R&S RTO2000 Getting Started

®

R&S

RTO2000
Digital Oscilloscope

Getting Started

(=PïC2)

1332.9719.02 ─ 07

Getting Started

This manual describes the following R&S®RTO models with firmware version 3.70
and higher:

●

R&S®RTO2002 (1329.7002K02)

●

R&S®RTO2004 (1329.7002K04)

●

R&S®RTO2012 (1329.7002K12)

●

R&S®RTO2014 (1329.7002K14)

●

R&S®RTO2022 (1329.7002K22)

●

R&S®RTO2024 (1329.7002K24)

●

R&S®RTO2032 (1329.7002K32)

●

R&S®RTO2034 (1329.7002K34)

●

R&S®RTO2044 (1329.7002K44)

●

R&S®RTO2064 (1329.7002K64)

© 2017 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG

Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany

Phone: [phone] - 0

Fax: [phone]

Email: [email protected]

Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com

Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.

R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.

Trade names are trademarks of their owners.

Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol , e.g.
R&S®RTO2000 is indicated as R&S RTO.

Basic Safety Instructions

Symbol

Meaning

Symbol

Meaning

Notice, general danger location

Observe product documentation

ON/OFF Power

Caution when handling heavy equipment

Standby indication

Danger of electric shock

Direct current (DC)

Always read through and comply with the following safety instructions!

All plants and locations of the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies make every effort to keep the safety
standards of our products up to date and to offer our customers the highest possible degree of safety. Our
products and the auxiliary equipment they require are designed, built and tested in accordance with the
safety standards that apply in each case. Compliance with these standards is continuously monitored by
our quality assurance system. The product described here has been designed, built and tested in
accordance with the EC Certificate of Conformity and has left the manufacturer’s plant in a condition fully
complying with safety standards. To maintain this condition and to ensure safe operation, you must
observe all instructions and warnings provided in this manual. If you have any questions regarding these
safety instructions, the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies will be happy to answer them.

Furthermore, it is your responsibility to use the product in an appropriate manner. This product is designed
for use solely in industrial and laboratory environments or, if expressly permitted, also in the field and must
not be used in any way that may cause personal injury or property damage. You are responsible if the
product is used for any purpose other than its designated purpose or in disregard of the manufacturer's
instructions. The manufacturer shall assume no responsibility for such use of the product.

The product is used for its designated purpose if it is used in accordance with its product documentation
and within its performance limits (see data sheet, documentation, the following safety instructions). Using
the product requires technical skills and, in some cases, a basic knowledge of English. It is therefore
essential that only skilled and specialized staff or thoroughly trained personnel with the required skills be
allowed to use the product. If personal safety gear is required for using Rohde & Schwarz products, this
will be indicated at the appropriate place in the product documentation. Keep the basic safety instructions
and the product documentation in a safe place and pass them on to the subsequent users.

Observing the safety instructions will help prevent personal injury or damage of any kind caused by
dangerous situations. Therefore, carefully read through and adhere to the following safety instructions
before and when using the product. It is also absolutely essential to observe the additional safety
instructions on personal safety, for example, that appear in relevant parts of the product documentation. In
these safety instructions, the word "product" refers to all merchandise sold and distributed by the Rohde &
Schwarz group of companies, including instruments, systems and all accessories. For product-specific
information, see the data sheet and the product documentation.

Safety labels on products

The following safety labels are used on products to warn against risks and dangers.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 1

Basic Safety Instructions

Symbol

Meaning

Symbol

Meaning

Caution ! Hot surface

Alternating current (AC)

Protective conductor terminal
To identify any terminal which is intended for
connection to an external conductor for
protection against electric shock in case of a
fault, or the terminal of a protective earth

Direct/alternating current (DC/AC)

Earth (Ground)

Class II Equipment
to identify equipment meeting the safety
requirements specified for Class II equipment
(device protected by double or reinforced
insulation)

Frame or chassis Ground terminal

EU labeling for batteries and accumulators

For additional information, see section "Waste
disposal/Environmental protection", item 1.

Be careful when handling electrostatic sensitive
devices

EU labeling for separate collection of electrical
and electronic devices

For additional information, see section "Waste
disposal/Environmental protection", item 2.

Warning! Laser radiation

For additional information, see section
"Operation", item 7.

Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury.

Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or
serious injury.

Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or
moderate injury.

Indicates information considered important, but not hazard-related, e.g.
messages relating to property damage.
In the product documentation, the word ATTENTION is used synonymously.

Signal words and their meaning

The following signal words are used in the product documentation in order to warn the reader about risks
and dangers.

These signal words are in accordance with the standard definition for civil applications in the European
Economic Area. Definitions that deviate from the standard definition may also exist in other economic
areas or military applications. It is therefore essential to make sure that the signal words described here
are always used only in connection with the related product documentation and the related product. The
use of signal words in connection with unrelated products or documentation can result in misinterpretation
and in personal injury or material damage.

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Basic Safety Instructions

Operating states and operating positions

The product may be operated only under the operating conditions and in the positions specified by the
manufacturer, without the product's ventilation being obstructed. If the manufacturer's specifications are
not observed, this can result in electric shock, fire and/or serious personal injury or death. Applicable local
or national safety regulations and rules for the prevention of accidents must be observed in all work
performed.

1. Unless otherwise specified, the following requirements apply to Rohde & Schwarz products:
predefined operating position is always with the housing floor facing down, IP protection 2X, use only
indoors, max. operating altitude 2000 m above sea level, max. transport altitude 4500 m above sea
level. A tolerance of ±10 % shall apply to the nominal voltage and ±5 % to the nominal frequency,
overvoltage category 2, pollution degree 2.

2. Do not place the product on surfaces, vehicles, cabinets or tables that for reasons of weight or stability
are unsuitable for this purpose. Always follow the manufacturer's installation instructions when
installing the product and fastening it to objects or structures (e.g. walls and shelves). An installation
that is not carried out as described in the product documentation could result in personal injury or
even death.

3. Do not place the product on heat-generating devices such as radiators or fan heaters. The ambient
temperature must not exceed the maximum temperature specified in the product documentation or in
the data sheet. Product overheating can cause electric shock, fire and/or serious personal injury or
even death.

Electrical safety

If the information on electrical safety is not observed either at all or to the extent necessary, electric shock,
fire and/or serious personal injury or death may occur.

1. Prior to switching on the product, always ensure that the nominal voltage setting on the product
matches the nominal voltage of the mains-supply network. If a different voltage is to be set, the power
fuse of the product may have to be changed accordingly.

2. In the case of products of safety class I with movable power cord and connector, operation is
permitted only on sockets with a protective conductor contact and protective conductor.

3. Intentionally breaking the protective conductor either in the feed line or in the product itself is not
permitted. Doing so can result in the danger of an electric shock from the product. If extension cords
or connector strips are implemented, they must be checked on a regular basis to ensure that they are
safe to use.

4. If there is no power switch for disconnecting the product from the mains, or if the power switch is not
suitable for this purpose, use the plug of the connecting cable to disconnect the product from the
mains. In such cases, always ensure that the power plug is easily reachable and accessible at all
times. For example, if the power plug is the disconnecting device, the length of the connecting cable
must not exceed 3 m. Functional or electronic switches are not suitable for providing disconnection
from the AC supply network. If products without power switches are integrated into racks or systems,
the disconnecting device must be provided at the system level.

5. Never use the product if the power cable is damaged. Check the power cables on a regular basis to
ensure that they are in proper operating condition. By taking appropriate safety measures and
carefully laying the power cable, ensure that the cable cannot be damaged and that no one can be
hurt by, for example, tripping over the cable or suffering an electric shock.

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Basic Safety Instructions

6. The product may be operated only from TN/TT supply networks fuse-protected with max. 16 A (higher
fuse only after consulting with the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies).

7. Do not insert the plug into sockets that are dusty or dirty. Insert the plug firmly and all the way into the
socket provided for this purpose. Otherwise, sparks that result in fire and/or injuries may occur.

8. Do not overload any sockets, extension cords or connector strips; doing so can cause fire or electric
shocks.

9. For measurements in circuits with voltages V

> 30 V, suitable measures (e.g. appropriate

rms

measuring equipment, fuse protection, current limiting, electrical separation, insulation) should be
taken to avoid any hazards.

10. Ensure that the connections with information technology equipment, e.g. PCs or other industrial
computers, comply with the IEC 60950-1 / EN 60950-1 or IEC 61010-1 / EN 61010-1 standards that
apply in each case.

11. Unless expressly permitted, never remove the cover or any part of the housing while the product is in
operation. Doing so will expose circuits and components and can lead to injuries, fire or damage to the
product.

12. If a product is to be permanently installed, the connection between the protective conductor terminal
on site and the product's protective conductor must be made first before any other connection is
made. The product may be installed and connected only by a licensed electrician.

13. For permanently installed equipment without built-in fuses, circuit breakers or similar protective
devices, the supply circuit must be fuse-protected in such a way that anyone who has access to the
product, as well as the product itself, is adequately protected from injury or damage.

14. Use suitable overvoltage protection to ensure that no overvoltage (such as that caused by a bolt of
lightning) can reach the product. Otherwise, the person operating the product will be exposed to the
danger of an electric shock.

15. Any object that is not designed to be placed in the openings of the housing must not be used for this
purpose. Doing so can cause short circuits inside the product and/or electric shocks, fire or injuries.

16. Unless specified otherwise, products are not liquid-proof (see also section "Operating states and
operating positions", item 1). Therefore, the equipment must be protected against penetration by
liquids. If the necessary precautions are not taken, the user may suffer electric shock or the product
itself may be damaged, which can also lead to personal injury.

17. Never use the product under conditions in which condensation has formed or can form in or on the
product, e.g. if the product has been moved from a cold to a warm environment. Penetration by water
increases the risk of electric shock.

18. Prior to cleaning the product, disconnect it completely from the power supply (e.g. AC supply network
or battery). Use a soft, non-linting cloth to clean the product. Never use chemical cleaning agents such
as alcohol, acetone or diluents for cellulose lacquers.

Operation

1. Operating the products requires special training and intense concentration. Make sure that persons
who use the products are physically, mentally and emotionally fit enough to do so; otherwise, injuries
or material damage may occur. It is the responsibility of the employer/operator to select suitable
personnel for operating the products.

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Basic Safety Instructions

2. Before you move or transport the product, read and observe the section titled "Transport".

3. As with all industrially manufactured goods, the use of substances that induce an allergic reaction
(allergens) such as nickel cannot be generally excluded. If you develop an allergic reaction (such as a
skin rash, frequent sneezing, red eyes or respiratory difficulties) when using a Rohde & Schwarz
product, consult a physician immediately to determine the cause and to prevent health problems or
stress.

4. Before you start processing the product mechanically and/or thermally, or before you take it apart, be
sure to read and pay special attention to the section titled "Waste disposal/Environmental protection",
item 1.

5. Depending on the function, certain products such as RF radio equipment can produce an elevated
level of electromagnetic radiation. Considering that unborn babies require increased protection,
pregnant women must be protected by appropriate measures. Persons with pacemakers may also be
exposed to risks from electromagnetic radiation. The employer/operator must evaluate workplaces
where there is a special risk of exposure to radiation and, if necessary, take measures to avert the
potential danger.

6. Should a fire occur, the product may release hazardous substances (gases, fluids, etc.) that can
cause health problems. Therefore, suitable measures must be taken, e.g. protective masks and
protective clothing must be worn.

7. Laser products are given warning labels that are standardized according to their laser class. Lasers
can cause biological harm due to the properties of their radiation and due to their extremely
concentrated electromagnetic power. If a laser product (e.g. a CD/DVD drive) is integrated into a
Rohde & Schwarz product, absolutely no other settings or functions may be used as described in the
product documentation. The objective is to prevent personal injury (e.g. due to laser beams).

8. EMC classes (in line with EN 55011/CISPR 11, and analogously with EN 55022/CISPR 22,
EN 55032/CISPR 32)
 Class A equipment:

Equipment suitable for use in all environments except residential environments and environments
that are directly connected to a low-voltage supply network that supplies residential buildings
Note: Class A equipment is intended for use in an industrial environment. This equipment may
cause radio disturbances in residential environments, due to possible conducted as well as
radiated disturbances. In this case, the operator may be required to take appropriate measures to
eliminate these disturbances.

 Class B equipment:

Equipment suitable for use in residential environments and environments that are directly
connected to a low-voltage supply network that supplies residential buildings

Repair and service

1. The product may be opened only by authorized, specially trained personnel. Before any work is
performed on the product or before the product is opened, it must be disconnected from the AC supply
network. Otherwise, personnel will be exposed to the risk of an electric shock.

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Basic Safety Instructions

2. Adjustments, replacement of parts, maintenance and repair may be performed only by electrical
experts authorized by Rohde & Schwarz. Only original parts may be used for replacing parts relevant
to safety (e.g. power switches, power transformers, fuses). A safety test must always be performed
after parts relevant to safety have been replaced (visual inspection, protective conductor test,
insulation resistance measurement, leakage current measurement, functional test). This helps ensure
the continued safety of the product.

Batteries and rechargeable batteries/cells

If the information regarding batteries and rechargeable batteries/cells is not observed either at all or to the
extent necessary, product users may be exposed to the risk of explosions, fire and/or serious personal
injury, and, in some cases, death. Batteries and rechargeable batteries with alkaline electrolytes (e.g.
lithium cells) must be handled in accordance with the EN 62133 standard.

1. Cells must not be taken apart or crushed.

2. Cells or batteries must not be exposed to heat or fire. Storage in direct sunlight must be avoided.
Keep cells and batteries clean and dry. Clean soiled connectors using a dry, clean cloth.

3. Cells or batteries must not be short-circuited. Cells or batteries must not be stored in a box or in a
drawer where they can short-circuit each other, or where they can be short-circuited by other
conductive materials. Cells and batteries must not be removed from their original packaging until they
are ready to be used.

4. Cells and batteries must not be exposed to any mechanical shocks that are stronger than permitted.

5. If a cell develops a leak, the fluid must not be allowed to come into contact with the skin or eyes. If
contact occurs, wash the affected area with plenty of water and seek medical aid.

6. Improperly replacing or charging cells or batteries that contain alkaline electrolytes (e.g. lithium cells)
can cause explosions. Replace cells or batteries only with the matching Rohde & Schwarz type (see
parts list) in order to ensure the safety of the product.

7. Cells and batteries must be recycled and kept separate from residual waste. Rechargeable batteries
and normal batteries that contain lead, mercury or cadmium are hazardous waste. Observe the
national regulations regarding waste disposal and recycling.

8. Follow the transport stipulations of the carrier (IATA-DGR, IMDG-Code, ADR, RID) when returning
lithium batteries to Rohde & Schwarz subsidiaries.

Transport

1. The product may be very heavy. Therefore, the product must be handled with care. In some cases,
the user may require a suitable means of lifting or moving the product (e.g. with a lift-truck) to avoid
back or other physical injuries.

2. Handles on the products are designed exclusively to enable personnel to transport the product. It is
therefore not permissible to use handles to fasten the product to or on transport equipment such as
cranes, fork lifts, wagons, etc. The user is responsible for securely fastening the products to or on the
means of transport or lifting. Observe the safety regulations of the manufacturer of the means of
transport or lifting. Noncompliance can result in personal injury or material damage.

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Instrucciones de seguridad elementales

3. If you use the product in a vehicle, it is the sole responsibility of the driver to drive the vehicle safely
and properly. The manufacturer assumes no responsibility for accidents or collisions. Never use the
product in a moving vehicle if doing so could distract the driver of the vehicle. Adequately secure the
product in the vehicle to prevent injuries or other damage in the event of an accident.

Waste disposal/Environmental protection

1. Specially marked equipment has a battery or accumulator that must not be disposed of with unsorted
municipal waste, but must be collected separately. It may only be disposed of at a suitable collection
point or via a Rohde & Schwarz customer service center.

2. Waste electrical and electronic equipment must not be disposed of with unsorted municipal waste, but
must be collected separately.
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG has developed a disposal concept and takes full responsibility for
take-back obligations and disposal obligations for manufacturers within the EU. Contact your
Rohde & Schwarz customer service center for environmentally responsible disposal of the product.

3. If products or their components are mechanically and/or thermally processed in a manner that goes
beyond their intended use, hazardous substances (heavy-metal dust such as lead, beryllium, nickel)
may be released. For this reason, the product may only be disassembled by specially trained
personnel. Improper disassembly may be hazardous to your health. National waste disposal
regulations must be observed.

4. If handling the product releases hazardous substances or fuels that must be disposed of in a special
way, e.g. coolants or engine oils that must be replenished regularly, the safety instructions of the
manufacturer of the hazardous substances or fuels and the applicable regional waste disposal
regulations must be observed. Also observe the relevant safety instructions in the product
documentation. The improper disposal of hazardous substances or fuels can cause health problems
and lead to environmental damage.

For additional information about environmental protection, visit the Rohde & Schwarz website.

1171.0000.42 - 09 Page 7

Customer Support

Technical support – where and when you need it

For quick, expert help with any Rohde & Schwarz equipment, contact one of our Customer Support
Centers. A team of highly qualified engineers provides telephone support and will work with you to find a
solution to your query on any aspect of the operation, programming or applications of Rohde & Schwarz
equipment.

Up-to-date information and upgrades

To keep your instrument up-to-date and to be informed about new application notes related to your
instrument, please send an e-mail to the Customer Support Center stating your instrument and your wish.
We will take care that you will get the right information.

Europe, Africa, Middle East

North America

Latin America

Asia/Pacific

China

Phone [phone]

[email protected]

Phone 1-888-TEST-RSA (1-888-837-8772)

[email protected]

Phone [phone]

[email protected]

Phone [phone]

[email protected]

Phone [phone] /
[phone]

[email protected]

1171.0200.22-06.00

R&S®RTO2000

Contents

Contents

1 Preface....................................................................................7

1.1 Key Features......................................................................................... 7

1.2 Documentation Overview.....................................................................8

1.2.1 Manuals and Instrument Help................................................................. 8

1.2.2 Data Sheet and Brochure....................................................................... 9

1.2.3 Release Notes, Open Source Acknowledgment.....................................9

1.2.4 Calibration Certificate............................................................................10

1.2.5 Application notes, Application cards, Videos........................................ 10

1.3 Conventions Used in the Documentation.........................................10

1.3.1 Typographical Conventions.................................................................. 10

1.3.2 Conventions for Procedure Descriptions.............................................. 11

1.3.3 Notes on Screenshots...........................................................................11

2 Preparing for Use.................................................................13

2.1 Unpacking and Checking the Instrument......................................... 13

2.2 Positioning the Instrument................................................................ 14

2.2.1 Bench Top Operation............................................................................14

2.2.2 Rackmounting....................................................................................... 15

2.3 Starting the Instrument...................................................................... 16

2.3.1 Powering On......................................................................................... 17

2.3.2 Starting Up and Shutting Down.............................................................18

2.3.3 Powering Off......................................................................................... 19

2.3.4 EMI Suppression...................................................................................19

2.4 Connecting External Devices............................................................ 19

2.4.1 Connecting USB Devices......................................................................20

2.4.2 Connecting an External Monitor............................................................21

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R&S®RTO2000

Contents

3 Instrument Tour................................................................... 23

3.1 Front Panel.......................................................................................... 23

3.1.1 Input Connectors...................................................................................24

3.1.2 Other Front Panel Connectors.............................................................. 25

3.2 Rear Panel........................................................................................... 26

3.3 Keys and Controls.............................................................................. 29

3.3.1 Setup Controls...................................................................................... 29

3.3.2 Horizontal Controls............................................................................... 31

3.3.3 Vertical Controls....................................................................................32

3.3.4 Trigger Controls.................................................................................... 34

3.3.5 Analysis Keys........................................................................................36

3.3.6 Navigation Controls...............................................................................38

3.3.7 Power Key.............................................................................................40

4 Trying Out the Instrument...................................................41

4.1 Displaying a Basic Signal.................................................................. 41

4.2 Acquiring Data.................................................................................... 43

4.3 Organizing the Display....................................................................... 45

4.4 Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position................................ 48

4.5 Zooming into the Display................................................................... 52

4.5.1 Using the Standard Zoom..................................................................... 52

4.5.2 Using the Fingertip Zoom......................................................................54

4.6 Displaying the Waveform History......................................................55

4.7 Performing Basic Measurements...................................................... 56

4.7.1 Performing a Cursor Measurement.......................................................56

4.7.2 Performing an Amplitude Measurement............................................... 57

4.7.3 Performing and Configuring the Quick Measurement...........................61

4.7.4 Displaying a Histogram......................................................................... 63

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R&S®RTO2000

4.8 Performing a Basic FFT Analysis......................................................66

4.9 Performing Mathematical Calculations.............................................69

4.10 Performing a Search...........................................................................70

4.11 Performing a Mask Test..................................................................... 72

4.12 Printing and Saving Screenshots......................................................75

4.13 Saving Data......................................................................................... 78

Contents

5 Operating the Instrument....................................................81

5.1 Means of Manual Interaction..............................................................81

5.2 Touchscreen Display..........................................................................82

5.2.1 Information on the Display.................................................................... 82

5.2.2 Control Elements on the Touchscreen..................................................86

5.3 App Cockpit.........................................................................................88

5.4 Working with Waveforms................................................................... 89

5.5 Toolbar.................................................................................................93

5.5.1 Using the Toolbar..................................................................................94

5.5.2 Configuring the Toolbar........................................................................ 95

5.5.3 Toolbar Functions................................................................................. 96

5.6 Displaying Results............................................................................102

5.7 Using Dialog Boxes.......................................................................... 104

5.8 Entering Data.....................................................................................106

5.9 Messages...........................................................................................108

5.10 Getting Information and Help.......................................................... 109

5.10.1 Displaying Tutorials.............................................................................109

5.10.2 Displaying Help................................................................................... 110

5.10.3 Using the Help Window.......................................................................110

6 Setting Up the Instrument.................................................113

6.1 Performing a Self-alignment............................................................ 113

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R&S®RTO2000

6.2 Aligning the Touchscreen................................................................114

6.3 Setting the Display Language..........................................................114

6.4 Adjusting Passive Probes................................................................115

Contents

Index................................................................................... 117

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R&S®RTO2000

Preface

Key Features

1 Preface

1.1 Key Features

The R&S RTO Digital Oscilloscopebrings various benefits in your daily work. Out­standing key features are:

Best oscilloscope performance

●

Up to 16-bit vertical resolution

●

Trigger on any detail you can see

●

Quickly find signal faults with 1 Million waveforms/s

●

Integrated spectrum analysis

Widest range of capabilities

●

Fast acquisition rate even with industry leading 2 Gsample deep memory

●

First zone trigger in time and frequency domain

●

Analyze previous acquisitions - always available in history buffer

●

Deep toolset for signal analysis

Powerful user interface

●

High-resolution 12.1’’ capacitive touchscreen with gesture support

●

Easily customizable waveform display with SmartGrid

●

Fast access to important tools

●

Documentation at the press of a button

Engineered for multi-domain challenges

●

Class leading MSO

●

Trigger and decode for serial protocols

●

Power measurements

●

Automatic compliance tests

●

EMI debugging with oscilloscopes

●

IQ and RF analysis

●

Extensive probe portfolio for voltage, current and more

For a detailed specification refer to the data sheet.

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R&S®RTO2000

Preface

Documentation Overview

1.2 Documentation Overview

This section provides an overview of the R&S RTO user documentation.

1.2.1 Manuals and Instrument Help

You find the manuals on the product page at:

www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/rto

Getting started manual

Introduces the R&S RTO and describes how to set up and start working with the
instrument, and describes basic operations. A printed English version is included
in the delivery. Editions in other languages are available on the product website.

Instrument help

The help offers quick, context-sensitive access to the functional description
directly on the instrument.

User manual (Instrument)

Describes all instrument functions in detail. It also provides an introduction to
remote control, a complete description of the remote control commands with pro­gramming examples, and information on maintenance and instrument interfaces.
Includes the contents of the getting started manual.

The online version of the user manual provides the complete contents for immedi­ate display on the internet.

Manuals for compliance test options

For compliance test options, extra test procedure manual are available. Test fix­tures are described in separate manuals, which are delivered with the fixture in
printed form.

●

Test procedure manuals are available for:

– R&S RTO-K21 USB 2.0 Compliance Tests

– R&S RTO-K22/K23/K24/K25/K86/K87 Ethernet Compliance Tests

– R&S RTO-K26 MIPI D-PHY Compliance Tests

– R&S RTO-K92 eMMC Compliance Tests

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R&S®RTO2000

Preface

Documentation Overview

●

Test fixture manuals are available for:

– R&S RT-ZF1 USB 2.0 Compliance Test Fixture Set

– R&S RT-ZF2 Ethernet Compliance Test Fixture Set

– R&S RT-ZF3 Frequency Converter Board (100BASE-T1)

– R&S RT-ZF4 10BASE-Te Test Fixture

– R&S RT-ZF5 Ethernet Probing Fixture

– R&S RT-ZF6 Frequency Converter Board (1000BASE-T1)

Basic safety instructions

Contains safety instructions, operating conditions and further important informa­tion. The printed document is delivered with the instrument.

Instrument security procedures manual

Deals with security issues when working with the R&S RTO in secure areas.

Service Manual

Describes the performance test for checking the rated specifications, module
replacement, firmware update, troubleshooting and fault elimination, and contains
mechanical drawings and spare part lists. The service manual is available for reg­istered users on the global Rohde & Schwarz information system (GLORIS,

https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com).

1.2.2 Data Sheet and Brochure

The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S RTO. It also lists
the options with their order numbers and optional accessories. The brochure pro­vides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific characteristics.

See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/rto

1.2.3 Release Notes, Open Source Acknowledgment

The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the cur­rent firmware version, and describe the firmware installation. The open source
acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the used open
source software. It can also be read directly on the instrument.

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R&S®RTO2000

Conventions Used in the Documentation

See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/rto.

Preface

1.2.4 Calibration Certificate

The document is available on https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com/calcert. You need
the device ID of your instrument, which you can find on a label on the rear panel.

1.2.5 Application notes, Application cards, Videos

These documents deal with special applications or background information on
particular topics.

See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/rto

1.3 Conventions Used in the Documentation

1.3.1 Typographical Conventions

The following text markers are used throughout this documentation:

Convention Description

"Graphical user interface
elements"

KEYS Key names are written in capital letters.

File names, commands,
program code

Input Input to be entered by the user is displayed in italics.

Links Links that you can click are displayed in blue font.

"References" References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by

All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen,
such as dialog boxes, menus, options, buttons, and softkeys are
enclosed by quotation marks.

File names, commands, coding samples and screen output are
distinguished by their font.

quotation marks.

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Preface

Conventions Used in the Documentation

1.3.2 Conventions for Procedure Descriptions

When operating the instrument, several alternative methods may be available to
perform the same task. In this case, the procedure using the touchscreen is
described. Any elements that can be activated by touching can also be clicked
using an additionally connected mouse. The alternative procedure using the keys
on the instrument or the on-screen keyboard is only described if it deviates from
the standard operating procedures.

The term "select" may refer to any of the described methods, i.e. using a finger on
the touchscreen, a mouse pointer in the display, or a key on the instrument or on
a keyboard.

1.3.3 Notes on Screenshots

When describing the functions of the product, we use sample screenshots. These
screenshots are meant to illustrate as much as possible of the provided functions
and possible interdependencies between parameters. The shown values may not
represent realistic usage scenarios.

The screenshots usually show a fully equipped product, that is: with all options
installed. Thus, some functions shown in the screenshots may not be available in
your particular product configuration.

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Preface

Conventions Used in the Documentation

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R&S®RTO2000

Preparing for Use

Unpacking and Checking the Instrument

2 Preparing for Use

This section describes the basic steps to be taken when setting up the R&S RTO
for the first time.

Risk of instrument damage due to inappropriate operating conditions

Specific operating conditions are required to ensure accurate measure­ments and to avoid damage to the instrument. Observe the information on
appropriate operating conditions provided in the basic safety instructions
and the instrument's data sheet.

2.1 Unpacking and Checking the Instrument

To remove the instrument from its packaging and check the equipment for com­pleteness, proceed as follows:

1. Pull off the polyethylene protection pads from the instrument's rear feet.

2. Carefully remove the pads from the instrument handles at the front.

3. Pull off the corrugated cardboard cover that protects the rear of the instru-

ment.

4. Carefully unthread the corrugated cardboard cover at the front that protects

the instrument handles and remove it.

5. Check the equipment for completeness using the delivery note and the acces-

sory lists for the various items.

6. Check the instrument for any damage. If there is damage, immediately contact

the carrier who delivered the instrument. Make sure not to discard the box and
packing material.

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Preparing for Use

Positioning the Instrument

Packing material

Retain the original packing material. If the instrument needs to be transpor­ted or shipped later, you can use the material to protect the control ele­ments and connectors.

2.2 Positioning the Instrument

The instrument is designed for use under laboratory conditions. It can be used in
standalone operation on a bench top or can be installed in a rack.

2.2.1 Bench Top Operation

For standalone operation, place the instrument on a horizontal bench with even,
flat surface. The instrument can be used in horizontal position, standing on its
feet, or with the support feet on the bottom extended.

Risk of injury if feet are folded out

The feet can fold in if they are not folded out completely or if the instrument
is shifted. Collapsing feet can cause injury or damage the instrument.

●

Fold the feet completely in or out to ensure stability of the instrument.
Never shift the instrument when the feet are folded out.

●

When the feet are folded out, do not work under the instrument or place
anything underneath.

●

The feet can break if they are overloaded. The overall load on the fol­ded-out feet must not exceed 200 N.

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Preparing for Use

Positioning the Instrument

Risk of injury when stacking instruments

A stack of instruments can tilt over and cause injury if not stacked correctly.
Furthermore, the instruments at the bottom of the stack can be damaged
due to the load imposed by the instruments on top.

Observe the following instructions when stacking instruments:

●

Never stack more than three instruments. If you need to stack more
than three instruments, install them in a rack.

●

The overall load imposed on the lowest instrument must not exceed
500 N.

●

It is best if all instruments have the same dimensions (width and length).
If you need to stack smaller instruments on the top, the overall load
imposed on the lowest instrument must not exceed 250 N.

●

If the instruments have foldable feet, fold them in completely.

2.2.2 Rackmounting

The instrument can be installed in a rack using a rack adapter kit. The order num­ber is given in the data sheet. The installation instructions are part of the adapter
kit.

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Preparing for Use

Starting the Instrument

Risk of instrument damage due to insufficient airflow in a rack

If the instrument is run with insufficient airflow for a longer period, the instru­ment overheats, which can disturb the operation and even cause damage.

Make sure that all fan openings are unobstructed, that the airflow perfora­tions are unimpeded, and that the minimum distance from the wall is 10 cm.

2.3 Starting the Instrument

Risk of injury and instrument damage

The instrument must be used in an appropriate manner to prevent electric
shock, fire, personal injury, or damage.

●

Do not open the instrument casing.

●

Read and observe the "Basic Safety Instructions" delivered as a printed
brochure with the instrument.
In addition, read and observe the safety instructions in the following sec­tions. Notice that the data sheet may specify additional operating condi­tions.

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Preparing for Use

Starting the Instrument

Risk of instrument damage due to inappropriate operating conditions

An unsuitable operating site or test setup can damage the instrument and
connected devices. Before switching on the instrument, observe the infor­mation on appropriate operating conditions provided in the data sheet. In
particular, ensure the following:

●

All fan openings are unobstructed and the airflow perforations are unim­peded. The minimum distance from the wall is 10 cm.

●

The instrument is dry and shows no sign of condensation.

●

The instrument is positioned as described in the following sections.

●

The ambient temperature does not exceed the range specified in the
data sheet.

●

Signal levels at the input connectors are all within the specified ranges.

●

Signal outputs are connected correctly and are not overloaded.

2.3.1 Powering On

The R&S RTO can be used with different AC power voltages and adapts itself
automatically to it.

The nominal ranges are:

●

100 V to 240 V AC at 50 Hz to 60 Hz and 400 Hz

●

max. 5.5 A to 2.3 A

●

max. 450 W

Risk of injury

Connect the instrument to an outlet that has a ground contact.

If grounding is not ensured by the mains system, ground the instrument
using the protective earth conductor on the front panel and an appropriate
cable.

Do not use an isolating transformer to connect the instrument to the AC
power supply.

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Preparing for Use

Starting the Instrument

1. Connect the power cable to the AC power connector on the rear panel of the

R&S RTO.

2. Connect the power cable to the socket outlet.

3. Switch the main power switch at the rear of the instrument to position I.

The power key on the front panel lights up.

Before you start measurements, be sure to comply with the warm-up phase
specified in the data sheet.

If you leave the main power switch on, the instrument in standby mode. To dis­connect from power supply, power off the instrument.

2.3.2 Starting Up and Shutting Down

The POWER key is located in the bottom left corner of the front panel.

To start up the instrument

1. Make sure that the R&S RTO is connected to the AC power supply and the

main power switch on the rear panel is in position I.

2. Press the POWER key on the front panel.

The instrument performs a system check, boots the Windows operating sys­tem, and then starts the R&S RTO firmware.
The POWER key turns green and the illuminated keys on the front panel light
up. If the previous session was terminated regularly, the oscilloscope uses the
last settings.

To shut down the instrument

► Press the POWER key on the front panel.

All current settings are saved, and the software shuts down. The standby
power only supplies the power switch circuits and the optional oven quartz
(OCXO, option R&S RTO-B4).
Now it is safe to power off the instrument.

The "Exit" function in the "File" menu shuts down only the firmware application.
To shut down the instrument completely, also shut down the operating system in
the "Start" menu, or use the POWER key.

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Preparing for Use

Connecting External Devices

2.3.3 Powering Off

Powering off is only required if the instrument must be disconnected from all
power supplies.

It also interrupts the power supply of the OCXO (option OCXO Reference Fre­quency, R&S RTO-B4).

1. If the instrument is running and the POWER key is green, press the POWER

key on the front panel to shut down the instrument.

2. Switch the main power switch at the rear of the instrument to position 0.

3. Disconnect the AC power cable from the AC power supply.

Risk of losing data

If you switch off the running instrument using the rear panel switch or by
disconnecting the power cord, the instrument loses its current settings. Fur­thermore, program data can be lost.

Press the POWER key first to shut down the application properly.

2.3.4 EMI Suppression

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) may affect the measurement results.

To suppress generated Electromagnetic Interference:

●

Use suitable shielded cables of high quality. For example use double-shielded
RF and LAN cables.

●

Always terminate open cable ends.

●

Note the EMC classification in the data sheet.

2.4 Connecting External Devices

The following interfaces for external devices are provided:

●

USB connectors at the front and rear panel of the instrument

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Preparing for Use

Connecting External Devices

●

Monitor connectors DVI-D and DisplayPort at the rear panel of the instrument

● Connecting USB Devices................................................................................20

● Connecting an External Monitor......................................................................21

2.4.1 Connecting USB Devices

The USB interfaces on the front and rear panels allow you to connect USB devi­ces directly to the instrument. The number of USB connectors can be increased
by using USB hubs. Due to the large number of available USB devices, there is
almost no limit to the expansions that are possible with the R&S RTO.

The following USB devices can be useful, for example:

●

USB flash drives to save screenshots and measurement results, and for easy
installation of firmware applications

●

Keyboard and/or mouse to simplify the operation and the entry of data, com­ments, filenames, etc.

●

Printer to measurement results

You can connect or disconnect all USB devices during operation of the instru­ment.

Installing USB devices on R&S RTO is easy under the Windows operating sys­tem, because all USB devices are plug&play. After a device is connected to the
USB interface, Windows automatically searches for a suitable device driver.

If the operating system does not find a suitable driver, it prompts you to specify a
directory that contains the driver software. If the driver software is on a storage
media, connect the appropriate drive to the instrument before proceeding. If the
instrument is integrated in a network, you can also install driver data stored in a
network directory.

When a USB device is disconnected from the R&S RTO, Windows immediately
detects the change in hardware configuration and deactivates the corresponding
driver.

The properties of external USB devices are configured in the operating system,
not in the R&S RTO software. It is recommended that you use mouse and key­board to access and modify the settings of the Windows operating system. To
access Windows, press the Windows key on the external keyboard, or select
"File" > "Minimize" on the R&S RTO menu.

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Preparing for Use

Connecting External Devices

Connecting a USB flash drive or CD-ROM drive

If installation of a USB flash drive or CD-ROM drive is successful, Windows
informs you that the device is ready to use. The device is made available as a
new drive ("D:") and is displayed under Windows Explorer. The name of the drive
depends on the manufacturer.

Connecting a keyboard

The keyboard is detected automatically when it is connected. The default input
language is English – US.

Use the Windows "Start" menu > "Control Panel" > "Change keyboards or other
input methods" to configure the keyboard properties.

Connecting a mouse

The mouse is detected automatically when it is connected.

Use the Windows "Start" menu > "Devices and Printers" > "Mouse" to configure
the mouse properties.

Connecting a printer

When printing a file, the instrument checks whether a printer is connected and
turned on, and whether the appropriate printer driver is installed. If necessary,
printer driver installation is initiated using the Windows' "Add a Printer" wizard.

Use the Windows "Start" menu > "Devices and Printers" > "Add a printer" to
install the driver.

2.4.2 Connecting an External Monitor

You can connect an external monitor or projector to the R&S RTO. The following
connectors are available:

●

"DVI-D" on page 27

●

"DISPLAYPORT" on page 27

Before connecting an external monitor, ensure that the monitor and the R&S RTO
are connected to a ground contact. Otherwise the instrument can be damaged.

After connecting an additional monitor or projector to the instrument, configure it
for usage. The relevant settings are Windows settings but you can configure the
displays directly in the instrument setup.

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R&S®RTO2000

Connecting External Devices

1. Check the input type of the monitor or projector. Make sure to select the cor-

rect cable. To use a VGA monitor, you need an active DVI-D to VGA adapter.

2. Press the SETUP key.

3. Select the "System" tab.

4. Tap "Display / Monitors".

5. To show the instrument's display content only on the external monitor, select

"Projector only".
To show the instrument's display content on both the oscilloscope and the
external monitor, select "Duplicate".

The touchscreen of the R&S RTO has a screen resolution of 1280 x 800 pixel.
Most external monitors have a higher screen resolution. If the screen resolution of
the monitor is set higher than the instrument's resolution, the application window
uses a 1280 x 800 area of the monitor display. For full screen display, adjust the
monitor's screen resolution using "Additional display settings".

Preparing for Use

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Instrument Tour

Front Panel

3 Instrument Tour

This chapter describes the front and rear panels of the instrument including all
function keys and connectors, and also the touchscreen with its control elements.

3.1 Front Panel

The front panel of the R&S RTO is shown in Figure 3-1. The function keys are
grouped in functional blocks to the left and the right of the touchscreen. Below the
screen, various connectors are located.

Figure 3-1: Front panel of R&S RTO2044 with 4 input channels

1 = Touchscreen
2 = SETUP controls
3 = HORIZONTAL controls
4 = TRIGGER controls

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R&S®RTO2000

5 = ANALYSIS keys
6 = NAVIGATION controls
7 = WAVEFORM GENERATOR keys
8 = VERTICAL controls
9 = Input channels
10 = AUX OUT connector
11 = Connectors for probe compensation and grounding
12 = USB connectors
13 = POWER key

Instrument damage caused by cleaning agents

Cleaning agents contain substances such as solvents (thinners, acetone,
etc.), acids, bases, or other substances. Solvents can damage the front
panel labeling, plastic parts, or screens, for example.

Never use cleaning agents to clean the outside of the instrument. Use a
soft, dry, lint-free dust cloth instead.

Instrument Tour

Front Panel

3.1.1 Input Connectors

The R&S RTO has two or four channel inputs to connect the input signals using
active and passive probes.

The input connectors are provided with a special Rohde & Schwarz active probe
interface, and they are BNC compatible. Thus, the instrument can automatically
detect passive probes with standard BNC connector and active Rohde & Schwarz
probes having the Rohde & Schwarz probe interface.

The input impedance is selectable, the values are 50 Ω and 1 MΩ.

Risk of electrical shock or fire

Voltages higher than 30 V RMS or 42 V peak or 60 V DC are regarded as
hazardous contact voltages. When working with hazardous contact vol­tages, use appropriate protective measures to preclude direct contact with
the measurement setup:

●

Use only insulated voltage probes, test leads and adapters.

●

Do not touch voltages higher than 30 V RMS or 42 V peak or 60 V DC.

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Instrument Tour

Front Panel

Risk of injury and instrument damage

The instrument is not rated for any measurement category.

Make sure that the input voltage on channel inputs does not exceed
200 V peak, 150 V RMS at 1 MΩ input impedance and 5 V RMS at 50 Ω
input impedance.

Transient overvoltages must not exceed 200 V peak.

When performing measurements in circuits with transient overvoltages of
category II, III or IV circuits, make sure that no such overvoltages reach the
R&S RTO input. Therefore, use only probes that comply with DIN EN
61010-031. When performing measurements in category II, III or IV circuits,
it is mandatory to insert a probe that appropriately reduces the voltage so
that no transient overvoltages higher than 200 V peak are applied to the
instrument. For detailed information, refer to the documentation and safety
information of the probe manufacturer.

Explanation: According to section AA.2.4 of EN 61010-2-030, measuring
circuits without any measurement category are intended for measurements
on circuits which are not connected to the mains system.

3.1.2 Other Front Panel Connectors

Besides the input connectors, the instrument has USB connectors and probe
compensation connectors at the front panel.

USB

Two USB type A connectors that comply with standard USB 2.0. They are used to
connect devices like keyboard, mouse, printer and USB flash drive.

Note: Electromagnetic interference (EMI) can affect the measurement results. To
avoid any impact, do not use USB connecting cables exceeding 1 m.

PROBE COMPENSATION

Probe compensation terminal to support adjustment of passive probes to the
oscilloscope channel.

Protective earth conductor for grounding the instrument.

Square wave signal for probe compensation with 1 kHz and
1 Vpp.

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Instrument Tour

Rear Panel

Ground connector for probes.

AUX OUT

Output of the internal calibration signal, if the signal is configured to external des­tination.

3.2 Rear Panel

Figure 3-2 shows the rear panel of the R&S RTO.

Figure 3-2: Rear panel of R&S RTO

1 = AC power supply connector and main power switch
2 = LAN connector
3 = USB connectors, type A
4 = DisplayPort connector
5 = USB Device connector, type B
6 = DVI-D connector for external monitor
7 = Optional connectors for waveform and pattern generator (option R&S RTO-B6)
8 = External trigger output
9a = Optional connectors for digital probe (Mixed Signal Option R&S RTO-B1, shown in figure)
9b = Optional GPIB connector (option R&S RTO-B10, not shown in figure)
10 = External trigger input

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Instrument Tour

Rear Panel

11 = Optional OCXO with input and output of the reference signal (option R&S RTO-B4)
12 = Kensington lock slot to secure the instrument against theft
13 = Optional exchangeable hard disk: solid state disk (option R&S RTO-B18) or standard hard

disk drive (option R&S RTO-B19)

14 = Lugs to attach the accessory bag

AC power supply connector and main power switch

Connection to the AC power line. The R&S RTO can be used with different AC
power voltages and adapts itself automatically to it. The nominal voltage and fre­quency ranges are displayed on the rear panel and quoted in the data sheet.

If grounding is not ensured by the mains system, ground the instrument using the
protective earth conductor on the front panel and an appropriate cable.

The AC main power switch also interrupts the power supply of the OCXO (option
OCXO Reference Frequency, R&S RTO-B4).

When you power up the instrument, be sure to comply with the warm-up phase
specified in the data sheet before you start measurements.

See also: Chapter 2.3, "Starting the Instrument", on page 16

USB

Two USB type A connectors that comply with standard USB 3.0. They are used to
connect devices like keyboard, mouse, printer, and flash drive to store and reload
instrument settings and measurement data.

Note: Electromagnetic interference (EMI) can affect the measurement results. To
avoid any impact, do not use USB connecting cables exceeding 1 m.

LAN

8-pin RJ-45 connector used to connect the instrument to a Local Area Network
(LAN). It supports up to 1000 Mbit/s (10/100/1000BASE-T Ethernet).

USB DEVICE

USB 3.0 interface of type B (device USB), to be used for remote control of the
instrument.

DISPLAYPORT

DisplayPort connector for an external monitor or projector. It supports DisplayPort
version 1.1a.

DVI-D

Digital connector for an external monitor or projector. The monitor shows the
complete content of the instrument's screen.

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R&S®RTO2000

See also: Chapter 2.4.2, "Connecting an External Monitor", on page 21.

EXT TRIGGER IN

The BNC connector for external trigger input is used to control the measurement
by an external signal. The input impedance can be selected in the trigger configu­ration, the values are 50 Ω and 1 MΩ. The trigger level can be set from -5 V to
5 V. The maximum input voltage is 30 V RMS at 1 MΩ input impedance and
7 V RMS at 50 Ω input impedance.

TRIGGER OUT

The BNC connector for external trigger output is used to provide the internal trig­ger signal of the oscilloscope to trigger other instruments for synchronized mea­surements.

When a trigger occurs, the R&S RTO creates a pulse of 5 V with a source impe­dance of 50 Ω and delivers it to the external trigger output. The instrument can
also send the pulse on mask test violation or violation of measurement limits and
margins.

Instrument Tour

Rear Panel

If the connector is terminated with 50 Ω, the signal level is 2.5 V (50 mA). With
1 MΩ termination, the level is 5 V. A short-circuit of the connector to ground cre­ates current of 100 mA.

To enable the trigger out signal, select "Trigger" menu > "Ctrl/Action". Here you
also adjust polarity, delay, and length of the pulse. The default is a positive pulse
of 100 ns. The minimum delay is 800 ns.

RTO MSO

Mixed Signal Option, input for digital signals (parallel buses). The hardware mod­ule and logic probe come with option R&S RTO-B1. The module provides con­nectors for two logical probes with 8 digital channels each (D0 to D7 and D8 to
D15).

The maximum input voltage is 40 V peak at 100 kΩ input impedance. The maxi­mum input frequency for a signal with the minimum input voltage swing of 500 mV
(Vpp) is 400 MHz. For detailed specifications, refer to the data sheet.

RTO-B4

Optional REF IN (left) and REF OUT (right) connectors coming with option
R&S RTO-B4 OCXO 10 MHz.

The input frequency ranges from 1 MHz to 20 MHz in 1 MHz steps. The input
impedance is 50 Ω.

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Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

The output frequency of the OCXO is 10 MHz, the impedance is 50 Ω. For
detailed specifications, refer to the data sheet.

RTO-B6

Optional connectors for the waveform generator (option R&S RTO-B6). For
detailed specifications, refer to the data sheet.

GEN1, GEN2 BNC connectors

PATTGEN Connector for the pattern generator

RTO-B10

Optional GBIP connector coming with option R&S RTO-B10 GBIP interface. For
detailed specifications, refer to the data sheet.

3.3 Keys and Controls

3.3.1 Setup Controls

SETUP keys set the instrument to a defined state, change basic settings, and
provide print and help functions. The intensity rotary knob adjusts the display con­trast for several display elements.

AUTOSET

The instrument analyzes the enabled channel signals, and adjusts appropriate
horizontal, vertical, and trigger settings to display stable waveforms.

PRESET

Resets the instrument to a default state. All measurements, mask tests, zoom,
and most individual settings are deleted, and all channels except for channel 1
are disabled. You can define preset configurations and save them to a file. The
PRESET key can be configured to set either factory defaults or a user-defined
preset configuration.

SAVE RECALL

Opens and closes the "File" dialog box, where you can:

●

Save instrument settings

●

Load instrument settings which were saved before

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R&S®RTO2000

●

Save waveform data and measurement results

●

Define a naming pattern for autonaming of files

SETUP

Opens and closes the "Setup" dialog box, where you can:

●

Access Windows configuration and install firmware updates

●

Configure the touchscreen

●

Check and install option keys for software options

●

Check availability of hardware options

●

Configure LXI and GPIB (if installed)

Camera

Performs the action that is assigned to the key in "File" menu > "Frontpanel
Setup" > "Hardkeys". By default, the key saves a screenshot of the waveform dis­play.

Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

HELP

Opens the appropriate help topic for the active tab. If no dialog box is open, the
contents page of the help appears.

TOUCH LOCK

Locks the touchscreen to prevent unintended use. When the touchscreen is off,
the key is illuminated. Press again to unlock the touchscreen.

DISPLAY

Opens and closes the "Display" dialog box to configure the appearance of the
waveforms, the diagram layout, color tables, and also the XY-diagram.

INTENSITY

Adjusts the intensity of the waveforms on the screen, or the background transpar­ency of dialog boxes, or the transparency of result boxes. If a dialog box is open,
turning the knob changes the transparency of dialog boxes. If a result box is
open, the transparency of result boxes is changed. Otherwise the waveform
intensity is adjusted. Press the knob to toggle between the three settings. The
controlled parameter and its value are shown in the input box in the lower right
corner of the screen.

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Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

3.3.2 Horizontal Controls

The keys and rotary knobs in theHORIZONTAL functional block adjust the acqui­sition basic settings and the horizontal parameters. These settings are effective
for all channel waveforms.

RES REC LEN

Opens and closes the "Setup" tab in the "Horizontal" dialog box, where you can
set the resolution and the record length.

HORIZONTAL

Opens and closes the "Setup" tab in the "Horizontal" dialog box, where you can:

●

Adjust the time scale, and acquisition time

●

Adjust the horizontal position, and reference point

●

Enable the roll mode

ACQUISITION

Opens and closes the "Acquisition" tab in the "Horizontal" dialog box, where you
can define the acquisition processing (decimation and arithmetic).

RESOLUTION / RECORD LENGTH

The rotary knob changes the resolution or the record length. Press the knob to
toggle the setting. The controlled parameter and its value are shown in the input
box in the lower right corner of the screen.

For resolution, turn clockwise to increase the resolution: the time between two
acquisition points gets shorter. Record length and sample rate increase while the
acquisition time remains constant.

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Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

For record length, turn clockwise to increase the record length, and the resolution
increases too - the time between to acquisition points gets shorter.

POSITION

The rotary knob changes the horizontal position of the waveform or the position of
the reference point on the screen.

You can select if the knob changes the position or the reference point in "File"
menu > "Frontpanel Setup" > "Knobs". To set the value to zero, press the knob.
The current value is shown in the input box in the lower right corner of the screen.

"Horizontal position" defines the time distance of the reference point from the zero
point of the diagram. Turn clockwise to move the waveform to the right.

"Reference point" defines the position of the reference point on the screen. Turn
clockwise to move it to the right. The reference point marks the rescaling center
of the time scale. It is indicated by a gray triangle outline at the top of the dia­gram. If you modify the time scale, the reference point remains fixed on the
screen, and the scale is stretched or compressed to both sides of the reference
point.

SCALE

The rotary knob adjusts the time scale for all signals. The time scale is also
known as timebase.

Turn clockwise to stretch the waveforms. Doing so, the scale value time/div
decreases.

Press the knob to toggle between coarse and fine scale adjustment.

3.3.3 Vertical Controls

The keys and knobs in the VERTICAL functional block select a signal and adjust
the vertical scale and position of the selected signal.

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R&S®RTO2000

CH <N>

Turns on, selects, and configures a channel. If the channel is selected, the key
lights up in the corresponding channel color .

Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

The effect of the keypress depends on state of the channel:

●

If channel is off: Pressing the key turns on the channel and selects it.

●

If the channel is on, but not selected: Pressing the key selects the channel
waveform.

●

If the waveform is selected: Pressing the key opens the "Vertical" dialog box
for the appropriate channel.

The vertical rotary knobs are focused on the selected waveform and they are illu­minated in the color of the selected waveform.

LOGIC

Opens the dialog box for configuration of parallel buses and digital channels. The
key lights up if you enable at least one parallel bus. You can switch off the
selected bus using the SIGNAL OFF key.

REF

Opens the "Reference" dialog box, where you can configure and display refer­ence waveforms. Press the key repeatedly to switch to the reference waveform to
be configured.

The vertical rotary knobs are focused on the selected reference waveform, and
they are illuminated in the color of the selected waveform.

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Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

MATH

Opens the "Math" dialog box, where you can configure the calculation of new
waveforms using various mathematic operations on other waveforms. Press the
key repeatedly to switch to the math waveform to be configured.

The vertical rotary knobs are focused on the selected math waveform, and they
are illuminated in the color of the selected waveform.

POSITION (upper knob)

The upper rotary knob changes the vertical position or the offset of the selected
waveform. The horizontal axis and the selected waveform are moved vertically.
Turn clockwise to move up the waveform.

You can select if the knob changes the position or the offset in "File" menu >
"Frontpanel Setup" > "Knobs". To set the value to zero, press the knob. The cur­rent value is shown in the input box in the lower right corner of the screen.

●

Position indicates the vertical location in divisions.

●

Offset moves the vertical center of the selected channel to the offset value.

The knob lights up in the color of the selected waveform.

SCALE

This rotary knob adjusts the vertical scale for the selected waveform. The knob
lights up in the color of the selected waveform.

Turn clockwise to stretch the waveform. Doing so, the scale value V/div decrea­ses.

Press the knob to toggle between coarse and fine scale adjustment.

SIGNAL OFF

Turns off the selected signal and selects the next channel, math, or reference
waveform.

The key is illuminated in the color of the selected signal and changes the color
according to the new selection.

3.3.4 Trigger Controls

The keys and knob in the TRIGGER functional block adjust the trigger and start
or stop acquisition.

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TRIGGER

Opens and closes the "Trigger" dialog box, where you can:

●

Select a trigger type and configure it.

●

Set general trigger parameters and control the acquisition run.

●

Qualify the trigger event with logic patterns.

●

Configure a sequence of subsequent trigger events.

Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

LEVELS

The rotary knob sets the trigger level for all trigger types. Turn clockwise to move
up the trigger level. If the selected trigger type requires two trigger levels - upper
and lower level - press the knob to toggle between the two levels.

SOURCE

Opens a dialog box where you can select the trigger source. Press the key again
to switch the source. The key lights up in the color of the selected trigger source.

SLOPE

Toggles the trigger slope or trigger polarity, dependent on the trigger type. The
current setting is shown on the trigger label, which is in the upper part of the sig­nal bar on the touchscreen.

MODE

Toggles the trigger mode between Auto and Normal. The current setting is shown
on the trigger label.

RUN STOP

Starts and stops the continuous acquisition. A green light indicates a running
acquisition. A red light shows that acquisition is stopped.

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Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

SINGLE

Starts a defined number of acquisition cycles. A green light indicates running
acquisition. A red light shows that acquisition is stopped. To set the number of
acquisitions, press the TRIGGER key, select the "Ctrl/Action" tab, and set "Aver­age count (N-single count)". Press the key again to stop running acquisitions.

3.3.5 Analysis Keys

The keys in the ANALYSIS functional block provide direct access to measure­ment and analyzing functions. If you press CURSOR, ZOOM or MEAS, the oper­ation starts on first keypress, and a second keypress opens the corresponding
dialog box. If you press another function key, the dialog box opens.

CURSOR

Displays vertical and horizontal cursors in the active diagram and displays the
"Cursor Results" box.

Cursors are markers which are placed at points of interest on a waveform. The
instrument measures the cursor positions and delta values between parallel cur­sors.

If you press the key while a cursor measurement is enabled, the "Cursors" dialog
box opens.

In "Cursors" dialog box, you can:

●

Configure up to 4 cursor sets

●

Define style and labels of the cursors

●

Connect the cursor to the waveform and couple the cursors

MEAS

Starts the default automatic measurement for the active waveform and displays
the "Measurement" result box.

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If you press the MEAS key while a measurement is enabled, the "Measurements"
dialog box is displayed, where you can:

●

Configure amplitude and time measurements, eye, spectrum, and histogram
measurements

●

Configure gated measurement

●

Configure long term and statistic measurements

●

Configure actions to be executed if specified limits are exceeded

App Cockpit

Opens the "App Cockpit" dialog box, where you can select and configure a mea­surement or analysis function directly, without knowing its position in the menu or
toolbar.

The "App Cockpit" button on left edge of the menu has the same effect.

ZOOM

Displays a zoom diagram for the active diagram. The key is illuminated if at least
one zoom is active. If you press the key while the zoom function is on, the "Zoom"
dialog box opens, where you can configure several zoom areas for detailed signal
observation.

Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

PROTOCOL

Opens the "Protocol" dialog box which contains the configuration of serial buses
and the settings for decoding the signals.

The key lights up if the decoding of a serial bus is active. You can switch off the
decoded bus using the SIGNAL OFF key.

MASKS

Opens and closes the "Masks" dialog box. Masks are used for error detection and
compliance tests of digital signals.

You can:

●

Configure masks and masks segments

●

Define mask test parameters

●

Configure actions triggered by mask violation

●

Configure the mask display

SEARCH

Opens and closes the "Search" dialog box, where you can:

●

Configure trigger or measurement events to be searched for

●

Limit the search by gating

●

Configure the presentation of search results

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Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

HISTORY

The sample memory contains a number of stored acquisitions before the current
one which is shown in the display. Press the key to open the quick access "His­tory" dialog box, where you can view the stored acquisitions and use them for fur­ther analysis. Press the key again to open the main "History" dialog box with
more settings and information.

The key is illuminated as long as a history acquisition or replay is displayed.

FFT

Opens and closes the FFT setup.

The key lights up if an FFT is active. You can switch off the FFT math waveform
using the SIGNAL OFF key.

3.3.6 Navigation Controls

The rotary knob and the navigation keys provide an alternative way to navigate in
dialog boxes and to enter numeric data.

See also: Chapter 5.7, "Using Dialog Boxes", on page 104

Navigation rotary knob

The navigation knob has various functions:

●

In numeric entry fields: turn to increase or decrease the value.

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●

In tables: press to activate the edit mode, turn clockwise to increase the value
or turn counterclockwise to decrease it, and press to enter the value and
move to the next cell.

●

To set cursor positions, histogram areas, and mask points in input boxes:
press to toggle the parameter, turn clockwise to increase the value or turn
counterclockwise to decrease it.

●

To move zoom area, cursor line, or gate in diagrams: Turn to move the ele­ment that has the focus, and press to toggle the focus.

UNDO

Reverses the last setting actions step by step. Undo is not possible after load and
recall actions, and after creating a reference waveform.

REDO

Recovers the undo steps in reverse order.

Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

ESC

Closes a dialog box or input box.

OK

The OK key has various functions:

●

In usual dialog box, in an opened selection list: the key applies the selected
value.

●

In tables: the key activates the edit mode. If the table cell is in edit mode, the
key confirms the value, quits the edit mode and moves to the next cell.

Field left, Field right

In dialog boxes and tables, the keys move the focus.

In diagrams, the keys switch the focus between zoom areas, cursor lines, and
gates.

Checkmark ☑

The checkmark key ☑ has different functions depending on the focus:

●

In usual dialog box: if the focus is on a selection list, the key opens the list and
applies the selected value.

●

In tables: activates the edit mode.

Tab

The tab key has various functions:

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Instrument Tour

Keys and Controls

●

In a dialog box that has only horizontal tabs, the key switches the horizontal
tabs.

●

In a dialog box that has horizontal and vertical tabs, the key switches the verti­cal tabs preferably. If the focus is on a horizontal tab, it switches the horizontal
tabs.

●

In a table or diagram, the key moves the focus in the same way as the ▶ key.

Up arrow ▲, Down arrow ▼

The up and down arrow keys have the following effects:

●

In numeric edit fields: increase or decrease the parameter value.

●

In tables: scroll vertically through the rows.

●

In dialog boxes, for option buttons in a column: select an option. In an open
selection list, the keys scroll the list.

Left arrow ◀, Right arrow ▶

The left and right arrow keys have the following effects:

●

In edit fields: move the cursor.

●

In tables: scroll horizontally through the columns.

●

In dialog boxes, for option buttons in a row: select an option.

3.3.7 Power Key

The POWER key is located on the lower left corner of the front panel. It starts up
and shuts down the instrument's software.

The light of the key shows the instrument state:

●

Orange: standby, the main power switch is on, the software is shut down.

●

Green: The instrument is ready for operation.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Displaying a Basic Signal

4 Trying Out the Instrument

This chapter introduces the most important functions and settings of the
R&S RTO step by step. The complete description of the functionality and its
usage is given in the "User Manual". Basic instrument operation is described in

Chapter 5, "Operating the Instrument", on page 81.

Prerequisites

●

The instrument is set up, connected to the mains system, and started up as
described in Chapter 2, "Preparing for Use", on page 13.

●

A probe is available.

For these first measurements, you use the internal calibration signal, so you do
not need any additional signal source or instruments. Try out the following:

● Displaying a Basic Signal................................................................................41

● Acquiring Data.................................................................................................43

● Organizing the Display....................................................................................45

● Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position................................................48

● Zooming into the Display.................................................................................52

● Displaying the Waveform History....................................................................55

● Performing Basic Measurements....................................................................56

● Performing a Basic FFT Analysis....................................................................66

● Performing Mathematical Calculations............................................................69

● Performing a Search....................................................................................... 70

● Performing a Mask Test..................................................................................72

● Printing and Saving Screenshots....................................................................75

● Saving Data.....................................................................................................78

4.1 Displaying a Basic Signal

Displaying the input from a signal channel is simple and straightforward. Further­more, you get to know some basic trigger functions. The R&S RTO provides
wide-ranging trigger functions to find various signal anomalies, which are descri­bed in the instrument help and in the "User Manual".

1. Press the PRESET key on the front panel (in the SETUP area on the left).

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2. Connect the probe to the input connector CH 1.

Connect the probe's ground connector to the right compensation pin , and
the tip to the left pin .

The instrument recognizes the probe, and a signal is displayed in the diagram.

3. Press the AUTOSET key on the front panel (in the SETUP area on the left).

Autoset finds appropriate horizontal and vertical scales and trigger conditions
to present a stable square waveform. The trigger is set to edge trigger on ris­ing edge with auto trigger mode.

Trying Out the Instrument

Displaying a Basic Signal

4. If necessary, compensate the passive probe as described in Chapter 6.4,

"Adjusting Passive Probes", on page 115.

5. In the TRIGGER area of the front panel, press the SOURCE key. Press the

key again to switch the trigger source to "C2".

An unstable waveform is displayed. In auto mode, the instrument triggers
repeatedly after a time interval if no real trigger occurs.

6. In the TRIGGER area, press the MODE key.

7. Check the "Trigger" settings in the upper right corner of the screen.

The trigger mode has changed to "Normal". The waveform is no longer
refreshed, and the "Trigger state" message box appears. The instrument can­not find a real trigger event because there is no signal on channel 2.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Acquiring Data

8. Tap the "Undo" icon on the toolbar repeatedly until the trigger mode is "Auto"

and the trigger source is "CH1".

9. Press the SLOPE key to toggle the trigger slope.

Watch the waveform and the "Trigger" settings.

4.2 Acquiring Data

Although you are using only one input channel, you can acquire the calibration
data using three different arithmetic methods and display the results in separate
waveforms.

1. In the HORIZONTAL area, press the ACQUISITION key.

2. In the "Acquisition" tab of the "Horizontal" dialog box, enable all three wave-

forms ("Wfm1", "Wfm2", "Wfm3").
If you cannot see these settings, enable "Multi waveform" in the lower right
corner of the dialog box.

3. For Wfm1, select the "Mode" = Sample and "Wfm Arithmetic" = "Off".

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4. For Wfm2, select the "Wfm Arithmetic" Envelope. The "Decimation" type is

automatically set to Peak detect to display the correct envelope waveform.

5. For Wfm3, select the "Decimation" type High Res and the "Wfm Arithmetic"

Average.

Trying Out the Instrument

Acquiring Data

6. To close the "Horizontal" dialog box, tap .

The three waveforms are displayed in one diagram. The corresponding signal
icons are displayed in the signal bar.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Organizing the Display

4.3 Organizing the Display

Now, the display has become confusing with so many waveforms in one diagram.
You can display each waveform in a separate diagram and then define a useful
label for each diagram. You can also hide diagrams you do not currently need,
and display them later again.

To manage several diagrams

1. Drag the signal icon for "Ch1Wfm2" from the signal bar to the bottom half of

the diagram area.

The SmartGrid appears and a blue area shows where the waveform will be
placed.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Organizing the Display

2. Drag the signal icon for "Ch1Wfm3" to the bottom half of the diagram so that it

covers an area beneath "Ch1Wfm2" and drop it there.

The three waveforms are now displayed in separate diagrams.

3. Rename the diagrams so that the label indicates the diagram content:

a) Double-tap the label for "Diagram 1: Ch1".
b) On the on-screen keyboard, enter Original.
c) Tap OK.

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d) Repeat these steps to rename "Diagram 2: Ch1Wfm2" to Envelope.
e) Rename "Diagram 3: Ch1Wfm3" to Average.

The diagram titles are shown together with the waveform number that is dis­played in the diagram.

4. To change the size of a diagram, drag its horizontal edge to the required posi-

tion.

Trying Out the Instrument

Organizing the Display

To delete waveform diagrams

For the procedures in the following sections, we need only the original waveform
diagram. So we close the other two diagrams.

1. To minimize the waveform in diagram "Envelope: Ch1Wfm2", tap "Mini-

mize" in the "Ch1Wfm2" signal icon.

The diagram is removed and the signal icon in the signal bar displays a live
view of the signal.

2. Tap "Close" in the signal icon for "Ch1Wfm2".

The signal icon is removed from the signal bar, the waveform is switched off.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position

3. Switch off the "Average:Ch1Wfm3" waveform using the toolbar function:

a) Tap the "Delete" icon on the toolbar.

b) Tap the waveform in the "Average: Ch1Wfm3" diagram.

The waveform is switched off, its signal icon and the empty diagram are
removed.

4.4 Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position

As you can see on the y-axis of the display, the calibration signal has a vertical
offset of about 520 mV. The value can differ. This value is also indicated in the
signal icon for channel1 (2nd row).

If you press the CH1 key, the "Vertical" settings dialog box also displays the "Off­set" value. The offset is the DC component of the signal.

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Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position

If you use a passive probe, you can filter the DC component by using the AC cou­pling function. Then you quickly the new trigger level, and try out the scaling func­tions.

Trying Out the Instrument

1. In the VERTICAL area, press the CH1 key.

The "Vertical" dialog box is shown.

2. Change the "Coupling" to "AC".

3. To close the dialog box, tap .

The DC component of the signal is eliminated; the waveform position moves
down vertically and is now centered around 0 V.

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Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position

4. To move the waveform back to the center of the screen, eliminate the offset in

the vertical settings: Press the upper rotary knob in the VERTICAL area (Off­set/Position knob).

The waveform is now displayed in the center of the display, with the x-axis
crossing at 0 V. The waveform might be unstable if the trigger level is above
the waveform.

Note: If this step does not work as described, check the function assignment
of the rotary knob. The second row of the signal label shows the vertical posi­tion on the left and the offset on the right. The white value is assigned to the
rotary knob, while the grey value is not. To change the assignment, use "File"
menu > "Hardkey Setup".

5. Tap the "Find level" icon on the toolbar.

Trying Out the Instrument

The instrument adjusts the trigger level, and a stable waveform is displayed.

6. To examine one pulse in more detail, change the horizontal scale. Try these

methods:

● Touch the screen with two fingers and spread the fingers horizontally.

● Turn the horizontal Scale.

When you turn the knob, the current scale factor per division is displayed in
the lower right corner of the display. You can switch between a small and

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Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position

large step size of the scaling factor by tapping the step icon, or by pressing
the horizontal Scale.

Trying Out the Instrument

7. To return to the original scaling, try the UNDO key in the NAVIGATION area.

Press the UNDO key repeatedly until the original scaling is displayed. Press
the REDO key to retrace the undone steps. Thus, you can toggle between the
two displays using the undo and redo keys until you perform a different action.

Alternatively, you can:

● Touch the screen with two spread fingers and pinch them together in hori­zontal direction.

● Tap the "Undo" icon on the toolbar.

If you use an active single-ended probe, you can measure the DC component of
the signal directly at the probe tip by means of the integrated R&S ProbeMeter:

1. On the "Vertical" menu, tap "Probe Setup".

2. Make sure that the correct channel is selected on the left tab.

3. In the "Additional" section, tap "ProbeMeter".

A result box shows the DC voltage measured by the R&S ProbeMeter.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Zooming into the Display

4.5 Zooming into the Display

Using the SCALE rotary knobs, you can change the scaling of the time base and
signal amplitudes in order to enlarge the waveform. To see more details, use one
of the zoom functions. The instrument has 4 zoom types, 2 of them you try out in
this section.

The usage of zooms is also shown in a short video that is available on the
instrument: "Tutorials > Getting Started > Zoom".

4.5.1 Using the Standard Zoom

1. Restore the default signal channel settings by pressing the PRESET and
AUTOSET keys.

2. On the toolbar, tap the "Zoom" icon.

3. Tap the position in the diagram that you want to define as one corner of the
zoom area. Then drag your finger to the opposite corner of the zoom area.
While you drag your finger on the touchscreen, a dotted rectangle indicates
the current zoom area. When the rectangle covers the required zoom area,
remove your finger.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Zooming into the Display

The indicated area is magnified in a new zoom diagram. The original diagram
indicates the zoom area as a rectangle.

4. To remove the zoom window and make room on the display for other results,
tap "Delete" on the toolbar and then the zoom window.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Zooming into the Display

4.5.2 Using the Fingertip Zoom

1. Tap the "Zoom" icon on the toolbar.

2. In the sidebar, tap "Fingertip zoom".

3. Touch the waveform and move your finger very slowly in horizontal direction.

Tip: You can turn the NAVIGATION knob to change the zoom factor while
holding the waveform.

4. Release the finger when the waveform segment of interest is visible in the
zoom.

5. Tap "Keep" to convert the fingertip zoom into a standard zoom diagram.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Displaying the Waveform History

4.6 Displaying the Waveform History

During a continuous acquisition, the instrument stores the acquired data in the
memory and shows the current acquisition on the display. When the acquisition
was stopped and a new acquisition is started with RUN STOP or SINGLE, the
memory is cleared and written anew. The history accesses and displays the sam­ples that were saved before the current acquisition.

In the following example, you acquire 10 waveforms, and display the 3 most
recent waveforms.

1. In the HORIZONTAL area, press the ACQUISITION key.

The "Horizontal" settings dialog box opens.

2. Set the "Average count" to 10 to perform 10 waveform acquisitions.

3. Close the "Horizontal" dialog box.

4. In the TRIGGER area, press the SINGLE key.

Ten waveform acquisitions are performed. The most recent acquisition is dis­played in the diagram.

5. In the ANALYSIS area, press the HISTORY key.

The quick access "History" dialog box appears, and the history mode is
enabled.

6. Tap "Play".

The ten stored waveforms are displayed one after the other, but very fast.

7. In the "Current acq." field, enter -4 to display the sixth waveform, counted from
acquisition start. The latest acquisition has the number 0, the oldest has -9.

8. Tap to open the "History" setup dialog box.

9. Enter -2 in the "Start acq" field. Tap "Newest" to enter 0 in the "Stop acq" field.

Thus the three latest acquisitions are displayed.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Performing Basic Measurements

10. In the "Replay time per acq." field, enter 1 s to display each waveform for one
second.

11. Enable the "Auto repeat" option to see the three waveforms repeatedly.

12. Tap "Play".
The currently displayed waveform is indicated in the "Current acq." field.

13. Close the "History" dialog box so you can see the waveform better.

14. Tap "Running" to stop the display.
During running display, the "Play" is labeled "Running".

15. Close the quick access "History" dialog box.

The history mode is disabled. The HISTORY key is no longer illuminated.

4.7 Performing Basic Measurements

Using the R&S RTO, you can perform and display different measurements simul­taneously. The color of the results in the result table corresponds with the source
waveform color.

4.7.1 Performing a Cursor Measurement

1. Restore the default signal channel settings: Press the PRESET and
AUTOSET keys.

2. Tap the "Cursor" icon on the toolbar.

3. Draw a rectangle on the screen where you want to place the cursor lines.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Performing Basic Measurements

The cursor lines appear in the diagram and the "Cursor Results" box opens.
The measured waveform values at the cursor positions are displayed.

4. You can move the cursor lines in different ways:

● Touch a cursor line and drag it on the screen.

● Tap a cursor line to activate it. Then turn the NAVIGATION knob to adjust

the position.

● Enter the position values in the result box.

5. To save space in the display, tap "Minimize" in the result box.

The most important results are shown in the result icon.

6. To remove the result icon and make room on the display for other results, tap
the red cross on the icon label.

4.7.2 Performing an Amplitude Measurement

To measure the voltages of a pulse quickly, measure the amplitude in the time
domain.

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1. To restore the default signal channel settings, press the PRESET and
AUTOSET keys.

2. Tap the "Measurement" icon on the toolbar.

3. In the sidebar, select the measurement types, for example, "High", "Low", and
"Amplitude".

Trying Out the Instrument

Performing Basic Measurements

4. Tap the diagram in which you want to measure.

The selected measurement types are enabled, using the selected (focused)
waveform as the source. The "Measurements" result box shows the measured
values.

5. To display statistical results for the measurement, tap in the result box
Alternatively, press the MEAS key in the ANALYSIS area of the front panel.
The "Measurements" dialog box opens.

6. Enable the "Statistics" option.

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7. Tap "Additional Measurements".

8. Select the required measurement types. For example, select also "Min" and
"Max" to display the minimum and maximum values.

Trying Out the Instrument

Performing Basic Measurements

9. Tap "OK". Close the dialog box.

The result box displays all measurement results.

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10. To save space in the display, tap "Minimize" in the result box.

Now you see the first results in the result icon.

11. To view all measurement results without covering part of the waveform dis­play, move the result table to its own diagram area:

Trying Out the Instrument

Performing Basic Measurements

a) Drag the result icon to the diagram area.
b) Drop the icon in the target area.

Now you can see all measurement results and the waveform.

12. Minimize the measurement results display: touch the title of the results dia­gram, and drag it to the signal bar.

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13. Close the result icon.

Trying Out the Instrument

Performing Basic Measurements

4.7.3 Performing and Configuring the Quick Measurement

A set of maximum eight different measurements on one source can be performed
at once, simply by tapping the "Quick measurement" toolbar icon. You can config­ure the measurement types to be included in quick measurement. This way, you
can repeat measurements quickly.

By default, the "Quick measurement" icon is not visible in the toolbar. Therefore,
you first configure the toolbar content.

To add a function to the toolbar

1. On the right of the toolbar, tap the "Toolbar configuration" icon.

2. Enable "Quick meas".

3. Close the dialog box.

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In the following examples, you start a quick measurement and change the mea­surement configuration.

To start the quick measurement

1. Press AUTOSET.

2. Tap the "Quick measurement" icon on the toolbar.

3. Tap the diagram.

The result box shows the results of the default quick measurement.

Trying Out the Instrument

Performing Basic Measurements

To configure the quick measurement

1. To open the "Measurements" dialog box, tap .

2. On the left, select the "Quick Meas" tab (lowest tab).

3. Scroll down in the table and disable the Mean and RMS measurements.

4. Tap "Activate" and select "Period".

Now the result box also shows the result of the period measurement.

5. Tap "Activate" and select "Frequency".

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Trying Out the Instrument

Performing Basic Measurements

Now the result box also shows the result of the frequency measurements.

6. Tap "Set as QuickMeas".

The current configuration is set as default quick measurement and can be
repeated until you save another configuration.

7. Close the dialog box.

8. To save space in the display, minimize the result box:
Do not close the result icon, as you need the results for the search example
(see ).

4.7.4 Displaying a Histogram

Histograms are useful to analyze the occurrence of measurement values statisti­cally.

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The usage of histograms is also shown in a short video that is available on
the instrument: "Tutorials > Getting Started > Histogram".

1. Tap the "Histogram" icon on the toolbar.

2. Tap the diagram in which you want to generate the histogram.

A vertical histogram is defined and displayed.

Trying Out the Instrument

Performing Basic Measurements

Tip: You can also draw a rectangle on the screen to define the area on which
the histogram is to be based. The histogram range is indicated in the diagram.

3. To perform measurements on the histogram, tap the "Measurement" icon on
the toolbar.

4. Tap the histogram.

The waveform count for the histogram is displayed.

5. To display further measurement results for the histogram, tap in the result
box.
Alternatively, you can press the MEAS key on the front panel.

6. In the "Measurements" dialog box, tap "Additional Measurements".

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Performing Basic Measurements

7. Select the required histogram measurement types.

Trying Out the Instrument

8. Tap "OK". Close the dialog box.

The histogram measurement results are displayed in the result box.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Performing a Basic FFT Analysis

9. To remove the histogram, tap the "Delete" icon on the toolbar, and then tap
the histogram.

The histogram and any measurements based on that histogram are deactiva­ted.

4.8 Performing a Basic FFT Analysis

During FFT analysis, a signal in the time domain is converted to a spectrum of
frequencies. A basic spectrum waveform can be displayed quickly.

The usage of FFT is also shown in a short video that is available on the
instrument: "Tutorials > Getting Started > FFT".

1. Restore the default signal channel settings by pressing the AUTOSET key.

2. Tap the "FFT" icon on the toolbar. Then tap the diagram.

A math waveform is configured that uses the "Mag(FFT(x))" operator with
"Ch1Wfm1" as source. The spectrum waveform is displayed in a new dia­gram.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Performing a Basic FFT Analysis

3. To measure the spectrum on the math channel, tap the "Measurement" icon
on the toolbar.

4. Tap the spectrum waveform.

The spectrum measurement results are displayed in a result box.

5. Double-tap the spectrum waveform.

The "FFT Setup" dialog box opens.

6. Set the "Center frequency" to 1 MHz.
The instrument adjusts the frequency span automatically.
Close the dialog box.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Performing a Basic FFT Analysis

7. If the spectrum analysis option R&S RTO-K18 is installed on your instrument,
double-tap the spectrum waveform again.

8. Enable the spectrogram. Close the dialog box.

9. To remove the FFT results, tap the "Delete" icon and then the spectrum wave­form.

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10. Close the "Measurement" result box.

Trying Out the Instrument

Performing Mathematical Calculations

4.9 Performing Mathematical Calculations

In addition to the measured waveforms, you can display calculated data to com­pare the current measurement result with.

For example, you can display the absolute value if the waveform values as a
math waveform.

1. Press AUTOSET.

2. Press the MATH key.

3. In the "Setup" tab, select the "Basic" subtab.

4. Tap the "Source1" icon and select "Ch1Wfm1".

5. Tap the "Operator" icon and select "|x|".

6. Tap "Enable" to display the math waveform.

7. Close the "Math" dialog box.

The original and the math waveforms are displayed. The color of the math
waveform is non-uniform because the instrument applied a color table to it.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Performing a Search

8. Press the DISPLAY key.

9. Disable "Use color table" in the lower area of the dialog box.

10. Close the dialog box.

Now the math waveform has blue color.

11. To remove the math waveform, tap the "Delete" icon and then the math wave­form.

Alternatively, you can tap the signal icon of the math waveform to minimize
the waveform. Then close the signal icon.

4.10 Performing a Search

In the following search, you detect positive and negative overshoots, i.e. values
that exceed the high or low levels. To find these events, you can use the windows
search.

To determine the search conditions, we use the results of the measurement
example described in Chapter 4.7.3, "Performing and Configuring the Quick Mea-

surement", on page 61.

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1. Press the SEARCH key on the front panel (ANALYSIS area).

2. Select "C1" as "Source".

3. Select the search criteria: Enable "Window".

4. In the "Window" tab below, define the search conditions:

a) In the "Upper level" field, enter the result of the "High" level measurement.
b) In the "Lower level" field, enter the result of the "Low" level measurement.
c) As "Vertical condition", select "Exit" to find values that are outside the

range defined by the high and low levels.

Trying Out the Instrument

Performing a Search

5. Select "Enable" to start the continuous search on the acquired data.

6. Close the "Search" dialog box.

7. In the "Search Results" box, select "Show search zoom windows".

The acquisition stops, and the detected overshoots of the last acquisition are
listed in the search result table. The search zoom window shows the last
result that was found. Vertical lines indicate the time values for which a result
was found.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Performing a Mask Test

8. In the results table, tap the row of the search result that you want to display in
the search zoom diagram.

4.11 Performing a Mask Test

In the following example, you perform a mask test to determine whether the sig­nal exceeds a rectangular area.

The usage of masks tests is also shown in a short video that is available on
the instrument: "Tutorials > Getting Started > Mask Test".

1. To restore the default signal channel settings, press PRESET and AUTOSET.

2. Tap the "Masks" icon on the toolbar.

3. Tap the corner points of the first mask segment on the touchscreen. Select
the corner points of one complete pulse, with a minor offset to the inside.

Tip: To create an exact rectangle, draw the diagonal of the rectangle on the
screen.

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4. Tap "Finish segment" in the sidebar.

Trying Out the Instrument

Performing a Mask Test

5. Add another mask segment above the positive pulse:

a) Tap "Add segment" in the sidebar.
b) Tap two points slightly above the pulse.
c) Tap "Finish segment" in the sidebar.

d) Tap in the result box.
e) Select the "Mask Definition" tab.

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f) In the "Region" column of the second mask segment, select "Upper".

Trying Out the Instrument

Performing a Mask Test

6. Select the "Test Definition" tab.

7. Select channel 1 as the "Source".

8. Define the number of tolerable sample hits in the "Violation tolerance" field.

A test has failed if the number of sample hits exceeds the limit of "Violation
tolerance".

9. Select the "Event Action / Reset" tab.

10. For the "Stop acquisition" action, select "On violation".

When the violation tolerance is exceeded, the acquisition stops. The results of
the mask test are shown in the "MaskTest" results box. Mask hits are also
indicated as red points in the mask segment in the diagram.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Printing and Saving Screenshots

11. Press RUN STOP to start the next acquisition and watch the screen.

12. To close the test, tap in the "MaskTest" results box.

4.12 Printing and Saving Screenshots

You can print and save screenshots of the current display to document your
results. In the following examples, you print the current display as a black and
white graphic with inverted colors, i.e. a black waveform is printed on a white
background. Then you save some screenshots using the Camera key.

To print a screenshot

You need a printer that is connected to the instrument. If the instrument is con­nected to the network, you can also use a network printer.

1. Open the "File" menu and tap "Print Setup".

2. Tap "Color" and select "Black and white".

3. Enable "Inverse color".

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Printing and Saving Screenshots

4. Tap the upper left button and select the printer.

5. Tap "Print". The result is a monochrome image.

6. Close the dialog box.

To configure the Camera key

1. Open the "File" menu and tap "Frontpanel Setup".

2. Select the "Hardkeys" tab.

3. Select "Save screenshot".

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Printing and Saving Screenshots

4. Close the dialog box.

To save screenshots

1. Press the key.

2. Change the horizontal scale.

3. Press the key.

The files are saved to the following directory:

C:\Users\Public\Public Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\RTx\
ScreenShots

The default file name is Screenshot_<date>_<index>_<time>.png.

4. To access the saved files, open the "File" menu and tap "Minimize Applica­tion".

5. Double-tap the "User" folder icon on the desktop.

6. Open the ScreenShots folder.

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Trying Out the Instrument

Saving Data

4.13 Saving Data

After a measurement with the R&S RTO, you can save the resulting waveform
data for further evaluation or comparison. You can also save measurement
results, and device settings in order to repeat or restore previous measurements.

●

"Saving waveform data" on page 78

●

"Saving data of an acquisition series" on page 79

●

"Saving measurement results" on page 80

●

"Saving and restoring device settings" on page 80

Saving waveform data

1. Press the SAVE RECALL key on the front panel (in the SETUP area on the
left).

2. Select the "Waveforms/Results" tab.

3. Select the "Waveforms" tab.

4. Check the "Source".

5. Set "Scope" to "Full Waveform".

Tip: If a cursor, zoom or measurement gate is defined, you can use these set­tings to export only a part of the waveform.

6. Under "Save to file", tap "Save As".

7. The file selection dialog box shows the default storage directory:

C:\Users\Public\Public Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\RTx\
RefWaveforms

8. Tap the keyboard icon on the right of the "File Name" field.

9. Enter Waveform1 on the online keyboard

10. Tap "ENTER" to close the online keyboard.

11. Select the file type: "*.bin".

12. Tap "Save".

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The waveform data is saved to the files Waveform1.Wfm.bin and
Waveform1.bin in the selected directory.

Saving data of an acquisition series

1. Press the SAVE RECALL key on the front panel.

2. Select the "Waveforms /Results" tab.

3. Set the export scope of the waveform:

a) Check the "Source".
b) Set "Scope" to "Full Waveform".
c) Tap "Data logging" to enable export all waveforms of a running acquisition.
d) Enter "Acq count" = 10, the number of subsequent waveforms that the

instrument acquires and saves.

Trying Out the Instrument

Saving Data

4. Tap "Start Export" to save the waveforms to file. You can change the file
name in "Save to file".

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Saving measurement results

1. Perform a measurement as described in Chapter 4.7.2, "Performing an Ampli-

tude Measurement", on page 57.

2. Tap in the result box.

3. Tap "Result Export" in the "Setup" tab.

4. Select the "Numeric Results" tab.

5. Select the results that you want to save.

6. For further usage of the results, select the "CSV-Delimiter" that is used to con­vert the values in columns. For MS Excel, the semicolon is recommended.

7. Tap "Save".

The results are saved to the following folder:

C:\Users\Public\Public Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\RTx\
ResultBoxExport

The file name is created according to the autonaming settings.

Trying Out the Instrument

Saving Data

Saving and restoring device settings

1. Press the SAVE RECALL key on the front panel.

2. Select the "Save/Recall" tab.

3. Select the "Settings" tab.

4. Tap "Save As". Enter the path and file name.

C:\Users\Public\Public Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\RTx\
SaveSets\Settings_Meas1.dfl

5. Tap "Save".

6. To restore the default instrument settings, press the PRESET key.

7. To repeat the initial measurement, tap the "Load saveset" icon on the toolbar.

8. Use the buttons on the left and the right to scroll the stored savesets. The file
name and a screenshot help identify the correct saveset.

9. Tap "Load".

The device and measurement settings are restored and you can repeat the
measurement.

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Operating the Instrument

Means of Manual Interaction

5 Operating the Instrument

There are three ways to operate the R&S RTO.

Manual operation

Use the touchscreen, keys and rotary knobs, or an optional mouse and/or key­board. The principles of manual operation are explained in this section.

Remote control

Create programs to automatize repeating settings, tests, and measurements. The
instrument is connected to a computer running the program.

This way of operation is described in the user manual, chapter "Remote Control
Commands".

Remote operation

The remote desktop connection of Windows Embedded Standard 7 can be used
for instrument control and file transfer. Even on computers with non-Windows
operating systems, a remote desktop connection is possible using RDP applica­tions.

See also: User Manual, chapter "Remote Desktop Connection".

Remote monitoring and control of the instrument from a connected computer is
also possible with a standard web browser and a LAN connection using LXI.

See also: User Manual, chapter "Web Control".

Alternatively, you can use Virtual Network Computing (VNC), which requires
installation of the VNC server on the R&S RTO. Installation and configuration are
described in the Application Note "Remote Monitoring and Control of the
R&S RTO with a Web Browser", available on the Rohde & Schwarz Internet.

5.1 Means of Manual Interaction

The R&S RTO provides the following means of manual interaction, which you can
use alternatively or complementary:

●

Touchscreen:

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Operating the Instrument

Touchscreen Display

Using the touchscreen is the most direct interaction way. Use your finger to
place waveforms on the screen, mark areas for zoom and histograms, set
parameters in dialog boxes, enter data, and much more. Most of the control
elements and actions on the screen are based on common concepts, and you
will easily become familiar with the user interface.

Tapping the screen works like clicking mouse buttons:

– Tap = click: Selects a parameter or provokes an action.

– Double-tap = double-click has the same effect as touch and hold = right-

click: Opens the on-screen keyboard or keypad, or a specific editor if avail­able

Use gestures to scale the waveform:

– Spread or pinch two fingers horizontally to change the horizontal scale

(timebase).

– Spread or pinch two fingers vertically to change the vertical scale of the

active waveform.

●

Function keys and rotary knobs:
The front panel provides nearly all functions and controls to operate the instru­ment in the classic ways, without touchscreen. As an exception, the signal bar
cannot be used with front panel controls.

●

Optional mouse and/or keyboard:
These devices work conform to Windows standards. The navigation keys on
the front panel correspond to the keys on the keyboard.

The usage of the touchscreen and navigation keys is described in detail in the fol­lowing sections.

5.2 Touchscreen Display

5.2.1 Information on the Display

The touchscreen display of the instrument shows not only waveforms and mea­surement results, but also information and everything that you need to control the
instrument. All waveform-related display elements are shown in Figure 5-1. An
overview of control elements - like dialog box, toolbar - is given in Figure 5-4 .

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Operating the Instrument

Touchscreen Display

Figure 5-1: Display information

1 = Diagram
2 = Grid
3 = Signal bar with horizontal and trigger label (3a), signal icon with signal label (3b) and signal

icon with minimized live waveform (3c)
4 = Trigger level
5 = Trigger position
6 = Reference point (distance from trigger position to reference point = horizontal position)
7 = Zoom area
8 = Zoom diagram
9 = Histogram area
10 = Histogram
11 = Messages

Diagram (1)

A diagram shows one or more waveforms: channel, reference, and math wave­forms together with histograms, masks etc. Zoom details appear in separate
zoom diagrams, also XY-waveforms appear in separate diagrams.

By default, the diagram name contains the diagram number and the short names
of the waveforms shown inside. To change the diagram name, touch and hold the
tab name. The on-screen keyboard opens to enter the new name. Names must
be unique.

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Operating the Instrument

Touchscreen Display

To arrange the diagrams on the screen, the Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid function
helps you to find the target place simply and quickly. A tabbed view is also possi­ble, and you can adjust the diagram size.

For details, see "To arrange a waveform using the SmartGrid" on page 91.

Grid (2)

The grid shows the vertical and horizontal divisions. The division lines are labeled
with the correspondent values. The grid labels have the color of the waveform to
which they belong. If several waveforms are shown in one diagram, the grid has
the color of the selected waveform.

Signal bar (3)

The signal bar is the control center for all enabled waveforms. On the top, the
horizontal and trigger labels show the main timebase and trigger settings. If you
tap a label, the relevant dialog box opens with the tab used at last.

Figure 5-2: Horizontal and trigger label on top of the signal bar

1 = Resolution and sample rate
2 = Record length
3 = Timebase (horizontal scale)
4 = Horizontal position
5 = RT - real time, IT - interpolated time
6 = Trigger mode
7 = Trigger type, slope or polarity, source for A-event and B-event
8 = Trigger level

Below, each waveform is represented by a signal icon. For each waveform that is
shown in a diagram, a signal icon displays the signal label with its main vertical
and acquisition settings. If you tap the "Minimize" icon on the signal label, the
waveform switches from the diagram area to the signal icon: the icon shows the
real-time preview of the waveform. If you tap a label, the dialog box with vertical
settings for this waveform opens. See Chapter 5.4, "Working with Waveforms",
on page 89 for a detailed description.

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Operating the Instrument

Touchscreen Display

In Figure 5-1, the signal icons Ch1Wfm1 and Ch2Wfm1 show the signal label,
and the waveforms are displayed in diagrams. All other waveforms are minimized
and shown in the signal view.

Figure 5-3: Signal label on the signal bar

1 = Vertical scale
2 = Vertical position
3 = Coupling
4 = Decimation
5 = Offset
6 = Actual bandwidth, can be less than the instrument bandwidth depending on the number of

active channels and other settings

If the signal bar contains many icons and not all icons are visible, touch one of the
icons and move it up or down until the required icon appears. You can also switch
off the signal bar: "Display" menu > "Diagram Layout" > "Show signal bar".

Trigger position and trigger level (4, 5)

The blue markers show the horizontal position of the trigger and the vertical trig­ger level. You can touch and move the trigger markers in the diagram to set the
positions. The trigger point is the zero point of the diagram.

The trigger position can be moved outside the diagram. A red trigger position
marker indicates that the trigger position is not visible.

Reference point (6)

The reference point marks the rescaling center. If you modify the time scale, the
reference point remains fixed on the screen, and the scale is stretched or com­pressed to both sides of the reference point.

You can define the position of the reference point (Horizontal), and its time dis­tance from the trigger point of the diagram (Position).

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Operating the Instrument

Touchscreen Display

Zoom diagram and zoom area (7, 8)

Zoomed waveforms are shown in separate zoom diagrams, in addition to the
waveform diagrams. On the original waveform diagram, a rectangle indicates the
zoomed section of the waveform - this is the zoom area. You can modify the
zoom area by dragging the rectangle as a whole, and by dragging its edges. To
toggle between these modes, tap the zoom area. You can also set exact posi­tions.

The frames of the zoom area and of the associated zoom diagram have the same
color, different zooms are marked with different colors. So it is easy to assign
zoom area and zoom diagram.

As for waveform diagrams, you can change the name of the zoom diagram. A
zoom in a zoom and coupled zooms are also possible.

All zooming possibilities are described in detail in the "User Manual", chapter
"Zoom".

Histogram and histogram area (9, 10)

A histogram shows the frequency of occurrence of voltage or time values in a bar
chart directly in the diagram. The rectangular histogram area indicates the part of
the waveform that is considered in the histogram. The vertical histogram counts
the voltage values, and the horizontal histogram counts time values. You can
switch between vertical and horizontal mode, and modify the histogram area by
dragging the rectangle as a whole, by dragging its edges, or by setting exact posi­tions.

Messages (11)

A yellow or red button on the toolbar points to the status messages of the instru­ment. To open the message box, tap the button. See also: Chapter 5.9, "Mes-

sages", on page 108.

5.2.2 Control Elements on the Touchscreen

The touchscreen provides everything you need to control the instrument, to ana­lyze waveforms, and to get measurement results. Figure 5-4 shows the control
elements on a glance.

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Operating the Instrument

Touchscreen Display

Figure 5-4: Control elements on the touchscreen

1 = Toolbar
2 = Signal bar, see "Signal bar (3)" on page 84
3 = Menu bar
4 = Dialog box
5 = Tab in a dialog box
6 = Result box
7 = Input box

Toolbar (1)

The icons on the toolbar provide quick and easy access to the most important
functionality. For a detailed description, refer to Chapter 5.5, "Toolbar",
on page 93.

Menu bar (3)

The menus provide access to the complete functionality of R&S RTO.

Dialog box (4, 5)

The tabs of the dialog boxes contain all task-oriented settings and operations,
and black buttons for calling related tabs. The usage of dialog boxes is described
in Chapter 5.7, "Using Dialog Boxes", on page 104.

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Operating the Instrument

App Cockpit

Result box (6)

If you perform manual or automatic measurements, mask testing, or a search, the
result box shows the results of the action. Similar to waveform diagrams, you can
minimize the result box to a result icon on the signal bar, and display results in a
separate diagram on the screen. The icon opens the corresponding dialog
box to adjust the settings.

For details, see Chapter 5.6, "Displaying Results", on page 102.

Input box (7)

The input box appears if you adjust a value using one of the rotary knobs, or if
you drag an element on the screen, for example, a cursor line. The input box
shows the current value of the modified parameter. You can enter the exact
numerical value, change the step size, and - if available - autoset the value
directly in the input box. The box title shows the name of the currently adjusted
parameter. The input box is helpful when using the multi-function rotary knobs, for
example, INTENSITY, and RESOLUTION / RECORD LENGTH.

See also: Chapter 5.8, "Entering Data", on page 106.

5.3 App Cockpit

The app cockpit provides fast access to all available applications.

► To open the app cockpit:

● Tap in the menu.

● Press the key in the ANALYSIS section of the frontpanel.

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Operating the Instrument

Working with Waveforms

5.4 Working with Waveforms

The R&S RTO can create and display several types of waveforms:

●

Channel waveforms:
Up to three waveforms per input channel can be shown. For a four-channel
instrument, 12 channel waveforms are available.

●

Reference waveforms:
Four waveforms can be used as reference for comparison and analysis.

●

Math waveforms:
Four mathematic waveforms can be created with mathematic operations per­formed on channel, reference, and other math waveforms.

●

Zoom waveforms:
Show the details of waveforms.

●

XY-waveforms:
Four XY-waveforms can be created. Each XY-waveform is built from the volt­age values of two source waveforms.

●

Digital waveforms:
The Mixed Signal Option R&S RTO-B1 provides 16 digital channels grouped
in two logic probes (pods) with 8 channels each.

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Waveform handling

The R&S RTO can show and analyze many waveforms. To handle this multitude
while keeping track of it, the R&S RTO provides intelligent support:

●

The color system helps to distinguish the waveforms. The color of the vertical
rotary knobs indicates the signal that is focused (selected). The color of each
waveform can be changed, the color of its signal icon and of the illuminated
keys is adjusted to the new color. Alternatively, a color table can be assigned
to a waveform. Settings: DISPLAY > "Signal Colors / Persistence" tab.

●

Waveforms can be minimized to signal icons showing a small real-time signal
view. Thus, more space in the diagram area is available without switching off
waveforms.

●

Diagrams are displayed on tabs – you can arrange them side by side or one
above the other. To change the diagram name, double-tap the tab name.

●

The Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid function helps to arrange the diagrams.

Operating the Instrument

Working with Waveforms

Waveform states

Depending on its place on the screen and the effect of settings, a waveform has
one of the following states:

●

Off

●

Active:
The waveform is shown in a diagram

●

Selected:
One of the active waveforms that has the focus. In each diagram, one of the
assigned waveforms is selected – it appears "on top" in the diagram, and the
grid labels have the color of the selected waveform. Some of the toolbar func­tions, like cursor and histogram measurements are performed on the selected
waveform. All waveform-specific settings are applied to the selected waveform
of the selected diagram. The vertical POSITION and SCALE knobs, and the
SIGNAL OFF key are illuminated with the color of the selected waveform.
In Figure 5-1, "Ch1Wfm1" is the selected waveform: The frame of the diagram
and the signal icon are highlighted.

●

Minimized:
The waveform is shown as real-time signal view in its signal icon.

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To switch a waveform on

A channel waveform is activated as soon as you connect the probe. You can
switch it on and off according to your needs.

► Choose one of the following ways:

● Press the channel key.

● In the "Vertical" dialog box, select the channel and tap the "Show channel"
button.

The waveform is now active, selected, and is shown in the diagram.

To select a waveform

► Choose one of the following ways:

Operating the Instrument

Working with Waveforms

● Tap the waveform in the waveform diagram.

● To select a channel, reference, or math waveform, press the correspond­ing key.

● Tap the signal icon.

Note: Zoom waveforms in zoom diagrams cannot be selected.

To minimize a waveform

► Choose on of the following ways:

● Tap the "Minimize" icon in the upper right corner of the waveform's signal
label in the signal bar.

● Drag the waveform from the diagram to the signal bar.

The waveform disappears from the diagram and the minimized signal view is
shown in the signal icon.

Tip: To set the waveform back to its previous diagram immediately, use
"Undo".

To arrange a waveform using the SmartGrid

You can arrange waveforms in one of the existing diagrams, or in a new diagram.

The usage of the SmartGrid is also shown in a short video that is available on the
instrument: "Tutorials > Getting Started > SmartGrid".

1. Drag the signal icon to the diagram area, and move it around.

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R&S®RTO2000

The Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid appears and a blue area shows where the
waveform will be placed.

2. Drop the waveform in the target area.
The waveform appears in an existing or in a new diagram, and it is selected
for further actions.

Operating the Instrument

Working with Waveforms

3. To change the size of the new diagram, drag its edge to the required position.

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