Seagate ST16000NM004G User Manual

X16 SAS Product Manual

512E* models

Standard

ST16000NM002G
ST14000NM002G
ST12000NM002G
ST10000NM002G

512E* models

Self-Encrypting

ST16000NM004G
ST14000NM004G
ST12000NM004G
ST10000NM004G

512E* models

SED-FIPS 140-2

ST16000NM009G
ST14000NM012G
ST12000NM008G
ST10000NM010G

* Default configuration is 512E for 512E / 4KN drives.

See

Section 4.1.2 to Fast Format to 4KN in seconds

100845788, Rev. G

September 2019

Document Revision History

Revision Date Pages affected and Description of changes

Rev. A 04/10/2019 Initial release.

Rev. B 04/25/2019

18: Format times - Typical
35: Updated Section 6.6.4 Shock and Vibration

Rev. C 05/06/2019 30: Updated Table 3 - DC power requirements (16TB and 14TB)

Rev. D 05/15/2019 35: Updated Operating & Non-Operating shock statements.

Rev. E 07/10/2019 18: Corrected Areal density to 1028 Gb/in2

fc, 8, 19-20, 33-34, 57 & 60-62: Added 10TB & 12TB models and specifications
fc, 8, 42 & 57: Added FIPS models & Section 7.0 About FIPS

Rev. F 09/20/2019

20: Added 14TB Format command execution times
35: Restored note 4 reference in DC power requirements table
37: Corrected Section 6.5 text to 16TB

Rev. G 09/27/2019

19: Updated Section 4.1.1 to reflect Maximum
20: Added 12TB & 10TB Sustained Data Transfer Rates

© 2019 Seagate Technology LLC. All rights reserved.

Publication number: 100845788, Rev. G September 2019

Seagate, Seagate Technology and the Spiral logo are registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC in the United States and/or other countries. Raid Rebuild and SeaTools are either
trademarks or registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC or one of its affiliated companies in the United States and/or other countries. The FIPS logo is a certification mark of NIST,
which does not imply product endorsement by NIST, the U.S., or Canadian governments.All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission of Seagate Technology LLC.
Call 877-PUB-TEK1 (877-782-8351) to request permission.

When referring to drive capacity, one gigabyte, or GB, equals one billion bytes and one terabyte, or TB, equals one trillion bytes. Your computer’s operating system may use a different
standard of measurement and report a lower capacity. In addition, some of the listed capacity is used for formatting and other functions, and thus will not be available for data storage.
Actual quantities will vary based on various factors, including file size, file format, features and application software. Actual data rates may vary depending on operating environment
and other factors. The export or re-export of hardware or software containing encryption may be regulated by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security (for
more information, visit www.bis.doc.gov), and controlled for import and use outside of the U.S. Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings or specifications.

Contents

Seagate® Technology Support Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1.0 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

2.1 Agency and Safety Certifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

2.1.1 Safety certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

2.1.2 Regulatory Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

2.1.3 Electromagnetic compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

2.1.4 Electromagnetic compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.1.5 European Union (EU) CE Marking Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.1.6 Australian RCM Compliance Mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.1.7 Canada ICES-003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.1.8 South Korean KC Certification Mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

2.1.9 Morocco Commodity Mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

2.1.10 Taiwanese BSMI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

2.2 FCC verification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

2.3 Environmental protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2.3.1 European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substance Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2.3.2 China Requirements —China RoHS 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

2.3.3 Taiwan Requirements — Taiwan RoHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

2.4 Reference documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3.0 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.1 Standard features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3.2 Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.3 Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.4 Media description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.5 Formatted capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.6 Programmable drive capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3.7 Factory-installed options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

4.0 Performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

4.1 Internal drive characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

4.1.1 Format command execution time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

4.1.2 Fast Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

4.1.3 General performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

4.2 Start/stop time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

4.3 Prefetch/multi-segmented cache control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

4.4 Cache operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

4.4.1 Caching write data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

4.4.2 Prefetch operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 2

Contents

5.0 Reliability specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

5.1 Error rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

5.1.1 Recoverable Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

5.1.2 Unrecoverable Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

5.1.3 Seek errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

5.1.4 Interface errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

5.2 Reliability and service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

5.2.1 Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) and Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

5.2.2 Hot plugging the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

5.2.3 S.M.A.R.T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

5.2.4 Thermal monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

5.2.5 Drive Self Test (DST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

5.2.6 Product warranty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

6.0 Physical/electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

6.1 PowerChoice™ power management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

6.1.1 PowerChoice reporting methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

6.2 Power Balance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

6.3 AC power requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

6.4 DC power requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

6.4.1 Conducted noise immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

6.4.2 Power sequencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

6.4.3 Current profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

6.5 Power dissipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

6.6 Environmental limits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

6.6.1 Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

6.6.2 Humidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

6.6.3 Effective altitude (sea level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

6.6.4 Shock and Vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

6.6.5 Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

6.6.6 Air cleanliness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

6.6.7 Corrosive environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

6.6.8 Electromagnetic susceptibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

6.7 Mechanical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

7.0 About FIPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 3

Contents

8.0 About self-encrypting drives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

8.1 Data encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

8.2 Controlled access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

8.2.1 Admin SP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

8.2.2 Locking SP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

8.2.3 Default password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

8.3 Random number generator (RNG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

8.4 Drive locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

8.5 Data bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

8.6 Cryptographic erase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

8.7 Authenticated firmware download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

8.8 Power requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

8.9 Supported commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

8.10 Sanitize - CRYPTOGRAPHIC ERASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

8.11 RevertSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

9.0 Defect and error management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

9.1 Drive internal defects/errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

9.2 Drive error recovery procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

9.3 SAS system errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

9.4 Deferred Auto-Reallocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

9.5 Idle Read After Write. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

9.6 Protection Information (PI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

9.6.1 Levels of PI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

9.6.2 Setting and determining the current Type Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

9.6.3 Identifying a Protection Information drive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

10.0 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

10.1 Drive orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

10.2 Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

10.3 Drive mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

10.4 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 4

Contents

11.0 Interface requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

11.1 SAS features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

11.1.1 task management functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

11.1.2 task management responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

11.2 Dual port support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

11.3 SCSI commands supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

11.3.1 Inquiry data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

11.3.2 Mode Sense data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

11.4 Miscellaneous operating features and conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

11.4.1 SAS physical interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

11.4.2 Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

11.4.3 Connector requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

11.4.4 Electrical description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

11.4.5 Pin descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

11.4.6 SAS transmitters and receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

11.4.7 Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

11.5 Signal characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

11.5.1 Ready LED Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

11.5.2 Differential signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

11.6 SAS-3 Specification Compliance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

11.7 Additional information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 5

Seagate® Technology Support Services

For information regarding online support and services, visit: http://www.seagate.com/contacts/

For information regarding Warranty Support, visit: http://www.seagate.com/support/warranty-and-replacements/

For information regarding data recovery services, visit: http://www.seagate.com/services-software/recover/

For Seagate OEM, Distribution partner and reseller portals, visit: http://www.seagate.com/partners/

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 6

www.seagate.com Scope

1.0 Scope

This manual describes Seagate® Exos® X16 SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) disk drives.

Exos X16 drives support the SAS Protocol specifications to the extent described in this manual. The SAS Interface Manual (part number 100293071)
describes the general SAS characteristics of this and other Seagate SAS drives.

Product data communicated in this manual is specific only to the model numbers listed in this manual. The data listed in this manual may not be
predictive of future generation specifications or requirements. If designing a system which will use one of the models listed or future generation
products and need further assistance, please contact the Field Applications Engineer (FAE) or our global support services group as shown in See

“Seagate® Technology Support Services” on page 6 .

Unless otherwise stated, the information in this manual applies to standard and Self-Encrypting Drive models.

Model type 5xxE

ST16000NM002G

Standard

Self-Encrypting Drive (SED)

SED FIPS (140-2)

ST14000NM002G
ST12000NM002G
ST10000NM002G

ST16000NM004G

ST14000NM004G

ST12000NM004G
ST10000NM004G

ST16000NM009G

ST14000NM012G

ST12000NM008G
ST10000NM010G

Note

.

Note

Previous generations of Seagate Self-Encrypting Drive models were called Full Disk Encryption (FDE) models
before a differentiation between drive-based encryption and other forms of encryption was necessary.

The Self-Encrypting Drive models indicated on the cover of this product manual have provisions for “Security of Data
at Rest” based on the standards defined by the Trusted Computing Group (see www.trustedcomputinggroup.org).

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 7

www.seagate.com Applicable standards and reference documentation

2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation

The drives documented in this manual have been developed as system peripherals to the highest standards of design and
construction. The drives depend on host equipment to provide adequate power and environment for optimum performance and
compliance with applicable industry and governmental regulations. Special attention must be given in the areas of safety, power
distribution, shielding, audible noise control, and temperature regulation. In particular, the drives must be securely mounted to
guarantee the specified performance characteristics. Mounting by bottom holes must meet the requirements of

2.1 Agency and Safety Certifications

Each Hard Drive and Solid State Drive (“drives”) has a product label that includes certifications that are applicable to that specific
drive. The following information provides an overview of requirements that may be applicable to the drive.

2.1.1 Safety certification

These products are certified to meet the requirements of UL/cUL 60950-1, EN 60950-1, and may also include, IEC 62368, UL 62368
and EN 62368.

The security features of Self-Encrypting Drive models are based on the “TCG Storage Architecture Core Specification” and the “TCG
Storage Workgroup Security Subsystem Class: Enterprise_A” specification with additional vendor-unique features as noted in this
product manual.

2.1.2 Regulatory Models

Section Table 10.3.

The following regulatory model number represent all features and configurations within the series:

Regulatory Model Numbers: STL009

2.1.3 Electromagnetic compatibility

The drive, as delivered, is designed for system integration and installation into a suitable enclosure prior to use. The drive is
supplied as a subassembly and is not subject to Subpart B of Part 15 of the FCC Rules and Regulations.

The design characteristics of the drive serve to minimize radiation when installed in an enclosure that provides reasonable
shielding. The drive is capable of meeting the Class B limits of the FCC Rules and Regulations when properly packaged; however, it
is the user’s responsibility to assure that the drive meets the appropriate EMI requirements in their system. Shielded I/O cables may
be required if the enclosure does not provide adequate shielding. If the I/O cables are external to the enclosure, shielded cables
should be used, with the shields grounded to the enclosure and to the host controller.

2.1.3.1 Electromagnetic susceptibility

The drive as delivered is tested to meet susceptibility requirements in a representative enclosure. It is the responsibility of those
integrating the drive within their systems to perform those tests required and design their system to ensure that equipment
operating in the same system as the drive or external to the system does not adversely affect the performance of the drive. See

Section 6.4, "DC power requirements".

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www.seagate.com Applicable standards and reference documentation

2.1.4 Electromagnetic compliance

Seagate uses an independent laboratory to confirm compliance with the directives/standards for CE Marking and RCM Marking.
The drive was tested in a representative system for typical applications and comply with the Electromagnetic Interference/
Electromagnetic Susceptibility (EMI/EMS) for Class B products. The selected system represents the most popular characteristics for
test platforms.

Although the test system with this Seagate model complies with the directives/standards, we cannot guarantee that all systems
will comply. The computer manufacturer or system integrator shall confirm EMC compliance and provide the appropriate marking
for their product.

2.1.5 European Union (EU) CE Marking Requirements

Drives that display the CE mark comply with the European Union (EU) requirements specified in the Electromagnetic Compatibility
Directive (2014/30/EU) put into force on 20 April 2016. Testing is performed to the levels specified by the product standards for
Information Technology Equipment (ITE). Emission levels are defined by EN 55032:2012, Class B and the immunity levels are
defined by EN 55024:2010.

The drives also meet the requirements of The Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 2014/35/EU.

Seagate drives are tested in representative end-user systems. Although CE-marked Seagate drives comply with all relevant
regulatory requirements and standards for the drives, Seagate cannot guarantee that all system-level products into which the
drives are installed comply with all regulatory requirements and standards applicable to the system-level products. The drive is
designed for operation inside a properly designed system (e.g., enclosure designed for the drive), with properly shielded I/O cable
(if necessary) and terminators on all unused I/O ports. Computer manufacturers and system integrators should confirm EMC
compliance and provide CE marking for the system-level products.

For compliance with the RoHS “Recast” Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2),

Law” on page 11

.

See “European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substance

2.1.6 Australian RCM Compliance Mark

If these models have the RCM marking, they comply with the Australia/New Zealand Standard AS/NZ CISPR32 and meet the
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of the Australian Communication and Media Authority (ACMA).

2.1.7 Canada ICES-003

If this model has the ICES-003:2016 marking it complies with requirements of ICES tested per ANSI C63.4-2014.

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www.seagate.com Applicable standards and reference documentation

ࣗط یࡈ࢕߇ΰח

% 
ɼࢽࡈ؏ܞݦ࢕ࢢ

ࢇ Е ɼࢽࡈ%  ࢷ࢕ળࢶଢԻ۰ ࣯Ի
ɼࢽ߾۰ یࡈଜЕ ʨࡶ ּࢶࡳԻ ଜֲ ֻҘ
ࠇ߾۰یࡈଟܹ࢑ݡТЬ

2.1.8 South Korean KC Certification Mark

The South Korean KC Certification Mark means the drives comply with paragraph 1 of Article 11 of the Electromagnetic
Compatibility control Regulation and meet the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of the Radio
Research Agency (RRA) Communications Commission, Republic of Korea.These drives have been tested and comply with the
Electromagnetic Interference/Electromagnetic Susceptibility (EMI/EMS) for Class B products. Drives are tested in a representative,
end-user system by a Korean-recognized lab.

2.1.9 Morocco Commodity Mark

To satisfy our OEM customers, Seagate has added the Moroccan Commodity Mark to the drives provided to the OEM for the sale of
Customer Kits produced by our OEM customers that are intended to be incorporated into the OEM's finished system-level product
by an end user. The Customer Kits are considered 'devices' under Morocco's Order of the Minister of Industry, Trade, Investment
and Digital Economy No. 2574-14 of 29 Ramadan 1436 (16 July 2015) on electromagnetic compatibility of equipment.

Seagate drives are tested for compliance and complies with the European Union (EU) Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
Directive 2014/30/EU and the Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 2014/35/EU. Accordingly, the drives also meets the requirements of
Morocco's Order of the Minister of Industry, Trade, Investment and Digital Economy No. 2574-14 of 29 Ramadan 1436 (16 July 2015)
on electromagnetic compatibility of equipment.

2.1.10 Taiwanese BSMI

Drives with the Taiwanese certification mark comply with Chinese National Standard, CNS13438.

For compliance with the Taiwan Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection’s (BSMI) requirements,

see Section 2.3.3 on page 13.

2.2 FCC verification

These drives are intended to be contained solely within a personal computer or similar enclosure (not attached as an external
device). As such, each drive is considered to be a subassembly even when it is individually marketed to the customer. As a
subassembly, no Federal Communications Commission verification or certification of the device is required.

Seagate has tested this device in enclosures as described above to ensure that the total assembly (enclosure, disk drive,
motherboard, power supply, etc.) does comply with the limits for a Class B computing device, pursuant to Subpart J, Part 15 of the
FCC rules. Operation with noncertified assemblies is likely to result in interference to radio and television reception.

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www.seagate.com Applicable standards and reference documentation

Radio and television interference. This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in
strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, may cause interference to radio and television reception.

This equipment is designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation. However, there
is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause interference to radio or
television, which can be determined by turning the equipment on and off, users are encouraged to try one or more of the following
corrective measures:

• Reorient the receiving antenna.

• Move the device to one side or the other of the radio or TV.

• Move the device farther away from the radio or TV.

• Plug the computer into a different outlet so that the receiver and computer are on different branch outlets.

If necessary, users should consult a dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional suggestions. Users may find
helpful the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission: How to Identify and Resolve Radio-Television
Interference Problems. This booklet is available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402. Refer to publication number 004-000-00345-4.

2.3 Environmental protection

Seagate designs its products to meet environmental protection requirements worldwide, including regulations restricting certain
chemical substances.

2.3.1 European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substance Law

2.3.1.1 Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Seagate drives are designed to be compliant with the European Union RoHS “Recast” Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) as amended
by Directive (EU) 2015/863. The RoHS2 restricts the use of certain hazardous substances such as Lead, Cadmium, Mercury,
Hexavalent Chromium, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB) and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE), BisBis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate
(DEHP), Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) in electrical and electronic
equipment (EEE).

2.3.1.2 Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC)

The European Union REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals) Regulation (EC) 1907/2006
regulates chemicals shipped into and used in Europe. A number of parts and materials in Seagate products are procured from
external suppliers. We rely on the representations of our suppliers regarding the presence of REACH substances in these articles
and materials. Our supplier contracts require compliance with our chemical substance restrictions, and our suppliers document
their compliance with our requirements by providing full-disclosure material content declarations that disclose inclusion of any
REACH-regulated substance in such articles or materials. Product-specific REACH declarations are available upon request through
your Seagate Sales Representative.

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www.seagate.com Applicable standards and reference documentation

20

2.3.2 China Requirements —China RoHS 2

China RoHS 2 refers to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Order No. 32, effective July 1, 2016, titled
Management Methods for the Restriction of the Use of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products.
To comply with China RoHS 2, Seagate determines this product's Environmental Protection Use Period (EPUP) to be
20 years in accordance with the Marking for the Restricted Use of Hazardous Substances in Electronic and Electrical
Products, SJT 11364-2014.

Table 1 China - Hazardous Substances

有害物质

部件名称

Part Name

铅

(Pb)

汞

(Hg)

Hazardous Substances

镉

(Cd)

六价铬

(Cr+6)

多溴联苯

(PBB)

多溴二苯醚

(PBDE)

硬盘驱动器

HDD

印刷电路板组装

PCBA

本表格依据 SJ/T 11364 的规定编制。

This table is prepared in accordance with the provisions of SJ/T 11364-2014

O：表示该有害物质在该部件所有均质材料中的含量均在 GB/T 26572 规定的限量要求以下。
O：Indicates that the hazardous substance contained in all of the homogeneous materials for this

part is below the limit requirement of GB/T26572.

X：表示该有害物质至少在该部件的某一均质材料中的含量超出 GB/T 26572 规定的限量要求。
X：Indicates that the hazardous substance contained in at least one of the homogeneous materials

used for this part is above the limit requirement of GB/T26572.

XOO O O O

XOO O O O

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www.seagate.com Applicable standards and reference documentation

2.3.3 Taiwan Requirements — Taiwan RoHS

Taiwan RoHS refers to the Taiwan Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection’s (BSMI) requirements in standard CNS 15663,
Guidance to reduction of the restricted chemical substances in electrical and electronic equipment. Seagate products must comply
with the “Marking of presence” requirements in Section 5 of CNS 15663, effective January 1, 2018. This product is Taiwan RoHS
compliant.

The following table meets the Section 5 “Marking of presence” requirements.

Table 2 Taiwan - Restricted Substances

設備名稱：硬碟設備，型號 :

Equipment Name: Hard Disk Device, Type Designation:

限用物質及其化學符號

單元

Unit

鉛

(Pb)

Restricted Substance and its chemical symbol

汞

(Hg)

鎘

(Cd)

六價鉻

(Cr+6)

多溴聯苯

(PBB)

多溴二苯醚

(PBDE)

頂蓋

Top Cover

磁碟

Magnetic disk

電機底座組件

Motor Base Assembly

印刷電路板组装

PCB Assembly

備考 1. “O” 係指該项限用物質之百分比含量未超出百分比含量基準值。

Note 1. “O” indicates that the percentage content of the restricted substance does not exceed the percentage of reference value of presence.

備考 2. “—” 係指該项限用物質為排除項目。

Note 2. "—” indicates that the restricted substance corresponds to the exemption.

—OOOOO

—OOOOO

—OOOOO

—OOOOO

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www.seagate.com Applicable standards and reference documentation

2.4 Reference documents

SAS Interface Manual

SCSI Commands Reference Manual

Self-Encrypting Drives Reference Manual

ANSI SAS Documents

ANSI Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) Documents

Trusted Computing Group (TCG) Documents (apply to Self-Encrypting Drive models only)

Specification for Acoustic Test Requirement and Procedures

Seagate part number: 100293071

Seagate part number: 100293068

Seagate part number: 100515636

SFF-8323 3.5” Drive Form Factor with Serial Connector
SFF-8460 HSS Backplane Design Guidelines
SFF-8470 Multi Lane Copper Connector
SFF-8482 SAS Plug Connector
INCITS 538 SCSI Protocol Layer-4 (SPL-4) Rev. 08
INCITS 534 Serial Attached SCSI (SAS-4)
INCITS 506 SCSI Block Commands-4 (SBC-4) Rev. 10
INCITS 502 SCSI Primary Commands-5 (SPC-5) Rev. 10

INCITS 515 SCSI Architecture Model (SAM-5) Rev. 11

TCG Storage Architecture Core Specification, Rev. 1.0
TCG Storage Security Subsystem Class Enterprise Specification, Rev. 1.0

Seagate part number: 30553-001

HDD and SSD Regulatory Compliance and Safety

www.seagate.com/files/www-content/forms/compliance/regulatory-compliance-and-safety-100838899-A.pdf

In case of conflict between this document and any referenced document, this document takes precedence.

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 14

www.seagate.com General description

3.0 General description

Exos X16 drives provide high performance, high capacity data storage for a variety of systems including engineering workstations, network
servers, mainframes, and supercomputers. The Serial Attached SCSI interface is designed to meet next-generation computing demands for
performance, scalability, flexibility and high-density storage requirements.

Exos X16 drives are random access storage devices designed to support the Serial Attached SCSI Protocol as described in the ANSI specifications,
this document, and the SAS Interface Manual (part number 100293071) which describes the general interface characteristics of this drive. Exos X16
drives are classified as intelligent peripherals and provide level 2 conformance (highest level) with the ANSI SCSI-1 standard. The SAS connectors,
cables and electrical interface are compatible with Serial ATA (SATA), giving future users the choice of populating their systems with either SAS or
SATA hard disk drives. This allows users to continue to leverage existing investment in SCSI while gaining a 12Gb/s serial data transfer rate.

The Self-Encrypting Drive models indicated on the cover of this product manual have provisions for “Security of Data at Rest” based on the
standards defined by the Trusted Computing Group
(see www.trustedcomputin

The head and disk assembly (HDA) is sealed at the factory. Helium recirculates within the HDA through a non-replaceable filter to maintain a
contamination-free HDA environment.

Note

An automatic shipping lock prevents potential damage to the heads and discs that results from movement during shipping and handling. The
shipping lock disengages and the head load process begins when power is applied to the drive.

Exos X16 drives decode track 0 location data from the servo data embedded on each surface to eliminate mechanical transducer adjustments and
related reliability concerns.

The drives also use a high-performance actuator assembly with a low-inertia, balanced, patented, straight arm design that provides excellent
performance with minimal power dissipation.

Note

Never disassemble the HDA and do not attempt to service items in the sealed enclosure
(heads, media, actuator, etc.) as this requires special facilities. The drive does not contain user­replaceable parts. Opening the HDA for any reason voids the product warranty.

Seagate recommends validating the configuration with the selected HBA/RAID controller
manufacturer to ensure use of full capacity is supported.

ggroup.org).

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www.seagate.com General description

3.1 Standard features

Exos X16 drives have the following standard features:

• 128 - deep task set (queue)

• 256MB data buffer (See Section 4.4) .

• 3.0 / 6.0/12.0 Gb Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) interface

• Drive Self Test (DST)

• Embedded servo design

• Firmware downloadable using the SAS interface

• Flawed logical block reallocation at format time

• Idle Read After Write (IRAW)

• Industry standard SFF 3.5-in dimensions

• Integrated dual port SAS controller supporting the SCSI protocol

• Jumperless configuration.

• No preventive maintenance or adjustments required

• Perpendicular recording technology

• Power Balance supported (see Section 6.2 on page 30)

•Power Save

• Programmable auto write and read reallocation

• Programmable logical block reallocation scheme

• Reallocation of defects on command (Post Format)

•SAS Power Disable

• Self diagnostics performed when power is applied to the drive

• Support for SAS expanders and fanout adapters

• Supports up to 32 initiators

• T10 Fast Format supported (see Section 4.1.2)

• User-selectable logical block sizes for 4096 native models (4096, 4160 or 4224 bytes per logical block)

• User-selectable logical block sizes for 512E (512, 520 or 528 bytes per logical block).

• Vertical, horizontal, or top down mounting

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Self-Encrypting Drive models have the following additional features:

• 32 Independent data bands

• Authenticated firmware download

• Automatic data encryption/decryption

• Controlled access

• Cryptographic erase of user data for a drive that will be repurposed or scrapped

•Drive locking

• Random number generator

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 16

www.seagate.com General description

3.2 Performance

• 1200MB/s maximum instantaneous data transfers.

• 7200 RPM spindle. Average latency = 4.16ms

• Adaptive seek velocity; improved seek performance

• Background processing of queue

• Programmable multi-segmentable cache buffer

• Supports start and stop commands (spindle stops spinning)

.

Note

There is no significant performance difference between Self-Encrypting
Drive and standard (non-Self-Encrypting Drive) models.

3.3 Reliability

• 5-year warranty

• Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) of 0.35%

• Balanced low mass rotary voice coil actuator

• Incorporates industry-standard Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)

• Mean time between failures (MTBF) of 2,500,000 hours

3.4 Media description

The media used on the drive has a glass substrate coated with a thin film magnetic material, overcoated with a proprietary protective layer for
improved durability and environmental protection.

3.5 Formatted capacities

Standard OEM models are formatted to 512 bytes per block for 512 emulation drives and 4096 bytes per block for 4096 native drives. The block
size is selectable at format time. Supported block sizes are 512, 520 and 528 for 512 emulation drives and 4096, 4160 and 4224 for 4096 native
drives. Users having the necessary equipment may modify the data block size before issuing a format command and obtain different formatted
capacities than those listed.

To provide a stable target capacity environment and at the same time provide users with flexibility if they choose, Seagate recommends product
planning in one of two modes:

Seagate designs specify capacity points at certain block sizes that Seagate guarantees current and future products will meet. We recommend
customers use this capacity in their project planning, as it ensures a stable operating point with backward and forward compatibility from
generation to generation. The current guaranteed operating points for this product are shown below.

Sector
Size

16TB with PI bytes 16TB w/o PI bytes 14TB with PI bytes 14TB w/o PI bytes

Decimal Hex Decimal Hex Decimal Hex Decimal Hex

512 30,616,322,048 720E00000 31,251,759,104 746C00000 26,789,019,648 63CC00000 27,344,764,928 65DE00000

520 30,152,851,456 705400000 30,616,322,048 720E00000 26,382,172,160 624800000 26,789,019,648 63CC00000

528 29,701,963,776 6EA600000 30,152,851,456 705400000 25,987,907,584 60D000000 26,382,172,160 543E00000

4096 3,879,206,912 E7380000 3,906,469,888 E8D80000 3,394,240,512 CA500000 3,418,095,616 CBBC0000

4160 3,819,700,224 E3AC0000 3,827,040,256 E41C0000 3,342,073,856 C7340000 3,348,627,456 C7980000

4224 3,761,766,400 E0380000 3,769,106,432 E0A80000 3,291,480,064 C4300000 3,297,771,520 C4900000

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 17

www.seagate.com General description

Sector
Size

512 22,961,717,248 558A00000 23,437,770,752 575000000 19,134,414,848 474800000 19,532,873,728 48C400000

520 22,613,590,016 543E00000 22,961,717,248 558A00000 18,845,007,872 463400000 19,134,414,848 474800000

524 22,443,720,704 539C00000 22,785,556,480 54E200000 18,704,498,688 45AE00000 18,989,711,360 46BE00000

528 22,275,948,544 52FC00000 22,613,590,016 543E00000 18,563,989,504 452800000 18,845,007,872 463400000

4096 2,909,274,112 AD680000 2,929,721,344 AEA00000 2,424,569,856 90840000 2,441,609,216 91880000

4160 2,864,709,632 AAC00000 2,870,214,656 AB140000 2,387,345,408 8E4C0000 2,391,801,856 8E900000

4192 2,842,689,536 A9700000 2,848,194,560 A9C40000 2,368,995,328 8D340000 2,373,713,920 8D7C0000

4224 2,821,193,728 A8280000 2,826,698,752 A87C0000 2,351,169,536 8C240000 2,355,625,984 8C680000

Note

12TB with PI bytes 12TB w/o PI bytes 10TB with PI bytes 10TB w/o PI bytes

Decimal Hex Decimal Hex Decimal Hex Decimal Hex

LBA Counts for drive capacities greater than 8TB are calculated based upon
the SFF-8447 standard publication. ftp://ftp.seagate.com/sff/SFF-8447.PDF

3.6 Programmable drive capacity

Using the Mode Select command, the drive can change its capacity to something less than maximum. See the Mode Select (6) parameter list table
in the SAS Interface Manual, part number 100293071. A value of zero in the Number of Blocks field indicates that the drive will not change the
capacity it is currently formatted to have. A number other than zero and less than the maximum number of LBAs in the Number of Blocks field
changes the total drive capacity to the value in the Number of Blocks field. A value greater than the maximum number of LBAs is rounded down to
the maximum capacity.

3.7 Factory-installed options

Users may order the following items which are incorporated at the manufacturing facility during production or packaged before shipping. Some
of the options available are (not an exhaustive list of possible options):

• Other capacities can be ordered depending on sparing scheme and sector size requested.

• Single-unit shipping pack. The drive is normally shipped in bulk packaging to provide maximum protection against transit damage. Units
shipped individually require additional protection as provided by the single unit shipping pack. Users planning single unit distribution should
specify this option.

•The Safety and Regulatory Agency Specifications, part number 75789512, is usually included with each standard OEM drive shipped, but extra
copies may be ordered.

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 18

www.seagate.com Performance characteristics

4.0 Performance characteristics

This section provides detailed information concerning performance-related characteristics and features of Exos X16 drives.

4.1 Internal drive characteristics

Drive capacity 16TB 14TB 12TB 10TB (formatted, rounded off value)
Read/write data heads 18 16 16 16
Bytes/track 1,842,878 1,842,878 1,678,564 1,678,564 Bytes (average, rounded off values)
Bytes/surface 889,000 889,000 750,000 750,000 MB (unformatted, rounded off values)
Tracks/surface (total) 487,200 487,200 447,000 447,000 Tracks (user accessible)
Tracks/in 423,000 423,000 392,000 392,000 TPI (average)
Peak bits/in 2,362,000 2,362,000 2,173,000 2,173,000 BPI
Areal density 1028 1028 851 851 Gb/in
Internal data rate 2772 2772 2550 2550 Mb/s (max)
Disk rotation speed 7200 7200 7200 7200 RPM
Avg rotational latency 4.16 4.16 4.16 4.16 ms

4.1.1 Format command execution time

5xxE-byte sectors (minutes) 16TB models 14TB models 12TB models 10TB models

Maximum (with verify)

Maximum (without verify)

2740 2422 2116 1763

1372 1235 1084 905

2

Execution time measured from receipt of the last byte of the Command Descriptor Block (CDB) to the request for a Status Byte Transfer to the
Initiator (excluding connect/disconnect).

When changing sector sizes, the format times shown above may need to be increased by 30 minutes.

4.1.2 Fast Format

Drive sector size transition

• Single code to support sector sizes from 512E

• T10 fast format conversion between 512E configurations in the field.

• Possible only if sector sizes are exact multiples of 8 & vice versa

• The selected sector size will take effect only after fast format or full format

• Drive default is 512E from the factory.

• 512E features set after Fast Format

T10 Fast Format

• Implements the fast format based on T10 Spec.

• To request Fast Format, the FFMT bits (Byte 4, Bits 1:0) should be set to 01b.

• A setting of 10b or 11b will return a check condition with 05/24 sense code (pointing to FFMT MSB in CDB).

Mode Select - Parameter list header

• Set Write buffer: // Set Block Descriptor Length = 0x08, Number of LBAs = 0xFFFFFFFF

• 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 FF FF FF FF 00 00 02 00 // Set block size to 0512 (0x0200)

• Then Send Mode Select Command

• cdb: 55 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 // (SP bit = 1, Parameter list = 0x10)

Format Unit - Parameter list header

• Set Write buffer: // Set IMMED = 1

• 00 02 00 00

• Then Send Format Unit Command

• cdb: 04 14 00 00 01 00 // (FMTDAT = 1, DEFECT LIST FORMAT = 010b, FFMT = 01b)

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 19

www.seagate.com Performance characteristics

4.1.3 General performance characteristics

Minimum sector interleave 1 to 1

Maximum Internal data rate* 2.7 Gb/s

Sustained transfer rate (for 16TB and 14TB models) 103 to 249 MiB/s **

Sustained transfer rate (for 12TB and 10TB models) 103 to 234 MiB/s **

SAS Interface maximum instantaneous transfer rate 1200MB/s* per port

(dual port = 2400MB/s*)

Logical block sizes

512 (default), 520 or 528.
4096, 4160 or 4224.

Read/write consecutive sectors on a track Yes

Flaw reallocation performance impact (for flaws reallocated at format time using the spare
sectors per sparing zone reallocation scheme.)

Average rotational latency 4.16ms

*Assumes no errors and no relocated logical blocks. Rate measured from the start of the first logical block transfer to or from the host.

** MiB/s x 1.048 = MB/s

Negligible

4.2 Start/stop time

The drive accepts the commands listed in the SAS Interface Manual less than 3 seconds after DC power has been applied.

If the drive receives a NOTIFY (ENABLE SPINUP) primitive through either port and has not received a START STOP UNIT command with the START
bit equal to 0, the drive becomes ready for normal operations within 30 seconds (excluding the error recovery procedure).

If the drive receives a START STOP UNIT command with the START bit equal to 0 before receiving a NOTIFY (ENABLE SPINUP) primitive, the drive
waits for a START STOP UNIT command with the START bit equal to 1. After receiving a START STOP UNIT command with the START bit equal to 1,
the drive waits for a NOTIFY (ENABLE SPINUP) primitive. After receiving a NOTIFY (ENABLE SPINUP) primitive through either port, the drive
becomes ready for normal operations within 30 seconds (excluding the error recovery procedure).

If the drive receives a START STOP UNIT command with the START bit and IMMED bit equal to 1 and does not receive a NOTIFY (ENABLE SPINUP)
primitive within 5 seconds, the drive fails the START STOP UNIT command.

The START STOP UNIT command may be used to command the drive to stop the spindle. Stop time is 23 seconds (maximum) from removal of DC
power. SCSI stop time is 23 seconds. There is no power control switch on the drive.

Seagate Exos X16 SAS Product Manual, Rev. G 20