Philips SAA4990H Datasheet

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

DATA SH EET

SAA4990H

Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)

Preliminary specification
File under Integrated Circuits, IC02

1996 Oct 25

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise

SAA4990H

reduction IC (PROZONIC)

FEATURES

• Progressive scan conversion
(262.5 to 525 or 312.5 to 625 lines/field)

• Field rate up-conversion (50 to 100 Hz or 60 to 120 Hz)

• Line flicker reduction

• Noise and cross-colour reduction

• Variable vertical sample rate conversion

• Movie phase detection

• Synchronous No parity Eight bit Reception and

Transmission (SNERT) interface.

QUICK REFERENCE DATA

SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN. MAX. UNIT

V
T

DDD
amb

digital supply voltage 4.5 5.5 V
operating ambient temperature 0 70 °C

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise reduction IC,
abbreviated as PROZONIC, is designed for applications
together with:

SAA4951WP Economy Controller (ECO3)
SAA4952H (memory controller)
SAA7158WP Back END IC (BENDIC)
SAA4995WP PANorama IC (PANIC)
SAA4970T ECOnomical video processing Back END IC

(ECOBENDIC)
TMS4C2970/71 (serial field memories)
TDA8755/8753A (A/D converter 4 : 1 : 1 format)
83C652/54 type of microcontroller.

ORDERING INFORMATION

TYPE

NUMBER

SAA4990H QFP80 plastic quad flat package; 80 leads (lead length 1.95 mm); body 14 × 20 × 2.8 mm SOT318-2

NAME DESCRIPTION VERSION

PACKAGE

1996 Oct 25 2

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)

BLOCK DIAGRAM

D

YUV

12

FORMATTER

LINE

MIXER

MEMORY 3

LINE

MIXER

MEMORY 3

SAA4990H

RE1

RE2

WE2

3

CONTROL BLOCK



MGE024

SAA4990H

CK RE, WEVD, HD

book, full pagewidth

LINE

MIXER

MEMORY 2

LINE

MEMORY 1

NOISE

REDUCTION

REFORMATTER

4

UV1

REFORMATTER

4

UV2

LINE

MEDIAN

MEMORY 2

LINE

MEMORY 1

NOISE

REDUCTION

8

8

Y1

Y2

FILTER

84

FORMATTER

3 2 2

(SNERT)

INTERFACE

MICROPROCESSOR

SNRST

SNCL, SNDA,

Fig.1 Block diagram.

MOVIE

PHASE

DETECTOR

8

12

A

YUV

12

B

YUV

1996 Oct 25 3

12

C

YUV

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)

PINNING

SYMBOL PIN TYPE DESCRIPTION

TEST1/AP 1 input action pin for testing, to be connected to V
TEST2/SP 2 input shift pin for testing, to be connected to V
RE1 3 output read enable to FM1
V

SS1

V

DD1

YUV

C7

YUV

C6

YUV

C5

YUV

C4

YUV

C3

V

SS2

V

DD2

YUV

C2

YUV

C1

YUV

C0

YUV

C11

YUV

C10

YUV

C9

YUV

C8

CK 20 input master clock, nominal 27 or 32 MHz
V

SS3

V

DD3

WE2 23 output write enable to FM2
RE2 24 output read enable to FM2
YUV

B8

YUV

B9

YUV

B10

YUV

B11

YUV

B0

YUV

B1

YUV

B2

YUV

B3

V

DD4

V

SS4

YUV

B4

YUV

B5

YUV

B6

YUV

B7

RE 39 input master read enable
VD 40 input field frequent reset, vertical display

4 ground ground 1
5 supply supply voltage 1
6 output Y bit 7 to FM2
7 output Y bit 6 to FM2
8 output Y bit 5 to FM2

9 output Y bit 4 to FM2
10 output Y bit 3 to FM2
11 ground ground 2
12 supply supply voltage 2
13 output Y bit 2 to FM2
14 output Y bit 1 to FM2
15 output Y bit 0 to FM2
16 output UV bit 3 to FM2
17 output UV bit 2 to FM2
18 output UV bit 1 to FM2
19 output UV bit 0 to FM2

21 ground ground 3
22 supply supply voltage 3

25 input UV bit 0 from FM2
26 input UV bit 1 from FM2
27 input UV bit 2 from FM2
28 input UV bit 3 from FM2
29 input Y bit 0 from FM2
30 input Y bit 1 from FM2
31 input Y bit 2 from FM2
32 input Y bit 3 from FM2
33 supply supply voltage 4
34 ground ground 4
35 input Y bit 4 from FM2
36 input Y bit 5 from FM2
37 input Y bit 6 from FM2
38 input Y bit 7 from FM2

SAA4990H

SS

SS

1996 Oct 25 4

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise

SAA4990H

reduction IC (PROZONIC)

SYMBOL PIN TYPE DESCRIPTION

HD 41 input horizontal reference signal
YUV

D8

YUV

D9

YUV

D10

V

DD5

V

SS5

YUV

D11

YUV

D0

YUV

D1

YUV

D2

V

DD6

V

SS6

YUV

D3

YUV

D4

YUV

D5

YUV

D6

YUV

D7

V

DD7

V

SS7

SNRST 60 input field frequent reset from microcontroller; reset for SNERT interface
SNDA 61 I/O data for SNERT interface
SNCL 62 input clock for SNERT interface
AUX 63 output spare output from line-sequencer
H

O

n.c. 65 − not connected
n.c. 66 − not connected
YUV

A7

YUV

A6

YUV

A5

YUV

A4

YUV

A3

YUV

A2

V

SS8

V

DD8

YUV

A1

YUV

A0

YUV

A11

YUV

A10

YUV

A9

YUV

A8

42 output UV bit 0
43 output UV bit 1
44 output UV bit 2
45 supply supply voltage 5
46 ground ground 5
47 output UV bit 3
48 output Y bit 0
49 output Y bit 1
50 output Y bit 2
51 supply supply voltage 6
52 ground ground 6
53 output Y bit 3
54 output Y bit 4
55 output Y bit 5
56 output Y bit 6
57 output Y bit 7
58 supply supply voltage 7
59 ground ground 7

64 output output hold to e.g. LC display

67 input Y bit 7 from FM1
68 input Y bit 6 from FM1
69 input Y bit 5 from FM1
70 input Y bit 4 from FM1
71 input Y bit 3 from FM1
72 input Y bit 2 from FM1
73 ground ground 8
74 supply supply voltage 8
75 input Y bit 1 from FM1
76 input Y bit 0 from FM1
77 input UV bit 3 from FM1
78 input UV bit 2 from FM1
79 input UV bit 1 from FM1
80 input UV bit 0 from FM1

1996 Oct 25 5

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)

handbook, full pagewidth

TEST1/AP
TEST2/SP

YUV
YUV
YUV
YUV
YUV

YUV
YUV

YUV
YUV
YUV

YUV

YUV

V

V

V

V

V

V

WE2

RE1

SS1
DD1

C7
C6
C5
C4

C3
SS2
DD2

C2

C1

C0

C11
C10

C9

C8

CK

SS3
DD3

RE2

YUVA8YUVA9YUV

80
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

A10

A11

YUV

YUVA0YUVA1V

79

78

77

76

75

DD8VSS8

74

73

SAA4990H

YUVA2YUVA3YUVA4YUVA5YUVA6YUVA7n.c.

71

72

70

69

68

67

66

n.c.
65

SAA4990H

H

64

O

63

AUX

62

SNCL

61

SNDA

60

SNRST
V

59

SS7

V

58

DD7

YUV

57

D7

YUV

56

D6

YUV

55

D5

YUV

54

D4

YUV

53

D3

V

52

SS6

V

51

DD6

YUV

50

D2

YUV

49

D1

YUV

48

D0

YUV

47

D11

V

46

SS5

V

45

DD5

YUV

44

D10

YUV

43

D9

YUV

42

D8

HD

41

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

B9

B10

B11

YUVB8YUV

YUV

YUVB0YUVB1YUVB2YUV

YUV

Fig.2 Pin configuration.

1996 Oct 25 6

B3

33

DD4

V

34

35

36

SS4

V

YUVB4YUVB5YUVB6YUV

37

38

39

40

B7

RE

MGE023

VD

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Field rate up-conversion with line flicker reduction

The line flicker reduction in conjunction with field rate
up-conversion is performed by generating a 50 Hz
interlace on the 100 Hz field rate display. Median filtering
supplies the data for the interlaced output fields.

D

EFINITIONS

Framel: l is the number of an input/output frame
temporarily combinating an A and B field.

x

: x is the field raster where A means an odd field and

Field

n

B means an even field.
Frame

combinating an origin/interpolated A and B field;
k indicates the origin input field with
k = 1: odd input field and raster A
k = 2: even input field and raster B within framel.

Field

2 lines of field
(see Fig.3); x is the field raster where A means an odd field
and B means an even field.

: l is the number of an output frame temporarily

l, k

x

: n, m = lines of field

n, m

and 1 line of fieldm using the median filter

n

are interpolated by

n, m

field
n

frame

A

t

handbook, halfpage

y

Fig.3 Generation of (median filter).field

l, k = 1

field
n,m

SAA4990H

frame

l, k = 2



B

B
n, m

A

field
m,n



B

field
m

MGE026

handbook, full pagewidth

input
1fH, 1f

output
2fH, 2f

v

v

field
1

A

frame

field
1

median

field
1, 2

frame

1

A

1, 1

B

field
2, 1

field
2

median

A

frame

B

field
2

1, 2

B

field
3

Fig.4 Scan rate up-conversion.

A

frame

field
3

median

A

B

field
3, 4

2, 1

frame

2

median

A

field
4, 3

frame

field
4

B

field
4

2, 2

MGE027

B

1996 Oct 25 7

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)

Progressive scan

Progressive scan conversion produces a double number
of lines per field on the output. The field frequency is not
changed, while the line frequency is doubled.

Processing for progressive scan is different for two
successive output fields, e.g. the first output field has a
median operation on the odd lines, while the second has
the median operation on the even lines.

ROGRESSIVE SCAN CONVERSION

P

handbook, full pagewidth

output
1fH, 1f

field
1

v

frame

1

A

field
2

B

SAA4990H

NON-INTERLACE MODE
With non-interlaced progressive scan output, line flicker is

removed because interlace is removed.

I

NTERLACE MODE

With interlaced progressive scan the output line structure
and line flicker is less visible (projection TV).

frame

2

field
3

A

field
4

B

field
5

A

output
2fH, 1f

v

field
1

A

median

frame

B

field
1, 2

1, 1

field
2

B

median

frame

A

field
2,3

1, 2

field
3

A

frame

a. Non-interlaced output; (625/50/1:1) or (525/60/1:1):

frame

1, 1

frame

1, 2

frame

b. Interlaced output; (1250/50/2:1) or (1050/60/2:1):

1

B

field
1,2

field
2,1

A

field
1,1

frame

median

field
3, 4

2, 1

2, 1

A

B

frame

field
4

2

B

frame

frame

field
2,2

median

field
4,5

2, 2

2, 2

B

A

MGE028

Fig.5 Progressive scan conversion.

1996 Oct 25 8

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification

Progressive scan-Zoom and Noise
reduction IC (PROZONIC)

Noise and cross-colour reduction

The noise reduction is field recursive with an average ratio
between fresh and over previous fields averaged
luminance and chrominance.

Two operating modes can be used in principal: the fixed
and the adaptive mode (see Table 6).

In the fixed mode, the averaging produces a constant
linear combination of the inputs. Except for k = 1, the fixed
mode should not be used for normal operation, because of
its smearing effects.

In the adaptive mode, the averaging ratio switches softly
on the basis of absolute differences in luminance among
the inputs. When the absolute difference is low, only a
small part of the fresh data will be added. When the
difference is high, much of the fresh data will be taken.
This occurs in either the situation of movement or where a
significant vertical contrast is seen.

SAA4990H

To latter remark, note that recursion is done over a field,
and the pixel positions one field apart always have a
vertical offset of one frame line. So averaging is not only
done in the dimension of time but also in the vertical
direction. Therefore averaging vertically on e.g. a vertical
black to white edge would provide a grey result if this was
not adapted for.

The averaging in chrominance is slaved to the luminance
averaging. This implies that differences in the
chrominance are not taken into account for the k-factor
setting.

The noise reduction scheme effectively decreases both
noise and cross-colour patterns.

The cross-colour pattern does not produce an increase of
the measured luminance difference, therefore this pattern
will be averaged over many fields.

handbook, full pagewidth

(1) Y
(2) see Table 9.
(3) see Fig.11.

out=YA

×k+YB×(1 −k).

FIELD

MEMORY

Y

A

Y

B

k

TF2TF1

FILTER LIMITER FILTER MULTIPLIER

(2)

Y

k-CURVE

(3)

out

(1)

MGE029

Fig.6 Noise reduction scheme.

1996 Oct 25 9