Simrad ES70 Reference manual

Reference manual

TECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES

www.simrad.com

Simrad ES70

Fish nding echo sounder

Fishndingechosounder

Thismanualprovidesyouwithreferenceinformation requiredtooperateandfullyunderstandthecommands, menus,operationalmodes,optionsandinterfacesprovided bytheSimradES70Fishndingechosounder.The contentsofthisreferencemanualisalsoavailableascontext sensitiveon-linehelpontheechosoundersystem.Foruser informationinbrief,refertotheSimradES70Operator manual.

SimradES70

Referencemanual

Release1.0.0

3February2010

338106/A

KongsbergMaritimeAS

Revisionstatus

Documentno:338106/ISBN-13:978-82-8066-116-6/Revision:A

Rev.A03.02.2010

Firstversion.

Licenseinformation

WhenyouhaveobtainedthenecessarylicensestooperatetheES70,westronglyadvicethatyouwrite downthehardwareIDandthelicensecodesonthispage.

Function

HardwareID:N/A

Licensecode

©2010KongsbergMaritimeAS TheinformationcontainedinthisdocumentremainsthesolepropertyofKongsbergMaritimeAS.Nopart ofthisdocumentmaybecopiedorreproducedinanyformorbyanymeans,andtheinformationcontained withinitisnottobecommunicatedtoathirdparty,withoutthepriorwrittenconsentofKongsberg MaritimeAS.Thedocument,oranypartofit,maynotbetranslatedtoanyotherlanguagewithoutthe writtenapprovalfromKongsbergMaritimeAS.

Purpose

Code

Disclaimer

KongsbergMaritimeASendeavourstoensurethatallinformationinthisdocumentiscorrectandfairly stated,butdoesnotacceptliabilityforanyerrorsoromissions.

Warning

Theequipmenttowhichthismanualappliesmustonlybeusedforthepurposeforwhichit wasdesigned.Improperuseormaintenancemaycausedamagetotheequipmentand/orinjury topersonnel.Theusermustbefamiliarwiththecontentsoftheappropriatemanualsbefore attemptingtoinstall,operateorworkontheequipment. KongsbergMaritimeASdisclaimsanyresponsibilityfordamageorinjurycausedbyimproper installation,useormaintenanceoftheequipment.

Supportinformation

Ifyourequiremaintenanceorrepair,contactyourlocaldealer.Youcanalsocontactususingthefollowing address:contact@simrad.com.Ifyouneedinformationaboutourotherproducts,visitourwebsite.On thewebsiteyouwillalsondalistofourdealersanddistributors.

KongsbergMaritimeAS

www.kongsberg.com

Referencemanual

Aboutthismanual

Thepurposeofthismanual

Thepurposeofthismanualistoprovidethedescriptions,proceduresanddetailed parameterexplanationsrequiredtoallowforsafeandefcientuseoftheSimradES70 Fishndingechosoundersystem,aswellasathoroughunderstandingofthesystem parametersandadjustments.

Click“Help”!

InstalledonyourSimradES70Fishndingechosounderyouwillndacomprehensive on-linehelpsystem.Y oumaynotnditinyourlanguage,buteverythingyoucanread intheES70Referencemanualcanalsobefoundinthecontextsensitiveon-linehelp.To accessthisinformationclick[?]ontheTitleBar,orthe[?]buttoninoneofthedialogs. Notethatwhenyouopenthehelpsystemitwillplaceitselfonthetopoftheechogram!

Softwareversion

Thismanualcompliestoechosoundersoftwareversion1.0.0.

Note

WindowsNT,Windows2000,WindowsXP ,WindowsVista,Windows7andWindowsare eitherregisteredtrademarksortrademarksofMicrosoftCorporationintheUnitedStates and/orothercountries.

References

ThefollowingusermanualshavebeenprovidedfortheSimradES70Fishndingecho sounder.EnglishmanualsareprovidedwiththeES70whenitisshipped.Manualsin otherlanguagesmaybedownloadedfromw

w w . s i m r a d . c o m .

•SimradES70Referencemanual[338106]

•SimradES70Operatormanual[343522]

•SimradES70Installationmanual[343539]

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SimradES70

ThepurposeofthischapteristoprovideanoveralldescriptionoftheES70Fishnding echosoundersystemanditsmainfeatures.

Topics

•Importantonpage10

•Systemoverviewonpage11

•Wavepropagationonpage14

•Bottomechoonpage15

•Split-beamoperationonpage16

•Observationrangeonpage17

Important

Aswithallotheradvancedinstruments,thereareafewimportantthingsthatyoumustbe awareof.

Whentheechosounderisnotused

WhenyoudonotusetheES70,switchoffthedisplayandthecomputer.Youmayswitch ofthetransceivertoo.

Whendockingyourvessel

ItisveryimportantthatnoonetriestousetheES70whenthevesselisindrydock.If thetransducerisactivatedwhenoutofwateritmaybedamagedbeyondrepair.To ensurethatthiscannothappen,removethepowersupplytotheeitherthecomputeror thetransceiver-orboth!Youmayalsoremovecircuitbreakers.Dothisb vesselisplacedinthedrydock!

e f o r e the

Ifsomethingbreaksdown

Ifyoubelievethatsomethinghasbrokendown,contactyourlocaldealer.Hewillbe abletoassist.

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SimradES70

Whenyouswitchofftheechosounder

YoumustNEVERswitchofftheechosounderbymeansoftheon/offswitchonthe computer.Y oumustALW AYSexittheES70applicationbyclickingtheExitbuttonon theTitleBar.Ifyoupowerdownthesounderbymeansofthecomputerswitchyoumay damagetheES70applicationandtheelectronicinterfaceparametersfortheexternal devices.

Systemoverview

ThissectionprovidesthekeyfactsabouttheES70Fishndingechosoundersystem,as wellasabriefintroductiontothemainunits.

Keyfacts

TheSimradES70Fishndingechosounderisdesignedfortheprofessionalshery communityimplementingthelatestinnovations.Echosoundersrangingfromrelatively low-costsinglebeamtolargemulti-frequencysystemscontainingseveralsplit-beam channelscanberealised.

•TheSimradES70Fishndingechosoundersystemisexibleandeasytosetup

duetoitsmodulardesign.

•Menusanddialogsareoperatedusingastandardcomputermouseoratrackball.

•Additionaluserinputcanbefacilitatedusingastandardcomputerkeyboard.

•TheES70supportslargecolourdisplaymonitors.

•TheES70usestheMicrosoftWindows®operatingsystem.ItcompliestoWindows

XP®andWindows7®.

•TheES70providesyouwithanawardwinninguserinterface.Menusystem,dialogs

andstructurehavebeencreatedusinginnovativedesign,andinclosecooperation withcustomers.

•Astore/replayfunctionreducestheneedforechogramprintoutonpaper.The

unprocessedtransducersignalisrecordedontheinternalharddisk.Duringreplay, thissignalisinjectedintotheES70processingsoftwareasifitarriveddirectlyfrom thetransceiver.

Mainunits

ThebasicES70Fishndingechosounderconsistsof:

•Display

•Computer(TheES70MarineComputermaybeprovided)

•OneormoreGeneralPurposeTransceiver(GPT)units

•Oneormorestandardsinglebeamtransducers

•Oneormoresplit-beamtransducers

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SimradES70

Colourdisplay

Astandardcommercialcolourdisplayisused.Thedisplayunitisnormallynotprovided bySimrad.Severalcommercialtypesandsizesareavailable.

ES70MarineComputer

SimradcansupplytheES70MarineComputerfortheES70Fishndingechosounder system.

Figure1ES70MarineComputer

Acommercialcomputermayalsobeused.Itmustcomplytotherequirement specicationslaidoutbyMicrosoftfortheiroperatingsystems.Itmustalsoprovidethe necessaryinterfacefacilities(seriallinesandEthernetconnections)thatyoursystemwill needtocommunicatewithexternalsensors(measuringdevices)andperipheralsystems.

GeneralPurposeTransceiver(GPT)

TheGeneralPurposeTransceiver(GPT)containstransmitterandreceiverelectronics. Thereceiversaredesignedforlownoise,andtheycanhandleinputsignalsspanninga verylargeinstantaneousdynamicamplituderangeof150dB.Alltargetsarecorrectly measuredanddisplayed.

Figure2GeneralPurposeTransceiver(GPT)

AtwistedpairEthernetcableconnectstheGeneralPurposeTransceiver(GPT)tothe computer.ThedistancebetweenthecomputerandtheGeneralPurposeTransceivercan beextendeduptomaximum100meters.

Ifmorethanonetransceiverisused,asmallEthernetswitchisrequiredtoconnectthe GeneralPurposeTransceiverstothecomputer.

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SimradES70

PWR

Transducer

+5V +12V

-12V HV1 HV2

TX RX

Fuse10A

115-230VAC

Fuse2A

S1 S2

12VDC

Auxiliary

Ethernet

GeneralPurpose Transceiver

DSP-6X IO

POWER

Ethernet

Standardsinglebeamtransducer

TheES70mustbeconnectedtooneormoretransducers.

Awiderangeofoperationalfrequenciesareavailable.

FormoreinformationaboutthesinglebeamtransducersprovidedbySimrad,consult

w w . s i m r a d . c o m .

Split–beamtransducer

TheES70canbeusedwithSimrad’sadvancedsplit-beamtransducers.Thesetransducers areavailableatfrequenciesrangingfrom18to200kHz.

Formoreinformationaboutthesplit–beamtransducersprovidedbySimrad,consult

w w . s i m r a d . c o m .

Simpliedsystemdiagrams

Thesystemdiagramsprovidedshowe x a m p l e s onhowaES70systemmaybesetup.

Figure3SystemdiagramwithasingleGeneralPurposeTransceiver

ADisplayUnit

BProcessorUnit(computer)

CGeneralPurposeTransceiver(GPT)

DTransducer(s)

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SimradES70

PWR

Transducer

+5V +12V

-12V HV1 HV2

TX RX

Fuse10A

115-230VAC

Fuse2A

S1 S2

12VDC

Auxiliary

Ethernet

GeneralPurpose Transceiver

DSP-6X IO

POWER

Ethernet

Transducer

+5V +12V

-12V HV1 HV2

TX RX

Fuse10A

115-230VAC

Fuse2A

S1 S2

12VDC

Auxiliary

Ethernet

GeneralPurpose Transceiver

DSP-6X IO

POWER

Ethernet

(CD024216-002)

(CD010217C)

(CD010217G)

Figure4SystemdiagramwithtwoGeneralPurposeTransceivers

ADisplayUnit

BProcessorUnit(computer)

CGeneralPurposeTransceiver

(GPT)

DTransducer(s)

EEthernetswitch

Wavepropagation

Thevelocityofsoundwavepropagationintheseavariesslightlywithtemperature, salinityandpressure.Thevelocityvariesbetween1440and1520m/sinshallowsea water,whileavelocityaround1480m/scanbeexpectedat1000mdepth.Inshallow freshwaterthevelocityisapproximately1430m/s.

AgoodaveragevaluetobeusedintheEnvironmentdialogis1470m/s.

Figure5W avepropagationfromaatbottom

TheES70transmitshighenergysoundwave pulsesintothesea.Aatbottomreectsthe transmittedwaveasifitwereamirror.The propagatingenergyisspreadoveralargerand largerareaasittravelsdowntothebottomand upagain.Theenergyisspreadoverafourtimes largerareaeverytimethetraveldistancedoubles.

Alargeschoolofshreectssoundwavessimilarly.Thistypeofspreadingisreferredto assquare-lawor20logTVG(TimeV aryingGain)spreading.

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SimradES70

(CD010217H)

Thesituationisslightlydifferentwhenobservingtheechoesfromindividualsh.The transmittedwaveundergoessquare-lawspreadingwhentravellingfromthesurfaceand downtothesh.Theswimbladderoftheshscattersasmallfractionofthearriving energyinalldirections.Travellingfromtheshandbacktowardsthesurfacethe scatteredwaveundergoesanothersquare-lawspreading.Thecombinedeffectisreferred toasquad-lawor40logTVGspreading.

Intheechosounder’sEchogramdialog20logTVGspreadingiscalledSchoolGainand

BottomGain,while40logTVGspreadingiscalledFishGain.

Figure6W avepropagationfromash

Propagationlossesduetoabsorptionaremuch higherinseawaterthaninfreshwater.Absorption alsoincreaseswithfrequency.At38kHzthe absorptionis0.5dB/kminfreshwaterand10 dB/kminseawater.At200kHztheabsorption is10dB/kminfreshwaterand50dB/kminsalt water.Theechosoundermustknowwhichwater typeispresentinordertocompensateforthese lossescorrectly.

ThedB(decibel)unithaslongtraditionsinunderwateracousticsandothereldsin physics.Itisalogarithmicmeasurefortheratiobetweentwoquantities.

Relatedtopics

•AboutTVGgainonpage205

•Echogramonpage158

•Environmentonpage149

Bottomecho

Ahardatbottomreectsthetransmittedsignalasifitwereamirror.Thetransmitted pulsehitstheilluminatedbottomareaatnearlythesameinstant,andtheechofrom differentpartsofthisareaarrivebackatthesurfacealsoatnearlythesameinstant.

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SimradES70

(CD010217I)

Figure7Bottomechoprinciples

Thereceivedechosignalisbasicallyanattenuated copyoftheshorttransmitpulse.Theechosignal fromaslopedbottomischaracterisedbyhaving alongerdurationandaslowerriseandfalltime. Thetransmittedpulsersthitstheslopeatpoint (A),andastimeelapsesthereectionpointtravels alongtheslopetowardspoint(B).Manylocations donothaveasolidhardbottom.Frequently,the bottomiscomposedoflayersofmud,clayand sandwhichcanbeobservedascolouredbandson theechosounderdisplay.

Thebottomdetectionalgorithmisimplementedsolelyinsoftware,andseparate algorithmsarerunforeachfrequencychannel.Thealgorithmisdesignedwithemphasis onreliabilityinthesensethaterroneousdepthdetectionsareneveroutput.Wheneverthe qualityofadetectionisquestionablethealgorithmoutputsadepthof0.00toindicatethat noreliabledetectionwasobtained.TheES70algorithmisdesignedtohandleanumber ofdifcultsituations.Thealgorithmmaintainsbottomlockforadiscontinuousjumpin bottomdepth.Itavoidsfalsebottomdetectionsonadenseschoolofsh.Thealgorithm choosestheupperboundaryoftherstlayerwhenthebottomconsistsoflayers.

Thebottomdetectionalgorithmlockstotherstgoodbottomreturn.Thedepthatpoint Aratherthanthedepthalongthetransduceraxiswillbeoutputforaslopedbottom.The detecteddepthvalueisalwayssmallerthanthedepthalongthetransduceraxisimplying thatasafetymarginisautomaticallyincluded.

Split-beamoperation

TheES70usesthesplit-beamtechniqueforassessmentofthesizedistributionof individualsh.Asplit-beamtransduceriselectricallydividedintofourquadrants.All fourquadrantsareexcitedinparallelduringtransmission.However,thereceivedsignal fromeachquadrantisseparatelyampliedinafour-channelmatchedreceiverallowing thedirectionofarrivalofanechotobedetermined.

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SimradES70

(CD010217K)

A B

Figure8Splitbeamprinciples

Anacousticwavefrontpropagatingtowardsthe transducerarrivesatthefourquadrantsatdifferent timescausingthephaseangleoftheelectrical outputsignalfromthequadrantstodiffer.The fore-and-aftangleisdeterminedfromtheelectrical phasedifferencebetweentheforeandtheaft transducerhalves,andtheathwartshipsangleis determinedfromthestarboardandportsignals.

FishAispositionedalongthetransduceraxiswherethetransducerhasitsmaximum sensitivity,whileFishBispositionedtowardstheedgeofthebeamwherethesensitivity islower.Evidently,theechosignalfromFishAwillbestrongerthanthesignalfrom FishBeventhoughtheyareofthesamesizeandatthesamedepth.Hence,determining shsizefromthereceivedechostrengthalonewillnotbetoosuccessful.Asplit-beam echosoundermeasuresthepositionoftheshwithinthebeam.Thesoundercorrectsfor thedifferenceintransducersensitivityandcomputesthetruesizeofthesh.

Thesplit-beammeasurementtechniqueonlyworksforechoesoriginatingfromone singleshsincetheelectricalphasewillberandomifechoesfrommultipleindividuals atdifferentpositionsinthebeamarereceivedsimultaneously.

Consequently,measurementofshsizeinsideaschoolofshtendstobeunreliable.

Observationrange

Absorptionincreasesdramaticallywithfrequencyinsaltwater.Formaximum observationrangeyoushouldselectalowoperatingfrequency,alargetransducerandthe maximumtransmitpower.

Typicalobservationrangesareshowninthetable.UsingtheSimradES38Btransducer (38kHz,7x7degrees,2000W)youcanobservea60centimetrecoddownto950meters, andbottomdetectionworksdownto2800meters.However,withtheSimradES200–7C transducer(200kHz,7x7degrees,1000W)youcanonlyobservethatsamecoddownto 270meters,andbottomdetectionbecomesunreliablebelow500meters.

Table1Maximumdetectiondepth,singlebeamtransducers

TransducerFrequency

(kHz)

12–161216,4193200085010000

27–26278,18387300011004400

Pulse duration (ms)

Bandwidth (hz)

Txpower (W)

Rangesh (m)

Range bottom(m)

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SimradES70

Table1Maximumdetectiondepth,singlebeamtransducers(cont’d.)

TransducerFrequency

(kHz)

Pulse duration

Bandwidth (hz)

Txpower (W)

Rangesh (m)

(ms)

38/200D

38–9384,0976615008002600

38–7384,0976620009502800

50/200D

50–7502,05149320007001900

120–251201,0230261000390800

50/200D

384,0976610005002100

502,05149310005001500

2001,0230881000280550

Table2Maximumdetectiondepth,splitbeamtransducers

TransducerFrequency

(kHz)

ES18–11188,21382200011007000

ES38B384,0976620009502800

ES70–11702,0515268004501100

ES120–7C1201,0230261000440850

ES200–7C2001,0230881000270550

Pulse duration

Bandwidth (hz)

Txpower (W)

Rangesh (m)

(ms)

Range bottom(m)

Theserangecalculationsassumeanormalseawatersalinity(3.5ppt)andtemperature (+10degreesCelcius),anaveragebottom(surfacebackscatteringstrength=-20dB)and anoiseleveltypicalforamovingvessel.

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Gettingstarted

ThischapterdescribeshowtogetstartedwiththebasicoperationoftheES70Fish ndingechosounder.

Note

ThischapterassumesthattheES70Fishndingechosounderhasatleastonefrequency channel(transceiverandtransducer)readilyconnected.Ifthisisnotthecase,observe theprocedure.

Gettingstarted

→Howtoinstallafrequencychannelonpage82

Topics

•PowerOn/Offproceduresonpage19

•Usingthetrackballonpage21

•Startingnormaloperationonpage21

•Echosounderpresentationsonpage28

•TitleBaronpage30

•Taskbaronpage31

•Themenusystemonpage31

PowerOn/Offprocedures

Note

Makesurethatyouhavesufcientwaterbelowthehullb e f o r e youpoweruptheecho sounder.Ifyoustarttheechosounderwiththetransducerinair ,youmaydamageit beyondrepair!

HowtopoweruptheES70echosounder

1PoweruptheGeneralPurposeTransceiver(GPT)unit.

2Powerupthecomputerandthedisplay.

3WaituntiltheES70programstartsonthecomputer.

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SimradES70

WhentheES70starts,youmayseeadialogrequestingpermissiontoupgradethe rmwareonthetransceiver.Thishappensifthermwareonthetransceiverisolder thanthermwareprovidedasapartoftheES70software.Sincefunctionality ontheES70maydependonthermwareinthetransceiver,clickYestoupgrade thetransceiver.

Duringtheprograminitialisation,adialogappearstoletyouchoosefromthecurrent usersettingsavailableontheES70.Thedialogisonlyvisibleafewseconds.You donotneedtomakeachoicehere.Y oucanselectusersettingatanytimebymeans oftheUserSettingdialogontheMainmenu.

4Chooseoperationalmode:

aObservetheMainmenuontherighthandsideoftheES70presentation.

bClicktheOperationmenuicontoopentheOperationmenu.

cClicktheOperationbutton,andselectNormal.

5OnthePingbutton,clickthesymbolontherighthandsidetostartpinging.

6ObservethattheES70starts.

•TheES70startsupusingthesameoperationalparametersasthelasttimeyou usedit.Iftheseparametersareacceptable,continueoperation.Ifyouwishtoalter basicoperationalparameters,seesectionStartingnormaloperationonpage21.

•WhentheES70starts,itisveryimportantthatitdetectsthebottomcorrectly. Inmostcasesthiswilltakeplaceautomatically.However,wehaveexperienced thatlargeschoolsofshordifcultbottomconditionshavedeceivedtheES70to displaythewrongdepth.Inthesecasesthesoundermaydisplaythebottomat 0,0meters,orwithanyotherabnormalvalue.InordertoaidtheES70tolocate thecorrectdepth,observethededicatedprocedure.SeeHowtodenemaximum andminimumdepthonpage76.

HowtopowerofftheES70echosounder

Note

YoumustNEVERswitchofftheechosounderonlybymeansoftheon/offswitchon thecomputer.Thismaydamagethesoftwareortheinterfaceparametersforexternal devices.Y oumustALWAYSusethisprocedure.

1ClicktheExitbuttonontheTitleBarinthetoprightcorneroftheES70presentation.

2ObservethattheES70applicationclosesdown.

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Gettingstarted

(CD010216A)

3Ifthecomputerdoesnotswitchitselfoffautomatically,usethefunctionality

providedbytheoperatingsystemtoswitchitoffmanually.

4Switchoffthepowertothedisplayandtothetransceiver(s).

Usingthetrackball

AllES70functionsarecontrolledwiththetrackball.Thistrackballisconnectedtothe computer,andbymeansofthebuttonsandthewheelyoucancontrolallthedialogsand parametersettings.Astandardcomputermousecanalsobeused.Ifyouwishtousea mouse,werecommendthatyoundoneequippedwithacontrolwheel.

AControlwheel

BTrackball

CRightmousebutton

DLeftmousebutton

Startingnormaloperation

OnceyouhavepowereduptheES70andthedisplay ,youarereadytostarttheactual operation.Whenyouhavechosenoperationalmode,theechosounderstartsusingits previoussetupparameters.

Note

Iftheseparametersareacceptableyoudonotneedtocarryouttheremainingprocedures inthissection.

TheseprocedurebelowassumesthattheES70Fishndingechosounderhasatleast onefrequencychannel(transceiverandtransducer)readilyconnected.Ifthisisnot thecase,observetheprocedure.

→Howtoinstallafrequencychannelonpage82

1Chooseoperationalmode

2Checkthetransceiverandtransducersettings

3Checkthebottomdetectorsettings

4Checkthecolourscalesettings

5Checkthesizedistributionandshpositionsettings

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SimradES70

6Checktheechogramsettings

7Checktherangesettings

Howtochooseoperationalmode

1ObservetheMainmenuontherighthandsideoftheES70presentation.

2ClicktheOperationmenuicontoopentheOperationmenu.

3ClicktheOperationbutton,andselectNormal.

Howtocheckthetransceiverandtransducersettings

1Observethatthecurrentlyconnectedtransducer(s)areshownastabsontheT askbar.

Eachtransducernamealsoidentiestheoperationalfrequency.

2ClicktheSetupicontoopentheSetupmenu.

→Setupmenuonpage108

3OntheSetupmenu,clickInstallation,andthenTransceiverInstallation.

ObservethattheT ransceiverInstallationdialogopens.Thisdialogisusedto controlthecommunicationbetweentheES70computerandthetransceiver(s)and transducer(s).

→TransceiverInstallationonpage153

4Checkthatallapplicabletransceiversandtransducersareconnectedandoperational.

Foreachtransceiver,thisisindicatedbythegreenlabelwithtext“Installed”.

5ClickOKtosavethesettingsandclosethedialog.

6ClicktheOperationicontoopentheOperationmenu.

→Operationmenuonpage106

7OntheOperationmenu,clickNormalOperation.

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ObservethattheNormalOperationdialogopens.Thisdialogisusedtodene variousparametersassociatedwiththetransceiver.Thesesettingsinclude transceivermode,thedepthofthetransducersurface,thetransmitpower,andthe pulseduration.NotethatthisdialogisnotavailableinReplaymode.

→NormalOperationonpage121

8Foreachchannel(transceiver/transducercombination):

aSetModetoActive.

bSetPulseLengthtoAuto.

TheES70willautomaticallychoosethebestpulsedurationtottheoperational frequency,modeandcurrentdepth.Thepulsedurationdenestheresolution.

→Aboutpulsedurationonpage207

cSetPowertomaximum.

dCheckthattheDepthvalueissetcorrectly.

Thisisthedepthofthetransducerfacerelativetothewatersurface.Apositive valueofforexample5metersmeansthatthetransducerislocated5meters belowtheseasurface.Foraccuratedepthreadings,thisDepthvaluemustbe setupcorrectly.

Gettingstarted

9ClickOKtosavethesettingsandclosethedialog.

Howtocheckthebottomdetectorsettings

1ClicktheActiveicontoopentheActivemenu.

→Activemenuonpage109

2OntheActivemenu,clickBottomDetector.

ObservethattheBottomDetectordialogopens.Thisdialogisusedtodenevarious parametersassociatedwiththebottomdetection.Theseincludethedepthrange, wheretheES70searchesforthebottom.

→BottomDetectoronpage167

3SetMinimumDepthandMaximumDepthtovaluestforthedepthatyourcurrent

location.

Note

SettingbothMinimumDepthandMaximumDepthto0mwillturnoffbottom detection.

4ClickOKtosavethesettingsandclosethedialog.

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SimradES70

Howtocheckthecolourscalesettings

1ClicktheColourScaleiconontheTitleBartoopentheColourScaleinformation

pane.

→ColourScaleinformationpaneonpage53

2Observethatthecurrentcolourscaleisshown.

Youcanlterouttheweakestechoesbymanuallymodifyingthecolourthreshold.

aClicktheColourScaleiconontheTitleBartoopentheColourScaleinformation

pane.

bMovethecursortotheleftsideofthecolourscale.

Observethatthecursorchangesshapetoadualarrowline.

cClickontheleftedgeofthecolourscale,anddragtheedgetowardsright.

dObservethattheweakestcoloursareremovedfromthecolourscale,andthus

alsotheweakestechoesfromtheechogrampresentation.

3ClicktheDisplayicontoopentheDisplaymenu.

→Displaymenuonpage107

4OntheDisplaymenu,clickColourSetup.

ObservethattheColourSetupdialogopens.Thisdialogisusedtodenewhich colourscaletouseontheES70presentations.Y oucantesttheoptionsbymaking aselection,andclickingApply.Theresultingcolourscaleisimmediatelyshown intheColourScaleinformationpane.

Whenthecolourscaleuses12colours,eachcolouralwaysrepresentsa3dBvalue range.Using12coloursthusenablesmappingofa36dBvaluerangetocolours.

→ColourSetuponpage125

5ClickOKtoacceptthedefaultsettingsandclosethedialog.

Howtocheckthesizedistributionandshpositionsettings

Note

Sizedistributionandshpositioninformationpanesareonlyavailableifyouusea splitbeamechosoundersystem!

1ClicktheSizeDistributioniconontheTitleBartoopentheSizeDistribution

informationpane.

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Gettingstarted

TheSizeDistributioninformationpaneshowsahistogramofthesingleshechoes detectedintheechogram.Foranaccuratex-axisvalue,placethecursoronavertical barinthehistogram,andreadthevaluefromthelabel.TheabbreviationTSis commonlyused.Itmeans“TargetStrength”,andthisisameasureofhowstrong echotheindividualshesinthecurrentechogramgenerate.Theechostrength indicatesthesizeoftheshes.TheSizeDistributioninformationpanethusprovides amathematicalestimateofthesizesofallthechosenshspeciesintheechogram.

→SizeDistributioninformationpaneonpage54

Tochangetheshspecies,usetheFishSelectdialogopenedontheSetupmenu.

→FishSelectonpage139

2IntheSizeDistributioninformationpane,clicktheSetupiconinthetoprightcorner

toopentheSizeDistributiondialog.

TheSizeDistributiondialogallowsyoutoshapethesizedistributionhistogram toyourownrequirements.Y oucansetupthemode,theupperandlowerlimits, theaccuracy,andtheverticalresolution.

→SizeDistributiononpage166

3ClickOKtosavethesettingsandclosethedialog.

4ClicktheFishPositioniconontheTitleBartoopentheFishPositioninformation

pane.

TheFishPositioninformationpaneshowsthepositionwithinthebeamofthe detectedsingleechoesforthecurrentping(largestcircles)andthethreeprevious ping(smallercircles).Thecoloursindicatetheechostrength.

→FishPositioninformationpaneonpage55

Howtochecktheechogramsettings

1ObservetheES70echogram.

Ifyouhavetwoormorechannels(transducers/frequencies),observethetabson theT askbar.

→Displayorganisationonpage34

2Clickoneofthetransducertabs.Observethatonlytheechogramfromtheselected

frequencychannelisshown.

Bydefault,twoechogramsareshownforeachfrequencychannel.Thetop echogramissurfacerelated,whilethebottomechogramisbottomrelated.Several echogramtypesareprovided.

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•Surface:Theechogramisrelatedtotheseasurface.Startdepth(upperechogram

boundary)andverticalrange(acrossechogram)aremanuallyselectedbythe

StartDepthandRangebuttonsontheMainmenu.

→StartRangeonpage114

→Rangeonpage113

•Bottom:Theechogramisrelatedtothedetectedbottom.Stopdepth(lower

echogramboundary)andverticalrangearemanuallyselectedbytheStartDepth andRangebuttonsontheMainmenu.Theechogramisonlydrawnforpings havingasuccessfulbottomdetection.

•Pelagic:ThisechogramisnearlyidenticaltotheSurfaceechogram.However,

thebiomasscalculationsarenotrestrictedbythebottomdetection.Thismeans thatthebottomechowillbeincludedincalculationsifitappearswithinthe chosenrange.

Example:Ifyouareinvestigatingalargeschoolofpelagicsh,settheStart

RangeandRangetoenclosetheschool.Iftheschoolislargeenough,aSurface

echogrammaymistakeitforbottom,andthebiomassreadingswillbewrong. ThePelagicechogramwillhoweverdisregardthebottomdetection,andgivea correctestimateofthebiomass.

•Trawl:Trawlsensorsystemscommunicateheadropedepthand

headrope-to-footropedistancetotheES70atregularintervals.Theechogram coverstheverticalopeningofthetrawlincludingasmallmarginateachside. Theheadropeandfootropemarginsareidentical.Thebiomasscalculationsare notrestrictedbythebottomdetection.

TheirsizeisselectedintheTrawldialog.Theheadrope-to-footropedistancecan bemanuallysetintheTrawldialogfortrawlsensorsystemsnotmeasuringthe trawlopening,orwhenthemeasuredheadrope-to-footropedistanceisunreliable. Theechogramisonlydrawnwhentrawlpositioninformationisavailable.

→Trawlonpage145

3Movethecursorovertheechogram.

Observethatarectangular“tooltip”labelisshown.Itprovidesinformationabout theechoesatthecursor’spresentposition.Whichinformationtoincludeinthelabel isdenedintheDisplayOptionsdialog.

→DisplayOptionsonpage130

4ClicktheHorizontaltab.Observethattheechogramchannelsareshownhorizontally.

5ClicktheV erticaltab.Observethattheechogramchannelsareshownvertically.

6Clickononeoftheechograms.

Observethattheechogramthenappearswithathickborderline.Theechogramyou haveselectedisnowthe“active”echogram.AnychangesmadeintheEchogram dialogwillbydefaultonlyapplytothisechogram.

→Echogramsonpage44

7OntheActivemenu,clickEchogram.

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ObservethattheEchogramdialogopens.Thisdialogisusedtocontrolthe appearanceoftheactiveechogram.

→Echogramonpage158

8IntheEchogramdialog,checkthattheLinestabisshown.

TheLinestabintheEchogramdialogallowsyoutochangetheappearanceofthe bottomline.Y oucanaddanextrabottomline,andinadditiontothisyoucanenable eitherawhitelineorahardnessindicatorline.Thetaboffersseveralhorizontal informationlines,andyoucanchoosetheverticalscaleoftheechogram.Finally, theLinestabofferstimeordistancemarkers,andyoucanenableannotations.

9ClickBottomlineandWhitelinetoenablethese.Observethechangesonthe

echogram.

10ClicktheEchogramtab.

TheEchogramtabintheEchogramdialogallowsyoutoselectwhichTVGcurveto usefortheechogram.Y oucanchoosefromseveralstandardcurves,ormakeyour own.Thetabalsoallowsyoutochoosewhichtypeofechogramyouwishtodisplay.

→AboutTVGgainonpage205

11ChangetheEchogramT ypetoseethevariations.

12ClicktheHorizontalAxistab.

TheHorizontalAxistabintheEchogramdialogallowsyoutochoosethehorizontal scaleoftheechogram.Thiscontrolshow“fast”theechogrammovesfromright towardsleftacrossthedisplay.

13Trythevariousoptionstoseethevariationsontheechogram.

14ClickOKtosavethecurrentsettingsandclosethedialog.

Howtochecktherangesettings

1Observetheverticalrangeoftheechograms.

Notethattheverticalrangeissetupdifferentlydependingontheechogramtype.

2Clickinasurfacerelatedechogramtomakeit“active”.

3ObservetheRangebuttonontheMainmenu.

TheRangefunctionallowsyoutospecifytheverticalrangeofthewatercolumn coveredbytheechogram.Therangeisdenedfromaselectedstartrange,and downtoavaluebeneaththecurrentbottomdepth.Thevalueshownandselectedis bydefaultappliedonlytothecurrentlyselectedechogram.

4ObservetheStartRangebuttonontheMainmenu.

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StartRangeallowsyoutospecifythestartdepthoftheechogram,thatisfrom

whichdepthinthewatercolumnthepresentationshallstart.Thevalueshownand selectedisappliedtothecurrentlyselectedechogramtype.

Example:Inasurfaceechogram,settheStartRangevalueto0meters.Thiswill maketheechogramstartfromtheseasurface(providedthatthetransduceroffset hasbeendened).SetRangetothecurrentdepthplus20meters.Theechogramwill nowshowtheareafromtheseasurfaceanddownto20meters“below”thebottom. Thebottomcontouriseasilydetectedwhenthedepthchanges.

Example:Inasurfaceechogram,settheStartRangevalueto10meters.Thiswill maketheechogramstartfrom10metersbelowtheseasurface(providedthatthe transduceroffsethasbeendened).SetRangetothecurrentdepthplus20meters. Theechogramwillnowshowtheareafrom10metersbelowtheseasurface,and downto10meters“below”thebottom.Thebottomcontouriseasilydetected whenthedepthchanges.

5SetRangetoAuto,andsetStartRangeto0.

Observethechangesmadetothesurfacerelatedechogram.

6Clickinabottomrelatedechogramtomakeit“active”.

7ObservetheRangeandStartRangebuttonsontheMainmenu.

Example:Inabottomechogram,settheStartRangevalueto–5meters.This willmaketheechogramstartfrom5metersabovethebottom.SetRangetothe5 metersplus10=15meters.Theechogramwillnowshowtheareafrom5meters abovethedepth,anddownto10meters“below”thebottom.Thebottomcontour willappearasaatline.

8SetRangeto15,andsetStartRangeto5.

Observethechangesmadetothebottomrelatedechogram.

Echosounderpresentations

ThissectiondescribestheoveralllayoutofthepresentationprovidedbytheES70echo sounder.

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Simrad ES70 Reference manual

Tableofcontents

Aboutthismanual

SimradES70

Important

Systemoverview

Keyfacts

Mainunits

Colourdisplay

ES70MarineComputer

GeneralPurposeTransceiver(GPT)

Standardsinglebeamtransducer

Split–beamtransducer

Wavepropagation

Bottomecho

Split-beamoperation

Observationrange

Gettingstarted

PowerOn/Offprocedures

Usingthetrackball

Startingnormaloperation

Howtochooseoperationalmode

Howtocheckthetransceiverandtransducersettings

Howtocheckthebottomdetectorsettings

Howtocheckthecolourscalesettings

Howtochecktheechogramsettings

Howtochecktherangesettings

Echosounderpresentations