Sierra Monitor Corporation 3100-01 User Manual
MODEL 3100-XX
FLAME DETECTOR
Sierra Monitor Corporation
1991 Tarob Court, Milpitas, CA 95035
(408) 262-6611, Toll Free: 800-727-4377
Fax: 408-262-9042
MODEL 3100-XX
Flame Detector
APPLICABILITY & EFFECTIVITY
This manual provides instructions for the following Sierra Monitor products:
Model Description
3100-01 Flame Detector - Standard
3100-02 Flame Detector - Enhanced Relay
3100-03 Flame Detector - Enhanced Relay
3100-04 Flame Detector - Enhanced Relay
3100-05 Flame Detector - Enhanced Relay
3100-06 Flame Detector - Flame Detector - 4-20mA
The instructions are effective for the above models as of March 1, 1997
Applicability & Effectivity
Instruction Manual Part Number: T15007
Rev. C2
Instruction Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 1
2. OPERATION 2
2.1 General 2
2.2 Field-of-View 3
2.3 Range 3
2.4 Environment 3
2.5 Configuration 3
2.6 LED operation 4
2.7 Relay operation 5
3. INST ALLATION 7
3.1 General Precautions 7
3.2 Housing and Conduit 7
3.3 Connection 7
3.4 T esting 8
4. MAINTENANCE 8
4.1 Lens Cleaning 8
5. TROUBLESHOOTING 9
6. SPECIFICATIONS 11
7. W ARRANTY 11
APPENDICES
A. FIGURES
A-1 - Exploded V iew 12
A-2 - Housing Dimensions 12
A-3 - Common Wiring Configurations 13
A-4 - Enhanced Series Wiring Connections 14
B. TABLES 15
B.1 Dip Switch Settings 15
B.2 Connectors 16
B.3 V erify/Aux. Relay Configurations 16
B.4 Fault T able 17
C. WIRING CONNECTIONS 18
INDEX 19
Table of Contents
Instruction Manual
1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
1.1 Introduction
All versions of the Model 3100 Flame Detector Series utilize Ultraviolet, Infrared and V isible spectrum
to provide continuous and reliable flame detection.
The microprocessor in the Model 3100 is configured with state-of-the-art fire algorithms and continuously analyzes the data from the sensor array
for individual intensity values, change of intensity
values, relationship of intensity values and frequency
signature correlations. Each algorithm is designed
to recognize a different type of flame signature from
the detectors while rejecting common false sources.
When the conditions of any one of the several fire
algorithms are met the Model 3100 declares a fire.
1.2 Fault Diagnostics
The micro-processor is also continuously performing system tests looking for any faults which would
impair its ability to accurately detect a flame and
declare an alarm. The systems being tested include:
input power, sensor circuits, relay circuits, and several other internal systems. The Model 3100 Flame
Detector also performs a through the lens test of
the sensor and lens systems. All faults are recorded
in non-volatile memory and may be retrieved by a
trained technician.
1.3 Configuration
The Model 3100-01 has a Fire Relay and a Fault
Relay which may be connected as normally open or
normally closed contacts. Models 3100-02, -03, 04, and -05 have in addition to the Fire and Faults
relays a Fire Verify system and an Auxiliary Fault
system. The Fire Verify system adds a “field adjustable” level of certainty to the declaration of a
verified fire. The Auxiliary Fault system will activate the Aux. Relay for the Lens Test fault. This
allows a separate indication for the most common
fault (a dirty lens). A technician can know immediately what is wrong and how to fix it (i.e. wipe the
lens) without reading codes, consulting manuals, or
wading through a process of complex diagnostics.
The 3100-06 has an industry standard 4-20 mA output and no relays.
The Model 3100 detector is mounted in a NEMA
4X explosion proof housing, rated for Class I Division 1 & 2 Groups B, C, D, Class II Division 1 & 2
Groups E, F, G, and Class III locations. The electronics are mounted inside an aluminum cup to protect the electronics during installation. All switch
settings and indicators are located on the front of
the Model 3100 detector module allowing field adjustments to be made without removing the detector module from the housing.
Each Model 3100 detector is calibrated and tested
to respond to a 1 square foot Kerosene fire at 80
feet with a Field-of-View of 120°. The Model 3100
detector has four sensitivity settings and six verify
levels.
FIGURE 1-1: Model 3100 Series Flame Detector
Model 3100 Series Flame Detector (11/04)
Model
Fire
Rela
y
Fault
Relay
Verify
Relay
Aux.
Relay
3100-01 X X None None
3100-02 X X N/O N/C
3100-03 X X N/C N/O
3100-04 X X N/O N/O
3100-05 X X N/C N/C
3100-06 4-20 mA signal only
Models and Functions
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Instruction Manual
2. OPERATION
2.1 General
When the Model 3100 Flame Detector is powered
up, the microprocessor checks the configuration
switch settings and configures the detector. The microprocessor then runs a full series of self tests.
After the self test process is complete and all tests
are passed, the detector is ready to detect a fire.
All modes of operation are indicated by two LEDs
located on the front of the detector. Normal Mode
is indicated by a brief flash of the LEDs every 8
seconds. With the device in Normal Mode it is
constantly monitoring the environment and ready
to detect a fire.
When a fire is detected the flame detector will activate the Fire Relay and turn on both LEDs. If the
device is configured for “Latching” Mode the device will remain in Alarm Mode until power is removed. In “Fire Following” Mode the Fire Relay
will reset when the Fire Probability Algorithm determines there is no longer a fire.
The self test system is continuously monitoring the
internal systems. When a fault is detected the Fault
Relay is de-energized. In Fault Mode the LEDs
will flash a code indicating the type of fault. A fault
indication may mean the device is unable to detect
a fire or that a device has become unreliable. (i.e. a
“Voltage Low” fault) For most faults the detector
will return to Normal Mode when the fault condition is corrected.
The Model 3100 Series comes in several versions.
The basic version 3100-01 does not have the Verify
or the Auxiliary Relay systems. The enhanced Models 3100-02, -03, -04 and -05 have the Verify and
Auxiliary Relay systems. These versions represent
the different configurations (Normally Open or
Closed contacts) of the V erify and Auxiliary Relays.
The Auxiliary Relay provides a separate relay output for the Lens Test Fault. The Verify system is
activated when a fire is declared. A V erified Fire is
declared when the conditions of the Verify Fire Algorithm are met. All other functions are the same
as the basic Model 3100-01.
The 3100-06 does not have relay outputs. It uses a
4-20 mA current circuit. The detector's status determines the amount of current flow through the
circuit.
Page: 2
Figure 2-1: Model 3100 Series Field of View
Model 3100 Series Flame Detector (11/04)
Instruction Manual
SW1
SW2
SW3
SW4
SW5
SW1 Shown in off position
SW2 Shown in on position
Figure 2-2: Configuration Switches
2.2 Field-of-V iew (See Figure 2-1)
Optical Flame Detectors must be able to “see” the
fire to declare an alarm. Any obstruction between
the detector and the threat area will impair the detectors ability to cover the threat area. An obstruction is anything that is not transparent to the sensor
elements of the detector. UV sensors and some
types of IR sensors cannot see through glass or plastics. The 3100 series of Flame Detectors has a
120° Field of V iew .
When covering a large area the detectors should be
located to provide overlapping fields of view to insure complete coverage.
2.3 Range
The size of fire and type of materials which constitute the threat will affect the detector’s range. Different materials produce different amounts of the
radiant energy used by the detector to “see” the
fire. Also, the range of the detector is a function of
the fire size. Using the square of the distance rule,
if the device will detect a one sq. ft. fire at 60 feet,
to detect a 1/4 size fire (aprox. 6 sq. in.) the devices
must be within 30 feet. The Model 3100 Detector
is optimized to a 1 sq. ft. Kerosene fire at 80 feet
with the sensitivity settings set to maximum sensitivity .
2.4 Environment
All optical flame detectors sense radiant energy at
some frequency or frequencies within their Fieldof-View. Any source which radiates energy at the
same frequency or frequencies used by the detector
SW9
SW8
SW7
SW6
to sense a fire may impact the detector’s ability to
“see” the fire. Care should be taken to minimize
radiant energy sources within the detectors Fieldof-View. Because of the variety of environments
and conditions, a factory trained technician or qualified P.E. should be consulted before deciding on
the location of devices. The Model 3100 Detector
uses an Ultraviolet sensor (180 - 260 nanometers),
an Infrared sensor (.715 - 3.5 microns), and a Visible sensor (480 - 560 nanometers).
2.5 Configuration (See Figure 2-2)
All of the 3100 Series models have field adjustable
configuration switches located on the front face of
the detector. The factory settings are shown in italic
text. The enhanced models have additional configuration options for the Verified Fire.
2.5.1 Sensitivity
All versions have several sensitivity settings
available. The sensitivity settings are 20, 40,
60, and 80 feet. Each setting is optimized to
alarm on a 1 sq. ft. Kerosene fire within 5
seconds. Switches 1 and 2 control the sensitivity. The factory default is 80 feet. (SW1
and SW2 are off.)
Note: Different fuels emit energy at different
rates. For example; a fire involving fuel oil
does not emit energy at the same rate as gasoline. Consequently, the Model 3100 will be
able to respond to a gasoline fire at a little
greater distance than it will to a fuel oil fire.
Similary, a fire involving acetone will be seen
at a greater distance than one involving gaso-
line.
Model 3100 Series Flame Detector (11/04)
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Instruction Manual
LED 1
(2 locations)
Configuration Switches
Figure 2-3: Model 3100 Series Detector Module (Front)
2.5.2 Verify Control
The Enhanced Model 3100-02, -03, -04, 05 and -06 have the Verified Fire function.
The Verify Control switches allow the user
to select the verify level, disable the verify
function, or make the Verify Relay operate
in parallel with the Fire Relay. The verify
function in enabled when the detector declares an alarm. The verify level sets the
degree of certainty required to declare a verified fire. The lowest level (1) is the lowest
certainty (fastest) and the highest level (6) is
the greatest certainty (slowest) of a fire. The
verify function enables an algorithm which
evaluates the fire signature over time to determine the degree of certainty. When the
degree of certainty exceeds the level set by
the configuration switches a Verified Fire is
declared and the Verify Relay is energized.
Switches 3, 4, and 5 control the verify function. The factory default is verify disabled
and set to level 0. (SW3, SW4 and SW5 are
off.)
2.5.3 Latching Control
The latching controls allow the detector or
individual relay outputs to be set to “Latching” or “Fire Following”. “Latching” causes
the relay to stay energized until power is removed from the detector. “Non-latching” allows the relay to reset (de-energize) when a
flame is not present for a short period of time.
For the detector to be set to "Non-latching"
both Fire Output and Verify Output must be
set to "Non-latching". If either the fire out-
LED 2
Mounting Screw
put or the verify output is set to "Latching"
then the detector will be set to "Latching".
When the detector is set to "Latching" the
LED's will indicate an alarm until the device
is reset regardless of the fire or verify relay
output settings.
The Verify Relay is automatically configured
as “Latching” if the Fire Relay is set to “Latching”. SW6 sets the Fire Relay Output, SW7
sets the Verify Relay Output and SW8 sets
the Detector Mode. To set the detector to
"Non-latching", SW6, SW7 and SW8 must
be set to "Non-latching. The factory defaults
are “Latching” (SW6 and SW7 ar e off.)
2.5.4 Other Configuration Switches
The last configuration switch (SW9) must be
in the off position. The factory default set-
ting is off.
2.6 LED operation (See Figure 2-3)
The status of all versions of the flame detectors can
be determined from the LEDs located behind the
lens on the front of the detector. The LEDs will
flash at intervals or remain on to indicate the detectors status. (Fault Mode, Normal Mode, Alarm
Mode, Verified Fire Mode, and on power up the
Configuration Settings).
2.6.1 Power Up
At power up all versions of the flame detector will begin flashing the LEDs. The LEDs
will flash 8 consecutive patterns which indicates the positions of the configuration
switches. Each pattern indicates the position
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Model 3100 Series Flame Detector (11/04)
Instruction Manual
Figure 2-4: Model 3100 Series Detector Module (Back)
(“on” or “off”) of a switch (SW1-SW8).
The first flash pattern indicates the position
of the first switch (SW1), with each consecutive flash indicating the position of the next
switch in order. The flash pattern is as follows: only one LED “on” indicates a switch
in the “off” position, both LEDs “on” indicates a switch in the “on” position. The position of SW9 is not indicated. If SW9 is in
the “on” position the detector will power up
in fault mode.
2.6.2 Normal
In Normal Mode the LEDs will flash briefly
every 8 seconds. Whenever the device is in
any other mode the “flash every 8 seconds”
is suspended until the detector returns to
Normal Mode.
2.6.3 Fire
When any version of the Model 3100 declares a fire, both LEDs will come “on” and
stay “on”. If the detector is set to "Latching"
the LED's will remain "on" and stay "on"
until the detector is powered down. If the
detector is set to "Non-latching" the LED's
will reset to "Normal Mode" when the fire is
no longer being detected. If the Verified Fire
is declared (Verify Fire is only on the Enhanced Models) the LEDs will blink “off”
briefly every second. If the detector is set to
"Latching" the LED's will remain in this state
until the detector is powered down.
2.6.4 Fault
When the detector has power and is in Fault
Mode LED1 (the left LED when facing the
detector with the configuration switches below the LEDs) will be on for 5 seconds while
the LED2 (the right LED) will be off see
Table B.4 on page 12. The LED will turn
"off" and LED 2 will begin flashing 1/2 seconds "on" and 1/2 second "off" a number of
times. The number of times LED2 flashes
indicates the type of fault. This cycle is repeated until the fault is corrected. Only the
highest number fault is indicated. Once a
fault is corrected the next highest level fault
will be indicated until all faults are cured.
Except for fault level 2 and 3, a fire indication will override a fault indication. The detector is disabled if a fault 2 or 3 is indicated.
2.7 Relay operation (See Figure 2-4)
The Model 3100-01 has two relays, the enhanced
Models 3100-02, -03, -04 and -05 have four relays.
The function of the Fire and Fault Relays is the
same on all models. The Verify Relay and Aux.
Relay is only available on the enhanced models. All
relay connections are made at the connectors located on the back of the flame detector module.
2.7.1 Fire Relay
The Fire Relay will energize whenever the
detector declares a fire. Depending on the
configuration setting, the relay will: “Latch-
Model 3100 Series Flame Detector (11/04)
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