Raloy IP Functions for KVM User Manual
User Manual
IP Information
For IP-capable Raloy KVM Switches
Contents
1 Conguration 1
1-1 Initial Conguration 1
1-1.1 Setup Fixed IP 2
1-2 Keyboard, Mouse and Video Conguration 3
1-2.1 IP Module Keyboard Settings 3
1-2.2 Remote Mouse Settings 3
1-2.3 Automatic Mouse Speed and Mouse Synchronization 4
1-2.4 Host System Mouse Settings 4
1-2.5 Single and Double Mouse Mode 5
1-2.6 Recommended Mouse Settings 5
1-2.7 Video Modes 5
2 Usage 6
2-1 Prerequisites 6
2-2 Login into the IP Module and Logout 7
2-2.1 Login into the IP Module 7
2-2.2 Logout from the IP Module 8
2-3 The Remote Console 8
2-4 Main Window 9
2-4.1 Remote Console Control Bar 9
2-4.2 Remote Console Status Line 14
3 Menu Options 15
3-1 Remote Control 15
3-1.1 KVM Console 15
3-1.2 Telnet Console 15
3-2 User Management 16
3-2.1 Change Password 16
3-2.2 Users and Groups 17
3-3 KVM Settings 18
3-3.1 User Console 18
3-3.2 Keyboard / Mouse 20
3-3.3 Video 21
3-4 Device Settings 22
3-4.1 Network 22
3-4.2 Dynamic DNS 23
3-4.3 Security 25
3-4.4 Certicate 26
3-4.5 Serial Port 28
3-4.6 Date and Time 29
3-4.7 Event Log 30
3-5 Maintenance 32
3-5.1 Device Information 32
3-5.2 Event Log 33
3-5.3 Update FIrmware 33
3-7.3 Update Firmware 33
3-5.4 Unit Reset 34
4 Troubleshooting 35
5 Frequently Asked Questions 36
6 Addendum 38
A. Key Codes 38
B. Video Modes 39
C. User Role Permissions 39
D. IP Module Port Table 40
E. Bandwidth Consumption 40
F. Cable Diagrams 41
1 Conguration
1-1 Initial Conguration
If DHCP mode is enabled (IP auto conguration = DHCP), the IP module will try to contact a DHCP server in
the subnet to which it is physically connected. If a DHCP server is found, it may provide a valid IP address,
gateway address and net mask. Before you connect the device to your local subnet, be sure to complete the
corresponding conguration of your DHCP server. It is recommended to congure a xed IP assignment to
the MAC address of the IP module. You can nd the MAC address labeled on the bottom side of the metal
housing.
If DHCP mode is disabled (IP auto conguration = None), the factory default IP settings are as below:
IP Address 192.168.1.22
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
IP Module Setup Tool
If this initial conguration does not meet your local requirements, use the setup tool to change the
congurations to your needs. The setup tool PSetup can be found on the CD ROM delivered with this
package. You can follow the procedures described below.
255.255.255.0
None
1. DHCP
If you have installed the IP module on a network that enables DHCP, you can use the PSetup to nd out the
IP module’s IP.
1. Plug Ethernet cable to IP module. IP MODULE will get an IP via DHCP.
2. Using PSetup (run PSetup.exe) to look for IP MODULE.
a. Select MAC address which label on bottom of IP module
b. Click Query Device
Notes:
■ BOOTP, a static conguration protocol, uses a table that maps IP addresses to physical addresses.
■ DHCP, an extension to BOOTP that dynamically assigns conguration information. DHCP is
backward compatible with BOOTP.
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2. Setup Fixed IP
c. Setup “IP auto configuration” as “ None” ; setup IP address and Subnet mask
d. Enter Super user login and password for Authentication (default : super/pass)
e. Click Setup Device. If super login was authenticated, it’ll show “Successfully configured device”.
Otherwise it’ll show “Permission Denied”.
Authentication
To adjust the authentication settings, enter your login as a super user, and change your password.
Super user login
Enter the login name of the super user. The initial value is “super”. All characters
are in lower case.
Super user password
Enter the current password for the super user. This initial value is “pass”. All
characters are in lower case.
New super user password
Enter the new password for the super user.
New password (conrm)
Re-type the new password for the super user for conrmation.
To close the window and accept the changes, press the “OK” button; otherwise
press the “Cancel” button.
1-1.1 Setup Fixed IP
For using serial terminal, the IP module has a serial line interface (host side). This
connector is compliant with the RS-232 serial line standard. The serial line has to be
congured with the parameters given in the table below.
When conguring with a serial terminal, e.g., Hyper Terminal, reset the IP module and
immediately press the “ESC” key. You will see some device information, and a “=>”
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prompt. Enter “cong”, press “Enter” key and wait for a few seconds for the
conguration questions to appear.
Parameter Value
Bits/second 115200
Data bits 8
Parity No
Stop bits 1
Flow Control None
As you proceed, the following questions will appear on the screen. To accept the
default values shown in square brackets below, press “Enter” key.
IP auto conguration (none/dhcp/bootp):
IP [192.168.1.22]:
Net mask [255.255.255.0]:
Gateway (0.0.0.0 for none) [0.0.0.0]:
IP Auto-Conguration
With this option, you can specify whether the IP module should get its network settings from a DHCP
or BOOTP server. For DHCP, enter “dhcp”, and for BOOTP enter “bootp”. If you do not specify any of
these, the IP auto-conguration is disabled and subsequently you will be asked for the following network
settings.
IP Address
The IP address the IP module. This option is only available if IP auto-conguration is disabled.
Net Mask
The net mask of the connected IP subnet. This option is only available if IP auto-conguration is
disabled.
Gateway Address
The IP address of the default router for the connected IP subnet. If you do not have a default router,
enter 0.0.0.0. This option is only available if IP auto-conguration is disabled.
1-2 Keyboard, Mouse and Video Conguration
Between the IP module and the host, there are two interfaces available for transmitting keyboard and mouse
data: USB and PS/2. The correct operation of the remote mouse depends on several settings which will be
discussed in the following subsections.
1-2.1 IP Module Keyboard Settings
The IP module settings for the host’s keyboard type have to be corrected in order to make the remote
keyboard work properly. Check the settings in the IP module Web front-end. See section 3.5.2 for details.
1-2.2 Remote Mouse Settings
A common seen problem with KVM devices is the synchronization between the local and remote mouse
cursors. The IP module addresses this situation with an intelligent synchronization algorithm. There are two
mouse modes available on the IP module:
Auto Mouse Speed
The automatic mouse speed mode tries to detect the speed and acceleration settings of the host system
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automatically. See the section below for a more detailed explanation.
Fixed Mouse Speed
This mode just translates the mouse movements from the Remote Console in a way that one pixel move
will result in n-pixel moves on the remote system. This parameter n is adjustable with the scaling. Please
note that this works only when mouse acceleration is turned off on the remote system.
1-2.3 Automatic Mouse Speed and Mouse Synchronization
The automatic mouse speed mode performs the speed detection during mouse synchronization. Whenever
the local and remote mouse cursors move synchronously or not, there are two ways for re-synchronizing
local and remote mouse cursors:
Fast Sync
The fast synchronization is used to correct a temporary, but xed skew. Choose the option using the
Remote Console options menu or press the mouse synchronization hotkey sequence in case you
dened one.
Intelligent Sync
If the fast sync does not work or the mouse settings have been changed on the host system, use the
intelligent resynchronization. This method takes more time than the fast one and can be accessed with
the appropriate item in the Remote Console option menu. The intelligent synchronization requires a
correctly adjusted picture. Use the auto adjustment function to setup the picture, and make sure that
there are no windows at the top left corner of the remote desktop that are able to change the mouse
cursor shape from the normal state. The Sync mouse button on top of the Remote Console can behave
differently, depending on the current state of mouse synchronization. Usually pressing this button leads
to a fast sync, except in situations where the KVM port or the video mode changed recently.
Note: At rst start, if the local mouse pointer is not synchronized with the remote mouse pointer, press
the Auto Adjust Button once.
1-2.4 Host System Mouse Settings
The host’s operating system knows various settings from the mouse driver.
Warning
While the IP module works with accelerated mice and is able to synchronize the
local with the remote mouse pointer, there are the following limitations, which may
prevent this synchronization from working properly:
While the IP module works with accelerated mice and is able to synchronize the local with the remote
mouse pointer, there are the following limitations, which may prevent this synchronization from working
properly:
Special Mouse Driver
There are mouse drivers that inuence the synchronization process and lead to desynchronized mouse
pointers. If this happens, make sure you do not use a special vendor-specic mouse driver on your host
system.
Windows XP Mouse Settings
Windows XP knows a setting named “improve mouse acceleration”, which has to be deactivated.
Active Desktop
If the Active Desktop feature of Microsoft Windows is enabled do not use a plain background. Instead,
use some kind of wallpaper. As an alternative, you could also disable the Active Desktop completely.
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Navigate your mouse pointer into the upper left corner of the applet screen and move it slightly forth and
back. Thus the mouse will be resynchronized. If re-synchronizing fails, disable the mouse acceleration
and repeat the procedure.
1-2.5 Single and Double Mouse Mode
The information above applies to the Double Mouse Mode, where remote and local mouse pointers are
visible and need to be synchronized. The IP module also features another mode, the Single Mouse Mode,
where only the remote mouse pointer is visible. Activate this mode in the open Remote Console and click
into the window area. The local mouse pointer will be hidden and the remote one can be controlled directly.
To leave this mode, it is necessary to dene a mouse hotkey in the Remote Console Settings Panel. Press
this key to free the captured local mouse pointer.
1-2.6 Recommended Mouse Settings
For the different operating systems we can give the following advice:
MS Windows 2000/2003 (Professional and Server) and XP (all versions)
In general, we recommend the usage of a mouse via USB. Choose USB without Mouse Sync. For a
PS/2 mouse choose Auto Mouse Speed. For XP disable the option “enhance pointer precision” in the
Control Panel.
SUN Solaris
Adjust the mouse settings either via xset m 1 or use the CDE Control Panel to set the mouse to “1:1, no
acceleration”. As an alternative you may also use the Single Mouse Mode.
MAC OS X
We recommend using the Single Mouse Mode.
1-2.7 Video Modes
The IP module recognizes a limited number of common video modes. When running X11 on the host
system, please do not use any custom mode lines with special video modes. If you do, the IP module may
not be able to detect them. We recommend using any of the standard VESA video modes, instead.
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2 Usage
2-1 Prerequisites
The IP module features an embedded operating system and applications offering a variety of standardized
interfaces. This chapter will describe both these interfaces, and the way to use them in a more detailed
manner. The interfaces are accessed using the TCP/IP protocol family, thus they can be accessed using the
LAN port of the device.
The following interfaces are supported:
HTTP/HTTPS
Full access is provided by the embedded web server. The IP module environment can be entirely managed
using a standard web browser. You can access the IP module using the insecure HTTP protocol, or using
the encrypted HTTPS protocol. Whenever possible, use HTTPS.
Telnet
A standard Telnet client can be used to access an arbitrary device connected to the IP module’s serial
port via a terminal mode. The primary interface of the IP module is the HTTP interface. This is covered
extensively in this chapter. Other interfaces are addressed in subtopics.
In order to use the Remote Console window of your managed host system, the browser has to come with a
Java Runtime Environment version 1.4.2 or above. If the browser has no Java support (such as on a small
handheld device), you are still able to maintain your IP module using the administration forms displayed by the
browser itself.
Note: We recommend installing a Sun JVM 1.5.0.4.
For an insecure connection to the IP module, we can recommend the following browsers:
■ Microsoft Internet Explorer version 6.0 or higher on Windows 2000 and Windows XP
■ Netscape Navigator 7.0 or Mozilla 1.6 on Windows 2000, Windows XP, Unix, Linux and UNIX-like Operating
Systems
In order to access the remote host system using a securely encrypted connection, you need a browser that
supports the HTTPS protocol. Strong security is only assured by using a key length of 128 Bit. Some of the old
browsers do not have a strong 128 Bit encryption algorithm.
Using the Internet Explorer, open the menu entry “?” and “Info” to read about the key length that is currently
activated. The dialog box contains a link that leads you to information on how to upgrade your browser to a
state of the art encryption scheme. The image below shows the dialog box presented by the Internet Explorer
6.0.
Newer web browsers generally support strong encryption on default.
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2-2 Login into the IP Module and Logout
2-2.1 Login into the IP Module
Launch your web browser. Direct it to the address of your IP module, which you congured during the
installation process. The address used might be an IP address or a domain name, in the case where you
have given your IP module a symbolic name in the DNS. For instance, type the following in the URL eld of
your browser when establishing an unsecured connection:
http://<IP address of IP module>
When using a secure connection, type in:
https://<IP address of IP module>
This will lead you to the IP module login page as shown below.
The IP module has a built-in super user that has all permissions to administrate your IP module:
Warning
■ The user “super” is not allowed to login via the serial interface of the IP module
■ Please make sure to change the super user password immediately after you
have installed and accessed your IP module for the rst time. Unchanging of
the password for the super user is a severe security risk and might result in
unauthorized access to the IP module and to the host system including all possible
consequences!
■ Your web browser has to accept cookies, or else login is not possible.
Navigation
Having logged into the IP module successfully, the main page of the IP module appears. This page consists
of three parts; each of them contains specic information. The buttons on the upper side allow you to
navigate within the front end. Within the right frame, task-specic information is displayed that depends on
the section you have chosen before.
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Return to the main page of the IP module.
Open the IP module remote console.
Exit from the IP module front end.
Warning
If there is no activity for 30 minutes, the IP module will log you out, automatically. A
click on one of the links will bring you back to the login screen.
2-2.2 Logout from the IP Module
This link logs out the current user and presents a new login screen. Please note that an automatic logout
will be performed if there is no activity for 30 minutes.
2-3 The Remote Console
The Remote Console is the redirected screen, keyboard and mouse of the remote host system that IP module
controls.
The Remote Console window is a Java Applet that tries to establish its own TCP connection to the IP
module. The protocol that is run over this connection is neither HTTP or HTTPS, but RFB (Remote Frame
Buffer Protocol). As default, RFB tries to establish a connection to TCP port number 443. Your local network
environment has to allow this connection to be made, i.e. your rewall and, in case you have a private internal
network, your NAT (Network Address Translation) settings have to be congured accordingly.
In case the IP module is connected to your local network environment and your connection to the Internet is
available using a proxy server only without NAT being congured, the Remote Console is very unlikely to be
able to establish the desired connection. This is because today’s web proxies are not capable of relaying the
RFB protocol.
In case of problems, please consult your network administrator in order to provide an appropriate networking
environment.
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2-4 Main Window
Starting the Remote Console opens an additional window. It displays the screen content of your host system.
The Remote Console will behave exactly in the same way as if you were sitting locally in front of the screen
of your remote system. That means keyboard and mouse can be used in the usual way. However, be aware
of the fact that the remote system will react to keyboard and mouse actions with a slight delay. The delay
depends on the bandwidth of the link to which you use to connect to the IP module.
With respect to the keyboard, the very exact remote representation might lead to some confusion as your
local keyboard changes its keyboard layout according to the remote host system. If you use a German
administration system, and your host system uses a US English keyboard layout, for instance, special keys on
the German keyboard will not work as expected. Instead, the keys will result in their US English counterpart.
You can circumvent such problems by adjusting the keyboard of your remote system to the same mapping as
your local one.
The Remote Console window always tries to show the remote screen with its optimal size. That means it will
adapt its size to the size of the remote screen initially and after the screen resolution of the remote screen has
been changed. However, you can always resize the Remote Console window in your local window system as
usual.
Warning
In difference to the remote host system, the Remote Console window on your local
window systemis just one window among others. In order to make keyboard and
mouse work, your Remote Console window must have the local input focus.
2-4.1 Remote Console Control Bar
The upper part of the Remote Console window contains a control bar. Using its elements you can see the
state of the Remote Console and adjust the local Remote Console settings. A description for each control
follows.
Ctrl+Alt+Delete
Special button key to send the “Control Alt Delete” key combination to the remote system (see also
section 3.4.1 for dening new button keys).
Auto Adjust button
If the video display is of bad quality or distorted in some way, press this button and wait a few seconds
while the IP module tries to detect the video mode of VGA port to the controlled host and adjust itself for
the best possible video quality.
Sync mouse
Activates the mouse synchronization process. Choose this option in order to synchronize the local with
the remote mouse cursor. This is especially necessary when using accelerated mouse settings on the
host system. In general, there is no need to change mouse settings on the host.
Single/Double mouse mode
Switches between the Single Mouse Mode (where only the remote mouse pointer is visible) and the
Double Mouse Mode (where remote and local mouse pointers are visible and need to be synchronized).
Single mouse mode is only available if using SUN JVM 1.4.2 or higher.
Options
To open the Options menu, click on the button “Options”.
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A short description of the options follows.
■ Monitor Only
Toggles the Monitor only lter on or off. If the lter is switched on no remote console interaction is
possible, and monitoring is possible.
■ Exclusive Access
If a user has the appropriate permission, he or she can force the Remote Consoles of all other users
to close. No one can open the Remote Console at the same time again until this user disables the
exclusive access, or logs off. A change in the access mode is also visible in the status line.
■ Mouse Handling
The submenu for mouse handling offers two options for synchronizing the local and the remote mouse
cursors.
Fast Sync
The fast synchronization is used to correct a temporary, but xed skew.
Intelligent Sync
Use this option if the fast sync does not work or the mouse settings have been changed on the
host system.
Warning
This method takes more time than the fast one and requires a correctly
adjusted picture. Use the auto adjustment function to setup the picture.
■ Local Cursor
Offers a list of different cursor shapes to choose from for the local mouse pointer. The selected shape
will be saved for the current user and activated the next time this user opens the Remote Console.
The number of available shapes depends on the Java Virtual Machine; a version of 1.4.2 or above
offers the full list.
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■ Video Settings
Opens a panel for changing the IP module video settings. IP module features two different dialogs,
which for adjusting the video settings.
Video Settings through the HTML-Frontend
To enable local video port, select this option. This option decides if the local video output of IP
module is active and passing through the incoming signal from the host system.
The option Noise Filter denes how IP module reacts to small changes in the video input signal.
Turning on the noise lter can help reduce video ickering that is often caused by distortions, as
well as lowering unnecessary bandwidth consumption. A large lter setting needs less network
trafc and leads to a faster video display, but small changes in some display regions may not be
recognized immediately. A small lter displays all changes instantly but may lead to a constant
amount of network trafc even if display content is not really changing (depending on the quality of
the video input signal). All in all the default setting should be suitable for most situations.
Video Settings through the remote console:
Brightness
Controls the brightness of the picture
Contrast
Controls the contrast of the picture
Clock
Denes the horizontal frequency for a video line and depends on the video mode. Different
video card types may require different values here. The default settings in conjuction with the
auto adjustment procedure should be adequate for all common congurations. If the picture
quality is still bad after auto adjustment you may try to change this setting together with the
sampling phase to achieve a better quality.
Phase
Denes the phase for video sampling, used to control the display quality together with the
setting for sampling clock.
Horizontal Position
Use the left and right buttons to move the picture in horizontal direction while this option is
selected.
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