Phoenix Contact UM EN RAD-80211-XD, RAD-80211-XD-BUS, RAD-80211-XD-WM User Manual

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AUTOMATION

User Manual

UM EN RAD-80211-XD...

Wireless Ethernet Radios

802.11 Transceiver Series

AUTOMATION

User Manual

Wireless Ethernet Radios 802.11 Transceiver Series

04/2009

Designation:

Revision:

Order No.:

This user manual is valid for:

Designation Version Order No.

RAD-80211-XD 2885728

RAD-80211-XD-BUS 2885757

RAD-80211-XD-WM 2885715

UM EN RAD-80211-XD...

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT

RAD-80211-XD...

Please observe the following notes

In order to ensure the safe use of the product described, you have to read and understand this manual. The following notes provide information on how to use this manual.

User group of this manual

The use of products described in this manual is oriented exclusively to

Phoenix Contact accepts no liability for erroneous handling or damage to products from Phoenix Contact or third-party products resulting from disregard of information contained in this manual.

Explanation of symbols used and signal words

This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential personal injury hazards. Obey all safety messages that follow this symbol to avoid possible injury or death.

DANGER

This indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

WARNING

This indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

CAUTION

This indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.

The following types of messages provide information about possible property damage and general information concerning proper operation and ease-of-use.

NOTE

This symbol and the accompanying text alerts the reader to a situation which may cause damage or malfunction to the device, either hardware or software, or surrounding property.

This symbol and the accompanying text provides additional information to the reader. It is also used as a reference to other sources of information (manuals, data sheets, literature) on the subject matter, product, etc.

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RAD-80211-XD...

General terms and conditions of use for technical documentation

Phoenix Contact reserves the right to alter, correct, and/or improve the technical documentation and the products described in the technical documentation at its own discretion and without giving prior notice, insofar as this is reasonable for the user. The same applies to any technical changes that serve the purpose of technical progress.

The receipt of technical documentation (in particular data sheets, installation instructions, manuals, etc.) does not constitute any further duty on the part of Phoenix Contact to furnish information on alterations to products and/or technical documentation. Any other agreement shall only apply if expressly confirmed in writing by Phoenix Contact. Please note that the supplied documentation is product-specific documentation only and that you are responsible for checking the suitability and intended use of the products in your specific application, in particular with regard to observing the applicable standards and regulations. Although Phoenix Contact makes every effort to ensure that the information content is accurate, up-to-date, and state-of-the-art, technical inaccuracies and/or printing errors in the information cannot be ruled out. Phoenix Contact does not offer any guarantees as to the reliability, accuracy or completeness of the information. All information made available in the technical data is supplied without any accompanying guarantee, whether expressly mentioned, implied or tacitly assumed. This information does not include any guarantees regarding quality, does not describe any fair marketable quality, and does not make any claims as to quality guarantees or guarantees regarding the suitability for a special purpose.

Phoenix Contact accepts no liability or responsibility for errors or omissions in the content of the technical documentation (in particular data sheets, installation instructions, manuals, etc.).

The aforementioned limitations of liability and exemptions from liability do not apply, in so far as liability must be assumed, e.g., according to product liability law, in cases of premeditation, gross negligence, on account of loss of life, physical injury or damage to health or on account of the violation of important contractual obligations. Claims for damages for the violation of important contractual obligations are, however, limited to contract-typical, predictable damages, provided there is no premeditation or gross negligence, or that liability is assumed on account of loss of life, physical injury or damage to health. This ruling does not imply a change in the burden of proof to the detriment of the user.

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RAD-80211-XD...

Statement of legal authority

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Phoenix Contact reserves all rights in the case of patent award or listing of a registered design. Third-party products are always named without reference to patent rights. The existence of such rights shall not be excluded.

Modbus is a registered trademark of Schneider Automation. Wi-Fi is a registered trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance.

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Internet Up-to-date information on Phoenix Contact products and our Terms and Conditions can be

found on the Internet at:

www.phoenixcontact.com

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Should you have any suggestions or recommendations for improvement of the contents and layout of our manuals, please send your comments to

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Table of Contents

1 802.11 Series Overview...........................................................................................................1-3

1.1 Basic Features of the IEEE 802.11 Wireless Standards .....................................1-3

1.2 Radio Descriptions .............................................................................................1-4

1.3 Wireless Standard IEEE 802.11 Basics..............................................................1-8

1.4 Access Point/Client Configurations ....................................................................1-9

1.5 Bridge Configurations.........................................................................................1-9

1.6 Data Encryption and Security ...........................................................................1-11

1.7 SSID (Service Set ID) .......................................................................................1-11

1.8 Access Point and Client Encryption..................................................................1-12

1.9 Bridge Encryption.............................................................................................1-13

1.10 DHCP Server....................................................................................................1-13

1.11 Operator Authentication and Management.......................................................1-14

1.12 Modbus/TCP I/O Emulation..............................................................................1-14

1.13 Ethernet Terminal Server..................................................................................1-14

2 System Planning......................................................................................................................2-3

2.1 Accessing the Site..............................................................................................2-3

2.2 Path Quality Analysis..........................................................................................2-3

2.3 Signal Strength...................................................................................................2-3

2.4 Antennas and Cabling ........................................................................................2-4

2.5 Antenna Mounting Considerations .....................................................................2-6

2.6 Maintaining System Performance.......................................................................2-7

3 Installation ...............................................................................................................................3-3

3.1 Mounting the Radios...........................................................................................3-3

3.2 Making Connections and Powering Up...............................................................3-8

4 Programming the Radio ...........................................................................................................4-3

4.1 Configuring the PC to Communicate with the Radio ...........................................4-3

4.2 Logging Into the Radio........................................................................................4-3

4.3 Viewing Device Information ................................................................................4-4

4.4 General Device Information................................................................................4-5

4.5 Local Diagnostics ...............................................................................................4-6

4.6 General Configuration ........................................................................................4-7

4.7 Operational Mode...............................................................................................4-8

4.8 LAN Configuration ..............................................................................................4-9

4.9 SNMP Configuration.........................................................................................4-10

4.10 DHCP Server....................................................................................................4-11

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RAD-80211-XD...

4.11 Configuring the RAD-80211-XD... as an Access Point ....................................4-12

4.12 Client Configuration..........................................................................................4-21

4.13 Bridge Configuration.........................................................................................4-25

4.14 I/O Ports ...........................................................................................................4-31

4.15 Passwords........................................................................................................4-34

4.16 Store and Retrieve Settings..............................................................................4-35

4.17 Performance.....................................................................................................4-36

4.18 Maintenance.....................................................................................................4-36

4.19 Monitoring/Reports...........................................................................................4-38

5 XD-BUS Configuration for I/O Modules (RAD-80211-XD-BUS only) .......................................5-3

5.1 I/O Communications...........................................................................................5-3

5.2 I/O Module Descriptions .....................................................................................5-8

5.3 Addressing the Remote I/O ................................................................................5-9

5.4 Rotary Switches ...............................................................................................5-15

5.5 Register Scaling ...............................................................................................5-15

5.6 Wiring and Fail Condition DIP Switches for the I/O Modules ............................5-18

5.7 Accessing the XML file .....................................................................................5-28

6 Radio Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................6-3

6.1 LED Indicators....................................................................................................6-3

6.2 RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator).........................................................6-5

6.3 General Troubleshooting....................................................................................6-7

6.4 Resetting the IP Address....................................................................................6-9

7 Technical Data.........................................................................................................................7-3

7.1 RAD-80211-XD and RAD-80211-XD-BUS ........................................................7-3

7.2 RAD-80211-XD-WM ..........................................................................................7-4

7.3 Dimensions.........................................................................................................7-5

8 Ordering Information................................................................................................................8-3

8.1 RAD-80211-XD and RAD-80211-XD-BUS Parts and Assemblies...................... 8-3

8.2 RAD-80211-XD-WM Parts and Assemblies .......................................................8-5

8.3 Additional Parts and Accessories .......................................................................8-6

PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Table of Contents

A Technical Appendix ................................................................................................................ A-1

A 1 Structure of IP Addresses.................................................................................. A-1

A 2 Assigning IP Addresses..................................................................................... A-1

B Appendices............................................................................................................................. B-1

B 1 List of Figures .................................................................................................... B-1

B 2 List of Tables ..................................................................................................... B-5

B 3 Explanation of Terms......................................................................................... B-7

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RAD-80211-XD...

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Section 1

This section informs you about – Basic features of IEEE 802.11 – Access point/client configurations – Bridge configurations – Data encryption and security availability –SSID – Modbus/TCP I/O emulation – Ethernet Terminal Server

802.11 Series Overview ..................................................................................................................1-3

1.1 Basic Features of the IEEE 802.11 Wireless Standards .....................................1-3

1.2 Radio Descriptions .............................................................................................1-4

1.2.1 RAD-80211-XD....................................................................................1-4

1.2.2 RAD-80211-XD-BUS ...........................................................................1-5

1.2.3 RAD-80211-XD-WM ............................................................................1-7

1.3 Wireless Standard IEEE 802.11 Basics..............................................................1-8

1.3.1 802.11b ...............................................................................................1-8

1.3.2 802.11a................................................................................................1-8

1.3.3 802.11g................................................................................................1-8

1.3.4 802.11b/g Mixed ..................................................................................1-8

1.4 Access Point/Client Configurations ....................................................................1-9

1.4.1 Example of Access Point/Client Topologies.........................................1-9

1.5 Bridge Configurations.........................................................................................1-9

1.5.1 Point-to-Point Bridging.......................................................................1-10

1.5.2 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging ...............................................................1-10

1.5.3 Repeater Mode..................................................................................1-11

1.6 Data Encryption and Security ...........................................................................1-11

1.7 SSID (Service Set ID) .......................................................................................1-11

1.8 Access Point and Client Encryption..................................................................1-12

1.8.1 WEP Encryption.................................................................................1-12

1.8.2 WPA with TKIP/AES-CCMP Encryption.............................................1-12

1.8.3 MAC Address Filtering.......................................................................1-12

1.9 Bridge Encryption.............................................................................................1-13

1.9.1 AES ...................................................................................................1-13

1.10 DHCP Server....................................................................................................1-13

1.11 Operator Authentication and Management.......................................................1-14

1.12 Modbus/TCP I/O Emulation..............................................................................1-14

1.13 Ethernet Terminal Server..................................................................................1-14

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RAD-80211-XD...

1-2

PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

1 802.11 Series Overview

1.1 Basic Features of the IEEE 802.11 Wireless Standards

The Phoenix Contact RAD-80211-XD... radio transceivers are capable of transmitting Ethernet data using transmission methods conforming to IEEE 802.11a/b/g standards. This manual describes the RAD-80211-XD, RAD-80211-XD-BUS, and RAD-80211-XD-WM radios.

Each radio can be programmed to function as an Access Point, Client or a Bridge. Some of the features of this series include:

– 802.11i Security: This algorithm provides an exceptionally high level of security that is

currently deemed unhackable.

– Local and Remote Diagnostics: An RF link dry contact provides local assurance of

link between radios. The RSSI test point provides an easy way to check the strength of the RF signal. Advanced diagnostics are available via the web-based management.

– RS-232/422/485 Serial Ports: Two built-in serial ports allow the transmission of serial

data using the 802.11 wireless protocol. Ethernet and serial data can be sent simultaneously.

– Adjustable Transmit Power: Ability to raise or lower the power level to reduce the RF

range to facility boundaries or boost it to overcome obstructions in the path.

– Logging and Reporting Capabilities: Logs can be kept of any configuration

changes, attempts to gain access to the network or which clients are connected.

802.11 Series Overview

CAUTION:

Important Notice (RF Exposure)

Installation of this transmitter system’s antennas must be performed in a manner that will provide at least a 2 m (6 ft.) clearance from the front radiating aperture to any user or member of the public.

This product is intended for fixed installation applications.

FCC Part 15 Compliance

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Phoenix Contact will void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

FCC Part 15.247 ISC RSS 2101

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RAD-80211-XD...

Power Connection

RS-485 Connection

End Bracket

Ground Terminal

Block

Main Antenna Connection

Diversity Antenna Connection

(with protective cover)

RS-232 Status LEDs

RS-232 Port

RSSI Test Port

RJ45 Ethernet Port

WLAN Status LEDs

RF Link Status LEDs

RS-422/485 Status

LEDs

Power Status LED

1.2 Radio Descriptions

1.2.1 RAD-80211-XD

The RAD-80211-XD is a DIN rail-mount radio with a protection rating of IP20 (see Figure 1-1). This radio features an RJ45 connector for connection of Ethernet devices as well as an RS-232 and RS-422/485 port, which gives it the capability of sending serial data to another transceiver over the 802.11 radio link. The RAD-80211-XD features an RF link dry contact for indicating a radio link and an RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) voltage test point to aid installation and troubleshooting. There are two (2) antenna connectors for antenna diversity.

5 6 7

1 2 3

Typ USLKG 5

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(

)

(

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(

-0

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Figure 1-1 Features of the RAD-80211-XD wireless radio

Power Connection

RS-485 Connection

End Bracket

Ground Terminal

Block

Main Antenna Connection

Diversity Antenna Connection

(with protective cover)

RS-232 Status

LEDs

RS-232 Port

RSSI Test Port

RS-232 Port

WLAN Status LEDs

RF Link Status LEDs

RS-422/485 Status

LEDs

Power Status LED

5-pin Male

Bus Connector

5-pin Female

Bus Connector

Bus Connection Detail

MINI Power Supply

(Not supplied)

802.11 Series Overview

1.2.2 RAD-80211-XD-BUS

The RAD-80211-XD-BUS radio differs physically from the RAD-80211-XD in that it has a 5-pin BUS connector on the side of the unit (see Figure 1-2). This BUS connector is designed to allow analog, digital, or frequency input/output modules to be connected (see Figure 1-3). It also has a Modbus/TCP Gateway and an Ethernet Terminal Server. The I/O modules are accessed using Modbus/TCP protocol through an access point or a bridge radio (gateway). The I/O values are also available for read-only applications via an embedded XML file.

Figure 1-2 Features of the RAD-80211-XD-BUS wireless radio

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RAD-80211-XD...

Figure 1-3 I/O Modules used with the RAD-80211-XD-BUS

1-6

PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

802.11 Series Overview

RS-422/485 Connection (M12)

Main Antenna

RS-232 Port

LEDs

Diversity Antenna

Connection

Ground Connection

RJ45 Ethernet Port

Ethernet Port Cover

RS-422/485 Port

Cover

Power Port

Cover

RS-232 Port Cover

WLAN LEDs

RS-232 Port

Power Connection and

RF Link (M12)

Mounting Hole (4x)

RSSI Test Port

1.2.3 RAD-80211-XD-WM

The RAD-80211-XD-WM (see Figure 1-4) is a wall-mount radio with IP54 protection for nonhazardous locations. This radio features splash resistant connectors for the connection of Ethernet and RS-232 and RS-422/485 devices. It can be powered via a standard power supply or Power-over-Ethernet (PoE). The RAD-80211-XD-WM features an RF link dry contact for indicating a radio link and an RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) voltage test point to aid installation and troubleshooting. The RAD-80211-XD-WM radio comes with two sealed antenna connectors for antenna diversity.

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 1-7

Figure 1-4 Features of the RAD-80211-XD-WM wireless radio

RAD-80211-XD...

1.3 Wireless Standard IEEE 802.11 Basics

1.3.1 802.11b

The IEEE 802.11b standard, developed by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA) and ratified by IEEE, establishes a stable standard for compatibility. A user with an

802.11b product can use any brand of access point with any other brand of client hardware

(or bridge to bridge) that is built to the 802.11b standard for basic interconnection.

802.11b devices provide up to 11 Mbps transmission speed, and can fall back to 5.5, 2 and

1 Mbps depending on signal strength or user selection. The 802.11b uses DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) and operates in the 2.4 GHz band.

1.3.2 802.11a

The IEEE 802.11a standard is an extension to 802.11 that applies to wireless LANs and provides up to 54 Mbps in the 5 GHz band. 802.11a uses OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing).

1.3.3 802.11g

802.11g operates at data rates up to 54 Mbps within the 2.4 GHz band using OFDM.

802.11g is backwards compatible with 802.11b.

1.3.4 802.11b/g Mixed

802.11b/g Mixed mode only applies to access points and allows both 802.11b and 802.11g

clients to connect using optimum settings.

1-8

PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

802.11 Series Overview

RAD-80211-XD-WM 2885 715

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1.4 Access Point/Client Configurations

A transceiver configured as an access point can only communicate with devices configured as clients. A transceiver operating in bridge mode can only communicate with other bridge mode devices.

All wireless devices connected to the access point are configured on the same subnetwork as the wired network interface and can be accessed by devices on the wired network.

1.4.1 Example of Access Point/Client Topologies

An access point can be used as a stand-alone access point without any connection to a wired network. In this configuration, it simply provides a stand-alone wireless network for a group of wireless devices (see Figure 1-5).

The RAD-80211-XD... radios can be used as one of a number of access points connected to an existing Ethernet network to bridge between the wired and wireless environments. Each access point can operate independently of the other access points on the same LAN. Multiple Access Points can coexist as separate individual networks at the same site by using different SSIDs and operating on different channels. It is recommended that nonoverlapping channels be used to minimize interference.

The most common configuration is multiple access points connected to a wired network in various locations to provide a wider coverage area. This enables wireless client devices to roam freely about a site switching from access point to access point. The access points all have the same SSID but operate on different channels.

Figure 1-5 Example of Access Point/Client

1.5 Bridge Configurations

The wireless bridging function of the RAD-80211-XD... supports several different configurations. The most popular ones are described below.

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 1-9

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1.5.1 Point-to-Point Bridging

Figure 1-6 shows Point-to-Point bridging of two Ethernet links.

Figure 1-6 Example of Point-to-Point Bridging

1.5.2 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging

Figure 1-7 shows Point-to-Multipoint bridging of multiple Ethernet networks.

Bridge

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Figure 1-7 Example of Bridge/Repeater Mode

Ethernet

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

802.11 Series Overview

1.5.3 Repeater Mode

Figure 1-8 shows three radios all configured as bridges; two are connected to LAN networks, and the third simply acts as a repeater to extend the range.

Bridge/Repeater

Mode

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Figure 1-8 Example of Point-to-Multipoint Bridging

1.6 Data Encryption and Security

The RAD-80211-XD... radios feature several advanced security technologies. Access points and clients can be operated using no security (not recommended), WEP, WPA WPA2™ (802.11i). In Bridge mode, no security or AES encryption can be used. Some level of security is recommended.

™

1.7 SSID (Service Set ID)

The Service Set ID is a string used to identify a network among multiple wireless access points. The SSID can act as a basic password without which the client cannot connect to the network. Choosing to broadcast the SSID allows any client to discover the access point. Disabling SSID broadcasting is the most basic form of wireless network protection.

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 1-11

RAD-80211-XD...

1.8 Access Point and Client Encryption

1.8.1 WEP Encryption

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) encryption is a security protocol for wireless local area networks (WLANs) defined in the 802.11b standard. WEP relies on the use of identical static keys deployed on client stations and access points.

There is also shared or open authentication that applies to WEP. When shared authentication is configured, the access point performs an additional step when a new client is first detected. The access point sends out an authentication request to the client. The client then encrypts the request using the WEP key it has, and sends it to the access point. The access point then confirms (or denies access) that the new client has the correct WEP key. When open authentication is configured, this step is skipped. Data being sent back and forth is still encrypted using the WEP key.

Utilities exist for monitoring wireless traffic encrypted using WEP. After a certain amount of traffic has been monitored, these utilities can recognize encryption patterns. Additional security should be used such as hiding the SSID and MAC address filtering. This will create a network with a minimal level of security; however, it is not suitable for sensitive data.

1.8.2 WPA with TKIP/AES-CCMP Encryption

Wi-Fi Protected Access or WPA was designed to enable use of wireless legacy systems employing WEP while improving security. WPA uses improved data encryption through the temporal key integrity protocol (TKIP) which mixes keys using a hashing algorithm and adds an integrity-checking feature to ensure that the keys haven’t been tampered with. TKIP also incorporates re-keying, so the key is periodically changed to prevent old keys from being captured and used for unauthorized network access.

In addition, user authentication is enabled using the extensible authentication protocol (EAP). Finally, a message integrity check (MIC) is used to prevent an attacker from capturing and altering or forging data packets. It can also employ a form of AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) called AES-CCMP.

AES-Counter Mode CBC-MAC Protocol (AES-CCMP) is an encryption algorithm used in the 802.11i security protocol. It uses the AES block cipher, but restricts the key length to 128 bits. AES-CCMP incorporates two sophisticated cryptographic techniques (counter mode and CBC-MAC) and adapts them to Ethernet frames to provide a robust security protocol between the mobile client and the access point.

AES itself is a very strong cipher, but counter mode makes it difficult for an eavesdropper to spot patterns, and the CBC-MAC message integrity method ensures that messages have not been tampered with.

1.8.3 MAC Address Filtering

The MAC (Media Access Control) address is a hardware address that uniquely identifies each node of a network. In IEEE 802 networks, the Data Link Control layer of the OSI Reference Model is divided into two sub-layers: the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer and the MAC layer. The MAC layer interfaces directly with the network media. Consequently, each network device requires a unique MAC address.

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802.11 Series Overview

Authentication is the process of proving a client’s identity. The RAD-80211-XD, RAD80211-XD-BUS and RAD-80211-XD-WM can utilize MAC address filtering to detect an attempt to connect by an unauthorized client. The transceiver will compare the client’s MAC address to those on a user predefined MAC address filter list. Only client addresses found on the list are allowed to associate. MAC addresses are preassigned by the manufacturer for each wireless card.

1.9 Bridge Encryption

1.9.1 AES

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) was selected by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in October 2000 as an upgrade from the previous DES standard. AES is currently approved for military use, and utilizes a 128-bit block cipher algorithm and encryption technique for protecting computerized information.

The RAD-80211-XD, RAD-80211-XD-BUS and RAD-80211-XD-WM are compatible with networks that use a Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) server for allocating IP addresses. In addition, an access point can be configured to function as the DHCP Server for a network.

Authentication mechanisms are used to authenticate an operator accessing the device and to verify that the operator is authorized to assume the requested role and perform services within that role.

Access to the management screens for the RAD-80211-XD family of radios requires that you enter an ID and password. The factory defaults are:

The user name and password are case sensitive.

A. Access to Configuration options

For access to configuration options, use the following log in: – User name = Admin – Password = admin

B. Access to Monitoring Screens

For access to monitoring screens only, use the following log in: – User name = Monitor – Password = monitor

1.10 DHCP Server

The RAD-80211-XD, RAD-80211-XD-BUS and RAD-80211-WM are compatible with networks that use a Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) server for allocating IP addresses.

In addition, an access point can be configured to function as the DHCP Server for a network.

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 1-13

RAD-80211-XD...

1.11 Operator Authentication and Management

Authentication mechanisms are used to authenticate an operator accessing the device and to verify that the operator is authorized to assume the requested role and perform services within that role.

Access to the management screens for the RAD-80211-XD family of radios requires that you enter an ID and password. The factory defaults are:

The user name and password are case sensitive.

Access to Configuration options

For access to configuration options, use the following log in: – User name = Admin – Password = admin

Access to Monitoring Screens

For access to monitoring screens only, use the following log in: – User name = Monitor – Password = monitor

1.12 Modbus/TCP I/O Emulation

One RAD-80211 radio must be selected to function as the Modbus/TCP Gateway. All RAD-80211-XD-BUS radios in emulation mode will function as Modbus slaves. If the network consists of access points (AP) and clients, the access point must be the Modbus/TCP Gateway and the clients will be Modbus slaves. If the network consists of bridge mode radios, only one bridge can be programmed to function as the Gateway. All other bridges must be slaves. Any of the I/O ports on the radios (including the RS-232 and RS-422/485 ports as well as the expandable I/O modules) can be connected together via the two serial channels. This means that a slave PLC can be connected to either serial port of a radio, in addition, analog, digital and pulse/frequency I/O modules can be attached to the BUS connector of the RAD-80211-XD-BUS.

1.13 Ethernet Terminal Server

The Ethernet Terminal Server mode allows serial data to be encapsulated and transmitted over Ethernet. In access point/client topology, the access point must have the Ethernet Terminal enabled. If the network is in bridge mode, then only one bridge can have the Ethernet terminal enabled.

Seri al data packaged within TCP or UDP protocol is sent from some device and received b y the radio acting as the Ethernet terminal. The Ethernet terminal strips off the TCP/UDP protocol headers and sends the serial data out on one of the serial streams. The wireless link then distributes this data to all other radios' serial ports connected to that serial stream. If the serial protocol is addressable (e.g. Modbus, DF1, etc.), the end device will ignore any data that is not addressed to it.

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Section 2

This section informs you about – Site assessment – Path quality analysis – Signal strength – Antennas, cabling, and antenna mounting considerations – Maintaining system performance

System Planning .............................................................................................................................2-3

2.1 Accessing the Site..............................................................................................2-3

2.2 Path Quality Analysis..........................................................................................2-3

2.3 Signal Strength...................................................................................................2-3

2.4 Antennas and Cabling ........................................................................................2-4

2.4.1 Coaxial Cable Considerations .............................................................2-5

2.5 Antenna Mounting Considerations .....................................................................2-6

2.6 Maintaining System Performance.......................................................................2-7

2.6.1 Antennas and Coaxial Cable ...............................................................2-7

2.6.2 Cable Connections ..............................................................................2-7

2.6.3 Power Supply.......................................................................................2-7

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 2-1

RAD-80211-XD...

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

2 System Planning

2.1 Accessing the Site

To achieve the best radio performance possible, the installation sites have to be given careful consideration. The primary requirements for a reliable installation include:

– Antenna placement that allows for line-of-sight or adequate signal strength – Primary power source that provides required current – Protection of radio equipment from exposure to weather or temperature extremes – Suitable entrances for antenna, lightning arrestor, interface or other required cables - if

using remote antennas.

These requirements can be quickly assessed in most applications. A possible exception is the first item, verifying that a clear line-of-sight exists. A non-obstructed path is ideal; however, minor obstructions in the signal path will not always block communication. In general, the need for a clear path becomes greater as the transmission distance increases.

2.2 Path Quality Analysis

With the exception of short-range applications, a path loss study is generally recommended for new installations. The exceptions include distances of less than 92 m (300 ft.) where no test is required in 90% of applications, and where a test is done with a functional Phoenix Contact radio set to the desired wireless mode (802.11a, b or g), transmit data rate and transmit power setting. However, where towers would need to be built just to do the test, a path loss study is more practical. A path loss study predicts the signal strength reliability and estimates the fade margin of a proposed radio link. While terrain, elevation and distance are the major factors in this process, a path loss study also considers antenna gain, coaxial cable loss, transmitter power and receiver sensitivity to arrive at a final prediction.

Path loss studies are normally performed by a communications consultant, wireless hardware vendor or a system integrator who uses topographic maps or a software path analysis to evaluate a proposed path.

Although path studies provide valuable assistance in system planning, they are not perfect in their predictions. It is difficult, for example, to consider the effects of man-made obstructions or foliage growth without performing an actual on-air test. Such tests can be done using temporarily installed equipment.

System Planning

2.3 Signal Strength

The strength of radio signals in a well designed radio network must exceed the minimum level needed to establish basic communication. The excess signal is known as the fade margin, and it compensates for variations in signal level which may occur from time to time due to foliage growth, minor antenna misalignment or changing atmospheric losses.

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RAD-80211-XD...

While the required amount of fade margin differs from one system to another, experience has shown that a level of 20 dB above the receiver sensitivity threshold is sufficient in most systems. RAD-80211-XD... modules provide a means for direct measurement of received signal strength using a DC voltmeter. See Section 6.2, “RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator)” for more information.

2.4 Antennas and Cabling

The single most important item affecting radio performance is the antenna system. Careful attention must be given to this part of an installation, or the performance of the entire system will be compromised. Quality high gain antennas should be used at all stations. The antennas should be specifically designed for use at the intended frequency of operation and with matching impedance (50 Ω).

Antennas are made by several manufacturers and fall into two categories – OMNIdirectional and YAGI-directional (see Figure 2-1). An OMNI-directional antenna provides equal radiation and response in all directions and is therefore appropriate for use at master stations which must communicate with an array of remote stations scattered in various directions. OMNI antennas should also be used where clients will be mobile.

At remote fixed stations, a directional antenna, such as a YAGI is typically used. Directional antennas confine the transmission and reception of signals to a relatively narrow beam width, allowing greater communication range, and reducing the chances of interference from other users outside the pattern. It is necessary to aim these antennas in the desired direction of communication (i.e., at the master station).

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System Planning

Omni-directional

Round reflector antenna

YAGI-directional

Directional antenna

Vertical aperture angle

Horizontal aperture

angle

Vertical transmit and

receive range

The end of the antenna (farthest from support mast) should face the associated station. Final alignment of the antenna heading can be accomplished by orienting it for maximum received signal strength.

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 2-5

Figure 2-1 OMNI-directional and YAGI-directional Antenna Performance

Characteristics

2.4.1 Coaxial Cable Considerations

The importance of using a low-loss antenna coaxial cable is often neglected during radio installation. Using the wrong cable can cause huge reductions in efficiency, and these losses cannot be recovered with any amount of antenna gain or transmitter power.

For every 3 dB of coaxial cable loss, half the transmitter power will be lost before reaching the antenna. The choice of coaxial cable to use depends on: 1) the length of cable required to reach the antenna, 2) the amount of signal loss that can be tolerated, and 3) cost considerations. For long-range transmission paths, where signal is likely to be weaker, a low-loss cable type is recommended. The higher operational frequencies of 802.11a (5 GHz) will be more prone to coaxial cable losses, and therefore more consideration should be given to low-loss cable.

RAD-80211-XD...

For a short-range system, or one that requires only a short antenna coaxial cable, a less efficient cable may be acceptable and will cost far less than large diameter cable. Refer to Table 2-1 for values that allow judging the effectiveness of various cables at 2.4 GHz (802.11b and g) and 5 GHz (802.11a).

Table 2-1 Cable Types and Signal Loss (dB)

Cable

Type

RG-58 25.01 38.96 41.02

RG-213 12.51 20.56 21.79

LMR-240 12.76 19.37 20.31

LMR-400 6.68 10.27 10.79

LMR-500 5.41 8.41 8.85

LMR-600 4.37 6.87 7.24

2.4 GHz Loss (dB/100 ft.)

5.2 GHz Loss (dB/100 ft.)

5.5 GHz Loss (dB/100 ft.)

2.5 Antenna Mounting Considerations

The antenna manufacturer’s installation instructions must be strictly followed for proper operation of a directional or omnidirectional antenna. Using proper mounting hardware and bracket ensures a secure mounting arrangement with no pattern distortion or de-tuning of the antenna. The following recommendations apply to all antenna installations:

– Mount the antenna in the clear, as far away as possible from obstructions such as

buildings, metal objects, dense foliage, etc. Choose a location that provides a clear path in the direction of the opposite antenna. If the antenna is co-located with another antenna (other than 2nd antenna connector on the same radio), try to get at least one foot vertical or one foot horizontal separation between the two.

– Polarization of the antenna is important. Most systems use a vertically polarized

omnidirectional antenna at the master station. Therefore, the remote antennas must also be vertically polarized (elements perpendicular to the horizon). Cross-polarization between stations can cause a signal loss of 20 dB or more.

– When installed indoors, the radio must be grounded through the DIN rail for DIN-mount

versions or using the ground lug on the wall-mount versions. A surge arrestor must be used on the antenna for outdoor installations.

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System Planning

2.6 Maintaining System Performance

Over time, any communications system requires a degree of preventative maintenance to ensure peak operating efficiency. Periodic checks of master and remote sites should be made to identify and correct potential problems before they become threats to system operation. The following areas should be given special attention:

2.6.1 Antennas and Coaxial Cable

Visually inspect the antenna and coaxial cable for physical damage, and make sure that the coaxial connections are tight and properly sealed against the weather. When using directional antennas, be sure that the antenna heading has not shifted since installation.

The SWR (Standing Wave Ratio) of the antenna system can be checked from time to time using a through-line wattmeter. Defects in the antenna system will frequently show up as reflected power on the meter. It is good practice to accept only a maximum reflected power of about 5%; this corresponds to an SWR of approximately 1.5:1. For any condition exceeding this value, search for and correct the cause—damaged antenna, defective or improperly installed connectors, water in the coaxial feedline, etc.

2.6.2 Cable Connections

All power, data, and ground connections should be secure and free of corrosion.

2.6.3 Power Supply

The voltage of the station power supply should be measured to verify that it is within the operating specifications for the radio. If possible, the radio should be keyed during this test to ensure maximum current draw from the supply. Batteries, if used, should be checked for charge level and signs of leakage or corrosion.

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RAD-80211-XD...

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Section 3

This section informs you about –Mounting the radios – Power connections – Ethernet and serial connections – Antenna connections

Installation.......................................................................................................................................3-3

3.1 Mounting the Radios...........................................................................................3-3

3.1.1 Mounting the RAD-80211-XD or RAD-80211-XD-BUS........................ 3-3

3.1.2 Mounting the RAD-80211-XD-WM ...................................................... 3-6

3.2 Making Connections and Powering Up...............................................................3-8

3.2.1 Power Connections..............................................................................3-8

3.2.2 Ethernet Connections ........................................................................3-11

3.2.3 Serial Port Connections ....................................................................3-11

3.2.4 Antenna Connections ........................................................................3-13

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 3-1

RAD-80211-XD...

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

3 Installation

Installation

3.1 Mounting the Radios

3.1.1 Mounting the RAD-80211-XD or RAD-80211-XD-BUS

Figure 3-1 shows a typical RAD-80211-XD or RAD-80211-XD-BUS radio installation using a Phoenix Contact power supply, end clamps and a DIN rail grounding block.

Figure 3-1 Installation showing a DIN rail power supply, end clamps and ground

terminal block

When mounting the radio onto a standard 35 mm (1.378 in.) DIN rail, end clamps should be mounted on both sides of the module(s) to stop the modules from slipping on the DIN rail (see Figure 3-1).

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 3-3

RAD-80211-XD...

Modules are installed from left to right on the mounting rail. Install modules to mounting rail as described in the following steps.

DANGER:

DO NOT CONNECT OR DISCONNECT EQUIPMENT UNLESS AREA IS KNOWN TO BE NON-HAZARDOUS

When used within hazardous conditions (for Class I Division 2, Groups A, B, C and D), the RAD-80211-XD-WM product must be installed in an approved IP54 or NEMA 4X enclosure.

Installation is to be conducted by a license electrician as per the local installation/electrical codes.

WARNING:

Never install or remove a module while power is applied to any component on the rail. Before installing or removing a module, disconnect power to the entire station. Make sure work on the entire station is complete before switching power back on.

WARNING:

Do not connect or disconnect any connector while power is ON. This can cause arcing that could damage electronics or cause personal injury.

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Installation

DIN-rail Latch

Open Latch

Position On DIN-rail

Push In

Rotate Out

Lift Off DIN-rail

Installation

Removal

2186A035

Blade Type Screwdriver

1. Attach the RAD-80211-XD or RAD-80211-XD-BUS module to the mounting rail by positioning the keyway at the top of the module onto the mounting rail. Then rotate the module inward until the DIN rail latch locks the module in place on the rail. Next, check that the module is fixed securely to the rail by lightly pulling outward on the module.

Figure 3-2 Installing and removing a module from the DIN rail

2. Continue attaching any other module(s) to the mounting rail as described in Step 1.

NOTE:

Phoenix Contact recommends the use of end clamps to prevent modules from moving back and forth on the mounting rail.

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 3-5

RAD-80211-XD...

3. When all modules are installed, place an end clamp tight up against the left side of the left-most module on the mounting rail. Then place a second end clamp tight up against the right side of the right-most module on the mounting rail.

NOTE:

Grounding clips built into the RAD-80211-XD or RAD-80211-XD-BUS module make contact with the upper edge of the DIN rail during installation. This provides a ground path from the DIN rail to the module. To ensure proper shielding of the module(s) through the DIN rail, Phoenix Contact recommends connecting the DIN rail directly to a low impedance earth ground.

4. Connect the DIN rail to protective earth ground using a grounding terminal block (see Figure 3-1).

3.1.2 Mounting the RAD-80211-XD-WM

In areas where there is exposure to direct and continuous sunlight (UV) or rain, mounting under a protective cover is recommended.

DANGER:

Do not connect or disconnect equipment unless area is know to be non-hazardous.

When used within hazardous conditions (for Class I Division 2, Groups A, B, C and D), the RAD-80211-XD-WM product must be installed in an approved IP54 or NEMA 4X enclosure.

Installation is to be conducted by a license electrician as per the local installation/electrical codes.

WARNING:

Do not connect or disconnect any connector while power is ON. This can cause arcing that could damage electronics or cause personal injury.

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Installation

1. Mount the radio to a flat surface such as a wall (minimum 1/2-inch, drywall) or cabinet side using four No. 8-32 pan head screws at least 3/4-inch long. If mounting to drywall, use No. 8 screws with wall mounting anchors.

Figure 3-3 Typical installation of the RAD-80211-XD-WM radio

2. Connect the radio to protective earth ground using the ground lug located on the right side of the module.

Figure 3-4 RAD-80211-XD-WM radio ground connection

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 3-7

RAD-80211-XD...

3.2 Making Connections and Powering Up

3.2.1 Power Connections

External interconnecting cables are to be installed in accordance to NEC, ANSI/NFPA70 (for US applications) and Canadian Electrical Code, Part 1, CSA C22.1 (for Canadian applications) and in accordance to local country codes for all other countries.

RAD-80211-XD or RAD-80211-XD-BUS

Connect a regulated Class 2 DC power source to the transceiver. The supply voltage can range from 12 to 30 V DC with a nominal voltage of either 12 V DC or 24 V DC recommended. The power supply must be able to supply 150 mA of current at 24 V DC. Figure 3-5 shows an installation using a Phoenix Contact MINI power supply. Figure 3-6 provides wiring information for the RAD-80211-XD or the RAD-80211-XD-BUS.

Figure 3-5 RAD-80211-XD or RAD-80211-XD-BUS power connections

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Installation

5 6 7

1 2

3 4

543 21

9 8 76

STATUS

RS-4

85 RX

RS-4

RF LINK

RF DATA

WAN

SPEED

WAN LINK

RS-2

32 RX

RS-2

ANT 1

ANT 2

RSS

RAD-

80211-XD

FLBL-2938-01R1

GND

+24V

B(-)

(+)

B(-)

A(+)

2186A058

Tightern Screws to

0.5 – 0.6 Nm (4.42 – 5.31 lbf/in.)

Wire Size

(Solid or Stranded)

0.2 – 2.5 mm

(14 – 24 AWG)

Strip Length

7 mm

(0.275 in.)

Figure 3-6 RAD-80211-XD or RAD-80211-XD-BUS transceiver wiring requirements

RAD-80211-XD-WM

The RAD-80211-XD-WM has two power options. The device may be powered from a Class 2 DC power supply ranging from 12 to 30 V DC or by a UL listed Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) using an 802.3af compliant power injector. Figure 3-7 and Figure 3-8 show how to make the connections. If redundancy is needed, the radio can be powered from both the DC source and using PoE. In this case the DC source is a backup power source in the event that primary power is lost. The DC source must be connected to the radio with an M12 connector. For example, the Phoenix Contact 1.5 m cable (Order No. 1668108) has an M12 connector on one end and flying leads on the other. Other cable lengths are available. Visit our web site at www.phoenixcontact.com

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 3-9

RAD-80211-XD...

Figure 3-7 RAD-80211-XD-WM power connections

Figure 3-8 RAD-80211-XD-WM M12 cable connections

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Installation

3.2.2 Ethernet Connections

Connect a CAT5 Ethernet cable between the port on the transceiver and the network adapter card on your computer. Use either a crossover (C/O) or 1:1 cable as the radio has autocross functionality. The cable should not exceed 100 m (329 ft.) in length.

3.2.3 Serial Port Connections

NOTE:

These ports are used for transferring data. Device configuration is done through the Ethernet port.

RS-232 Connections

When the correct RS-232 cable is used to connect the radio to the computer or PLC/industrial instrument, the TX LED on the radio will light. (This TX LED will also flash when data is passed.)

There are two types of serial port cables that both have DB-9 (9-pin D-sub) connectors (see Figure 3-9). One is called a straight-through 9-pin serial port cable and the other is called a null modem cable. On a straight-through cable, it is wired as just that – straight through, in other words, pin 1 is connected to pin 1, pin 2 to 2, etc.

Figure 3-9 RS-232 wiring diagrams and pinouts

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 3-11

RAD-80211-XD...

A null modem cable crosses over pins 2 and 3 (transmit and receive data) and also crosses over pins 7 and 8 (clear-to-send [CTS] and ready-to-send [RTS]. A null modem cable is designed to allow two devices to be connected together when they both function as data terminal equipment (DTE) or when they both function as data communications equipment (DCE). By swapping the pins, it connects inputs to outputs and vice versa for proper operation.

Equipment with serial ports can be designed as either DTE or DCE. This determines the functions of pins 2 & 3, and 7 & 8. For example, if pin 7 is an output on one end, then it will have to be an input on the other end. Computers are typically DTE devices while modems and radio modems are DCE. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), flow computers and other industrial instruments could be either DCE or DTE.

To connect a DCE device to a DTE device, a straight-through cable is used. To connect two DCE devices together or to connect two DTE devices together, a null modem cable is required.

RS-422/485 Connections

The radio can also be connected to external devices using RS-485 or RS-422. Both 2-wire and 4-wire configurations are supported. Although the 4-wire configuration supports full duplex communications, the radio is only half duplex over the air.

Figure 3-10 RS-422/485 2-wire and 4-wire connections

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Figure 3-11 RAD-80211-XD-WM 2-wire and 4-wire connections

Installation

3.2.4 Antenna Connections

There are two antenna connectors on the transceiver (see Figure 3-12). A single antenna can be used or two antennas can be connected to provide antenna diversity (see “Additional Parts and Accessories” on page 8-6 for options).

Some sites may experience multipath problems. Multi-pathing is likely to be a greater problem when there is no line-of-sight and there are lots of metal structures in the path. Conductive metals reflect RF energy fairly efficiently and increase the possibility of a multipath condition. If there is clear line-of-sight, multipath is less likely to occur but can still be a problem. If using a single antenna, connect it to ANT 1.

NOTE:

If a single antenna is used, the protective cap must be installed on the ANT 2 connector for the radio to meet the listed ESD specifications.

At least one antenna must be used. When using a single antenna, it must be connected to

ANT 1.

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 3-13

RAD-80211-XD...

Main antenna

connection

Diversity antenna

connection

MCX Plug

Antenna with Adapter Cable

Protective Cap

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

GND

+24V

293

ANT

232

SSI

01R1

9876

A(+

(-)

S-

RS-4

F D

WAN

54321

RAD-80211-XD

A(+)

(-)

)

ATA

EED

N S

Figure 3-12 RAD-80211-XD or RAD-80211-XD-BUS Redundant Antenna Connections

To realize the benefits of antenna diversity, the antennas should be located at least

1.25 wavelengths apart. At 2.4 GHz, this distance is 15 cm (5.9 in.). At 5 GHz, this distance

is 7 cm (2.8 in.). Antennas can be mounted farther apart, but most of the benefit is realized at 1.25 wavelengths.

NOTE:

Transceiver can use either the 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz ISM band. The antenna must be specific to the frequency. There are dual band antennas available if both frequency ranges are used. 802.11a uses the 5 GHz band whereas 802.11b and g use the 2.4 GHz band.

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PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Installation

NOTE:

The maximum antenna (system) gain is restricted by the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) and ISC (Industry Science Canada).

In the 2.4 GHz band, the maximum EIRP (Effective Isotropically-Radiated Power) is limited to 4 W (36 dBm). The EIRP is calculated by adding the transmit power of the radio to the system gain of the antennas and coaxial cables measured in dBm.

Example: – 1 W transmit power (30 dBm) +6 dBi system

gain = 36 dBm

– 100 mW transmit power (20 dBm) +16 dBi system

gain = 36 dBm

The 5 GHz band is divided into 2 portions of the spectrum with slightly different rules. In the UNII lower band: [5.25–5.35 GHz (channels 52, 56, 60, 64)], the maximum EIRP is 800 mW (29 dBm).

Example: – 200 mW transmit power (23 dBm) +6 dBi system

gain = 29 dBm

– 100 mW transmit power (20 dBm) +9 dBi system

gain = 29 dBm

In the UNII upper band: [5.745–5.805 GHz (channels 149, 153, 157,161)], the maximum EIRP is 4 W (36 dBm).

– 800 mW transmit power (29 dBm) +7 dBi system

gain = 36 dBm

– 100 mW transmit power (20 dBm) +16 dBi system

gain = 36 dBm

2186_en_I PHOENIX CONTACT 3-15

RAD-80211-XD...

3-16

PHOENIX CONTACT 2186_en_I

Section 4

This section informs you about – Configuring the PC to communicate with the radio

Programming the Radio ..................................................................................................................4-3