This GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis User Manual provides all the information specific to
the application. All general instrument functions and settings common to all applica-
tions are described in the main R&S EVS300 User Manual.
The main focus in this manual is on the analysis results and the tasks required to
obtain them. The following topics are included:
●
Welcome to the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Application
Introduction to and getting familiar with the application
●
Result Displays
Details on result displays
●
GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Basics
Background information on basic terms and principles in the context of the analysis
●
GBAS and SCAT-I Configuration + Analysis
A concise description of all functions and settings available to configure measurements and analyze results with their corresponding remote control command
●
Optimizing and Troubleshooting the Analysis
Hints and tips on how to handle errors and optimize the test setup
●
Remote Commands for GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis
Remote commands required to configure and perform GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis
in a remote environment, sorted by tasks
(Commands required to set up the environment or to perform common tasks on the
instrument are provided in the main R&S EVS300 User Manual)
●
Annex
Reference material
●
List of remote commands
Alpahabetical list of all remote commands described in the manual
●
Index
1.2Typographical Conventions
The following text markers are used throughout this documentation:
ConventionDescription
"Graphical user interface elements"
KEYSKey names are written in capital letters.
All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen, such as
dialog boxes, menus, options, buttons, and softkeys are enclosed by
quotation marks.
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ConventionDescription
Preface
Typographical Conventions
File names, commands,
program code
InputInput to be entered by the user is displayed in italics.
LinksLinks that you can click are displayed in blue font.
"References"References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by quota-
File names, commands, coding samples and screen output are distinguished by their font.
tion marks.
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2Welcome to the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis
Application
The R&S EVS300-K9/-K10 options are firmware applications that add functionality to
perform GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis on the R&S EVS300.
The K9 option enables you to receive and analyze the very high frequency (VHF) Data
Broadcast (VDB) Signal-in-Space transmitted from a Ground Based Augmentation
System (GBAS) ground subsystem to the airborne subsystem. This implementation is
in line with the specification RTCA DO-246D [1] (see chapter A.1, "References",
on page 61).
Similarly, using option K10, data from special category I (SCAT-I) systems can be
received and analyzed. The main difference is the content of the message data. This
implementation is in line with the specification RTCA DO217 [2] (see chapter A.1, "Ref-
erences", on page 61).
The R&S EVS300-K9/-K10 applications feature:
Welcome to the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Application
Installing and Activating the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Applications
●
Receiving GBAS signal data from a GBAS ground station in a frequency range
between 108.000 and 117.975 MHz with a channel spacing of 25 kHz
●
Receiving SCAT-I signal data from a SCAT-I ground station in a frequency range
between 108.025 and 117.95 MHz with a channel spacing of 25 kHz
●
Analyzing the RF characteristics, signal strength and frequency accuracy of the
GBAS/SCAT-I signal
●
Demodulating, decoding and displaying GBAS/SCAT-I signal data
●
Analyzing up to 8 time slots or individual time slot details in the GBAS/SCAT-I signal data
●
Analyzing individual Final Approach Segment (FAS) data blocks
●
Logging and storing up to 9999 lists of received GBAS/SCAT-I signal data
This user manual contains a description of the functionality that the application provides, including remote control operation.
All functions not discussed in this manual are the same as in the base unit and are
described in the R&S EVS300 User Manual. The latest version is available for download at the product homepage.
●Installing and Activating the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Applications.....................7
●Starting the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Application................................................9
2.1Installing and Activating the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Applications
The GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis applications require an additional option:
R&S EVS300-K9 (GBAS) or R&S EVS300-K10 (SCAT-I). When you purchase these
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R&S®EVS300-K9/-K10
options, Rohde & Schwarz provides the necessary license key. This key must be activated before the applications can be started.
In order to install the R&S EVS300-K9 or the R&S EVS300-K10 options, firmware version 5.1 or higher is required on the R&S EVS300.
Both the R&S EVS300-K9 and the R&S EVS300-K10 options add the common GBAS/
SCAT-I mode to the R&S EVS300.
However, in order to see the detailed GBAS data ("MT1 View", "MT4 View", "MT1
Graph", see chapter 4, "Result Displays", on page 16), the option R&S EVS300-K9 is
required.
In order to see the detailed SCAT-I data ("MT1 View", "MT4 View", "MT1 Graph", see
chapter 4, "Result Displays", on page 16), the option R&S EVS300-K10 is required.
To activate the license key
1. Press the SETUP key.
2. Press the ^ key (below SK7) to switch to the "Setup - GeneralSettings" window
Welcome to the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Application
Installing and Activating the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Applications
(2/2).
3. Press the "Options" softkey to display an overview of all available R&S EVS300
options.
4. Press the ENTER button to open an input edit field for "KEY".
5. Enter the license key number as provided by Rohde & Schwarz.
(Note: the license key consists of 18 numbers, separated by commas)
6. Press ENTER to confirm the entry.
If the key is valid, the purchased options are enabled and identified as "available"
in the overview.
Fig. 2-1: Available R&S
EVS300 options
If the key is not valid, the entered number is displayed in red.
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Welcome to the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Application
Starting the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Application
Fig. 2-2: Invalid option key
Correct the number and try again.
2.2Starting the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Application
The GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis application adds a new mode to the R&S EVS300.
► To activate the GBAS/SCAT-I mode, press the SPLIT button and select the
"GBAS/SCAT-I" option.
The main GBAS/SCAT-I window is displayed.
Remote command:
MODE_GBAS on page 46
PPS input recommended
It is strongly recommended that you connect the PPS signal of the GPS receiver to the
trigger input of the R&S EVS300. Although it is possible to operate the R&S EVS300
without the PPS signal connected, this may lead to an incorrect assignment of the data
to the time slots.
For details see chapter 3.6, "Time Slot Synchronization via PPS", on page 15.
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3Basics on GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis
The following topics summarize some background information on the GBAS and other
avionics related standards. The provided overview information is intended as an
explanation of the used terms and does not aim to be comprehensive.
●Time Slot Synchronization via PPS.........................................................................15
Basics on GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis
GBAS Specifics
3.1GBAS Specifics
GBAS is a ground based augmentation system that can enhance satellite navigation.
The GBAS is intended to improve aircraft safety and to enhance satellite navigation
and the full range of precision approach and landing procedures, as well as the terminal area operations.
GBAS components
The illustration in figure 3-1 is a simplified representation of the GBAS' three main components:
●
the GNSS satellite subsystem
●
the airborne subsystem
●
the GBAS ground subsystem.
The ground equipment consists of four reference GNSS receivers at exactly defined
positions around the airport, GBAS ground station, and a VHF data broadcast transmitter (VDB).
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Basics on GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis
GBAS Specifics
Fig. 3-1: GBAS components and signals (simplified representation)
1 = GNSS reference receiver
2 = GBAS ground station
3 = VHF data broadcast (VDB) transmitter
a = GNSS navigation message
b = Pseudorange
c = GBAS Correction message
d = VDB signal
The GBAS GNSS reference receivers receive the GNSS navigation message, perform
pseudorange measurements and transmits this information to the GBAS ground station. The GBAS ground station determines errors in the calculated positions, adds
additional parameters and approach path information, produces a GBAS correctionmessage and sends it the VDB transmitter. The VDB transmitter modulates and encodes this message and broadcasts it to the airborne GBAS equipment, for example a
GBAS receiver in the airplane. The GBAS equipment in the airplane is a high-precision
multimode receiver that evaluates the message and applies corrections parameters to
improve the navigation algorithms from GPS.
This list outlines the three signals transmitted between the components and referred to
as GBAS Signal-in-Space:
●
GNSS satellite to GBAS ground subsystem navigation signal
●
GNSS satellite to GBAS airborne subsystem navigation signal
●
GBAS ground subsystem to GBAS airborne subsystem VHF data broadcast
Carrier frequencies and frequency channels
The VHF data broadcast is defined for carrier frequencies within the range of
108.025 MHz to 117.975 MHz and carrier spacing of 25.0 kHz.
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Basics on GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis
Broadcast Timing Structure
3.2Broadcast Timing Structure
The broadcast is a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA). According to [1], the TDMA
timing structure uses a two level hierarchy, composed of 500 ms long frames, each
divided into 8 VDB time slots (A - H), see figure 3-2.
A VDB time slot is the minimum resource that an individual VDB transmitter can use.
During one time slot a VDB transmitter transmits exactly one burst.
The GBAS specification [1] defines the TDMA timing structure, including timing budget
of the VDB bursts, burst data contents and message encoding in great details. The
R&S EVS300 receives the required training sequence, decodes the message according to [1] and demodulates the D8PSK modulated data automatically.
3.3Final Approach Segment (FAS) Construction Data
According to the standard [1], the message type 4 contains one or more data sets that
contain approach data, associated vertical/lateral alert limits, and/or the Terminal Area
Path (TAP).
The FAS path is a line in space that defines the path an airplane follows on its final
approach. This line is defined by the Landing Threshold Point/Fictitious Threshold
Point (LTP/FTP), Flight Path Alignment Point (FPAP), Threshold Crossing Height
(TCH), and the Glide Path Angle (GPA).
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Fig. 3-3: Final Approach Segment (FAS) diagram, according to [1]
Basics on GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis
Data Acquisition with the Data Logger
LTP/FTP = Landing Threshold Point/Fictitious Threshold Point; point at the center of the landing runway,
defined by its WGS84 coordinates
GPIP= Glide Path Intercept Point; the point where the final approach path intercepts the local level
plane
FPAP= Flight Path Alignment Point; point at the end of the runway that in conjunction with the LTP/FTP
defines the geodesic plane of the precision final approach, landing and flight path.
TCH= Threshold Crossing Height
GPA= Glide Path Angle; angle at the TCH that describes the intended angle of descent at the final
approach path.
The coordinates of the LTP/FTP are defined in WGS84 coordinates. In this coordinate
system, a location is identified by three coordinates, the altitude, the latitude and the
longitude.
3.4Data Acquisition with the Data Logger
The Data Logger records and manages the data captured during a single measurement or a series of measurements. You can define when and how long data is stored,
and from which time slots. Up to 9999 lists with a maximum of 1 000 000 data lines
each can be recorded in GBAS/SCAT-I mode. One line corresponds to the captured
data at the receive frequency for the GBAS signal in one time slot. Within a list, each
data entry is represented by a unique index. Different lists can be used to store multiple measurements at different times, for example. The data lists are stored on the
internal compact flash card of the R&S EVS300.
The stored data can be output graphically on the screen or as a data stream in remote
operation. You can select the relevant parameters for analysis individually. For further
processing, the data can be exported to a USB storage device in CSV format.
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Selecting parameters
For each list you can define which parameters are to be displayed and stored by the
Data Logger, and in which order. Thus, you can save storage space if not all parameters are relevant for the current measurement scenario. If you add further parameters
to the selection after logging, the columns and headers will be added to the list, however the contents of those columns will remain empty. Only in subsequent data logs
the new parameters will be available. On the other hand, if you reduce the number of
selected parameters, the display is restricted immediately. However, the logged
parameter values remain available on the instrument.
When a list is stored to a file, a header line is automatically included that describes the
provided parameters.
In remote operation, the individual parameter selection is not considered. Only a complete or a short list of parameters can be selected.
Selecting time slots
Furthermore, you can select from which time slots data is logged, which can also
reduce the required storage space for the data list. Note, however, that if no time slots
are selected, data logging can not be activated.
Basics on GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis
Data Streaming
For a detailed description of the stored data see the chapter A.2, "Format Description
of GBAS and SCAT-I Data", on page 61.
Time synchronization for longterm measurements
For longterm measurements, you can configure data logging to start a new list every
hour of the day (see "Logging Mode"on page 34). This is useful to determine the
used list at a specific time easily.
To determine when to start a new list, the Data Logger refers to the operating system
clock of the R&S EVS300. In order to improve accuracy you can synchronize this clock
to a GPS or NTP server (see chapter 5.3.2, "Synchronizing the R&S EVS300 Clock",
on page 35). If the R&S EVS300 clock differs from the selected synchronization
source time by more than 1000 ms, the R&S EVS300 clock is adjusted accordingly.
3.5Data Streaming
In addition to the Data Logger, which can be operated both manually and remotely, a
data streaming function is provided for remote operation. As opposed to the Data Logger, which stores the measurement results internally in lists, the data streaming function outputs the results directly to the connected remote control device, synchronously
with the measurement. Thus, the results can be analyzed on the remote device during
an on-going measurement. The internal storage with its lists is bypassed entirely; no
results are stored on the R&S EVS300.
Using the R&S EVS300's remote commands for streaming you can specify which time
slots and channels to output, and whether a full or only a short list of parameters is
streamed. However, more detailed timing parameters as for the data logger are not
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available for streaming. Functions other than starting and stopping the data stream
must be controlled by the remote control device using other means.
Basics on GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis
Time Slot Synchronization via PPS
3.6Time Slot Synchronization via PPS
The data captured by the R&S EVS300 is assigned to the eight time slots and then
decoded.
A PPS signal from a connected GPS receiver can help the R&S EVS300 detect the
individual time slots accurately. In this case, the positive slope of the PPS signal indicates the time "0" for slot A. Data transmission may start from -1.5 ms before to +5 ms
after the PPS.
Thus, it is strongly recommended that you connect the PPS signal of the GPS receiver
to the trigger input of the R&S EVS300. Although it is possible to operate the
R&S EVS300 without the PPS signal connected, this may lead to an incorrect assignment of the data to the time slots.
The status of the PPS signal is indicated in the main view of the GBAS/SCAT-I mode.
The PPS signal should be as short as possible, with a maximum duration of 1 ms. Longer signals may cause errors at the AC-coupled trigger input of the R&S EVS300. Note
that the default PPS duration on many GPS receivers is 100 ms!
Triggering on PPS
In order to ensure a common time reference between multiple measured data sets,
data logging can be triggered such that the GPS time in the data sets is synchronized
with the PPS signal of a connected GPS receiver (see "Logging Source"
on page 33).
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4Result Displays
The data that was received by the R&S EVS300 can be evaluated in increasing detail.
●Overview of Captured Data (Main View).................................................................16
●Time Slot Details - Received Messages (Time Slot View)......................................18
●Message Type 1 - Differential Corrections (MT1 View).......................................... 19
●Message Type 4 - Final Approach Segment Data (FAS DB View).........................22
●GBAS / SCAT Data Logger List View..................................................................... 26
●Pseudorange Correction Data Graph (PRC Graph)................................................27
When you activate GBAS/SCAT-I mode, the main view displays an overview of the
captured data in all eight slots. You can return to this view from most other views by
selecting the "Main View" softkey.
Fig. 4-1: Application-specific elements in the GBAS/SCAT-I main view
1 = Receive frequency in MHz
2 = Pulse per second (PPS) status from GPS
3 = Overview of captured data in all 8 slots
4 = Measured power level in the selected slot
5 = Color bar for power level
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The following general information is displayed for a GBAS/SCAT-I measurement:
Table 4-1: Displayed general information for a GBAS/SCAT-I measurement
Label / ElementDescription
FREQ. [MHz]Receive frequency in MHz
PPS StatusPulse per second (PPS) status from GPS; if error occurs, measurement results
The overview of captured data displays the following data for each of the 8 time slots:
Table 4-2: Displayed information for each captured slot in main view
ColumnDescription
SlotSlot 0 to 7 (A to H)
Level [dBm]Measured power level
DeltF [kHz]Delta between measured frequency and nominal receive frequency
SS IDReceived station slot identifier
Result Displays
Overview of Captured Data (Main View)
may be invalid; check GPS receiver connection
Stat IDReceived station ID, equivalent to GBAS ID or SCAT ID
TLen [bit]Transmission length in bits
MsgB IDMessage identifier to distinguish GBAS/SCAT-I messages
TrS FECFEC of the training sequence
App FECFEC of the data content
Cycle [sec]Time difference between the last 2 incoming bursts
ElapT [sec]Elapsed time since the last burst reception
Selected slot
One of the slots is always selected for display or further analysis, this slot is highlighted. To change the selected slot, select the "Time Slot" softkey and select a different
slot number.
Time slot details in the "Time Slot" view are always displayed for the currently selected
slot.
In addition to the information displayed in the overview, the following information is
highlighted for the selected slot in the GBAS/SCAT-I main view:
Table 4-3: Highlighted information for the selected slot in the main view:
Label / ElementDescription
LEVEL [dBm]Measured power level in the selected slot
Color barPosition of measured power level within range of valid values (according to data
sheet); for valid measurements, ensure the power level is within the green area of
the color bar (adjust attenuation)
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Remote commands:
Querying results:
GBAS:LEV? on page 59
GBAS:FMEAS? on page 58
GBAS:GETMDEF on page 58
Result Displays
Time Slot Details - Received Messages (Time Slot View)
4.2Time Slot Details - Received Messages (Time Slot
View)
Detailed information for each of the time slots is available in the "Time Slot" view. To
display this view, select the "Slot View" softkey in the main window or any other GBAS/
SCAT-I window.
Time slot details in the "Time Slot" view are always displayed for the slot currently
selected in the main view. This slot is highlighted. To change the selected slot, select
the "Time Slot" softkey and select a different slot number.
Fig. 4-2: Information on received messages for an individual time slot
At the top of the "Time Slot" view, the general information for the time slot from the
main view is repeated for reference (for a description of the information see chap-
ter 4.1, "Overview of Captured Data (Main View)", on page 16).
In addition, the following information on the received message blocks in the selected
time slot is displayed:
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Table 4-4: Displayed information for each message block in the slot in Time Slot view
ColumnDescription
Ser.Nr.Serial number of message
Message TypeMessage type (1,2,4,11)
Result Displays
Message Type 1 - Differential Corrections (MT1 View)
Msg.Block ID
Station IDReceived station ID, equivalent to GBAS ID or SCAT ID
Msg. Len [byte]Message length
Msg.Bl. CRCMessage block CRC
Message block ID:
●
1001 1001: SCAT-I
●
1010 1010: normal LAAS message (GBAS)
●
1111 1111: test LAAS message (GBAS)
For message types 1 and 4 further details can be displayed.
4.3Message Type 1 - Differential Corrections (MT1 View)
If the time slot contains a message of type 1, further details on the differential correction data contained in the message can be displayed in the "MT1" view (it is assumed
that no more than one message of this type is available per slot). To display this view,
select the "M.Type 1 View" softkey in the "Time Slot" view.
The displayed information differs for GBAS and SCAT-I signals.
In order to see the detailed GBAS data the option R&S EVS300-K9 is required (see
chapter 2.1, "Installing and Activating the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Applications",
on page 7).
In order to see the detailed SCAT-I data the option R&S EVS300-K10 is required (see
chapter 2.1, "Installing and Activating the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Applications",
on page 7).
4.3.1GBAS Message Type 1 View
The message type 1 view displays further details on the differential correction data
contained in the message.
In order to see the detailed GBAS data the option R&S EVS300-K9 is required (see
chapter 2.1, "Installing and Activating the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Applications",
on page 7).
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Result Displays
Message Type 1 - Differential Corrections (MT1 View)
Fig. 4-3: GBAS Message Type 1 view
At the top of the window, the information for the selected message block from the Time
Slot view is displayed (see table 4-4.
On the left-hand side of the window, the following satellite-independant information is
displayed:
Table 4-5: Displayed satellite-independant information for each type 1 message in MT1 view
Z-count [m:s]
Add.Msg Flag
No. of PRCs
Meas Type
Decorr.P [m/m]
Eph.CRC MSB
Eph.CRC LSB
Avail.Durat.[s]
In addition, the following details for the differential correction data from up to 12 satellites are displayed in the MT1 view (in the order of reception):
Table 4-6: Displayed correction data for each satellite in MT1 view
SAT ID
IOD
PRC [m]
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RRC [m/s]
Spr [m]
B1 [m]
B2 [m]
B3 [m]
B4 [m]
For details on the correction data parameters refer to the GBAS specification [1].
Result Displays
Message Type 1 - Differential Corrections (MT1 View)
4.3.2SCAT-I Message Type 1 View
The message type 1 view displays further details on the differential correction data
contained in the message.
In order to see the detailed SCAT-I data the option R&S EVS300-K10 is required (see
chapter 2.1, "Installing and Activating the GBAS and SCAT-I Analysis Applications",
on page 7).
Fig. 4-4: SCAT-I Message Type 1 view
At the top of the window, the information for the selected message block from the Time
Slot view is displayed (see table 4-4.
21User Manual 1176.9212.02 ─ 02
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