The content of this document is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as a commitment
by SMART Technologies Inc. SMART assumes no responsibility or liability whatsoever for any errors , omissions or
inaccuracies that may appear in this document or for any problems, loss or damage that may arise through the use
of and/or reliance on this information.
Trademark Notice
SMART Board, smarttech, Unifi, GoWire and the SMART logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of SMART
Technologies Inc. in the U.S. and/or other countries. Windows is either a trademark or registered trademark of
Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries. Mac is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.,
registered in the U.S. and other countries. All other third-part y product and company names may be the trademarks
of their respective owners.
U.S. Patent Nos. 5,448,263; 6,141,000; 6,326,954; 6,337,681; 6,540,366; 6,741,267, 6,747,636 and 7,151,533. Canadian
Patent No. 2,058,219. Other U.S., Canadian and foreign patents pending.
Printed in Canada 06/2007
Table of Contents
600 Series Interactive Whiteboard1
Extending the USB with a Bus-Powered (Active) Extension Cable (USB-XT)................................ 1
Basic Application – Single USB-XT Extension Cable ............................................................... 1
•USB cable lengths must not exceed 16' (5 m). For more information, see USB Connectors and Cables on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered extension cables
and the SMART Board™ 600 Series interactive whiteboard. Laptops may not provide
sufficient power while running on batteries.
Standard 16' (5 m)
Standard 16' (5 m)
USB Cable
USB Cable
•Don’t connect more than four USB-XT extension cables. For more information, see Extending
USB Connections on page 20.
•Don’t route multiple USB-XT extension cables where they aren’t accessible, for example,
inside walls or ceilings.
•The total number of hubs used doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit of five hubs:
Computer’s internal hub + (up to) 4 USB-XT extenders = (up to) 5 hubs
600 Series Interactive Whiteboard1
Extending the USB with a Cat 5 Bus-Powered (Active) Extender
(CAT5-XT)
Basic Application – CAT5-XT Extender
Cat 5 Cable
(not included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
Extender Unit B Extender Unit A
(included) (included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
NOTES
•The maximum Cat 5 cable lengths in this configuration are:
–120' (36.6 m) when used with computers with Windows operating systems.
–90' (27.4 m) when used with Mac computers.
•You can use plenum-rated Cat 5 cable, if required.
•Only use 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) to connect the Unit A and Unit B extenders.
–Don’t use USB cables longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) with passive USB extension cables. For
more information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered CAT5-XT
extenders and the SMART Board 600 series interactive whiteboard. Laptops may not provide
sufficient power while running on batteries.
2600 Series Interactive Whiteboard
Complex Application 1 – CAT5-XT Extender and Self-Powered USB Hub
If you need to extend the cable from CAT5-XT extender Unit A to the interactive whiteboard, you
must use a self-powered hub. CAT5-XT extenders don’t provide sufficient power for both the
interactive whiteboard and a bus-powered USB extender.
Computer with
Internal USB Hub
Self-Powered USB
Hub (not included)
Cat 5 Cable
(not included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
Extender Unit B Extender Unit A
(included) (included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
Standard 16' (5 m)
USB Cable
NOTES
•Each USB hub or extender used with the CAT5-XT extender reduces the maximum Cat 5
cable lengths by 33' (10 m). The maximum Cat 5 cable lengths in this configuration are:
–87' (26.7 m) when used with computers with Windows operating systems.
–57' (17.4 m) when used with Mac computers.
•You can use plenum-rated Cat 5 cable, if required.
•Only use 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) to connect the Unit A and Unit B extenders.
–Don’t use USB cables longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables with passive USB extension cables. For more
information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered CAT5-XT
extenders. Laptops may not provide sufficient power while running on batteries.
•The self-powered (externally powered) hub supplies power to the interactive whiteboard.
•The length of the USB cable that connects the self-powered hub to the interactive whiteboard
must not exceed 16' (5 m). For more information, see USB Connectors and Cables on
page 19.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit
of five hubs:
Complex Application 2 – USB-XT Extension Cable(s), CAT5-XT Extender and SelfPowered USB Hub
You can extend the USB connection from the computer to CAT5-XT extender Unit B using one or
two USB-XT extension cables. You can substitute the GoWire™ SMART Board software autolaunch cable in place of the USB-XT extension cable.
NOTE: You can use only one USB-XT extension cable with Mac computers.
Computer with
Internal USB Hub
Self-Powered USB
Cat 5 Cable
(not included)
16' (5 m)
USB-XT
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
Extender Unit B Extender Unit A
(included) (included)
NOTES
•Each USB hub or extender used with the CAT5-XT extender reduces the maximum Cat 5
cable lengths by 33' (10 m). The maximum Cat 5 cable lengths in this configuration are:
Hub (not included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
16' (5 m) USB
Cable
–54' (16.5 m) with one USB-XT, or 21' (6.4 m) with two USB-XT units, when used with
computers with Windows operating systems.
–24' (7.3 m) with one USB-XT, when used with Mac computers.
NOTE: You can’t use two USB-XT units with Mac computers.
•You can use plenum-rated Cat 5 cable, if required.
•Only use 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) to connect the Unit A and Unit B extenders.
–Don’t use USB cables longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables with passive USB extension cables. For more
information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered USB-XT
extension cable(s) and the bus-powered CAT5-XT extenders. Laptops may not provide
sufficient power while running on batteries.
•The self-powered (externally powered) hub supplies power to the interactive whiteboard.
•The length of the USB cable that connects the self-powered hub to the interactive whiteboard
must not exceed 16' (5 m). For more information, see USB Connectors and Cables on
page 19.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit
of five hubs:
600 Series Interactive Whiteboard with Speakers (SBA)
Extending the USB with a Bus-Powered (Active) Extension Cable
(USB-XT)
Basic Application – Single USB-XT Extension Cable
Interactive Whiteboard and
SBA Speakers with Self-
Powered Internal USB Hub
16' (5 m) Bus-Powered USB
Extension Cable (USB-XT)
NOTES
•This is not a plenum-rated solution.
•USB cable lengths must not exceed 16' (5 m). For more information, see USB Connectors and Cables on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered extension cable.
Laptops may not provide sufficient power while running on batteries.
•The speakers’ (SBA) internal USB hub provides power to the interactive whiteboard.
•You can substitute a GoWire auto-launch cable for the USB-XT extension cable.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit
of five hubs:
•USB cable lengths must not exceed 16' (5 m). For more information, see USB Connectors and Cables on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered extension cables.
Laptops may not provide sufficient power while running on batteries.
•The speakers’ (SBA) internal USB hub provides power for the interactive whiteboard.
•Don’t use more than three USB-XT extension cables. For more information, see Extending USB Connections on page 20. You can substitute a GoWire auto-launch cable for the USB-XT
extension cable connected to the computer.
•Don’t route multiple USB-XT extension cables where they aren’t accessible, for example,
inside walls or ceilings.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit
of five hubs:
6600 Series Interactive Whiteboard with Speakers (SBA)
Extending the USB with a Cat 5 Bus-Powered (Active) Extender
(CAT5-XT)
Basic Application – CAT5-XT Extender
Interactive Whiteboard and
SBA Speakers with Self-
Powered Internal USB Hub
Computer with
Internal USB Hub
Cat 5 Cable
(not included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
Extender Unit B Extender Unit A
(included) (included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
NOTES
•Each USB hub or extender used with the CAT5-XT extender reduces the maximum Cat 5
cable lengths by 33' (10 m). The maximum Cat 5 cable lengths in this configuration are:
–87' (26.7 m) when used with computers with Windows operating systems.
–57' (17.4 m) when used with Mac computers.
•You can use plenum-rated Cat 5 cable, if required.
•Only use 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) to connect the Unit A and Unit B extenders.
–Don’t use USB cables longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables with passive USB extension cables. For more
information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered CAT5-XT
extenders. Laptops may not provide sufficient power while running on batteries.
•The speakers’ (SBA) internal USB hub provides power to the interactive whiteboard.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit
of five hubs:
600 Series Interactive Whiteboard with Speakers (SBA)7
Complex Application 1 – CAT5-XT Extender and Self-Powered Hub
You can extend the USB connection from the computer to the interactive whiteboard with speaker
option (SBA) using the Cat 5 extenders (CAT5-XT) and a self-powered USB hub. The selfpowered USB hub allows you to extend the included 6' (1.8 m) USB cable with a standard 16'
(5 m) USB cable.
Interactive Whiteboard
Computer with
Internal USB Hub
and SBA Speakers with
Self-Powered Internal
USB Hub
Self-Powered USB
Hub (not included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
16' (5 m) USB
Cable
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
Cat 5 Cable
(not included)
Extender Unit B Extender Unit A
(included) (included)
NOTES
•Each USB hub or extender used with the CAT5-XT extender reduces the maximum Cat 5
cable lengths by 33' (10 m). The maximum Cat 5 cable lengths in this configuration are:
–54' (16.5 m) when used with computers with Windows operating systems.
–24' (7.3 m) when used with Mac computers.
•You can use plenum-rated Cat 5 cable, if required.
•Only use 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) to connect the Unit A and Unit B extenders.
–Don’t use USB cables longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables with passive USB extension cables. For more
information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered CAT5-XT
extenders. Laptops may not provide sufficient power while running on batteries.
•The speakers’ (SBA) internal USB hub provides power to the interactive whiteboard.
•The length of the USB cable that connects the self-powered hub to the SBA speakers must not
exceed 16' (5 m). For more information, see USB Connectors and Cables on page 19.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit
of five hubs:
8600 Series Interactive Whiteboard with Speakers (SBA)
Complex Application 2 – USB-XT Extension Cable(s), CAT5-XT Extender and SelfPowered USB Hub
You can extend the USB connection from the computer to CAT5-XT extender Unit B using a
USB-XT extension cable.
NOTE: You can’t use this configuration with Mac computers.
Interactive Whiteboard
and SBA Speakers with
Computer with
Internal USB Hub
Self-Powered Internal
USB Hub
16' (5 m)
USB-XT
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
Cat 5 Cable
(not included)
Extender Unit B Extender Unit A
(included) (included)
Self-Powered USB
Hub (not included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
16' (5 m) USB
Cable
NOTES
•Each USB hub or extender used with the CAT5-XT extender reduces the maximum Cat 5
cable lengths by 33' (10 m). The maximum Cat 5 cable length in this configuration is 21'
(6.4 m) when used with computers with Windows operating systems.
NOTE: You can’t use this configuration with Mac computers.
•You can use plenum-rated Cat 5 cable, if required.
•Only use 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) to connect the Unit A and Unit B extenders.
–Don’t use USB cables longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables with passive USB extension cables. For more
information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered USB-XT
extension cable and the bus-powered CAT5-XT extenders. Laptops may not provide sufficient
power while running on batteries.
•You can substitute a GoWire auto launch cable for the USB-XT extension cable connected to
the computer.
•The speakers’ (SBA) internal USB hub provides power to the interactive whiteboard.
•The length of the USB cable that connects the self-powered hub to the interactive whiteboard
must not exceed 16' (5 m). For more information, see USB Connectors and Cables on
page 19.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit of
five hubs:
600 Series Interactive Whiteboard with Speakers (SBA)9
10600 Series Interactive Whiteboard with Speakers (SBA)
600i Series Interactive Whiteboard System
Basic Application – Connecting to the Extended Connection Panel (ECP) USB
Receptacle
Extended Connection
Panel (ECP)
Computer with
Internal USB Hub
•Only use 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) to connect the computer to the extended
connection panel (ECP).
–Don’t use USB cables longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables with passive USB extension cables. For more
information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
600i Series Interactive Whiteboard System11
Extending the USB with a Bus-Powered (Active) Extension Cable
(USB-XT)
Basic Application – Single Extension Cable
Unifi 35 Projector with
Self-Powered Internal
USB Hub
Computer with
Internal USB Hub
Extended Connection
Panel (ECP)
16' (5 m) Bus-Powered USB
Extension Cable (USB-XT)
or GoWire Auto-Launch Cable
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
NOTES
•This is not a plenum-rated solution.
•Only use 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) to connect the USB-XT extender to the extended
connection panel (ECP).
–Don’t use USB cables longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) with passive USB extension cables. For
more information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered extension cable.
Laptops may not provide sufficient power while running on batteries.
•The Unifi™ 35 projector’s self-powered internal USB hub provides power to the interactive
whiteboard.
•Don’t route the USB-XT extension cable where it isn’t accessible, for example, inside walls or
ceilings.
•You can substitute a GoWire auto launch cable for the USB-XT extension cable.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit
of five hubs:
•Only use 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) to connect the USB-XT extender to the extended
connection panel (ECP).
–Don’t use a USB cable longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables with passive USB extension cables. For more
information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered extension cables.
Laptops may not provide sufficient power while running on batteries.
•The Unifi 35 projector’s self-powered internal USB hub provides power for the interactive
whiteboard.
•Don’t route multiple USB-XT extension cables where they aren’t accessible, for example,
inside walls or ceilings.
•Don’t use more than three USB-XT extension cables. For more information, see Extending USB Connections on page 20. You can substitute a GoWire auto-launch cable for the USB-XT
extension cable connected to the computer.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit
of five hubs:
Extending the USB with a Cat 5 Bus-Powered (Active) Extender
(CAT5-XT)
Basic Application – CAT5-XT Extender
Unifi 35 Projector with
Computer with
Internal USB Hub
Self-Powered Internal
USB Hub
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
Cat 5 Cable
(not included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
Extender Unit B Extender Unit A
(included) (included)
NOTES
•Each USB hub or extender used with the CAT5-XT extender reduces the maximum Cat 5
cable lengths by 33' (10 m). The maximum Cat 5 cable lengths in this configuration are:
–87' (26.7 m) when used with computers with Windows operating systems.
–57' (17.4 m) when used with Mac computers.
•You can use plenum-rated Cat 5 cable, if required.
•Only use 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) to connect the Unit A and Unit B extenders.
–Don’t use USB cables longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Only connect CAT5-XT Unit A to the Unifi 35 projector base USB B receptacle. Don’t
connect Unit A to the extended connection panel.
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables with passive USB extension cables. For more
information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered CAT5-XT
extenders. Laptops may not provide sufficient power while running on batteries.
•The Unifi 35 projector’s self-powered internal USB hub provides power to the interactive
whiteboard.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit
of five hubs:
Complex Application 1 – CAT5-XT Extender and Self-Powered Hub
You can extend the USB connection from the computer to the 600i interactive whiteboard system
using Cat 5 extenders (CAT5-XT) and a self-powered USB hub. The self-powered USB hub allows
you to extend the 6' (1.8 m) cable with a standard 16' (5 m) USB cable.
Unifi 35 Projector with
Self-Powered Internal
USB Hub
Computer with
Internal USB Hub
Self-Powered USB
Cat 5 Cable
(not included)
Hub (not included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
Extender Unit B Extender Unit A
(included) (included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
16' (5 m) USB
Cable
NOTES
•Each USB hub or extender used with the CAT5-XT extender reduces the maximum Cat 5
cable lengths by 33' (10 m). The maximum Cat 5 cable lengths in this configuration are:
–54' (16.5 m) when used with computers with Windows operating systems.
–24' (7.3 m) when used with Mac computers.
•You can use plenum-rated Cat 5 cable, if required.
•Only use 6' (1.8 m) USB cables (included) to connect the Unit A and Unit B extenders.
–Don’t use USB cables longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Only connect CAT5-XT Unit A to the Unifi 35 projector base USB B receptacle. Don’t
connect Unit A to the extended connection panel.
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables with passive USB extension cables. For more
information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered CAT5-XT
extenders. Laptops may not provide sufficient power while running on batteries.
•The Unifi 35 projector’s self-powered internal USB hub provides power to the interactive
whiteboard.
•The length of the USB cable that connects the self-powered hub to the Unifi 35 projector must
not exceed 16' (5 m). For more information, see USB Connectors and Cables on page 19.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit
of five hubs:
Complex Application 2 – USB-XT Extension Cable(s), CAT5-XT Extender and SelfPowered USB Hub
You can extend the USB connection from the computer to CAT5-XT extender Unit B using a
USB-XT extension cable.
NOTE: You can’t use this configuration with Mac computers.
Unifi 35 Projector with
Computer with
Internal USB Hub
Cat 5 Cable
(not included)
Self-Powered Internal
USB Hub
Self-Powered USB
Hub (not included)
16' (5 m)
USB-XT
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
Extender Unit B Extender Unit A
(included) (included)
6' (1.8 m) USB
Cable (included)
16' (5 m) USB
Cable
NOTES
•Each USB hub or extender used with the CAT5-XT extender reduces the maximum Cat 5
cable lengths by 33' (10 m). The maximum Cat 5 cable length in this configuration is 21'
(6.4 m) when used with computers with Windows operating systems.
NOTE: You can’t use this configuration with Mac computers.
•You can use plenum-rated Cat 5 cable, if required.
•Only use the included 6' (1.8 m) USB cables to connect the Unit A and Unit B extenders.
–Don’t use USB cables longer than 6' (1.8 m).
–Connect the CAT5-XT Unit A to the Unifi 35 projector base USB B receptacle, only. Don’t
connect the Unit A to the extended connection panel.
–Don’t extend the 6' (1.8 m) USB cables with passive USB extension cables. For more
information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
•The computer’s USB port must provide sufficient power for the bus-powered USB-XT
extension cable and the bus-powered CAT5-XT extenders. Laptops may not provide sufficient
power while running on batteries.
•The Unifi 35 projector’s self-powered internal USB hub provides power to the interactive
whiteboard.
•The length of the USB cable that connects the self-powered hub to the Unifi 35 projector must
not exceed 16' (5 m). For more information, see USB Connectors and Cables on page 19.
•The number of hubs used in this configuration doesn’t exceed the USB 2.0 specification limit
of five hubs:
You can use this section as a reference to common Universal Serial Bus 2.0 (USB 2.0) terms,
rules and conventions.
USB Terminology
These definitions are derived from the Universal Serial Bus Specification, Version 2.0, and are
used within this document.
TermDefinition
Active (device)A device (hub or extension cable) with circuitry for regenerating the USB
signals. For more information, see Powering USB Devices on page 18.
DeviceA logical or physical entity that performs a function. The actual entity
described depends on the context of the reference. At the lowest level,
device may refer to a single hardware component, as in a memory
device. At a higher level, it may refer to a collection of hardware
components that perform a particular function, such as a USB interface
device.
When used in a non-specific reference, a USB device is either a hub or a
function.
DownstreamThe direction of data flow from the host or away from the host. A
downstream port is the port on a hub electrically farthest from the host
that generates downstream data traffic from the hub. Downstream
interfaces receive upstream data traffic.
Full-speedUSB operation at 12 Mbps
FunctionA USB device that provides a capability to the host, such as a keyboard,
interactive whiteboard, or speakers.
High-speedUSB operation at 480 Mbps
HostThe host computer system where the USB host controller is installed.
This includes the host hardware platform (CPU, bus, etc.) and the
operating system in use.
Host controllerThe host’s USB interface hardware and software.
HubA USB device that provides additional connections to the bus.
Low-speedUSB operation at 1.5 Mbps
Passive (extension
cable)
Physical deviceA device that has a physical implementation; e.g., speakers,
PortA USB hub’s downstream connection point where a USB device is
Root hubA USB hub directly attached to the host controller.
UpstreamThe direction of data flow towards the host. An upstream connector on a
An extension cable that has no active electronic components. For more
information, see Prohibited Cable Assemblies on page 19.
microphones, and CD players.
attached.
device is electrically closest to the host that generates upstream data
traffic from the hub. Upstream interfaces receive downstream data traffic.
USB 2.0 Specification Primer17
USB Topology
The USB physical network is a tiered star topology. A hub is at the center of each star. Each wire
segment is a point-to-point connection between the host and a hub or function, or a hub connected
to another hub or function. This figure illustrates the topology of a USB network.
Hub
Fu n c t i o n
Compound
Device
Host
Ro o t
Hub
Hub
1
Hub
2
3
Hub
6
Hub
Hub
Fu n c t i o n
4
5
Hub
7
Fu n c t i o n
Host (Tier 1)
Ti er 2
Fu n c t i o n
Fu n c t i o n
Fu n c t i o n
Fu n c t i o n
Ti er 3
Ti er 4
Ti er 5
Ti er 6
Tier 7
Timing constraints for hub and cable propagation times allow a maximum of seven tiers, including
the root tier. In seven tiers, a maximum of five non-root hubs can be supported in a communication
path between the host and any device. Note that a compound device occupies two tiers; therefore,
it cannot be attached at tier seven where only functions can be used.
Connecting USB Devices
USB attachment points are provided by a special class of USB device known as a hub. The
additional attachment points provided by a hub are called ports.
A host includes an embedded hub called the root hub that can provide one or more attachment
points. Hosts may also have other non-root internal hubs to provide further expansion capability.
These internal non-root hubs are tier 2 devices, and limit the number of external hubs that you can
use in a path.
Powering USB Devices
A USB host can supply power for USB devices that are directly connected. USB devices that rely
on power from the cable are called bus-powered devices.
USB devices that have their own externally-connected power supplies are called self-powered
devices.
18USB 2.0 Specification Primer
USB Connectors and Cables
USB Connectors
There are two types of full-size USB connectors: Series-A and Series-B. Either connector type can
be a receptacle or a plug.
•Series-A receptacles are used as outputs from host systems and hubs.
•Series-B receptacles are used as inputs to hubs or devices.
•Series-A plugs are always oriented towards the host system and mate with Series-A
receptacles.
•Series-B plugs are always oriented towards a USB hub or device and mate with Series-B
receptacles.
NOTE: Smaller versions of the Series-A and Series-B connectors, called Mini-A and Mini-B, and
Micro-A and Micro-B, are available and conform to the same rules as full-size USB connectors.
TIP: Although USB 2.0 Specifications requires that USB connectors can be “hot plugged” (i.e., you
can insert a USB connector with power on without damage to the circuitry), we recommend that
you connect all your devices and cables before you turn on the power. If you connect a device
when the power is already on, and the system doesn’t work correctly, disconnect the power from
all active devices in the USB circuit, and then reconnect the power again.
USB Cables
For full-speed and high-speed connections, USB 2.0 Specifications allow two types of cable
assemblies:
•a standard detachable cable that is terminated on one end with a Series-A plug, and
terminated on the opposite end with a series “B” plug
•a captive cable that is terminated on one end with a Series-A plug, and has a vendor-specific
connection on the opposite end for the peripheral
Any other cable assemblies are prohibited.
Prohibited Cable Assemblies
The USB 2.0 Specifications prohibits specific cable assemblies. Prohibited cable assemblies may
work in some situations, but they cannot be guaranteed to work in all instances.
An example of a prohibited cable is the “extension cable”. This type of cable assembly has a
Series-A plug and a Series-A receptacle or a Series-B plug and a Series-B receptacle. This
“passive” extension cable allows you to connect multiple cable segments, possibly exceeding the
maximum permissible cable length.
Another example of a prohibited cable is one with both ends terminated in either Series-A plugs or
Series-B receptacles, allowing two downstream ports to be connected together.
USB 2.0 Specification Primer19
USB Cable Length
The maximum allowable USB cable length is determined primarily by signal attenuation and
propagation delay. A USB cable also carries VBUS and GND wires on each segment to deliver
power to bus-powered devices. VBUS is nominally +5V at the source, and the GND lead provides
a common ground reference between the upstream and downstream devices. The voltage drop
across the VBUS and GND leads can also limit the maximum cable length.
You can purchase or manufacture cables using commonly available wire that conforms to USB
specifications to a maximum length of approximately 16 feet (5 meters).
Extending USB Connections
In USB topology, the hub is the only device that you can use to link USB devices. The distance
between hosts and devices, therefore, is limited by the maximum USB cable length allowed
between devices and the maximum number of hubs allowed in a path.
In the following diagram, you can see that if all USB hub connections use 16' (5 m) cables, the
maximum distance between a host’s root hub and a function is: 6 × 16' (5 m) = 96' (30 m).
Host (Tier 1)Tier 2Tier 3Tier 4Tier 5Tier 6Tier 7
Host
Root
Hub
16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) = 96' (30 m)
Hub
1
Hub
2
Hub
3
Hub
4
Hub
5
Fu n ct i o n
Connecting a compound device limits the maximum distance to: 5 × 16' (5 m) = 80' (25 m).
Host (Tier 1)Tier 2Tier 3Tier 4Tier 5Tier 6Tier 7
Host
Root
Hub
Hub
1
Hub
2
Hub
3
Hub
4
Hub
5
16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) = 80' (25 m)
NOTE: SMART Board 600i interactive whiteboard systems and SMART Board 600 series
interactive whiteboards with the speaker option (SBA) are compound devices.
Connecting a compound device and a host with an internal non-root hub further limits the
maximum distance to: 4 × 16' (5 m) = 64' (20 m).
Host with
Internal Non-
Root Hub
Host (Tier 1)Tier 2Tier 3Tier 4Tier 5Tier 6Tier 7
Host
Ro o t
Hub
Hub
1
Hub
2
Hub
3
Hub
4
16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) + 16' (5 m) = 64' (20 m)
Fu n c t i o n
Hub
5
Compound
Device
Fu n c t i o n
20USB 2.0 Specification Primer
SMART Technologies Inc.
Corporate Headquarters
1207 – 11 Avenue SW, Suite 300
Calgary, AB T3C 0M5
CANADA
www.smarttech.com/support
www.smarttech.com/contactsupport
Support +1.403.228.5940
Toll Free 1.866.518.6791 (Canada/U.S.)
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