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®
R&S
RTE
Oscilloscope
Getting Started
(=J:J2)
1326102602
Version 08
Getting Started
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This manual describes the following R&S®RTE models with firmware version 4.60
and higher:
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R&S®RTE1022: 200 MHz, 2 channels (1326.2000K22 and 1317.2500K22)
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R&S®RTE1024: 200 MHz, 4 channels (1326.2000K24 and 1317.2500K24)
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R&S®RTE1032: 350 MHz, 2 channels (1326.2000K32 and 1317.2500K32)
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R&S®RTE1034: 350 MHz, 4 channels (1326.2000K34 and 1317.2500K34)
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R&S®RTE1052: 500 MHz, 2 channels (1326.2000K52 and 1317.2500K52)
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R&S®RTE1054: 500 MHz, 4 channels (1326.2000K54 and 1317.2500K54)
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R&S®RTE1102: 1 GHz, 2 channels (1326.2000K62 and 1317.2500K02)
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R&S®RTE1104: 1 GHz, 4 channels (1326.2000K64 and 1317.2500K04)
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R&S®RTE1152: 1,5 GHz, 2 channels (1326.2000K72)
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R&S®RTE1154: 1,5 GHz, 4 channels (1326.2000K74)
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R&S®RTE1202: 2 GHz, 2 channels (1326.2000K82)
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R&S®RTE1204: 2 GHz, 4 channels (1326.2000K84)
© 2019 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany
Phone: +49 89 41 29 - 0
Fax: +49 89 41 29 12 164
Email: [email protected]
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
1326.1026.02 | Version 08 | R&S®RTE
Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol , e.g.
R&S®RTE is indicated as R&S RTE.
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R&S®RTE
Contents
1 Safety Information................................................................. 5
2 Preface....................................................................................6
2.1 Key Features......................................................................................... 6
2.2 Documentation Overview.....................................................................7
2.3 Conventions Used in the Documentation...........................................9
3 Preparing for Use.................................................................10
3.1 Unpacking and Checking the Instrument......................................... 10
3.2 Positioning the Instrument.................................................................11
Contents
3.3 Starting the Instrument...................................................................... 13
3.4 Connecting External Devices............................................................ 15
4 Instrument Tour................................................................... 19
4.1 Front Panel.......................................................................................... 19
4.2 Rear Panel........................................................................................... 22
4.3 Keys and Controls.............................................................................. 25
5 Trying Out the Instrument...................................................37
5.1 Displaying a Basic Signal.................................................................. 37
5.2 Acquiring Data.................................................................................... 39
5.3 Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position................................ 40
5.4 Zooming into the Display................................................................... 46
5.5 Displaying the Waveform History......................................................48
5.6 Showing Basic Measurement Results.............................................. 50
5.7 Performing a Basic FFT Analysis......................................................58
5.8 Performing Mathematical Calculations.............................................60
5.9 Performing a Search...........................................................................62
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R&S®RTE
5.10 Performing a Mask Test......................................................................63
5.11 Printing and Saving Screenshots......................................................66
5.12 Saving Data......................................................................................... 69
Contents
6 Operating the Instrument....................................................72
6.1 Means of Manual Interaction..............................................................72
6.2 Touchscreen Display.......................................................................... 73
6.3 App Cockpit.........................................................................................79
6.4 Working with Waveforms................................................................... 80
6.5 Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid............................................................. 83
6.6 Using the Signal bar........................................................................... 84
6.7 Toolbar................................................................................................. 86
6.8 Displaying Results..............................................................................94
6.9 Using Dialog Boxes............................................................................ 96
6.10 Entering Data.......................................................................................98
6.11 Messages...........................................................................................100
6.12 Getting Information and Help.......................................................... 101
7 Setting Up the Instrument.................................................104
7.1 Performing a Self-alignment............................................................ 104
7.2 Aligning the Touchscreen................................................................ 105
7.3 Setting the Display Language..........................................................105
7.4 Adjusting Passive Probes................................................................106
8 Contacting Customer Support......................................... 107
Index................................................................................... 108
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R&S®RTE
Safety Information
1 Safety Information
The product documentation helps you use the R&S RTE safely and efficiently.
Follow the instructions provided here and in the printed "Basic Safety Instructions". Keep the product documentation nearby and offer it to other users.
Intended use
The R&S RTE is intended for the development, production and verification of
electronic components and devices in industrial, administrative, and laboratory
environments. Use the R&S RTE only for its designated purpose. Observe the
operating conditions and performance limits stated in the data sheet.
Where do I find safety information?
Safety information is part of the product documentation. It warns you about the
potential dangers and gives instructions how to prevent personal injuries or damage caused by dangerous situations. Safety information is provided as follows:
●
The printed "Basic Safety Instructions" provide safety information in many languages and are delivered with the R&S RTE.
●
Throughout the documentation, safety instructions are provided when you
need to take care during setup or operation.
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R&S®RTE
Key Features
2 Preface
2.1 Key Features
The R&S RTE oscilloscope provides fast signal acquisition and analysis:
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1 million waveforms per second waveform acquisition rate
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Bandwidth up to 2 GHz, memory depth of 50 MSa per channel
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Highly accurate digital trigger system
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Very low noise floor
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Precise measurements due to single-core A/D converter
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High measurement speed, even for complex analysis functions
Preface
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High-quality line of probes
For a detailed specification refer to the data sheet.
The R&S RTE oscilloscope brings various benefits in your daily work:
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Find rare signal faults quickly with no trade-offs for measurement and analysis
due to highest acquisition rate and shortest blind time.
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Access and analyze prior waveforms in the memory using the history function
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Get fastest results even with maximum data with hardware-accelerated processing: mathematical operations, mask tests, histograms, automatic and cursor measurements, and spectrum display.
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Capture closest successive events with the real-time digital trigger system. It
works with high trigger sensitivity at full bandwidth and very low trigger jitter.
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See signal details at your fingertip with fingertip zoom
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Get key measurement results at the push of a button with Quick Measurement
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Easy to use:
– Smart and straightforward user guidance
– Color-coded control elements for clear identification
– Signal icons with drag & drop functionality
– Toolbar with frequently used functionality
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Use various options for triggering and decoding of serial protocols, MSO
option, high resolution, and more.
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R&S®RTE
Documentation Overview
Preface
2.2 Documentation Overview
This section provides an overview of the R&S RTE user documentation.
2.2.1 Manuals and Instrument Help
You find the manuals on the product page at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/rte
Getting started manual
Introduces the R&S RTE and describes how to set up and start working with the
instrument, and describes basic operations. A printed English version is included
in the delivery. Editions in other languages are available on the product website.
Instrument help
The help offers quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the
firmware basic functionality and applications.
User manual
Describes all instrument functions in detail. It also provides an introduction to
remote control, a complete description of the remote control commands with programming examples, and information on maintenance and instrument interfaces.
Includes the contents of the getting started manual.
The online version of the user manual provides the complete contents for immediate display on the internet.
Basic safety instructions
Contains safety instructions, operating conditions and further important information. The printed document is delivered with the instrument.
Instrument security procedures manual
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S RTE in secure areas.
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R&S®RTE
Documentation Overview
Service Manual
Describes the performance test for checking the rated specifications, module
replacement, firmware update, troubleshooting and fault elimination, and contains
mechanical drawings and spare part lists. The service manual is available for registered users on the global Rohde & Schwarz information system (GLORIS,
https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com).
Preface
2.2.2 Data Sheet and Brochure
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S RTE. It also lists
the options with their order numbers and optional accessories. The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific characteristics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/rte
2.2.3 Release Notes, Open Source Acknowledgment
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current firmware version, and describe the firmware installation. The open source
acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the used open
source software. It can also be read directly on the instrument.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/rte.
2.2.4 Application notes, Application cards, Videos
These documents deal with special applications or background information on
particular topics.
See www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/rte and Oscilloscopes Application Vid-
eos - Media Center
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R&S®RTE
Conventions Used in the Documentation
2.3 Conventions Used in the Documentation
2.3.1 Typographical Conventions
The following text markers are used throughout this documentation:
Convention Description
Preface
"Graphical user interface
elements"
[Keys] Key and knob names are enclosed by square brackets.
Filenames, commands,
program code
Input Input to be entered by the user is displayed in italics.
Links Links that you can click are displayed in blue font.
"References" References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by
All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen,
such as dialog boxes, menus, options, buttons, and softkeys are
enclosed by quotation marks.
Filenames, commands, coding samples and screen output are
distinguished by their font.
quotation marks.
2.3.2 Conventions for Procedure Descriptions
When operating the instrument, several alternative methods may be available to
perform the same task. In this case, the procedure using the touchscreen is
described. Any elements that can be activated by touching can also be clicked
using an additionally connected mouse. The alternative procedure using the keys
on the instrument or the on-screen keyboard is only described if it deviates from
the standard operating procedures.
The term "select" may refer to any of the described methods, i.e. using a finger on
the touchscreen, a mouse pointer in the display, or a key on the instrument or on
a keyboard.
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R&S®RTE
Unpacking and Checking the Instrument
Preparing for Use
3 Preparing for Use
This section describes the basic steps to be taken when setting up the R&S RTE
for the first time.
Risk of instrument damage due to inappropriate operating conditions
An unsuitable operating site or test setup can damage the instrument and
connected devices. Before switching on the instrument, observe the information on appropriate operating conditions provided in the data sheet. In
particular, ensure the following:
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All fan openings are unobstructed and the airflow perforations are unimpeded. A minimum distance of 10 cm to other objects is recommended.
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The instrument is dry and shows no sign of condensation.
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The instrument is positioned as described in the following sections.
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The ambient temperature does not exceed the range specified in the
data sheet.
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Signal levels at the input connectors are all within the specified ranges.
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Signal outputs are connected correctly and are not overloaded.
3.1 Unpacking and Checking the Instrument
To remove the instrument from its packaging and check the equipment for completeness, proceed as follows:
1. Pull off the polyethylene protection pads from the instrument's rear feet.
2. Carefully remove the pads from the instrument handles at the front.
3. Pull off the corrugated cardboard cover that protects the rear of the instrument.
4. Carefully unthread the corrugated cardboard cover at the front that protects
the instrument handles and remove it.
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R&S®RTE
Positioning the Instrument
5. Check the equipment for completeness using the delivery note and the accessory lists for the various items.
6. Check the instrument for any damage. If there is damage, immediately contact
the carrier who delivered the instrument. Make sure not to discard the box and
packing material.
Packing material
Retain the original packing material. If the instrument needs to be transported or shipped later, you can use the material to protect the control elements and connectors.
Preparing for Use
3.2 Positioning the Instrument
The instrument is designed for use under laboratory conditions. It can be used in
standalone operation on a bench top or can be installed in a rack.
3.2.1 Bench Top Operation
For standalone operation, place the instrument on a horizontal bench with even,
flat surface. The instrument can be used in horizontal position, standing on its
feet, or with the support feet on the bottom extended.
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R&S®RTE
Preparing for Use
Positioning the Instrument
Risk of injury if feet are folded out
The feet can fold in if they are not folded out completely or if the instrument
is shifted. This can cause damage or injury.
●
Fold the feet completely in or out to ensure stability of the instrument.
Never shift the instrument when the feet are folded out.
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When the feet are folded out, do not work under the instrument or place
anything underneath.
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The feet can break if they are overloaded. The overall load on the folded-out feet must not exceed 200 N.
F
max
Risk of injury when stacking instruments insecurely
Never stack instruments on top of each other. The instrument's top surface
area is too small to stack multiple instruments. Stacked instruments can tilt
over and cause injury or damage the instrument.
If you need to stack instruments, install them in a rack.
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R&S®RTE
Preparing for Use
Starting the Instrument
3.2.2 Rackmounting
The instrument can be installed in a rack using a rack adapter kit. The order number is given in the data sheet. The installation instructions are part of the adapter
kit.
Risk of instrument damage due to insufficient airflow in a rack
If you mount several instruments in a rack, you need an efficient ventilation
concept to ensure that the instruments do not overheat. Insufficient airflow
for a longer period can disturb the operation and even cause damage.
3.3 Starting the Instrument
Risk of injury
Connect the oscilloscope to an outlet that has a ground contact.
If grounding is not ensured by the mains system, ground the oscilloscope
using the protective earth conductor on the front panel and an appropriate
cable.
Do not use an isolating transformer to connect the oscilloscope to the AC
power supply.
3.3.1 Powering On and Off
The R&S RTE can be used with different AC power voltages and adapts itself
automatically to it.
The nominal ranges are:
●
100 V to 240 V AC at 50 Hz to 60 Hz and 400 Hz
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max. 3.3 A to 1.5 A
●
max. 300 W
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R&S®RTE
To power on
1. Connect the power cable to the AC power connector on the rear panel of the
R&S RTE.
2. Connect the power cable to the socket outlet.
3. Switch the main power switch at the rear of the instrument to position I.
The power key on the front panel lights up.
Before you start measurements, be sure to comply with the warm-up phase
specified in the data sheet.
If you leave the main power switch on, the instrument is in standby mode. To disconnect from power supply, power off the instrument. Powering off is only
required if the instrument must be disconnected from all power supplies.
To power off
Preparing for Use
Starting the Instrument
1. If the instrument is running and the [POWER] key is green, press the
[POWER] key on the front panel to shut down the instrument.
2. Switch the main power switch at the rear of the instrument to position 0.
3. Disconnect the AC power cable from the AC power supply.
Risk of losing data
If you switch off the running instrument using the rear panel switch or by
disconnecting the power cord, the instrument loses its current settings. Furthermore, program data can be lost.
Press the POWER key first to shut down the application properly.
3.3.2 Starting Up and Shutting Down
The [POWER] key is located in the bottom left corner of the front panel.
To start up the instrument
1. Make sure that the R&S RTE is connected to the AC power supply and the
main power switch on the rear panel is in position I.
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R&S®RTE
Connecting External Devices
2. Press the [POWER] key on the front panel.
The instrument performs a system check, boots the Windows operating system, and then starts the R&S RTE firmware.
The [POWER] key turns green and the illuminated keys on the front panel
light up. If the previous session was terminated regularly, the oscilloscope
uses the last settings.
To shut down the instrument
► Press the [POWER] key on the front panel.
All current settings are saved, and the software shuts down. The [POWER]
key turns orange. The standby power supplies only the power switch circuits.
Now it is safe to power off the instrument.
The "Exit" function in the "File" menu shuts down only the firmware application. To
shut down the instrument completely, also shut down the operating system in the
"Start" menu, or use the [POWER] key.
Preparing for Use
3.3.3 EMI Suppression
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) may affect the measurement results.
To suppress generated Electromagnetic Interference:
●
Use suitable shielded cables of high quality. For example use double-shielded
RF and LAN cables.
●
Always terminate open cable ends.
●
Note the EMC classification in the data sheet.
3.4 Connecting External Devices
The following interfaces for external devices are provided:
●
USB connectors at the front and rear panel of the instrument
●
Monitor connector DVI-D at the rear panel of the instrument
● Connecting USB Devices................................................................................16
● Connecting an External Monitor......................................................................17
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R&S®RTE
Connecting External Devices
Preparing for Use
3.4.1 Connecting USB Devices
The USB interfaces on the front and rear panels allow you to connect USB devices directly to the instrument. The number of USB connectors can be increased
by using USB hubs. Due to the large number of available USB devices, there is
almost no limit to the expansions that are possible with the R&S RTE.
The following USB devices can be useful, for example:
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USB flash drives to save screenshots and measurement results, and for easy
installation of firmware applications
●
Keyboard and/or mouse to simplify the operation and the entry of data, comments, filenames, etc.
●
Printer to print measurement results and screenshots
You can connect or disconnect all USB devices during operation of the instrument.
Installing USB devices on R&S RTE is easy under the Windows operating system, because all USB devices are plug&play. After a device is connected to the
USB interface, Windows automatically searches for a suitable device driver.
If the operating system does not find a suitable driver, it prompts you to specify a
directory that contains the driver software. If the driver software is on a storage
media, connect the appropriate drive to the instrument before proceeding. If the
instrument is integrated in a network, you can also install driver data stored in a
network directory.
When a USB device is disconnected from the R&S RTE, Windows immediately
detects the change in hardware configuration and deactivates the corresponding
driver.
The properties of external USB devices are configured in the operating system,
not in the R&S RTE software. It is recommended that you use mouse and keyboard to access and modify the settings of the Windows operating system. To
access Windows, press the Windows key on the external keyboard, or select
"File" > "Minimize Application" on the R&S RTE menu.
Connecting a USB flash drive
If the installation of a USB flash drive is successful, Windows informs you that the
device is ready to use. The device is made available as a new drive ("D:") and is
displayed in Windows Explorer. The name of the drive depends on the manufacturer.
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R&S®RTE
Connecting External Devices
Connecting a keyboard
The keyboard is detected automatically when it is connected. The default input
language is English – US.
To configure the keyboard properties:
1. Tap the "Find" icon (magnifier) on the Windows taskbar.
2. Type keybord.
3. Select "Edit language and keyboard options".
Connecting a mouse
The mouse is detected automatically when it is connected. To configure the
mouse properties:
1. Tap the "Find" icon (magnifier) on the Windows taskbar.
Preparing for Use
2. Type mouse.
3. Select "Mouse settings".
Connecting a printer
When printing a file, the instrument checks whether a printer is connected and
turned on, and whether the appropriate printer driver is installed. If necessary,
printer driver installation is initiated by the Windows system. To install a printer
driver:
1. Tap the "Find" icon (magnifier) on the Windows taskbar.
2. Type printer.
3. Select "Printers & scanners".
4. Select "Add a printer or scanner".
3.4.2 Connecting an External Monitor
You can connect an external monitor or projector to the R&S RTE. The following
connectors are available:
●
"MONITOR (DVI-D)" on page 24
Before connecting an external monitor, ensure that the monitor and the R&S RTE
are connected to a ground contact. Otherwise the instrument can be damaged.
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R&S®RTE
Connecting External Devices
After connecting an additional monitor or projector to the instrument, configure it
for usage. The relevant settings are Windows settings but you can configure the
displays directly in the instrument setup.
1. Check the input type of the monitor or projector. Make sure to select the correct cable. To use a VGA monitor, you need an active DVI-D to VGA adapter.
2. Press the [SETUP] key.
3. Select the "System" tab.
4. Tap "Display / Monitors".
5. To show the instrument's display content only on the external monitor, select
"Projector only".
To show the instrument's display content on both the oscilloscope and the
external monitor, select "Duplicate".
Preparing for Use
The touchscreen of the R&S RTE has a screen resolution of 1024 x 768 pixel.
Most external monitors have a higher screen resolution. If the screen resolution of
the monitor is set higher than the instrument's resolution, the application window
uses a 1024 x 768 area of the monitor display. For full screen display, adjust the
monitor's screen resolution using "Additional display settings".
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R&S®RTE
Instrument Tour
Front Panel
4 Instrument Tour
This chapter describes the front and rear panels of the instrument including all
function keys and connectors, and also the touchscreen with its control elements.
4.1 Front Panel
The front panel of the R&S RTE is shown in Figure 4-1. The function keys are
grouped in functional blocks to the left and the right of the touchscreen. Below the
screen, various connectors are located.
Figure 4-1: Front panel of R&S RTE1104 with 4 input channels
1 = Touchscreen
2 = [SETUP] controls
3 = [HORIZONTAL] controls
4 = [TRIGGER] controls
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R&S®RTE
5 = [ANALYSIS] controls
6 = [VERTICAL] controls
7 = [NAVIGATION] controls
8 = [POWER] key
9 = USB 2.0 connectors
10 = Connectors for probe compensation
11 = Input channels
12 = External trigger input
Instrument damage caused by cleaning agents
Cleaning agents contain substances such as solvents (thinners, acetone,
etc.), acids, bases, or other substances. Solvents can damage the front
panel labeling, plastic parts, or screens, for example.
Never use cleaning agents to clean the outside of the instrument. Use a
soft, dry, lint-free dust cloth instead.
Instrument Tour
Front Panel
4.1.1 Input Connectors
The R&S RTE has two or four channel inputs to connect the input signals, and an
external trigger input to control the measurement by an external signal.
The input connectors are provided with a special Rohde & Schwarz active probe
interface, and they are BNC compatible. Thus, the instrument can automatically
detect passive probes with standard BNC connector and active Rohde & Schwarz
probes having the Rohde & Schwarz probe interface.
The input impedance is selectable, the values are 50 Ω and 1 MΩ.
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R&S®RTE
Risk of electrical shock or fire
Voltages higher than 30 V RMS or 42 V peak or 60 V DC are regarded as
hazardous contact voltages. When working with hazardous contact voltages, use appropriate protective avoid electrical shock and injuries:
●
Ground the instrument.
●
Use only insulated probes, cables, test leads and adapters.
●
Do not touch voltages higher than 30 V RMS or 42 V peak or 60 V DC.
Risk of injury and instrument damage
Instrument Tour
Front Panel
The instrument is not rated for any measurement category.
Make sure that the input voltage on channel inputs does not exceed
200 V peak, 150 V RMS at 1 MΩ input impedance and 5 V RMS at 50 Ω
input impedance.
Transient overvoltages must not exceed 200 V peak.
When performing measurements in circuits with transient overvoltages of
category II, III or IV circuits, make sure that no such overvoltages reach the
R&S RTE input. Therefore, use only probes that comply with DIN EN
61010-031. When performing measurements in category II, III or IV circuits,
it is mandatory to insert a probe that appropriately reduces the voltage so
that no transient overvoltages higher than 200 V peak are applied to the
instrument. For detailed information, refer to the documentation and safety
information of the probe manufacturer.
For the external trigger input, the maximum input voltage is 30 V RMS at
1 MΩ input impedance and 5 V RMS at 50 Ω input impedance. For further
specifications, refer to the data sheet.
Explanation: According to section AA.2.4 of EN 61010-2-030, measuring
circuits without any measurement category are intended for measurements
on circuits which are not connected to the mains system.
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R&S®RTE
Instrument Tour
Rear Panel
4.1.2 Other Front Panel Connectors
Besides the input connectors, the instrument has USB connectors and probe
compensation connectors at the front panel.
[USB]
Two USB type A connectors that comply with standard USB 2.0. They are used to
connect devices like keyboard, mouse, printer and USB flash drive.
Note: Electromagnetic interference (EMI) can affect the measurement results. To
avoid any impact, do not use USB connecting cables exceeding 1 m.
PROBE COMPENSATION
Probe compensation terminal to support adjustment of passive probes to the
oscilloscope channel.
Protective earth conductor for grounding the instrument.
Square wave signal for probe compensation, 1 kHz and 1 Vpp.
Ground connector for probes.
4.2 Rear Panel
Figure 4-2 shows the rear panel of the R&S RTE with its connectors.
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R&S®RTE
Instrument Tour
Rear Panel
Figure 4-2: Rear panel view of R&S RTE
1 = AC power supply connector and main power switch
2 = USB connectors
3 = LAN connector
4 = DVI-D connector for external monitor
5 = Optional exchangeable solid state disk (SSD), option R&S RTE-B18
6 = External trigger output
7 = Reference input/output
8 = Slot for hardware option: mixed signal option R&S RTE-B1 (shown in picture), or waveform
generator R&S RTE-B6, or GPIB connector R&S RTE-B10)
9 = Kensington lock slot to secure the instrument against theft
10 = Lugs to attach the accessory bag
AC power supply connector and main power switch
Connection to the AC power line. The R&S RTE can be used with different AC
power voltages and adapts itself automatically to it. The nominal voltage and frequency ranges are displayed on the rear panel and quoted in the data sheet.
If grounding is not ensured by the mains system, ground the oscilloscope using
the protective earth conductor on the front panel and an appropriate cable.
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R&S®RTE
When you power up the instrument, be sure to comply with the warm-up phase
specified in the data sheet before you start measurements.
USB
Two USB type A connectors that comply with standard USB 3.0. They are used to
connect devices like keyboard, mouse, printer, and flash drive to store and reload
instrument settings and measurement data.
Note: Electromagnetic interference (EMI) can affect the measurement results. To
avoid any impact, do not use USB connecting cables exceeding 1 m.
LAN
8-pin RJ-45 connector used to connect the instrument to a Local Area Network
(LAN). It supports up to 1000 Mbit/s (10/100/1000BASE-T Ethernet).
MONITOR (DVI-D)
Digital connector for an external monitor or projector. The monitor shows the complete content of the instrument's screen.
Instrument Tour
Rear Panel
TRIGGER OUTPUT
The SMA connector for external trigger output is used to provide the internal trigger signal of the oscilloscope to trigger other instruments for synchronized measurements.
When a trigger occurs, the R&S RTE creates a pulse of 5 V with a source impedance of 50 Ω and delivers it to the external trigger output. The instrument can
also send the pulse on mask test violation or violation of measurement limits and
margins.
If the connector is terminated with 50 Ω, the signal level is 2.5 V (50 mA). With
1 MΩ termination, the level is 5 V. A short-circuit of the connector to ground creates current of 100 mA.
To enable the trigger out signal, select "Trigger" menu > "Ctrl/Action". Here you
also adjust polarity, delay, and length of the pulse. The default is a positive pulse
of 100 ns. The minimum delay is 800 ns.
REF IN/OUT
BNC female connector for input or output of reference signals. The input or output
direction is set in "Horizontal" menu > "Reference clock".
The input frequency range is 10 MHz. The input impedance is 50 Ω.
The nominal output frequency is 10 MHz, the impedance is 50 Ω. For detailed
specifications, refer to the data sheet.
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R&S®RTE
Mixed signal option R&S RTE-B1 / digital extension port R&S RTE-B1E
The mixed signal option R&S RTE-B1 provides logic analizer functionality and 16
digital channels. It also can connect the R&S RT-ZVC multi-channel power probe.
The connectors can be used to connect two logical probes with 8 digital channels
each (D0 to D7 and D8 to D15), or two flat interface cables of R&S RT-ZVC.
The digital extension port R&S RTE-B1E provides the connectors for the
R&S RT-ZVC multi-channel power probe without MSO. The connectors can be
used to connect two flat interface cables of R&S RT-ZVC.
One of the options can be installed in the option slot at the rear panel.
The maximum input voltage is 40 V peak at 100 kΩ input impedance. The maximum input frequency for a signal with the minimum input voltage swing of 500 mV
(Vpp) is 400 MHz. For detailed specifications, refer to the data sheet.
Waveform generator option R&S RTE-B6
The waveform generator can generate various function and arbitrary waveforms,
sweeps, and parallel patterns. For detailed specifications, refer to the data sheet.
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
The option can be installed in the option slot at the rear panel.
The module provides the following connectors:
[Gen1, Gen2] BNC connectors
[PattGen] Connector for the pattern generator
GBIP option R&S RTE-B10
The GBIP option provides a GBIP interface and connector for remote control. For
detailed specifications, refer to the data sheet.
4.3 Keys and Controls
4.3.1 POWER Key
The [POWER] key is located on the lower left corner of the front panel. It starts up
and shuts down the instrument's software.
The light of the key shows the instrument state:
●
Orange: standby, the main power switch is on, the software is shut down.
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●
Green: The instrument is ready for operation.
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
4.3.2 SETUP Controls
SETUP keys set the instrument to a defined state, change basic settings, and
provide print and help functions. The intensity rotary knob adjusts the display contrast for several display elements.
[AUTOSET]
The instrument analyzes the enabled channel signals, and adjusts appropriate
horizontal, vertical, and trigger settings to display stable waveforms.
[PRESET]
Resets the instrument to a default state. All measurements, mask tests, zoom,
and most individual settings are deleted, and all channels except for channel 1
are disabled. You can define preset configurations and save them to a file. The
[PRESET] key can be configured to set either factory defaults or a user-defined
preset configuration.
[FILE]
Opens and closes the "File" dialog box, where you can:
●
Save instrument settings (user settings)
●
Load instrument settings which were saved before
●
Save waveform data and measurement results
●
Define a naming pattern for autonaming of files
[SETUP]
Opens and closes the "Setup" dialog box, where you can:
●
Access Windows configuration and install firmware updates
●
Configure the touchscreen
●
Check and install option keys for software options
●
Check availability of hardware options
●
Configure remote settings, LAN settings, and GPIB
[PRINT]
Starts a printing or saving action, or opens a report. The function is assigned to
the key in "File" menu > "Frontpanel Setup" > "Hardkeys". By default, the key
saves a screenshot of the waveform display.
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[HELP]
Opens the appropriate help topic for the active tab. If no dialog box is open, the
contents page of the help appears.
[MODE]
Opens and closes a dialog box where you can change the instrument mode:
●
Enable high definition mode
●
Enable functionality in beta state
[DISPLAY]
Opens and closes the "Display" dialog box to configure the appearance of the
waveforms, the diagram layout, color tables, and the XY-diagram. You can also
assign name labels to the waveforms.
[T-SCREEN LOCK]
Locks the touchscreen to prevent unintended use. When the touchscreen is off,
the key is illuminated. Press again to unlock the touchscreen.
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
[INTENSITY]
Adjusts the intensity of the waveforms on the screen, or the background transparency of dialog boxes, or the transparency of result boxes. If a dialog box is open,
turning the knob changes the transparency of dialog boxes. If a result box is
open, the transparency of result boxes is changed. Otherwise the waveform
intensity is adjusted. Press the knob to toggle between the three settings. The
controlled parameter and its value are shown in the input box in the upper left corner of the screen.
4.3.3 HORIZONTAL Controls
The keys and rotary knobs in the HORIZONTAL functional block adjust the acquisition settings and horizontal parameters. These settings are effective for all
channel waveforms.
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[RES REC LEN], [HORIZONTAL]
Open and close the "Setup" tab in the "Horizontal" dialog box, where you can:
●
Adjust the time scale, and acquisition time
●
Adjust the horizontal position, and reference point
●
Adjust the resolution and the record length
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
[ACQUISITION]
Opens and closes the "Acquisition" tab in the "Horizontal" dialog box, where you
can define the acquisition processing (acquisition mode and waveform arithmetic).
[RESOLUTION / RECORD LENGTH]
The rotary knob changes the resolution or the record length. Press the knob to
toggle the setting. The controlled parameter and its value are shown in the input
box in the upper left corner of the screen.
For resolution, turn clockwise to increase the resolution: the time between two
acquisition points gets shorter. Record length and sample rate increase while the
acquisition time remains constant.
For record length, turn clockwise to increase the record length, and the resolution
increases too - the time between to acquisition points gets shorter.
[POSITION / REF POINT]
The rotary knob changes the horizontal position of the waveform or the position of
the reference point on the screen.
Press the knob to toggle the setting. The controlled parameter and its value are
shown in the input box in the upper left corner of the screen.
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"Horizontal position" defines the time distance of the reference point from the zero
point of the diagram. Turn clockwise to move the waveform to the right.
"Reference point" defines the position of the reference point on the screen. Turn
clockwise to move it to the right. The reference point marks the rescaling center
of the time scale. It is indicated by a gray triangle outline at the top of the diagram. If you modify the time scale, the reference point remains fixed on the
screen, and the scale is stretched or compressed to both sides of the reference
point.
[SCALE]
The rotary knob adjusts the time scale for all signals. The time scale is also
known as timebase.
Turn clockwise to stretch the waveforms. Doing so, the scale value time/div
decreases.
Press the knob to toggle between coarse and fine scale adjustment.
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
4.3.4 VERTICAL Controls
The keys and knobs in the VERTICAL functional block select a signal and adjust
the vertical scale and position of the selected signal.
[CH ×]
Turns on, selects, and configures a channel. If the channel is active, the key lights
up in the corresponding channel color .
The effect of the keypress depends on state of the channel:
●
If channel is off: Pressing the key turns on the channel and selects it.
●
If the channel is on, but not selected: Pressing the key selects the channel
waveform.
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●
If the waveform is selected: Pressing the key opens the "Vertical" dialog box
for the appropriate channel.
The vertical rotary knobs are focused on the selected waveform. They are illuminated in the color of the selected waveform.
[REF]
Opens the "Reference" dialog box, where you can configure and display reference waveforms. Press the key repeatedly to switch the reference waveform.
If a reference waveform is selected, the vertical rotary knobs are illuminated in
white or light gray (default colors), depending on the selected waveform.
[MATH]
Opens the "Math" dialog box, where you can configure the calculation of mathematical waveforms using various mathematic operations on other waveforms.
Press the key repeatedly to switch the math waveform.
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
If a math waveform is selected, the vertical rotary knobs are illuminated in brown
(default color), the brightness of the color depends on the selected waveform.
[POSITION / OFFSET] (upper knob)
The upper rotary knob changes the vertical position or the offset of the selected
waveform. The horizontal axis and the selected waveform are moved vertically.
The knob lights up in the color of the selected waveform.
Press the knob to toggle the setting. The controlled parameter and its value are
shown in the input box in the upper left corner of the screen. Turn clockwise to
move up the waveform.
●
Position indicates the vertical location in divisions.
●
Offset moves the vertical center of the selected channel to the offset value.
[SCALE]
This rotary knob adjusts the vertical scale for the selected waveform. The knob
lights up in the color of the selected waveform.
Turn clockwise to stretch the waveform. Doing so, the scale value V/div decreases.
Press the knob to toggle between coarse and fine scale adjustment.
[SIGNAL OFF]
Turns off the selected signal and selects the next channel, math, or reference
waveform.
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The key is illuminated in the color of the selected signal and changes the color
according to the new selection.
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
4.3.5 TRIGGER Controls
The keys and knob in the TRIGGER functional block adjust the trigger and start
or stop acquisition.
[TRIGGER]
Opens and closes the "Trigger" dialog box, where you can:
●
Select a trigger type and configure it.
●
Set general trigger parameters and control the acquisition run.
●
Configure a sequence of subsequent trigger events.
[LEVELS]
The rotary knob sets the trigger level for all trigger types. Turn clockwise to move
up the trigger level. If the selected trigger type requires two trigger levels - upper
and lower level - press the knob to toggle between the two levels.
[SOURCE]
Opens a dialog box where you can select the trigger source. Press the key again
to switch the source. The key lights up in the color of the selected trigger source.
[SLOPE]
Toggles the trigger slope or trigger polarity, dependent on the trigger type. The
current setting is shown on the trigger label, which is in the upper part of the signal bar.
[MODE]
Toggles the trigger mode between Auto and Normal. The current setting is shown
on the trigger label.
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[RUN CONT]
Starts and stops the continuous acquisition. A green light indicates a running
acquisition. A red light shows that acquisition is stopped.
[RUN N× SINGLE]
Starts a defined number of acquisitions. A green light indicates a running acquisition. A red light shows that acquisition is stopped. Press the key again to stop
running acquisitions.
To set the number of acquisitions, press the [TRIGGER] key, select the "Ctrl/
Action" tab, and set "Average count (N-single count)".
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
4.3.6 ANALYSIS Keys
The keys in the ANALYSIS functional block provide direct access to measurement and analyzing functions. If you press [CURSOR], [ZOOM] or [MEAS], the
action starts on first keypress, and a second keypress opens the corresponding
dialog box. If you press another function key, the dialog box opens.
[CURSOR]
Displays vertical and horizontal cursors in the active diagram and opens the "Cursor Results" box.
Cursors are markers which are placed at points of interest on a waveform. The
instrument measures the cursor positions and delta values between parallel cursors.
If you press the key while a cursor measurement is enabled, the "Cursors" dialog
box opens.
In the "Cursors" dialog box, you can:
●
Configure up to 2 cursor sets
●
Define style and labels of the cursors
●
Connect the cursor to the waveform and couple the cursors
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[MEAS]
Starts the default automatic measurement for the active waveform and opens the
"Measurement" result box.
If you press the [MEAS] key while a measurement is enabled, the "Measurements" dialog box is displayed, where you can:
●
Configure amplitude and time measurements, eye, spectrum, and histogram
measurements
●
Configure gated measurement
●
Configure long term and statistic measurements
[ZOOM]
Displays a zoom diagram for the active diagram. The key is illuminated if at least
one zoom is active. If you press the key while the zoom function is on, the "Zoom"
dialog box opens, where you can configure several zoom areas for detailed signal
observation.
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
[PROTOCOL]
Opens the "Protocol" dialog box which contains the configuration of serial buses
and the settings for decoding the signals.
The key lights up if the decoding of a serial bus is active. You can switch off the
decoded bus using the [SIGNAL OFF] key.
[SEARCH]
Opens and closes the "Search" dialog box, where you can:
●
Configure trigger events to be searched for
●
Limit the search by gating
●
Configure the presentation of search results
[MASKS]
Opens and closes the "Masks" dialog box. Masks are used for error detection and
compliance tests of digital signals.
You can:
●
Configure masks and masks segments
●
Define mask test parameters
●
Configure actions triggered by mask violation
●
Configure the mask display
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[LOGIC]
Opens the dialog box for configuration of parallel buses and digital channels. The
key lights up if you enable at least one parallel bus. You can switch off the
selected bus using the [SIGNAL OFF] key.
[HISTORY]
The sample memory contains several stored acquisitions before the current one,
which is shown in the display. Press the key to open the quick access "History"
dialog box, where you can view the stored acquisitions and use them for further
analysis. Press the key again to open the main "History" dialog box with more settings and information.
The key is illuminated as long as a history acquisition or replay is displayed.
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
4.3.7 NAVIGATION Controls
The rotary knob and the navigation keys provide an alternative way to navigate in
dialog boxes and to enter numeric data.
See also: Chapter 6.9, "Using Dialog Boxes", on page 96
Navigation rotary knob
The navigation knob has various functions:
●
In numeric entry fields: turn to increase or decrease the value.
●
In tables: press to activate the edit mode, turn clockwise to increase the value
or turn counterclockwise to decrease it, and press to enter the value and
move to the next cell.
●
To set cursor positions, histogram areas, and mask points in input boxes:
press to toggle the parameter, turn clockwise to increase the value or turn
counterclockwise to decrease it.
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●
To move zoom area, cursor line, or gate in diagrams: Turn to move the element that has the focus, and press to toggle the focus.
[ESC]
Closes a dialog box or input box.
[UNDO]
Reverses the last setting actions step by step. Undo is not possible after load and
recall actions, and after creating a reference waveform.
[REDO]
Recovers the undo steps in reverse order.
[ENTER]
The [ENTER] key has various functions:
●
In dialog boxes and opened selection lists: the key applies the selected value.
●
In tables: the key activates the edit mode. If the table cell is in edit mode, the
key confirms the value, quits the edit mode and moves to the next cell.
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
Field left, Field right
In dialog boxes and tables, the keys move the focus.
In diagrams, they switch the focus between zoom areas, cursor lines, and gates.
Checkmark [☑]
The checkmark key [☑] has different functions depending on the focus:
●
In usual dialog box: if the focus is on a selection list, the key opens the list and
applies the selected value.
●
In tables: activates the edit mode.
Tab
The tab key has various functions:
●
In dialog boxes with only horizontal tabs, the key switches the horizontal tabs.
●
In dialog boxes with horizontal and vertical tabs, the key switches the tabthat
has the focus.
●
In a table or diagram, the key moves the focus in the same way as the [⇨] key.
Up arrow [⇧], Down arrow [⇩]
The up and down arrow keys have the following effects:
●
In numeric edit fields: increase or decrease the parameter value.
●
In tables: scroll vertically through the rows.
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●
In dialog boxes, for option buttons in a column: select an option. In an open
selection list, the keys scroll the list.
Left arrow [⇦], Right arrow [⇨]
The left and right arrow keys have the following effects:
●
In edit fields: move the cursor.
●
In tables: scroll horizontally through the columns.
●
In dialog boxes, for option buttons in a row: select an option.
Instrument Tour
Keys and Controls
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Trying Out the Instrument
Displaying a Basic Signal
5 Trying Out the Instrument
This chapter introduces the most important functions and settings of the
R&S RTE step by step. The complete description of the functionality and its
usage is given in the "User Manual". Basic instrument usage is described in
Chapter 6, "Operating the Instrument", on page 72.
Prerequisites
●
The instrument is connected to the mains system, and started up as described
in Chapter 3, "Preparing for Use", on page 10.
●
A probe is available.
For these first measurements, you use the internal calibration signal, so you do
not need any additional signal source or instruments. Try out the following:
● Displaying a Basic Signal................................................................................37
● Acquiring Data.................................................................................................39
● Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position................................................ 40
● Zooming into the Display.................................................................................46
● Displaying the Waveform History.................................................................... 48
● Showing Basic Measurement Results.............................................................50
● Performing a Basic FFT Analysis....................................................................58
● Performing Mathematical Calculations............................................................60
● Performing a Search....................................................................................... 62
● Performing a Mask Test.................................................................................. 63
● Printing and Saving Screenshots....................................................................66
● Saving Data.....................................................................................................69
5.1 Displaying a Basic Signal
Displaying the input from a signal channel is simple and straightforward. Furthermore, you get to know some basic trigger functions. The R&S RTE provides wideranging trigger functions to find various signal anomalies, which are described in
the instrument help and in the "User Manual".
1. Press the [PRESET] key on the front panel (in the [SETUP] area on the left).
2. Connect the probe to the input connector [CH 1].
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Connect the probe's ground connector to the right compensation pin , and
the tip to the left pin .
The instrument recognizes the probe, and a signal is displayed in the diagram.
3. Press the [AUTOSET] key on the front panel (in the [SETUP] area on the left).
Autoset finds appropriate horizontal and vertical scales and trigger conditions
to present a stable square waveform. The trigger is set to edge trigger on rising edge with auto trigger mode.
Trying Out the Instrument
Displaying a Basic Signal
4. If necessary, compensate the passive probe as described in Chapter 7.4,
"Adjusting Passive Probes", on page 106.
5. In the [TRIGGER] area of the front panel, press the [SOURCE] key. Press the
key again to switch the trigger source to "C2".
An unstable waveform is displayed. In auto mode, the instrument triggers
repeatedly after a time interval if no real trigger occurs.
6. In the [TRIGGER] area, press the [MODE] key.
7. Check the "Trigger" settings in the upper right corner of the screen.
The trigger mode has changed to "Normal". The waveform is no longer
refreshed, and "Wait" is displayed in the trigger settings. The instrument cannot find a real trigger event because there is no signal on channel 2.
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8. Tap the "Undo" icon on the toolbar repeatedly until the trigger mode is "Auto"
and the trigger source is "CH1".
9. Press the [SLOPE] key to toggle the trigger slope.
Watch the waveform and the "Trigger" settings.
Trying Out the Instrument
Acquiring Data
5.2 Acquiring Data
You can acquire data using different arithmetic methods to get envelope or average waveforms.
If you need to change only one setting during analysis, and you need to change it
often, you can reduce the dialog box to a small box that only contains the
required setting. Thus you can change the setting and see the result immediately.
1. Press the [ACQUISITION] key on the front panel, in the [HORIZONTAL] area.
2. In the "Acquisition" tab of the "Horizontal" dialog box, select the "Decimation"
type Sample.
3. Tap the "Arithmetic" button for C1 but do not change the setting.
4. Tap the "Minimize" icon in the upper right corner of the dialog box.
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Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position
The dialog box turns into a mini box that contains only the "Wfm Arithmetic"
setting.
5. Select Envelope and check the waveform.
The instrument sets the "Decimation" type automatically to Peak detect to display the correct envelope waveform.
6. Select Average and check the waveform.
Trying Out the Instrument
7. Tap the
The complete "Acquisition" dialog box is restored.
8. Close the dialog box by tapping .
"Maximize" icon in the mini dialog box.
5.3 Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position
As you can see on the y-axis of the display, the calibration signal has a vertical
offset of about 500 mV. The value can differ.
This value is also indicated in the signal icon for channel1 (3rd row). If you press
the [Ch1] key, the "Vertical" settings dialog box also displays the "Offset" value.
The offset is the DC component of the signal.
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Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position
If you use a passive probe, you can filter the DC component by using the AC coupling function. Then you quickly find the new trigger level, and try out the scaling
functions:
Trying Out the Instrument
1. Press the [Ch1] key on the front panel (in the [VERTICAL] area) to display the
"Vertical" dialog box.
2. Change the "Coupling" to "AC". Close the dialog box.
The DC component of the signal is eliminated; the waveform position moves
down vertically and is now centered on 0 V.
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Trying Out the Instrument
Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position
3. To move the waveform back to the center of the screen, eliminate the offset in
the vertical settings:
a) Press the [Ch1] key again.
b) Enter 0 V in the "Offset" field.
The waveform is now displayed in the center of the display, with the x-axis
crossing at 0 V. The waveform can be unstable if the trigger level is above.
4. Tap the "Show signal bar" icon on the toolbar.
The signal bar disappears, and you can see the trigger level marker on the
right.
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Trying Out the Instrument
Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position
5. Tap the "Find level" icon on the toolbar.
The instrument adjusts the trigger level, and a stable waveform is displayed.
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Trying Out the Instrument
Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position
6. To examine one pulse in the signal in more detail, turn the horizontal "Scale"
rotary knob.
The current scale factor per division is displayed in the upper left-hand corner
of the display while you turn the knob. You can switch between a small and
large step size in the scaling factor by tapping the step icon.
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Trying Out the Instrument
Changing the Waveform Scaling and Position
7. To return to the original scaling, try the [UNDO] key in the [NAVIGATION]
area:
a) Press the [UNDO] key repeatedly until the original scaling is displayed.
b) Press the [REDO] key to retrace the undone steps. Thus, you can toggle
between the two displays using the undo and redo keys until you perform a
different action.
Tip: Instead of using the [UNDO] and [REDO] keys, you can tap the corresponding icons on the toolbar.
If you use a Rohde & Schwarz active single-ended probe, you can measure the
DC component of the signal directly at the probe tip with the integrated R&S ProbeMeter:
1. On the "Vertical" menu, tap "Probe Setup".
2. Make sure that the correct channel is selected on the left tab.
3. In the "Additional" section, tap "ProbeMeter".
A result box shows the DC voltage measured by the R&S ProbeMeter.
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Trying Out the Instrument
Zooming into the Display
5.4 Zooming into the Display
Using the [SCALE] rotary knobs, you can change the scaling of the time base and
signal amplitudes in order to enlarge the waveform. If you need to see more
details, use one of the zoom functions. The instrument has 4 zoom types, 2 of
them you try out in this chapter.
5.4.1 Using the Standard Zoom
1. Restore the default signal channel settings by pressing the [PRESET] and
[AUTOSET] keys.
2. On the toolbar, tap the "Zoom" icon.
3. Tap the position in the diagram that you want to define as one corner of the
zoom area. Then drag your finger to the opposite corner of the zoom area.
While you drag your finger on the touchscreen, a dotted rectangle is displayed
to indicate the current zoom area. When the rectangle covers the required
zoom area, remove your finger.
The indicated area is magnified in a new zoom diagram. The original diagram
is displayed with the zoom area indicated as a rectangle.
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Trying Out the Instrument
Zooming into the Display
4. To remove the zoom window and make room on the display for other results,
tap the "Delete" icon and then the zoom window.
5.4.2 Using the Fingertip Zoom
1. Touch the "Zoom" icon on the toolbar and drag it down until the "Zoom" toolbar menu opens. Release the finger.
2. Tap "Fingertip zoom".
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3. Touch and hold the waveform and move your finger slowly in horizontal direction.
Tip: You can turn the NAVIGATION knob to change the zoom factor while
holding the waveform.
4. Release the finger when the waveform segment of interest is visible in the
zoom.
5. Tap "Keep" to convert the fingertip zoom into a standard zoom diagram.
Trying Out the Instrument
Displaying the Waveform History
5.5 Displaying the Waveform History
During a continuous acquisition, the instrument stores the acquired data in the
memory and shows the current acquisition on the display. The history accesses
and displays the samples that were saved before the current acquisition. When
the acquisition was stopped and a new acquisition is started with [RUN CONT] or
[RUN N× SINGLE], the memory is cleared and written anew.
In the following example, you acquire 10 waveforms, and display the 3 most
recent waveforms.
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1. In the [HORIZONTAL] area, press the [ACQUISITION] key.
The "Horizontal" settings dialog box opens.
2. Set the "Average count" to 10 to perform 10 waveform acquisitions.
3. Close the "Horizontal" dialog box.
4. In the [TRIGGER] area, press the [RUN N× SINGLE] key.
10 waveform acquisitions are performed. The most recent acquisition is displayed in the diagram.
5. In the [ANALYSIS] area, press the [HISTORY] key.
The quick access "History" dialog box appears, and the history mode is on.
6. Tap "Play".
The 10 stored waveforms are displayed one after the other, but very fast.
7. In the "Current acq." field, enter -4 to display the sixth waveform, counted from
acquisition start. The latest acquisition has the number 0, the oldest has -9.
Trying Out the Instrument
Displaying the Waveform History
8. Tap to open the "History" setup dialog box.
9. Enter -2 in the "Start acq" field. Tap "Newest" to enter 0 in the "Stop acq" field.
Thus the three latest acquisitions are displayed.
10. In the "Replay time per acq." field, enter 1 s to display each waveform for one
second.
11. Enable the "Auto repeat" option to see the three waveforms repeatedly.
12. Tap "Play".
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The currently displayed waveform is indicated in the "Current acq." field.
13. Close the "History" dialog box so you can see the waveform better.
14. Tap "Running" to stop the display.
During running display, the "Play" is labeled "Running".
15. Close the quick access "History" dialog box.
The history mode is disabled. The [HISTORY] key is no longer illuminated.
Trying Out the Instrument
5.6 Showing Basic Measurement Results
Using the R&S RTE you can perform and display different measurements simultaneously. The color of the results in the result table corresponds with the source
waveform color.
5.6.1 Performing a Cursor Measurement
1. Restore the default signal channel settings: Press the [PRESET] and
[AUTOSET] keys.
2. Tap the "Cursor" icon on the toolbar.
3. Tap the diagram in which you want to set the cursors.
Alternatively, draw a rectangle on the screen to position the cursor lines.
The cursor lines appear in the diagram and the "Cursor Results" box opens.
The measured values of the waveform at the cursor positions are displayed.
4. You can move the cursor lines in different ways:
● Touch a cursor line and drag it on the screen.
● Tap a cursor line to activate it. Turn the NAVIGATION knob to adjust the
position.
● Double-tap a cursor line. Enter the position values in the cursor setup.
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Trying Out the Instrument
Showing Basic Measurement Results
5. To save space in the display, minimize the result box. The most important
results are displayed and updated in the result icon, as well.
6. To remove the result icon and make room on the display for other results, tap
the red cross on the icon label.
5.6.2 Performing Automatic Amplitude Measurements
You can start up to 8 automatic measurements to run in parallel. The "Automatic
measurment" icon starts the measurements one after the other.
In the following example you start and configure 3 automatic measurements:
amplitude, rise time, and fall time measurement, and you display the statistical
evaluation.
1. Restore the default signal channel settings by pressing the [PRESET] and
[AUTOSET] keys.
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Showing Basic Measurement Results
2. Tap the "Automatic measurment" icon. Then tap the waveform.
By default, the measurement of the high signal level is started.
3. Tap the "Automatic measurement" icon again. Then tap the waveform.
By default, the measurement of the low signal level is started.
4. Tap the "Automatic measurement" icon again. Then tap the waveform.
By default, the amplitude measurement is started.
5. Double-tap the results to open the "Measurements" dialog box.
Trying Out the Instrument
In the "Setup" tab, you see the activated measurements and the assigned
measurement types.
6. In the "Meas1" line, tap the measurement type button labeled "High".
7. Select "Rise time".
8. In the "Meas2" line, tap the measurement type button labeled "Low".
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9. Select "Fall time".
10. Under "Statistics", tap "Enable".
Trying Out the Instrument
Showing Basic Measurement Results
11. Close the "Measurements" dialog box and check the results.
12. To see all results, drag up the border of the results tab.
13. Close the "Measurement Results" box.
5.6.3 Performing and Configuring the Quick Measurement
A set of up to eight different measurements on one source can be performed at
once, simply by tapping the "Quick measurement" toolbar icon. The results are
displayed in a result box. You can configure the measurement types to be included in quick measurement. This way, repeating measurements are performed
very quickly.
In the following example, you start a quick measurement and change the QuickMeas configuration.
1. Press [AUTOSET].
2. Tap the "Quick measurement" icon on the toolbar.
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Showing Basic Measurement Results
3. Tap the diagram.
The result box shows the results of the default quick measurement.
4. Tap the icon to open the "Measurements" dialog box.
5. Select the "Quick Meas" "Setup".
Trying Out the Instrument
6. Scroll down in the table and disable the Mean and RMS measurements.
7. Tap "Activate" and select Period.
Now the result box also shows the result of the period measurement.
8. Tap "Activate" and select Frequency.
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Now the result box also shows the result of the time measurements.
9. Tap "Set as QuickMeas".
The current configuration is set as default quick measurement and can be
repeated until you save another configuration.
Trying Out the Instrument
10. Close the dialog box.
11. To save space in the display, minimize the result box:
The most important results are displayed and updated in the result icon.
Do not close the result icon, as you need the results for the Search example
(see Chapter 5.9, "Performing a Search", on page 62).
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Trying Out the Instrument
Showing Basic Measurement Results
5.6.4 Displaying a Histogram
Histograms are useful to analyze the occurrence of measurement values statistically.
1. Tap the "Histogram" icon on the toolbar.
2. Tap the diagram in which you want to generate the histogram.
You can also draw a rectangle on the screen to define the area on which the
histogram is based. The histogram range is indicated in the diagram and a
vertical histogram is defined and displayed.
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Showing Basic Measurement Results
3. To display the measurement results for the histogram, tap the "Measurement"
icon on the toolbar.
4. Tap the histogram.
The waveform count for the histogram is displayed.
5. To get more measurement results for the histogram, double-tap the results.
Alternatively, you can press the [MEAS] key on the front panel.
6. For "Meas 2", select "Category = Hist" and the required measurement type.
7. To finish the measurement, tap the "Close" icon in the result box.
8. To remove the histogram, tap the "Delete" icon on the toolbar and then the
histogram.
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Performing a Basic FFT Analysis
Both the histogram and any measurements based on that histogram are deactivated.
Trying Out the Instrument
5.7 Performing a Basic FFT Analysis
During FFT analysis, a signal in the time domain is converted to a spectrum of
frequencies. A basic spectrum waveform can be displayed quickly.
1. Restore the default signal channel settings by pressing the [AUTOSET] key.
2. Tap the "FFT" icon on the toolbar. Then tap the diagram.
A math waveform is configured that uses the "Mag(FFT(x))" operator with Ch1
as source. The spectrum waveform is displayed in a new diagram.
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Performing a Basic FFT Analysis
3. To measure the spectrum on the math channel, tap the "Measurement" icon
on the toolbar.
4. Tap the spectrum waveform.
The channel power is displayed below the FFT diagram.
Trying Out the Instrument
5. Double-tap the spectrum waveform.
The "FFT Setup" dialog box opens.
6. Set the "Center frequency" to 10 kHz.
The instrument adjusts the frequency span automatically.
Close the dialog box.
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Performing Mathematical Calculations
7. To remove the FFT results, tap the "Delete" icon and then the spectrum waveform.
8. Close the "Measurement" results.
5.8 Performing Mathematical Calculations
In addition to the measured waveforms, you can display calculated data to compare the current measurement result with.
For example, you can rescale the waveform and display it in the same diagram as
the original waveform.
1. Press [AUTOSET].
2. Press the [MATH] key.
3. In the "Setup" tab, select the "Basic" subtab.
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Performing Mathematical Calculations
4. Tap the "Source1" icon and select Ch1.
5. Tap the "Operator" icon and select Rescale.
6. For "a", enter the vertical scaling factor, e.g. 4.
7. Under "b", enter the vertical position offset, e.g. 2.
Look at the lower part of the dialog box and note that the instrument adjusts
the "Vertical scale" and "Vertical offset" of the math waveform automatically.
8. Tap "Enable" to display the first math waveform.
The original and the rescaled waveforms are displayed.
9. Close the "Math" dialog box.
Trying Out the Instrument
10. To remove the math waveform, do one of the following:
● Tap the "Delete" icon and then the math waveform.
● Minimize the math waveform by tapping the signal icon. Then close the
signal icon
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Trying Out the Instrument
Performing a Search
5.9 Performing a Search
In the following search, you detect positive and negative overshoots, i.e. values
that exceed the high or low levels. To find these events, you can use the windows
search.
To determine the search conditions, we use the results of the measurement
example described in Chapter 5.6.3, "Performing and Configuring the Quick Mea-
surement", on page 53.
1. Press the [SEARCH] key on the front panel (ANALYSIS area).
2. Select "C1" as "Source".
3. Select the search criteria: Enable "Window".
4. In the "Window" tab below, define the search conditions:
a) In the "Upper level" field, enter the result of the "High" level measurement.
b) In the "Lower level" field, enter the result of the "Low" level measurement.
c) As "Vertical condition", select "Exit" to find values that are outside the
range defined by the high and low levels.
5. Select "Enable" to start the continuous search on the acquired data.
6. Close the "Search" dialog box.
7. In the "Search Results" box, select "Show search zoom windows".
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The acquisition stops, and the detected overshoots of the last acquisition are
listed in the search result table. The search zoom window shows the last
result that was found. Vertical lines indicate the time values for which a result
was found.
8. In the results table, tap the row of the search result that you want to display in
the search zoom diagram.
Trying Out the Instrument
Performing a Mask Test
5.10 Performing a Mask Test
In the following example, you perform a mask test to determine whether the signal exceeds a rectangular area.
1. To restore the default signal channel settings, press [PRESET] and
[AUTOSET].
2. Tap the "Masks" icon on the toolbar.
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3. Tap the corner points of the first mask segment on the touchscreen. Select the
corner points of one complete pulse, with a minor offset to the inside. To finish
the mask definition, double-tap the last point.
To create an exact rectangle, draw the diagonal of the rectangle on the
screen.
Trying Out the Instrument
Performing a Mask Test
4. To define the further mask test settings, press the [MASKS] key on the front
panel (in the [ANALYSIS] area), and select the "Mask Definition" tab.
5. If necessary, correct the mask segment points you defined graphically in the
"Mask Definition" tab. In the "Region" column of the mask segment, "Inner" is
selected. That means, a mask hit is detected if the signal is inside the segment.
6. Insert another mask segment above the positive pulse:
a) Tap the "Append" button under "Mask segments".
b) In the "Region" column of the new mask segment, select "Upper". In this
case, a mask hit is detected if the signal is above the mask limit line.
c) Under "Definition of segment", tap "Insert" twice to insert two points.
d) Enter the x and y-values to define a line beneath which the values of the
positive pulse should remain.
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Trying Out the Instrument
Performing a Mask Test
7. Select the "Test Definition" tab.
8. Select channel 1 as the "Source".
9. Define the number of tolerable sample hits in the "Tolerance" field.
A test has failed if the number of sample hits exceeds the limit of "Violation
tolerance" hits.
10. Select the "Event Action / Reset" tab.
11. For the "Stop acquisition" action, select On violation. If the violation tolerance
is exceeded, acquisition stops.
The results of the mask test are shown in the "MaskTest" results box. Mask
hits are also indicated as red points in the mask segment in the diagram.
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Trying Out the Instrument
Printing and Saving Screenshots
12. Press [RUN CONT] to start the next acquisition and watch the screen.
13. Close the "MaskTest" results box by tapping the red cross in the label.
5.11 Printing and Saving Screenshots
You can print and save screenshots of the current display to document your
results. In the following examples, you print the current display as a black and
white graphic with inverted colors, i.e. a black waveform is printed on a white
background. Then you save some screenshots using the PRINT key.
To print a screenshot
You need a printer that is connected to the instrument. If the instrument is connected to the network, you can also use a network printer.
1. Open the "File" menu and tap "Print Setup".
2. Tap "Color" and select "Black and white".
3. Enable "Inverse color".
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Printing and Saving Screenshots
4. Tap the upper left button and select the printer.
5. Tap "Print". The result is a monochrome image.
6. Close the dialog box.
To configure the PRINT key
1. Open the "File" menu and tap "Frontpanel Setup".
2. Select the "Hardkeys" tab.
3. Select "Save screenshot".
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Printing and Saving Screenshots
4. Close the dialog box.
To save screenshots
1. Press the PRINT key.
2. Change the horizontal scale.
3. Press the PRINT key.
The files are saved to the following directory:
C:\Users\Public\Public Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\RTx\
ScreenShots
The default file name is Screenshot_<date>_<index>_<time>.png.
4. To access the saved files, open the "File" menu and tap "Minimize Application".
5. Double-tap the "User" folder icon on the desktop.
6. Open the ScreenShots folder.
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Trying Out the Instrument
Saving Data
5.12 Saving Data
After a measurement with the R&S RTE, you can save the resulting waveform
data for further evaluation or comparison. You can also save measurement
results, and device settings to repeat or restore previous measurements.
●
"Saving waveform data" on page 69
●
"Saving data of an acquisition series" on page 70
●
"Saving measurement results" on page 70
●
"Saving and restoring device settings" on page 71
Saving waveform data
1. Press the [FILE] key on the front panel (in the SETUP area on the left).
2. Select "Waveform".
3. Check the "Source".
4. Set "Scope" to "Full Waveform".
Tip: If a cursor, zoom or measurement gate is defined, you can use these settings to export only a part of the waveform.
5. Under "Save to file", tap "Save As".
6. The file selection dialog box shows the default storage directory:
C:\Users\Public\Public Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\RTx\
RefWaveforms
7. Tap the keyboard icon on the right of the "File Name" field.
8. Enter Waveform1 on the online keyboard.
9. Tap "ENTER" to close the online keyboard.
10. Select the file type: "*.bin".
11. Tap "Save".
The waveform data is saved to the files Waveform1.Wfm.bin and
Waveform1.bin in the selected directory.
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Saving data of an acquisition series
1. Press the [FILE] key on the front panel.
2. Select "Waveform".
3. Set the export scope of the waveform:
a) Check the "Source".
b) Set "Scope" to "Full Waveform".
c) Tap "Data logging" to enable export all waveforms of a running acquisition.
d) Enter "Acq count" = 10, the number of subsequent waveforms that the
instrument acquires and saves.
Trying Out the Instrument
Saving Data
4. Tap "Start Export" to save the waveforms to file. You can change the filename
in "Save to file".
Saving measurement results
1. Perform a measurement as described in Chapter 5.6.2, "Performing Automatic
Amplitude Measurements", on page 51.
2. Press the [FILE] key on the front panel.
3. Select "Numeric results".
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4. Select the results that you want to save.
5. For further usage of the results, select the "CSV-Delimiter" that is used to convert the values in columns. For MS Excel, select the semicolon.
6. Tap "Save".
The results are saved to the following folder:
C:\Users\Public\Public Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\RTx\
ResultBoxExport
The filename is created according to the autonaming settings.
Saving and restoring device settings
1. Press the [FILE] key on the front panel.
2. Select "Savesets".
3. Tap "Save As". Enter the path and filename.
C:\Users\Public\Public Documents\Rohde-Schwarz\RTx\
SaveSets\Settings_Meas1.dfl
Trying Out the Instrument
Saving Data
4. Tap "Save".
5. To restore the default instrument settings, press the [PRESET] key.
6. To repeat the initial measurement, tap the "Load saveset" icon on the toolbar.
7. Select the "Type" = "Savesets".
8. Use the buttons on the left and the right to scroll the stored savesets. The filename and a screenshot help identify the correct saveset.
9. Tap "Load".
The device and measurement settings are restored and you can repeat the
measurement.
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Operating the Instrument
Means of Manual Interaction
6 Operating the Instrument
There are three ways to operate the R&S RTE.
Manual operation
Use the touchscreen, keys and rotary knobs, or an optional mouse and/or keyboard. The principles of manual operation are explained in this section.
Remote control
Create programs to automatize repeating settings, tests, and measurements. The
instrument is connected to a computer that runs the program.
This way of operation is described in the user manual, chapter "Remote Control
Commands".
Remote operation
The remote desktop connection of Windows can be used for instrument control
and file transfer. Even on computers with non-Windows operating systems, a
remote desktop connection is possible using RDP applications.
For details, refer to the user manual, chapter "Remote Desktop Connection".
Remote monitoring and control of the instrument from a connected computer is
also possible with a standard web browser and a LAN connection.
For details, refer to the user manual, chapter "Web Control".
Alternatively, you can use Virtual Network Computing (VNC), which requires
installation of the VNC server on the R&S RTE. Installation and configuration are
described in the application note "Remote Monitoring and Control of the
R&S RTE with a Web Browser", available on the Rohde & Schwarz internet site.
6.1 Means of Manual Interaction
The R&S RTE provides the following means of manual interaction, which you can
use alternatively or complementary:
●
Touchscreen:
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Using the touchscreen is the direct interaction way. Use your finger to place
waveforms on the screen, mark areas for zoom and histograms, set parameters in dialog boxes, enter data, and much more. The control elements and
actions on the screen are based on common concepts, and you will easily
become familiar with the user interface.
Tapping the screen works like clicking mouse buttons:
– Tap = click: Selects a parameter or provokes an action.
– Double-tap = double-click has the same effect as touch and hold = right-
click: Opens the on-screen keyboard or keypad, or a specific editor if available
●
Function keys and rotary knobs:
The front panel provides nearly all functions and controls to operate the instrument in the classic ways, without touchscreen. As an exception, the signal bar
cannot be used with front panel controls.
●
Optional mouse and/or keyboard:
These devices work conform to Windows standards. The navigation keys on
the front panel correspond to the keys on the keyboard.
Operating the Instrument
Touchscreen Display
The usage of the touchscreen and navigation keys is described in detail in the following sections.
6.2 Touchscreen Display
6.2.1 Information on the Display
The touchscreen of the instrument shows the waveforms and measurement
results, and also information and everything that you need to control the instrument. All waveform-related display elements are shown in Figure 6-1. An overview of control elements - like dialog box, toolbar - is given in Figure 6-4 .
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Operating the Instrument
Touchscreen Display
Figure 6-1: Display information
1 = Diagram
2 = Grid
3 = Signal bar with horizontal and trigger label (3a), signal icon with waveform settings (3b) and
signal icon with minimized live waveform (3c)
4 = Trigger level
5 = Trigger position
6 = Reference point (distance from trigger position to reference point = horizontal position)
7 = Zoom area
8 = Zoom diagram
9 = Histogram area
10 = Histogram
11 = Messages
Diagram (1)
A diagram shows one or more waveforms: channel, reference, and math waveforms together with histograms, masks etc. Zoom details, XY-waveforms, spectra
and other special waveforms are shown in separate diagrams.
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Operating the Instrument
Touchscreen Display
By default, the diagram name contains the diagram number and the short names
of the waveforms shown inside. To change the diagram name, touch and hold the
tab name. The on-screen keyboard opens to enter the new name. Names must
be unique.
To arrange the diagrams on the screen, the Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid function
helps you to find the target place simply and quickly. For details, see Chapter 6.5,
"Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid", on page 83. You can also adjust the diagram
size by dragging the diagram border.
Grid (2)
The grid shows the vertical and horizontal divisions. The division lines are labeled
with the correspondent values. The grid labels have the color of the waveform to
which they belong. If several waveforms are shown in one diagram, the grid has
the color of the selected waveform.
Signal bar (3)
The signal bar is the control center for all enabled waveforms. On the top, the
horizontal and trigger labels show the main timebase and trigger settings. If you
tap a label, the relevant dialog box opens with the tab used at last.
Figure 6-2: Horizontal and trigger label on top of the signal bar
1 = Resolution
2 = Record length
3 = Timebase, horizontal scale
4 = Horizontal position
5 = Sample rate
6 = RT - real time, IT - interpolated time
7 = Trigger mode
8 = Trigger type, slope, and source
9 = Trigger level
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Operating the Instrument
Touchscreen Display
Below, each waveform is represented by a signal icon. If the waveform is shown
in a diagram, the signal icon displays its main vertical and acquisition settings. If
you tap the "Minimize" icon on the signal icon, the waveform switches from the
diagram area to the signal icon: the icon shows the real-time preview of the waveform. If you tap a signal icon, the dialog box with vertical settings for this waveform opens. See Chapter 6.4, "Working with Waveforms", on page 80 for a
detailed description.
In Figure 6-1, the signal icons Ch1 and Ch2 show the main settings, and the
waveforms are displayed in diagrams. All other waveforms are minimized and
shown in the signal icon.
Figure 6-3: Signal label on the signal bar
1 = Vertical scale
2 = Vertical position
3 = Offset
4 = Coupling
You can also adjust the behavior of the signal bar in various ways, see Chap-
ter 6.6, "Using the Signal bar", on page 84.
Trigger position and trigger level (4, 5)
The blue markers show the horizontal position of the trigger and the vertical trigger level. You can touch and move the trigger markers in the diagram to set the
positions. The trigger point is the zero point of the diagram.
The trigger position can be moved outside the diagram. A red trigger position
marker indicates that the trigger position is not visible.
Reference point (6)
The reference point marks the rescaling center. If you modify the time scale, the
reference point remains fixed on the screen, and the scale is stretched or compressed to both sides of the reference point.
You can define the position of the reference point (HORIZONTAL), and its time
distance from the trigger point of the diagram (POSITION / REF POINT).
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Zoom diagram and zoom area (7, 8)
Zoomed waveforms are shown in separate zoom diagrams, in addition to the
waveform diagrams. On the original waveform diagram, a rectangle indicates the
zoomed section of the waveform - this is the zoom area. You can modify the
zoom area by dragging the rectangle as a whole, and by dragging its edges. To
toggle between these modes, tap the zoom area. You can also set exact positions.
The frames of the zoom area and of the associated zoom diagram have the same
color, different zooms are marked with different colors. So it is easy to assign
zoom area and zoom diagram.
As for waveform diagrams, you can change the name of the zoom diagram. A
zoom in a zoom and coupled zooms are also possible.
All zooming possibilities are described in detail in the User Manual, chapter
"Zoom".
Operating the Instrument
Touchscreen Display
Histogram and histogram area (9, 10)
A histogram shows the frequency of occurrence of voltage or time values in a bar
chart directly in the diagram. The rectangular histogram area indicates the part of
the waveform that is considered in the histogram. The vertical histogram counts
the voltage values, and the horizontal histogram counts time values. You can
switch between vertical and horizontal mode, and modify the histogram area by
dragging the rectangle as a whole, by dragging its edges, or by setting exact positions.
Messages (11)
A yellow or red button on the toolbar points to the status messages of the instrument. To open the message box, tap the button. See also: Chapter 6.11, "Mes-
sages", on page 100.
6.2.2 Control Elements on the Touchscreen
The touchscreen provides everything you need to control the instrument, to analyze waveforms, and to get measurement results. Figure 6-4 shows the control
elements on a glance.
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Operating the Instrument
Touchscreen Display
Figure 6-4: Control elements on the touchscreen
1 = Toolbar
2 = Signal bar, see "Signal bar (3)" on page 75
3 = Menu bar
4 = Dialog box
5 = Tab in a dialog box
6 = Result box
7 = Input box
Toolbar (1)
The icons on the toolbar provide quick and easy access to the most important
functionality. For a detailed description, refer to Chapter 6.7, "Toolbar",
on page 86.
Menu bar (3)
The menus provide access to the complete functionality of R&S RTE.
Dialog box (4, 5)
The tabs of the dialog boxes contain all task-oriented settings and operations,
and black buttons for calling related tabs. The usage of dialog boxes is described
in Chapter 6.9, "Using Dialog Boxes", on page 96.
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Result box (6)
If you perform manual or automatic measurements, mask testing, or a search, the
result box shows the results of the action. Similar to waveform diagrams, you can
minimize the result box to a result icon on the signal bar, and display results in a
separate diagram on the screen. The icon opens the corresponding dialog
box to adjust the settings.
For details, see Chapter 6.8, "Displaying Results", on page 94.
Input box (7)
The input box appears if you adjust a value using one of the rotary knobs, or if
you drag an element on the screen, for example, a cursor line. The input box
shows the current value of the modified parameter. You can enter the exact
numerical value, change the step size, and - if available - autoset the value
directly in the input box. The box title shows the name of the currently adjusted
parameter. The input box is helpful when using the multi-function rotary knobs, for
example, [INTENSITY], and [RESOLUTION / RECORD LENGTH].
Operating the Instrument
App Cockpit
See also: Chapter 6.10, "Entering Data", on page 98.
6.3 App Cockpit
The app cockpit provides fast access to all available applications.
► To open the app cockpit, tap in the menu.
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Operating the Instrument
Working with Waveforms
6.4 Working with Waveforms
The R&S RTE can create and display several types of waveforms:
●
Channel waveforms:
For each input channel, one channel waveform is shown.
●
Reference waveforms:
Four waveforms can be used as reference for comparison and analysis.
●
Math waveforms:
Four mathematic waveforms can be created with mathematic operations performed on channel, reference, and other math waveforms.
●
Zoom waveforms:
Show the details of waveforms.
●
XY-waveforms:
Four XY-waveforms can be created. Each XY-waveform is built from the voltage values of two source waveforms.
●
Digital waveforms:
The Mixed Signal Option R&S RTE-B1 provides 16 digital channels grouped
in two logic probes (pods) with 8 channels each.
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Waveform handling
The R&S RTE can show and analyze many waveforms. To handle this multitude
while keeping track of it, the R&S RTE provides intelligent support:
●
The color system helps to distinguish the waveforms. The color of the vertical
rotary knobs indicates the signal that is focused (selected). The color of each
waveform can be changed, the color of its signal icon and of the illuminated
keys is adjusted to the new color. Alternatively, a color table can be assigned
to a waveform. Settings: [DISPLAY] > "Signal Colors / Persistence" tab.
●
Waveforms can be minimized to signal icons showing a small real-time signal
view. Thus, more space in the diagram area is available without switching off
waveforms.
●
Diagrams are displayed on tabs – you can arrange them side by side or one
above the other. To change the diagram name, double-tap the tab name.
●
The Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid function helps to arrange the diagrams.
Operating the Instrument
Working with Waveforms
Waveform states
Depending on its place on the screen and the effect of settings, a waveform has
one of the following states:
●
Off
●
Active:
The waveform is shown in a diagram
●
Selected:
One of the active waveforms that has the focus. In each diagram, one of the
assigned waveforms is selected – it appears "on top" in the diagram, and the
grid labels have the color of the selected waveform. Some of the toolbar functions, like cursor and histogram measurements are performed on the selected
waveform. All waveform-specific settings are applied to the selected waveform
of the selected diagram. The vertical [POSITION / OFFSET] and [SCALE]
knobs, and the [SIGNAL OFF] key are illuminated with the color of the
selected waveform.
In Figure 6-1, "Ch1" is the selected waveform: The frame of the diagram and
the signal icon are highlighted.
●
Minimized:
The waveform is shown as real-time signal view in its signal icon.
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To switch a waveform on
A channel waveform is activated as soon as you connect the probe. You can
switch it on and off according to your needs.
► Choose one of the following ways:
● Press the channel key.
● In the "Vertical" dialog box, select the channel and tap the "Show channel"
button.
The waveform is now active, selected, and is shown in the diagram.
To select a waveform
► Choose one of the following ways:
Operating the Instrument
Working with Waveforms
● Tap the waveform in the waveform diagram.
● To select a channel, reference, or math waveform, press the corresponding key.
● Tap the signal icon.
Note: Zoom waveforms in zoom diagrams cannot be selected.
To minimize a waveform
► Choose on of the following ways:
● Tap the "Minimize" icon in the upper right corner of the waveform's signal
label in the signal bar.
● Drag the waveform from the diagram to the signal bar.
The waveform disappears from the diagram and the minimized signal view is
shown in the signal icon.
Tip: To set the waveform back to its previous diagram immediately, use
"Undo".
To arrange a waveform using the SmartGrid
See Chapter 6.5, "Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid", on page 83.
To switch off a waveform
► Do one of the following:
● Select the waveform, and then press the [SIGNAL OFF] key.
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Operating the Instrument
Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid
● To switch off a minimized waveform, tap the "Close" icon in the upper right
corner of the minimized signal view.
● Disable "Show channel" in the "Vertical" > "Channels" tab.
● Tap the "Delete" icon (Recycle bin) in the toolbar, and then the waveform.
If several waveforms overlap or lie close together, the upper (selected)
waveform is switched off.
6.5 Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid
The Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid helps to create and arrange the diagrams on
the screen with drag&drop. The diagram layout depends on the position where
you drop the signal icon, in relation to an existing diagram.
Figure 6-5: SmartGrid positions
1 = In the existing diagram, overlay of signal
2 = New diagram on the left or right
3 = New diagram above or below
4 = New diagram on top of the existing diagram
5 = XY-diagram
6 = YX-diagram
The diagram configuration is deleted when you use [PRESET] and *RST.
To arrange a waveform using the SmartGrid
You can arrange waveforms in one of the existing diagrams, or in a new diagram.
1. Drag the signal icon to the diagram area, and move it around.
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The Rohde & Schwarz SmartGrid appears and a blue area shows where the
waveform will be placed.
2. Drop the waveform in the target area.
The waveform appears in an existing or in a new diagram, and it is selected
for further actions.
Operating the Instrument
Using the Signal bar
3. To change the size of the new diagram, drag its edge to the required position.
6.6 Using the Signal bar
The signal bar can hold a large number of signal and result icons. Signal icons
represent the waveforms, serial buses and parallel buses, while result icons are
minimized result boxes showing measurement and search results.
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To scroll the signal bar
If the signal bar contains more than four icons, not all icons are visible on the display.
► Touch one of the signal icons and move it up or down until the required icon
appears.
To switch on and off the signal bar
If you need the complete screen to see the diagrams and results, you can switch
off the signal bar completely.
► Tap the "Show signal bar" icon on the toolbar.
Operating the Instrument
Using the Signal bar
Alternatively, tap "Signal Bar" on the "Display" menu.
To change the position of the signal bar
► Touch the "Horizontal" label on the top of the signal bar and drag it to the
opposite side of the screen.
To configure auto-hide
The signal bar can be hidden if the displayed information has not changed for a
defined time, and is displayed again automatically when a setting in the signal bar
changes. The signal bar does not hide entirely, it simply fades and becomes less
visible in the display.
1. Press the [DISPLAY] key on the front panel.
2. In the "Display" dialog box, select the "Diagram Layout" tab.
3. Select "Auto-hide".
4. Define the hiding properties:
● "Hide bar after": the time after which the bar is hidden if no changes occur
● "Hiding transparency": Transparency of the hidden signal bar on a scale
from 20% (low transparency) to 70% (high transparency)
● Hide head also: the horizontal and trigger labels are also faded
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To change the colors
If you want to highlight the signal bar, you can change the "Fill color" and "Border
color" of the bar.
1. Press the [DISPLAY] key on the front panel.
2. In the "Display" dialog box, select the "Diagram Layout" tab.
3. Tap "Border color" to change the color of the signal bar frame, or "Fill color" to
change the fill color of the bar.
4. In the "Adjust Colors" dialog box, select the color.
5. To use a color that is not yet defined, tap "Userdefined Colors". Define the
new color settings.
To see the effect of a setting change in the "Preview" area, enter the value
and press the [ENTER] key.
Operating the Instrument
Toolbar
6. Tap "OK."
The signal bar is displayed in the new colors.
6.7 Toolbar
The toolbar provides direct access to important control and measurement functions. It shows current date and time, and a message button. The selected function is highlighted.
A little triangle in the lower right corner of the icon means, that a menu is available where you can select the required function.
By default, the toolbar shows the most frequently used functions. You can configure the content of the toolbar and hide the date/time display, see Chapter 6.7.2,
"Configuring the Toolbar", on page 87.
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Operating the Instrument
Toolbar
6.7.1 Using the Toolbar
Using the toolbar is easy and straightforward.
Some of the toolbar functions are one-click actions. These actions are performed
immediately when you tap the icon.
Other toolbar functions are analyzing functions. These actions are interactive
actions.
To use analyzing functions (interactive actions)
1. If several waveforms are shown in the diagram, select the waveform that you
want to analyze.
See: "To select a waveform" on page 82
2. Tap the icon of the function in the toolbar.
3. To define the analyzed area, do one of the following:
● Tap the required diagram.
● Drag a rectangle on the diagram.
To select a function on a toolbar menu
Icons with a little triangle in the lower right corner show the last selected function.
A short tap on the icon activates the displayed function. To change the function,
proceed as follows:
1. Touch the icon, and drag your finger down.
2. When the menu has opened, remove the finger.
3. Tap the required function on the menu.
The function is selected, and its icon is shown in the toolbar.
6.7.2 Configuring the Toolbar
You can configure the contents of the toolbar so that only the required functions
are displayed. Furthermore, date and time can be hidden. The toolbar configuration is part of the user preferences. It is retained when you switch off and on the
instrument, and you can save it in the user preferences and user-defined preset.
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1. On the "Display" menu, select "Toolbar".
2. Select the required toolbar functions:
● Disable the functions that you do not need.
Enable the functions that you want to add to the toolbar.
● To display all available toolbar icons, tap "Show All".
● To hide all toolbar icons, tap "Hide All".
3. To hide the current date and time on the toolbar, disable "Show date and
time".
A detailed description of the toolbar functions is given in Chapter 6.7.3, "Toolbar
Functions", on page 88.
Operating the Instrument
Toolbar
6.7.3 Toolbar Functions
This chapter describes all toolbar functions in detail.
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One-click actions Interactive actions
Undo Zoom
Redo Search
Show Help Cursor
Graphical Recall (load saveset) Masktest
Save Settings Histogram
Save Screenshot Measurement
Create Report Quick meas
Clear all FFT
Show Signal Bar Select
Autoset and Preset Delete
Run / Stop and Run Single Label
Operating the Instrument
Toolbar
Find Trigger Level Update Ref Waveform
Force Trigger Save Waveform
Spectrogram (option R&S RTE-K18)
You can configure the content of the toolbar and hide the date/time display,
see Chapter 6.7.2, "Configuring the Toolbar", on page 87.
The following list describes at first the default toolbar functions and then the additional functions.
Undo
Undoes the last setting actions step by step. Some actions cannot be
revoked: locking the touchscreen with [T-SCREEN LOCK], and saving data. The
undo stack is deleted during the following actions: Reloading settings from file,
and reference waveform actions (save, load and preset with active reference
waveform).
Redo
Recovers the undo steps in reverse order.
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Show Help
Enables the tooltip display. A short description appears when you tap a
parameter in a dialog or result box. To open the corresponding help topic, tap the
"Show Help" button in the lower right corner of the tooltip. See also: Chapter 6.12,
"Getting Information and Help", on page 101.
Show Signal Bar
Shows and hides the signal bar.
The look and the behavior of the signal bar can be configured, see Chapter 6.6,
"Using the Signal bar", on page 84.
Graphical Recall (load saveset)
Opens a window to select and load instrument settings that were previously stored in a saveset. A graphical preview helps you to find the required settings.
Operating the Instrument
Toolbar
Zoom
The zoom icon on the toolbar shows the last selected zoom type. A short tap on
the icon activates the selected zoom.
If you touch the icon and drag your finger down, a menu opens where you can
select another zoom type.
Standard zoom ← Zoom
Displays a magnified section of the diagram in an additional zoom diagram. It is a display zoom, instrument settings are not changed.
Tap the icon and drag a rectangle on the diagram to mark the zoom area. An
additional zoom diagram appears. You can use the tool also repeatedly on the
zoom diagram to get a more detailed view.
Touch and hold the zoom area to open the "Zoom" dialog box.
Hardware zoom ← Zoom
Changes the instrument settings - horizontal and vertical scales as well as
trigger level and offset - to display a part of the diagram in greater detail.
Tap the icon and drag a rectangle on the diagram to mark the area to be zoomed.
The diagram changes and shows the magnified area. To return to the previous
display, use the "Undo" function.
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Coupled zoom ← Zoom
Creates a coupled zoom area and its related zoom diagram. If you change
the size of one zoom area, the size of all coupled zoom areas is changed as well.
First, create a zoom using the "Standard" zoom. Then tap "Coupled zoom" and
tap the existing zoom area. The zoom area is duplicated. Drag the duplicate to
the required position.
Fingertip zoom ← Zoom
Magnifies the waveforms around your fingertip.
Tap the icon and put your finger on the waveform. The touched part of the waveform is displayed in a magnifier. Drag your finger on the screen to move the magnifier. You can change the zoom factor using the Navigation knob.
Search
Performs a search according to the settings in the "Search Setup" dialog
box. Tap the icon and then tap the diagram with the waveform to be searched, or
drag a rectangle to define a search gate. The search is performed on the selected
waveform.
Operating the Instrument
Toolbar
Cursor
The cursor icon shows the last selected cursor type. A short
tap on the icon activates the selected cursor.
If you touch the icon and drag your finger down, a menu opens where you can
select another cursor type: horizontal cursors, vertical cursors, or both.
Tap the diagram where you want to set the cursors, or draw a rectangle in the diagram to position the cursor lines. The resulting cursor lines measure the selected
waveform. The results appear in the "Cursor Results" box. You can adjust the cursor source, type and position in the result box. Move the cursor lines by dragging
them in the diagram, or by turning the navigation knob. Pressing the knob
switches the parameter to be changed.
Masktest
Starts the on-screen mask definition and the testing against the defined
mask.
Tap the icon and then tap the points that build the mask. Double-tap the last point
to finish mask definition. To create a rectangular mask, draw a rectangle on the
screen. You can move the mask on the screen.
To configure the mask test settings, tap the icon in the "Mask" result box.
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Histogram
The histogram icon on the toolbar shows the last selected histo-
gram type. A short tap on the icon activates the selected histogram.
If you touch the icon and drag your finger down, a menu opens where you can
select another histogram type: horizontal histogram, or vertical histogram.
Tap the icon and then drag a rectangle on the diagram to mark the histogram
area. The histogram for the selected waveform appears.
Touch and hold the histogram area to open the "Histogram" dialog box.
Measurement
Starts an automatic measurement.
You can run up to 8 automatic measurements in parallel. The "Automatic measurment" icon starts the measurements one after the other.
Tap the icon and then tap the diagram with the waveform to be measured. To
define a measurement gate, draw a rectangle on the screen.
Operating the Instrument
Toolbar
To modify the measurement, tap the icon in the "Measurement" result box.
Quick meas
Performs a set of measurements on the selected waveform. You can configure up to 8 measurement type to be included in quick measurement.
Tap the icon and then tap the diagram with the waveform to be measured.
FFT
Transforms a waveform to the frequency spectrum by fast Fourier transform (FFT). The FFT trace is shown in a new diagram.
Tap the icon and then tap diagram with the waveform to be transformed. The FFT
diagram is created from the selected waveform.
To adjust FFT settings, double-tap the FFT diagram.
Select
Enables the select mode to move and modify objects on the touchscreen.
The select mode is activated automatically when an analyzing function is completed.
Delete
Removes zoom and histogram areas and their diagrams; measurement
areas and their associated results; and mask segments. The icon also switches
off a waveform.
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Tap the icon and then tap the area or diagram to be deleted, or the waveform to
be switched off.
Save Settings
Saves the current instrument settings in a saveset. The filename is created
according to the autonaming pattern. You can reload the saveset using the "Load
saveset (Graphical recall)" toolbar icon, or using [FILE] > "Save/Recall" > "Settings".
Save Screenshot
Saves a screenshot of the current display using the settings defined in
"File" menu > "Print Setup".
Create Report
Creates a report of the current measurement settings and results using the
settings defined in "File" menu > "Report Setup".
Operating the Instrument
Toolbar
Clear all
Deletes all measurement results including long term measurement and
statistics, all waveforms, and the history.
Autoset and Preset
Performs an autoset, or a preset to a default state. The icons have
the same functionality as the corresponding keys on the front panel. They are
useful when you control the instrument remotely.
Run / Stop and Run Single
Starts and stops the continuous acquisition, or starts a defined
number of acquisition cycles. The icons have the same functionality as the corresponding keys on the front panel. They are useful when you control the instrument remotely.
Find Trigger Level
Analyses the signal and sets the trigger level to the middle of the signal
peaks.
Force Trigger
Starts an immediate single acquisition. If the acquisition is running in normal mode and no valid trigger occurs, use "Force Trigger" to confirm that a signal
is available. Then you can use the displayed waveform to determine how to trigger on it.
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Re f 1
Label
Defines a waveform label that names or explains the waveform. Tap the
icon and then tap the waveform to be labeled. If you tap the display background,
the label is assigned to the selected waveform. Enter the label text using the
onscreen keyboard. The text is shown in the same color as the waveform. You
can drag the label to another position.
Update Ref Waveform
Copies the selected source waveform with all its settings to the reference
waveform. If the acquisition is running, the reference waveform is a snap-
shot. You can configure up to four reference waveforms.
Select the required reference waveform (R1 to R4) in the toolbar menu of the
icon.
Save Waveform
Exports the waveform data to file using the settings defined in [FILE] >
"Waveforms / Results" > "Waveforms". The filename is created according to the
autonaming pattern.
Operating the Instrument
Displaying Results
Tap the icon and then tap the waveform to be exported. If you tap the display
background, the selected waveform is exported, or a multichannel export is performed if configured.
Spectrogram (option R&S RTE-K18)
Starts an FFT and the spectrogram. The FFT trace and the spectrogram
are shown in separate diagrams.
Tap the icon and then tap diagram with the waveform to be transformed. The diagrams are created from the selected waveform.
6.8 Displaying Results
The results of automatic and cursor measurements, mask tests, and searches are
displayed immediately in a result box.
There are several places to display the results:
●
In a floating result box in front of the diagrams, which you can move on the
display
●
In a minimized view (result icon) on the signal bar
●
In a separate tab
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Operating the Instrument
Displaying Results
●
For results of automatic measurements: in a docked tab below the diagram
The default position and the font size can be adjusted.
To arrange a result box on the display
► Touch the title of the result box and drag the box on the screen. The Smart-
Grid indicates where the result box will be placed.
● If you drop the box on one of the buttons, the results are shown in a separate tab besides, above, or below the diagram.
● If you drop the box on the signal bar, a result icon is created.
● If you drop the box somewhere else, a floating result box is created.
1 = Floating result box
2 = Table in a tab on the left or right
3 = Table in a tab above or below
4 = New tab
To open the corresponding setup dialog box
► In the result box, tap the icon. Alternatively, double-tap the results.
The dialog box with corresponding settings opens.
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Operating the Instrument
Using Dialog Boxes
To define the default position of results
1. Press the [DISPLAY] key on the front panel.
2. In the "Display" dialog box, select the "Diagram Layout" tab.
3. Under "Result box", select the "Default position":
● "Preview": result icon on the signal bar
● "Floating": floating result box in front of the diagrams
4. For result boxes of automatic measurements, the docked position is the
default. In docked position, the result table is placed below the diagram. To
change the default position of measurement results, select "Meas" menu >
"Gate/Display" > "Default" position.
To adjust the font size in result boxes
1. Press the [SETUP] key.
2. Select the "Screen" tab.
3. Set the "Result dialog font size".
6.9 Using Dialog Boxes
All functionality is provided in dialog boxes as known from computer programs.
You can control the instrument intuitively with the touchscreen. This section provides an overview of the accessing methods and describes how to use the dialog
boxes.
Each dialog box has four icons in the upper right corner:
Go back: opens the previously opened dialog box.
Go forward: opens the next dialog box.
Minimizes the dialog box to a small box that only contains the last selected function.
Closes the dialog box.
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For direct access to important control and measurement functions use the
toolbar, see Chapter 6.7, "Toolbar", on page 86.
To open a dialog box
► Perform one of the following actions:
● Tap the required menu, and then the menu entry.
● Press the function key on the front panel.
● If a results box is open, tap the icon to open the corresponding dialog
box.
● To open the "Vertical" dialog box of a waveform, tap its signal icon. For XY-
waveforms, the "XY Diagram" tab opens.
● Tap the horizontal or trigger label to open the "Horizontal" or "Trigger" dia-
log box, respectively.
Operating the Instrument
Using Dialog Boxes
To minimize a dialog box
If you want to change only one setting during analysis, and you need to change it
often, you can display a small box that only contains the required setting.
1. Tap the function that you need to modify.
2. Tap the "Minimize" icon in the upper right corner of the dialog box.
The dialog box turns into a small box that contains only the "Wfm Arithmetic"
setting.
3. To restore the complete dialog box, tap the "Maximize" icon in the small
box.
To close a dialog box
► Tap the "Close" icon in the upper right corner.
Or:
Press the [ESC] key on the front panel.
To select an option in a dialog box
► Tap the required option.
Or:
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Press the [⇤ Field] and [⇥ Field] keys to navigate to the required option. Then
press the [☑] key.
To select an option in a list
If many options are available - for example, for the trigger type - the options are
provided in a list. The current selection is shown on the list button.
► Tap the list button. Then tap the required option.
Or:
Use the front panel keys:
a) Press the [⇤ Field] and [⇥ Field] keys to navigate to the list button.
b) Press the [☑] key to open the list.
c) Press the [⇧] and [⇩] keys to navigate to the required option in the list.
d) Press the [☑] key to select the marked option.
Operating the Instrument
Entering Data
6.10 Entering Data
Most important parameters have their own rotary knobs on the front panel. When
you turn a knob, the input box appears the upper left corner of the screen, showing the parameter name and current value.
Using rotary knobs
1. Turn the knob to change the value.
2. To toggle the increment, tap the "Steps" icon in the input box.
3. To set the parameter to the autoset value (if available), tap the "RESET" icon.
For data input in dialog boxes, the touchscreen provides an on-screen keypad to
enter numeric values and units. For text input, the on-screen keyboard with English key layout is used.
To enter values with the on-screen keypad
1. Double-tap the entry field.
The on-screen keypad opens.
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Operating the Instrument
Entering Data
2. Enter the numeric value using the following methods:
● To use the default value, tap "Reset" (if available).
● To use the minimum or maximum value, tap "Min" or "Max", respectively.
● To increase the displayed value in fixed steps, tap "Inc".
To decrease the value in fixed steps, tap "Dec".
To toggle between small steps and large steps, tap the "Steps" icon.
● To get the value that was used before the keypad was displayed, tap
"Cur".
● To enter a user-defined value, tap the numbers and complete the entry by
tapping the unit button.
– The arrow buttons move the cursor left or right.
– "Bksp" deletes the last character before the cursor.
– "±" changes the sign of the value.
To enter data with the on-screen keyboard
1. Double-tap the entry field to open the on-screen keyboard.
If available, you can also tap the keyboard icon on the right of the entry field.
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2. Enter the text as you would on a normal keyboard.
● To enter a series of capital characters, tap "Caps".
To enter one capital character, tap "Shift".
● To use the currently defined value, tap "Cur". This is the value that was
used before the keyboard was displayed.
● The arrow buttons move the cursor left or right.
● "Bksp" deletes the last character before the cursor.
Operating the Instrument
Messages
3. Tap "Enter" to complete the entry.
To enter numeric data in a dialog box with navigation controls
1. To navigate to the entry field, press the [⇤ Field] and [⇥ Field] keys.
2. To change the value with a small step size, turn the rotary knob.
Alternatively, press the [⇧] and [⇩] keys for a larger step size.
If you edit numeric data in tables, the entry field must be in edit mode. To activate
the edit mode, press ENTER, or the [☑] key, or the navigation rotary knob.
6.11 Messages
Status messages of the instrument are displayed for a few seconds. Then they
are saved in a message box in the upper right corner of the screen. By default,
the message box is closed. You can open it to read the messages and to delete
them.
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