Sigma 1-15PK, 3-16PK Operating Manual

Download

Operating Manual

Refrigerated Centrifuge

1-15PK

from serial no. 120506

Please retain for later use!

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 3 of 75 English translation

In case of inquiries please state the following number:

Serial number:

Phone +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-0 Fax +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-12 E-mail: info@sigma-zentrifugen.de

For service please use our online service request form:

www.sigma-zentrifugen.de → [Contacts] → [Service request]

or contact: Phone +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-8425 Fax +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-9425 E-mail: service@sigma-zentrifugen.de

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 7 of 75 English translation

Table of Contents

1 General Information 11

1.1 Importance of the Operating Manual 11

1.2 Intended Use 11

1.3 Technical Data 13

1.3.1 Ambient Temperature 13

1.4 Scope of Supply 15

1.5 Standards and Regulations 15

2 Safety Instructions and Hazard Warnings 16

2.1 Symbols used in the Safety Instructions 16

2.2 Symbols used in the Operating Manual 17

2.3 Informal Notes on Safety 17

2.4 Safety Instructions for Centrifugation 18

2.4.1 Special Instructions 18

2.4.2 Resistance of Plastics 19

2.5 Prohibited Centrifuging Operations and Hazard Warnings 19

2.5.1 Special Hazards 20

2.6 Checks by the Operator 21

2.7 Instructions for Emergency Situations 21

2.8 Remaining Hazards 21

3 Transport and Storage 22

3.1 Dimensions and Weight 22

3.2 Notes on Transport 22

3.3 Notes on Storage 22

4 Set-up and Connection 23

4.1 Unpacking the Centrifuge 23

4.1.1 Transport Safety Device 23

4.2 Installation 24

4.2.1 Installation Site 24

4.2.2 Connection 24

4.2.3 Fuses 24

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 8 of 75 English translation

5 Using the Centrifuge 25

5.1 Description 25

5.1.1 Operating Elements 25

5.1.1.1 Operating Panel 26

5.1.1.2 Name Plate 26

5.1.2 Construction and Constructive Safety Measures 27

5.1.3 Drive 27

5.1.4 Operation and Display 27

5.1.5 Electronic System 27

5.1.6 Safety Devices 28

5.1.6.1 Lid Lock and Lid Closing Device 28

5.1.6.2 Standstill Monitoring 28

5.1.6.3 System Check 28

5.1.6.4 Ground Wire Check 28

5.1.6.5 Imbalance Monitoring System 28

5.2 Initial Start-Up 29

5.2.1 Switching the Centrifuge ON 29

5.2.2 Opening and Closing the Lid 29

5.2.3 Installation of Rotors 30

5.2.3.1 Installation of Angle Rotors with a Hermetically Sealed Lid 31

5.2.3.2 Installation of the Microhematocrite Rotor 32

5.2.4 Installation of Accessories 33

5.2.4.1 Tubes 34

5.2.5 Service Life of Rotors and Accessories 34

5.2.6 Starting the Centrifuge 35

5.2.7 Interrupting a Centrifugation Run 35

5.2.7.1 Interrupting a Deceleration Process 35

5.2.7.2 Softstart and Softstop Function 35

5.3 Display / Program Options 36

5.3.1 Time 36

5.3.1.1 Changing the Time Increments 37

5.3.1.2 Short Run 37

5.3.1.3 Continuous Run 37

5.3.2 Speed 38

5.3.2.1 Changing the Speed Increments 38

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 9 of 75 English translation

5.3.3 Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF) 39

5.3.3.1 Changing the RCF Increments 39

5.3.4 Temperature 40

5.3.4.1 Precooling 41

5.3.5 Rotors 42

5.3.6 Program 43

5.3.6.1 Saving the Current Settings 43

5.3.6.2 Calling Up Stored Programs 43

5.3.7 Lockdown 44

5.3.7.1 Permanent Lockdown 44

5.3.8 Activating/Deactivating the Automatic Lid Opening Function 44

5.3.9 Activating/Deactivating the Sound Signal 45

6 Malfunctions and Error Correction 46

6.1 Error Mode 46

6.2 Error Correction 46

6.2.1 No Indication on the Display 46

6.2.2 Centrifuge cannot be started 46

6.2.3 Centrifuge decelerates during Operation 46

6.2.4 Atypical running noises 46

6.2.5 Lid cannot be opened 47

6.2.6 Temperature value cannot be reached 47

6.2.7 Emergency Lid Release 47

6.2.8 Error Codes 48

6.2.9 Service Contact 49

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 10 of 75 English translation

7 Care and Maintenance 50

7.1 Cleaning and Care 50

7.1.1 Centrifuge 50

7.1.2 Accessories 51

7.1.2.1 Plastic Accessories 51

7.1.2.2 Aluminum Accessories 51

7.1.3 Rotor, Buckets, and Multiple Carriers 52

7.1.3.1 Microhematocrite Rotor 52

7.1.4 Load-bearing Bolts 53

7.1.5 Glass Breakage 53

7.1.6 Condenser 54

7.2 Sterilization and Disinfection of the Rotor Chamber and Accessories 54

7.2.1 Autoclaving 55

8 Disposal 56

8.1 Disposal of the Centrifuge 56

8.2 Disposal of the Packaging 56

9 Warranty and Liability 56 10 Suitable Accessories 57

10.1 Maximum speed for tubes 58

10.2 Graphical Representation of the Rotors 59

11 Appendix 60

11.1 Formulae – Mathematical Relations 60

11.1.1 Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF) 60

11.1.2 Density 60

11.1.3 Speed-Gravitational-Field-Diagram 60

11.2 Declaration of Decontamination/Return Declaration 62

11.3 Resistance Data 69

12 Index 73

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 11 of 75 English translation

1 General Information

1.1 Importance of the Operating Manual

• A fundamental requirement for the safe and trouble-free operation of the centrifuge is to be familiar with the fundamental safety instructions and all possible hazards.

• The operating manual includes important information concerning the safe operation of the centrifuge.

• This operating manual and in particular the notes on safety a nd hazards must be observed by all persons operating the centrifuge.

• In addition, the local rules and regulations for the prevention of accidents must be complied with.

1.2 Intended Use

Centrifuges are power-driven machines that separate liquids from solid matter, liquid mixtures, or solid mixtures by centrifugal force (see BGR 500, chapter 2.11, part 3). They are solely intended for this purpose. Any other use beyond this area of application is regarded as improper use. SIGMA Laborzentrifugen GmbH cannot be held liable for any damage resulting from such improper use.

The intended use also includes

• observation of all the notes and instructions included in the operating manual and

• compliance with the care, cleaning, and maintenance instructions.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 13 of 75 English translation

1.3 Technical Data

Manufacturer: S I G M A Laborzentrifugen GmbH

An der Unteren Söse 50

37520 Osterode Type: 1-15PK Electr. connection:

Protection class: IP code:

See name plate

20 Connected load (kVA):

Power consumption (kW): Max. current consumption (A):

0.9

0.63

3.4 (at 220-240 V / 50-60 Hz)

6.8 (at 120 V / 60 Hz)

Performance data: Max. speed (rpm): Max. capacity (ml): Max. gravitational field (x g): Max. kin. energy (Nm):

14 000

21 913

8 723 Other parameters:

Time range: Temperature range:

Storage locations:

10 sec - 11 h 59 min;

short run, continuous run

-10 to +40°C

50 Physical data:

Depth (mm): Width (mm): Height (mm): Weight (kg): EMC as per EN 61326: Noise level (dBA):

575

365

300

Class B

< 58

1.3.1 Ambient Temperature

The figures are valid for an ambient temperature of +23°C ± 2°C and a nominal voltage ± 10 %

∗

. The minimum temperature is < +4 °C and depends on the rotor type, speed, and ambient temperature. With rotor 12132, it is approx. +6 °C at 14000 rpm.

Allowable ambient temperature +5°C to +35°C. Max. relative humidity of air 80% up to 31°C with a linear decrease to

67% relative humidity of air at 35°C. Lowest storage and transport temperature –20°C (see chapter 3 "Transport and

Storage", page 22).

∗

At a nominal voltage of 100V or 200V, a tolerance of +10% / -5% applies.

. 1.1: Technical Data

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 15 of 75 English translation

1.4 Scope of Supply

The centrifuge comprises:

• 1 connecting cable depending on the voltage variant

• 1 rotor wrench Part no. 930 050

• 20 ml slushing oil Part no. 70 104

• 1 tube of grease for load bearing bolts Part no. 70 284

• Spare fuses Part no. 70106 for 220-240 V

Part no. 70112 for 120 V

Documentation:

Operating manual incl.

• EU Declaration of Conformity (page 5)

• Equipment Decontamination Certificate (page 65)

Accessories

according to your order, our order confirmation, and our delivery note.

1.5 Standards and Regulations

Please refer to the enclosed EU Declaration of Conformity (page 5).

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 16 of 75 English translation

2 Safety Instructions and Hazard Warnings

2.1 Symbols used in the Safety Instructions

International symbols used for SIGMA centrifuges:

Symbol Title Gefährliche elektrische Spannung

Dangerous voltage Courant haute tension

Achtung, Bedienungsanleitung lesen

Attention, consult instruction manual Attention, consulter mode d'emploi

Ein (Netzverbindung)

On (Power) Marche (mise sous tension)

Aus (Netzverbindung)

Off (Power) Arrêt (mise hors tension)

Schutzleiteranschluss

Protective earth (ground) Liaison à la terre

Erde

Earth (ground) Terre

Netzstecker ziehen

Unplug mains plug Tirer la fiche de prise

Vorsicht Quetschgefahr

Caution! Risk of bruising Attention! Danger de blessure

Drehrichtungspfeil

Arrow direction of rotation Flèche sens de rotation

Heiße Oberfläche

Hot surface Surface chaude

Nicht mit dem Hausmüll entsorgen

Do not dispose as part of domestic waste Ne pas jeter avec les déchets ménager

Fig. 2.1: Symbols used for SIGMA centrifuges

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 17 of 75 English translation

2.2 Symbols used in the Operating Manual

Symbols used in the Operating Manual:

Symbol Title

Gefährliche elektrische Spannung Dangerous voltage Courant haute tension

Achtung, mögliche gefährliche Situation

Attention, potentially dangerous situation Attention, situation potentiellement dangereuse

) Attention!

Hinweis auf wichtige Sachverhalte Note concerning important facts Information très importante

2.3 Informal Notes on Safety

The operating manual is an integral part of the product.

• Please retain the operating manual throughout the service life of the

centrifuge.

• Please hand the operating manual over to any subsequent owner or user of

the centrifuge.

• Please add any amendments that you receive to the manual.

• Please make the operating manual readily available at the exact location of

the centrifuge at all times.

• The operating personnel must have read and understood the operating

manual prior to operation.

• Please also comply with the general and company-specific rules and

regulations for the prevention of accidents.

Fig. 2.2: Symbols used in the Operating Manua

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 18 of 75 English translation

2.4 Safety Instructions for Centrifugation

• Ensure that the centrifuge was set up properly (see section 4.2 “Installation”,

page 24).

• Check the centrifuge, rotor, and accessories for external signs of damage

prior to start-up.

• Do not use the centrifuge with rotors and accessories that have not been

approved by the manufacturer. In case of doubt contact our service team (See 6.2.9 "Service Contact", page 49).

• Ensure that the rotor is correctly fitted (see 5.2.3 "Installation of Rotors“, page

30).

• The load of the rotor as defined by the manufacturer and the maximum speed

must not be exceeded (see the engraving on the rotor or bucket).

• The rotor must be loaded symmetrically at equal weights.

• Please follow the instructions concerning the installation of accessories (see

5.2.4 "Installation of Accessories", page 33).

) Attention!

• Please consider the maximum permissible gravitational field of 12,000 x g

when using the microhematocrite rotor ! An excess gravitational field will result in an increased risk of glass breakage!

2.4.1 Special Instructions

• If liquids with a density

> 1.2 g/cm

are used, reduce the speed (see 11.1.2

"Density", page 60).

• Protective clothing is not required for the operation of the centrifuge.

The materials to be centrifuged may, however, require special safety measures (e.g. centrifugation of infectious, toxic, radioactive, or pathogenic substances).

• Spin infectious material in sealed rotors and buckets only.

• Avoid the corrosion of the centrifuge and its accessories by careful

maintenance (see chapter 7 "Care and Maintenance", page 50 ff).

• When not using the centrifuge, open the lid so that all liquids can evaporate.

• Stop the centrifuge immediately in the event of a malfunction. Eliminate the

problem (see 6.2, page 46 ff) or inform the SIGMA Laborzentrifugen GmbH service team (see 6.2.9 "Service Contact", page 49).

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 19 of 75 English translation

2.4.2 Resistance of Plastics

Chemical influences have a strong effect on the polymeric chains of plastics, and therefore, on their physical properties. Plastic parts can be damaged if solvents, acids, or alkaline solutions are used.

• Please refer to the resistance table (see 11.3, page 69)!

2.5 Prohibited Centrifuging Operations and Hazard Warnings

Under the rules stipulated by the German trade association BGR 500, chapter

2.11, part 3, the operator is obliged to:

• take measures in order to prevent all danger to life or health during work.

• ensure that centrifuges are operated properly and entirely as intended (see

chapter 1.2 "Intended Use", page 11 of this Operating Manual).

• take measures for the safe opening of centrifuges.

Please comply with the following hazard warnings. In the case of noncompliance with the instructions, the manufacturer cannot be held liable or subject to any warranty claims.

• Only persons who have read and understood the operating manual in whole

are authorized to operate the centrifuge (see 2.3 "Informal Notes on Safety", page 17).

• Keep informed about local fire prevention regulations and measures to

contain harmful emissions (depending on the substances to be centrifuged).

• Do not use the centrifuge if it was installed incorrectly.

• Do not use the centrifuge without panels.

• Do not hit or move the c entrifuge during its operation.

• Do not lean against or rest on the centrifuge during its operation.

• Maintain a safety distance of at least 30 cm around the centrifuge.

• Do not store any dangerous goods in the centrifuge area.

• Only use the centrifuge with rotors and accessories that have been approved

by the manufacturer. We explicitly warn against the use of equipment of poor quality. Breaking glass or bursting vessels can cause dangerous imbalances at high speeds.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 20 of 75 English translation

• Do not spin any substances that could damage the material of the rotors and

buckets of the centrifuge in any way. Highly corrosive substances, for example, damage the material and affect the mechanical strength of the rotors and buckets.

• Infectious, toxic, pathogenic, and radioactive substances must be centrifuged

in certified rotors and vessels. Take suitable precautions for your own

safety if there is a risk of toxic, radioactive, or pathogenic contamination.

• Please comply with the special precautions for taking care of the

centrifuges and accessories. These are measures for maintaining operational safety! (see chapter 7 "Care and Maintenance", page 50 ff).

) Attention!

• Ensure that all repairs are performed only by authorized and specialized

personnel (see 6.2.9 "Service Contact", page 49).

2.5.1 Special Hazards

• Do not open the lid when the rotor is in motion!

• Do not reach into the rotor chamber when the rotor is in motion!

• Do not use the centrifuge if the rotor is overloaded. (see 2.4 "Safety

Instructions for Centrifugation", page 18).

• Do not use the centrifuge if the rotors and inserts show signs of corrosion or

other defects.

• Do not use the centrifuge if the rotor is loaded asymmetrically.

• Do not use the centrifuge with tubes that are excessively long.

• Do not use the centrifuge with an incompletely loaded drum rotor, swing-out

rotor or angle rotor with interchangeable buckets.

• Do not use the centrifuge within hazardous locations.

• Do not spin explosive or inflammable substances.

• Materials that chemically react with each other with a high level of energy are

prohibited.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 21 of 75 English translation

2.6 Checks by the Operator

Check all of the safety-relevant parts of the centrifuge at least once per month for any visible signs of damage (e.g. cracks, corrosion). This applies particularly to the following:

• Concentricity of the motor shaft:

− Visual inspection: Slowly rotate the rotor by hand without the rotor tie-

down screw. If the motor shaft does not turn around on a perpendicular axis, the motor and motor shaft must be replaced.

− Refit the rotor correctly after visual inspection (see 5.2.3 "Installation of Rotors", page 30).

− Auditory inspection: Check the unit for atypical running noises.

• Screw connections

• Rotors and accessories. (see 5.2.5 "Service Life of Rotors an Accessories",

page 34).

2.7 Instructions for Emergency Situations

• If an emergency arises, switch off the centrifuge immediately!

• If in doubt, call the emergency doctor!

Fire-fighting measures or measures for the containment of harmful emissions depend on the local conditions and on the substances processed in the centrifuge. Please be informed about the rules and regulations that are applicable on-site.

2.8 Remaining Hazards

The centrifuge was built state-of-the-art and according to the accepted safety rules. Danger to life and limb of the user or of third parties, or impairments of the unit or other material assets cannot be completely excluded when the centrifuge is used.

• Use the centrifuge only for the purpose that it was originally intended for (see

1.2, page 11).

• Use the centrifuge only if it is in a perfect running state.

• Immediately eliminate any problems that can affect safety.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 22 of 75 English translation

3 Transport and Storage

3.1 Dimensions and Weight

Depth: 575 mm Width: 365 mm Height: 300 mm Weight: 41 kg

3.2 Notes on Transport

• Always lift the centrifuge with a lifting device or with a sufficient number of people helping you.

• When lifting or carrying the centrifuge, always reach under the centrifuge from the side.

• Install the transport safety device (screw) at the bottom panel of the centrifuge.

• Transport the centrifuge within suitable packaging, and if at all possible, in its original packaging.

3.3 Notes on Storage

The centrifuge can be stored for up to a year without any problems.

• Store the centrifuge only in dry rooms.

• The storage temperature must be above –20°C.

• If you would like to store it for more than one year, or if you intend to ship it

overseas, please contact the manufacturer.

Fig.3.1: Dimensions and weight

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 23 of 75 English translation

4 Set-up and Connection

4.1 Unpacking the Centrifuge

The centrifuge is packaged in a slip-lid box.

• Remove the upper part of the box.

• Take out the box containing the accessories.

• Remove the upper foam cushion.

• Remove the slip-lid box.

• Lift the centrifuge upwards with a lifting device or with a sufficient number of

people to lift it safely. When lifting or carrying the centrifuge, always reach under the centrifuge from the side.

) Attention!

The centrifuge weighs approx. 41 kg!

Please retain the packaging for any possible future transport of the centrifuge.

4.1.1 Transport Safety Device

The transport safety device of the SIGMA 1-15PK consists of a screw which is located at the bottom panel.

) Attention!

The transport safety device must be removed prior to start-up because the screw locks the motor bearings!

Procedure:

• Lift the centrifuge upwards at the front side. Always reach under from the side.

• Put a suitable object, e.g. a wooden block, between table and centrifuge. A coloured plastic screw can now be seen at the bottom panel.

• Unscrew the screw by hand anti-clockwise.

• Please retain the transport safety device for the possibility of the return of the

centrifuge.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 24 of 75 English translation

4.2 Installation

4.2.1 Installation Site

All the energy supplied to the centrifuge is converted into heat and emitted to ambient air.

• Ensure sufficient ventilation.

• Keep a safety distance of at least 30 cm around the centrifuge so that the

vents in the centrifuge remain fully effective.

• Do not position the centrifuge near heat generators.

• Avoid direct sunlight (UV radiation).

• The table must be stable and have a solid, even surface.

) Attention!

During transport from cold to warmer places, condensation will collect inside the centrifuge. It is important to allow sufficient time for drying before the centrifuge can be used again.

4.2.2 Connection

The operating voltage on the name plate must correspond to the local supply voltage!

SIGMA laboratory centrifuges are units of safety class I and have a three-wire power cord with a IEC C13 connector.

On the back, next to the mains power input, there is an additional ground wire connector (see Fig. 5.2, page 25) where a separate ground wire can be connected. This ensures that the admissible leakage current cannot shock anyone if a problem with the protective ground wire system were to occur. Only authorized and specialized personnel are permitted to connect the unit. Please contact the head of our service team (see 6.2.9 "Service Contact", page 49).

4.2.3 Fuses

Typically, the centrifuges must be protected on site with 16 A fuses of class "B" or "L".

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 25 of 75 English translation

5 Using the Centrifuge

5.1 Description

5.1.1 Operating Elements

1 Lid 2 Start key 3 Left rotary knob 4 Right rotary knob 5 Stop key 6 Lid key 7 Display

Fig. 5.1:

total view of the centrifuge

8 Programming connector at

the bottom plate (only for service purposes)

Fig. 5.2:

Programming connector

9 Name plate 10 Mains power input 11 Equipotential bonding screw 12 Mains power switch

Fig. 5.3:

Rear view of the centrifuge

6 5

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 26 of 75 English translation

5.1.1.1 Operating Panel

1 Start key 2 Time display 3 Temperaturskala 4 Speed display 5 RCF display 6 Lid key 7 Stop key 8 Display for rotor,

deceleration curves and programs

9 Rotary knobs

Fig. 5.4: Operating panel with centrifuge display

The centrifuge is started directly via the operating panel. When the centrifuge is switched on, all of the operating keys and displays will be illuminated for a short time. It is now ready for operation.

5.1.1.2 Name Plate

1 Manufacturer and registered

office 2 Type name 3 Serial number 4 Max. speed 5 Kinetic energy 6 Max. density 7 Nominal voltage 8 Input fuse 9 Symbol for special disposal

(see chapter 8) 10 CE mark in accordance with

the directive 94/9/EC 11 Part number 12 Year of manufacture 13 Power consumption

Fig. 5.5: Name plate

234 5

2 3

11 12

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 27 of 75 English translation

5.1.2 Construction and Constructive Safety Measures

The centrifuge is installed within a solid construction. On the back, the lid is secured by solid hinges and on the front by two separate lid locks.

5.1.3 Drive

The drive motor is a well-dimensioned, collector-less asynchronous motor.

5.1.4 Operation and Display

The display is a hermetically sealed LCD display. It is operated by way of two rotary knobs and indicates the operating statuses.

5.1.5 Electronic System

The microprocessor-controlled electronic system ensures a wide range of adaptations of the centrifuge for various tasks. The following parameters can be set:

• Speed in steps of 1 or 100 rpm

• Relative centrifugal force RCF in steps of 1 or 10 x g

• Time between 10 sec and 11h 59min max.

• Continuous run

• Short run

• Temperature range from – 10 ° C to + 40 ° C in steps of 1 °C

• Acceleration and deceleration curves

• Storage and call-up of programs

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 28 of 75 English translation

5.1.6 Safety Devices

Apart from the mentioned passive safety devices due to the solid design, the following active precautions are in place for your safety:

5.1.6.1 Lid Lock and Lid Closing Device

The centrifuge can only be started when the lid is properly closed. The electrical locks must be locked. The lid can only be opened when the rotor has stopped. If the lid is opened by way of the emergency release system during operation, the centrifuge will immediately switch off and decelerate brakeless. If the lid is open, the drive is completely separated from the mains power supply, i.e. the centrifuge cannot be started (see 6.2.7 "Emergency Lid Release", page 47).

5.1.6.2 Standstill Monitoring

Opening of the centrifuge lid is only possible if the rotor is at a standstill. This standstill is checked by the microprocessor.

5.1.6.3 System Check

An internal system check monitors the data transfer and sensor signals with regard to plausibility. Errors are detected with extreme sensitivity and displayed as error messages with a number on the speed and rcf display (see 6.2.8 "Error Codes", page 48).

5.1.6.4 Ground Wire Check

For the ground wire check, there is an equipotential bonding screw on the rear panel of the centrifuge. A ground wire check can be carried out by authorized and specialized personnel using a suitable measuring instrument (see 4.2.2 "Connection“, page 24). Please contact the head of our service team (see 6.2.9 "Service Contact", page 49).

5.1.6.5 Imbalance Monitoring System

The "Imbalance" display may light up or emit a sound signal (see 5.3.9 “Activating/Deactivating the Sound Signal”, page 45) in order to indicate that the centrifuge is in the inadmissible imbalance range. If the rotor is loaded unevenly, the drive will be switched off in the acceleration phase or during the run. The message "Imbalance" and the error number 46 for "Imbalance“ will then flash on the display. The lid opens automatically after the rotor has come to a standstill. In both cases, loading has to be checked and balanced.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 29 of 75 English translation

5.2 Initial Start-Up

Before the initial start-up, please ensure that your centrifuge is properly set up and installed (see 4.2 "Installation", page 24).

5.2.1 Switching the Centrifuge ON

• Press the mains power switch on the back side (see Fig. 5.3, page 25). The centrifuge display then illuminates.

5.2.2 Opening and Closing the Lid

The lid can be opened if the centrifuge is at a standstill and if the lid key is illuminated.

• Press the lid key in order to open the lid (see 5.3.8 "Activating/Deactivating the Automatic Lid Opening Function", page 44).

The centrifuge cannot be started if the lid is opened.

• To close the lid, press on the left and right side of the lid to ensure that both of the lid locks lock into place.

) Attention!

A flashing lid key indicates that only one lid lock has locked.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 30 of 75 English translation

5.2.3 Installation of Rotors

• Open the centrifuge lid by pressing the lid key.

• Unscrew the rotor tie-down screw from the motor shaft (anti-clockwise).

• Lower the rotor with its central bore straight down onto the motor shaft.

• Tighten the rotor tie-down screw clockwise with the supplied rotor wrench

with 5 Nm. In doing so, hold the rotor at its outer rim.

• After frequent use, the rotor tie-down screw must be loosened by some turns and fastened again. This must be done once a day or after 20 cycles. This ensures a proper connection between the rotor and the motor shaft.

• The rotor tie-down screw should only be tightened when a rotor is installed in order to prevent the collet chuck from being expanded.

• The lid screw serves for the fastening of the lid onto the rotor only, not for the fastening of the rotor onto the collet chuck. Prior to installing the lid, check for the tight fit (5 Nm) of the rotor tie-down screw.

• Please follow the safety instructions and hazard warnings in chapter 2, page 16 ff!

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 31 of 75 English translation

5.2.3.1 Installation of Angle Rotors with a Hermetically Sealed Lid

• Screw the rotor cover onto the rotor and tighten it.

• Lower the rotor with the cover onto the motor shaft.

• Insert the rotor tie-down screw into the motor sh aft. Tighten the rotor tie-down

screw at 5 Nm using the supplied rotor wrench.

• The rotor can also be used without a cover.

• Slightly grease the rotor and lid seals after cleaning.

• The rotors can be installed or removed with a closed lid after loosening the

rotor tie-down screw.

) Attention!

• Please follow the safety instructions and hazard warnings in chapter 2, page 16 ff!

1 Rotor tie-down screw 2 Lid 3 Lid seals

Fig. 5.6: Angle rotor with a hermetically sealed lid

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 32 of 75 English translation

5.2.3.2 Installation of the Microhematocrite Rotor

• Lower the microhematocrite rotor with its central bore straight down onto the motor shaft.

• Tighten the rotor tie-down screw clockwise with the supplied rotor wrench. In doing so, hold the microhematocrite rotor with your left hand and tilt it slightly, if necessary, in order to prevent the motor shaft from slipping through.

• Check the rotor for a correct and tight fit.

• Please consider the maximum permissible gravitational field of 12,000 x

g. An excess gravitational field will result in an increased risk of glass breakage!

Operation:

• Fill the capillary tubes with blood and seal them at one end with putty or b y fusion.

• Place the capillary tubes into the recesses of the rotor with the sealed end against the rubber ring. Ensure that the capillary tubes fit tightly against the rubber ring. The opposite places must be loaded.

• Screw on the rotor cover.

• Close the centrifuge lid.

• Enter the following parameters: gravitational field RCF max. 12,000 x g, time

5 min

• Start the centrifuge.

• Open the centrifuge lid and rotor cover when the set time has elapsed.

Evaluation:

• Put the reader onto the rotor.

• Turn the reader and perform a fine adjustment with the aid of the central

eccentric mechanism in order to localize the O-point and the maximum liquid point in the capillary tubes. You can now read the percentage value.

• Remove the capillary tubes. Some of the tubes can also be evaluated with the reader outside of the rotor (see the instructions for use on the back of the reader).

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 33 of 75 English translation

5.2.4 Installation of Accessories

• Only use vessels that are suitable for the rotor (see chapter 10 "Suitable Accessories", page 57).

• Load all of the compartments of the swing-out rotors.

• Always load the opposite compartments of the rotors with the same

accessories and filling to avoid imbalance.

• Centrifugation with low capacity

: For the example, an angle rotor 24 x 2,2 ml (Fig. 5.7) and a swing-out rotor 24 x 2,2 ml (Fig. 5.8) are used.

The tubes must be installed symmetrically so that the rotor is loaded evenly.

Fig. 5.7: Permitted loading of the angle rotor 24 x 2,2 ml

Fig. 5.8: Permitted loading of the swing-out rotor 24 x 2,2 ml

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 34 of 75 English translation

5.2.4.1 Tubes

• Load the tubes outside of the centrifuge. Liquids in the buckets or multiple carriers cause corrosion.

• Fill the tubes carefully and arrange them according to their weight. Imbalances result in the excessive wear of the bearings.

• In high-speed angle rotors, the vessels must be filled up to their useful volume (= the volume stated for the vessel). If the vessels are only partially filled, they will deform. This may result in leaks at the seals that may become loose.

• When using glass tubes, the maximum value of 4,000 x g must not be exceeded (except special high-strengh glass tubes; please refer to the information provided by the manufacturer).

) Attention!

• Please observe the instructions on safety and hazards in chapter 2, page 16!

5.2.5 Service Life of Rotors and Accessories

The rotors and accessories have a limited service life.

• Please perform regular checks (at least once per month) for safety reasons!

• Pay special attention to changes, such as corrosion, cracks, material

abrasion etc.

• After 7 years, the rotors must be inspected by the manufacturer.

• After 50,000 cycles, the rotor must be scrapped for reasons of safety.

• Replace all polypropylene rotors (order no. 12124, 12126, 12101) after

autoclaving 20 times or 5 years.

• If other data concerning the service life are engraved on the rotor or bucket, these data shall apply accordingly: For example, a bucket with the

engraving “max cycles = 10,000” has a service life of 10,000 cycles, and a rotor with the engraving “Exp.Date 02/15” must be scrapped in Feburary 2015 at the latest (see fig. 5.9)!

Fig. 5.9: Different service life – engraving on the bucket/rotor

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 35 of 75 English translation

5.2.6 Starting the Centrifuge

The centrifuge is ready for operation when the start key is illuminated.

• Press the start key in order to start a centrifugation run.

5.2.7 Interrupting a Centrifugation Run

• Press the stop key in order to interrupt a centrifugation run.

The centrifugation run will be terminated prematurely.

5.2.7.1 Interrupting a Deceleration Process

• Press the start key during a deceleration process in order to interrupt it and to restart the centrifuge.

5.2.7.2 Softstart and Softstop Function

The softstart function is used to extend the acceleration time, whereas the softstop function is used to extend the deceleration time. The current combination is shown on the display. The stop key can be used to cyclically select various combinations:

• Press the key once to active the softstart function.

• Press the key twice to activate the softstart function and the softstop function.

• Press the key three times to active the softstop function alone.

• Press the key four times to activate the softstart function and the brakeless

deceleration. The “soft stop” display flashes when the brakeless deceleration is active.

• Press the key five times to activate the “brakeless deceleration” function alone (the “soft stop” display flashes).

• Press the key once more to return to the standard operating mode.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 36 of 75 English translation

5.3 Display / Program Options

The centrifuge display has the following display fields: 1 Time field

2 "Lock" symbol for lockdown 3 Temperature field 4 Speed field 5 RCF field 6 Field for rotor selection, imbalance indication, run mode, and program

selection

5.3.1 Time

The runtime of the centrifuge can be set at different intervals in a range from 10 seconds to 11 hours and 59 minutes.

To select the desired centrifugation time:

• Turn the left rotary knob until “set” appears in the lower left area of the display (Fig 5.11).

• Select the option by pressing or turning the right rotary kn ob. “Set” will now flash.

• Turn the right rotary knob until the desired duration is displayed.

• Press the right rotary k nob or the start key in order to confirm the input. If this

is not done, the value will be automatically reset to the last setting.

After 11:59 min, the display changes from “min:sec“ to “hrs:min“. The time can then be changed in steps of 10 minutes.

It is also possible to change the runtime during the centrifugation run.

) Attention!

If the centrifugation time is changed during the run, the centrifuge will run for the entire new time and will disregard the previous runtime that has already elapsed.

Fig. 5.11: Setting the time

2 3

5 6

Fig. 5.10: Display completely active

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 37 of 75 English translation

5.3.1.1 Changing the Time Increments

In order to change the time in steps of 1 second (instead of in steps of 10 seconds in the min:sec mode) or in steps of 1 minute (instead of in steps of 10 minutes in the hrs:min mode):

• Keep the stop key pressed while setting the desired runtime with the right rotary knob.

5.3.1.2 Short Run

The short run enables the user to perform a short-time centrifugation with maximum power without changing the set parameters. The short run can only be started when the centrifuge is at a standstill.

• Keep the start key pressed during the short run.

The centrifuge accelerates at maximum power until the maximum speed of the rotor is reached.The start key flashes; the message “short run” is displayed in the time display and the duration of the short run is displayed (Fig. 5.12). When the start key is released, the centrifuge decelerates at maximum power to a standstill; the start key is illuminated.

After finishing the short run, the original parameters will be displayed again.

5.3.1.3 Continuous Run

During the continuous run, the runtime of the centrifuge is unlimited and must be stopped manually. The centrifuge accelerates during the continuous run until the set speed is reached.

• Starting with the time setting 0:10 (see 5.3.1), turn the knob anti-clockwise.

Or:

• Starting with the time setting 11:59, turn the knob clockwise to the next setting. The message “cont” and the symbol "∞" will be displayed (Fig. 5.13).

Fig. 5.12: Short run display

. 5.13: Continuous run displa

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 38 of 75 English translation

5.3.2 Speed

The desired speed of the centrifuge (revolutions per minute) can be set here (15,000 rpm in the example shown below). When the maximum permissible speed of the rotor is reached, the “max” display lights up.

To preselect a speed value:

• Turn the left rotary knob until “set” appears in front of the parameter “Speed” on the display (Fig. 5.14).

• Select the option by pressing or turning the right rotary kn ob. “Set” will now flash.

• Turn the right rotary knob until the desired value is displayed.

• Press the right rotary knob or the start key to confirm the selected value. If

this is not done, the value will be automatically reset to the last setting.

It is possible to change the speed value during the centrifugation run. The values fort he rotor combinations can be found in chapter 10 “Suitable

Accessories” on page 57 ff.

5.3.2.1 Changing the Speed Increments

In order to change the speed in steps of 1 rpm (instead of in steps of 100 rpm):

• Keep the stop key pressed while setting the desired speed with the right rotary knob.

Fig. 5.14: Setting the speed

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 39 of 75 English translation

5.3.3 Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF)

The relative centrifugal force (RCF) is the acceleration that the sample is subject to.

The RCF value is determined by the rotor geometry and speed. The RCF and speed values, therefore, depend on each other. When the maximum permissible RCF value of the rotor is reached, the "max" display lights up.

To preselect the RCF value:

• Turn the left rotary knob until “set” appears in front of the p arameter “rcf” on the display (Fig. 5.15).

• Select the option by pressing or turning the right rotary knob. "Set" will now flash.

• Turn the right rotary knob until the desired value is displayed.

• Press the right rotary knob or the start key to confirm the selected value. If

this is not done, the value will be automatically reset to the last setting.

It is also possible to change the RCF value during a centrifugation run.

5.3.3.1 Changing the RCF Increments

In order to change the RCF value in steps of 1 x g (instead of in steps of 10 x g):

• Keep the stop key pres sed while setting the desired RCF value with the right rotary knob.

Fig. 5.15: Setting the relative centrifugal force

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 40 of 75 English translation

5.3.4 Temperature

The temperature of the centrifuge is controlled by a refrigeration unit. Temperatures between -10 °C and + 40 °C can be preselected.

To preselect the temperature in steps of 1 °C:

• Turn the left rotary knob until “set” appears in the display field in front of the parameter "Temp" (Fig. 5.16).

• Select the option by pressing or turning the right rotary knob. "Set" will now flash.

• Turn the right rotary knob until the desired value is displayed.

• Press the right rotary knob or the start key to confirm the selected value. If

this is not done, the value will be automatically reset to the last setting.

The temperature scale shows the actual temperature in the rotor chamber.

• If the selected temperature (= set temperature) is below the actual temperature, the set temperature will be represented by a flashing bar on the temperature scale (Fig. 5.17).

• If the set temperature is above the actual temperature, it will be represented by one single bar on the temperature scale (Fig. 5.18).

• If the set temperature and the actual temperature are identical, the line of bars of the scale will be shown completely.

The temperatures that can be reached depend on the rotor type, speed, and ambient temperature.

bb. 5.16:

Temperature preselection

bb. 5.17: Set temparature below actual temperature

bb. 5.18: Set temperature above actual temperature

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 41 of 75 English translation

5.3.4.1 Precooling

Depending on the substances to be centrifuged, it may make sense to precool the centrifuge. The precooling prevents the cooled samples in the uncooled centrifuge from heating up to an inadmissible temperature.

Precooling at a standstill Unmoved air in the centrifuge chamber distorts the measuring and control

behavior and causes the compressor to freeze overs. At temperatures below 0°C, aqueous liquids will freeze, making sedimentation impossible.

• Ensure that the rotor temperature will not fall below 0 °C if it is at a standstill!

Rapid cooling program "RAPID TEMP" Precooling at a standstill may distort the measurement results and subsequently

cause increased wear of the mechanical components. This is why the centrifuge has a special program that precools the centrifuge under defined conditions:

• Turn the left rotary knob until “run” appears on the display.

• Select the option by pressing the right rotary cursor. “Run” will now flash.

• Turn the right rotary knob until " PrC" is displayed.

• Press the right rotary k nob or the start key to confirm the input. The display

shows 1/3 of the maximum rotor speed and the corresponding RCF value. The runtime field indicates "cont" and the symbol "∞" for continuous run.

The program will only be loaded if the actual temperature is above the set temperature.

The program runs until the set value is reached. Then, a sound signal is issued (if it is activated – see 5.3.9) and the program that was set beforehand will be reloaded.

• Press the stop key to determinate the rapid cooling program prematurely.

) Attention!

An entry will interrupt the rapid cooling program. There will be no message when the set temperature is reached. If no new runtime is entered, the centrifuge will continue to run infinitely (continuous run).

Fig. 5.19: Rapid cooling program "RAPID TEMP"

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 42 of 75 English translation

) Info!

The automatic lid opening function is suppressed after a rapid cooling phase in order to prevent the system from reheating.

) Attention!

The temperature value indicates the air temperature in the rotor chamber. Please bear in mind that the rotor – depending on its type – will reach this temperature only after a corresponding precooling time.

• Open the lid in order to insert the samples. The refrigeration unit will stop so that no white frost can form inside the rotor chamber.

5.3.5 Rotors

The available rotors for the centrifuge can be selected here (rotor 12124 in the example). This is only possible at a standstill.

To select a rotor:

• Turn the left rotary knob until “set” appears in front of the option “Rotor” on the display (Fig. 5.20).

• Select the option by pressing or turning the right rotary knob. "Set" will now flash.

• Turn the right rotary knob until the desired rotor number is displayed.

• Press the right rotary knob or the start key to confirm the input. If this is not

done, the value will be automatically reset to the last setting.

Fig. 5.20: Preselection of a rotor

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 43 of 75 English translation

5.3.6 Program

The program is used to save or load certain recurrent settings of the centrifuge. This saves time and prevents typing errors. 50 different programs can be saved and called up. This is only possible at a standstill.

5.3.6.1 Saving the Current Settings

To save the current settings:

• Turn the left rotary knob until “save” appears on the display (Fig. 5.21).

• Select the option by pressing the right rotary knob. “Save” will now flash.

• Turn the right rotary knob until the desired program number is displayed.

Empty storage location numbers flash.

• Press the right rotary knob or the start key to confirm the input.

The settings are now saved under this program number (program number 8 in the example).

5.3.6.2 Calling Up Stored Programs

If necessary, the saved programs can be called up:

• Turn the left rotary knob until “run” appears on the display (Fig 5.22).

• Select the option by pressing the right rotary cursor. “Run” will now flash.

• Turn the right rotary knob until the desired program number is displayed.

• Press the right rotary knob or the start key to confirm the input.

The saved program settings will be adopted.

Fig. 5.21: Saving programs; here program number 8

Fig. 5.22: Calling up stored programs; here program number 8

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 44 of 75 English translation

5.3.7 Lockdown

This function locks the parameters against all inadvertent changes.

• Turn the left rotary knob until a padlock symbol is displayed in the upper left corner of the display (Fig. 5.23).

As long as the padlock symbol is displayed, the parameters cannot be changed.

5.3.7.1 Permanent Lockdown

The parameter settings can also be locked with the help of the start key when the lid is open:

• Press the start key three times and on the third time hold it down for approx. two seconds.

After the activation of the function, the padlock symbol (Fig. 5.23) will flash. Now the centrifuge can be started and stopped, but the settings cannot be changed.

• Proceed in the same way in order to deactivate the function.

The current status remains active even if the centrifuge is switched off with the help of the mains power switch.

5.3.8 Activating/Deactivating the Automatic Lid Opening Function

The Auto-Lid-Open function must be activated so that the lid opens automatically at the end of the operation:

• Press the lid key three times when the lid is open and on the third time hold it down for approx. two seconds.

• Proceed in the same way in order to deactivate the function.

After every change, the current status of the setting is displayed in the form of a message running over the display ("Auto-Lid-Open on" or "off").

Fig. 5.23: Padlock symbol

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 45 of 75 English translation

5.3.9 Activating/Deactivating the Sound Signal

If this function is active, a sound signal can be heard at the end of the operation as well as in the event of an error message or imbalance.

• Press the lid key five times and on the fifth time hold it down for approx. two seconds.

• Proceed in the same way in order to deactivate the function.

After every change, the current status of the setting is displayed in the form of a message running in the display ("Buzzer on" or "off").

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 46 of 75 English translation

6 Malfunctions and Error Correction

6.1 Error Mode

Malfunctions are indicated by error messages with a number in the speed and rcf display. If the sound signal is activated, it sounds when the error message is displayed (see 5.3.9 "Activating/Deactivating the Sound Signal", page 45).

6.2 Error Correction

• Eliminate the source of the problem (see 6.2.1 to 6.2.8, page 46 ff).

• Acknowledge the error messages with the lid key.

6.2.1 No Indication on the Display

− Voltage in the socket? • Check fuse in the mains supply.

− Power cord plugged in and line

voltage present?

• Plug in power cord correctly.

− Fuse OK?

• Replace fuse (see fig. 5.4 "name plate",

page 26).

− Mains power switch on? • Switch on power.

− Lid closed? • Close lid (see 6.2.5 “Lid cannot be

opened", page 46).

6.2.2 Centrifuge cannot be started

− Start key LED not illuminated: • Power off/on. If the error occurs again, call the service.

− Lid key LED flashes: • Open and close the lid again. If error occurs again although both locks are locked, call the service.

6.2.3 Centrifuge decelerates during Operation

− There was a brief mains power

failure (at least 2 sec), error message 61

− Centrifuge displays an error from

1 to 11 after powering on.

• Press the start key in order to restart the centrifuge.

• Power off/on (see 6.2.8 "Error Codes", page 48). If the error occurs again, call the service.

6.2.4 Atypical running noises

− During run loud hard running noises can be heard

• Check if the screw of the transport safety device is removed. If the error occours again, call the service.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 47 of 75 English translation

6.2.5 Lid cannot be opened

− When first trying to open the lid, the locks are not released. Lid key LED flashes.

• Close the lid again. Press down both sides of the lid until the locks audibly lock. Open the lid again. If the error occurs again, unlock the lid manually (see 6.2.7 "Emergency lid release", page 47) and call the service.

− The lid cannot be opened, although both locks have audibly unlocked.

• Check/clean the lid seal. Apply talcum powder to the seal to avoid sticking.

6.2.6 Temperature value cannot be reached

− The centrifuge does not reach the set temperature value.

• Check/clean the condenser (see 7.1.6, page 54). If the error occurs again, call the service.

6.2.7 Emergency Lid Release

In the event of a power supply failure, it is possible to manually open the centrifuge lid using two stoppers that are secured with screws. They are located on the front of the bottom panel.

• Switch off the mains power switch and disconnect the power cord from the socket.

• Unscrew the screws in the stoppers.

• Remove the stoppers, e.g. with a screwdriver.

• Pull the visible strings in order to release the lid. Then, reinsert the stoppers

into the opening.

• Reinsert the screws centrally.

The lid may only be unlocked and opened when the rotor is at a standstill.

If the lid is opened by way of the emergency lid release during operation, the centrifuge will be switched off immediately and decelerate brakeless.

Screw

Stopper

String

Fig. 6.1: Screw for the emergency lid release

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 48 of 75 English translation

6.2.8 Error Codes

Error no. Kind of error Measure Note

1-9 System error allow to slow down

power off/on

All these errors stop the centrifuge or cause it to slow down.

10-19 Speedometer error allow to slow down

power off/on

20-29 Motor error power off/on

ensure ventilation

30-39 EEPROM error allow to slow down

power off/on

With errors 34,35,36, the centrifuge will stop. With errors 37,38, error message only.

40-45 Temperature error

(only for refrigerated centrifuges)

allow to slow down power off/on allow to cool down provide better ventilation

46-49 Imbalance error allow to slow down

power off eliminate the imbalance

50-59 Lid error press lid key

close lid remove foreign matter from the opening of the lid lock device

With error 50 and 51, the centrifuge will stop.

60-69 Process error allow to slow down

power off/on

With error 60, message “power failure during run”. With error 61, message “stop after power on”.

70-79 Communication error allow to slow down

power off/on

80-99 Parameter error allow to slow down

provide for better ventilation power off/on

With error 83, error message only.

) Attention!

If it is impossible to eliminate the errors, please call the service!

Fig.6.2: Error Codes

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 49 of 75 English translation

6.2.9 Service Contact

If service is required:

from Germany:

• use the online service request form at

www.sigma-zentrifugen.de → [Contacts] → [Service requests]

• or contact SIGMA Laborzentrifugen GmbH

An der Unteren Söse 50 37520 Osterode (Germany) Tel. +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-8425 Fax +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-9425 E-mail:

service@sigma-zentrifugen.de

from other countries:

• contact our agency in your country. All agencies are listed at

www.sigma-zentrifugen.de → [Contacts] → [Foreign agencies]

• If you would like to utilise our service, please state the type of your

centrifuge and its serial number.

• Make use of our online service request on the Internet. Please use the request form (see above) on our website.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 50 of 75 English translation

7 Care and Maintenance

7.1 Cleaning and Care

The centrifuge, rotor, and accessories are subject to high mechanical stress. Thorough maintenance care performed by the user extends the service life and prevents premature failure.

) Attention!

If corrosion or other damage occurs due to improper care, the manufacturer cannot be held liable or subject to any warranty claims.

• Use soap water or other water-soluble, mild cleaning agents (pH value between 6 and 8).

• Avoid corrosive and aggressive substances.

• Do not use alkaline solutions or solvents.

• Do not use agents with abrasive particles.

• Do not expose the centrifuge and rotors to intensive UV radi ation or thermal

stress (e.g. by heat generators).

7.1.1 Centrifuge

• Disconnect the power cord from the socket before cleaning.

• Carefully remove all liquids, including water and particularly all the solvents,

acids, and alkaline solutions from the centrifuge chamber using a cloth in order to avoid damage to the motor bearings.

• If the centrifuge has been contaminated with toxic, radioactive, or pathogenic substances, clean the centrifuge chamber immediately with a suitable decontamination agent (depending on the type of contamination).

Take

suitable precautions for your own safety if there is a risk of toxic, radioactive, or pathogenic contamination.

• Grease the motor shaft slightly after cleaning (grease for load-bearing bolts part no. 70284).

• Open the centrifuge when it is not in use so moisture can evaporate. This prevents the increased wear of the motor bearings.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 51 of 75 English translation

7.1.2 Accessories

For the care of the accessories, special safety measures must be considered as these are measures that will ensure operational safety at the same time.

• Immediately rinse off the rotor, buckets, or accessories if any liquids that may cause corrosion come into contact with them.

• Clean the accessories outside the centrifuge once a week or preferably after each use. Rubber cushions should be removed.

• If the rotors or accessories have been contaminated with toxic, radioactive, or pathogenic substances, clean them immediately with a suitable decontamination agent (depending on the type of contamination). Take

suitable precautions for your own safety if there is a risk of toxic, radioactive, or pathogenic contamination.

• Dry the accessories with a soft cloth or in a drying chamber at approx. 50°C.

7.1.2.1 Plastic Accessories

• If solvents, acids, or alkaline solutions have been used, clean the plastic accessories thoroughly. The chemical resistance of plastic decreases with rising temperatures (e.g. during drying).

7.1.2.2 Aluminum Accessories

Especially aluminum parts are susceptible to corrosion.

• Acid-containing cleaning agents and alkaline cleaning agents must be avoided (see 7.1 "Cleaning and Care", page 50).

• Grease aluminum parts at least once a week with slushing oil (part no.

70104).

This essentially increases their service life and reduces susceptibility to corrosion.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 52 of 75 English translation

7.1.3 Rotor, Buckets, and Multiple Carriers

Rotors, buckets, and multiple carriers are produced with highest precision, in order to withstand the permanent high stress with high gravitational fields.

Chemical reactions as well as stress-corrosion (combination of oscillating pressure and chemical reaction) can affect or destroy the metals. Barely detectable cracks on the surface can expand and weaken the material without any visible signs.

• Check the material regularly (at least once a month) for

− cracks

− visible damage of the surface

− pressure marks

− signs of corrosion

− other changes.

• Check the bores of the rotors and multiple carriers.

• Replace any damaged components immediately for your own safety.

• Protect the rotors, lid seals, and rubber cushions (if included) at least once

per week with the supplied slushing oil (part no. 70104).

• Grease the rotor tie-down screw with grease for load-bearing bolts (part no.

70284).

7.1.3.1 Microhematocrite Rotor

• Remove the microhematrocrite rotor for cleaning.

• Wipe the centrifuge chamber clean.

• Replace the rubber ring in the event of wear or glass breakage (part no.

16003 for rotor 11024).

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 53 of 75 English translation

7.1.4 Load-bearing Bolts

Only greased load-bearing bolts ensure the even swinging of the buckets, and therefore, the quiet run of the centrifuge. Ungreased bolts can lead to a system shut-down due to imbalances.

• Grease the load-bearing bolts of the rotor after each cleaning slightly with grease for load-bearing bolts (part no. 70284).

7.1.5 Glass Breakage

• Glass particles will damage the surface coating (e.g. Eloxal) of the buckets, which will then lead to corrosion.

• Glass particles in the rubber cushions of the buckets will cause glass breakage again.

• Glass particles on the pivot bearing of the load-bearing bolts prevent the buckets and carriers from swinging evenly, which will cause an imbalance.

• Glass particles in the centrifuge chamber will cause metal abrasion due to the strong air circulation. This metal dust will not only pollute the centrifuge chamber, rotor, and materials to be centrifuged but also damage the surfaces of the accessories, rotors, and centrifuge chamber.

In the case of glass breakage, immediately remove all glass particles (e.g. with a vacuum cleaner). Replace the rubber cushions since even thorough cleaning will not remove all glass particles.

In order to completely remove the glass particles and the metal dust from the rotor chamber:

• Grease the upper third of the centrifuge chamber with e.g. Vaseline.

• Then, let the rotor rotate for a few minutes at a moderate speed (approx.

2,000 rpm). The glass and metal particles will now collect at the greased part and can easily be removed with a cloth together with the grease.

• Remove the grease with glass and metal particles with a cloth.

• If necessary, repeat this procedure.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 54 of 75 English translation

7.1.6 Condenser

In order to cool the refrigerant that is compressed by the refrigeration unit, a lamellar condenser is used. It is cooled by air.

Dust and dirt obstruct the cooling flow of air. Dust on condenser pipes and lamellas reduces the heat exchange and thus the performance of the refrigeration unit. This is why the installation site should be as clean as possible.

• Check the condenser at least once per month for dirt and clean it if necessary.

• If you have any queries, please contact our service department (see 6.2.9 "Service Contact", page 49).

7.2 Sterilization and Disinfection of the Rotor Chamber and Accessories

• Use commercially-available disinfectants such as, for example, Sagrotan

Buraton

, or Terralin® (available at chemist’s shops or drugstores).

• The centrifuges and the accessories consist of various materials. A possible incompatibility must be considered.

• Before using cleaning or decontamination agents that were not recommended by us, contact the manufacturer to ensure that such a procedure will not damage the centrifuge.

• For autoclaving, consider the continuous heat resistance of the individual materials (see 7.2.1 “Autoclaving“, page 55). Please contact us if you have any queries (see 6.2.9 "Service Contact", page 49).

If dangerous materials (e.g. infectious and pathogenic substances) are used, the centrifuge and accessories must be disinfected.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 55 of 75 English translation

7.2.1 Autoclaving

The service life of the accessories essentially depends on the frequency of autoclaving and use.

• Replace the accessories immediately when the parts show changes in color or structure or in the occurrence of leaks etc.

• During autoclaving, the caps of the tubes must not be screwed on in order to avoid the deformation of the tubes.

• Replace the rotor 12124 after autoclaving 20 times or 5 years.

It cannot be excluded that plastic parts, e.g. lids or carriers, may deform during autoclaving.

Autoclaving:

Accessories max. temp.

°C

min. time min

max. time min

max. cycles

Glass tubes 134-138 3 40 Polycarbonate tubes 115-118 30 40 20 Polypropylene tubes 115-118 30 40 30 Teflon tubes 134-138 3 5 100 Aluminum rotors 134-138 3 5 Polypropylene rotor 12124 115-118 30 40 20 Polycarbonate/Polyallomer lids for angle rotors

115-118 30 40 20

Polysulfone lids for angle rotors

134-138 3 5 100

Aluminum buckets 134-138 3 5 Polycarbonate caps for buckets

115-118 30 40 50

Polypropylene caps for buckets

115-118 30 40 50

Polysulfone caps for buckets 134-138 3 5 100 Rubber adapters 115-118 30 40 Rubber cushions 115-118 30 40 Round carriers made of polypropylene

115-118 30 40 -

ditto, made of polyallomer and polycarbonate

115-118 30 40 -

Rectangular carriers made of polypropylene

115-118 30 40 -

ditto, made of polyallomer and polycarbonate

115-118 30 40 -

Fig. 7.1: Autoclaving table

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 56 of 75 English translation

8 Disposal

8.1 Disposal of the Centrifuge

In accordance with the directive 2002/96/EC, SIGMA centrifuges are marked with the symbol shown to the left. This symbol means that it is not permissible to dispose of the unit among household trash.

• You can return these centrifuges free of cost to SIGMA Laborzentrifugen GmbH.

• Please ensure that the unit is decontaminated.

• Please fill in the enclosed declaration of decontamination.

• Please comply with any other applicable local rules and regulations.

8.2 Disposal of the Packaging

• Use the packaging to return the centrifuge for disposal.

Or:

• Dispose of the packaging, after having separated the individual materials.

• Please comply with all local rules and regulations.

9 Warranty and Liability

The warranty and liability are subject to our "General Conditions" that were distributed to the operator upon the conclusion of the contract.

Warranty and liability claims are excluded if they are due to:

• Improper use

• Non-compliance with the safety instructions and hazard warnings in the

operating manual

• Force majeure

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 57 of 75 English translation

10 Suitable Accessories

Part no. Description Max. speed

(rpm)

Max. gravitational field (x g)

11124 Swing-out rot or 24 x 1.5 / 2.0 ml, incl. 3 sets buckets no. 13124,

for e.g. reaction vials no. 15008, 15040, incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17878, max. radius 7.4 cm, min. radius 3.5 cm

14 000 16 215

12024 Angle rotor 2 4 x 1.5/2.0 ml, for e.g. reaction vials, e.g. no.

15008, 15040, incl. polysulfone lid no. 17828, max. radius 8.2 cm, min. radius 5 cm, angle 45°

14 000 17 968

12124 Angle rotor made of polypropylene 24 x 1.5/2.0 ml, for e.g.

reaction vials no. 15008, 15040, incl. polysulfone lid no. 17857, max. radius 8.2 cm, min. radius 5 cm, angle 45°

14 000 17 968

12031 Angle rotor for 40 x 0.25/0.4 ml, for e.g. reaction vials, e.g. no.

15014, incl. polysulfone lid no. 17833, max. radius 8 cm, min. radius 5 cm, angle 45°

14 000 17 530

12101 Angle rotor made of polypropylene, for 4 PCR-strips with

8 tubes 0.2 ml e.g no. 15042, incl. polysulfone lid no. 17865, max. radius 6.6 cm, min. radius 5.4 cm, angle 45°

14 000 14 462

12132 Angle rotor 3 0 x 1.5/2.0 ml, for e.g. reaction vials no. 15008,

15040, incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17849, max. radius 10 cm, min. radius 6.7 cm

14 000 21 913

12126 Angle rotor made of polypropylene 36 x 0.5/0.75 ml, e.g. no.

15005 incl. polysulfone lid no. 17887, max. radius 7.3 cm, min. radius 4.6 cm, angle 45°

14 000 14 996

12104 Angle rotor, for 12 PCR-strips with 8 tubes 0.2 ml, e.g no.

15042, incl. hermetic aluminium lid no. 17867, max. radius 9.8 cm, min. radius 8 cm, angle 45°

14 000 18 845 /

21 475

Adaptors and Plastic Vessels

Part no. Description

13021

Adapter for PCR-tube 0.2 ml, ∅ 5.85/6.95 x 20/23.4 mm, suitable for 11124, 12024, 12124,

12132 13000 Adapter for reaction vials 0.25-0.4 ml 15014, suitable for 11124, 12024, 12124, 12132 13002 Adapter for reaction vials 0.5-0.75 ml 15005, Ø 7.9/10 x 28/31 mm, suitable for 11124,

12024, 12124, 12132 15042

PCR-tube 0.2 ml, ∅ 5.85/6.95 x 20/23.4 mm, 1 pack contains 100 pcs., suitable for 13021 15014 Reaction vial s 0.4 ml (Beckman system), polypropylene, 1 pack contains 100 pcs., suitable

for 12031, 13000 15005 Reaction vials 0.5 ml, Ø 7.9/10 x 28/31 mm, 1 pack contains 100 pcs., suitable for 13002 15008 Reaction vial s 1.5 ml, 1 pack contains

100 pcs., suitable for 11124, 12024, 12124, 12132 15040 Reaction vial s 2.2 ml, 1 pack contains

100 pcs., suitable for 11124, 12024, 12124, 12132

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 58 of 75 English translation

Accessories for microhematocrite capillary tubes

Part no. Description Max. speed

(rpm)

Max. gravitational field (x g)

11024 Microhematocritrotor incl. lid, suitable for 24 capillary tubes

Ø 1.5 x 75 mm, 50 µl no. 15001, incl. reader no. 17029, usable

with reader no. 17024, max. radius 8.6 cm, min. radius 1.1 cm

12 000 13 845

16003 Rubber ring for microhematocrite rotor 15001 Microhemato crite capillary tubes, heparinized,

Ø 1.5 x 75 mm, 50 µl, 200 pcs. per pack 17005 Capillary tube sealing putty (10 plates) 17024 Reader fo r use with microhematocritrotor 17029 Card reader for 1 capillary tube 17004 Magnifying glass

Further accessories available upon request.

10.1 Maximum speed for tubes

Some tubes, such as centrifuge glass tubes, microtubes, culture tubes, fluoropolymer tubes and especially high-volume tubes can be used in our rotors, buckets, and adapters at higher speeds than their breaking limit.

• Always fill the tubes up to their useful volume (= the volume that is stated for the tube).

• Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 59 of 75 English translation

10.2 Graphical Representation of the Rotors

The graphical representation of the rotors shows the maximum and minimum radii of the accessories used. If necessary, the values must be manually calculated (see 11.1.1 “RCF”, page 60).

Fig. 10.3: Microhematocrite rotor

Fig. 10.1: Minimum and maximum radius of a swing-out rotor

Fig. 10.2: Minimum and maximum radius of an angle rotor

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 60 of 75 English translation

11 Appendix

11.1 Formulae – Mathematical Relations

11.1.1 Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF)

The parameters speed, RCF, and the group rotor and radius cannot be specified independently. They are interrelated via the following formula:

RCF = 11.18 x 10-6 x r x n2

If two values are given, the third value is determined by the equation. If then the speed or the rotation radius is changed, the resulting RCF will be recalculated. If the RCF is altered, the speed will be adapted accordingly under the consideration of the radius.

r = radius in cm n = speed in rpm RCF without dimension

11.1.2 Density

If the density of the liquid is higher than 1.2 g/cm

, the maximum permissible

speed of the centrifuge is calculated according to the following formula:

n = n

max

x )/2.1( Rho

Rho = density in g/cm

11.1.3 Speed-Gravitational-Field-Diagram

Additional help can be found in the enclosed speed-gravitational-field-diagram (see next page).

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 61 of 75 English translation

Fig. 11.1: Speed

ravitational-field-diagram

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 62 of 75 English translation

11.2 Declaration of Decontamination/Return Declaration

The Return Declaration (page 63) and the Declaration of Decontamination (page

65) serve for maintaining the safety and health of our employees.

Fill out the forms and attach them when returning centrifuges, accessories, and spare parts. Please understand that we cannot carry out any work before we have the declarations. We recommend several copies of this page to be

made.

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 69 of 75 English translation

11.3 Resistance Data

Resistant at +20 °C

- no data 1 resistant 2 practically resistant 3 partially resistant 4 not resistant

Concentration

High Density

Polyethylene

Polyamide

Polycarbonate

Polyoxymethylene

Polypropylene

Polysulfone

Polyvinyl chloride, hard

Polyvinyl chlorid, weak

Polytetrafluorethylene

Aluminum

Medium Formula [%] HDPE PA PC POM PP PSU PVC PVC PTFE AL

cetaldehyde C2H4O 40 3 2 4 2 3 4 4 - 1 1

cetamide C2H5NO saturated 1 1 4 1 1 4 4 - 1 1

cetone C3H6O 100 1 1 4 1 1 4 4 - 1 1

crylonitrile C3H3N 100 1 1 4 3 3 4 4 4 1 1

llyl alcohol C3H6O 96 1 3 3 2 2 2 2 4 1 1

luminum chloride

lCl3 saturated 1 3 2 4 1 - 1 - 1 4

luminum sulfate

l2(SO4)3 10 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1

mmonium chloride (NH4)Cl aqueous 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 3

mmonium hydroxide NH3 + H2O 30 1 3 4 1 1 2 1 - 1 1

niline C6H7N 100 1 3 4 1 2 4 4 4 1 1

nisole C7H8O 100 3 4 4 1 4 4 2 - 1 1

ntimony trichloride SbCl3 90 1 4 1 4 1 - 1 - 1 4 Benzaldehyde C7H6O 100 1 3 4 1 1 3 4 4 1 1 Benzene C6H6 100 3 2 4 1 3 4 4 - 1 1 Boric acid H3BO3 aqueous 1 3 1 2 1 - - - 1 1 Butyl acrylate C7H12O2 100 1 2 4 2 3 4 4 4 1 1 Butyl alcohol, normal C4H10O 100 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 4 1 1 Calcium chloride CaCl2 alcoholic 1 4 2 3 1 - - 4 1 3 Carbon disulfide CS2 100 4 3 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 1 Carbon tetrachloride (TETRA) CCl4 100 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 1 Chlorine Cl2 100 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 3 Chlorine water Cl2 x H2O 3 4 4 4 3 - 3 3 1 4 Chlorobenzene C6H5Cl 100 3 4 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 1 Chloroform CHCl3 100 3 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 1 3 Chromic acid CrO3 10 1 4 2 4 1 4 1 - 1 1 Chromic potassium sulfate KCr(SO4)2 x 12H2O saturated 1 2 1 3 1 - 1 - 1 3 Citric acid C6H8O7 10 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Citric acid C6H8O7 50 1 3 1 2 1 - - - 1 1 Copper sulfate CuSO4 x 5H2O 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 Cyclohexanol C6H12O 100 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 Decane C10H22 100 - 1 2 1 3 - - - 1 1 Diaminoethane C2H8N2 100 1 1 3 1 1 - 3 4 1 1 Diesel fuel — 100 1 1 3 1 1 - 1 3 1 1 Dimethyl formamide (DMF) C3D7NO 100 1 1 4 1 1 4 3 - 1 1 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) C2H6SO 100 1 2 4 1 1 4 4 - 1 1 Dimethylaniline C8H11N 100 - 3 4 2 4 - - - 1 1 Dioxane C4H8O2 100 2 1 4 1 3 2 3 4 1 1

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 70 of 75 English translation

Resistant at +20 °C

- no data 1 resistant 2 practically resistant 3 partially resistant 4 not resistant

Concentration

High Density

Polyethylene

Polyamide

Polycarbonate

Polyoxymethylene

Polypropylene

Polysulfone

Polyvinyl chloride, hard

Polyvinyl chlorid, weak

Polytetrafluorethylene

Aluminum

Medium Formula [%] HDPE PA PC POM PP PSU PVC PVC PTFE AL

Dipropylene glycol (mono)methyl ether C4H10O 100 3 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 1 1 Ethyl acetate C4H8O2 100 1 1 4 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 Ethylene chloride C2H4Cl2 100 3 3 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 1 Ferrous chloride FeCl2 saturated 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 4 Formaldehyde solution CH2O 30 1 3 1 1 1 - - - 1 1 Formic acid CH2O2 100 1 4 3 4 1 3 3 1 1 1 Furfural C5H4O2 100 1 3 3 2 4 - - - 1 1 Gasoline C5H12 - C12H26 100 2 1 3 1 3 3 2 - 1 1 Glycerol C3H8O3 100 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 Heptane, normal C7H16 100 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 4 1 1 Hexane, n- C6H14 100 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 4 1 1 Hydrogen chloride HCl 5 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 4 Hydrogen chloride HCl concentrated 1 4 4 4 1 1 2 3 1 4 Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 3 Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 30 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 3 Hydrogen sulfide H2S 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 Iodine, tincture of I2 1 4 3 1 1 - 4 4 1 1 Isopropyl alcohol C3H8O 100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 2 Lactic acid C3H6O3 3 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 - 1 1 Magnesium chloride MgCl2 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mercuric chloride HgCl2 10 1 4 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 4 Mercury Hg 100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 3

Methyl acetate C3H6O2 100 1 1 4 2 1 - 4 4 1 1 Methyl alcohol CH4O 100 1 2 4 1 1 3 1 3 1 1 Methyl benzene C7H8 100 3 1 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 1 Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) C4H8O 100 1 1 4 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 Methylene chloride CH2Cl2 100 4 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 1 1 Mineral oil — 100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 Nitric acid HNO3 10 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 3 Nitric acid HNO3 100 4 4 4 4 4 - 4 - 1 1 Nitrobenzene C6H5NO2 100 3 4 4 3 2 4 4 4 1 1 Oleic acid C18H34O2 100 1 1 1 2 1 - 1 - 1 1 Oxalic acid C2H2O4 x 2H2O 100 1 3 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ozone O3 100 3 4 1 4 3 1 1 - 1 2 Petroleum — 100 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 Phenol C6H6O 10 1 4 4 4 1 4 1 3 1 1 Phenol C6H6O 100 2 4 4 4 1 3 4 3 1 1 Phosphoric acid H3PO4 20 1 4 2 4 1 - - - 1 4 Phosphorus pentachloride PCl5 100 - 4 4 4 1 - 4 4 1 1 Potassium hydrogen carbonate CHKO3 saturated 1 1 2 1 1 - - - 1 4 Potassium hydroxide KOH 30 1 1 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 4

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 71 of 75 English translation

Resistant at +20 °C

- no data 1 resistant 2 practically resistant 3 partially resistant 4 not resistant

Concentration

High Density

Polyethylene

Polyamide

Polycarbonate

Polyoxymethylene

Polypropylene

Polysulfone

Polyvinyl chloride, hard

Polyvinyl chlorid, weak

Polytetrafluorethylene

Aluminum

Medium Formula [%] HDPE PA PC POM PP PSU PVC PVC PTFE AL

Potassium hydroxide KOH 50 1 1 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 4 Potassium nitrate KNO3 10 1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 1 Potassium permanganate KMnO4 100 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 - 1 1 Pyridine C5H5N 100 1 1 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 1 Resorcinol C6H6O2 5 1 4 2 3 1 4 2 - 1 2 Silver nitrate

gNO3 100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 Sodium bisulfite NaHSO3 10 1 1 2 4 1 - - - 1 1 Sodium carbonate Na2CO3 10 1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 3 Sodium chloride NaCl 30 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 Sodium hydroxide NaOH 30 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 Sodium hydroxide NaOH 50 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 - 1 4 Sodium sulfate Na2SO4 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Spirits C2H6O 96 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 Styrene C8H8 100 4 1 4 1 3 - 4 4 1 1 Sulfuric acid H2SO4 6 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 3 Sulfuric acid H2SO4 fuming 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 3 Tallow — 100 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 1 Tetrahydrofuran (THF) C4H8O 100 3 1 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 1 Tetrahydronaphthalene C10H12 100 3 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 1 1 Thionyl chloride Cl2SO 100 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 3 Transformer oil — 100 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 - 1 1 Trichloroethane C2H3Cl3 100 3 3 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 4 Urea CH4N2O 10 1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 1 Urine — 100 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 2 Vinegar C

2H4O2

10 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Vinegar C

2H4O2

90 1 4 4 4 1 3 1 4 1 1 Wax — 100 - 1 1 1 - - - 1 1 Wines — 100 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 4 Xylene C8H10 100 3 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 1 1 Zinc chloride SnCl2 10 1 4 2 2 1 - - - 1 4

Fig. 11.4: Resistance data

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 73 of 75 English translation

12 Index

Acceleration curves

- see also the softstart and softstop function......................................................................27

Acceleration time

- see also the softstart and softstop function......................................................................35

Acid ............................................................................................................................69, 70, 71

Adapter .............................................................................................................................55, 58

Alkaline solutions........................................................................................................19, 50, 51

Ambient temperature........................................................................................................13, 40

Angle rotor ........................................................................................................................34, 55

Auto-Lid-Open function ..........................................................................................................44

Bucket ......................................................................................................18, 20, 51, 52, 53, 55

Capillary tubes

- tubes with a very small cross-section...............................................................................32

Carrier ........................................................................................................................34, 53, 55

Centrifugation with low Capacity............................................................................................33

Centrifuges

- definition...........................................................................................................................11

Chemical reactions.................................................................................................................52

Cleaning agents ...............................................................................................................50, 51

Compressor............................................................................................................................41

Condensation.........................................................................................................................24

Condenser ..............................................................................................................................54

Connected load......................................................................................................................13

Connecting cable....................................................................................................................15

Contamination

- contamination with harmful substances................................................................20, 50, 51

Continuous heat resistance....................................................................................................54

Continuous run.................................................................................................................27, 37

Corrosion

- chemical changes of the material surface..............................18, 20, 21, 34, 50, 51, 52, 53

Cracks........................................................................................................................21, 34, 52

Current consumption..............................................................................................................13

Damage of the surface...........................................................................................................52

Dangerous goods...................................................................................................................19

Deceleration curves

- see also the softstart and softstop function......................................................................27

Deceleration time

- see also the softstart and softstop function......................................................................35

Density .......................................................................................................................18, 60, 69

Disinfectants...........................................................................................................................54

Electrical connection ..............................................................................................................13

EMC as per EN 61326 ...........................................................................................................13

Equipotential bonding screw ..................................................................................................28

Error messages................................................................................................................28, 46

Errors................................................................................................................................28, 48

Fire-fighting measures............................................................................................................ 21

Freezing-over of the compressor ...........................................................................................41

Fuse ...........................................................................................................................15, 24, 46

General Conditions.................................................................................................................56

Glass particles........................................................................................................................53

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 74 of 75 English translation

Gravitational field............................................................................................13, 18, 32, 52, 60

Grease for load-bearing bolts...........................................................................................50, 52

Ground wire check .................................................................................................................28

Ground wire connector...........................................................................................................24

Hazard warnings ............................................................................................16, 19, 30, 31, 56

Hazards......................................................................................................................11, 20, 21

Imbalance.................................................................................................19, 28, 33, 34, 48, 53

Increment

- amount by which a quantity is increased....................................................................37, 38

Infectious substances

- material including infectious pathogenes..............................................................18, 20, 54

Inflammable substances.........................................................................................................20

IP code...................................................................................................................................13

Mains power switch..............................................................................................29, 44, 46, 47

Malfunction.......................................................................................................................18, 46

Maximum speed for glass tubes.............................................................................................34

Maximum speed for tubes......................................................................................................58

Measures for the containment of harmful emissions..............................................................21

Microhematocrite rotor .....................................................................................................18, 32

Motor shaft .....................................................................................................21, 30, 31, 32, 50

Multiple carrier..................................................................................................................34, 52

Noise level..............................................................................................................................13

Online service request........................................................................................................3, 49

Operating voltage...................................................................................................................24

Operational safety............................................................................................................20, 51

Overseas shipping..................................................................................................................22

Padlock symbol......................................................................................................................44

Parameter

- value characterizing the performance ..............................13, 27, 32, 38, 39, 40, 44, 48, 60

Pathogenic substances

- material including pathogenes........................................................................20, 50, 51, 54

Performance data...................................................................................................................13

Pivot bearing ..........................................................................................................................53

Power consumption................................................................................................................13

Power cord...........................................................................................................24, 46, 47, 50

Precooling at a standstill ........................................................................................................41

Precooling time.......................................................................................................................42

Pressure marks......................................................................................................................52

Prevention of accidents....................................................................................................11, 17

Program............................................................................................................................27, 43

Program number ....................................................................................................................43

Protection class......................................................................................................................13

Protective earth......................................................................................................................16

Radioactive substances

- material emitting harmful radiation .................................................................18, 20, 50, 51

Radius..............................................................................................................................59, 60

Rapid cooling program "RAPID TEMP"..................................................................................41

Relative centrifugal force............................................................................................ 27, 39, 60

Rotor geometry.......................................................................................................................39

Rotor number .........................................................................................................................42

Rotor tie-down screw............................................................................................30, 31, 32, 52

Rotor wrench........................................................................................................15, 30, 31, 32

Rubber cushions ..................................................................................................51, 52, 53, 55

Version 08/2008, Rev. 1.7 - sb page 75 of 75 English translation

Safety class............................................................................................................................24

Safety distance.................................................................................................................19, 24

Safety instructions......................................................................................................11, 16, 18

Safety instructions and hazard warnings..........................................................................30, 31

Serial number.........................................................................................................................49

Set temperature......................................................................................................................40

Short run.................................................................................................................................27

Slushing oil.................................................................................................................15, 51, 52

Solvents......................................................................................................................19, 50, 51

Sound signal...............................................................................................................28, 45, 46

Spare fuse..............................................................................................................................15

Spare parts.............................................................................................................................62

Storage temperature ........................................................................................................13, 22

Stress-corrosion.....................................................................................................................52

Supply voltage........................................................................................................................24

Swing-out rotor.......................................................................................................................33

Temperature.........................................................................................................40, 41, 47, 48

Temperature range.................................................................................................................13

Toxic substances..................................................................................................18, 20, 50, 51

Transport safety device....................................................................................................22, 23

Trunnion pins..........................................................................................................................53

Type of the centrifuge.............................................................................................................49

UV radiation......................................................................................................................24, 50

Ventilation.........................................................................................................................24, 48

Sigma 1-15PK, 3-16PK Operating Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual