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Pressure Canner and Cooker
User Manual
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Presto Pressure Canner and Cooker User Manual

Pressure Canner
and Cooker
Visit us on the web at www.GoPresto.com
Instructions and Recipes
Table of ConTenTs
©2006 by National Presto Industries, Inc.
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This is a Listed appliance. The following Important Safeguards are recommended by most portable appliance manufacturers.
IMPORTANT SAFEGUARDS
To reduce the risk of personal injury or property damage, basic safety precautions should always be followed, including the following:
1. Read all instructions. Improper use may result in bodily injury or property damage.
2. Always check the vent pipe before use. Hold cover up to light and look through vent pipe to be certain it is clear.
3. Always check the air vent/cover lock to be sure it moves freely before use.
4. Do not fill pressure canner over 2⁄3 full when using for pressure cooking. For soup, rice, and dried vegetables which expand dur­ing cooking, do not fill canner over 1⁄2 full. Overfilling may cause a risk of clogging the vent pipe and developing excess pressure. See food preparation instructions.
5. Do not pressure cook applesauce, cranberries, rhubarb, pearl barley, cereals, pastas, grains, split peas, or soup mixes containing dry beans or peas. These foods tend to foam, froth, and sputter and may block the vent pipe, overpressure plug, and air vent/cover lock.
6. This appliance cooks under pressure. Improper use may result in scalding injury. Make certain pressure canner is properly closed before operating; cover handles must be directly above the body handles. See “How To Use” instructions.
7. Do not place the pressure canner or attempt to pressure can or cook in a heated oven.
8. Caution: Do not use pressure canner on an outdoor LP gas burner or gas range over 12,000 BTU’s.
9. Extreme caution must be used when moving a pressure canner containing hot liquids. Do not touch hot surfaces. Use handles or knobs.
10. Do not open canner until internal pressure has been completely reduced, air vent/cover lock has dropped, and no steam escapes when the pressure regulator is removed. See “How To Use” instructions.
11. Caution: To ensure safe operation and satisfactory performance, replace the overpressure plug every time you replace the sealing ring or sooner if it becomes hard, deformed, cracked, worn, or pitted. It is recommended that the sealing ring and overpressure plug be replaced at least every three years.
12. Close supervision is necessary when the pressure canner is used near children. It is not recommended that children use the pres­sure canner.
13. When normal operating pressure is reached, the pressure regulator will begin to rock. Gradually lower the heat as necessary to maintain the pressure. If the pressure regulator is allowed to rock vigorously, excess steam will escape, liquid will be evaporated, and food may scorch.
14. Do not use this pressure canner for other than intended use.
15. Do not use this pressure canner for pressure frying with oil.
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS
THIS PRODUCT IS FOR HOUSEHOLD USE ONLY.
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GeTTinG aCquainTed
Your canner is a special, large capacity pressure vessel designed for home canning a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, meats, and poultry. The canner may also be used to fast cook many of your favorite foods in larger quantities than can be prepared in a conventional size pressure cooker.
The canner uses pressure to achieve the high temperatures required for safely processing foods while canning. The United States Department of Agriculture recommends the pressure canner as the only safe method for canning low-acid foods—vegetables, meats, and poultry.
The canner will also cook many foods in one-third to one-tenth the time required by conventional methods. Pressure cooking preserves flavor and nutrients and tenderizes tougher cuts of meat.
It is necessary to follow a few special rules in using and caring for your Pressure Canner. Become familiar with the various parts as shown in the diagram below and read the “How To Use” sections beginning on Pages 4, 6, 18, and 20, before using for the first time.
4 2
7
13
1. THREE-PIECE PRESSURE REGULATOR
The pressure regulator controls and maintains the correct pressure in the canner. The correct pressure is obtained when the pressure regulator begins a gentle rocking motion.
2. VENT PIPE
The pressure regulator fits over the vent pipe and allows excess pressure to be released.
3. AIR VENT/COVER LOCK
The air vent/cover lock automatically “vents” or exhausts air from the canner and acts as a visual indication of pressure in the canner. The small gasket must be in place for the air vent/cover lock to seal completely.
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4. LOCKING BRACKET
The locking bracket on the inside of the canner body engages with the air vent/cover lock to prevent the cover from being opened when there is pressure in the unit.
6. SEALING RING
The sealing ring fits into the canner cover and forms a pressure-tight seal between the cover and body during canning and cooking.
7. OVERPRESSURE PLUG
The overpressure plug is located in the canner cover. It will automatically pop out and release steam in case the vent pipe becomes blocked and/or clogged and pres­sure cannot be released normally through the vent pipe.
8. CANNING-COOKING RACK
The canning-cooking rack is placed in the bottom of the canner to hold jars off the bottom of the unit while canning. When cooking, the rack is used for steaming foods. It can also be used to hold foods such as vegetables out of the cooking liquid which allows several foods to be cooked at the same time without an intermingling of flavors. When it is desirable to blend flavors, do not use the canning-cooking rack. The canning-cooking rack must always be used when canning.
REPLACEMENT PARTS
PRESTO Canner parts are available at most hardware stores or see parts information on page 35.
When ordering parts, please specify the seven digit model number found stamped on the side of the canner body.
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befoRe usinG CanneR foR THe fiRsT TiMe
1. Remove the air vent/cover lock from the canner cover. The cup portion of the air vent/cover lock, on the inside of the cover, unscrews from the pin (Fig. A).
2. Remove the sealing ring by simply pulling it from the sealing ring groove.
3. Remove the overpressure plug by pushing it out of its opening from the top of the cover.
4. Wash the cover, body, and sealing ring with hot, sudsy water to remove any manufacturing oils.
5. Reinsert the air vent/cover lock making sure the small gasket is in place as shown (Fig. B).
6. Reinsert the overpressure plug by pushing the domed side of the plug into the opening from the underside of the cover, until the bottom edge is fully and evenly seated against the underside of the cover (Fig. C). When the overpressure plug is properly installed, the word (TOP) will be visible on the overpressure plug when viewing the outside of the cover.
7. Replace the sealing ring in the sealing ring groove, making certain to fit the ring under the stop tab located on the inside rim of the cover (Fig. D).
8. The sealing ring is prelubricated. If necessary, to help make the cover easier to open and close, a very light coating of cooking oil may be applied to the sealing ring and underside of the body lugs (Fig. E). The cover should open and close easily when following the instructions on page 5.
Cup
Body Lug
Apply Cooking Oil Here
Fig. E
Pin
Fig. A
Cover Small
Gasket
Cover
Overpressure
Plug
Apply Cooking Oil Here
Cover
Small Gasket
Cup
Top
Indented
Portion
Sealing Ring in
Sealing Ring
Groove
Fig. B
Pin
Fig. C
Cover
Stop Tab
Fig. D
How To use YouR CanneR
IMPORTANT: Read carefully. Do not attempt to use your Pressure Canner before reading these instructions.
 Before using your canner for the first time, clean according to the instructions above.
 Be sure the vent pipe is open before each use by holding the cover up to the light and looking through the vent pipe
(Fig. F). If the vent pipe is blocked, excess pressure cannot be released through it. Pressure may then build to unsafe levels. Pressure will continue to build until the overpressure plug is forced out of its cover opening. Therefore, clean the vent pipe with a small brush or pipe cleaner if it is blocked or partially blocked (Fig. G). Also clean the vent pipe nut as shown.
 The correct pressure for canning and cooking is maintained by the pressure regulator. The regulator can be adjusted to maintain
any of three pressure levels (5 pounds, 10 pounds, or 15 pounds). Completely assembled, the regulator will maintain 15 pounds of pressure.
When it is desirable to use another pressure level (see recipe section), the regulator can be adjusted by
removing the appropriate number of weight rings (Fig. H). When one ring is removed, the regulator will maintain 10 pounds of pressure. With both rings removed, 5 pounds of pressure will be maintained.
 Use the canner on a level burner and range only. Use on a tilted burner or range may interfere with
the operation of the pressure regulator. Caution: Do not use pressure canner on an outdoor LP gas
burner or gas range over 12,000 BTU’s.
15 POUNDS
PRESSURE
10 POUNDS
 The canner has been designed so the
cover will go on in only one posi­tion and rotate in only the directions indicated for closing and opening.
Fig. G
PRESSURE
Fig. H
Fig. F
5 POUNDS
PRESSURE
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Press down on the cover handles to compress the sealing ring and make the cover easier to close. The cover has the words
CLOSE V OPEN embossed on the top surface near a cover handle. Align the V mark on the cover with the
V
mark on the body handle for proper cover and body alignment (Fig. I). Turn the cover in the direction indicated to close (clockwise) until the cover handles are centered directly above body handles. Do not rotate cover beyond this point.
When the cover is rotated to the closed position, the air vent/cover lock passes under the
locking bracket. When the handles are aligned, one over the other, the pressure regulator is
Note: Cover is shown in open position. Rotate clockwise to close.
Cover
Handle
placed on the vent pipe, and heat is applied, pressure will begin to build within the canner. At this point, the air vent/cover lock lifts and locks the unit. The cover will remain locked as long as there is pressure in the canner. When pressure is completely reduced, the air vent/cover lock drops allowing the canner to be opened (Fig. J).
If the cover is not rotated sufficiently (cover handles directly above body handles), the air
Body Handle
Fig. I
vent/cover lock will only raise slightly and steam will continue to flow from it, preventing pressure from building.
 The pressure regulator is placed on the vent pipe following
the 10-minute exhaust period (see page 6, step 7). During
UNLOCKED
Fig. J
LOCKED
canning, moisture may appear near the pressure regulator, overpressure plug, and air vent/cover lock. This is normally due to condensation. This does not affect operation of the canner.
Air Vent/Cover Lock
in DOWN Position.
No Pressure in Unit.
Air Vent/Cover
Lock in UP Position.
Pressure in Unit.
To reduce pressure at the end of the canning period, turn
burner off and remove the canner from the heat source. Pressure is completely reduced when the air vent/cover lock has dropped and no steam escapes when the pressure regulator is tilted. Do not remove the pressure regulator until pressure is
completely reduced. Always remove the pressure regulator before opening canner.
If the air vent/cover lock remains in its raised position, there may still be pressure in the canner. Do not remove the pressure
regulator until the air vent/cover lock drops and no steam escapes when the pressure regulator is tilted. The cover should not be forced open. You may tap the air vent/cover lock lightly with a spoon. If pressure is present, steam will escape and the air vent/cover lock will pop back up. Continue to cool the canner until the air vent/cover lock drops.
HELPFUL HINT: To help yourself understand the operation of the pressure canner and cooker, pour 4 cups of water into the
canner and follow the step-by-step instructions beginning with step 5 on page 6. For actual usage of the canner/cooker, follow the complete instructions beginning on page 6 for pressure canning and on page 20 for pressure cooking.
PRessuRe CanninG
The United States Department of Agriculture recommends the pressure canner as being the only safe method for canning low acid foods—vegetables, meats, and poultry.
There are invisible microrganisms present all around us. Fruits, vegetables, and meat contain these microrganisms naturally, and yet, they are not a problem unless food is left to sit for extended periods of time, causing food spoilage. This is nature’s way of telling us when food is no longer fit to eat.
There are four basic agents of food spoilage—enzymes, mold, yeast, and bacteria. Canning interrupts the natural spoilage cycle so food can be preserved safely. Molds, yeast, and enzymes are destroyed at temperatures below 212°F, the temperature at which water boils (except in mountainous regions). Therefore, boiling water processing is sufficient to destroy those agents.
Bacteria, however are not as easily destroyed. The bacteria, Clostridium botulinum produces a spore that makes a poisonous toxin which causes botulism. This spore is not destroyed at 212°F. In addition, the bacteria thrive on low acids in the absence of air. For a safe food product, low acid foods need to be processed at 240°, which can be achieved only with a pressure canner.
In pressure canning, some of the water in the pressure canner is converted to steam, which creates pressure within the canner. As pressure increases, temperature increases, 5 pounds pressure—228°F, 10 pounds pressure—240°F, 15 pounds pressure—250°F. This pressurized heat destroys the potentially harmful bacterial spores. As the jars cool, a vacuum is formed, sealing the food within and preventing any new microorganisms from entering and spoiling the food.
As a safeguard against using canned foods which may be affected with spoilage that is not readily detected, boil all low acid foods and tomatoes for 10 minutes at altitudes below 1,000 feet. Extend the boiling time by 1 minute for each 1,000 foot increase in altitude.
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Many times odors that cannot be detected in the cold product will become evident by these methods. If, after boiling, food does not smell or look right, discard it without tasting.
MASON JARS: While there are many styles and shapes of glass jars on the market, only Mason jars are recommended for home canning. Mason jars are available in ½ pint, pint, and quart capacities with threads on which a cap may be screwed. See the chart below for the jar capacity of your canner. Additional information may be obtained from the manufacturers of Mason jars.
CLOSURES FOR MASON JARS: The two-piece vacuum cap consists of a flat metal lid held in place with a screw band. A rubber compound on the underside of the lid forms a seal during processing. Follow the closure manufacturer’s directions for using the two-piece cap and for testing for a proper seal. If the closure has not sealed, completely reprocess or use the food immediately. Refer to the closure manufacturer’s directions for additional information.
CANNER JAR CAPACITIES FOR PRESSURE CANNING (MAXIMUM CAPACITY)
MODEL NO. ½ PINT 1 PINT 1 QUART
01745 12 10 7
Please note: To double deck pint and half pint jars, see page 17.
How To PRessuRe Can foods
IMPORTANT: Read carefully. Do not attempt to use your canner before reading these instructions.
Follow these step-by-step instructions for pressure canning in your canner. Prepare food according to the directions in specific recipe.
1. Be sure your canner is thoroughly cleaned and working properly. Before each canning season, check the sealing ring, overpressure plug, and the rubber gasket of the air vent/cover lock. Replace these parts when they become hard, deformed, cracked, worn, pitted, or unusually soft.
2. Check Mason jars for nicks, cracks, and sharp edges. Check screw bands for dents or rust. Use only jars, lids, and bands in perfect condition so an airtight seal may be obtained.
Wash and rinse jars, lids, and bands. Pour hot water into jars
and set aside until needed. Follow closure manufacturer’s directions for bands and lids.
3. Select fresh firm food. Sort food according to size. Clean food thoroughly. Prepare according to recipe. Fill hot Mason jars promptly with food and liquid to recommended level. Allow ½-inch headspace for fruits. ALL vegetables and meats require 1-inch headspace due to expansion during processing.
Work out air bubbles with a clean nonmetallic spatula. Wipe
sealing edge clean with a damp cloth.
Adjust bands according to closure manufacturer’s direc
tions.
4. P l a c e 3 q u a r t s o f
3-quart water line
boiling wate r, cann ing rack, and jars in canner. To prevent water stains on jars, add 2 tablespoons wh ite vinegar to water in ca nner. Always use canning rack. Jars may break if set directly on bottom of canner.
5. Loo k th rou gh the vent pipe to be certain it is open before placing cover on canner. To clean the vent pipe, draw a pipe cleaner or small brush through the opening.
6. P l a c e c o v e r o n c an ner, aligning the V mark on the cover with the on the body handle and lock securely by turning in the direction indicated to close (clockwise). Cover
handles must be centered over body handles. Do not force beyond this posi­tion.
7. Exhaust air from the can
ner and jars by adjusting
-
heat to a relatively high setting to obtain a free flow of steam from the ve nt pipe. Cons ult t he instruction book which ac­companied your range for recommended heat setting. Reduce heat to maintain a moderate steam flow. Allow steam to flow for 10 minutes.
V
mark
-
Align the V mark on the
cover with the V mark on
the body handle.
-
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8. Assemble the three-piece pressure regulator to register the desired canning pressure (see page 4 for assembly instructions). See specific canning recipe to determine how many pounds of pressure to use.
10 POUNDS PRESSURE
15 POUNDS
PRESSURE
5 POUNDS
PRESSURE
9. Place pressure regulator on vent pipe. Set burner at a relatively high heat setting, on most range burners, and heat canner until pressure regulator begins to rock.
10. Processing time begins when the pressure regulator begins to rock gently. Adjust heat to maintain a slow steady rocking motion.
11. At end of processing time, turn burner to “OFF” and remove canner from heat source. Caution: Lift pressure canner
to remove it from burner. Sliding cookware can leave scratches on stovetops.
12.
Let pressure drop of its own accord, do not quick-cool.
Pressure is completely reduced when the air vent/cover lock and overpressure plug have dropped and no steam escapes when the pressure regulator is tilted. Do not use the pressure dial gauge as an indicator for when pressure
is completely reduced. Attempting to speed the cooling of the canner may cause jar breakage.
13. When pressure has been completely reduced, remove pressure regulator from vent pipe and let canner cool for 10 minutes. Do not remove the pressure regulator until pressure is completely reduced an d the a ir vent/cover lock has dropped. Always remove pressure regulator before opening the cover.
14. To remove cover, turn counter­clockwise until cover hits stop. Cover handles will be beyond the body handles. If cover seems to stick or is hard to turn, do not force it open. Sticking may indicate that there is still pressure inside the canner. If in doubt about pressure being completely reduced, let the canner stand until cool before removing the cover.
15. Lift canner cover toward you to keep steam away from you when opening.
16. Remove jars from canner. Set jars apart on board or cloth away from draft to cool. When jars are cold, test seal, re­move bands, wipe jars, label, date, and store in a cool, dry place.
CaRe and MainTenanCe
1. The outside surface may be kept bright and shiny by cleaning with a good silver polish or simply by washing with soap and water. Iron and various minerals in water and foods may darken the inside of the canner but this discoloration will in no way affect food cooked. These stains may be removed by using a solution of water and cream of tartar. For each quart of water, use one tablespoon cream of tartar. Pour enough solution into the canner to cover the discoloration (do not fill over 2⁄3 full), then close cover securely. Place regulator on vent pipe and heat until 15 pounds pressure is reached. Remove canner from heat; allow canner to stand two to three hours. Remove regulator, open canner, and empty contents. Scour thoroughly with a soap impregnated steel wool cleaning pad; wash, rinse, and dry.
Due to the acidic nature of the water supply in some areas, deterioration of the interior surface of the canner body may occur.
To minimize this effect, thoroughly scour the inside of the canner body with an abrasive cleanser at least once a year.
2. Each time the canner is washed, remove the sealing ring and wash in warm, sudsy water, rinse, dry, and replace in cover.
3. The air vent/cover lock may be removed for occasional cleaning or for replacing the small gasket (see page 4). Wash all parts in warm, sudsy water. Use a soft cloth or small nylon brush to clean the cover hole. The small gasket must be in place when reassembling the air vent/cover lock.
4. The overpressure plug can be removed for cleaning by pushing it out of its opening from the top of the cover. After cleaning, reinsert the plug by pushing the domed side of the plug into the opening from the underside of the cover, until the bottom edge
Cover
Top
is fully and evenly seated against the underside of the cover. When the overpressure plug is properly installed, the word (TOP) will be visible on the overpressure plug when viewing the outside of the cover.
If the overpressure plug is ever forced out of its cover opening due to excess pressure while cooking or canning, it is important
to call the Test Kitchen at 1-800-368-2194. Do not attempt to use the released overpressure plug.
Overpressure Plug
Indented Portion
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5. Pouring water into a dry overheated canner may crack the metal.
6. Do not strike the rim of the canner body with any cooking utensil as this will cause nicks which may damage the rim and allow steam to escape.
7. When your pressure canner is not in use, invert the cover on the canner body and store in a dry place. Storing the canner with the cover locked on may cause unpleasant odors and deform the sealing ring.
8.
To ensure safe operation and satisfactory performance, replace the overpressure plug every time you replace the sealing ring or sooner if it becomes hard, deformed, cracked, worn, or pitted. Replace the sealing ring and overpressure plug at least every three years. Failure to follow these instructions could result in bodily injury or property damage.
9. If the canner body or cover handles become loose, tighten with a screwdriver.
10. If leakage of moisture or steam develops while using your canner, check the following possible causes:
The formation of a small amount of moisture under the pressure regulator is normal when cooking or canning first begins.
This condensation is a result of the temperature of the pressure regulator being lower than the rest of the canner. If excess condensation continues, the vent pipe may be loose and should be tightened with an adjustable wrench.
Leakage between the cover and body is usually caused by shrinkage of the sealing ring after prolonged use. Replace the
sealing ring and overpressure plug.
A slight amount of leakage around the air vent/cover lock is normal when canning or cooking first begins. If leakage
continues, the cover handles may not be fully aligned with the body handles and, therefore, the cover lock cannot engage (see page 5). Clean the air vent/cover lock occasionally to assure that it operates correctly (see page 4). Replace the small gasket if cracked or nicked.
A small amount of steam or moisture may be visible around the overpressure plug as canning or cooking begins.
This will stop when the overpressure plug seals. If leakage continues, clean or replace the overpressure plug (see page 7).
Do not operate your pressure canner with continual leakage. If the preceding steps do not correct the problem, return the entire
unit to the Presto Factory Service Department (see page 35).
11. If the pressure canner becomes difficult to open or close, replace the sealing ring.
12.
IMPORTANT: The sealing ring, overpressure plug, and rubber gasket of the air vent/cover lock may shrink, become hard, deformed, cracked, worn, or pitted with normal use. Exposure to high heat, such as a warm burner or oven top, will cause these parts to deteriorate rapidly. When this happens, replace the sealing ring, overpressure plug, and small rubber gasket of the air vent/cover lock. Replace the sealing ring and overpressure plug at least every three years.
Before inserting a new sealing ring, clean the sealing ring groove with a brush. To insure safe operation of your pressure
canner, it is recommended that the overpressure plug be replaced whenever the sealing ring is replaced.
Any maintenance required for this product, other than normal household care and cleaning, should be performed by the Presto
Factory Service Department (see page 35).
PRessuRe CanninG fRuiTs and ToMaToes
Fruits and tomatoes may be processed using pressure canning or boiling water canning. The pressure processing method for fruits and tomatoes gives a heat treatment equivalent to the much longer processing time required with the boiling water canning method.
Select firm, fully-ripened but not soft fruit or tomatoes. Do not can overripe foods. Some fruits tend to darken while they are being pre­pared. To prevent the darkening, place fruit in an ascorbic acid solution (1 teaspoon ascorbic acid to 1 gallon water) or use ascorbic acid or citric acid mixtures according to package instructions.
Although fruit has better color, shape, and flavor when it is canned with sugar, it may be canned unsweetened if desired. White sugar is preferable to brown sugar for canning. Light corn syrup or honey may be used to replace up to one-half the sugar.
The amount of sugar desirable to use in preparing syrups will depend upon the tartness of the fruit and on family preference. It should be remembered that fruit, when heated, releases some of its juices which will dilute the syrup in proportion to the juiciness of the fruit.
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SYRUPS FOR CANNING FRUITS
SUGAR PER YIELD OF SYRUP QUART OF LIQUID SYRUP
Very Light 1 cup 4½ cups Light 2 cups 5 cups Medium 3 cups 5½ cups Heavy 4¾ cups 6½ cups
Heat sugar with water or juice until sugar is dissolved. Add fruit and cook until heated through. Pack fruit into clean Mason jars to within ½-inch of top of jar. Cover with hot liquid leaving ½-inch headspace. The liquid may be syrup, fruit juice, or plain water. For steps on boiling water canning, refer to page 18.
Altitude Adjustments
The processing times for pressure canning given in the specific fruit and tomato recipes are for altitudes of 1,000 feet or less. When pressure canning fruit above 1,000 feet, process at 10 pounds of pressure. When pressure canning tomatoes above 1,000 feet, process at 15 pounds of pressure. Processing time is the same at all altitudes.
The processing times for boiling water canning given in the specific fruit and tomato recipes are for altitudes of 1,000 feet or less. When processing at higher altitudes, process according to the chart below.
Altitude
1,001 – 3,000 ft. increase processing time 5 minutes 3,001 – 6,000 ft. increase processing time 10 minutes 6,001 – 8,000 ft. increase processing time 15 minutes
CANNING RECIPES: FRUITS AND TOMATOES
APPLES
Wash, peel, and cut apples into pieces. Place apples in an ascorbic acid solution (1 teaspoon ascorbic acid to 1 gallon water) to prevent darkening during preparation. Drain well. Boil apples in a light syrup or water for 5 minutes. Pack hot apples in clean, hot Mason jars, leaving ½-inch headspace. Cover apples with hot syrup or water, leaving ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 5 pounds pressure, pints and quarts 8 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints 20 minutes.
APPLESAUCE
Wash, peel, and core apples. If desired, slice apples into ascorbic acid solution (1 teaspoon ascorbic acid to 1 gallon water) to prevent darkening. Drain well. Place slices in a pan. Add ½ cup water. Cook until apples are tender. Press through food mill or sieve. Sweeten to taste. Reheat sauce to boiling. Pack into clean, hot Mason jars, leaving ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 5 pounds pressure, pints 8 minutes and quarts 10 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints 15 minutes.
APRICOTS
Wash well-ripened, firm apricots. If peeled apricots are desired, dip 1 minute in boiling water, then in cold water, and peel. Cut apricots in halves and remove pits. Place apricots in an ascorbic acid solution (1 teaspoon ascorbic acid to 1 gallon water) to prevent darkening during preparation. Drain well. Heat apricots through in a very light, light, or medium syrup or water (see above). Pack hot apricots, cut side down, in clean, hot Mason jars, leaving ½-inch headspace. Cover with boiling syrup or water, leaving ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 5 pounds pressure, pints and quarts 10 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints 20 minutes.
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BERRIES (EXCEPT STRAWBERRIES)
Wash firm berries carefully, removing caps and stems. Heat berries in boiling water for 30 seconds and drain. Pack hot berries in clean, hot Mason jars, leaving ½-inch headspace. Cover with boiling syrup or water, leaving ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 5 pounds pressure, pints and quarts 8 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints 15 minutes.
CHERRIES
Wash cherries and remove stems. Remove pits, if desired. If canning whole cherries, prick each cherry with a clean needle to prevent splitting. Heat cherries with ½ cup water or syrup to each quart of cherries. Cover pan and bring to a boil. Pack hot cherries and cooking liquid in clean, hot Mason jars, leaving ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 5 pounds pressure, pints 8 minutes and quarts 10 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints 15 minutes.
PEACHES
Wash fully-ripened but not soft peaches. Loosen skins by dipping peaches 1 minute in boiling water, then in cold water. Peel. Cut peaches in half and remove pits. Slice if desired. Place peaches in an ascorbic acid solution (1 teaspoon ascorbic acid to 1 gallon water) to prevent darkening during preparation. Drain well. Heat peaches through in very light, light, or medium syrup or water (see page 9). Pack hot peaches, cut side down, in clean, hot Mason jars, leaving ½-inch headspace. Cover with boiling syrup or water, leaving ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 5 pounds pressure, pints and quarts 10 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints 20 minutes.
PEARS
Wash pears. Peel, cut in half lengthwise, and core. Slice pears, if desired. Place pears in an ascorbic acid solution (1 teaspoon ascorbic acid to 1 gallon water) to prevent darkening during preparation. Drain well. Boil pears 5 minutes in very light, light, or medium syrup or water (see page 9). Pack hot pears in clean, hot Mason jars, leaving ½-inch headspace. Cover with boiling syrup or water, leaving ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 5 pounds pressure, pints and quarts 10 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints 20 minutes.
PLUMS
Wash firm ripe plums. Remove stems. If plums are to be canned whole, prick each side with a fork. Freestone varieties may be cut in halves and pitted. Heat plums to boiling in very light, light, or medium syrup (see page 9). Boil 2 minutes. Cover saucepan and let stand 20 to 30 minutes. Pack hot plums in clean, hot Mason jars, leaving ½-inch headspace. Cover with boiling syrup or water, leaving ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 5 pounds pressure, pints and quarts 10 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints 20 minutes.
RHUBARB
Wash young, tender rhubarb. Remove ends and cut into ½-inch pieces. Add ½ cup sugar to each quart of rhubarb. Let stand until juice appears. Heat rhubarb slowly to boiling. Pack hot rhubarb in clean, hot Mason jars, leaving ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 5 pounds pressure, pints and quarts 8 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints and quarts 15 minutes.
TOMATOES—WHOLE OR HALVED
(packed raw without added liquid)
Wash medium, smooth, firm, ripe tomatoes. Loosen skins by dipping tomatoes 1 minute in boiling water, then in cold water. Peel and remove core. Leave whole or halve. Add 2 tablespoons of bottled lemon juice or ½ teaspoon of citric acid per quart of tomatoes. For pints, use 1 tablespoon bottled lemon juice or ¼ teaspoon citric acid. Add 1 teaspoon salt to each quart, ½ teaspoon to each pint, if desired. Fill jars with raw tomatoes, pressing until spaces between them fill with juice. Leave ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 10 pounds pressure, pints and quarts 25 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints 85 minutes.
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TOMATO JUICE
Wash ripe, juicy tomatoes. Remove stem ends and cut into pieces. To prevent juice from separating, quickly cut about 1 pound of fruit into quarters and put directly into saucepan. Heat immediately to boiling while crushing. Continue to slowly add and crush freshly cut tomato quarters to the boiling mixture. Make sure the mixture boils constantly and vigorously while adding the remaining tomatoes. Simmer 5 minutes after all pieces are added. If juice separation is not a concern, simply slice or quarter tomatoes into a large saucepan. Crush, heat, and simmer for 5 minutes before juicing.
Press heated juice through a sieve or food mill to remove skins and seeds.
Add 2 tablespoons of bottled lemon juice or ½ teaspoon citric acid to each quart. Add 1 tablespoon of bottled lemon juice or ¼ teaspoon citric acid to each pint.
Heat juice again to boiling. Add 1 teaspoon of salt to each quart, ½ teaspoon to each pint, if desired. Fill jars with hot tomato juice, leaving ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 10 pounds pressure, pints and quarts 15 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints 35 minutes.
TOMATO SAUCE
Prepare and press as for making tomato juice (see recipe above). Heat in large saucepan until sauce reaches desired consistency. Simmer until volume is reduced by about one-third for thin sauce, or by one-half for thick sauce. Add 2 tablespoons of bottled lemon juice or ½ teaspoon of citric acid to each quart. Add 1 tablespoon of bottled lemon juice or ¼ teaspoon citric acid to each pint. Pour hot sauce in clean, hot Mason jars, leaving ½-inch headspace. Adjust jar lids.
Pressure canning: Process at 10 pounds pressure, pints and quarts 15 minutes.
Boiling water canning: Process pints 35 minutes.
SALSA
Process salsa using the boiling water method. Refer to page 19 for tested canning recipe.
PRessuRe CanninG VeGeTables
Pressure canning is the only safe method for canning vegetables.
Young, tender, fresh vegetables, slightly immature, are better for canning than those which are overripe. As a rule, vegetables are best if canned immediately after picking, since flavor decreases upon standing and often unpleasant color changes take place. Avoid bruising vegetables because spoilage organisms grow more rapidly on bruised vegetables than on unblemished ones.
Wash and prepare garden fresh vegetables as you would for cooking.
To raw pack vegetables, simply place the prepared vegetables into clean, hot Mason jars and cover with boiling water.
To hot pack vegetables, precook in boiling water until heated through. Pack pre-cooked vegetables into clean, hot Mason jars and cover with boiling water. Whenever possible, the precooking water should be used as liquid to cover the vegetables after packing into Mason jars. However, there are a few vegetables, such as greens and asparagus, which make the cooking water bitter and undesirable to use.
When packing vegetables, leave 1-inch headspace in Mason jars.
Foods may be processed with or without salt. If salt is desired, use only canning salt. Table salt contains a filler which may cause cloudi­ness in bottom of jars. Add ½ teaspoon canning salt to each pint jar, 1 teaspoon to each quart jar, if desired.
Follow step-by-step directions beginning on page 6 for canning procedure. Process specific vegetables according to the following recipes.
Altitude Adjustment
The processing times given in the specific vegetable recipes are for altitudes of 1,000 feet or less. When pressure canning above 1,000 feet, process at 15 pounds of pressure. Processing time is the same at all altitudes.
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