SMC Networks SMC6724L3 User Manual

TigerSwitch 10/100

24-Port Layer 3 Switch

◆ 24 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX auto-MDI/MDI-X ports

◆ Optional 1000BASE-T or 1000BASE-X GBIC modules

◆ 8.8 Gbps aggregate bandwidth

◆ Non-blocking switching architecture

◆ Support for redundant power unit

◆ Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol

◆ Supports up to 6 static or dynamic trunks

◆ Layer 2/3/4 CoS support through four priority queues

◆ Full support for VLANs with GVRP

◆ IGMP multicast filtering and snooping

◆ Layer 3 routing for unicast and multicast traffic

◆ Authentication via RADIUS, ACLs, or IEEE 802.1x

◆ Manageable via console, Web, SNMP/RMON

Management Guide

SMC6724L3

TigerSwitch 10/100 Management Guide

From SMC’s Tiger line of feature-rich workgroup LAN solutions

38 Tesla Irvine, CA 92618 Phone: (949) 679-8000

October 2003

Pub. # 150200033700A

Information furnished by SMC Networks, Inc. (SMC) is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SMC for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SMC. SMC reserves the right to change specifications at any time without notice.

SMC Networks, Inc.

38 Tesla

Irvine, CA 92618

Trademarks:

SMC is a registered trademark; and TigerSwitch is a trademark of SMC Networks, Inc. Other product and company names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

IMITED

Limited Warranty Statement: SMC Networks, Inc. (“SMC”) warrants its products to be free from defects in workmanship and materials, under normal use and service, for the applicable warranty term. All SMC products carry a standard 90-day limited warranty from the date of purchase from SMC or its Authorized Reseller. SMC may, at its own discretion, repair or replace any product not operating as warranted with a similar or functionally equivalent product, during the applicable warranty term. SMC will endeavor to repair or replace any product returned under warranty within 30 days of receipt of the product.

The standard limited warranty can be upgraded to a Limited Lifetime* warranty by registering new products within 30 days of purchase from SMC or its Authorized Reseller. Registration can be accomplished via the enclosed product registration card or online via the SMC web site. Failure to register will not affect the standard limited warranty. The Limited Lifetime warranty covers a product during the Life of that Product, which is defined as the period of time during which the product is an “Active” SMC product. A product is considered to be “Active” while it is listed on the current SMC price list. As new technologies emerge, older technologies become obsolete and SMC will, at its discretion, replace an older product in its product line with one that incorporates these newer technologies. At that point, the obsolete product is discontinued and is no longer an “Active” SMC product. A list of discontinued products with their respective dates of discontinuance can be found at: http://www.smc.com/index.cfm?action=customer_service_warranty.

All products that are replaced become the property of SMC. Replacement products may be either new or reconditioned. Any replaced or repaired product carries either a 30-day limited warranty or the remainder of the initial warranty, whichever is longer. SMC is not responsible for any custom software or firmware, configuration information, or memory data of Customer contained in, stored on, or integrated with any products returned to SMC pursuant to any warranty. Products returned to SMC should have any customer-installed accessory or add-on components, such as expansion modules, removed prior to returning the product for replacement. SMC is not responsible for these items if they are returned with the product.

Customers must contact SMC for a Return Material Authorization number prior to returning any product to SMC. Proof of purchase may be required. Any product returned to SMC without a valid Return Material Authorization (RMA) number clearly marked on the outside of the package will be returned to customer at customer’s expense. For warranty claims within North America, please call our toll-free customer support number at (800) 762-4968. Customers are responsible for all shipping charges from their facility to SMC. SMC is responsible for return shipping charges from SMC to customer.

ARRANTY

WARRANTIES EXCLUSIVE: IF AN SMC PRODUCT DOES NOT OPERATE AS WARRANTED ABOVE, CUSTOMER’S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF THE PRODUCT IN QUESTION, AT SMC’S OPTION. THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, EITHER IN FACT OR BY OPERATION OF LAW, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. SMC NEITHER ASSUMES NOR AUTHORIZES ANY OTHER PERSON TO ASSUME FOR IT ANY OTHER LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE OR USE OF ITS PRODUCTS. SMC SHALL NOT BE LIABLE UNDER THIS WARRANTY IF ITS TESTING AND EXAMINATION DISCLOSE THE ALLEGED DEFECT IN THE PRODUCT DOES NOT EXIST OR WAS CAUSED BY CUSTOMER’S OR ANY THIRD PERSON’S MISUSE, NEGLECT, IMPROPER INSTALLATION OR TESTING, UNAUTHORIZED ATTEMPTS TO REPAIR, OR ANY OTHER CAUSE BEYOND THE RANGE OF THE INTENDED USE, OR BY ACCIDENT, FIRE, LIGHTNING, OR OTHER HAZARD.

LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: IN NO EVENT, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), SHALL SMC BE LIABLE FOR INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, OR FOR LOSS OF REVENUE, LOSS OF BUSINESS, OR OTHER FINANCIAL LOSS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, USE, PERFORMANCE, FAILURE, OR INTERRUPTION OF ITS PRODUCTS, EVEN IF SMC OR ITS AUTHORIZED RESELLER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR THE LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS AND EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO STATE. NOTHING IN THIS WARRANTY SHALL BE TAKEN TO AFFECT YOUR STATUTORY RIGHTS.

* SMC will provide warranty service for one year following discontinuance from the active SMC price list. Under the limited lifetime warranty, internal and external power supplies, fans, and cables are covered by a standard one-year warranty from date of purchase.

SMC Networks, Inc.

38 Tesla

Irvine, CA 92618

ONTENTS

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1

Key Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Description of Software Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

System Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

2 Initial Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Connecting to the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Configuration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Required Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Remote Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Basic Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Console Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Setting Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

Setting an IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

Manual Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

Dynamic Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Enabling SNMP Management Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Community Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Trap Receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

Saving Configuration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

Managing System Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

3 Configuring the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Using the Web Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Navigating the Web Browser Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Home Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Configuration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Panel Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Basic Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12

Displaying System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12

Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14

Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16

Setting the Switch’s IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17

Manual Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

vii

ONTENTS

Using DHCP/BOOTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20

Managing Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

Downloading System Software from a Server . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

Saving or Restoring Configuration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Downloading Configuration Settings from a Server . . . . . 3-24

Setting the System Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25

Configuring SNTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26

Setting the Time Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Resetting the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28

User Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28

Configuring the Logon Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28

Configuring Local/Remote Logon Authentication . . . . . . . . . 3-30

Configuring 802.1x Port Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32

Displaying 802.1x Global Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34

Configuring 802.1x Global Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-36

Configuring Port Authorization Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38

Displaying 802.1x Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-39

Access Control Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41

Configuring Access Control Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41

Setting the ACL Name and Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42

Configuring a Standard IP ACL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43

Configuring an Extended IP ACL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44

Configuring a MAC ACL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47

Binding a Port to an Access Control List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49

Simple Network Management Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Setting Community Access Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Specifying Trap Managers and Trap Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-53

Configuring DHCP Relay Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-53

Configuring the DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-55

Enabling the Server, Setting Excluded Addresses . . . . . . . 3-56

Configuring Address Pools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-57

Displaying Address Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-62

Port Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63

Displaying Connection Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63

Configuring Interface Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-67

Setting Broadcast Storm Thresholds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69

viii

ONTENTS

Configuring Port Mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70

Showing Port Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71

Configuring Rate Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-77

Trunk Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-79

Dynamically Configuring a Trunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-80

Statically Configuring a Trunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-82

Address Table Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-84

Setting Static Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-84

Displaying the Address Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-85

Changing the Aging Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-87

Spanning Tree Algorithm Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-87

Displaying Global Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-89

Configuring Global Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-92

Displaying Interface Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-95

Configuring Interface Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-99

VLAN Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-102

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-102

Assigning Ports to VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-103

Forwarding Tagged/Untagged Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-106

Enabling or Disabling GVRP (Global Setting) . . . . . . . . . . . 3-107

Displaying Basic VLAN Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-107

Displaying Current VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-108

Creating VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-110

Adding Static Members to VLANs (VLAN Index) . . . . . . . . 3-111

Adding Static Members to VLANs (Port Index) . . . . . . . . . . 3-113

Configuring VLAN Behavior for Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-114

Configuring Private VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-118

Enabling Private VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-118

Configuring Uplink and Downlink Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-119

Class of Service Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-120

Setting the Default Priority for Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-120

Mapping CoS Values to Egress Queues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-122

Setting the Service Weight for Traffic Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-124

Mapping Layer 3/4 Priorities to CoS Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-125

Selecting IP Precedence/DSCP Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-126

Mapping IP Precedence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-127

Mapping DSCP Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-129

ONTENTS

Mapping IP Port Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-131

Copying IP Settings to Another Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-133

Multicast Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-134

IGMP Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-135

Layer 2 IGMP (Snooping and Query) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-136

Configuring IGMP Snooping Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-137

Displaying Interfaces Attached to a Multicast Router . . 3-139

Specifying Static Interfaces for a Multicast Router . . . . . 3-140

Displaying Port Members of Multicast Services . . . . . . . 3-142

Assigning Ports to Multicast Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-143

Layer 3 IGMP (Query used with Multicast Routing) . . . . . . . 3-144

Configuring IGMP Interface Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-145

Displaying Multicast Group Information . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-148

IP Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-149

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-149

Initial Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-150

IP Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-151

Routing Path Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-152

Routing Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-152

Basic IP Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-154

Configuring IP Routing Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-155

Address Resolution Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-157

Proxy ARP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-158

Basic ARP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-159

Configuring Static ARP Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-160

Displaying Dynamically Learned ARP Entries . . . . . . . . 3-161

Displaying Local ARP Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-163

Displaying ARP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-164

Displaying Statistics for IP Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-165

IP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-165

ICMP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-168

UDP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-170

TCP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-171

Configuring Static Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-172

Displaying the Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-173

Configuring the Routing Information Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . 3-175

Configuring General Protocol Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-176

ONTENTS

Specifying Network Interfaces for RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-178

Configuring Network Interfaces for RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-179

Displaying RIP Information and Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . 3-183

Configuring the Open Shortest Path First Protocol . . . . . . . . 3-186

Configuring General Protocol Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-188

Configuring OSPF Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-192

Configuring Area Ranges (Route Summarization for ABRs)

Configuring OSPF Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-198

Configuring Virtual Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-204

Configuring Network Area Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-206

Configuring Summary Addresses (for External AS Routes)

Redistributing External Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-210

Configuring NSSA Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-212

Displaying Link State Database Information . . . . . . . . . . 3-213

Displaying Information on Border Routers . . . . . . . . . . . 3-216

Displaying Information on Neighbor Routers . . . . . . . . 3-217

Multicast Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-218

Configuring Global Settings for Multicast Routing . . . . . . . . 3-219

Displaying the Multicast Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-219

Configuring DVMRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-222

Configuring Global DVMRP Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-223

Configuring DVMRP Interface Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-227

Displaying Neighbor Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-229

Displaying the Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-230

Configuring PIM-DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-231

Configuring Global PIM-DM Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-232

Configuring PIM-DM Interface Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-233

Displaying Interface Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-236

Displaying Neighbor Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-237

3-196

3-208

4 Command Line Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Using the Command Line Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Accessing the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Console Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Telnet Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Entering Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Keywords and Arguments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

ONTENTS

Minimum Abbreviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Command Completion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Getting Help on Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Showing Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Partial Keyword Lookup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

Negating the Effect of Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

Using Command History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

Understanding Command Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

Exec Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Configuration Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

Command Line Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Command Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

Line Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

exec-timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17

password-thresh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18

silent-time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19

databits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20

parity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21

speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22

stopbits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23

show line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23

General Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24

enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

disable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26

configure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27

show history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27

reload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28

end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29

exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29

quit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30

System Management Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31

Device Designation Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31

hostname . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-32

User Access Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-32

xii

ONTENTS

username . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-33

enable password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34

Web Server Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-35

ip http port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-35

ip http server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-36

Event Logging Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-37

logging on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-37

logging history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-38

clear logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-39

show logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-40

Time Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-41

sntp client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-42

sntp server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-43

sntp poll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-44

sntp broadcast client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-45

show sntp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-45

clock timezone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-46

System Status Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-47

show startup-config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-47

show running-config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-49

show system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-51

show users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-51

show version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-52

Flash/File Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-53

copy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-53

delete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-56

dir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-57

whichboot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-58

boot system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-59

Authentication Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-60

Authentication Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-60

authentication login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-60

RADIUS Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-61

radius-server host . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-62

radius-server port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-63

radius-server key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-63

radius-server retransmit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-64

xiii

ONTENTS

radius-server timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-65

show radius-server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-65

802.1x Port Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-66

authentication dot1x default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-67

dot1x default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-67

dot1x max-req . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-68

dot1x port-control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-68

dot1x re-authenticate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-69

dot1x re-authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-69

dot1x timeout quiet-period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-70

dot1x timeout re-authperiod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-70

dot1x timeout tx-period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-71

show dot1x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-72

Access Control List Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-74

IP ACLs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-76

access-list ip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-76

permit, deny (Standard ACL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-78

permit, deny (Extended ACL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-79

ip access-group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-81

show ip access-group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-82

show ip access-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-83

MAC ACLs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-84

access-list mac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-84

permit, deny (MAC ACL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-85

mac access-group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-87

show mac access-group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-87

show mac access-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-88

ACL Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-89

show access-list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-89

show access-group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-89

SNMP Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-90

snmp-server community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-90

snmp-server contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-91

snmp-server location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-92

snmp-server host . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-93

snmp-server enable traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-94

show snmp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-95

xiv

ONTENTS

DHCP Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-97

DHCP Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-97

ip dhcp client-identifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-97

ip dhcp restart client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-98

DHCP Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-99

ip dhcp restart relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-99

ip dhcp relay server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-101

DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-102

service dhcp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-103

ip dhcp excluded-address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-104

ip dhcp pool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-104

network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-105

default-router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-106

domain-name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-107

dns-server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-108

next-server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-109

bootfile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-109

netbios-name-server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-110

netbios-node-type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-111

lease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-112

host . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-113

client-identifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-114

hardware-address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-115

clear ip dhcp binding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-116

show ip dhcp binding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-117

Interface Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-118

interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-119

description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-119

speed-duplex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-120

negotiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-121

capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-122

flowcontrol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-124

shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-125

switchport broadcast packet-rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-126

clear counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-127

show interfaces status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-128

show interfaces counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-129

ONTENTS

show interfaces switchport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-131

Mirror Port Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-133

port monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-133

show port monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-134

Rate Limit Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-135

rate-limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-136

Link Aggregation Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-137

channel-group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-138

lacp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-139

Address Table Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-141

mac-address-table static . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-141

clear mac-address-table dynamic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-142

show mac-address-table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-143

mac-address-table aging-time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-144

show mac-address-table aging-time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-145

Spanning Tree Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-146

spanning-tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-147

spanning-tree mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-148

spanning-tree forward-time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-149

spanning-tree hello-time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-150

spanning-tree max-age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-150

spanning-tree priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-151

spanning-tree pathcost method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-152

spanning-tree transmission-limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-153

spanning-tree cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-154

spanning-tree port-priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-155

spanning-tree edge-port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-156

spanning-tree portfast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-157

spanning-tree link-type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-158

spanning-tree protocol-migration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-159

show spanning-tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-160

VLAN Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-162

Editing VLAN Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-162

vlan database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-162

vlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-163

Configuring VLAN Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-164

interface vlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-165

xvi

ONTENTS

switchport mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-166

switchport acceptable-frame-types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-167

switchport ingress-filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-168

switchport native vlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-169

switchport allowed vlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-170

switchport forbidden vlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-171

Displaying VLAN Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-172

show vlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-172

Configuring Private VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-173

pvlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-173

show pvlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-174

GVRP and Bridge Extension Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-175

bridge-ext gvrp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-175

show bridge-ext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-176

switchport gvrp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-177

show gvrp configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-178

garp timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-178

show garp timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-180

Priority Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-181

Priority Commands (Layer 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-181

switchport priority default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-182

queue bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-183

queue cos-map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-184

show queue bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-185

show queue cos-map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-186

Priority Commands (Layer 3 and 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-187

map ip port (Global Configuration) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-187

map ip port (Interface Configuration) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-188

map ip precedence (Global Configuration) . . . . . . . . . . . 4-189

map ip precedence (Interface Configuration) . . . . . . . . . 4-189

map ip dscp (Global Configuration) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-191

map ip dscp (Interface Configuration) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-191

show map ip port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-193

show map ip precedence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-194

show map ip dscp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-195

Multicast Filtering Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-196

IGMP Snooping Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-196

xvii

ONTENTS

ip igmp snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-197

ip igmp snooping vlan static . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-197

ip igmp snooping version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-198

show ip igmp snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-199

show mac-address-table multicast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-200

IGMP Query Commands (Layer 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-201

ip igmp snooping querier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-201

ip igmp snooping query-count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-202

ip igmp snooping query-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-203

ip igmp snooping query-max-response-time . . . . . . . . . . 4-203

ip igmp snooping router-port-expire-time . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-204

IGMP Commands (Layer 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-205

ip igmp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-206

ip igmp robustval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-207

ip igmp query-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-207

ip igmp max-resp-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-208

ip igmp last-memb-query-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-209

ip igmp version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-210

show ip igmp interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-211

clear ip igmp group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-212

show ip igmp groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-213

IP Interface Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-215

Basic IP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-215

ip address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-216

ip default-gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-218

show ip interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-219

show ip redirects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-219

ping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-220

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-221

arp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-222

arp-timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-223

clear arp-cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-223

show arp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-224

ip proxy-arp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-224

IP Routing Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-225

Global Routing Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-226

ip routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-226

xviii

ONTENTS

ip route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-227

clear ip route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-228

show ip route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-228

show ip traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-229

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-231

router rip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-231

timers basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-232

network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-233

neighbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-234

version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-235

ip rip receive version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-236

ip rip send version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-237

ip split-horizon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-239

ip rip authentication key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-240

ip rip authentication mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-241

show rip globals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-242

show ip rip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-242

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-244

router ospf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-246

router-id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-247

compatible rfc1583 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-248

default-information originate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-248

timers spf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-250

area range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-251

area default-cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-252

summary-address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-253

redistribute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-254

network area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-255

area stub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-257

area nssa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-258

area virtual-link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-260

ip ospf authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-263

ip ospf authentication-key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-264

ip ospf message-digest-key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-265

ip ospf cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-266

ip ospf dead-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-267

ip ospf hello-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-268

xix

ONTENTS

ip ospf priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-268

ip ospf retransmit-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-269

ip ospf transmit-delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-270

show ip ospf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-271

show ip ospf border-routers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-272

show ip ospf database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-273

show ip ospf interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-281

show ip ospf neighbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-282

show ip ospf summary-address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-283

show ip ospf virtual-links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-284

Multicast Routing Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-285

Static Multicast Routing Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-285

ip igmp snooping vlan mrouter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-286

show ip igmp snooping mrouter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-287

General Multicast Routing Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-287

ip multicast-routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-288

show ip mroute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-288

DVMRP Multicast Routing Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-290

router dvmrp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-291

probe-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-292

nbr-timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-293

report-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-293

flash-update-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-294

prune-lifetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-294

default-gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-295

ip dvmrp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-296

ip dvmrp metric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-297

clear ip dvmrp route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-298

show router dvmrp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-298

show ip dvmrp route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-299

show ip dvmrp neighbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-300

show ip dvmrp interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-301

PIM-DM Multicast Routing Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-301

router pim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-302

ip pim dense-mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-303

ip pim hello-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-304

ip pim hello-holdtime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-305

ONTENTS

ip pim trigger-hello-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-305

ip pim join-prune-holdtime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-306

ip pim graft-retry-interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-307

ip pim max-graft-retries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-308

show router pim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-308

show ip pim interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-309

show ip pim neighbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-309

A Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

B Upgrading Firmware via the Serial Port . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

Glossary

Index

xxi

ONTENTS

xxii

HAPTER

NTRODUCTION

This switch provides a broad range of features for Layer 2 switching and Layer 3 routing. It includes a management agent that allows you to configure the features listed in this manual. The default configuration can be used for most of the features provided by this switch. However, there are many options that you should configure to maximize the switch’s performance for your particular network environment.

Key Features

Feature Description

Configuration Backup and Restore

Authentication Console, Telnet, Web – User name / password, RADIUS

Access Control Lists

DHCP Relay and Server

Port Configuration Speed, duplex mode and flow control

Rate Limiting Input and output rate limiting per port

Port Mirroring One or more ports mirrored to single analysis port

Port Trunking Supports up to 6 trunks using either static or dynamic

Backup to TFTP server

SNMP – Community strings Port – IEEE 802.1x

Supports up to 32 IP or MAC ACLs

Supported

trunking (LACP)

1-1

NTRODUCTION

Feature Description

Broadcast Storm Control

Address Table Up to 8K MAC addresses in the forwarding table, 100 static

IEEE 802.1D Bridge

Store-and-Forward Switching

Spanning Tree Protocol

Virtual LANs Up to 255 using IEEE 802.1Q, or private VLANs

Traffic Prioritization

IP Routing Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Open Shortest Path

ARP Static and dynamic address configuration, proxy ARP

Multicast Filtering Supports IGMP snooping and query for Layer 2, and IGMP

Multicast Routing Supports DVMRP and PIM-DM

Supported

MAC addresses per port; Up to 2K IP address entries, 128 static IP addresses in the ARP cache, 256 static IP routes

Supports dynamic data switching and addresses learning

Supported to ensure wire-speed switching while eliminating bad frames

Supports standard STP and the new Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)

Default port priority, traffic class map, queue scheduling, IP Precedence, Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP), and TCP/UDP Port

First (OSPF), static routes

for Layer 3

Description of Software Features

The switch provides a wide range of advanced performance enhancing features. Flow control eliminates the loss of packets due to bottlenecks caused by port saturation. Broadcast storm suppression prevents broadcast traffic storms from engulfing the network. Port-based VLANs, plus support for automatic GVRP VLAN registration provide traffic security and efficient use of network bandwidth. CoS priority queueing ensures the

1-2

ESCRIPTION OF SOFTWARE FEATURES

minimum delay for moving real-time multimedia data across the network. While multicast filtering and routing provide support for real-time network applications. Some of the management features are briefly described below.

Configuration Backup and Restore – You can save the current configuration settings to a file on a TFTP server, and later download this file to restore the switch configuration settings.

Authentication – This switch authenticates management access via the console port, Telnet or Web browser. User names and passwords can be configured locally or can be verified via a remote authentication server (i.e., RADIUS). Port-based authentication is also supported via the IEEE

802.1x protocol. This protocol uses the Extensible Authentication Protocol over LANs (EAPOL) to request a user name and password from the 802.1x client, and then verifies the client’s right to access the network via an authentication server (i.e., RADIUS server).

Access Control Lists – ACLs provide packet filtering for IP frames (based on address, protocol, TCP/UDP port number or TCP control code) or any frames (based on MAC address or Ethernet type). ACLs can by used to improve performance by blocking unnecessary network traffic or to implement security controls by restricting access to specific network resources or protocols.

DHCP Server and DHCP Relay – A DHCP server is provided to assign IP addresses to host devices. Since DHCP uses a broadcast mechanism, a DHCP server and its client must physically reside on the same subnet. Since it is not practical to have a DHCP server on every subnet, DHCP Relay is also supported to allow dynamic configuration of local clients from a DHCP server located in a different network.

Port Configuration – You can manually configure the speed, duplex mode, and flow control used on specific ports, or use auto-negotiation to detect the connection settings used by the attached device. Use the full-duplex mode on ports whenever possible to double the throughput of switch connections. Flow control should also be enabled to control

1-3

NTRODUCTION

network traffic during periods of congestion and prevent the loss of packets when port buffer thresholds are exceeded. The switch supports flow control based on the IEEE 802.3x standard.

Rate Limiting – This feature controls the maximum rate for traffic transmitted or received on an interface. Rate limiting is configured on interfaces at the edge of a network to limit traffic into or out of the network. Traffic that falls within the rate limit is transmitted, while packets that exceed the acceptable amount of traffic are dropped.

Port Mirroring – The switch can unobtrusively mirror traffic from any port to a monitor port. You can then attach a protocol analyzer or RMON probe to this port to perform traffic analysis and verify connection integrity.

Port Trunking – Ports can be combined into an aggregate connection. Trunks can be manually set up or dynamically configured using IEEE

802.3ad Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP). The additional ports dramatically increase the throughput across any connection, and provide redundancy by taking over the load if a port in the trunk should fail. The switch supports up to six trunks.

Broadcast Storm Control – Broadcast suppression prevents broadcast traffic from overwhelming the network. When enabled on a port, the level of broadcast traffic passing through the port is restricted. If broadcast traffic rises above a pre-defined threshold, it will be throttled until the level falls back beneath the threshold.

Static Addresses – A static address can be assigned to a specific interface on this switch. Static addresses are bound to the assigned interface and will not be moved. When a static address is seen on another interface, the address will be ignored and will not be written to the address table. Static addresses can be used to provide network security by restricting access for a known host to a specific port.

1-4

ESCRIPTION OF SOFTWARE FEATURES

IEEE 802.1D Bridge – The switch supports IEEE 802.1D transparent bridging. The address table facilitates data switching by learning addresses, and then filtering or forwarding traffic based on this information. The address table supports up to 8K addresses.

Store-and-Forward Switching – The switch copies each frame into its memory before forwarding them to another port. This ensures that all frames are a standard Ethernet size and have been verified for accuracy with the cyclic redundancy check (CRC). This prevents bad frames from entering the network and wasting bandwidth.

To avoid dropping frames on congested ports, the switch provides 8 MB for frame buffering. This buffer can queue packets awaiting transmission on congested networks.

Spanning Tree Protocol – The switch supports these spanning tree protocols:

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP, IEEE 802.1D) – This protocol adds a level of fault tolerance by allowing two or more redundant connections to be created between a pair of LAN segments. When there are multiple physical paths between segments, this protocol will choose a single path and disable all others to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network. This prevents the creation of network loops. However, if the chosen path should fail for any reason, an alternate path will be activated to maintain the connection.

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP, IEEE 802.1w) – This protocol reduces the convergence time for network topology changes to about 10% of that required by the older IEEE 802.1D STP standard. It is intended as a complete replacement for STP, but can still interoperate with switches running the older standard by automatically reconfiguring ports to STP-compliant mode if they detect STP protocol messages from attached devices.

1-5

NTRODUCTION

Virtual LANs – The switch supports up to 255 VLANs. A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision domain regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network. The switch supports tagged VLANs based on the IEEE 802.1Q standard. Members of VLAN groups can be dynamically learned via GVRP, or ports can be manually assigned to a specific set of VLANs. This allows the switch to restrict traffic to the VLAN groups to which a user has been assigned. By segmenting your network into VLANs, you can:

• Eliminate broadcast storms which severely degrade performance in a flat network.

• Simplify network management for node changes/moves by remotely configuring VLAN membership for any port, rather than having to manually change the network connection.

• Provide data security by restricting all traffic to the originating VLAN, except where a connection is explicitly defined via the switch’s routing service.

• Use private VLANs to restrict traffic to pass only between data ports and the uplink ports, thereby isolating adjacent ports within the same VLAN, and allowing you to limit the total number of VLANs that need to be configured.

Traffic Prioritization – This switch prioritizes each packet based on the required level of service, using four priority queues with Weighted Round Robin Queuing. It uses IEEE 802.1p and 802.1Q tags to prioritize incoming traffic based on input from the end-station application. These functions can be used to provide independent priorities for delay-sensitive data and best-effort data.

This switch also supports several common methods of prioritizing layer 3/ 4 traffic to meet application requirements. Traffic can be prioritized based on the priority bits in the IP frame’s Type of Service (ToS) octet or the number of the TCP/UDP port. When these services are enabled, the priorities are mapped to a Class of Service value by the switch, and the traffic then sent to the corresponding output queue.

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ESCRIPTION OF SOFTWARE FEATURES

IP Routing – The switch provides Layer 3 IP routing. To maintain a high rate of throughput, the switch forwards all traffic passing within the same segment, and routes only traffic that passes between different subnetworks. The wire-speed routing provided by this switch lets you easily link network segments or VLANs together without having to deal with the bottlenecks or configuration hassles normally associated with conventional routers.

Routing for unicast traffic is supported with the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol.

RIP – This protocol uses a distance-vector approach to routing. Routes are determined on the basis of minimizing the distance vector, or hop count, which serves as a rough estimate of transmission cost.

OSPF – This approach uses a link state routing protocol to generate a shortest-path tree, then builds up its routing table based on this tree. OSPF produces a more stable network because the participating routers act on network changes predictably and simultaneously, converging on the best route more quickly than RIP.

Address Resolution Protocol – The switch uses ARP and Proxy ARP to convert between IP addresses and MAC (i.e., hardware) addresses. This switch supports conventional ARP, which locates the MAC address corresponding to a given IP address. This allows the switch to use IP addresses for routing decisions and the corresponding MAC addresses to forward packets from one hop to the next. You can configure either static or dynamic entries in the ARP cache.

Proxy ARP allows hosts that do not support routing to determine the MAC address of a device on another network or subnet. When a host sends an ARP request for a remote network, the switch checks to see if it has the best route. If it does, it sends its own MAC address to the host. The host then sends traffic for the remote destination via the switch, which uses its own routing table to reach the destination on the other network.

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NTRODUCTION

Multicast Filtering – Specific multicast traffic can be assigned to its own VLAN to ensure that it does not interfere with normal network traffic and to guarantee real-time delivery by setting the required priority level for the designated VLAN. The switch uses IGMP Snooping and Query at Layer 2 and IGMP at Layer 3 to manage multicast group registration.

Multicast Routing – Routing for multicast packets is supported by the Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) and Protocol-Independent Multicasting - Dense Mode (PIM-DM). These protocols work in conjunction with IGMP to filter and route multicast traffic. DVMRP is a more comprehensive implementation that maintains its own routing table, but is gradually being replacing by most network managers with PIM, Dense Mode and Sparse Mode. PIM is a very simple protocol that uses the routing table of the unicast routing protocol enabled on an interface. Dense Mode is designed for areas where the probability of multicast clients is relatively high, and the overhead of frequent flooding is justified. While Sparse mode is designed for network areas, such as the Wide Area Network, where the probability of multicast clients is low. This switch currently supports DVMRP and PIM-DM.

System Defaults

The switch’s system defaults are provided in the configuration file “Factory_Default_Config.cfg.” To reset the switch defaults, this file should be set as the startup configuration file (page 3-24).

The following table lists some of the basic system defaults.

Function Parameter Default

Console Port Connection

1-8

Baud Rate 9600

Data bits 8

Stop bits 1

Parity none

Local Console Timeout 0 (disabled)

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