processing

may

be set up

independently

for

eaeh.channel

or virtual

channel.

Action

of program

commands

on

programs:

Causes

programs in

the Idle

list

to

be

selected.

The

display

prompts

the

setting

up

of

program

options

and

variables.

Allows

details

of

an

Active

program

to

be

examined.

Options,

constants,

and

results

can

be displayed

by repeatedly

pressing

'skip'.

Permits

new

options

or constants

to

be put into

Active

programs

by

overwriting

the

old

ones.

Erases

the

results

of Active

programs

either

one

program

at a

time or

all

at

once.

Returns

programs

from

the Active

to the

Idle list.

Constants

are not

altered

but

results

are

automatically

reset.

Measurement

rates

are

slowed

by

pre-processing.

The

extra

delay

per

measurement

is

from

1ms

to 30ms

depending

on

the

processing applied.

5.40

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5]

6.1

%deviation

Computes

the

percentage

deviation

of

an

input

from

a

user-defined

nominal

value

N.

c

%deviation

n

=

value of

constant*

N

-10

lS

<n<

+

10

18

Calling

the

measured

value

x

t

then

the %

deviation

is

given

by:

y

=

100

(

x-N

)

/

N

6*2

Divide

Takes

the

measured

input

x

and

acts

on

it

in

one

of

six

ways

with

a

user-defined

constant

N,

giving

an

output

y.

1)

X/N

y

=

x N

2)

N/X

y=

N +x

3)

XX/N

y

=

x"

-

5

-

N

4)

DBX/N

y

=

201ogioU

-s-N)

5)

DBN/X

y=201ogio(N

-5-

x)

6)

DBXX/N

y

=

201ogio(x

2

-5-

N)

Outputs

4,

5

and

6

are

the

decibel

(dB)

equivalents

of

outputs

1,

2

and

3

respectively.

BRS/7061/2

5.41

[Chap.

5]

6*3

Limits

Compares each

input value x

with two user-defined

limits

H

and

L.

Each input value

x is put into one or more

of four categories:

1)

Hi x>H

2)

Lo

x<L

3)

Go

L<x<H

4)

Nogox>Horx<L

Outputs are available either from individual categories

or

from all.

If Alarm

ON is

selected,

a

low,

approximately

4ps pulse is output to the

Trig Complete'

(LINEO)

socket each

time an out-of-limits

measurement is

made.

The

number

of results in

each category

is stored and 'RECall Limits'

generates 5

strings

giving

both set-up information

and

the

categorised results.

5.42

BRS/7061/2

[Chap.

5]

6.4

Maxmin

Records

the

minimum

and

maximum

values

of inputs,

x,

and the

difference between

them.

Output,

y,

may

be

selected

from:

Input

y

=

x

MAx

y

—

present

maximum

value

of x

Min

y

=

present

minimum

value

of

x

Pp

y—

present peak-to-peak

(difference)

value between

max. and min.

x.

MAx, Min

and

Pp

are available

for

RECall,

together with the total

number of

input

values,

giving

5 output

strings.

6.5 Offset

Adds

a

user-defined

constant,

C,

to the

measured

value.

BRS/7061/2

5.43

Multiplies input

by a

user-denned

constant

M

Default value, n

=

1

STatisti^cs

*

Computes statistics

from

a

series

of

n

inputs,

x,

to

give outputs,

y

.

Input

y

=

x

Mean

xJn

—

x

l

=S

V(

V

(x.-x)

Z

!n

I

=

^

(x.

—

x)

2

/rc

ft

ms

y=\/(

^

x?/n)

i

=

L.../I

'RECall STatistics' generates 6

strings.

5.44

BRS/7061/2