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802.11g Wireless Broadband Router
WRT-413
User’s Manual
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Copyright
Copyright 2004 by PLANET Technology Corp. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer
language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without the prior written permission of PLANET.
PLANET makes no representations or warranties, either expressed or implied, with respect to the contents
hereof and specifically disclaims any warranties, merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Any
software described in this manual is sold or licensed "as is". Should the programs prove defective following
their purchase, the buyer (and not this company, its distributor, or its dealer) assumes the entire cost of all
necessary servicing, repair, and any incidental or consequential damages resulting from any defect in the
software. Further, this company reserves the right to revise this publication and to make changes from time to
time in the contents hereof without obligation to notify any person of such revision or changes.
All brand and product names mentioned in this manual are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their
respective holders.
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to
Part 15 of FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and,
if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this
equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the
following measures:
1.Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
2.Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
3.Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
4. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio technician for help.
FCC Caution:
To assure continued compliance.(example-use only shielded interface cables when connecting to computer or peripheral
devices). Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the
user’s authority to operate the equipment.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the Following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this Device must accept any interference received, including interference
that may cause undesired operation.
Federal Communication Commission (FCC) Radiation Exposure
Statement
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure set forth for an uncontrolled environment. In order to
avoid the possibility of exceeding the FCC radio frequency exposure limits, human proximity to the antenna
shall not be less than 20 cm(8 inches) during normal operation.
R&TTE Compliance Statement
This equipment complies with all the requirements of DIRECTIVE 1999/5/CE OF THE EUROPEAN
PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunication terminal
Equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (R&TTE)
The R&TTE Directive repeals and replaces in the directive 98/13/EEC (Telecommunications Terminal Equipment and Satellite Earth Client Equipment) As of April 8,2000.
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Safety
This equipment is designed with the utmost care for the safety of those who install and use it. However, special attention must be paid to the dangers of electric shock and static electricity when working with electrical
equipment. All guidelines of this and of the computer manufacture must therefore be allowed at all times to
ensure the safe use of the equipment.
Revision
User’s Manual for PLANET 54Mbps Wireless Broadband Router
Model: WRT-413
Rev: 1.0 (March. 2004)
Part No. EM-WRT413v1
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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................1
WRT-413 Features...............................................................................................1
Package Contents.................................................................................................3
Physical Details.....................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION.....................................................................................6
Requirements........................................................................................................6
Procedure..............................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 3 SETUP...................................................................................................8
Overview...............................................................................................................8
Configuration Program..........................................................................................9
Setup Wizard......................................................................................................11
LAN Screen.........................................................................................................14
Wireless Screen..................................................................................................16
Password Screen................................................................................................19
CHAPTER 4 PC CONFIGURATION.........................................................................21
Overview.............................................................................................................21
Windows Clients..................................................................................................21
Macintosh Clients................................................................................................33
Linux Clients........................................................................................................33
Other Unix Systems............................................................................................33
Wireless Client Configuration..............................................................................34
CHAPTER 5 OPERATION AND STATUS................................................................35
Operation............................................................................................................35
Status Screen......................................................................................................35
Connection Status - PPPoE................................................................................36
Connection Status - PPTP..................................................................................39
Connection Status - L2TP...................................................................................40
Connection Status - Telstra Big Pond.................................................................41
Connection Details - SingTel RAS......................................................................42
Connection Details - Fixed/Dynamic IP Address.................................................45
CHAPTER 6 ADVANCED FEATURES.....................................................................47
Overview.............................................................................................................47
Access Control....................................................................................................47
Dynamic DNS (Domain Name Server)................................................................54
Advanced Internet Screen...................................................................................56
Virtual Servers.....................................................................................................60
WAN Port Configuration......................................................................................64
CHAPTER 7 ADVANCED ADMINISTRATION.........................................................67
Overview.............................................................................................................67
Config File...........................................................................................................68
Logs....................................................................................................................69
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Network Diagnostics............................................................................................71
Options................................................................................................................72
PC Database.......................................................................................................74
Remote Admin....................................................................................................78
Routing................................................................................................................79
Security...............................................................................................................83
Upgrade Firmware...............................................................................................85
APPENDIX A TROUBLESHOOTING.......................................................................86
Overview.............................................................................................................86
General Problems...............................................................................................86
Internet Access...................................................................................................86
Wireless Access..................................................................................................87
APPENDIX B ABOUT WIRELESS LANS................................................................88
Modes.................................................................................................................88
BSS/ESS.............................................................................................................88
Channels.............................................................................................................88
WEP....................................................................................................................89
Wireless LAN Configuration................................................................................89
APPENDIX C SPECIFICATIONS.............................................................................90
Multi-Function WRT-413.....................................................................................90
Wireless Interface...............................................................................................90
Regulatory Approvals..........................................................................................91
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Chapter 1
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Introduction
This Chapter provides an overview of the WRT-413's features and capabilities.
Congratulations on the purchase of your WRT-413. It is a multi-function device providing the following services:
• Shared Broadband Internet Access for all users.
• 4-Port Switching Hub for 10Base-T or 100Base-TX connections.
• Wireless Access Point for 802.11b and 802.11g Wireless Clients.
Figure 1: WRT-413
Features
WRT-413 incorporates many advanced features, carefully designed to provide sophisticated functions while
being easy to use.
Internet Access Features
• Shared Internet Access. All users on the LAN or WLAN can access the Internet through the WRT-413,
using only a single external IP Address. The local (invalid) IP Addresses are hidden from external sources
and this process is called NAT (Network Address Translation).
• xDSL & Cable Modem Supported. The WRT-413 has a 10/100Base-TX Ethernet port for connecting
xDSL or Cable Modem. All popular xDSL and Cable Modems are supported. SingTel RAS and Big Pond
(Australia) login support is also included.
• PPPoE, PPTP, SingTel RAS and Telstra Big Pond Support. The Internet connection supports
PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet), PPTP (Peer-to-Peer Tunneling Protocol), SingTel RAS and Telstra Big Pond
(Australia), as well as "Direct Connection" type services. Unnumbered IP with PPPoE is also supported.
• Fixed or Dynamic IP Address. On the Internet (WAN port) connection, the WRT-413 supports both
Dynamic IP Address (IP Address is allocated on connection) and Fixed IP Address.
Advanced Internet Functions
• Communication Applications. Support for Internet communication applications, such as interactive
Games, Telephony, and Conferencing applications, which are often difficult to use when behind a Firewall,
is included.
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• Special Internet Applications. Applications which use non-standard connections or port numbers are
normally blocked by the Firewall. The ability to define and allow such applications is provided, to enable
such applications to be used normally.
• Virtual Servers. This feature allows Internet users to access the Internet services on your LAN. The
required setup is quick and easy.
• DDNS Support. DDNS (Dynamic DNS) allows Internet users to connect to Virtual Servers on your LAN
using a domain name, even if your IP address is not fixed.
• Multi-DMZ. For each legal IP address allocated to you, one (1) PC on your local LAN can be configured
to allow unrestricted 2-way communication with Servers or individual users on the Internet. This provides
the ability to run programs which are incompatible with Firewalls.
• URL Filter. Use the URL Filter to block access to undesirable Web sites by LAN users.
• Internet Access Log. See which Internet connections have been made.
• Access Control. Using the Access Control feature, you can assign LAN users to different groups, and
determine which Internet services are available to each group.
• VPN Pass through Support. PCs with VPN (Virtual Private Networking) software using PPTP, L2TP
and IPSec are transparently supported - no configuration is required.
Wireless Features
• Standards Compliant. The WRT-413 complies with the IEEE802.11g (DSSS) specifications for Wireless
LANs.
• Supports both 802.11b and 802.11g Wireless Clients. The 802.11g standard provides for backward
compatibility with the 802.11b standard, so both 802.11b and 802.11g Wireless clients can be used simultaneously.
• Speeds to 54Mbps. All speeds up to the 802.11g maximum of 54Mbps are supported.
• WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) support. Supports WEP64 and WEP128.
• WPA-PSK support.
• Wireless MAC Access Control. The feature can check the MAC address of each wireless client to allows
access your LAN.
• Simple Configuration. If the default settings are unsuitable, they can be changed quickly and easily via
the web configuration.
LAN Features
• 4-Port Switching Hub. The WRT-413 incorporates a 4-port 10/100Base-TX switching hub, making it
easy to create or extend your LAN.
• DHCP Server Support. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol provides a dynamic IP address to PCs and
other devices upon request. The WRT-413 can act as a DHCP Server for devices on your local LAN and
WLAN.
• Multi Segment LAN Support. LANs containing one or more segments are supported, via the WRT-413's
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) support and built-in static routing table.
Configuration & Management
• Easy Setup. Use your WEB browser from anywhere on the LAN or WLAN for configuration.
• Configuration File Upload/Download. Save (download) the configuration data from the WRT-413 to
your PC, and restore (upload) a previously-saved configuration file to the WRT-413.
• Remote Management. The WRT-413 can be managed from any PC on your LAN. And, if the Internet
connection exists, it can also (optionally) be configured via the Internet.
• Network Diagnostics. You can use the WRT-413 to perform a Ping or DNS lookup.
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• UPnP Support. UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) allows automatic discovery and configuration of the
WRT-413. UPnP is by supported by Windows Me, XP, or later.
Security Features
• Password - protected Configuration. Optional password protection is provided to prevent unauthorized
users from modifying the configuration data and settings.
• Wireless LAN Security. WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) is supported, as well as Wireless access
control to prevent unknown wireless clients accessing your LAN.
• NAT Protection. An intrinsic side effect of NAT (Network Address Translation) technology is that by
allowing all users to share a single IP address, the location and even the existence of each PC is hidden.
From the external viewpoint, there is no network, only a single device - the WRT-413.
• Stateful Inspection Firewall. All incoming data packets are monitored and all incoming server requests
are filtered, thus protecting your network from malicious attacks from external sources.
• Protection against DoS attacks. DoS (Denial of Service) attacks can flood your Internet connection with
invalid packets and connection requests, using so much bandwidth and so many resources that Internet access becomes unavailable. The WRT-413 incorporates protection against DoS attacks.
Package Contents
The following items should be included:
• 1 x WRT-413
• 1 x Power Adapter
• 1 x Quick Installation Guide
• 1 x CD-ROM (includes manual)
• 1 x External Antenna
If any of the above items are damaged or missing, please contact your dealer immediately.
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Physical Details
Front-mounted LEDs
LNK/ACT
POWER
Power LED On - Power on.
Off - No power.
Status (Red)
LED
On - Error condition.
Off - Normal operation.
Blinking - This LED blinks during start up, and during a Firmware Up-
grade.
LAN LEDs
For each port, there are 2 LEDs
• LNK/ACT
• On - Corresponding LAN port is active.
• Off - No active connection on the corresponding LAN port.
• Flashing - Data is being transmitted or received via the corre-
• 100
• On - Corresponding LAN port is using 100Base-TX.
• Off - Corresponding LAN port connection is using 10Base-T, or
LAN
100STATUS
1234
WAN
WLAN
Figure 2: Front Panel
sponding LAN port.
no active connection.
802.11g Wireless Router
WAN LED On - Connection to the Broadband Modem attached to the WAN port is
established.
Off - No connection to the Broadband Modem.
Flashing - Data is being transmitted or received via the WAN port.
WLAN LED On - Wireless connection available; Wireless Access Point is ready for
use.
Off - No Wireless connection available.
Flashing - Data is being transmitted or received via the Wireless interface
of WRT-413. Data includes "network traffic" as well as user
data.
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Rear Panel
12V DC
Power (12V DC)
LAN port (1-4)
10/100Base-TX
WAN port
(10/100Base-TX)
Reset Button
+
4321WANANT
RESET
Figure 3: Rear Panel
Connect the supplied power adapter here.
Use standard LAN cables (with RJ45 connectors) to connect your
PCs to these ports.
If required, any port can be connected to another hub/switch. Any
LAN port will automatically function as an "Uplink" port when
necessary.
Connect the xDSL or Cable Modem here. If your modem came with a
cable, use the supplied cable. Otherwise, use a standard LAN cable.
This button has two (2) functions:
• Reboot. When pressed and released, the WRT-413 will reboot.
• Clear All Data. This button can also be used to clear ALL data
and restore ALL settings to the factory default values.
To Clear All Data and restore to factory default:
1. Power Off.
2. Hold the Reset Button down while you Power On.
3. Keep holding the Reset Button for a few seconds, until the RED
LED has flashed TWICE.
4. Release the Reset Button. The WRT-413 is now using the factory
default values.
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Chapter 2
2
Installation
This Chapter covers the physical installation of the WRT-413.
Requirements
• Network cables connection. Use standard 10/100Base-TX network cables (UTP) with RJ45 connectors.
• TCP/IP protocol must be installed on all PCs.
• For Internet Access, an Internet Access account from ISP and either of a xDSL or Cable modem (for WAN
port usage)
• To use the Wireless Access Point, all Wireless devices must be compliant with the IEEE802.11b or
IEEE802.11g specifications.
Procedure
Figure 4: Installation Diagram
1. Choose an Installation Site
Select a suitable place on the network to install the WRT-413.
Ensure the WRT-413 and the xDSL/Cable modem are powered OFF.
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For best Wireless reception and performance, the WRT-413
should be positioned in a central location with minimum
obstructions between the WRT-413 and the PCs.
Also, if using multiple Access Points, adjacent Access
Points should use different Channels.
2. Connect LAN Cables
Use standard LAN cables to connect PCs to the LAN ports on the WRT-413. Both 10Base-T and 100BaseTX connections can be used simultaneously.
If required, connect any LAN port to a normal port on another Hub/Switch, using a standard LAN cable. The
LAN ports on the WRT-413 will automatically function as an "Uplink" port when required.
3. Connect WAN Cable
Connect the xDSL or Cable modem to the WAN port on the WRT-413. Use the cable supplied with your
xDSL/Cable modem. If no cable was supplied, please use a standard cable.
4. Power Up
• Power on the Cable or xDSL modem.
• Power on WRT-413. Use only the provided power adapter to connect. Using a different one may cause
WRT-413 hardware damage
5. Check the LEDs
• The Power LED should be ON.
• The Status LED should flash, then turn Off. If it stays on, there is a hardware error.
• For each LAN (PC) connection, the LAN LNK/ACT LED should be ON (when the connected PC is ON.)
• The WAN LED should be ON.
• The WLAN LED should be ON
For more information, refer to Front-mounted LEDs in Chapter 1.
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Chapter 3
3
Setup
This Chapter provides Setup details of WRT-413.
Overview
This chapter describes the setup procedure for:
• Internet Access
• LAN configuration
• Wireless setup
• Assigning a Password to protect the configuration data.
PCs on your local LAN may also require configuration. For details, see Chapter 4 - PC Configuration.
Other configuration may also be required, depending on the features and functions of the WRT-413 you wish to
use. Refer to the table below to locate detailed instructions for the required functions.
To Do this: Refer to:
Configure PCs on your LAN. Chapter 4:
PC Configuration
Check WRT-413 operation and Status. Chapter 5:
Operation and Status
Use any of the following Advanced features:
• Access Control
• Dynamic DNS
• Advanced Internet (Special Applications, DMZ, URL
Filter)
• Virtual Servers (Port Forwarding)
• WAN Port Setup
Use any of the following Administration Configuration
settings or features:
• Config File download/upload
• Logs
• Network Diagnostics (Ping, DNS Lookup)
• Options (Backup DNS, TFTP, UPnP, Firewall)
• PC Database
• Remote Management
• Routing (RIP and static Routing)
• Security settings
• Firmware Upgrade
Chapter 6:
Advanced Features
Chapter 7
Advanced Administration
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Configuration Program
The WRT-413 contains an HTTP server. This enables you to connect to it, and configure it, using your Web
Browser that has support JavaScript.
The configuration program has been tested on the following browsers:
• Netscape V4.08 or later
• Internet Explorer V4 or later
Preparation
Before attempting to configure the WRT-413, please ensure that:
• Your PC can establish a physical connection to the WRT-413. The PC and the WRT-413 must be directly
connected (using the LAN port on the WRT-413) or on the same LAN segment.
• The WRT-413 must be installed and powered ON.
• If the WRT-413's default IP address (192.168.0.1) is already used by another device, the other device must
be turned OFF until the WRT-413 is allocated a new IP Address during configuration.
Using UPnP
If your Windows system supports UPnP, an icon for the WRT-413 will appear in the system tray, notifying you
that a new network device has been found, and offering to create a new desktop shortcut to the newly-discovered
device.
• Unless you intend to change the IP Address of the WRT-413, you can accept the desktop shortcut.
• Whether you accept the desktop shortcut or not, you can always find UPnP devices in My Network Places
(previously called Network Neighborhood).
• Double - click the icon for the WRT-413 (either on the Desktop, or in My Network Places) to start the
configuration. Refer to the following section Setup Wizard for details of the initial configuration process.
Using your Web Browser
To establish a connection from your PC to the WRT-413:
1. After installing the WRT-413 in your LAN.
2. Set your PC as a DHCP client and start. If your PC is already running, restart it.
3. Start your WEB browser.
4. In the Address field, enter "HTTP://" and the IP Address of the WRT-413, as in this example, which uses the
WRT-413's default IP Address:
HTTP://192.168.0.1
The default password is blank, so your will not be prompted for a password. However, you should assign a
password to your WRT-413. Please refer to the Password section later in this chapter for details.
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If you can't connect WRT-413 configure screen
If the WRT-413 does not respond, check the following:
• The WRT-413 is properly installed, LAN connection is OK, and it is powered
ON. You can test the connection by using the "Ping" command:
• Open the MS-DOS window or command prompt window.
• Enter the command:
ping 192.168.0.1
If no response is received, either the connection is not working, or your
PC's IP address is not compatible with the WRT-413's IP Address. (See
next item.)
• If your PC is using a fixed IP Address, its IP Address must be within the range
192.168.0.2 to 192.168.0.254 to be compatible with the WRT-413's default IP
Address of 192.168.0.1. Also, the Network Mask must be set to 255.255.255.0.
See Chapter 4 - PC Configuration for details on checking your PC's TCP/IP
settings.
• Ensure that your PC and the WRT-413 are in the same network segment. (If
you don't have a router, this must be the case.)
• Ensure you are using the wired LAN interface. The Wireless interface can only
be used if its configuration matches your PC's wireless settings.
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Setup Wizard
The first time you connect to the WRT-413, the Setup Wizard will run automatically. (The Setup Wizard will
also run if the WRT-413's default settings are restored.)
1. Step through the Wizard until finished.
• You need to know the type of Internet connection service used by your ISP. Check the data supplied by
your ISP.
• The common connection types are explained in the tables below.
2. On the final screen of the Wizard, run the test and check that an Internet connection can be established.
3. If the connection test fails:
• Check your settings, Cable/xDSL modem status and all physical connections.
• Check that you have entered all data correctly, as ISP provided.
• If using a Cable modem, your ISP may have recorded the MAC address of your PC. Run the Wizard,
and on the Cable Modem screen, use the "Clone MAC address" button to copy the MAC address from
your PC to the WRT-413.
Common Connection Types
Cable Modems
Type Details ISP Data required
Dynamic
IP Address
Static (Fixed)
IP Address
Your IP Address is allocated
automatically, when you connect
to you ISP.
Your ISP gives a permanent IP
Address to you.
Usually, none.
However, some ISP's may require
you to use a particular Hostname,
Domain name, or MAC (physical)
address.
IP Address allocated to you.
Some ISP's may also require you to
use a particular Hostname, Domain
name, or MAC (physical) address.
xDSL Modems
Type Details ISP Data required
Dynamic
IP Address
Static (Fixed)
IP Address
Your IP Address is allocated
automatically, when you connect to
you ISP.
Your ISP allocates a permanent IP
Address to you.
None.
IP Address allocated to you.
PPPoE You connect to the ISP only when
required. The IP address is usually
allocated automatically.
PPTP PPTP is mainly used in Europe.
You connect to the ISP only when
required. The IP address is usually
allocated automatically, but may be
Static (Fixed).
User name and password.
• Server IP Address.
• User name and password.
• IP Address allocated to you,
if Static (Fixed).
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Other Modems (e.g. Broadband Wireless)
Type Details ISP Data required
Dynamic
IP Address
Static (Fixed)
IP Address
Your IP Address is allocated
automatically, when you connect to
you ISP.
Your ISP allocates a permanent IP
Address to you.
Big Pond (Australia)
For this connection method, the following data is required:
• User Name
• Password
• Big Pond Server IP address
SingTel RAS
For this connection method, the following data is required:
• User Name
• Password
• RAS Plan
None.
IP Address allocated to you.
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Home Screen
After finishing the Setup Wizard, you will see the Home screen. When you connect in future, you will see this
screen when you connect. An example screen is shown below.
Figure 5: Home Screen
Navigation & Data Input
• Use the menu bar on the left of the screen, and the "Back" button on your Browser, for navigation.
• Changing to another screen without clicking "Save" does NOT save any changes you may have made. You
must "Save" before changing screens or your data will be ignored.
On each screen, clicking the "Help" button will
display help for that screen.
From any help screen, you can access the list of all
help index.
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LAN
Click the LAN option on the main menu to reach the LAN configuration. An example screen is shown below.
Figure 6: LAN Screen
Parameters
TCP/IP
IP Address
Subnet Mask
DHCP Server
Buttons
Save
IP address for the WRT-413, as seen from the local LAN. Use the
default value unless the address is already in use or your LAN is using
a different IP address range. In the latter case, enter an unused IP
Address from within the range used by your LAN.
The default value 255.255.255.0 is standard for small (class "C")
networks. For other networks, use the Subnet Mask for the LAN
segment to which the WRT-413 is attached (the same value as the PCs
on that LAN segment).
• If Enabled, the WRT-413 will allocate IP Addresses to PCs
(DHCP clients) on your LAN when they start up. The default (and
recommended) value is Enabled.
• If you have already a DHCP Server, this setting must be “Dis-
abled”, and the existing DHCP server must be re-configured to
treat the WRT-413 as the default Gateway. See the following section for further details.
• The Start IP Address and Finish IP Address fields set the values
used by the DHCP server when allocating IP Addresses to DHCP
clients. This range also determines the number of DHCP clients
supported.
See the following section for further details on using DHCP.
Save the data on screen.
Cancel
The "Cancel" button will discard any data you have entered and reload
the file from the WRT-413.
DHCP
What DHCP Does
A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Server allocates a valid IP address to a DHCP Client (PC or
device) upon request.
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• The client request is made when the client device starts up.
• The DHCP Server provides the Gateway and DNS IP addresses to the client, as well as allocating an IP
Address.
• The WRT-413 can act as a DHCP server.
• Windows 95/98/Me and other non-Server versions Windows OS will act as a DHCP client. This is the
default Windows setting for the TCP/IP network protocol. However, Windows uses the term Obtain an IP
Address automatically instead of "DHCP Client".
• You can NOT have two (2) or more DHCP Servers on the same LAN segment. In one LAN, only one DHCP
Server can exist to assign IP address to the clients.
Using the WRT-413's DHCP Server
The DHCP Server settings are on the LAN option. In this option, you can:
• Enable or Disable the WRT-413's DHCP Server function.
• Set the range of IP Addresses that will allocate to clients by this DHCP Server.
You can assign Fixed IP Addresses to some devices
while DHCP Server enable, please make sure the Fixed
IP addresses are NOT within the IP range which used by
the DHCP Server.
Using another DHCP Server
If you wish to use another DHCP Server, rather than the WRT-413's, the following procedure is required.
1. Disable the DHCP Server fn the WRT-413. This setting is on the LAN screen.
2. Configure the DHCP Server to provide the WRT-413's IP Address as the Default Gateway to the clients to
access Internet.
To Configure your PCs to work with DHCP Server
The default setting under Windows TCP/IP network is a DHCP client. Please check Chapter 4 - Client Configuration for the procedure to check these settings.
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Wireless
Click the Wireless option on the main menu to configure the Wireless settings. A configuration screen will show
below.
Parameters
Identification
Client name
Region
SSID
Options
Mode
Figure 7: Wireless Screen
It shows the WRT-413 name..
Select your region from the drop-down list. This field displays the
region of operation for the wireless interface is intended. If your country or region is not listed, please check with your local government
agency for more information on which channels you are allowed to use,
and select a region which compatible with those channels. (The channel
number will changed according to the selected region.)
SSID is used by all wireless devices within the ESS or extended wireless LAN. The SSID value must be the same on all clients and Access
points in this WLAN.
Select the desired mode:
• g & b - Both 802.11.g and 802.11b wireless clients will be able to
connect to WRT-413.
• g only - Only 802.11b connections are available.
• b only - Only 802.11b connections are available. 802.11g clients
will only be able to use the WRT-413 if they are fully backwardcompatible with the 802.11b standard.
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Channel No.
Broadcast SSID
Wireless Security
Access Point
Enable Access
Point
Allow LAN
access by:
Allow Internet
access by:
This option determines which operating channel will be used to the
clients. The channel number will changed depended on different region.
Select the desired channel. If there is adjacent Access Points, they
should use different channels to avoid interference.
When enabled, the SSID will be broadcasted to all wireless clients. The
clients which have no SSID (or a "null" value) can then adopt the
WRT-413’s SSID to connect to it.
• Current Setting - This will display "Enabled" or "Disabled"
• Configure - Click this button to access the Wireless Security sub-
screen and configure encryption settings.
• Select Enable. Wireless clients will be able to locate and use this
Access Point. If this option is not be selected, WRT-413 wireless
interface will disabled.
• The WLAN LED on the front panel will remain OFF if the Wire-
less interface is disabled.
• All Wireless Clients - All wireless clients can access to your LAN
via WRT-413.
• Selected Wireless clients only - Only selected wireless clients can
access to your LAN. To select the required wireless clients, click
the "Select Clients" button. You can find all the wireless clients in
the list and select which clients are allow to access to your LAN.
• All Wireless Clients - All wireless clients can access to Internet
via WRT-413.
• Selected Wireless clients only - Only selected wireless clients can
access to Internet. To select the required wireless clients, click the
"Select Clients" button. You can find all the wireless clients in the
list and select which clients are allow to access to Internet service.
Buttons
Configure
Select Stations
Save
Cancel
Click this button to configure the Wireless Security as next page.
Click this button to select the required PCs.
Save current settings.
The "Cancel" button will discard all the settings to the configuration
that you have entered since the last "Save" operation.
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Wireless – Wireless Security
After click the “Configure” button of Wireless option, you can see the screen as below and configure the settings
for wireless data encryption.
Parameters
Security System
Authentication
Type
Key Size
Figure 8: WEP Screen
• Disabled – It is the default setting. Data will NOT encrypted
before being transmitted.
• WEP – WEP is an authentication algorithm, which protects au-
thorized Wireless LAN users against eavesdropping.
• WPA-PSK – It is an extra-strong encryption where encryption
keys are automatically changed (called Rekeying) and authenticated between devices after a specified period of time, or after a
specified number of packets has been transmitted. When you select
this mode, please check the screen below to configure. It’s configure screen is different to WEP mode.
Normally, this should be left at the default value of “Automatic”. If
changed to “Open System” or “Shared Key”, ensure that your wireless
clients have set with the same setting.
• 64-bit – Data will be encrypted with the Default Key before
transmitted. For 64-bit Encryption, the Default Key size is 5 chars
(ASCII) or 10 chars in HEX.
• 128-bit – Data will be encrypted, using the default key, before
being transmitted. For 128-bit Encryption, the Default Key size is
13 chars (ASCII) or 26 chars in HEX
Key Input
Key 1 ~ 4
Select "Hex" or "ASCII", depending on your input method.
There are 4 keys available, please select one of them to use.
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Key Value
Passphrase
Enter the Key Value you wish to use. Please ensure you have enter
correct number for the key values with different Key Length and coding
(Hex or ASCII) as 64bit (10 Hex digit / 5 ASCII), 128bit (26 Hex digit
/ 13 ASCII).
If desired, you can generate a key from a phrase, instead of entering the
key value directly. Enter the desired phrase, and click the "Generate "
button.
Parameters
PSK
Key Lifetime
Encryption
Figure 9-1: WPA-PSK Screen
You may enter a hard-to-guess passphrase (between 8 and 63 characters)
to be your PSK (Pre Shared Key).
In default, it is 3600 Seconds. You can change the time to you want
(from 0 to 9999).
TKIP can change the encryption key frequently to enhance the wireless
LAN security.
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Password
The password screen allows you to assign a password to the WRT-413.
Figure 10: Password Screen
Once you have assigned a password, WRT-413 will be prompted you the dialog box below for enter password
when you login to the configure screen. (If no password has been set, this dialog will not appear.)
Figure 11: Password Dialog
• Leave the "User Name" blank.
• Enter the password as you have set before.
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Chapter 4
4
PC Configuration
This Chapter details the PC Configuration required on the local ("Internal") LAN.
Overview
For each PC, the following may need to be configured:
• TCP/IP network settings
• Internet Access configuration
• Wireless configuration
Windows Clients
This section describes how to configure Windows clients for Internet access via the WRT-413.
The first step is to check the PC's TCP/IP settings.
WRT-413 uses TCP/IP protocol for all functions, so it is essential that the TCP/IP protocol be installed and
configured on each PC.
TCP/IP Settings - Overview
If using default settings of WRT-413 and Windows TCP/IP configuration, no changes
will be needed.
• By default, the WRT-413 will act as a DHCP Server, automatically providing a suitable IP Address (and
related information) to each PC when the PC boots.
• For Windows, the default TCP/IP setting is to act as a DHCP client.
If using a Fixed IP address, the following changes are required:
• The Gateway must be set to the IP address of the WRT-413
• The DNS should be set to the address provided by your ISP.
If your LAN has a Router, the LAN Administrator must to
re-configure the Router. Please refer to Chapter 8 - Ad-
vanced Setup for details.
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Checking TCP/IP Settings - Windows 9x/Me:
1. Select Control Panel - Network. You should see a screen as below:
Figure 12: Network Configuration
2. Select the TCP/IP protocol for your network card.
3. Click on the Properties button. You should then see a screen as below.
Figure 13: IP Address (Win 95)
Ensure your TCP/IP settings are correct, as follows:
Using DHCP
To use DHCP, select “Obtain an IP Address automatically “. This is the default in Windows. Using this setting
is recommended. By default, the WRT-413 will act as a DHCP Server.
Restart your PC and ensure it obtains an IP Address from the WRT-413.
Using "Specify an IP Address"
If your PC is already configured, check with your network administrator before configure the following settings:
• On the Gateway tab, enter the WRT-413's IP address in the New Gateway field and click Add. Your network
administrator can advise you of the IP address they had assigned to the WRT-413.
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Figure 14: Gateway Tab (Win 95/98)
• On the DNS Configuration tab, ensure Enable DNS is selected. If the DNS Server Search Order list is
empty, enter the DNS address provided by your ISP, then click Add.
Figure 15: DNS Tab (Win 95/98)
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Checking TCP/IP Settings - Windows NT4.0
1. Select Control Panel - Network, and, on the Protocols tab, select the TCP/IP protocol, as shown below.
Figure 16: Windows NT4.0 - TCP/IP
2. Click the “Properties…“ button, you will see a screen as below.
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Figure 17: Windows NT4.0 - IP Address
3. Select the network adapter you are using.
4. Select “Obtain an IP address from a DHCP Server“ or “Specify an IP Address” as explained below.
Obtain an IP address from a DHCP Server
To use DHCP, select “Obtain an IP Address automatically “. This is the default in Windows. Using this setting
is recommended. By default, the WRT-413 will act as a DHCP Server.
Restart your PC and ensure it has obtain an IP Address from your WRT-413.
Specify an IP Address
If your PC is already configured, check with your network administrator before configure the following settings.
1. The Default Gateway is set to the IP address of the WRT-413.
• Click the Advanced button on the screen above.
• On the following screen, click the Add button in the Gateways panel, and enter the WRT-413's IP ad-
dress, as shown in Figure 18 below.
• If necessary, use the Up button to make the WRT-413 to the first entry in the gateway list.
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Figure 18 - Windows NT4.0 - Add Gateway
2. The DNS should be set to the address provided by your ISP, as follows:
• Click the DNS tab.
• In the DNS screen below, click the Add button (under DNS Service Search Order), and enter the DNS
provided by your ISP.
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Figure 19: Windows NT4.0 - DNS
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Checking TCP/IP Settings - Windows 2000:
1. Select Control Panel - Network and Dial-up Connection.
2. Right - click the Local Area Connection icon and select Properties. You should see a screen as below:
Figure 20: Network Configuration (Win 2000)
3. Select the “Internet protocol (TCP/IP)”.
4. Click on the Properties button. You should then see a screen as below.
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Figure 21: TCP/IP Properties (Win 2000)
5. Ensure your TCP/IP settings are correct, as described below.
Using DHCP
To use DHCP, select “Obtain an IP Address automatically “. This is the default in Windows. Using this setting
is recommended. By default, the WRT-413 will act as a DHCP Server.
Restart your PC and ensure it obtains an IP Address from the WRT-413.
Using a fixed IP Address ("Use the following IP Address")
If your PC is already configured, check with your network administrator before configure the following settings.
• Enter the WRT-413's IP address in the Default gateway field and click OK. (Your network administrator can
advise you of the IP Address they assigned to the WRT-413.)
• If the DNS Server fields are empty, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the DNS
address provided by your ISP, then click OK.
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Checking TCP/IP Settings - Windows XP
1. Select Control Panel - Network Connection.
2. Right click the Local Area Connection and choose Properties. You should see a screen as below.
Figure 22: Network Configuration (Windows XP)
3. Select the “Internet Protocol TCP/IP “.
4. Click on the Properties button. You should then see a screen as below.
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Figure 23: TCP/IP Properties (Windows XP)
5. Ensure your TCP/IP settings are correct.
Using DHCP
To use DHCP, select “Obtain an IP Address automatically”. This is default in Windows. Using this setting is
recommended. By default, the WRT-413 will act as a DHCP Server.
Restart your PC to ensure it obtains an IP Address from the WRT-413.
Using a fixed IP Address ("Use the following IP Address")
If your PC is already configured, check with your network administrator before configure the following settings.
• In the Default gateway field, enter the WRT-413's IP address and click OK. Your network administrator can
advise you of the IP address they assigned to the WRT-413.
• If the DNS Server fields are empty, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the DNS
address provided by your ISP, then click OK.
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Internet Access
To configure your PCs to use the WRT-413 for Internet access:
• Ensure that the xDSL modem, Cable modem, or other permanent connection is functional.
• Use the following procedure to configure your Browser to access the Internet via the LAN, rather than by a
Dial-up connection.
For Windows 9x/Me/2000
1. Select Start Menu - Settings - Control Panel - Internet Options.
2. Select the Connection tab, and click the Setup button.
3. Select “I want to set up my Internet connection manually or I want to connect through a local area
network (LAN)” and click Next.
4. Select “I connect through a local area network (LAN)” and click Next.
5. Ensure all of the boxes on the following Local area network Internet Configuration screen are unchecked.
6. Check the option “No” when prompted the message “Do you want to set up an Internet mail account now?”.
7. Click Finish to close the Internet Connection Wizard.
8. Setup is now completed.
For Windows XP
1. Select Start Menu - Control Panel - Network and Internet Connections.
2. Select Set up or change your Internet Connection.
3. Select the Connection tab, and click the Setup button.
4. Cancel the pop-up "Location Information" screen.
5. Click Next on the "New Connection Wizard" screen.
6. Select "Connect to the Internet" and click Next.
7. Select "Set up my connection manually" and click Next.
8. Check "Connect using a broadband connection that is always on" and click Next.
9. Click Finish to close the New Connection Wizard.
10. Setup is now completed.
Accessing AOL
To access AOL (America On Line) through the WRT-413, the AOL for Windows software must be configured to
use TCP/IP network access, rather than a dial-up connection. The configuration process is as follows:
• Start the AOL for Windows communication software. Ensure that it is Version 2.5, 3.0 or later. This proce-
dure will not work with earlier versions.
• Click the Setup button.
• Select Create Location, and change the location name from "New Locality" to "WRT-413".
• Click Edit Location. Select TCP/IP for the Network field. (Leave the Phone Number blank.)
• Click Save, then OK.
Configuration is now complete.
• Before clicking "Sign On", always ensure that you are using the "WRT-413" location.
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Macintosh Clients
From your Macintosh, you can access the Internet via the WRT-413. The procedure is as follows.
1. Open the TCP/IP Control Panel.
2. Select Ethernet from the Connect via pop-up menu.
3. Select Using DHCP Server from the Configure pop-up menu. The DHCP Client ID field can be left blank.
4. Close the TCP/IP panel, saving your settings.
Note:
If using manually assigned IP addresses instead of DHCP, the required changes are:
• Set the Router Address field to the WRT-413's IP Address.
• Ensure your DNS settings are correct.
Linux Clients
To access the Internet via the WRT-413, it is only necessary to set the WRT-413 as the "Gateway".
Ensure you are logged in as "root" before attempting any changes.
Fixed IP Address
By default, most Unix installations use a fixed IP Address. If you wish to continue using a fixed IP Address,
make the following changes to your configuration.
• Set your "Default Gateway" to the IP Address of the WRT-413.
• Ensure your DNS (Name server) settings are correct.
To act as a DHCP Client (recommended)
The procedure below may vary according to your version of Linux and X -windows shell.
1. Start your X Windows client.
2. Select Control Panel - Network
3. Select the "Interface" entry for your Network card. Normally, this will be called "eth0".
4. Click the Edit button, set the "protocol" to "DHCP", and save this data.
5. To apply your changes
• Use the "Deactivate" and "Activate" buttons, if available.
• OR, restart your system.
Other Unix Systems
To access the Internet via the WRT-413:
• Ensure the "Gateway" field for your network card is set to the IP Address of the WRT-413.
• Ensure your DNS (Name Server) settings are correct.
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Wireless Client Configuration
This section applies to all Wireless clients wishing to use the WRT-413's Access Point, regardless of the operating system which is used on the client.
To use the Wireless Access Point in the WRT-413, each Wireless Client must have compatible settings, as
follows:
Mode The mode must be set to Infrastructure.
SSID (ESSID)
WEP By default, WEP on the WRT-413 is disabled.
Note:
By default, the WRT-413 will allow both 802.11b and 802.11g connections.
This must match the value used on the WRT-413. The default value is
default
Note! The SSID is case sensitive.
• If WEP remains disabled on the WRT-413, all clients must have
WEP disabled.
• If WEP is enabled on the WRT-413, each client must use the same
settings as the WRT-413.
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Chapter 5
5
Operation and Status
This Chapter details the operation of the WRT-413 and the status screens.
Operation
Once both the WRT-413 and the PCs are configured, operation is automatic.
However, there are some situations where additional Internet configuration may be required:
• If using Internet-based Communication Applications, it may be necessary to specify which PC receives an
incoming connection. Refer to Chapter 6 - Advanced Features for further details.
• Applications which use non-standard connections or port numbers may be blocked by the WRT-413's builtin firewall. You can define such applications as Special Applications to allow them to function normally.
Refer to Chapter 6 - Advanced Features for further details.
• Some non-standard applications may require use of the DMZ feature. Refer to Chapter 6 - Advanced Fea-
tures for further details.
Status Screen
Use the Status link on the main menu to view this screen.
Figure 24: Status Screen
Data - Status Screen
Internet
Connection Method This indicates the current connection method, as set in the Setup
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Wizard or WAN Port screen.
Broadband Modem
Internet Connection
Internet IP Address
"Connection Details"
Button
LAN
IP Address
Network Mask
DHCP Server
This shows the status of the connection from the WRT-413 to the
Broadband Modem.
Current connection status:
• Active
• Idle
• Unknown
• Failed
If there is an error, you can click the "Connection Details" button
to find out more information.
This IP Address is allocated by the ISP (Internet Service Provider). If there is no current connection, this will be blank or
0.0.0.0.
Click this button to open a sub-window and view a detailed
description of the current connection. Depending on the type of
connection, a "Connection Log" may also be available.
The IP Address of WRT-413 LAN interface.
The Network Mask (Subnet Mask) for the IP Address above.
This shows the status of the DHCP Server function - either "En-
abled" or "Disabled".
For additional information about the PCs on your LAN, and the IP
addresses allocated to them, use the PC Database option of the
Administration menu.
System
Device Name
Firmware Version
Buttons
Connection Details
System Data
Restart
Refresh Screen
This displays the current name of the WRT-413.
The current version of the firmware installed in the WRT-413.
Shows the details of the current Internet connection. The subscreen displayed will depend on the connection method used. See
the following sections for details of each sub-screen.
Display all system information in a sub-window.
Clicking this button will restart (reboot) the WRT-413. All exist-
ing connections though the WRT-413 will be terminated, but will
usually re-connect automatically after restart.
Update the displayed data on screen.
Connection Status - PPPoE
If using PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet), a screen as below will be displayed when the "Connection Details" button is
clicked.
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Data - PPPoE Screen
Connection
Physical Address
IP Address
Network Mask
PPPoE Link Status
Connection Log
Connection Log
Figure 25: PPPoE Status Screen
The hardware address of this device, as seen by remote devices on
the Internet. (This is different to the hardware address seen by
devices on the local LAN.)
The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This
address is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider).
The Network Mask associated with the IP Address above.
This indicates whether or not the connection is currently estab-
lished.
• If the connection does not exist, the "Connect" button can be
used to establish a connection.
• If the connection currently exists, the "Disconnect" button
can be used to break the connection.
• The Connection Log shows status messages relating to the
existing connection.
• The most common messages are listed in the table below.
• The "Clear Log" button will restart the Log, while the Re-
fresh button will update the messages shown on screen.
Buttons
Connect
When the connection is not established, it will connect to your ISP
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after click this button.
Disconnect
If WRT-413 is connecting to your ISP, it will hang up the connection.
Clear Log
Delete all data of the Log. This will make it easier to read new
messages.
Refresh
Update the data on screen.
Connection Log Messages
Message Description
Connect on Demand Connection attempt has been triggered by the "Connect auto-
matically, as required" setting.
Manual connection Connection attempt started by the "Connect" button.
Reset physical connection Preparing line for connection attempt.
Connecting to remote
server
Remote Server located ISP's Server has responded to connection attempt.
Start PPP Attempting to login to ISP's Server and establish a PPP con-
PPP up successfully Able to login to ISP's Server and establish a PPP connection.
Attempting to connect to the ISP's server.
nection.
Idle time-out reached The connection has been idle for the time period specified in
the "Idle Time-out" field. The connection will now be termi-
nated.
Disconnecting The current connection is being terminated, due to either the
"Idle Time-out" above, or "Disconnect" button being clicked.
Error: Remote Server not
found
Error: PPP Connection
failed
ISP's Server did not respond. This could be a Server problem,
or a problem with the link to the Server.
Unable to establish a PPP connection with the ISP's Server.
This could be a login problem (name or password) or a Server
problem.
Error: Connection to
Server lost
Error: Invalid or unknown
packet type
The existing connection has been lost. This could be caused by
a power failure, a link failure, or Server failure.
The data received from the ISP's Server could not be proc-
essed. This could be caused by data corruption (from a bad
link), or the Server using a protocol which is not supported by
this device.
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Connection Status - PPTP
If using PPTP (Peer-to-Peer Tunneling Protocol), a screen as below will be displayed when the "Connection
Details" button is clicked.
Data - PPTP Screen
Connection
Physical Address
IP Address
PPTP Status
Connection Log
Connection Log
Figure 26: PPTP Status Screen
The hardware address of this device, as seen by remote devices on the
Internet. (This is different to the hardware address seen by devices on
the local LAN.)
The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address
is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider).
This indicates whether or not the connection is currently established.
• If the connection does not exist, the "Connect" button can be
used to establish a connection.
• If the connection currently exists, the "Disconnect" button can be
used to break the connection.
• The Connection Log shows status messages relating to the
existing connection.
• The "Clear Log" button will restart the Log, while the Refresh
button will update the messages shown on screen.
Buttons
Connect
When the connection is not established, it will connect to your ISP
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after click this button.
Disconnect
Clear Log
Refresh
If WRT-413 is connecting to your ISP, it will hang up the connection.
Delete all data currently in the Log. This will make it easier to read
new messages.
Update the data on screen.
Connection Status - L2TP
If using L2TP, a screen as below will be displayed when the "Connection Details" button is clicked.
Data - L2TP Screen
Connection
Physical Address
IP Address
Connection Status
Figure 27: L2TP Status Screen
The hardware address of this device, as seen by remote devices on the
Internet. (This is different to the hardware address seen by devices on
the local LAN.)
The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address
is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider).
This indicates whether or not the connection is currently established.
• If the connection does not exist, the "Connect" button can be
used to establish a connection.
• If the connection currently exists, the "Disconnect" button can be
used to break the connection.
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Connection Log
Connection Log
Buttons
• The Connection Log shows status messages relating to the
existing connection.
• The "Clear Log" button will restart the Log, while the Refresh
button will update the messages shown on screen.
Connect
Disconnect
Clear Log
Refresh
When the connection is not established, it will connect to your ISP
after click this button.
If WRT-413 is connecting to your ISP, it will hang up the connection.
Delete all data currently in the Log. This will make it easier to read
new messages.
Update the data on screen.
Connection Status - Telstra Big Pond
If using Telstra Big Pond, a screen as below will be displayed when the "Connection Details" button is clicked.
Figure 28: Telstra Big Pond Status Screen
Data - Big Pond Screen
Connection
Physical Address
The hardware address of this device, as seen by remote devices.
(This is different to the hardware address seen by devices on the
local LAN.)
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IP Address
Connection Status
Connection Log
Connection Log
Buttons
Connect
Disconnect
The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This
address is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider).
This indicates whether or not the connection is currently established.
• If the connection does not exist, the "Connect" button can be
used to establish a connection.
• If the connection currently exists, the "Disconnect" button can
be used to break the connection.
• Normally, it is not necessary to use the Connect and Disconnect
buttons unless the setting "Connect automatically, as required"
is disabled.
• The Connection Log shows status messages relating to the
existing connection.
• The Clear Log button will restart the Log, while the Refresh
button will update the messages shown on screen.
When the connection is not established, it will connect to your ISP
after click this button.
If WRT-413 is connecting to your ISP, it will hang up the connection.
Clear Log
Refresh
Delete all data currently in the Log. This will make it easier to read
new messages.
Update the data on screen.
Connection Details - SingTel RAS
If using the SingTel RAS access method, a screen as below will be displayed when the "Connection Details"
button is clicked.
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either
"Rel
ease"
Data - RAS Screen
Internet
RAS Plan
Physical Address
IP Address
Network Mask
Default Gateway
DNS IP Address
DHCP Client
Figure 29: Connection Details - RAS
The RAS Plan which is currently used.
The hardware address of this device, as seen by remote devices on the
Internet. (This is different to the hardware address seen by devices on
the local LAN.)
The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address
is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider).
The Network Mask associated with the IP Address above.
The IP Address of the remote Gateway or Router associated with the
IP Address above.
The IP Address of the Domain Name Server which is currently used.
This will show "Enabled" or "Disabled", depending on whether or not
this device is functioning as a DHCP client.
If "Enabled" the "Remaining lease time" field indicates when the IP
Address allocated by the DHCP Server will expire. The lease is
automatically renewed on expiry; use the "Renew" button if you wish
to manually renew the lease immediately.
Buttons
Release/Renew
Button will display
This button is only useful if the IP address shown above is allocated
automatically on connection. (Dynamic IP address). If you have a
Fixed (Static) IP address, this button has no effect.
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or "Renew"
Refresh
• If the ISP's DHCP Server has NOT allocated an IP Address for
the WRT-413, this button will say "Renew". Clicking the "Renew" button will attempt to re-establish the connection and
obtain an IP Address from the ISP's DHCP Server.
• If an IP Address has been allocated to the WRT-413 (by the
ISP's DHCP Server), this button will say "Release". Clicking the
"Release" button will break the connection and release the IP
Address.
Update the data shown on screen.
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Connection Details - Fixed/Dynamic IP Address
If your access method is "Direct" (no login), a screen as below will be displayed when the "Connection Details"
button is clicked.
Figure 30: Connection Details - Fixed/Dynamic IP Address
Data - Fixed/Dynamic IP address Screen
Internet
Physical Address
IP Address
Network Mask
Default Gateway
DNS IP Address
DHCP Client
The hardware address of this device, as seen by remote devices on the
Internet. (This is different to the hardware address seen by devices on
the local LAN.)
The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address
is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider).
The Network Mask associated with the IP Address above.
The IP Address of the Gateway or Router associated with the IP
Address above.
The IP Address of the Domain Name Server which is currently used.
This will show "Enabled" or "Disabled", depending on whether or not
this device is functioning as a DHCP client.
If "Enabled" the "Remaining lease time" field indicates when the IP
Address allocated by the DHCP Server will expire. The lease is
automatically renewed on expiry; use the "Renew" button if you wish
to manually renew the lease immediately.
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Buttons
Release/Renew
Refresh
This button is only useful if the IP address shown above is allocated
automatically on connection. (Dynamic IP address). If you have a
Fixed (Static) IP address, this button has no effect.
Update the data shown on screen.
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Chapter 6
6
Advanced Features
This Chapter explains when and how to use the WRT-413's "Advanced" Features.
Overview
The following advanced features are provided.
• Access Control
• Dynamic DNS
• Advanced Internet
• Communication Applications
• Special Applications
• Multi-DMZ
• URL filter
• Virtual Servers
• WAN Port
Access Control
This feature is accessed by the Access Control link of the Advanced menu.
Overview
The Access Control feature allows administrators to restrict the level of Internet Access available to PCs on your
LAN. With the default settings, everyone has unrestricted Internet access.
To use this feature:
1. Set the desired restrictions on the "Default" group. All PCs are in the "Default" group unless explicitly
moved to another group.
2. Set the desired restrictions on the other groups ("Group 1", "Group 2", "Group 3" and "Group 4") as needed.
3. Assign PC to the groups as required.
Restrictions are imposed by blocking "Services" or types of
connections. All common Services are pre-defined.
If required, you can also define your own Services.
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Access Control Screen
This screen allows you to set the clients to access to the Internet with different limitation.
Data - Access Control Screen
Group
Group
"Members" Button
Select the desired Group. The screen will update to display the
settings for the selected Group. Groups are named "Default",
"Group 1", "Group 2", "Group 3" and "Group 4", and cannot be renamed.
Click this button to add or remove members from the current
Group.
• If the current group is "Default", then members can not be
added or deleted. This group contains PCs not allocated to any
other group.
• To remove PCs from the Default Group, assign them to another
Group.
• To assign PCs to the Default Group, delete them from the
Group they are currently in.
See the following section for details of the Group Members screen.
Figure 31: Access Control Screen
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Internet Access
Restrictions
Block by Schedule
Define Schedule
Button
Services
Edit Service List
Button
Buttons
Members
Select the desired options for the current group:
• None - Nothing is blocked. Use this to create the least restric-
tive group.
• Block all Internet access - All traffic via the WAN port is
blocked. Use this to create the most restrictive group.
• Block selected Services - You can select which Services are to
block. Use this to gain fine control over the Internet access for
a group.
If Internet access is being blocked, you can choose to apply the
blocking only during scheduled times. (If access is not blocked, no
Scheduling is possible, and this setting has no effect.)
Clicking this will open a sub-window where you can define or
modify the Schedule.
This lists all defined Services. Select the Services you wish to
block. To select multiple services, hold the CTRL key while selecting. (On the Macintosh, hold the SHIFT key rather than CTRL.)
If you wish to define additional Services, or manage the Service list,
click this button to open the "Services" screen.
Click this button to add or remove members from the current
Group.
Define Schedule
Edit Service List
Save
Cancel
View Log
Clear Log
Refresh
If the current group is "Default", then members can not be added or
deleted. This group contains PCs not allocated to any other group.
See the following section for details of the Group Members screen.
Click this button to open a sub-window where you can define or
modify the Schedule.
If you wish to define additional Services, or manage the Service list,
click this button to open the "Services" screen.
Save the data on screen.
Reverse any changes made since the last "Save".
Click this to open a sub-window where you can view the "Access
Control" log. This log shows attempted Internet accesses which
have been blocked by the Access Control feature.
Click this to clear and restart the "Access Control" log, making new
entries easier to read.
Update the data on screen.
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Group Members Screen
This screen allows you to set the clients to different group. All the clients will be in the group “Default” when
they are not in Group 1~4.
Figure 32: Group Members
Use this screen to add or remove members (PCs) from the current group.
• The "Del >>" button will remove the selected PC (in the Members list) from the current group.
• The "<< Add" button will add the selected PC (in the Other PCs list) to the current group.
PCs not assigned to any group will be in the
"Default" group.
PCs deleted from any other Group will be added
to the "Default" group.
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Default Schedule Screen
This screen is displayed when the Define Schedule button on the Access Control screen is clicked.
• This schedule can be (optionally) applied to any Access Control Group.
• Blocking will be performed during the scheduled time (between the "Start" and "Finish" times.)
• Two (2) separate sessions or periods can be defined.
• Times must be entered using a 24 hr clock.
• If the time for a particular day is blank, no action will be performed.
Figure 33: Default Schedule Screen
Data - Default Schedule Screen
Day
Session 1
Session 2
Start Time
Finish Time
Each day of the week can scheduled independently.
Two (2) separate sessions or periods can be defined. Session 2 can be
left blank if not required.
Enter the start using a 24 hr clock.
Enter the finish time using a 24 hr clock.
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Services Screen
This screen allows you to add a new Service when you can not find the service in the Available Services list.
Data - Services Screen
Available Services
Available Services
"Delete" button
Add New Service
Name
Type
Start Port
Finish Port
ICMP Type
This lists all the available services.
Use this to delete any Service you have added. Pre-defined Services
can not be deleted.
Enter a descriptive name to identify this service.
Select the protocol (TCP, UDP, ICMP) used to the remote system or
service.
For TCP and UDP Services, enter the beginning of the range of port
numbers used by the service. If the service uses a single port number,
enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.
For TCP and UDP Services, enter the end of the range of port numbers used by the service. If the service uses a single port number,
enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.
For ICMP Services, enter the type number of the required service.
Figure 34: Access Control - Services
Buttons
Delete
Save
Delete the selected service from the list.
Add a new entry to the Service list, using the data shown in the "Add
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New Service" area on screen.
Cancel
Clear the " Add New Service " area, ready for entering data for a new
Service.
Access Control Log
To check the operation of the Access Control feature, an Access Control Log is provided. Click the View Log
button on the Access Control screen to view this log.
This log shows attempted Internet accesses which have been blocked by the Access Control function.
Data shown in this log is as follows:
Date/Time
Name
Source IP address
MAC address
Destination
Date and Time of the attempted access.
If known, the name of the PC whose access was blocked.
The IP Address of the PC or device whose access request was
blocked
The hardware or physical address of the PC or device whose access
request was blocked
The destination URL or IP address
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Dynamic DNS (Domain Name Server)
This free service is very useful when combined with the Virtual Server feature. It allows Internet users to connect
to your Virtual Servers using a URL, rather than an IP Address.
This also solves the problem of having a dynamic IP address. With a dynamic IP address, your IP address may
change whenever you connect, which makes it difficult to connect to you.
The Service works as follows:
1. You must register for the service at one of the listed DDNS Service Providers.
2. After registration, follow the service provider's procedure to request a Domain Name and have it allocated to
you.
3. Enter your DDNS data on the WRT-413's DDNS screen.
4. The WRT-413 will then automatically ensure that your current IP Address is recorded at the DDNS server.
If the DDNS Service provides software to perform this "IP address update"; you should disable the "Update"
function, or not use the software at all.
5. From the Internet, users will be able to connect to your Virtual Servers (or DMZ PC) using your Domain
Name.
Dynamic DNS Screen
Select Advanced on the main menu, then Dynamic DNS, you will see a screen as below:
Figure 35: DDNS Screen
Data - Dynamic DNS Screen
DDNS Service
DDNS Service
• Select the desired DDNS Service Provider from the list. You
must register for the service at one of the listed Service Providers. You can reach the Service provider's Web Site by selecting
them in the list and clicking the "Web Site" button.
• Apply for a Domain Name, and ensure it is allocated to you.
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DDNS Data
• Details of your DDNS account (Name, password, Domain name)
must then be entered and saved on this screen.
• This device will then automatically ensure that your current IP
Address is recorded by the DDNS Service Provider. (You do
NOT need to use the "Client" program provided by some DDNS
Service providers.)
• From the Internet, users will now be able to connect to your
Virtual Servers (or DMZ PC) using your Domain name.
User Name
Password/Key
Domain Name
DDNS Status
Enter your Username for the DDNS Service.
Enter your current password for the DDNS Service.
Enter the domain name allocated to you by the DDNS Service. If you
have more than one name, enter the name you wish to use.
• This message is returned by the DDNS Server
• Normally, this message should be "Update successful"
• If the message is "No host" or some other error message, you
need to connect to the DDNS Service provider and correct the
problem.
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Advanced Internet Screen
This screen allows configuration of all advanced features relating to Internet access.
• Communication Applications
• Special Applications
• Multi-DMZ
• URL filter
An example screen is shown below.
Figure 36: Internet Screen
Communication Applications
Most applications are supported transparently by the WRT-413. But sometimes it is not clear which PC should
receive an incoming connection. This problem could arise with the Communication Applications listed on this
screen.
If this problem arises, you can use this screen to set which PC should receive an incoming connection, as described below.
Communication Applications
Select an Application
This lists applications which may generate incoming connections,
where the destination PC (on your local LAN) is unknown.
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Send incoming calls to
This lists the PCs on your LAN.
• If necessary, you can add PCs manually, using the "PC
Database" option on the advanced menu.
• For each application listed above, you can choose a destina-
tion PC.
• There is no need to "Save" after each change; you can set the
destination PC for each application, then click "Save".
Special Applications
If you use Internet applications which use non-standard connections or port numbers, you may find that they do
not function correctly because they are blocked by the WRT-413's firewall. In this case, you can define the
application as a "Special Application".
Special Applications Screen
This screen can be reached by clicking the Special Applications button on the Internet screen.
You can then define your Special Applications. You will need detailed information about the application; this is
normally available from the supplier of the application.
Also, note that the terms "Incoming" and "Outgoing" on this screen refer to traffic from the client (PC) viewpoint
Figure 37: Special Applications Screen
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Data - Special Applications Screen
Checkbox
Name
Incoming
Ports
Outgoing
Ports
Use this to Enable or Disable this Special Application as required.
Enter a descriptive name to identify this Special Application.
• Type - Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) used when you receive data
from the special application or service. (Note: Some applications use
different protocols for outgoing and incoming data).
• Start - Enter the beginning of the range of port numbers used by the
application server, for data you receive. If the application uses a single
port number, enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.
• Finish - Enter the end of the range of port numbers used by the applica-
tion server, for data you receive.
• Type - Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) used when you send data to
the remote system or service.
• Start - Enter the beginning of the range of port numbers used by the
application server, for data you send to it. If the application uses a single
port number, enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.
• Finish - Enter the end of the range of port numbers used by the applica-
tion server, for data you send to it. If the application uses a single port
number, enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields.
Using a Special Application
• Configure the Special Applications screen as required.
• On your PC, use the application normally. Remember that only one (1) PC can use each Special application
at any time. Also, when 1 PC is finished using a particular Special Application, there may need to be a
"Time-out" before another PC can use the same Special Application. The "Time-out" period may be up to 3
minutes.
If an application still cannot function correctly,
try using the "DMZ" feature.
Multi-DMZ
This feature, if enabled, allows the DMZ computer or computers on your LAN to be exposed to all users on the
Internet.
• This allows almost any application to be used on the "DMZ PC".
• The "DMZ PC" will receive all "Unknown" connections and data.
• If the DMZ feature is enabled, you must select the PC to be used as the "DMZ PC".
If you have multiple Internet IP addresses, you can assign one DMZ PC for each Internet IP address.
If you only have 1 WAN IP address, only "DMZ 1" can be used, and only one (1) PC can be the DMZ PC. The
current WAN IP address is displayed. If this address is assigned upon connection, and no connection currently
exists, then this address will be blank or 0.0.0.0.
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The "DMZ PC" is effectively outside the Firewall, making it more vulnerable to attacks. For this reason, you
should only enable the DMZ feature when required.
URL Filter
The URL Filter allows you to block access to undesirable Web site
• To use this feature, you must define "filter strings". If the "filter string" appears in a requested URL, the
request is blocked.
• Enabling the URL Filter also affects the Internet Access Log. If Enabled, the "Destination" field in the log
will display the URL. Otherwise, it will display the IP Address.
URL Filter Screen
Click the "Configure URL Filter" button on the Internet screen to access the URL Filter screen. The screen is
shown below.
Figure 38: URL Filter Screen
Data - URL Filter Screen
Filter Strings
Current Entries
Add Filter String
This lists any existing entries. If you have not entered any values, this
list will be empty.
To add an entry to the list, enter it here, and click the "Add" button.
An entry may be a Domain name (e.g. www.trash.com) or simply a
string. (e.g. ads/ )
Any URL which contains ANY entry ANYWHERE in the URL will be
blocked.
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Buttons
Delete/Delete All
Add
Use these buttons to delete the selected entry or all entries, as required.
Multiple entries can be selected by holding down the CTRL key while
selecting.(On the Macintosh, hold the SHIFT key while selecting.)
Use this to add the current Filter String to the site list.
Virtual Servers
This feature, sometimes called Port Forwarding, allows you to make Servers on your LAN accessible to Internet
users. Normally, Internet users would not be able to access a server on your LAN because:
• Your Server does not have a valid external IP Address.
• Attempts to connect to devices on your LAN are blocked by the firewall in this device.
The "Virtual Server" feature solves these problems and allows Internet users to connect to your servers, as
illustrated below.
Figure 39: Virtual Servers
IP Address seen by Internet Users
Note that, in this illustration, both Internet users are connecting to the same IP Address, but using different
protocols.
To Internet users, all virtual Servers on your LAN have the same IP Address. This IP Address is
allocated by your ISP.
This address should be static, rather than dynamic, to make it easier for Internet users to connect to your Servers.
However, you can use the DDNS (Dynamic DNS) feature to allow users to connect to your Virtual Servers using
a URL, instead of an IP Address.
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Virtual Servers Screen
This screen lists a number of pre-defined Servers, and allows you to define your own Servers. Details of the
selected Server are shown in the "Properties" area.
Data - Virtual Servers Screen
Servers
Servers
Properties
Enable
PC (Server)
Protocol
Internal Port No.
External Port No.
This lists a number of pre-defined Servers, plus any Servers you
have defined. Details of the selected Server are shown in the "Properties" area.
Use this to Enable or Disable support for this Server, as required.
• If Enabled, any incoming connections will be forwarded to the
selected PC.
• If Disabled, any incoming connection attempts will be blocked.
Select the PC for this Server. The PC must be running the appropri-
ate Server software.
Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) used by the Server.
Enter the port number which the Server software is configured to
use.
The port number used by Internet users when connecting to the
Server. This is normally the same as the Internal Port Number. If it
is different, this device will perform a "mapping" or "translation"
function, allowing the server to use one port address, while clients
use a different port address.
Figure 40: Virtual Servers Screen
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Buttons
Defaults
Disable All
Update Selected
Server
Add as new Server
Delete
Clear Form
This will delete any Servers you have defined, and set the predefined Servers to use their default port numbers.
This will cause the "Enable" setting of all Virtual Servers to be set
OFF.
Update the current Virtual Server entry, using the data shown in the
"Properties" area on screen.
Add a new entry to the Virtual Server list, using the data shown in
the "Properties" area on screen. The entry selected in the list is
ignored, and has no effect.
Delete the current Virtual Server entry. Note that the pre-defined
Servers can not be deleted. Only Servers you have defined yourself
can be deleted.
Clear all data from the "Properties" area, ready for input of a new
Virtual Server entry.
For each entry, the PC must be running the
appropriate Server software.
Defining your own Virtual Servers
If the type of Server you wish to use is not listed on the Virtual Servers screen, you can define and manage your
own Servers:
Create a new Server:
Modify (Edit) a Server:
Delete a Server:
1. Click "Clear Form"
2. Enter the required data, as described above.
3. Click "Add".
4. The new Server will now appear in the list.
1. Select the desired Server from the list
2. Make any desired changes (for example, change the
Enable/Disable setting).
3. Click "Update" to save changes to the selected Server.
1. Select the entry from the list.
2. Click "Delete".
Note: You can only delete Servers you have defined. Predefined Server cannot be deleted.
From the Internet, ALL Virtual Servers have the IP
Address allocated by your ISP.
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Connecting to the Virtual Servers
Once configured, anyone on the Internet can connect to your Virtual Servers. They must use the Internet IP
Address (the IP Address allocated to you by your ISP).
e.g.
http://203.70.212.52
ftp://203.70.212.52
It is more convenient if you are using a Fixed IP Address from your ISP, rather than Dynamic. However, you can
use the Dynamic DNS feature, described in the following section, to allow users to connect to your Virtual
Servers using a URL, rather than an IP Address.
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WAN Port Configuration
In this screen, you can configure the WAN port settings.
Data – WAN Port Screen
Identification
Hostname
Domain Name
WAN Port MAC
Address
IP Address
Automatic
Normally, there is no need to change the default name, but if your ISP
requests that you use a particular Hostname, enter it here.
If your ISP provided a domain name, enter it here. Otherwise, this
may be left blank.
Also called Network Adapter Address or Physical Address. This is a
low-level identifier, as seen from the WAN port.
Normally there is no need to change this, but some ISPs require a
particular value, often that of the PC initially used for Internet access.
You can use the Copy from PC button to copy your PC's address into
this field, the Default button to insert the default value, or enter a
value directly.
Also called Dynamic IP Address. This is the default, and the most
common.
Leave this selected if your ISP allocates an IP Address to the WRT413 upon connection.
Figure 41: WAN Port Screen
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Specified IP
Address
DNS
Automatically
obtain from Serve
Use this DNS
Login
Also called Static IP Address. Select this if your ISP has allocated
you a fixed IP Address. If this option is selected, the following data
must be entered.
• IP Address
The IP Address allocated by the ISP.
• Network Mask (Not required for PPPoE)
This is also supplied by your ISP. It must be compatible with the
IP Address above.
• Gateway IP Address (Not required for PPPoE)
The address of the router or gateway, as supplied by your ISP.
The DNS (Domain Name Server) address will be obtained automatically from your ISP's server.
Note that if using a fixed IP address, with no login (login is set to
"None"), then no Server is used, so this option cannot be used.
If this option is selected, you must enter the IP address of the DNS
(Domain Name Server) you wish to use.
Note: If the DNS is unavailable, the "Backup DNS", entered on the
"Options" screen, will be used
Login Method
Login User Name
Login Password
RAS Plan
If your ISP does not use a login method (username, password) for
Internet access, leave this at the default value None (Direct connec-
tion). Otherwise, check the documentation from your ISP, select the
login method used, and enter the required data.
• PPPoE - this is the most common login method, widely used
with xDSL modems. Normally, your ISP will have provided
some software to connect and login. This software is no longer
required, and should not be used.
• PPPoE (Unnumbered IP) - this can only be used if your ISP
supports this system, and has allocated you multiple IP addresses.
If selected, you must also select "Specified IP Address" above
and enter one of the IP addresses allocated to you by your ISP.
• PPTP - this is mainly used in Europe. You need to know the
PPTP Server address as well as your name and password.
• L2TP - this is not widely used. You need to know the PPTP
Server address as well as your name and password.
• Big Pond Cable - for Australia only.
• SingTel RAS - for Singapore only.
The User Name (or account name) provided by your ISP.
Enter the password for the login name above.
For SingTel customers only, select the RAS plan you are on.
Server Address
This is not required for PPPoE or SingTel RAS.
For PPTP, L2TP and BPA, enter the Server address as provided by
your ISP.
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Connection
Behavior
Auto-disconnect
Idle Time-out
Buttons
Default
Copy from PC
Select the desired option:
• Automatic Connect/Disconnect
An Internet connection is automatically made when required, and
disconnected when idle for the time period specified by the
"Auto-disconnect Idle Time-out".
• Manual Connect/Disconnect
You must manually establish and terminate the connection.
• Keep alive (maintain connection)
The connection will never be disconnected by this device. If disconnected by your ISP, the connection will be re-established
immediately. (However, this does not ensure that your Internet IP
address will remain unchanged.)
This field has no effect unless using the Automatic Con-
nect/Disconnect setting.
If using this setting, enter the desired idle time-out period (in
minutes). After the connection to your ISP has been idle for this
time period, the connection will be terminated.
Inserts the default MAC address into the MAC address field. You
must click "Save" to actually change the address used.
Inserts the MAC address from your PC into the MAC address field.
You must click "Save" to actually change the address used.
Save
Cancel
Save your changes to the WRT-413.
Reverse any changes made since the last "Save".
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Chapter 7
7
Advanced Administration
This Chapter explains the settings available via the "Administration" section of the menu.
Overview
Normally, it is not necessary to use these screens, or change any settings. These screens and settings are provided
to deal with non-standard situations, or to provide additional options for advanced users.
The available settings and features are:
Config File
Logs
Network
Diagnostics
Options
PC Database
Remote
Administration
Routing
Security
Firmware
Upgrade
Backup or restore the configuration file for the WRT-413. This file
contains all the configuration data.
View or clear all logs, set E-Mailing of log files.
Ping, DNS Lookup.
Various options, such as backup DNS, UPnP, and enable TFTP firmware
upgrade option.
This is the list of PCs shown when you select the "DMZ PC" or a "Virtual Server". This database is maintained automatically, but you can add
and delete entries for PCs which use a Fixed (Static) IP Address.
Allow settings to be changed from the Internet..
Only required if your LAN has other Routers or Gateways.
Firewall and other security-related settings. Normally, the default settings
do not need to be changed.
Upgrade the Firmware (software) installed in your WRT-413.
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Config File
This feature allows you to download the current settings from the WRT-413, and save them to a file on your PC.
You can restore a previously-downloaded configuration file to the WRT-413, by uploading it to the WRT-413.
This screen also allows you to set the WRT-413 back to its factory default configuration. Any existing settings
will be deleted.
An example Config File screen is shown below.
Figure 42: Config Screen
Data - Config File Screen
Backup Config
Restore Config
Default Config Clicking the Restore Defaults button will reset the WRT-413 to its
Use this to download a copy of the current configuration, and store the
file on your PC. Click Download to start the download.
This allows you to restore a previously-saved configuration file back to
the WRT-413.
Click Browse to select the configuration file, then click Restore to
upload the configuration file.
WARNING !
Uploading a configuration file will destroy (overwrite) ALL of the
existing settings.
factory default settings.
WARNING !
This will delete ALL of the existing settings.
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Logs
The Logs record various types of activity on the WRT-413. This data is useful for troubleshooting, but enabling
all logs will generate a large amount of data and adversely affect performance.
Since only a limited amount of log data can be stored in the WRT-413, log data can also be E-mailed to your PC.
Data - Logs Screen
Enable Logs
Outgoing Connections
Access Control
DoS Attacks
Timezone
E-Mail Reports
Send E-mail alert
Figure 43: Logs Screen
If selected, Outgoing Internet connections are logged. Normally,
the (Internet) "Destination" will be shown as an IP address. But if
the "URL Filter" is enabled, the "Destination" will be shown as a
URL.
If enabled, the log will include attempted outgoing connections
which have been blocked by the "Access Control" feature.
If enabled, this log will show details of DoS (Denial of Service)
attacks which have been blocked by the built-in Firewall.
Select the correct Timezone for your location. This is required for
the date/time shown on the logs to be correct.
If enabled, an E-mail will be sent immediately if a DoS (Denial of
Service) attack is detected. If enabled, the E-mail address information must be provided.
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E-mail Logs
Send
E-Mail Address
E-mail Address
Subject
You can choose to have the logs E-mailed to you, by enabling
either or both checkboxes. If enabled, the Log will be sent to the
specified E-mail address. The interval between E-mails is determined by the "Send" setting.
Select the desired option for sending the log by E-mail.
• When log is full - The time is not fixed. The log will be sent
when the log is full, which will depend on the volume of traffic.
• Every day, Every Monday ... - The log is sent on the
interval specified.
• If "Every day" is selected, the log is sent at the time
specified.
• If the day is specified, the log is sent once per week, on
the specified day.
• Select the time of day you wish the E-mail to be sent.
• If the log is full before the time specified to send it, it
will be sent regardless.
Enter the E-mail address the Log is to be sent to. The E-mail will
also show this address as the Sender's address.
Enter the text string to be shown in the "Subject" field for the Email.
SMTP Server
Port No.
Enter the address or IP address of the SMTP (Simple Mail Transport Protocol) Server you use for outgoing E-mail.
Enter the port number used to connect to the SMTP Server. The
default value is 25.
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Network Diagnostics
This screen allows you to perform a "Ping" or a "DNS lookup". These activities can be useful in solving network
problems.
An example Network Diagnostics screen is shown below.
Figure 44: Network Diagnostics Screen
Data - Network Diagnostics Screen
Ping
Ping this
IP Address
Ping Button
DNS Lookup
Domain
name/URL
Lookup Button
Enter the IP address you wish to ping. The IP address can be on your
LAN, or on the Internet. Note that if the address is on the Internet,
and no connection currently exists, you could get a "Timeout" error.
In that case, wait a few seconds and try again.
After entering the IP address, click this button to start the "Ping"
procedure. The results will be displayed in the Ping Results pane.
Enter the Domain name or URL for which you want a DNS (Domain
Name Server) lookup. Note that if the address in on the Internet, and
no connection currently exists, you could get a "Timeout" error. In
that case, wait a few seconds and try again.
After entering the Domain name/URL, click this button to start the
"DNS Lookup" procedure. The results will be displayed in the DNS
Lookup Results pane.
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Options
This screen allows advanced users to enter or change a number of settings. For normal operation, there is no need
to use this screen or change any settings.
An example Options screen is shown below.
Data - Options Screen
Backup DNS
IP Address
TFTP
Enable Firmware Upgrade
using TFTP
UPnP
Enable UPnP
Services
Allow Configuration...
Enter the IP Address of the DNS (Domain Name Servers) here. These
DNS will be used only if the primary DNS is unavailable.
• If enabled, TFTP (Trivial FTP) can be used to upgrade the firm-
ware in this device. This is normally not required; a Windows
utility is available for this purpose.
• You must obtain the firmware upgrade file first; instructions for
using TFTP will be available with the upgrade.
• UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) allows automatic discovery and
configuration of equipment attached to your LAN. UPnP is by
supported by Windows ME, XP, or later.
• If Enabled, this device will be visible via UPnP.
• If Disabled, this device will not be visible via UPnP.
• If checked, then UPnP users can change the configuration.
• If Disabled, UPnP users can only view the configuration. But
currently, this restriction only applies to users running Windows
XP, who access the Properties via UPnP. (e.g. Right - click the
WRT-413 in My Network Places, and select Properties)
Figure 45: Options Screen
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Allow Internet
access to be
disabled
MTU
MTU size
• If checked, then UPnP users can disable Internet access via this
device.
• If Disabled, UPnP users can NOT disable Internet access via this
device. But currently, this restriction only applies to users running
Windows XP, who access the Properties via UPnP. (e.g. Right click the WRT-413 in My Network Places, and select Properties)
MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) value should only be changed if
advised to do so by Technical Support.
• Enter a value between 1 and 1500.
• This device will still auto-negotiate with the remote server, to set
the MTU size. The smaller of the 2 values (auto-negotiated, or entered here) will be used.
• For direct connections (not PPPoE or PPTP), the MTU used is
always 1500.
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PC Database
The PC Database is used whenever you need to select a PC (e.g. for the "DMZ" PC). It eliminates the need to
enter IP addresses. Also, you do not need to use fixed IP addresses on your LAN.
PC Database Screen
An example PC Database screen is shown below.
Figure 46: PC Database
• PCs which are "DHCP Clients" are automatically added to the database, and updated as required.
• By default, non-Server versions of Windows act as "DHCP Clients"; this setting is called "Obtain an IP
Address automatically".
• The WRT-413 uses the "Hardware Address" to identify each PC, not the name or IP address. The "Hardware
Address" can only change if you change the PC's network card or adapter.
• This system means you do NOT need to use Fixed (static) IP addresses on your LAN. However, you can add
PCs using Fixed (static) IP Addresses to the PC database if required.
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Data - PC Database Screen
Known PCs
Name
IP Address
Buttons
Add
Delete
Refresh
Generate Report
This lists all current entries. Data displayed is name (IP Address) type.
The "type" indicates whether the PC is connected to the LAN.
If adding a new PC to the list, enter its name here. It is best if this
matches the PC's "hostname".
Enter the IP Address of the PC. The PC will be sent a "ping" to determine its hardware address. If the PC is not available (not connected, or
not powered On) you will not be able to add it.
This will add the new PC to the list. The PC will be sent a "ping" to
determine its hardware address. If the PC is not available (not connected, or not powered On) you will not be able to add it.
Delete the selected PC from the list. This should be done in 2 situations:
• The PC has been removed from your LAN.
• The entry is incorrect.
Update the data on screen.
Display a read-only list showing full details of all entries in the PC
database.
Advanced
Administration
View the Advanced version of the PC database screen - PC Database
(Admin). See below for details.
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PC Database (Admin)
This screen is displayed if the "Advanced Administration" button on the PC Database is clicked. It provides
more control than the standard PC Database screen.
Figure 47: PC Database (Admin)
Data - PC Database ( Admin) Screen
Known PCs
PC Properties
Name
IP Address
This lists all current entries. Data displayed is name (IP Address) type.
The "type" indicates whether the PC is connected to the LAN.
If adding a new PC to the list, enter its name here. It is best if this
matches the PC's "hostname".
Select the appropriate option:
• Automatic - The PC is set to be a DHCP client (Windows: "Ob-
tain an IP address automatically"). The WRT-413 will allocate an
IP address to this PC when requested to do so. The IP address
could change, but normally won't.
• DCHP Client - Reserved IP Address - Select this if the PC is set
to be a DCHP client, and you wish to guarantee that the WRT-413
will always allocate the same IP Address to this PC.
Enter the required IP address. Only the last field is required; the
other fields must match the WRT-413's IP address.
• Fixed IP Address - Select this if the PC is using a Fixed (Static)
IP address. Enter the IP address allocated to the PC. (The PC must
be configured to use this IP address.)
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MAC Address
Buttons
Add as New
Entry
Update Selected
PC
Clear Form
Refresh
Generate Report
Select the appropriate option
• Automatic discovery - Select this to have the WRT-413 contact
the PC and find its MAC address. This is only possible if the PC is
connected to the LAN and powered On.
• MAC is - Enter the MAC address on the PC. The MAC address is
also called the "Hardware Address", "Physical Address", or "Network Adapter Address". The WRT-413 uses this to provide a
unique identifier for each PC. Because of this, the MAC address
can NOT be left blank.
Add a new PC to the list, using the data in the "Properties" box.
If "Automatic discovery" (for MAC address) is selected, the PC will be
sent a "ping" to determine its hardware address. This will fail unless the
PC is connected to the LAN, and powered on.
Update (modify) the selected PC, using the data in the "Properties"
box.
Clear the "Properties" box, ready for entering data for a new PC.
Update the data on screen.
Display a read-only list showing full details of all entries in the PC
database.
Standard Screen Click this to view the standard PC Database screen.
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Remote Admin
If enabled, this feature allows you to manage the WRT-413 via the Internet.
Figure 48: Remote Administration Screen
Data - Remote Administration Screen
Remote Administration
Enable Remote
Management
Port Number
Current IP Address
Enable to allow management via the Internet. If Disabled, this device
will ignore management connection attempts from the Internet.
Enter a port number between 1024 and 65535 (8080 is recommended). This port number must be specified when you connect (see
below).
Note: The default port number for HTTP (Web) connections is port
80, but using port 80 here will prevent the use of a Web "Virtual
Server" on your LAN. (See Advanced Internet - Virtual Servers)
You must use this IP Address to connect (see below).
This IP Address is allocated by your ISP. But if using a Dynamic IP
Address, this value can change each time you connect to your ISP. So
it is better if your ISP allocates you a Fixed IP Address.
To connect from a remote PC via the Internet
1. Ensure your Internet connection is established, and start your Web Browser.
2. In the "Address" bar, enter "HTTP://" followed by the Internet IP Address of the WRT-413. If the port
number is not 80, the port number is also required. (After the IP Address, enter ":" followed by the port
number.)
e.g.
HTTP://123.123.123.123:8080
This example assumes the WAN IP Address is 123.123.123.123, and the port number is 8080.
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Routing
Overview
• If you don't have other Routers or Gateways on your LAN, you can ignore the "Routing" page completely.
• If the WRT-413 is only acting as a Gateway for the local LAN segment, ignore the "Routing" page even if
your LAN has other Routers.
• If your LAN has a standard Router (e.g. Cisco) on your LAN, and the WRT-413 is to act as a Gateway for
all LAN segments, enable RIP (Routing Information Protocol) and ignore the Static Routing table.
• If your LAN has other Gateways and Routers, and you wish to control which LAN segments use each Gateway, do NOT enable RIP (Routing Information Protocol). Configure the Static Routing table instead. (You
also need to configure the other Routers.)
• If using Windows 2000 Data center Server as a software Router, enable RIP on the WRT-413, and ensure
the following Windows 2000 settings are correct:
• Open Routing and Remote Access
• In the console tree, select Routing and Remote Access , [server name], IP Routing, RIP
• In the "Details" pane, right-click the interface you want to configure for RIP version 2, and then click
"Properties".
• On the "General" tab, set Outgoing packet protocol to "RIP version 2 broadcast", and Incoming
packet protocol to "RIP version 1 and 2".
Routing Screen
The routing table is accessed by the Routing link on the Administration menu.
Using this Screen
Generally, you will use either RIP (Routing Information Protocol) OR the Static Routing Table, as explained
above, although is it possible to use both methods simultaneously.
Static Routing Table
• If RIP is not used, an entry in the routing table is required for each LAN segment on your Network, other
than the segment to which this device is attached.
• The other Routers must also be configured. See Configuring Other Routers on your LAN later in this
chapter for further details and an example.
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Data - Routing Screen
RIP
Enable RIP
Static Routing
Static Routing
Table Entries
Properties
Check this to enable the RIP (Routing Information Protocol) feature
of the WRT-413.
The WRT-413 supports RIP 1 only.
This list shows all entries in the Routing Table.
• The "Properties" area shows details of the selected item in the
• Change any the properties as required, then click the "Update"
• Destination Network - The network address of the remote LAN
• Network Mask - The Network Mask for the remote LAN seg-
• Gateway IP Address - The IP Address of the Gateway or Router
• Metric - The number of "hops" (routers) to pass through to reach
Figure 49: Routing Screen
list.
button to save the changes to the selected entry.
segment. For standard class "C" LANs, the network address is
the first 3 fields of the Destination IP Address. The 4th (last)
field can be left at 0.
ment. For class "C" networks, the default mask is 255.255.255.0
which the WRT-413 must use to communicate with the destination above. (NOT the router attached to the remote segment.)
the remote LAN segment. The shortest path will be used. The default value is 1.
Buttons
Save
Save the RIP setting. This has no effect on the Static Routing Table.
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Add
Update
Delete
Clear Form
Generate Report
Add a new entry to the Static Routing table, using the data shown in
the "Properties" area on screen. The entry selected in the list is
ignored, and has no effect.
Update the current Static Routing Table entry, using the data shown
in the "Properties" area on screen.
Delete the current Static Routing Table entry.
Clear all data from the "Properties" area, ready for input of a new
entry for the Static Routing table.
Generate a read-only list of all entries in the Static Routing table.
Configuring Other Routers on your LAN
It is essential that all IP packets for devices not on the local LAN be passed to the WRT-413, so that they can be
forwarded to the external LAN, WAN, or Internet. To achieve this, the local LAN must be configured to use the
WRT-413 as the Default Route or Default Gateway.
Local Router
The local router is the Router installed on the same LAN segment as the WRT-413. This router requires that the
Default Route is the WRT-413 itself. Typically, routers have a special entry for the Default Route. It should be
configured as follows.
Destination IP Address
Network Mask
Gateway IP Address
Metric
Normally 0.0.0.0, but check your router documentation.
Normally 0.0.0.0, but check your router documentation.
The IP Address of the WRT-413.
1
Other Routers on the Local LAN
Other routers on the local LAN must use the WRT-413's Local Router as the Default Route. The entries will be
the same as the WRT-413's local router, with the exception of the Gateway IP Address.
• For a router with a direct connection to the WRT-413's local Router, the Gateway IP Address is the address
of the WRT-413's local router.
• For routers which must forward packets to another router before reaching the WRT-413's local router, the
Gateway IP Address is the address of the intermediate router.
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Static Routing - Example
Figure 50: Routing Example
For the WRT-413's Routing Table
For the LAN shown above, with 2 routers and 3 LAN segments, the WRT-413 requires 2 entries as follows.
Entry 1 (Segment 1)
Destination IP Address 192.168.1.0
Network Mask 255.255.255.0 (Standard Class C)
Gateway IP Address 192.168.0.100 (WRT-413's local Router)
Metric 2
Entry 2 (Segment 2)
Destination IP Address 192.168.2.0
Network Mask 255.255.255.0 (Standard Class C)
Gateway IP Address 192.168.0.100
Metric 3
For Router A's Default Route
Destination IP Address 0.0.0.0
Network Mask 0.0.0.0
Gateway IP Address 192.168.0.1 (WRT-413's IP Address)
For Router B's Default Route
Destination IP Address 0.0.0.0
Network Mask 0.0.0.0
Gateway IP Address 192.168.1.80 (WRT-413's local router)
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Security
This screen allows you to set Firewall and other security-related options.
Data - Security Screen
Firewall
Enable DoS
Firewall
Threshold
If enabled, DoS (Denial of Service) attacks will be detected and
blocked. The default is enabled. It is strongly recommended that this
setting be left enabled.
Note:
• A DoS attack does not attempt to steal data or damage your PCs,
but overloads your Internet connection so you can not use it - the
service is unavailable.
• This device uses "Stateful Inspection" technology. This system can
detect situations where individual TCP/IP packets are valid, but
collectively they become a DoS attack.
This setting affects the number of "half-open" connections allowed.
• A "half-open" connection arises when a remote client contacts the
Server with a connection request, but then does not reply to the
Server's response.
• While the optimum number of "half-open" connections allowed
(the "Threshold") depends on many factors, the most important
factor is the available bandwidth of your Internet connection.
• Select the setting to match the bandwidth of your Internet connec-
tion.
Figure 51: Security Screen
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Options
Respond to
ICMP
Allow IPsec
Allow PPTP
Allow L2TP
The ICMP protocol is used by the "ping" and "traceroute" programs,
and by network monitoring and diagnostic programs.
• If checked, the WRT-413 will repond to ICMP packets received
from the Internet.
• If not checked, ICMP packets from the Internet will be ignored.
Disabling this option provides a slight increase in security.
The IPSec protocol is used to establish a secure connection, and is
widely used by VPN (Virtual Private Networking) programs.
• If checked, IPSec connections are allowed.
• If not checked, IPSec connections are blocked.
PPTP (Point to Point Tunneling Protocol) is widely used by VPN
(Virtual Private Networking) programs.
• If checked, PPTP connections are allowed.
• If not checked, PPTP connections are blocked.
L2TP is a protocol developed by Cisco for VPNs (Virtual Private
Networks).
• If checked, L2TP connections are allowed.
• If not checked, L2TP connections are blocked.
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Upgrade Firmware
The firmware (software) in the WRT-413 can be upgraded using your Web Browser.
You must first download the upgrade file, then select Upgrade on the Administration menu. You will see a
screen as below.
Figure 52: Upgrade Firmware Screen
To perform the Firmware Upgrade:
3. Click the "Browse" button and navigate to the location of the upgrade file.
4. Select the upgrade file. Its name will appear in the Upgrade File field.
5. Click the "Start Upgrade" button to commence the firmware upgrade.
The WRT-413 is unavailable during the upgrade
process, and must restart when the upgrade is completed. Any connections to or through the WRT-413
will be lost.
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Appendix A
A
Troubleshooting
This Appendix covers the most likely problems and their solutions.
Overview
This chapter covers some common problems that may be encountered while using the WRT-413 and some
possible solutions to them. If you follow the suggested steps and the WRT-413 still does not function properly,
contact your dealer for further advice.
General Problems
Problem 1: Can't connect to the WRT-413 to configure it.
Solution 1:
Check the following:
• The WRT-413 is properly installed, LAN connections are OK, and it is
powered ON.
• Ensure that your PC and the WRT-413 are on the same network seg-
ment. (If you don't have a router, this must be the case.)
• If your PC is set to "Obtain an IP Address automatically" (DHCP
client), restart it.
• If your PC uses a Fixed (Static) IP address, ensure that it is using an IP
Address within the range 192.168.0.2 to 192.168.0.254 and thus compatible with the WRT-413's default IP Address of 192.168.0.1.
Also, the Network Mask should be set to 255.255.255.0 to match the
WRT-413.
In Windows, you can check these settings by using Control Panel-
Network to check the Properties for the TCP/IP protocol.
Internet Access
Problem 1: When I enter a URL or IP address I get a time out error.
Solution 1:
A number of things could be causing this. Try the following troubleshooting
steps.
• Check if other PCs work. If they do, ensure that your PCs IP settings are
correct. If using a Fixed (Static) IP Address, check the Network Mask,
Default gateway and DNS as well as the IP Address.
• If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, check the
WRT-413. Ensure that it is connected and ON. Connect to it and check
its settings. (If you can't connect to it, check the LAN and power connections.)
• If the WRT-413 is configured correctly, check your Internet connection
(xDSL/Cable modem etc) to see that it is working correctly.
Problem 2: Some applications do not run properly when using the WRT-413.
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Solution 2:
The WRT-413 processes the data passing through it, so it is not transparent.
Use the Special Applications feature to allow the use of Internet applications
which do not function correctly.
If this does solve the problem you can use the DMZ function. This should
work with almost every application, but:
• It is a security risk, since the firewall is disabled.
• Only one (1) PC can use this feature.
Wireless Access
Problem 1: My PC can't locate the Wireless Access Point.
Solution 1:
Check the following.
• Your PC is set to Infrastructure Mode. (Access Points are always in
Infrastructure Mode)
• The SSID on your PC and the Wireless Access Point are the same.
Remember that the SSID is case-sensitive. So, for example "Workgroup" does NOT match "workgroup".
• Both your PC and the WRT-413 must have the same setting for WEP.
The default setting for the WRT-413 is disabled, so your wireless client
should also have WEP disabled.
• If WEP is enabled on the WRT-413, your PC must have WEP enabled,
and the key must match.
• If the WRT-413's Wireless screen is set to Allow LAN access to selected
Wireless Clients only, then each of your Wireless clients must have been
selected, or access will be blocked.
• To see if radio interference is causing a problem, see if connection is
possible when close to the WRT-413.
Remember that the connection range can be as little as 100 feet in poor
environments.
Problem 2: Wireless connection speed is very slow.
Solution 2:
The wireless system will connect at the highest possible speed, depending on
the distance and the environment. To obtain the highest possible connection
speed, you can experiment with the following:
• WRT-413 location.
Try adjusting the location and orientation of the WRT-413.
• Wireless Channel
If interference is the problem, changing to another channel may show a
marked improvement.
• Radio Interference
Other devices may be causing interference. You can experiment by
switching other devices Off, and see if this helps. Any "noisy" devices
should be shielded or relocated.
• RF Shielding
Your environment may tend to block transmission between the wireless
clients. This will mean high access speed is only possible when close to
the WRT-413.
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Appendix B
B
About Wireless LANs
This Appendix provides some background information about using Wireless LANs (WLANs).
Modes
Wireless LANs can work in either of two (2) modes:
• Ad-hoc
• Infrastructure
Ad-hoc Mode
Ad-hoc mode does not require an Access Point or a wired (Ethernet) LAN. Wireless Clients (e.g. notebook
PCs with wireless cards) communicate directly with each other.
Infrastructure Mode
In Infrastructure Mode, one or more Access Points are used to connect Wireless Clients (e.g. Notebook PCs
with wireless cards) to a wired (Ethernet) LAN. The Wireless Clients can then access all LAN resources.
Access Points can only function in "Infrastructure" mode,
and can communicate only with Wireless Clients which are
set to "Infrastructure" mode.
BSS/ESS
BSS
A group of Wireless Clients and a single Access Point, all using the same ID (SSID), form a Basic Service Set
(BSS).
Using the same SSID is essential. Devices with different SSIDs are unable to communicate with each other.
ESS
A group of Wireless Clients, and multiple Access Points, all using the same ID (ESSID), form an Extended
Service Set (ESS).
Different Access Points within an ESS can use different Channels. In fact, to reduce interference, it is recommended that adjacent Access Points SHOULD use different channels.
As Wireless Clients are physically moved through the area covered by an ESS, they will automatically change to
the Access Point which has the least interference or best performance. This capability is called Roaming. (Access Points do not have or require Roaming capabilities.)
Channels
The Wireless Channel sets the radio frequency used for communication.
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• Access Points use a fixed Channel. You can select the Channel used. This allows you to choose a Channel
which provides the least interference and best performance. In the USA and Canada, 11 channel are available. If using multiple Access Points, it is better if adjacent Access Points use different Channels to reduce
interference.
• In "Infrastructure" mode, Wireless Clients normally scan all Channels, looking for an Access Point. If more
than one Access Point can be used, the one with the strongest signal is used. (This can only happen within an
ESS.)
• If using "Ad-hoc" mode (no Access Point), all Wireless clients should be set to use the same Channel.
However, most Wireless clients will still scan all Channels to see if there is an existing "Ad-hoc" group they
can join.
WEP
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) is a standard for encrypting data before it is transmitted.
This is desirable because it is impossible to prevent snoopers from receiving any data which is transmitted by
your Wireless Clients. But if the data is encrypted, then it is meaningless unless the receiver can decrypt it.
If WEP is used, the Wireless Clients and the Access Point must have the same settings for each of the
following:
WEP
Key
WEP Authentication
Off, 64 Bit, 128 Bit
For 64 Bit encryption, the Key value must match.
For 128 Bit encryption, the Key value must match
Open System or Shared Key.
Wireless LAN Configuration
To allow Wireless Clients to use the Access Point, the Wireless Clients and the Access Point must use the same
settings, as follows:
Mode
SSID (ESSID)
WEP
On client Wireless Clients, the mode must be set to "Infrastructure".
(The Access Point is always in "Infrastructure" mode.)
Wireless Clients should use the same SSID (ESSID) as the Access Point
they wish to connect to. Alternatively, the SSID can be set to "any" or
null (blank) to allow connection to any Access Point.
The Wireless Clients and the Access Point must use the same settings for
WEP (Off, 64 Bit, 128 Bit).
WEP Key: If WEP is enabled, the Key must be the same on the Wireless Clients and the Access Point.
WEP Authentication: If WEP is enabled, all Wireless Clients must use
the same setting as the Access Point (either "Open System" or "Shared
Key").
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Appendix C
C
Specifications
Multi-Function WRT-413
Model WRT-413
Dimensions 150 x 102 x 30 mm
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Network Protocol: TCP/IP
Network Interface:
LEDs
Power Adapter 12V DC, 1A External
0° C to 50° C
-10° C to 70° C
4 * 10/100BaseT (RJ45) LAN connection
1 * 10/100BaseT (RJ45) for WAN
1 x POWER
1 x STATUS
LAN: 4 x LNK/ACT, 4 x 100Mbps
1 x WAN
1 x WLAN
Wireless Interface
Standards Wireless: IEEE 802.11b / 802.11g
Frequency 2.4 to 2.4835GHz (Industrial Scientific Medical Band)
Channels Maximum 14 Channels, depending on regulatory authorities
Radio Technology Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
Modulation OFDM/BPSK/QPSK/CCK
Data Rate
Security WEP 64/128Bit; WPA-PSK
Output Power 802.11b: 18 ~ 20dBm
Antenna 1 x Detachable Dipole Antenna
802.11b: 11/5.5/2/1Mbps
802.11g: 54/48/36/24/18/12/9/6Mbps
802.11g: 11 ~ 14dBm
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Regulatory Approvals
CE Standards
This product complies with the 99/5/EEC directives, including the following safety and EMC standards:
• EN300328-2
• EN301489-1/-17
• EN60950
CE Marking Warning
This is a Class B product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the
user may be required to take adequate measures.
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