Seagate CHEETAH 15K.5 SCSI User Manual

Product Manual

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI

ST3300655LW ST3300655LC ST3146855LW ST3146855LC ST373455LW ST373455LC

100384776 Rev . F August 2007

Publication number: 100384776, Rev. F

November 2007

Seagate, Seagate Technology and the Wave logo are registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC in the United States and/or other countries. Cheetah, SeaTools and SeaTDD are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC or one of its affiliated companies in the United States and/ or other countries. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

One gigabyte, or GB, equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity may vary depending on operating environment and formatting. Quantitative usage examples for various applications are for illustrative purposes. Actual quantities will vary based on various factors, including file size, file format, features and application software. Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings or specifications.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

Contents

1.0 Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1 Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1.2 Electromagnetic susceptibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.2 Electromagnetic compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.3 European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.4 Reference documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.0 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.1 Standard features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.2 Media characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.3 Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.4 Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.5 Formatted capacities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.5.1 Programmable drive capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.6 Factory installed accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.7 Options (factory installed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.8 Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4.0 Performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.1 Internal drive characteristics (transparent to user) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.2 SCSI performance characteristics (visible to user) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.2.1 Seek time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4.2.2 Format command execution time (minutes) [1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4.2.3 Generalized performance characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4.3 Start/stop time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4.4 Prefetch/multi-segmented cache control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4.5 Cache operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4.5.1 Caching write data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

4.5.2 Prefetch operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

5.0 Reliability specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

5.1 Error rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

5.1.1 Recoverable Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

5.1.2 Unrecoverable Error. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

5.1.3 Seek errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

5.2 Reliability and service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

5.2.1 Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) and Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) . . . 16

5.2.2 Preventive maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

5.2.3 Hot plugging Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI disc drives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5.2.4 S.M.A.R.T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5.2.5 Thermal monitor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

5.2.6 Drive Self Test (DST). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

5.2.7 Product warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

6.0 Physical/electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

6.1 AC power requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

6.2 DC power requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

6.2.1 Conducted noise immunity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.2.2 Power sequencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.2.3 Current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.3 Power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

6.4 Environmental limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

6.4.1 Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

6.4.2 Relative humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

6.4.3 Effective altitude (sea level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

6.4.4 Shock and vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

6.4.5 Air cleanliness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

6.4.6 Corrosive environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

6.4.7 Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

6.4.8 Electromagnetic susceptibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

6.5 Mechanical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

7.0 Defect and error management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

7.1 Drive internal defects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

7.2 Drive error recovery procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

7.3 SCSI systems errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

7.4 Background Media Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

7.5 Media Pre-Scan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

7.6 Deferred Auto-Reallocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

7.7 Idle Read After Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

8.0 Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

8.1 Drive ID/option select header. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

8.1.1 Notes for Figures 10 and 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

8.1.2 Function description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

8.2 Drive orientation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

8.3 Cooling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

8.4 Drive mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

8.5 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

9.0 Interface requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

9.1 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

9.2 SCSI interface messages supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

9.3 SCSI interface commands supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

9.3.1 Inquiry Vital Product data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

9.3.2 Mode Sense data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

9.4 SCSI bus conditions and miscellaneous features supported. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

9.5 Synchronous data transfer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

9.5.1 Synchronous data transfer periods supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

9.5.2 REQ/ACK offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

9.6 Physical interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

9.6.1 DC cable and connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

9.6.2 SCSI interface physical description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

9.6.3 SCSI interface cable requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

9.6.4 Mating connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

9.7 Electrical description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

9.7.1 Multimode—SE and LVD alternatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

9.8 Terminator requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

9.9 Terminator power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

9.10 Disc drive SCSI timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

9.11 Drive activity LED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

10.0 Seagate Technology support services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

iii

List of Figures

Figure 1. Typical ST3300655LW drive +5 V LVD current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Figure 2. ST3300655LC DC current and power vs. IOPS (LVD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Figure 3. ST3146855LC DC current and power vs. IOPS (LVD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Figure 4. ST373455LC DC current and power vs. IOPS (LVD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Figure 5. Locations of the HDA temperature check point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Figure 6. Recommended mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Figure 7. LW mounting configuration dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Figure 8. LC mounting configuration dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Figure 9. J5 jumper header (on LW models only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Figure 10. J6 option select header (on LW models only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Figure 11. Air flow (suggested). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Figure 12. LW model drive physical interface (68-pin J1 SCSI I/O connector). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Figure 13. LC model drive physical interface (80-pin J1 SCSI I/O connector) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Figure 14. SCSI daisy-chain interface cabling for LW drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Figure 15. Nonshielded 68-pin SCSI device connector used on LW drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Figure 16. Nonshielded 80-pin SCSI SCA-2 connector used on LC drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Figure 17. Typical SE-LVD alternative transmitter receiver circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

1.0 Scope

This manual describes Seagate® Technology LLC, Cheetah® 15K.5 SCSI disc drives. Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI drives support the small computer system interface (SCSI) as described in the ANSI

SCSI SPI-4 interface specifications to the extent described in this manual. The SCSI Interface Manual (part number 100293069) describes general SCSI interface characteristics of this and other families of Seagate drives.

From this point on in this product manual the reference to Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI models is referred to as “the drive” unless references to individual models are necessary.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation

The drive has been d evelope d as a system p eriphe ral to the hig hest st and ards of desig n and constru c tion. The drive depends upon its host equipment to provide adequate power and environment in order to achieve optimum performance and compliance with applicable industry and governmental regulations. Special attention must be given in the areas of safety, power distribution, shielding, audi ble noise con trol , an d tempe ratu re reg ulation. In particular, the drive must be securely mounted in order to guarantee the specified performance characteristics. Mounting by bottom holes must meet the requirements of Section 8.4.

2.1 Standards

The Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI family complies with Seagate standards as noted in the appropriate sections of this Manual, the Seagate Parallel SCSI Interface Manual, part number 100293069, and the SCSI Commands Ref- erence Manual, part number 100293068.

The Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI disc drive is a UL recognized component per UL1950, CSA certified to CSA C22.2 No. 950-95, and VDE or TUV certified to EN60950.

2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility

The drive, as delivered, is designed for system integration and installation into a suitable enclosure prior to use. As such the drive is supplied as a subassembly and is not subject to Subpart B of Part 15 of the FCC Rules and Regulations nor the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

The design characteristics of the drive serve to minimize radiation when installed in an enclosure that provides reasonable shield ing. As such, t he dr ive is cap able of me eting th e C lass B l imit s of the FC C Rules a nd R eg ulations of the Canadian Department of Communications when properly packaged. However, it is the user’s responsibility to assure that the drive meets the appropriate EMI requirements in their system. Shielded I/O cables may be required if the enclosure does not provide adequate shielding. If the I/O cables are external to the enclosure, shielded cabl es sh ould be u sed, wi th the shields gr ounde d to the enclosur e and to the host co ntroller.

2.1.2 Electromagn etic susc ept ibili ty

As a component assembly, the drive is not required to meet any susceptibility performance requirements. It is the responsibility of those integrating the drive within their systems to perform those tests required and design their system to ensure that equipment operating in the same system as the drive or external to the system does not adversely affect the performance of the drive. See Table 3, DC power requirements.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

2.2 Electroma gnetic compliance

Seagate uses an independent laboratory to confirm compliance to the directives/standard(s) for CE Marking and C-Tick Marking. T he dr ive was tested in a r epres ent ative system for typical applications. The select ed sys tem represents the most popular characteristics for test platforms. The system configurations include:

• Typical current use microprocessor

• 3.5-inch floppy disc drive

• Keyboard

• Monitor/display

• Printer

• External modem

• Mouse Although the test system with this Seagate model complies to the directives/standard(s), we cannot guarantee

that all systems will comply. The computer manufacturer or system integrator shall confirm EMC compliance and provide CE Marking and C-Tick Marking for their product.

Electromagnetic compliance for the European Union

If this model has the CE Marking it complies with the European Union requirements of the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC of 03 May 1989 as amended by Directive 92/31/EEC of 28 April 1992 and Directive 93/68/EEC of 22 July 1993.

Australian C-Tick

If this model has the C-Tick Marking it complies with the Australia/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS3548 1995 and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of Australia’s Spectrum Management Agency (SMA).

Korean MIC

If this model has the Korean Min ist ry of Infor mat ion and Com munication (MIC) logo, it complie s with par agr aph 1 of Article 11 of the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Control Regulation and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility Framework requirements of the Radio Research Laboratory (RRL) Ministry of Information and Communication Republic of Korea.

This drive has been tested and complies with the Electromagnetic Interference/Electromagnetic Susceptibility (EMI/EMS) for Class B products.

Taiwanese BSMI

If this model has the Chin ese N ation al Standard (CNS) 13438 marking, it co mplies w ith Chi n ese Nationa l Standard (CNS) 13438 and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of the Taiwanese Bureau of Standards, Metrology, and Inspection (BSMI).

2.3 European Uni on Restric tion of Hazardous Substances (RoHS)

The European U nion Restr icti on of Hazard ous S ubst ance s (RoHS ) Dire cti ve re strict s the p resen ce of ch emic al substances, including Lead (Pb), in electronic products effective July 2006.

A number of parts and materials in Seagate products are procured from external suppliers. We rely on the representations of our suppliers regarding the presence of RoHS substances in these parts and materials. Our supplier contracts require compliance with our chemical substance restrictions, and our suppliers document their compliance wi th our re quire ment s by providing material conte nt declar ations for al l par ts an d mater ial s for the disc drives documented in this publication. Current supplier declarations include disclosure of the inclusion of any RoHS-regulated substance in such parts or materials.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

Seagate also has internal system s in place to en sure ongoing complian ce with the RoHS Directive and all laws and regulations which restrict chemical conte nt in electron ic produ cts. T hese system s include sta ndar d oper ating procedures that ensure that restricted substances are not utilized in our manufacturing operations, laboratory analytical validation testing, and an internal auditing process to ensure that all standard operating procedures are complied with.

2.4 Reference documents

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Installation Guide Seagate P/N 100384777 Safety and Regulatory Agency Specifications Seagate P/N 75789512 SCSI Commands Reference Manual Seagate P/N 100293068 Parallel SCSI Interface Product Manual Seagate P/N 100293069

Applicable ANSI small computer system interface (SCSI) document numbers:

T10/1143D Enhanced SCSI Parallel Interface (EPI) T10/1416D Primary Commands-3 (SPC-3) T10/1417D SCSI Block Commands (SBC-2) T10/1157D SCSI Architectural Model-2 (SAM-2)

T10/1365D SPI-4 (SCSI Parallel Interface version 4) SFF-8451 Specification for SCA-2 Unshielded Connections Package Test Specification Seagate P/N 30190-001 (under 100 lb.) Package Test Specification Seagate P/N 30191-001 (over 100 lb.) Specification, Acoustic Test Requirements, and Procedures Seagate P/N 30553-001 In case of conflict between this document and any referenced document, this document takes precedence.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

3.0 General description

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI drives combine Tunneling Magnetoresistive (TMR) heads and a wide Ultra320 SCSI interface to provide high performance, high capacity data storage for a variety of systems including engineering workstations, network servers, mainframes, and supercomputers.

Ultra320 SCSI uses negotiated tra nsfer rates. T hese transfer rates will occur only if your host adap ter sup port s these data tran sfer r ates and is co mp atible with the requ ired h ardwa re r equir emen ts of the I/O circu it type. This drive also operates at SCSI-1 and SCSI-2 data transfer rates for backward compatibility with non-Ultra/Ultra2/ Ultra160/Ultra320 SCSI host adapters.

Table 1 lists the features that differentiate the Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI models.

Table 1: Drive model number vs. differentiating features

Model number

ST3300655LW ST3146855LW ST373455LW

ST3300655LC ST3146855LC ST373455LC

Number of active heads I/O circuit type [1]

8 4

Single-ended (SE) and low voltage differential (LVD)

2 8

Single-ended (SE) and low voltage differential (LVD)

Number of I/ O connector pins

[1] See Section 9.6 for details and definitions. The drive records and recovers data on approximately 70 mm non-removable discs. The drive supports the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) as described in the ANSI SCSI interface

specifications to the extent described in this manual (volume 1), which defines the product performance characteristics of the Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI family of drives, the Parallel SCSI Interface Manual, part number 100293069, and the SCSI Commands Reference Manual, part number 100293068, which describe the general interface characteristics of this and other families of Seagate SCSI drives.

The drive’s interface supports multiple initiators, disconnect/reconnect, self-configuring host software, and logical block addressing.

The head and disc assembly (HDA) is sealed at the factory. Air circulates within the HDA through a nonreplaceable filter to maintain a contamination-free HDA environment.

Never disassemble the HDA and do not attempt to service items in the sealed enclosure (heads, media, actuator, etc.) as this requires special facilities. The drive contains no replaceable parts. Opening the HDA voids your warranty.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI dri ves use a dedicate d la nding zone at the innermo st radi us of the media to elimin ate the possibility of destroying or degrading data by landing in the data zone. The drive automatically goes to the landing zone when power is removed.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

An automatic shipping lock prevents potential damage to the heads and discs that results from movement during shipping and handling. The shipping lock automatically disengages when power is applied to the drive and the head load process begins.

A high-performance actuator assembly with a low-inertia, balanced, patented, straight-arm design provides excellent performance with minimal power dissipation.

3.1 Standard featu re s

The Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI family has the following standard features:

• Perpendicular recording technology.

• Integrated Ultra320 SCSI interface.

• Multimode SCSI drivers and receivers—single-ended (SE) and low voltage differential (LVD)

• 16 bit I/O data bus

• Asynchronous and synchronous data transfer protocol

• Firmware downloadable via SCSI interface

• Selectable even byte sector sizes from 512 to 528 bytes/sector

• Programmable sector reallocation scheme

• Flawed sector reallocation at format time

• Programmable auto write and read reallocation

• Reallocation of defects on command (post format)

• ECC burst correction length of up to 400.

• Sealed head and disc assembly

• No preventative maintenance or adjustment required

• Dedicated head landing zone

• Embedded servo design

• Self diagnostics performed when power is applied to the drive

• Zoned bit recording (ZBR)

• Vertical, horizontal, or top down mounting

• Dynamic spindle b rake

• 16,384 kbytes data buffer

• Hot plug compatibility (Section 9.6.4.2 lists proper host connector needed) for LC model drives

• Drive Self Test (DST)

• Supports SCSI bus fairness

3.2 Media char ac teristics

The media used on the drive has an aluminum substrate coated with a thin film magnetic material, overcoated with a proprietary protective layer for improved durability and environmental protection.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

3.3 Performance

• Supports industry standard Ultra320 SCSI interface

• Programmable multi-segmentable cache buffer (see Section 4.5)

• 15k RPM spindle. Average latency = 2.0 msec

• Command queuing of up to 64 commands

• Background processing of queue

• Supports start and stop commands (spindle stops spinning)

3.4 Reliability

• Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) of 0.62%

• Increased LSI circuitry integration

• Incorporates industry-standard Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)

• 5-year warranty

3.5 Formatted ca pacities

St an dard OEM mo del s ar e formatte d to 512 bytes per block. The sector size is sel ect ab le at fo rma t time. Users having the necessary equipment may modify the data block size before issuing a format command and obtain different formatted capacities than those listed.

To provide a stable target capacity environment and at the same time provide users with flexibility if they choose, Seagate recommends product planning in one of two modes:

1. Seagate desi g ns specify cap acity po i nt s at cert ain sect or si zes tha t Seagate gu ara ntees cur ren t and futu re

products will meet. We recommend customers use this capacity in their project planning, as it ensures a

stable operating point with backward and forward compatibility from generation to generation. The current

guaranteed operating points for this product are:

Sector Size

512 585,937,500 22ECB25C 286,749,488 11177330 143,374,744 88BB998 514 574,712,644 22416B44 282,050,768 10CFC0D0 141,025,384 867E068 520 573,653,847 22314357 280,790,184 10BC84A8 140,395,092 85E4254 522 570,053,000 21FA5188 279,041,740 10A1D6CC 139,463,602 8500BB2 524 566,007,800 21BC97F8 275,154,368 106685C0 137,577,184 83342E0 528 557,874,778 21407E5A 272,662,935 10408197h 136,331,467 82040CBh

ST3300655LW ST3300655LC

Decimal Hex Decimal Hex Decimal Hex

ST3146855LW ST3146855LW

ST373455LW ST373455LC

2. Seag ate drives also may be used at the maximum available capacity at a given sector size, but the excess

capacity above the gu aran teed leve l w ill va ry betwe en 10K an d 15K fam ilie s and fr om g ener ation to gener -

ation, depending on how each sector size actually formats out for zone frequencies and splits over servo

bursts. This added capacity potential may range from 0.1 to 1.3 percent above the guaranteed capacities

listed above. Using the drives in this manner gives the absolute maximum capacity potential, but the user

must determine if the extra capacity potential is useful, or whether their assurance of backward and for-

ward compatibility takes precedence.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

3.5.1 Programmable drive capacity

Using the Mode Select command, the drive can change its capacity to something less than maximum. See the Mode Select Parameter List table in the SCSI Interface Manual. Refer to the Parameter list block descriptor number of blocks field. A value of zero in the number of blocks field indicates that the d rive sh all no t cha nge the capacity it is currently formatted to have. A number in the number of blocks field that is less than the maximum number of LBAs changes the total drive capacity to the value in the block descriptor number of blocks field. A value greater than the maximum number of LBAs is rounded down to the maximum capacity.

3.6 Factory instal led accessories

OEM St andard drives are shipped with the Cheetah 15K .5 Inst allati o n Guide , p art num ber 100 38477 7, and the Safety and Regulatory A gency Speci ficati o ns, p art num ber 757895 12 (un l ess other wise specifi ed) . The fa ctory

also ships with the drive a small bag of jumper plugs used for the J5 and J6 option select jumper headers (on LW models only).

3.7 Options (factory installed)

All customer requested options are incorporated during production or packaged at the manufacturing facility before shipping. Some of the options available are (not an exhaustive list of possible options):

• Other capacities can be ordered depending on sparing scheme and sector size requested.

• Single unit shipping pack. The drive is normally shipped in bulk packaging to provide maximum protection against transit damage. U nit s shipped individually require add itional pro tection as pr ovided by th e singl e unit shipping pack. Users planning single unit distribution should specify this option.

• The Cheetah 15K.5 Installation Guide, part number 100384777, usually ships with each standard OEM drive. Extra copies may be ordered.

• The Safety and Regulatory Agency Specifications, part number 75789512, usually ships with each standard OEM drive. Extra copies may be ordered.

3.8 Accessories

The following accessories are available. All accessories may be installed in the field.

• Single unit shipping pack.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

4.0 Performance characteristics

4.1 Internal drive characteristics (transparent to user)

ST3300655LW ST3300655LC

ST3146855LW ST3146855LC

ST373455LW ST373455LC

Driv e capacity 300.0 146.8 73.4 GBytes (formatted)*,** Read/write heads 8 4 2 Tracks/surface (tot al) 74,340 74,340 74,340 Tracks (user accessible) Tracks/inch 125,000 125,000 125,000 TPI Peak bits/inch 890k 890k 890k BPI Areal Density 110 110 110 Gbits/inch

Internal data rate 960 to 1607 960 to 1607 960 to 1607 Mbits/sec (variable with zone) Disc rotational speed 15k 15k 15k rpm Average rotational latency 2.0 2.0 2.0 msec

* One Gbyte equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity may vary depending on operating environ ment

and formatting.

** Rounded off value.

4.2 SCSI performance characteristics (visible to user)

The values given in Sectio n 4.2.1 appl y to all mode l s of the Ch eet ah 15 K.5 SCSI fam i ly unless otherwise specified. Refer to the Parallel SCSI Interface Manual for additional timing details.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

4.2.1 Seek time

Not including controller overhead (msec) Read Write

1,2

Average Typical 3.5 4.0 Single Track Typical 0.2 0.4 Full Stroke Typical 6.8 7.5

1. Typical access times are measured under nom inal conditions of temperature, volt-

age, and horizontal orientation as measured on a representative sample of drives.

2. Access to data = access time + latency time.

4.2.2 Format command execution time (minutes) [1]

ST3300655LW ST3300655LC

ST3146855LW

ST3146855LC

ST373455LW

ST373455LC

Maximum (with verify) 120 90 60 Maximum (no verify) 60 45 30

4.2.3 Generalized performance characteristics

Sustainable disc transfer rate:

Minimum [3] 73 Mbytes/sec Maximum [3] 125 Mbytes/sec

SCSI interface data transfer rate (asynchronous):

Maximum instantaneous one byte wide 5.0 MBytes/sec [3] Maximum instantaneous two bytes wide 10.0 MBytes/sec [3]

Synchronous transfer rate

In low voltage differential (LVD) interface mode 5.0 to 320 MBytes/sec

Sector Sizes: Default 512 byte user data blocks Variable 512 to 528 bytes per sector in even number of bytes per sector.

If n (number of bytes per sector) is odd, then n-1 will be used.

Read/write consecutive sectors on a track Yes Flaw reallocation performance impact (for flaws reallocated at format time using

Negligible

the spare sectors per sparing zone reallocation scheme) Average rotational latency 2.00 msec

Notes for Section 4.2. [1] Execution time measured from receipt of the last byte of the Command Descriptor Block (CDB) to the

request for a Status Byte Transfer to the Initiator (excluding connect/disconnect). [2] Assumes no errors and no sector has been relocated. [3] Assumes system ability to support the rates listed and no cable loss.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

4.3 Start/stop time

After DC power at nominal voltage has been applied, the drive becomes ready within 20 seconds if the Motor Start Option is disabled (i.e., the motor starts as soon as the power has been applied). If a recoverable error condition is detected during the start sequence, the drive executes a recovery procedure which may cause the time to become ready to exceed 20 seconds. During spin up to ready time the drive responds to some commands over the SCSI interface in less than 3 seconds after application of power. Stop time is 30 seconds from removal of DC power.

If the Motor Start Option is enabled, the internal controller accepts the commands listed in the SCSI Interface Product Manual less than 3 seconds after DC power has been applied. After the Motor Start Command has been received the drive becomes ready for normal operations within 20 seconds typically (excluding an error recovery procedure). The Motor Start Command can also be used to command the drive to stop the spindle (see the SCSI Commands Reference Manual).

There is no power control switch on the drive.

4.4 Prefetch /m ulti-segmen te d cache contro l

The drive provides prefetch (read look-ahead) and multi-segmented cache control algorithms that in many cases can enhance syste m pe rfor mance . “Ca che” as used herein refer s to th e dr ive bu f fer st orag e space when it is used in cache oper ations. To select prefetch and ca che features the host sends the Mode Select comm and with the proper values in the applicable bytes in Mode Page 08h (see the SCSI Interface Product Manual). Prefetch and cache operation are independent features from the standpoint that each is enabled and disabled independently via the Mode Select command. However, in actual operation the prefetch feature overlaps cache operation somewhat as is noted in Section 4.5.1 and Section 4.5.2.

All default cache and prefetch Mode parameter values (Mode Page 08h) for standard OEM versions of this drive family are given in Table 10.

4.5 Cache operation

Note. Refer to the SCSI Interface Manual for more detail concerning the cache bits.

Of the 16 Mbytes physical buffer sp ace i n the drive, approxim atel y 13,0 00 kbytes can be used as a cache. The buffer is divided into logical segments from which data is read and to which data is written.

The drive keeps track of the logical block addresses of the data stored in each segment of the buffer. If the cache is enabled (see RCD bit in the SCSI Interface Manual ), data requested by the host with a read com- mand is retrieved from the buffer, if possible, before any disc access is initiated. If cache operation is not enabled, the buffer is still used, but only as circular buffer segments during disc medium read operations (disregarding Prefetch operation for the moment). That is, the drive does not check in the buffer segments for the requested read data, but goes directly to the medium to retrieve it. The retrieved data merely passes through some buffer segment on the way to the host. All data transfers to the host are in accordance with buffer-full ratio rules. See the explanation provided with the information about Mode Page 02h (disconnect/reconnect control) in the SCSI Interface Manual.

The following is a simplified description of the prefetch/cache operation: Case A—read command is received and all of the requested logical blocks are already in the cache:

1. Drive transfers the requested logical blocks to the initiator. Case B—A Read command requests data, and at least one requested logical block is not in any segment of

the cache:

1. The drive fetches the requested logical blocks from the disc and transfers them into a segment, and then from there to the host in accordance with the Mode Select Disconnect/Reconnect parameters, page 02h.

2. If the prefetch feature is enabled, refer to section 4.5.2 for operation from this point.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

Each cache segment is actually a self-contained circular buffer whose length is an integer number of logical blocks. The drive dynamically creates and removes segments based on the workload. The wrap-around capability of the individual segments greatly enhances the cache’s overall performance.

Note. The size of each segment is not reported by Mode Sense command page 08h, bytes 14 and 15.

The value 0XFFFF is always reported regardless of the actual size of the segment. Sending a size specification using the Mode Select command (bytes 14 and 15) does not set up a new segment size. If the STRICT bit in Mode page 00h (byte 2, bit 1) is set to one, the drive responds as it does for any attempt to change an unchangeable parameter.

4.5.1 Caching write data

Write caching is a write operation by the drive that makes use of a drive buffer storage area where the data to be written to the medium is stored while the drive performs the Write command.

If read caching is enabled (RCD=0), then data written to the medium is retained in the cache to be made available for future read cache hits. The same buffer space and segmentation is used as set up for read functions. The buffer segmentation scheme is set up or changed independently, having nothing to do with the state of RCD. When a write command is issued, if RCD=0, the cache is first checked to see if any logical blocks that are to be written are already stored in the cache from a previous read or write command. If there are, the respective cache segments are cleared. The new data is cached for subsequent Read commands.

If the number of write dat a logical blo cks excee d the size o f the segm ent b eing wr itten into, wh en th e en d of the segment is reached, the data is written i nto the b eginning of the same cache segment, overwriting the dat a that was written there at the beginning of the operation; however, the drive does not overwrite data that has not yet been written to the medium.

If write caching is enabled (WCE=1), then the drive may return Good status on a write command after the data has been transferred into the cache, but before the data has been written to the medium. If an error occurs while writing the data to the medium, and Good status has already been returned, a deferred error will be generated.

The Synchronize Ca che command may be used to force the drive to write all cached wri te dat a to the med ium. Upon completion of a Synchronize Cache command, all data received from previous write commands will have been written to the medium.

Tables 10, 11 and 12 show the mode default settings for the drive.

4.5.2 Prefetch operation

If the Prefetch feature is enabled, data in contiguous logical blocks on the disc immediately beyond that which was requested by a Read command are retrieved and stored in the buffer for immediate transfer from the buffer to the host on subsequent Read commands that request those logical blocks (this is true even if cache operation is disabled). Though the prefetch operation uses the buffer as a cache, finding the requested data in the buffer is a prefetch hit, not a cache operation hit.

To enable Prefetch, use Mode Select page 08h, byte 12, bit 5 (Disable Read Ahead - DRA bit). DRA bit = 0 enables prefetch.

The drive does not use the Max Prefetch field (bytes 8 and 9) or the Prefetch Ceiling field (bytes 10 and 11). When prefetch (read look-ahead) is enabled (enabled by DRA = 0), the drive enables prefetch of contiguous

blocks from the disc when it senses that a prefetch hit will likely occur. The drive disables prefetch when it decides that a prefetch hit is not likely to occur.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

5.0 Reliability specifications

The following reliability specifications assume correct host/drive operational interface, including all interface timings, power supply voltages, environmental requirements and drive mounting constraints (see Section 8.4).

Seek Errors Read Error Rates [1]

Recovered Data Unrecovered Data Miscorrected Data Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) 0.62%

Preventive Maintenance None required

Note.

[1] Error rate specified with automatic retries and data correction with ECC enabled and all flaws reallocated.

5.1 Error rates

The error rates stated in this specification assume the following:

• The drive is operated per this specification using DC power as defined in this manual (see Section 6.2).

• Errors caused by host system failures are excluded from error rate computations.

• Assume random data.

• Default OEM error recovery settings are applied. This includes AWRE, ARRE, full read retries, full write

retries and full retry time.

Less than 10 in 108 seeks

Less than 10 errors in 1012 bits transferred (OEM default settings) Less than 1 sector in 1016 bits transferred (OEM default settings) Less than 1 sector in 1021 bits transferred

5.1.1 Recoverable Errors

Recoverable errors are those detected and corrected by the drive, and do not require user intervention. Recoverable Data errors will use correction, although ECC o n-the-fly is not considered fo r purposes o f recov-

ered error specifications. Recovered Data error rate is determined using read bits transferred for recoverable errors occurring during a

read, and using write bits transferred for recoverable errors occurring during a write.

5.1.2 Unrecoverable Error

Unrecoverable Data Errors (Sense Key = 03h) are specified at less than 1 sector in error per 1016 bits transferred. Unrecoverable Data Errors resulting from the same cause are treated as 1 error for that block.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

5.1.3 Seek errors

A seek error is defined as a failure of the drive to position the heads to the addressed track. After detecting an initial seek error, the drive automaticall y perf orms an error recovery process. If the error recover y process fails, a seek positioning error (Error code = 15h or 02h) will be reported with a Hardware error (04h) in the Sense Key. Recoverable seek errors are specified at Less than 10 errors in 108 seeks. Unrecoverable seek errors (Sense Key = 04h) are classified as drive failures.

5.2 Reliability and service

You can enhance the reliability of Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI disc drives by ensuring that the drive receives adequate cooling. Section 6.0 provides temperature measurements and other information that may be used to enhance the service life of the drive. Section 8.3 provides recommended air-flow information.

5.2.1 Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) and Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)

These drives shal l ach ieve an A FR of 0.62 % ( MTBF of 1,400,000 hours) w he n op erate d in an en vi ronm ent that ensures the HDA case temperatures do not exceed the values specified in Section 6.4.1.

Operation at case temperatures outside the specifications in Section 6.4.1 may increase the AFR (decrease the MTBF). AFR and MTBF statistics are population statistics that are not relevant to individual units.

AFR and MTBF specifications are based on the following assumptions for Enterprise Storage System environments:

• 8,760 power-on hours per year

• 250 average on/off cycles per year

• Operating at nominal voltages

• System provides adequate cooling to ensure the case temperatures specified in Section 6.4.1 are not exceeded.

5.2.2 Preventive mainte nan ce

No routine scheduled preventive maintenance shall be required.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

5.2.3 Hot plugging Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI disc drives

The ANSI SPI-4 document defines the physical requirements for removal and insertion of SCSI devices on the SCSI bus. Four cases are addressed. The cases are differentiated by the state of the SCSI bus when the removal or insertion occurs.

Case 1 - All bus devices powered off during removal or insertion Case 2 - RST signal asserted continuously during removal or insertion Case 3 - Current I/O processes not allowed during insertion or removal Case 4 - Current I/O process allowed during insertion or removal, except on the device being changed Seagate Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI disc drives support all four hot plugging cases. Provision shall be made by the

system such that a device being inserted makes power and ground connections prior to the connection of any device signal contact to the bus. A device being removed shall maintain power and ground connections after the disconnection of an y device si gnal co nt act fr om t he bu s (see S FF- 8451 Specification fo r S CA- 2 Unsh iel ded Connections).

It is the responsibility of the systems integrator to assure that no hazards from temperature, energy, voltage, or ESD potential are presented during the hot connect/disconnect operation.

All I/O processes for the SCSI device being inserted or removed shall be quiescent. All SCSI devices on the bus shall have receivers that conform to the SPI-4 standard.

If the device being h ot plug ged use s single-e nded (S E) dri ver s and th e bus is cu rrently operating in lo w volt age differential (LVD) mode, then all I/O processes for all devices on the bus must be completed, and the bus quiesced, before attempting to hot plug. Following the insertion of the newly installed device, the SCSI host adapter must issue a Bus Reset, followed by a synchronous transfer negotiation. Failure to perform the SCSI Bus Reset could result in erroneous bus operations.

The SCSI bus termination and termination power source shall be external to the device being inserted or removed.

End users should not mix devices with high voltage differential (HVD) drivers and receivers and devices with SE, LVD, or multimode drivers and receivers on the same SCSI bus since the common mode voltages in the HVD environment may not be controlled to safe levels for SE and LVD devices (see ANSI SPI-4).

The disc drive spindle must come to a complete stop prior to completely removing the drive from the cabinet chassis. Use of the Stop Spindle command or partial withdrawal of the drive, enough to be disconnected from the power source, prior to re moval ar e meth ods for insu ri ng tha t this requi rement is met. During drive inser tion, care should be t aken to avo id excee ding th e l imit s st ate d in S ection 6.4. 4, "S hock and vibration" in this manual.

5.2.4 S.M.A.R.T.

S.M.A.R.T. is an acronym for Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology. This technology is intended to recognize conditions that indicat e drive degr adati o n and is designed to pro v ide suf fic ient warn ing of a fai lure to allow data back-up before an actual failure occurs.

Note. The firmware will monitor specific attributes for degradation over time but cannot predict instanta-

neous drive failures.

Each attribute monitors a specific set of conditions in the operating performance of the drive, and the thresholds are optimized to minimize “false” predictions.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

Controlling S.M.A.R.T.

The operating mode of S.M.A.R.T. is controlled by the DEXCPT bit and the PERF bit of the “Informational Exceptions Control Mode Page” (1Ch). The DEXCPT bit is used to enable or disable the S.M.A.R.T. process. Setting the DEXCPT bit will disable all S.M.A.R.T. functions. When enabled, S.M.A.R.T. will collect on-line data as the drive performs normal read/write operations. When the PERF bit is set, the drive is considered to be in “On-line Mode Only” and will not perform off-line functions.

The process of me asurin g of f- lin e attri butes and sa ving da ta can b e for ced b y the Re zero Uni t com mand. For c ing S.M.A.R.T. will reset the timer so that the next scheduled interrupt will be two hours.

The drive can be interroga ted by the host to dete rmine the time remaining befor e the next sche duled m easur e ment and data logging process will occur. This is accomplished by a log sense command to log page 0x3E. The purpose is to allow the customer to control when S.M.A.R.T. interruptions occur. As described above, forcing S.M.A.R.T by the Rezero Unit command will reset the timer.

Performance impact

S.M.A.R.T. attribute data will be saved to the disc for the purpose of re creating the events that ca used a pr edictive failure. The drive will measure and save parameters once every two hours subject to an idle period on the SCSI bus. The process of measuring off-line attribute data and saving data to the disc is uninterruptable and the maximum delay is summarized below::

Maximum processing delay

S.M.A.R.T. delay times

On-line only delay DEXCPT = 0, PERF = 1

42 milliseconds

Fully-enabled delay DEXCP T = 0, PE R F = 0

163 milliseconds

Reporting control

Reporting is controlled in the Informational Exceptions Control Page (1Ch). Subject to the reporting method, the firmware will issue a 01-5D00 sense code to the host. The error code is preserved through bus resets and power cycles.

Determining rate

S.M.A.R.T. monitors the rate at which errors occur and signals a predictive failure if the rate of degraded error rate increases to an unacceptable level. To determine rate, error events are logged and compared to the number of total operations for a given attribute. The interval defines the number of operations over which to measure the rate. The counter that keeps track of the current number of operations is referred to as the Interval Counter.

S.M.A.R.T. measures error rate, hence for each attribute the occurrence of an error is recorded. A counter keeps track of the number of errors for the current interval. This counter is referred to as the Failure Counter.

Error rate is simply the number of errors per operation. The algorithm that S.M.A.R.T. uses to record rates of error is to set thresholds for the number of errors and the interval. If the number of errors exceeds the thre shold before the interval expires, then the error rate is considered to be unacceptable. If the number of errors does not exceed the threshold before the interval expires, then the error rate is considered to be acceptable. In either case, the interval and failure counters are reset and the process starts over.

Predictive failures

S.M.A.R.T. signals predictive failures when the drive is performing unacceptably for a period of time. The firmware keeps a running count of the number of times the error rate for each attribute is unacceptable. To accomplish this, a counter is incremented whenever the error rate is unacceptable and decremented (not to exceed

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

zero) whenever the error rate is acceptable. This counter is referred to as the Failure History Counter. There is a separate Failure History Counter for each attribute. Should the counter continually be incremented such that it reaches the predictive threshold, a predictive failure is signaled.

5.2.5 Thermal monitor

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI drives implement a temperature warning system which:

1. Signals the host if the temperature exceeds a value which would threaten the drive.

2. Signals the host if the temperature exceeds a user-specified value.

3. Saves a S.M.A.R.T. data frame on the drive which exceed the threatening temperature value. A temperature sensor monitors the drive temperature and issues a warning over the interface when the tem-

perature exceeds a set threshold. The temperature is measured at power-up and then at ten-minute intervals after power-up.

The thermal monitor system generates a warning code of 01-0B01 when the temperature exceeds the specified limit in compliance with the SCSI standard. The drive temperature is reported in the FRU code field of mode sense dat a. You can use this infor matio n to deter mine if the warning i s due to t he tem per atur e excee ding the drive threatening temperature or the user-specified temperature.

This feature is controlled by the En able W a rni ng (EWasc) bit, and the reporting mechanism is controlled by the Method of Reporting Informational Exceptions field (MRIE) on the Informational Exceptions Control (IEC) mode page (1Ch).

The current algorithm implements two temperature trip points. The first trip point is set at 68°C which is the maximum temperature limit according to the drive specification. The second trip point is user-selectable using the Log Select command. The re feren ce tempe ratur e p aram eter in the tempera ture log page (see Table 2) can be used to set this trip point. The default value for this drive is 68°C, however, you can set it to any value in the range of 0 to 68°C. If you specify a temperature greater than 68°C in this field, the temperature is rounded down to 68°C. A sense code is sent to the host to indicate the rounding of the parameter field.

Table 2: Temperature Log page (0Dh)

Parameter Code Description

0000h 0001h

Primary Temperature Reference Temperature

When the first tem perature trip point is exceeded , S. M.A .R.T. data is collected and a fram e is save d to th e disc.

5.2.6 Drive Self Test (DST)

Drive Self Test (DST) is a technology designed to recognize drive fault conditions that qualify the drive as a failed unit. DST validates the functionality of the drive at a system level.

There are two test coverage options implemented in DST:

1. Extended test

2. Short text The most thorough option is the extended test that performs various tests on the drive and scans every logical

block address (LBA) of the drive. The short test is time-restricted and limited in length—it does not scan the entire media surface, but does some fundamental tests and scans portions of the media.

If DST encounters an error during either of these tests, it reports a fault condition. If the drive fails the test, remove it from service and return it to Seagate for service.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

5.2.6.1 DST Failure Definition

The drive will present a “diagnostic failed” condition through the self-tests results value of the diagnostic log page if a functional failure is encountered during DST. The channel and servo parameters are not modified to test the drive more stringently, and the number of retries are not reduced. All retries and recovery processes are enabled during the test. If data is recoverable, no fa ilure condition will be reported regardless of the number of retries required to recover the data.

The following conditions are considered DST failure conditions:

• Seek error after retries are exhausted

• Track-follow error after retries are exhausted

• Read error after retries are exhausted

• Write error after retries are exhausted

Recovered errors will not be reported as diagnostic failures.

5.2.6.2 Implementation

This section provides all of the information necessary to implement the DST function on this drive.

5.2.6.2.1 State of the drive prior to testing

The drive must be in a ready state before issuing the Send Diagnostic command. There are multiple reasons why a drive may not be ready, some of which are valid conditio ns, and not erro rs. For example, a drive may be in process of doing a form at, or anothe r D ST. It is the responsibility o f the ho st applic atio n to det erm ine the “ not ready” cause.

While not technically part of DST, a Not Ready condition also qualifies the drive to be returned to Seagate as a failed drive.

A Drive Not Ready condition is reported by the drive under the following conditions:

• Motor will not spin

• Motor will not lock to speed

• Servo will not lock on track

• Drive cannot read configuration tables from the disc

In these conditions, the drive responds to a Test Unit Ready command with an 02/04/00 or 02/04/03 code.

5.2.6.2.2 Invoking DST

To invoke DST, submit the Send Diagnostic command with the appropriate Function Code (001b for the short test or 010b fo r t he e xtende d test) in bytes 1, bit s 5, 6, and 7. Refer to th e S CSI Com mand s Refe rence Ma nual, part number 100293068, for additional information about invoking DST.

5.2.6.2.3 Short and extended tests

DST has two testing options:

1. short

2. extended

These testing options are described in the following two subsections. Each test consists of three segments: an electrical test segment, a servo test segment, and a read/verify scan

segment.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

Short test (Function Code: 001b)

The purpose of the short test is to provide a time-limited test that tests as much of the drive as possible within 120 seconds. The short test does not scan the entire media surface, but does some fundamental tests and scans portions of the media. A complete rea d/ver ify scan is not per formed and onl y factua l failu res will report a fault condition. This option provides a quick confidence test of the drive.

Extended test (Function Code: 010b)

The objective of the extended test option is to empirically test critical drive components. For example, the seek tests and on-track operations test the positioning mechanism. The read operation tests the read head element and the media surface. The write element is tested through read/write/read operations. The integrity of the media is checked through a read/verify scan of the media. Motor functionality is tested by default as a part of these tests.

The anticipated length of the Extended test is reported through the Control Mode page.

5.2.6.2.4 Log page entries

When the drive begins DST, it creates a new entry in the Self-test Results Log page. The new entry is created by inserting a new self-te st parameter block a t the beginning of t he se lf-test results log p a ram eter section of the log page. Existing data will be moved to make room for the new parameter block. The drive reports 20 parameter blocks in the log p ag e. If th ere are more than 20 p ar amet er blocks, the least r ecent p a rame ter block will be deleted. The new parameter block will be initialized as follows:

1. The Function Code field is set to the same value as sent in the DST command

2. The Self-Test Results Value field is set to Fh

3. The drive will store the log page to non-volatile memory After a self-test is complete or has been aborted, the drive updates the Self-Test Results Value field in its Self-

Test Results Log page in non-volatile memory. The host may use Log Sense to read the results from up to the last 20 self-tests performed by the drive. The self-test results value is a 4-bit field that reports the results of the test. If the field is zero, the drive passed with no errors detected by the DST. If the field is not zero, the test failed for the reason reported in the field.

The drive will report the failure condition and LBA (if applicable) in the Self-test Results Log parameter. The Sense key, ASC, ASCQ, and FRU are used to report the failure condition.

5.2.6.2.5 Abort

There are several ways to abort a diagnostic. You can use a SCSI Bus Reset or a Bus Device Reset message to abort the diagnostic.

You can abort a DST executing in background mode by using the abort code in the DST Function Code field. This will cause a 01 (self-test aborted by the application client) code to appear in the self-test results values log. All other abort mechanisms will be reported as a 02 (self-test routine was interrupted by a reset condition).

5.2.7 Product warranty

Beginning on the date of shipment to custome r and continuing for a period of five years, Seagate warr ant s that each product (includ ing compo nent s and sub assemb l ies) or sp ar e pa rt that fails to fun cti on pro perly un der normal use due to defect in materials on workmanship or due to nonconformance to the applicable specifications will be repaired or replaced, at Seagate’s option and at no charge to customer, if returned by customer at customer’s expense to Seagate’s designated facility in accordance with Seagate’s warranty procedure. Seagate will pay for transporting the repair or replacement item to customer. For more detailed warranty information refer to the Standard terms and conditions of Purchase for Seagate products.

Cheetah 15K.5 SCSI Product Manual, Rev. F

Shipping

When transporting or shipping a drive, a Seagate approved container must be used. Keep your original box. They are easily identified by the Seagate-approved package label. Shipping a drive in a non-approved container voids the drive warranty.

Seagate repair centers may refuse receipt of components improperly packaged or obviously damaged in transit. Contact your Authorized Seagate Distributor to purchase additional boxes. Seagate recommends shipping by an air-ride carrier experienced in handling computer equipment.

Product repair and return information

Seagate customer service centers are the only facilities authorized to service Seagate drives. Seagate does not sanction any third-party repair facilities. Any unauthorized repair or tampering with the factory-seal voids the warranty.

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