Siemens Solkor 7PG2113, Solkor 7PG2116, Solkor 7PG2114, Solkor 7PG2115 Technical Manual

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor

Feeder Protection

Answers for energy

Reyrolle

Protection

Devices

Contents

Technical Manual Chapters

1. Description of Operation

2. Settings

3. Performance Specification

4. Communications

5. Installation

6. Commissioning and Maintenance

7. Applications Guide

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Contents

The copyright and other intellectual property rights in this document, and in any model or article produced from it (and including any registered or unregistered design rights) are the property of Siemens Protection Devices Limited. No part of this document shall be reproduced or modified or stored in another form, in any data retrieval system, without the permission of Siemens Protection Devices Limited, nor shall any model or article be reproduced from this document unless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent.

While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct, no liability shall be accepted for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission, whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause. Any and all such liability is disclaimed.

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

7PG2113/4/5/6

Feeder Protection

Document Release History

This document is issue 2010/08. The list of revisions up to and including this issue is:

2010/08 First Issue

Software Revision History

2009/04 2436H80003R1g-1c 7PG2113/5

2436H80004R1g-1c 7PG2114/6

First Release

The copyright and other intellectual property rights in this document, and in any model or article produced from it (and including any registered or unregistered design rights) are the property of Siemens Protection Devices Limited. No part of this document shall be reproduced or modified or stored in another form, in any data retrieval system, without the permission of Siemens Protection Devices Limited, nor shall any model or article be reproduced from this document unless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent.

While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct, no liability shall be accepted for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission, whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause. Any and all such liability is disclaimed.

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Contents

Section 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 6

1.1 General Safety Precautions .................................................................................................................... 6

1.1.1 Current Transformer Circuits..................................................................................................... 6

1.1.2 External Resistors..................................................................................................................... 6

1.1.3 Front Cover ............................................................................................................................... 6

Section 2: Hardware Description............................................................................................................................ 15

2.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 15

2.2 Case...................................................................................................................................................... 16

2.3 Front Cover ........................................................................................................................................... 17

2.4 Power Supply Unit (PSU)...................................................................................................................... 17

2.5 Operator Interface/ Fascia .................................................................................................................... 17

2.6 Current Inputs ....................................................................................................................................... 21

2.7 Voltage Inputs ....................................................................................................................................... 21

2.8 Binary Inputs ......................................................................................................................................... 22

2.9 Binary Outputs (Output Relays) ............................................................................................................ 22

2.10 Virtual Input/Outputs ............................................................................................................................. 24

2.11 Self Monitoring ...................................................................................................................................... 24

2.11.1 Protection Healthy/Defective................................................................................................... 24

Section 3: Current Differential Protection Function ................................................................................................ 25

3.1 Description ............................................................................................................................................ 25

3.2 Operation .............................................................................................................................................. 27

3.3 Theory of Summation Transformer ....................................................................................................... 34

Section 4: Numeric Protection Module Functions .................................................................................................. 35

4.1 Current Protection: Phase Overcurrent (67, 51, 50).............................................................................. 35

4.1.1 Directional Control of Overcurrent Protection (67) – 7PG2114/6 ............................................ 35

4.1.2 Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection (50) ............................................................................. 37

4.1.3 Time Delayed Overcurrent Protection (51).............................................................................. 38

4.1.4 Current Protection: Voltage Controlled Overcurrent (51V) – 7PG2114/6 ................................ 40

4.2 Current Protection: Derived Earth Fault (67N, 51N, 50N) ..................................................................... 41

4.2.1 Directional Control of Derived Earth Fault Protection (67N) – 7PG2114/6.............................. 41

4.2.2 Instantaneous Derived Earth Fault Protection (50N)............................................................... 42

4.2.3 Time Delayed Derived Earth Fault Protection (51N) ............................................................... 43

4.3 Current Protection: Measured Earth Fault (67G, 51G, 50G) ................................................................. 45

4.3.1 Directional Control of Measured Earth Fault Protection (67G) – 7PG2114/6 .......................... 45

4.3.2 Instantaneous Measured Earth Fault Protection (50G) ........................................................... 46

4.3.3 Time Delayed Measured Earth Fault Protection (51G) ........................................................... 47

4.4 Current Protection: High Impedance Restricted Earth Fault - (64H) ..................................................... 49

4.5 Current Protection: Cold Load (51c) ..................................................................................................... 50

4.6 Current Protection: Negative Phase Sequence Overcurrent - (46NPS) ................................................ 51

4.7 Current Protection: Under-Current (37)................................................................................................. 52

4.7.1 Current Protection: Thermal Overload (49) ............................................................................. 53

4.8 Voltage Protection: Phase Under/Over Voltage (27/59) – 7PG2114/6.................................................. 55

4.9 Voltage Protection: Negative Phase Sequence Overvoltage (47) – 7PG2114/6 ................................... 56

4.10 Voltage Protection: Neutral Overvoltage (59N) – 7PG2114/6 ............................................................... 57

Section 5: Control & Logic Functions ..................................................................................................................... 58

5.1 Auto-Reclose (79) Optional Function .................................................................................................... 58

5.1.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................. 58

5.1.2 Auto Reclose sequences ........................................................................................................ 60

5.1.3 Autoreclose Prot’n Menu......................................................................................................... 61

5.1.4 Autoreclose Config Menu........................................................................................................ 61

5.1.5 P/F Shots sub-menu ............................................................................................................... 63

5.1.6 E/F Shots sub-menu ............................................................................................................... 63

5.1.7 SEF Shots sub-menu.............................................................................................................. 63

5.1.8 Extern Shots sub-menu........................................................................................................... 64

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

5.2 Manual Close ........................................................................................................................................ 66

5.3 Circuit Breaker (CB) .............................................................................................................................. 66

5.4 Quick Logic ........................................................................................................................................... 68

Section 6: Supervision Functions........................................................................................................................... 70

6.1 Circuit Breaker Failure (50BF) .............................................................................................................. 70

6.2 VT Supervision (60VTS) – 7PG2114/6 ................................................................................................. 71

6.3 CT Supervision (60CTS) ....................................................................................................................... 73

6.3.1 60CTS – 7PG2113/5............................................................................................................... 73

6.3.2 60CTS – 7PG2114/6............................................................................................................... 73

6.4 Broken Conductor (46BC)..................................................................................................................... 74

6.5 Trip/ Close Circuit Supervision (74TCS & 74CCS) ............................................................................... 75

6.6 2nd Harmonic Block/Inrush Restraint (81HBL2) phase elements only.................................................. 76

6.7 Demand ................................................................................................................................................ 76

Section 7: Other Features...................................................................................................................................... 77

7.1 Data Communications........................................................................................................................... 77

7.2 CB Maintenance ................................................................................................................................... 77

7.2.1 Output Matrix Test .................................................................................................................. 77

7.2.2 CB Counters ........................................................................................................................... 77

7.2.3 I2t CB Wear ............................................................................................................................. 77

7.3 Data Storage......................................................................................................................................... 78

7.3.1 General ................................................................................................................................... 78

7.3.2 Event Records ........................................................................................................................ 78

7.3.3 Waveform Records. ................................................................................................................ 78

7.3.4 Fault Records.......................................................................................................................... 78

7.4 Metering ................................................................................................................................................ 79

7.5 Operating Mode .................................................................................................................................... 79

7.6 Control Mode ........................................................................................................................................ 79

7.7 Real Time Clock.................................................................................................................................... 80

7.7.1 Time Synchronisation – Data Communication Interface ......................................................... 80

7.7.2 Time Synchronisation – Binary Input ...................................................................................... 80

7.8 Settings Groups .................................................................................................................................... 80

7.9 Password Feature................................................................................................................................. 80

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

List of Figures

Figure 1.1-1 Functional Diagram of 7PG2113/5 Relay with Autoreclose ................................................................. 8

Figure 1.1-2 Connections Diagram for 7PG2113 Relay ........................................................................................... 9

Figure 1.1-3 Connections Diagram for 7PG2115 Relay ......................................................................................... 10

Figure 1.1-4 Functional Diagram of 7PG2114/6 Relay with Autoreclose ............................................................... 12

Figure 1.1-5 Connections Diagram for 7PG2114 Relay ......................................................................................... 13

Figure 1.1-6 Connections Diagram for 7PG2116 Relay ......................................................................................... 14

Figure 2.2-1 Relay shown withdrawn ..................................................................................................................... 16

Figure 2.2-2 Rear view of 7PG2113/4/5/6 Relay................................................................................................... 16

Figure 2.2-3 Earth Symbol ..................................................................................................................................... 16

Figure 2.3-1 Relay with standard transparent cover .............................................................................................. 17

Figure 2.5-1 Relay with Transparent cover removed ............................................................................................. 17

Figure 2.5-2 Close up of typical relay labels .......................................................................................................... 18

Figure 2.5-3 Close up of Relay Identifier................................................................................................................ 19

Figure 2.5-4 LED Indication Label.......................................................................................................................... 21

Figure 2.8-1 Binary Input Logic .............................................................................................................................. 22

Figure 2.9-1 Binary Output Logic ........................................................................................................................... 23

Figure 3.1-1 Solkor Rf schematic........................................................................................................................... 25

Figure 3.1-2 Solkor R schematic............................................................................................................................ 25

Figure 3.1-3 Solkor Rf 15kV schematic.................................................................................................................. 26

Figure 3.2-1 Through Fault, zero ohm pilots, Positive half cycle............................................................................ 28

Figure 3.2-2 Through Fault, zero ohm pilots, Negative half cycle. ......................................................................... 28

Figure 3.2-3 Through Fault, 1000 ohm pilots, Positive half cycle........................................................................... 29

Figure 3.2-4 Through Fault, 1000 ohm pilots, Negative half cycle. ........................................................................ 29

Figure 3.2-5 Through fault Rf mode, positive half cycle ......................................................................................... 30

Figure 3.2-6 Through fault Rf mode, negative half cycle........................................................................................ 30

Figure 3.2-7 Through fault Rf mode, positive half cycle ......................................................................................... 31

Figure 3.2-8 Through fault Rf mode, negative half cycle........................................................................................ 31

Figure 3.2-9 Internal fault Rf mode, positive half cycle .......................................................................................... 32

Figure 3.2-10 Internal fault Rf mode, negative half cycle ....................................................................................... 32

Figure 3.2-11 Single End Fed fault Rf mode, positive half cycle ............................................................................ 33

Figure 3.2-12 Single End Fed fault Rf mode, negative half cycle .......................................................................... 33

Figure 4.1-1 Logic Diagram: Directional Overcurrent Element (67) ....................................................................... 36

Figure 4.1-2 Logic Diagram: Instantaneous Over-current Element ........................................................................ 37

Figure 4.1-3 Logic Diagram: Time Delayed Overcurrent Element.......................................................................... 39

Figure 4.1-4 Logic Diagram: Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Protection ............................................................... 40

Figure 4.2-1 Logic Diagram: Derived Directional Earth Fault Element ................................................................... 42

Figure 4.2-2 Logic Diagram: Derived Instantaneous Earth Fault Element ............................................................. 43

Figure 4.2-3 Logic Diagram: Derived Time Delayed Earth Fault Protection........................................................... 44

Figure 4.3-1 Logic Diagram: Measured Directional Earth Fault Protection ............................................................ 45

Figure 4.3-2 Logic Diagram: Measured Instantaneous Earth-fault Element........................................................... 46

Figure 4.3-3 Logic Diagram: Measured Time Delayed Earth Fault Element (51G)................................................ 48

Figure 4.4-1 Logic Diagram: High Impedance REF (64H) ..................................................................................... 49

Figure 4.5-1 Logic Diagram: Cold Load Settings (51c) .......................................................................................... 50

Figure 4.6-1 Logic Diagram: Negative Phase Sequence Overcurrent (46NPS)..................................................... 51

Figure 4.7-1 Logic Diagram: Relays with 4 Current Inputs Undercurrent Detector (37) ......................................... 52

Figure 4.7-2 Logic Diagram: Relays with 1 Current Inputs Undercurrent Detector (37) ......................................... 52

Figure 4.7-3 Logic Diagram: Thermal Overload Protection (49S) .......................................................................... 54

Figure 4.8-1 Logic Diagram: Under/Over Voltage Elements (27/59) ...................................................................... 55

Figure 4.9-1 Logic Diagram: NPS Overvoltage Protection (47).............................................................................. 56

Figure 4.10-1 Logic Diagram: Neutral Overvoltage Element (59N)........................................................................ 57

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Figure 5.1-1 Typical AR Sequence with 3 Inst and 1 Delayed trip ......................................................................... 60

Figure 5.1-2 Basic Auto-Reclose Sequence Diagram ............................................................................................ 65

Figure 5.3-1 Logic Diagram: Circuit Breaker Status............................................................................................... 67

Figure 5.4-1 Sequence Diagram: Quick Logic PU/DO Timers (Counter Reset Mode Off) ..................................... 69

Figure 6.1-1 Logic Diagram: Circuit Breaker Fail Protection (50BF) ...................................................................... 70

Figure 6.2-1 Logic Diagram: VT Supervision Function (60VTS) ............................................................................ 72

Figure 6.3-1 Logic Diagram: CT Supervision Function (60CTS) – 7PG2113/5...................................................... 73

Figure 6.3-2 Logic Diagram: CT Supervision Function (60CTS) – 7PG2114/6...................................................... 74

Figure 6.4-1 Logic Diagram: Broken Conductor Function (46BC) .......................................................................... 74

Figure 6.5-1 Logic Diagram: Trip Circuit Supervision Feature (74TCS) ................................................................. 75

Figure 6.5-2 Logic Diagram: Close Circuit Supervision Feature (74CCS) ............................................................. 75

Figure 6.6-1 Functional Diagram for Harmonic Block Feature (81HBL2) ............................................................... 76

List of Tables

Table 1-1 7PG2113/5 Ordering Options .................................................................................................................. 7

Table 1-2 7PG2114/6 Ordering Options ................................................................................................................ 11

Table 1-3 Summary of Compact Relay Configurations .......................................................................................... 15

Table 3-1 Summation Transformer Output ............................................................................................................ 34

Table 7-1 CB Counters .......................................................................................................................................... 77

Table 7-2 Operating Modes ................................................................................................................................... 79

Symbols and Nomenclature

The following notational and formatting conventions are used within the remainder of this document:

• Setting Menu Location MAIN MENU>SUB-MENU

• Setting: Elem name -Setting

• Setting value: value

• Alternatives: [1st] [2nd] [3rd]

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Section 1: Introduction

This manual is applicable to the following relays:

• 7PG2113/5 Pilot Wire Differential Relay with Overcurrent and Earth Fault Relay

• 7PG2114/6 Pilot Wire Differential Relay with Directional Overcurrent and Directional Earth Fault Relay

The ‘Ordering Option’ Tables summarise the features available in each model

1.1 General Safety Precautions

1.1.1 Current Transformer Circuits

The secondary circuit of a live CT must not be open circuited. Non-observance of this precaution can

!

result in injury to personnel or damage to equipment.

1.1.2 External Resistors

Where external resistors are connected to the relay circuitry, these may present a danger of electric shock or burns, if touched.

!

1.1.3 Front Cover

The front cover provides additional securing of the relay element within the case. The relay cover

!

should be in place during normal operating conditions.

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

y

|||||||||||

y Typ

|||||||||

|

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|

,

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3

|||||

|C|

|

5

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g

|||||||

|

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|

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|

y

|||||||

p

A

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|

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|

p

|||

g

|

A

|

A

|

p

Table 1-1 7PG2113/5 Ordering Options

ORDER-No.: 7PG 211 - A12 -1 0

Protection Product Famil

Solkor R/Rf Scheme

Rela

e

Solkor R/Rf

I/O and Fascia

Case

Non Directional OC, E10 case, 4 CT, 3 Binary Inputs / 5 Binary Outputs, 10 LEDs Non Directional OC, E10 case, 4 CT, 6 Binary Inputs / 8 Binary Outputs, 10 LEDs

Measurin

1A, 50/60Hz 5A, 50/60Hz

Auxiliar

80-250V DC, binary input threshold 19V DC 80-250V DC, binary input threshold 88V DC 24-60V DC, binary input threshold 19V DC

S

Communica tion Interface

Standard version - included in all models, USB front port, RS485 rear port

Protocol

IEC 60870-5-103, Modbus RTU and DNP3(user selectable setting)

S

Protection Function Packa

For future development For future development

Standard version - included in all models 37 Undercurrent 46BC Broken conductor/load unbalance 46NPS Negative phase sequence overcurrent 49 Thermal overload 50BF Circuit breaker fail 50G/50N Instantaneous earth fault 50 Instantaneous phase fault overcurrent 51 Time delayed phase fault overcurrent 51G/51N Time delayed earth fault 60CTS CT Supervision 64H High impedance REF 74TCS Trip circuit supervision 51c Cold load pickup 81HBL 2 Inrush Res train t

Standard version - plus 79 Autoreclose

Solkor Mode

Solkor Rf Solkor R

S

1)

input

voltage

are

es

Programmable logic

1)

are

Defaul t mode when supplied, rela y mode is easil y changed la ter m y internal link s

1234567 89101112 13141516

||| ||||| ||||

5

1

|| ||||| ||||

6

1

| ||||| ||||

7

||||| ||||

8

1 2

|||| ||||

9

G

||| ||||

H

||| ||||

J

||| |||| ||| ||||

10

|| ||||

11

1

| ||||

12

||||

2

||||

13

1

|||

14

||

B C

|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||

D

||

15

|

B

|

16

0

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Figure 1.1-1 Functional Diagram of 7PG2113/5 Relay with Autoreclose

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Figure 1.1-2 Connections Diagram for 7PG2113 Relay

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Figure 1.1-3 Connections Diagram for 7PG2115 Relay

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

y

|||||||||||

y Ty

|||||||||

|

|||||||||

|||||

|C|

|

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g

|||||||

|

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|

y

||||||A

|||||

|||

|

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|

|||

g

|

A

|

A

|

Table 1-2 7PG2114/6 Ordering Options

ORDER-No.: 7 P G 2 1 1 - A 1 2 - 1 0

Protection Product Famil Solkor R/Rf Scheme 1

Rela

pe

Solkor R/Rf

Case, I/O and Fascia

Directional OC, E10 case, 4 CT, 3 VT, 3 Binary Inputs / 5 Binary Outputs, 10 LEDs Directional OC, E10 case, 4 CT, 3VT, 6 Binary Inputs / 8 Binary Outputs, 10 LEDs

Measurin

1A, 50/60Hz 1 5A, 50/60Hz

Auxiliar

80-250V DC, binary input threshold 19 V DC 80-250V DC, binary input threshold 88 V DC 24-60V DC, binary input threshold 19V DC

input

voltage

Spare

Communication Interface

Standard version - included in all models, USB front port, RS485 rear port

Protocol IEC 60870-5-103, Modbus RTU and DNP3(user selectable setting) 2

Spare

Protection Function Packa

For future development For future development B

Standard version - included in all models 27/59 Under/Over Voltage 37 Undercurrent 46BC Broken conductor/load unbalance 46NPS Negative phase sequence overcurrent 47 Negative phase sequence voltage 49 Thermal overload 50BF Circuit breaker fail 51V Voltage Controlled Overcurrent 59N Neutral voltage displacement 60CTS CT Supervision 60VTS VT Supervision 64H High impedance REF 67/50 Directional instantaneous phase fault overcurrent 67/50G 67/50N Directional instantaneous earth fault 67/51 Directional time delayed phase fault overcurrent 67/51G 67/51N Directional time delayed earth fault 74TCS Trip circuit supervision 51c Cold load pickup 81HBL2 Inrush Restraint

Standard version - plus 79 Autoreclose

Solkor Mode

Solkor Rf Solkor R B

Programmable logic

1)

es

Spare

1)

Default mode when supplied, relay mode is easily changed later by internal links

1234567 89101112 13141516

||| ||||| ||||

5

|| ||||| ||||

6

| ||||| ||||

1

| ||||| ||||

7

4 6

||||| ||||

8

|||| ||||

2

|||| ||||

9

||| ||||

G

||| ||||

H

||| ||||

J

||| |||| ||| ||||

10

|| |||| || ||||

11

| ||||

1

| ||||

12

||||

13

|||

1

|||

14

C

D

|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||

||

15

|

16

0

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

1

2

3

N

A

IL1

B

IL2

C

IL3

N

I4

VL1

VL2

VL3

37

(x2)

37

(x2)

37

(x2)

37

(x4)

87L

50

49

50 BF

27 59

51V

BF

50

51V

BF

50

51V

BF

51c

81H

64H

BL2

59N

47

(x2)

NOTE: The use of some functions are mutually exclusive

7PG2114-__A12-1D_0 7PG2116-__A12-1D_0

67/

50

51

(x4)

67/

51

(x4)

67/

51

(x4)

67/

51N

(x4)

67/ 51G (x4)

79

46

BC

60

CTS60VTS

74 TCS (x3)

50

(x4)

67/

50

(x4)

67/ 50N (x4)

67/

50G (x4)

46

NPS

(x2)

81H BL2

CCS

86

74

(x3)

Figure 1.1-4 Functional Diagram of 7PG2114/6 Relay with Autoreclose

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Figure 1.1-5 Connections Diagram for 7PG2114 Relay

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Figure 1.1-6 Connections Diagram for 7PG2116 Relay

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Section 2: Hardware Description

2.1 General

The relay combines the Current Differential function of a Solkor R/Rf relay with the functions and flexibility of a modern numeric protection device.

Solkor R & Rf are well established Pilot Wire Current Differential Protection for use with privately owned 2 core pilots with relatively high core resistance.

Solkor R/Rf protection benefits from the following main features:

• High transient stability

• High speed operation (<60ms)

• Little or no variation of settings with pilot length

• Up to 20% of rated load can be tapped off from inside of the protection zone.

• Easy to install, commission and maintain

• 15kV pilot isolation option

• Easily reconnected as either Solkor Rf or Solkor R

• Pilot wire supervision schemes available

• Remote end injection intertripping via pilot cores available

The structure of the numeric guard module is based upon the Reyrolle Compact hardware platform. The combined relay is supplied in a size E10 case (where 1 x E = width of approx. 26mm). The hardware design provides commonality between products and components across the Reyrolle Compact range of relays.

Table 1-3 Summary of Compact Relay Configurations

Relay

7PG2113 4 0 3 5 3 10

7PG2115 4 0 6 8 3 10

7PG2114 4 3 3 5 3 10

7PG2116 4 3 6 8 3 10

Numeric modules are assembled from the following printed circuit boards:

1) Front Fascia with 9 configurable LEDs and 1 Relay Healthy LED.

2) Processor module.

3) Current Analogue / Output module

4 x Current + 5 x Binary Outputs (BO)

4) Voltage Analogue / Input / output module

3 x Voltage (7PG2114)

3 x Voltage + 3 x Binary Input and 3 x Binary Output Module. (7PG2116)

5) Power Supply and 3 x Binary Input (BI) and RS485.

Current

Inputs

Voltage

Inputs

Binary Inputs

Programmable

Binary Outputs

Fixed 87L

Binary outputs

LEDs

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

2.2 Case

The relays are housed in cases designed to fit directly into standard panel racks. The case has a width of 260mm and a height of 177 mm (4U). The required panel depth (with wiring clearance) is 242 mm.

The relay modules are withdrawable from the front of the case. Contacts in the case ensure that the CT circuits and normally closed contacts remain short-circuited when the relay is removed. To withdraw the relay modules remove the front cover by rotating the six securing pins and withdraw using the module handles. The relay modules should not be carried using these handles..

Figure 2.2-1 Relay shown withdrawn

The rear terminal blocks comprise M4 female terminals for wire connections. Each terminal can accept two 4mm crimps.

Figure 2.2-2 Rear view of 7PG2113/4/5/6 Relay

Located at the top rear of the case is a screw clamp earthing point, this must be connected to terminal B28 and directly to the main panel earth. This connection point is indicated by the following symbol.

Figure 2.2-3 Earth Symbol

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

2.3 Front Cover

As standard the relay is supplied with a transparent front cover. The front cover is used to secure the relay modules in the case.

Figure 2.3-1 Relay with standard transparent cover

2.4 Power Supply Unit (PSU)

The relay can be ordered with two different nominal power supply ranges, 24V to 60V and 80V to 320V dc. The Solkor R/Rf module does not require an auxiliary supply and is universal for all DC ratings.

In the event of the supply voltage level falling below the relay minimum operate level the PSU will automatically switch itself off and latch out – this prevents any PSU overload conditions occurring. The PSU is reset by switching the auxiliary supply off and on.

2.5 Operator Interface/ Fascia

The operator interface is designed to provide a user-friendly method of controlling, entering settings and retrieving data from the relay. Links are provided to allow setting of pilot padding resistance and test points are provided to allow operating spill current to be measured.

Figure 2.5-1 Relay with Transparent cover removed

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

The fascia is an integral part of the relay modules. Handles are located on the modules which allow them to be withdrawn from the relay case. The relay should not be carried by these handles.

Relay Information

Above the LCD two labels are provided, these provide the following information:

1) Product Information & Rating Label, containing

MLFB ordering code

Nominal current rating

Rated frequency

Voltage rating

Auxiliary supply rating

Binary input supply rating

Serial number

2) Purpose inscription label marked ‘Solkor’.

Figure 2.5-2 Close up of typical relay labels

A ‘template’ is available in Reydisp Software to allow users to create and print customised purpose inscription labels.

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

For safety reasons the following symbols are displayed on the fascia

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

A 4 line by 20-character alpha-numeric liquid crystal display indicates settings, instrumentation, fault data and control commands.

To conserve power the display backlighting is extinguished when no buttons are pressed for a user defined period. The ‘backlight timer’ setting within the “SYSTEM CONFIG” menu allows the timeout to be adjusted from 1 to 60 minutes and “Off” (backlight permanently on). After an hour the display is completely de-activated. Pressing any key will re-activate the display.

The LCD contrast can be adjusted using a flat blade screwdriver to turn the screw located below the contrast symbol

. Turning the screw clockwise increases the contrast, anti-clockwise reduces the contrast.

User defined indentifying text can be programmed into the relay using the System config/Relay Identifier setting. The ‘Relay Identifier’ text is displayed on the LCD display at the top level of the menu structure and is used in communication with Reydisp to identify the relay. Pressing the Cancel button several times will always return the user to this screen.

Figure 2.5-3 Close up of Relay Identifier

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

LCD Indication

General Alarms are user defined text messages displayed on the LCD when mapped to binary or virtual inputs. Up to six general alarms of 16 characters can be programmed, each triggered from one or more input. Each general alarm will also generate an event.

If multiple alarms are activated simultaneously the messages are displayed on a separate page in a rolling display on the LCD. All general alarms raised when a fault trigger is generated will be logged into the Fault Data record.

Standard Keys

The relay is supplied as standard with five pushbuttons. The buttons are used to navigate the menu structure and control relay functions. They are labelled:

▲ Increases a setting or moves up menu. ▼ Decreases a setting or moves down menu.

TEST/RESET► Moves right, can be used to reset selected functionality and for LED test (at

relay identifier screen).

ENTER Used to initiate and accept settings changes. CANCEL Used to cancel settings changes and/or move up the menu structure by one

level per press.

NOTE: All settings and configuration of LEDs, BI and BO can be accessed and set by the user using these keys. Alternatively configuration/settings files can be loaded into the relay using ‘Reydisp’. When the System Config>Setting Dependencies is ENABLED, only the functions that are enabled will appear in the menu structure.

‘PROTECTION HEALTHY’ LED

This green LED is steadily illuminated to indicate that DC voltage has been applied to the relay power supply and that the relay is operating correctly. If the internal relay watchdog detects an internal fault then this LED will continuously flash.

Indication LEDs

Relays have 9 user programmable LED indicators. Each LED can be programmed to be illuminated as either green, yellow or red. Where an LED is programmed to be lit both red and green it will illuminate yellow. The same LED can be assigned two different colours dependent upon whether a Start/Pickup or Operate condition exists. LED’s can be assigned to the pick up condition and colour selected in the OUTPUT CONFIG>LED CONFIG menu.

Functions are assigned to the LEDs in the OUTPUT CONFIG>OUTPUT MATRIX menu.

Each LED can be labelled by withdrawing the relay and inserting a label strip into the pocket behind the front fascia. A ‘template’ is available in the Reydisp software tool to allow users to create and print customised legends.

Each LED can be user programmed as hand or self–resetting. Hand reset LEDs can be reset by either pressing the TEST/RESET► button, energising a suitably programmed binary input, or, by sending an appropriate command over the data communications channel(s).

The status of hand reset LEDs is maintained by a back up storage capacitor in the event of an interruption to the d.c. supply voltage.

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Figure 2.5-4 LED Indication Label

2.6 Current Inputs

Four current inputs are provided on the Numeric module. Terminals are available for both 1A and 5A inputs.

The correct connections must be applied to suit the fixed 1A or 5A rating of the Solkor R/Rf module.

Current is sampled at 1600Hz for both 50Hz and 60Hz system frequencies. Protection and monitoring functions of the relay use either the Fundamental Frequency RMS or the True RMS value of current appropriate to the individual function.

The waveform recorder samples and displays current input waveforms at 1600Hz.

2.7 Voltage Inputs

Three voltage inputs are provided on the Analogue Input module of the 7PG2114/6 relays.

Voltage is sampled at 1600Hz for both 50Hz and 60Hz system frequencies. Protection and monitoring functions of the relay use fundamental frequency voltage measurement.

The waveform recorder samples and displays voltage input waveforms at 1600Hz.

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

2.8 Binary Inputs

The binary inputs are operated from a suitably rated dc supply.

Relays are fitted with 3 or 6 binary inputs (BI) depending on the variant. One BI should be wired externally to the Solkor R/Rf module to take advantage of the recording and indication functions of the numeric module. The user can assign any binary input to any of the available functions (INPUT CONFIG > INPUT MATRIX).

Pick-up (PU) and drop-off (DO) time delays are associated with each binary input. Where no pick-up time delay has been applied the input may pick up due to induced ac voltage on the wiring connections (e.g. cross site wiring). The default pick-up time of 20ms provides ac immunity. Each input can be programmed independently.

Each input may be logically inverted to facilitate integration of the relay within the user scheme. When inverted the relay indicates that the BI is energised when no d.c. is applied. Inversion occurs before the PU & DO time delay, see fig. 2.8-1.

Each input may be mapped to any front Fascia indication LED and/or to any Binary output contact and can also be used with the internal user programmable logic. This allows the relay to provide panel indications and alarms.

Each binary input is set by default to be read when the relay is in both the local or remote condition. A setting is provided to allow the user to select if each individual input shall be read when the relay is in the local or remote condition in the INPUT CONFIG > BINARY INPUT CONFIG menu.

Binary Input 1

Binary Input n

Inverted Inputs

BI 1 inverted

INPUT

CONFIG>

BINARY

INPUT

CONFIG

BI n inverted

=1

BI 1 P/U Delay

BI n P/U Delay

BI 1 D/O Delay

BI n D/O Delay

BI 1

Event

BI n

Event

INPUT CONFIG>

INPUT MATRIX

(Or gates)

Logic signals,

e.g. '51-1 Inhibit'

Figure 2.8-1 Binary Input Logic

2.9 Binary Outputs (Output Relays)

The Solkor R/Rf module provides 3 segregated voltage free normally open contacts. The functionality of these contacts is fixed. One contact must be wired externally to the numeric module to take advantage of the recording and indication functions of that module. Numeric modules are fitted with 5 or 8 binary outputs (BO). All outputs of the numeric module are fully user configurable and can be programmed to operate from any or all of the available functions.

In the default mode of operation the binary outputs of the numeric module are self reset and remain energised for a user configurable minimum time of up to 60 seconds. If required, these outputs can be programmed to operate as ‘hand reset’ or ‘pulsed’. If the output is programmed to be ‘hand reset’ and ‘pulsed’ then the output will be ‘hand reset’ only.

The output contacts can be used to operate the trip coils of the circuit breaker directly where the trip coil current does not exceed the 'make and carry' contact rating. The circuit breaker auxiliary contacts or other in-series auxiliary device must be used to break the trip coil current. It is recommended that the trip signal to the circuit breaker is wired directly from the Solkor R/Rf module rather than via the numeric module for maximum speed and simplicity.

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Any BO can be assigned as a ‘Trip Contact’ in the OUTPUT CONFIG>TRIP CONFIG menu. Operation of a ‘Trip Contact’ will operate any LED or virtual assigned from the trip triggered feature in the same menu and will initiate the fault record storage, actuate the ‘Trip Alert’ screen where enabled and CB Fail protection when enabled.

The following notes refer to the binary outputs of the numeric module: Notes on Pulsed Outputs

When operated, the output will reset after a user configurable time of up to 60 seconds regardless of the initiating condition.

Notes on Self Reset Outputs

Self reset operation has a minimum reset time of 100ms

With a failed breaker condition the relay may remain operated until current flow is interrupted by an upstream device. When the current is removed the relay will then reset and attempt to interrupt trip coil current flowing via its output contact. Where this current level is above the break rating of the output contact an auxiliary relay with heavy-duty contacts should be utilised in the primary system to avoid damage to the relay.

Notes on Hand Reset Outputs

Hand reset outputs can be reset by either pressing the TEST/RESET► button, by energising a suitably programmed binary input, or, by sending an appropriate command over the data communications channel(s).

On loss of the auxiliary supply hand-reset outputs will reset. When the auxiliary supply is re-established the binary output will remain in the reset state unless the initiating condition is still present.

Binary Output Test

Figure 2.9-1 Binary Output Logic

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

2.10 Virtual Input/Outputs

The relays have 8 virtual input/outputs, these are internal logic states. Virtual I/O is assigned in the same way as physical Binary Inputs and Binary Outputs. Virtual I/O is mapped from within the INPUT CONFIG > INPUT MATRIX and OUTPUT CONFIG > OUTPUT MATRIX menus.

The status of the virtual inputs and outputs is volatile i.e. not stored during power loss.

2.11 Self Monitoring

The relay incorporates a number of self-monitoring features. Each of these features can initiate a controlled reset recovery sequence.

Supervision includes a power supply watchdog, code execution watchdog, memory checks by checksum and processor/ADC health checks. When all checks indicate the relay is operating correctly the ‘Protection Healthy’ LED is illuminated.

If an internal failure is detected, a message will be displayed. The relay will reset in an attempt to rectify the failure. This will result in de-energisation of any binary output mapped to ‘protection healthy’ and flashing of the protection healthy LED. If a successful reset is achieved by the relay the LED and output contact will revert back to normal operational mode, and the relay will restart.

2.11.1 Protection Healthy/Defective

When the relay has an auxiliary DC supply and it has successfully passed its self-checking procedure then the front facia Protection Healthy LED is turned on.

A changeover or open contact can be mapped via the binary output matrix to provide an external protection healthy signal.

A changeover or closed contact can be mapped via the binary output matrix to provide an external protection defective signal. With the ‘Protection Healthy’ this contact is open. When the auxiliary DC supply is not applied to the relay or a problem is detected within the relay then this output contact closes to provide external indication.

If the relay is withdrawn from the case, the case shorting contact will make across the normally closed contacts to provide and external alarm.

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

Section 3: Current Differential Protection Function

3.1 Description

Conjunctive operation of the Current Differential function and the Overcurrent and Earth Fault Guard functions is described in the Applications section of this manual.

The Solkor Rf protection system (excluding current transformers) is shown below. The alternative basic Solkor R protection circuit is also shown

D1

R

a

.

D2

R

p

R

p

R

a

N1

A B

C

N

R

a

D5

D3

TP

D7

D4

TP

D8

R

a

D6

A B C

N N1

Figure 3.1-1 Solkor Rf schematic

Figure 3.1-2 Solkor R schematic

Selection of the Solkor Rf or Solkor R operating mode is arranged by wire links, internal to the relay. The relay contains an 8-way internal terminal block. 4 wires marked 1-4 must be moved from 4 terminals marked ‘Solkor Rf’ to 4 adjacent terminals marked ‘Solkor R’. Additionally a wire link must be fitted, externally to the relay on the rear terminal block to use the relay in Solkor R mode.

In addition to the basic components there are at each end, three non-linear resistors, a tapped ‘padding’ resistor and three diodes. The non-linear resistors are used to limit the voltage appearing across the pilots and the operating element. The purpose of the ‘padding’ resistors at each end is to bring the total pilot loop resistance up to a standard value. The protection is therefore always working under constant conditions and its performance is to a large extent, independent of the resistance of the pilot cable’ The ‘padding’ resistors comprise five series connected sections, each section having a short circuiting link. The values of the resistance on the sections are 35 ohms, 65 ohms, 130 ohms, 260 ohms and 500ohms.

For Solkor R the value chosen should be as near as possible to ½(1000-R resistance. The 500 ohm resistor should therefore never be fitted for the Solkor R and the link will always be fitted for this mode.

) ohms, where Rp is the pilot

p

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

For Solkor Rf without isolating transformers the value chosen should be as near as possible to ½(2000-Rp) ohms.

For Solkor Rf with isolating transformers the value chosen should be as near as possible to

½(SV-R

)/T ohms.

p

where T = Isolating transformer tap.

& SV = Standard resistance value for tap on transformers,

1780Ω for tap1, 880Ω for tap 0.5 & 440Ω for tap 0.25

The operating element is of the attracted armature type with three contacts, each pair being brought out to separate terminals. The inherent advantages of such a relay are robustness and simplicity and since the contacts are suitable for direct operation of a circuit breaker trip coil, no repeat relay is necessary.

A 5kV insulation level is provided between the secondary winding of the summation transformer and its primary winding. The core and the relay coil is also insulated at 5kV.

Since the only external connections to the relay are those to; the current transformers, the pilots and the tripping and alarm circuits, the installation and commissioning of the equipment is extremely simple. To check the current in the operating element, a test point is provided.

The 15kV arrangement is for applications where the voltage across the pilot insulation due to induction or a rise in station earth potential are excessive and where, consequently, the normal 5kV insulation level is not considered adequate.

The complete protection scheme is shown in figure below.

Figure 3.1-3 Solkor Rf 15kV schematic

The difference between this circuit and that shown previously is that the pilots are connected via interposing transformers which incorporate 15kV insulation barriers between windings to isolate the pilot circuit. The introduction of the isolating transformer does not modify the basic principle of operation of the protection but allows greater range of pilot coverage by the use of taps on the isolating transformer secondary windings.

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

3.2 Operation

Solkor R belongs to the circulating current class of differential protections which can be recognised by two main features. Firstly, the current-transformer secondaries are arranged to produce a current circulating around the pilot loop under external fault conditions. Secondly, the protective relay operating coils are connected in shunt with the pilots across points which have the same potential when the current circulates around the pilot loop. In this particular scheme equipotential relaying points during external fault conditions exist at one end during one half cycle of fault current, and at the other end during the next half cycle. During half cycles when the relay at either end is not at the electrical midpoint of the pilot system the voltage appearing across the relay is in the reverse direction to that required for operation.

At each end of the feeder the secondaries of the current transformers are connected to the primary of the summation transformer – see section 3.3 Theory of Summation Transformer. For various types of current distribution in the three current transformers, a single phase quantity appears in the summation transformer secondary winding and is applied to the pilot circuit. By this means a comparison between the currents at each end of a three phase line is effected over a single pair of pilot wires on an equivalent single phase basis. The tappings on the summation transformer primary have been selected to give an optimum balance between the demands of fault setting and stability.

The pilot is shown as a ‘lumped’ resistor RP. The rest of the pilot loop is made up of four resistors Ra and four diodes D1, D2, D5 and D6. The operating elements, which are made unidirectional by diodes D3, D4, D7 and D8 are connected in shunt with the pilots.

During an external fault condition, an alternating current circulates around the pilot loop. Thus on successive half cycles one or other of the resistors R D2. The total resistance in each leg of the pilot loop at any instant is therefore substantially constant and equal to Ra+Rp. The effective position of Ra however, alternates between ends, being dependent upon the direction of the current. The change in the effective position of R for successive half-cycles of the pilot current.

In other words stability is achieved by current balance using the Solkor R principle of establishing the electrical centre point geographically within the end which has positive polarity so that the positively polarised measuring elements remain in the negative part of the circuit and are thus biased against operation.

Referring to the basic circuit of Solkor Rf as shown in Figure 3.1-2, the circulating current will flow from the summation transformer through the diode or the resistor depending on the polarity of the summation transformer output. Thus the circuit may be redrawn to suit the polarities of summation transformer output as shown in Figure

3.2-1 & Figure 3.2-2 below.

at the two ends of the pilot is short circuited by its associated diode D1 or

a

makes the voltage distribution between the pilot cores different

a

7PG2113/4/5/6 Solkor Description of Operation

R

A

a

+

B

D3

R

p

C

D4

D2

D

-

W Z

XY

A

XYW Z

B

C

Figure 3.2-1 Through Fault, zero ohm pilots, Positive half cycle.

R

A

-

D1

B

D3

p

C

D4

+

YX

R

a

+

D

+

-

XW

D

YXZW

C

B

A

Figure 3.2-2 Through Fault, zero ohm pilots, Negative half cycle.

Figure 3.2-1 & Figure above represents the operations of Solkor R protection with zero ohm pilots so that the loop resistance is represented entirely by the 500 ohm padding resistor in each relay and the 1000ohm sum in the pilot circuit is in one leg of the pilot circuit as shown, RP.

Resistors Ra are of greater resistance than the pilot loop resistance Rp and this causes the point of zero potential to occur within the resistors R

, as shown in Figure 3.2-1. The voltage across each relaying point (B-X and C-Y)

a

throughout the cycle is now always negative. This voltage bias must be overcome before operation can take place; consequently the effect is to enhance the stability of the protection against through faults.

Siemens Solkor 7PG2113, Solkor 7PG2116, Solkor 7PG2114, Solkor 7PG2115 Technical Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Section 1: Introduction

1.1 General Safety Precautions

1.1.1 Current Transformer Circuits

1.1.2 External Resistors

1.1.3 Front Cover

2.1 General

2.2 Case

2.3 Front Cover

2.4 Power Supply Unit (PSU)

2.5 Operator Interface/ Fascia

2.6 Current Inputs

2.7 Voltage Inputs

2.8 Binary Inputs

2.9 Binary Outputs (Output Relays)

2.10 Virtual Input/Outputs

2.11 Self Monitoring

2.11.1 Protection Healthy/Defective

Section 3: Current Differential Protection Function

3.1 Description

3.2 Operation