seagate ST136403FC Installation guide
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Cheetah 36FC Disc Drive
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ST136403FC/FCV
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Product Manual, Volume 1
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Cheetah 36FC Disc Drive
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ST136403FC/FCV
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Product Manual, Volume 1
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© 2000 Seagate Technology, LLC All rights reserved
June 2000
Publication number: 83329460, Rev. D
Seagate , Seagate Technology, and the Seagate logo are registered trademarks of Seagate T echnology, LLC. Cheetah, SeaFAX, SeaFONE, SeaBOARD, and SeaTDD are either trademarks or
registered trademarks of Seagate Technology, LLC or one of its subsidiaries. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission from
Seagate Technology, LLC.
Printed in the United States of America
Revision status summary sheet
Revision Date Writer/Engineer Sheets Affected
A (Class C Release) 06/25/99 L. Newman/D. Rusch DJD51097
B (Class A Release) 06/30/99 L. Newman/D. Rusch DJD51098
C 11/18/99 L. Newman/G. Velaski Page 46 (mode sense data)
D 06/21/00 L. Newman/G. Velaski Adds FCV model name.
Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D vii
Contents
1.0 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1 Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Reference documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.0 Gen eral descr ip tion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1 Standard features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2 Media description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.3 Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.4 Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.5 Unformatt ed and formatted capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.6 Programmable drive capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.7 Factory-installed accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.8 Factory-installed options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.9 User-installed accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.0 Performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1 Internal drive characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.2 Seek performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.2.1 Access time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.2.2 Format command execution time for ≥ 512-byte sectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.2.3 General performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.3 Start/stop time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.4 Prefetch/multi-segmented cache control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.5 Cache operat ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1
4.5.1 Caching write data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.5.2 Prefetch operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.0 Reliability specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.1 Error rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.1.1 Environmental interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.1.2 Interface errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.1.3 Write errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.1.4 Seek errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.2 Reliabili ty and service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.2.1 Mean time between failure (MTB F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.2.2 Field failure rate vs time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.2.3 Preve ntive maintenan ce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.2.4 Service life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.2.5 Service philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.2.6 Service tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.2.7 Hot plugging the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.2.8 S.M.A.R.T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
5.2.9 Product warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
6.0 Physical/electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.1 AC power requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.2 DC power requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.2.1 Conduct ed noise immu nity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.2.2 Power sequenc ing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.2.3 Current profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.3 Power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.4 Environmental limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2
6.4.1 Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.4.2 Relative humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.4.3 Effective altitude (sea level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
viii Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D
6.4.4 Shock and vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
6.4.5 Air cleanliness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
6.4.6 Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
6.4.7 Electromagnetic susceptibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
6.5 Mechanical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
7.0 Defect and error management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
7.1 Drive internal defects/errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
7.2 Drive error recovery procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
7.3 FC-AL system errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
8.0 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
8.1 Drive ID/option selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
8.2 LED connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
8.2.1 J6 connector requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
8.3 Drive orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
8.4 Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
8.4.1 Air flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
8.5 Drive mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
8.6 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
9.0 Interface req uirem en ts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
9.1 FC-AL features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
9.1.1 Fibre Channel link service frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
9.1.2 Fibre Channel task managem ent functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
9.1.3 Fibre Channel task managem ent respons es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
9.1.4 Fibre Channel port login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
9.1.5 Fibre Channel port login accept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
9.1.6 Fibre Channel Proc ess Login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
9.1.7 Fibre Channel Proc ess Login Accept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
9.1.8 Fibre Channel fabric login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
9.1.9 Fibre Channel fabric accept login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
9.1.10 Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
9.2 Dual port support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
9.3 SCSI commands support ed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
9.3.1 Inquiry data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
9.3.2 Mode Sense data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
9.4 Misce llaneous operating features and condit ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
9.5 FC-AL physical interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
9.5.1 Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
9.5.2 Connector requirem ent s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
9.5.3 Electrical description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
9.5.4 Pin descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
9.5.5 FC-AL transmitters and receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
9.5.6 Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
9.5.7 Fault LED Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
9.5.8 Active LED Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
9.5.9 Enable port bypass signal s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
9.5.10 Motor start controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
9.5.11 SEL_6 through SEL_0 ID lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
9.6 Signal characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
9.6.1 TTL input characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
9.6.2 LED driver signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
9.6.3 Differential PECL output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
9.6.4 Differential PECL input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
10.0 Seagate Technology support services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D ix
List of Figures
Figure 1. Cheetah 36FC family disc drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Figure 2. Cheetah 36FC disc drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 3. Typical Cheetah 36FC drive +12V current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 4. Typical Cheetah 36FC drive +5V current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 5. DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 6. Locations of PCBA components listed in Table 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 7. Recommended mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 8. Mounting configuration dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 9. Physical interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 10. LED indicator connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 11. Air flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Figure 12. Physical interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Figure 13. Port bypass circuit physical interconnect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Figure 14. FC-AL SCA device connector dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Figure 15. J6 connector dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Figure 16. FC-AL transmitters and receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Figure 17. Transmit eye diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Figure 18. Receive eye diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D 1
1.0 Scope
This manual describes Seagate® Cheetah 36FC (Fibre Channel) disc drives.
Cheetah 36FC dr ives suppor t the Fibre Chann el Arbitrated Loo p and S CSI Fib re Channel Protocol spec ifica-
tions to the extent described in this manual. The Fibre Chanel Interface Manual (part number 77767496)
describes the general Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop characteristics of this and other Seag ate Fibre Channel
drives.
Figure 1.
Cheetah 36FC
family disc drive
Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D 3
2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation
The drive has been developed as a system peripheral to the highest standards of design and construction. The
drive depends upon its hos t equipment to provide adequate power and environment in order to ach ieve optimum performance and compliance with applicable industry a nd governmental regulations. Special attention
must be given in the areas of safety, power distribution, shielding, audible noise control, and temperature regulation. In particular, the drive must be securely m ount ed in o rder to guarante e the s pecified pe rform ance c haracteristics. Mounting by bottom holes must meet the requirements of Section 8.5.
2.1 Standards
The Cheetah 36FC family complies with Seagate standards as noted in the appropriate sections of this manual
and the Seagate Fibre Channel Interface Manual, part number 77767496.
The Cheetah 36FC disc drive is a UL recognized component per UL1950, CSA certified to CAN/CSA C22.2
No. 950-95, and VDE certified to VDE 0805 and EN60950.
2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility
The drive, as delivered, is designed for system integration and installation into a suitable enclosure prior to use.
As such the drive is supplied as a subassembly and is not subject to Subpar t B of Part 15 of the FCC Rules
and Regulations nor the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.
The design characteristics of the drive serve to minimize radiation when installed in an enclosure that provides
reasonable shielding. As such, the drive is capable of meeting the Class B limits of the FCC Rules and Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications when properly packaged. However, it is the user’s
responsibility to assure that the drive meets the appropriate EMI requirements in their system. Shielded I/O
cables may be required if the enclosure does not provide adequate shielding. If the I/O cables are external to
the enclosure, shielded cables should be used, with the shields grounded to the enclosure and to the host controller.
2.1.1.1 Electromagnetic susceptibility
As a component assem bly, the drive is not required to me et any suscep tibility performance requi remen ts. It is
the responsibility of those integrating the dri ve within their system s to perform t hose t ests req uired and design
their system to ensure that equipment operating in the same system as the drive or external to the system
does not adversely affect the performance of the dr ive. See Section 5.1.1 on page 13 and Table 1, DC power
requirements, on page 19.
Electromagnetic compliance
Seagate uses an independ ent laboratory to confir m compliance with the directives/standards for CE Marking
and C-Tick Marking. The drive was tested in a representative system for typical applications. The selected system represents the most popular characteristics for test platforms. The system configurations include:
• 486, Pentium, and PowerPC microprocessors
• 3.5-inch floppy disc drive
• Keyboard
• Monitor/display
• Printer
• External modem
• Mouse
Although the test system with this Seagate model complies with the directives/standards, we cannot guarantee
that all systems will comply. The computer manufacturer or system integrator shall confirm EMC compliance
and provide the appropriate marking for their product.
Electromagnetic compliance for the European Union
If this model has the CE Marking it complies with the European Union requirements of the Electrom agnetic
Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC of 03 May 1989 as am ended by Directive 92/31/EEC of 28 April 1992 a nd
Directive 93/68/EEC of 22 July 1993.
4 Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D
Australian C-Ti ck
If this model has the C-Tick Marking it complies with the Australia/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS3548 1995
and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of Australia’s Spectrum Management Agency (SMA).
2.2 Reference documents
Cheetah 36FC Installation Guide
Seagate part number: 83329470
Fibre Channel Interface Manual
Seagate part number: 77767496
ANSI Fibre Channel Documents
X3.230-1994 FC Physical and Signaling Interface (FC-PH)
X3.297.1997 FC-PH-2 Fibre Channel Physical and Signaling Interface-2
X3.303.1998 FC-PH-3 Fibre Channel Physical and Signaling Interface-3
X3.272-1996 FC Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL)
X3.269-1996 Fibre Channel Protocol for SCSI (FCP)
NCITIS TR-19 P rivate Loop SCSI Direct Attach
NCITIS TR-20 Fabric Loop Attachment (FC-FLA)
SFF-8045 Specification for 40-pin SCA-2 Connector with Parallel Selection.
SFF-8067 Specification for 40-pin SCA-2 Connector with Bidirectional Enclosure Services
Interface.
ANSI Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) Documents
X3.131-1994 (SCSI-2)
X3.270-199X6 (SCSI-3) Architecture Model
NCITS 305-199X (SCSI-3) Enclosure Services
30553-001 Specification for Acoustic T est Requirements and Procedures
In case of conflict between this document and any referenced document, this document takes precedence.
Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D 5
3.0 General description
CheetahTM 36FC drives combine dual stripe magneto resistive (DSMR) heads, partial response/maximum likelihood (PRML) read channel electronics, embedded servo technology, and a Fibre Channel interface to provide
high performance, high capacity dat a storage for a variety of systems including engineering workst ations, network servers, mainframes, and supercomputers.
TM
Cheetah
Loop (FC-AL) and SCSI Fi bre Channel Protocol as de scribed in the ANS I specifications, this document , and
the Fibre Channel Interface Manual (par t number 77767496) which descr ibes the general interface character-
istics of this drive. ST136403FC/FCV drives are classified as intellige nt peripherals and provide level 2 conformance (highest level) with the ANSI SCSI-1 standard.
The head and disc assembly (HDA) is environmentally sealed at the factory. Air recirculates within the HDA
through a non-replaceable filter to maintain a contamination-free HDA environment.
See Figure 2 for an exploded view of the drive. Never disassemble the HDA. This exploded view is for information only. Do not attempt to service items in the sealed enclosure (heads, media, actuator, etc.) as this requires
special facilities. The drive contains no parts replaceable by the user and opening the HDA for any reason
voids your warranty.
36FC drives are random acces s storage devices d esigned to support the Fibre C hannel A rbitrated
Figure 2. Cheetah 36FC disc drive
Cheetah 36FC
drives use a dedicated landing zone at the innermost radius of the media to eliminate the possibility of destroying or degrading data by landing in the data zone. The heads automatically go to the landing
zone when power is removed from the drive.
An automatic shipping lock prevents potential damage to the heads and discs that results from movement during shipping and handling. The shipping lock disengages and the head load process begins when power is
applied to the drive.
TM
Cheetah
36FC dr ives decode t rack 0 l ocation data from the s er vo da ta em bedded on each surface to elimi-
nate mechanical transducer adjustments and related reliability concerns.
The drives also use a high-performance actuator assembly with a low-inertia, balanced, patented, straight arm
design that provides excellent performance with minimum power dissipation.
6 Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D
3.1 Standard features
Cheetah 36FC
drives have the following standard features:
• Integrated dual port FC-AL controller
• Concurrent dual port transfers
• Support for FC arbitrated loop, private and public loop attachment
• Differential copper FC drivers and receivers
• Downloadable firmware using the FC-AL interface
• Supports SCSI enclosure services through the interface connector
• 128-deep task set (queue)
• Supports up to 32 initiators
• Drive selection ID and configuration options are set on the FC-AL backpanel or through interface com-
mands. Jumpers are not used on the drive.
• Fibre Channel worldwide name uniquely identifies the drive and each port
• User-selectable logical block size (512 to 4,096 bytes per logical block)
• Selectable frame sizes from 128 to 2,112 bytes
• Industry standard 3.5-inch half-high form factor dimensions
• Programmable logical block reallocation scheme
• Flawed logical block reallocation at format time
• Programmable auto write and read reallocation
• Reed-Solomon error correction code
• Sealed head and disc assembly (HDA)
• No preventive maintenance or adjustments required
• Dedicated head landing zone
• Automatic shipping lock
• Embedded Grey Code track address to eliminate seek errors
• Self-diagnostics performed at power on
• 1:1 interleave
• Zone bit recording (ZBR)
• Vertical, horizontal, or top down mounting
• Dynamic spindle brake
• 1,024 Kbyte data buffer (4,096 Kbytes on the FCV model). See Section 4.5.
• Embedded servo design
• Reallocation of defects on command (Post Format)
• Fibre Channel interface transports SCSI protocol
3.2 Media description
The media used on the drive has a diameter of approximately 84 mm (approximately 3.3 inches). The aluminum substrate is coated with a thin film ma gnetic material, overcoated with a proprietary p rotective layer for
improved durability and environmental protection.
3.3 Performance
• Programmable multi-segmentable cache buffer
• 106 Mbytes/sec maximum instantaneous data transfers per port.
• 10,016 RPM spindle; average latency = 2.99 msec
• Command queuing of up to 128 commands
• Background processing of queue
• Supports start and stop commands
• Adaptive seek velocity; improved seek performance
Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D 7
3.4 Reliability
• 1,000,000 hour MTBF
• LSI circuitry
• Balanced low mass rotary voice coil actuator
• Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technol ogy (S.M.A.R.T. )
• Dithering
3.5 Unformatted a n d formatted capacities
Formatted capacity depends on th e spare reallocation sectors sche me selected, the numb er of dta tracks per
sparing zone, and the number of alternate sectors (LBAs) per sparing zone. The following table shows the
standard OEM model capacity:
Formatted Unformatted
ST136403FC/FCV 43D6720h (36.4) Gbytes 43.2 Gbytes
Standard OEM models are formatted to 512 bytes per block. You can order other capacities by requesting a different sparing scheme and logical block size.
The sector size is selectable at format time. Users having the necessary equipm ent may modify the data block
size before issuing a format command and obtain different formatted capacities than those listed.
ST136403FC/FCV drives use a zone sparing scheme. The drive is divided into frequency zones with a variable
number of spares in each zone.
3.6 Programmable drive capacity
Using the Mode Select command, the drive can change its capacity to something less than maximum. See the
Mode Select (6) parameter list table in the Fibre Channel Int erface Manual, part number 77767496. A value of
zero in the Number of Blocks field indicates t hat the drive will not c hange the capacit y it is currently for matted
to have. A number other than zero and less than the maximum number of LBAs in the Number of Blocks field
changes the total drive capacity to the value in the Num ber of Cl ocks field. A value great er than the maximum
number of LBAs is rounded down to the maximum capacity.
3.7 Factory-installed accessories
OEM standard drives are shipped with the Cheetah 36FC Installation Guide (part number 83329470).
3.8 Factory-installed options
You may order the following items which are incorporated at the manufacturing facility during production or
packaged before shipping. Some of the options available are (not an exhaustive list of possible options):
• Other capacities can be ordered depending on sparing scheme and secto r size requested.
• Single-unit shipping pack. The drive is nor mally shipped i n bulk packaging to provide max imum protection
against transit damage. Units shipped individually require additional protection as provided by the single unit
shipping pack. Users planning single unit distribution should specify this option.
• The Cheetah 36FC Installation Guide, part number 83329470, is usually included with each sta ndard OEM
drive shipped, but extra copies may be ordered.
3.9 User-installed accessories
The following accessories are available. All kits may be installed in the field.
• Evaluation kit, part number 73473641.
This kit provides an adapter card (“T-card”) to allow cable connections for two FC ports and DC power. Tw o
twin axial cables, 6 feet in length, are included for the input and output connections to the FC interface.
• Single-unit shipping pack.
Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D 9
4.0 Performance characteristics
This section provides detailed information concerning performance-related characteristics and features of
Cheetah 36FC drives.
4.1 Internal drive characteristics
ST136403FC/FCV
Drive capaci ty 36.4 ................ ..........Gbytes (formatted, rounded off value)
Read/write data heads 24
Bytes per track 153,284 - 229,045....Bytes (average, rounded off values)
Bytes per surf ace 1,913 ................ ........Mbytes (unformatted, ro unded off value)
Tracks per surface 9,801 ........................Tracks (user accessible)
Tra ck s pe r in ch 12,580 ...... .. ... ...........TP I
Internal data rate 179-313....................Mbits/sec (variab le with zone)
Disc rotation speed 10,016 ......................rpm (+
Avg ro tat ional latency 2.99 ........... .......... .....msec
4.2 Seek performance characteristics
See Section 9.5, "F C-AL physical interface" on page 48 and the Fi bre Channel Interface Manual (part number
77767496) for additional timing details.
4.2.1 Access time
Including cont roller overhead
(msec)
0.5% )
1, 2
Not including cont rolle r overhead
(msec)
3, 4
Read Write Read Write
Average Typical
Single track Typical
Full stroke Typical
1. Execution time measured from receipt of the command to the FCP Response.
2. Assumes no errors and no sector has been relocated.
3. Execution time measured from receipt of the command to the FCP Response.
4. Assumes no errors and no sector has been relocated.
5. Typical access times are measured under nominal conditions of temperature, voltage, and horizontal orientation as
measured on a representative sample of drives.
6. Access time = controller overhead + average seek time.
Access to data = contr oller overhead + average seek time + latency time.
5,6
3,4
3,4
6.15 6.85 5.95 6.65
0.8 1.1 0.6 0.9
14.2 15.2 14.0 15.0
4.2.2 Format command execution time for ≥ 512-byte sectors
ST136403FC/FCV
Maximum (with verify) 120 minutes
Maximum (without verify) 60 minutes
10 Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D
4.2.3 General performance characteristics
ST136403FC/FCV
Minimum sector interleave 1 to 1
Data buffer to/from disc media (one 512-byte logical block)*
Minimum 21.1 MBytes/sec
Average 29.0 MBytes/sec
Maximum 36.8 MBytes/sec
Fibre Channel Interface maximum instantaneous transfer rate 106 Mbytes/sec*per port
(dual port = 212 Mbytes/sec*)
Logical block size s
Default is 512-byte data blocks
Variable 512 to 4,096 bytes per sector in even number of bytes per sector.
If n (number of bytes per sect or) is odd, then n-1 will be used .
Read/write consecu ti ve sectors on a track
Flaw reallocation performance impact (for flaws reallocated at format time
using the spare sect ors per sparing zone real location scheme.)
Av erage rotational latency
*Assumes no errors and no relocated logical blocks . Rate measured from the start of the first logi cal block transfer to or
from the host.
Yes
Negligible
2.99 msec
4.3 S tar t/stop ti me
If the Motor Start option is disabled, the drive becomes ready within 30 seconds after DC power is applied. If a
recoverabl e error condition is detected during the start sequence, the drive executes a recovery procedure and
the time to become ready may exceed 30 seconds. Stop ti me is less than 30 seconds (maximum) from removal
of DC power.
If the Motor Start option is enabled, the intern al controller accepts the comm ands listed in the Fibre Channel
Interface Manual less than 3 seconds after DC power has been applied. After the Motor Star t command has
been received, the drive becomes ready for normal operations within 30 seconds (excluding the error recovery
procedure). The Motor Start command can also be used to comman d the drive to stop the spindle.
There is no power control switch on the drive.
4.4 Prefetch/multi-segmented cache control
The drive provides a prefetch (read look-ahead) and multi-segmented cache control algor ithms that in many
cases can enhance system performance. Cache refers to the dr ive buffer storage space when it is used in
cache operations. To s elect this feature, the host sends the Mode Selec t command with the proper values in
the applicable bytes in page 08h. Prefetch and cache operations are independent features from the standpoint
that each is enabled and disabled independently using the Mode Select command; however, in actual operation, the prefetch feature overlaps cache operation somewhat as described in sections 4.5.1 and 4.5.2.
All default cache and prefetch mode parameter values (Mode Page 08h) for standard OEM versions of this
drive family are given in Table 16.
Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D 11
4.5 Cache operation Note.
Refer to th e Fibre Channel Interface Manual for more detail concerning the cache bits.
Of the 1,024 Kbytes (4, 096 Kbytes in the FCV m odel) physical buffer space in the drive, 840 Kbytes (3,600
Kbytes in the FCV model) can be used as a cache. The buffer can be divided into logical segm ents (using
Mode Select Page 08h, byte 13) from which data is read and to which data is written.
The drive keeps track of the logical block addresses of the data stored in each s egment of the buffer. If the
cache is enabled (see RCD bit in the Fibre Channel I nterface Manual), data requested by the host with a read
command is ret rieved from the buffer, if possible, before any disc access is in itiated. If cache o peration is not
enabled, the buffer (still segmented with the required number of segments) is still used, but only as circular
buffer segments during disc medium read operations (disregarding Prefetch operation fo r t he moment). That is,
the drive does not check in the buffer segments for the requested read data, but goes directly to the medium to
retrieve it. The retrieved data merely passes thro ugh som e buffer segment on the way to the host. On a cac he
miss, all data transfers to the host are in accordance with buffer-full ratio rules. On a cache hit, the drive ignores
the buffer-full ratio rules. See the explanation provided with the information about Mode Page 02h (disconnect/
reconnect control) in the Fibre Channel Interface Manual.
The following is a simplified description of the prefetch/cache operation:
Case A
—read command is received and the first logical block is already in the cache:
1. Drive transfers to the initiator the first logical block requested plus all subsequent contiguous logical blocks
that are already in the cache. This data may be in multiple segments.
2. When a requested logical block is reached that is not in any cache segment, the drive fetches it and any
remaining requested logical block addresses from the disc and puts them in a segm ent of the cache. The
drive transfers the remaining requested logical blocks from the cache to the host in accordance with the
Mode Select Disconnect/Reconnect parameters, page 02h.
3. If the prefetch feature is enabled, refer to section 4.5.2 for operation from this point.
Case B
—A Read command requests data, and the first logical block is not in any segment of the cache:
1. The drive fetches the requested logical blocks from the disc a nd transfers them into a segment, and then
from there to the host in accordance with the Mode Select Disconnect/Reconnect parameters, page 02h.
2. If the prefetch feature is enabled, refer to section 4.5.2 for operation from this point.
During a prefetch, the drive crosses a cy linder boundary to fetch data only if the Di s continuity (DISC) bit is set
to 1 in bit 4 of byte 2 of the Mode Select parameters page 08h. Default is zero for bit 4.
Each cache segment is actually a self-contained circular buffer whose length is an integer number of logical
blocks. The wrap-around capability of the individual segments greatly enhances the cache’s overall performance, allowing a wide range of user-selectable configurations. The drive supports operation of any integer
number of segments from 1 to 16. Divide the number of Kbytes in the buffer by the number of segments to get
the segment size. Default is 3 segments.
Note.
The size of each segment is not reported by Mode Sense c ommand page 08h, bytes 14 and 15. T he
value 0XFFFF is always reported regardl ess of the ac tual size of the se gme nt. Sendi ng a s ize spec ification using the Mode Select command (bytes 14 and 15) does not set up a new segment size. If the
STRICT bit in Mode page 00h (byte 2, bit 1) is set to one, the drive responds as it does for any attempt
to change an unchangeable parameter.
4.5.1 Caching write data
Write caching is a write operation by the drive that makes use of a drive buffer storage area where the data to
be written to the medium is stored while the drive performs the Write command.
If read caching is enabled (RCD=0), then data written to the medium is retained in the cache to be made available for future read cache hi ts. The sam e buffer space and segmentation is us ed as set up for read f unct ions.
The buffer segmentation scheme is set up or changed independently, having nothing to do with the state of
RCD. When a write command is issued, if RCD=0, the cache is first checked to see if any logical blocks that
are to be written are already stored in the cache from a previous read or write command. If there are, the
respective cache segments are cleared. The new data is cached for subsequent Read commands.
12 Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D
If the number of write data logical blocks exceed the size of the segment being written into, when the end of the
segment is reached, the data is written into the beginning of the same cache segment, overwriting the data that
was written there at the beginning of the operation; however, the drive does not overwrite data that has not yet
been written to the medium.
If write caching is enabled (WCE=1), then the drive may return Good status on a write command after the data
has been transferred into the cache, but before the data has b een written to the medium. I f an error occurs
while writing the data to the medium, and Good status has already been returned, a deferred error will be generated.
The Synchronize Cache command may be used to force the drive to write all cached write data to the medium.
Upon completion of a Synchronize Cache command, all data received from previous write commands will have
been written to the medium.
Table 16 shows the mode default settings for the drive.
4.5.2 Prefetch operation
If the Prefetch feature is enabled, data in con tig uous l ogical blocks on the disc immediately beyond that wh ich
was requested by a Read command are retrieved and stored in the buffer for immediate transf e r f rom the buf fer
to the host on subs eque nt Read commands that reques t t hose logical blocks (this is true even if cache operation is disabled). Though the prefetch operation uses the buffer as a cache, finding the requested data in the
buffer is a prefetch hit, not a cache operation hit.
To enable Prefetch, use Mode Select page 08h, byte 12, bit 5 (Disable Read Ahead - DRA bit). DRA bit = 0
enables prefetch.
Since data that is prefetched replaces data already in some buffer segments, the host can limit the amount of
prefetch data to optimize system performance. The Max P refetch field (bytes 8 and 9) limits the amount of
prefetch. The drive does not use the Prefetch Ceiling field (bytes 10 and 11).
During a prefetch operation, the drive crosses a cylinder boundary to fetch more data only if Mode parameters
page 08h, byte 2, bit 4 is set to 1 (Discontinuity—DISC bit).
When prefetch (read look-ahead) is enabled (enabled by DRA = 0), it operates under the control of ARLA
(Adaptive Read Look-Ahead). If the host uses software interleave, ARLA enables prefetch of contiguous blocks
from the disc when it se nses that a prefetch hit will likely oc cur, even if two consecutive read operations were
not for phy sically contiguous blocks of data (e.g. “software interleave”). ARLA disables prefetch when it decides
that a prefetch hit will not likely occur. If the host is not using software interleave, and if two sequential read
operations are not for contiguous blocks of data, ARLA disables prefetch, but as long as sequential read operations request contiguous blocks of data, ARLA keeps prefetch enabled.
Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D 13
5.0 Reliability specifications
The following reliability specifications assume correct host and drive operational interface, including all interface timings, power supply voltages, and environmental requirements.
Seek error rate:
Recoverable media error rate
Less than 10 errors in 10
Less than 10 errors in 10
(using OEM default settings):
Unrecovered media data:
Miscorrected media data:
Interface error rate:
Less than 1 sector in 10
Less than 1 sector in 10
Less than 1 error in 10
Less than 1 error in 10
See Section 9.6.4, "Differential PECL input." on page 56
MTBF: 1,000,000 hours
Service life: 5 years
Preventive maintenance: None required
5.1 Error rates
The erro r rat es stated i n this manual assume the fol lowing:
• The drive is operated in accordance with this manual using DC power as defined i n paragraph 6.2, "DC
power requirements."
• The drive has been formatted with the FC-AL Format command.
• Errors caused by media defects or host system failures are excluded from error rate computations.
• Assume random data.
8
seeks
12
bits transferred
15
bits transferred
21
bits transferred
12
bits transferred with minimum receive eye.
14
bits transferred with typical receive eye.
5.1.1 Environmental interference
When evaluating systems operation under condit ions of electromagnetic interference (EMI), the performance
of the drive within the system is c onsid ered acceptable if the drive does not generate an unrecoverable condition.
An unrecoverable error, or condition, is defined as one that:
• is not detected and corrected by the drive itself
• is not detected from the error or fault status provided through the drive or FC-AL interface
• is not recovered by normal drive or system recovery procedures without operator intervention
5.1.2 Interface errors
An interface error is defined as a failure of the receiver on a port to recover the data as transmitted by the
device port connected to the receiver. The error may be detected as a running disparity error, illegal code, loss
of word sync, or CRC error. The total error rate for a loop of devices is the sum of the individual device error
rates.
5.1.3 Write erro rs
Write errors can occur a s a result of media defects, environmental interference, or equipment m alfunction.
Therefore, write errors are not predictable as a function of the number of bits passed.
If an unrecoverable write error occurs because of an equipment malfunction in the drive, the error is classified
as a failure affecting MTBF. Unrecoverable write errors are those t hat c ann ot be correc ted within two attempts
at writing the record with a read verify after each attempt (excluding media defects).
14 Cheetah 36FC Product Manual, Rev. D
5.1.4 Seek errors
A seek error is defined as a failure of the drive to position the heads to the addressed track. If the error recovery fails, a seek positioning error (15h) is reported with a Medium (03h) or Hardware Error (04h) reported in the
sense key. This is an unrec overable seek error. Unrecoverable seek errors are classified as failures for MTBF
calculations. Refer to the Fibre Channel Interface Manual, part number 77767496, for Request Sense information.
5.2 Reliability and service
You can enhance the reliability of Cheetah 36FC disc drives by ensuring that the drive receives adequate cooling. Section 6.0 provides recommended ai r-flow information, temperature meas urements, and other i nformation, which you can use to enhance the service life of the drive.
5.2.1 Mean time between failure (MTBF)
The production disc drive achieves an MTBF of 1,000,000 hours when operated in an environment that
ensures the case temperatures spe cified in Section 6.4.1 a re not exceeded. Shor t-term excursions up to t he
specification limits of the operating environment will not affect MTBF performanc e. Operating the dr ive at case
temperatures above these values will adversely affect the drive’s ability to meet specifications. See Section 6.4,
"Environmental limits".
The MTBF target is specified as device power-on hours (POH) for all drives in service per failure.
The following expression defines MTBF:
MTBF per measurement period = Estimated power-on operating hours in the period
Number of drive failures in the period
Estimated power-on operating hours means power-on hours per disc drive times the total number of disc drives
in service. Each disc drive must have accumulated at least nine months of operation. Data is calculated on a
rolling average base for a minimum period of six months.
MTBF is based on the following assumptions:
• 8,760 power-on hours per year
• 250 average on/off cycles per year
• Operating at nominal voltages
• System provides adequate cooling to ensure the case temperatures specified in Section 6.4.1 are not
exceeded.
Drive failure means any stoppage or failure to meet defined specifications caused by drive malfunction.
A S.M.A.R.T. predictive failure indicates that the drive is deteriorating to an imminent failure and is considered
an MTBF hit.
5.2.2 Field failure rate vs time
The expected field failure rate is listed below . Drive utilization will vary. An estimate range of utilization is:
• 720 power-on hours (POH) per month
• 250 on/off cycles per year
• System provides adequate cooling to ensure the case temperatures specified in Section 6.4.1 are not
exceeded.
Month Parts per million (PPM)
1 2,364
2 1,422
3 1,403
4 1,391
5 1,317
6 1,255
7 1,162
8+ 1,025
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