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Instrument Tube Fitting
Installation Manual
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Parker Hannifin Instrument Tube Fitting Installation Manual

Instrument Tube Fitting Installation Manual
Bulletin 4200-B4 May 2014

Table of Contents

Installation
Installation Valves Fittings Tubing
Tubing Fitting Installation
Tubing vs Pipe ............................................................ 1
Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Instrument Tubing Selection Guide........................... 19
Tubing Preparation (handling, cutting, deburring, cleaning)
Assembly & Remake Parker IPD Ferrule Presetting Tool MPI™ Assembly & Remake MPI™ Preset Tools MPI™ Tubing Selection Dielectric Fittings High Integrity Coupling Assembly Installation of Weld Fittings Analytical Tube Fittings Heat Code Traceability Parker Suparcase Thread Identification Thread and Tube End Size Charts Pipe Data and Dimensions
............................. 3
.................... 29
................................................ 32
........................... 37
..................................... 41
................................................... 42
............................................ 44
...................................................... 48
............................ 49
....................................... 50
............................................. 56
............................................. 58
®
– Ferrule Hardening ................. 60
................................................. 63
........................... 69
....................................... 77

Offer of Sale

The items described in this document are hereby offered for sale by Parker-Hannifin Corporation, its subsidiaries or its authorized distributors. This offer and its acceptance are governed by the provisions stated in the detailed “Offer of Sale” elsewhere in this document or available at www.parker.com/ipdus.
© 2014 Parker Hannifin Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Table of Contents
Parker Valves Overview
Needle Valves ........................................................... 79
Ball Valves Check Valves Metering Valves
................................................................ 85
............................................................ 93
...................................................... 105
Parker Fittings Overview
CPI™ / A-LOK® Fittings ........................................... 109
MPI Fittings Pipe Fittings Welded Fittings
............................................................. 110
............................................................ 111
....................................................... 112
Parker Tubing Overview ................................... 113
InstallationValvesFittingsTubing
WARNING – USER RESPONSIBILITY
FAILURE OR IMPROPER SELECTION OR IMPROPER USE OF THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN OR
RELATED ITEMS CAN CAUSE DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.
This document and other information from Parker-Hannifin Corporation, its subsidiaries and authorized distributors provide product or system options for further investigation by users having technical expertise.
The user, through its own analysis and testing, is solely responsible for making the final selection of the system and components and assuring that all performance, endurance, maintenance, safety and warning requirements of the application are met. The user must analyze all aspects of the application, follow applicable industry standards, and follow the information concerning the product in the current product catalog and in any other materials provided from Parker or its subsidiaries or authorized distributors.
To the extent that Parker or its subsidiaries or authorized distributors provide component or system options based upon data or specifications provided by the user, the user is responsible for determining that such data and specifications are suitable and sufficient for all applications and reasonably foreseeable uses of the components or systems.
NOTICE: The information contained within this publication is intended
for educational purposes only. Information contained within is not intended for re-sale and may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the express written consent of The Parker Hannifin Corporation.
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Notes
Installation
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Tubing vs. Pipe

Tubing vs. Pipe
Standard fluid line systems, whether for simple household use or for the more exacting requirements of industry, were for many years constructed from threaded pipe of assorted materials and were assembled with various standard pipe fitting shapes, unions and nipples. Such systems under high pressures were plagued with leakage problems besides being cumbersome, inefficient and costly to assemble and maintain. Therefore, the use of pipe in these systems has largely been replaced by tubing because of the many advantages it offers.
Old Method – Each connection is threaded – requires numerous fittings – system not flexible or easy to install and service connections not smooth inside – pockets obstruct flow.
Modern Method – Bendable tubing needs fewer fittings – no threading required – system light and compact – easy to install and service – no internal pockets or obstructions to
Figure 1 Tubing provides simplified, free flow system.
free flow.
Installation
Major Advantages of Tubing vs. Pipe
1. Bending Quality – Tubing has strong but relatively thin walls; is easy
to bend. Tube fabrication is simple.
2. Greater Strength – Tubing is stronger. No weakened sections from
reduction of wall thickness by threading.
Pipe
Figure 2 With no threading necessary, tubing does not require extra wall thickness
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Tubing
Tubing vs. Pipe
Installation
3. Less Turbulence – Smooth bends result in streamlined flow passage
and less pressure drop.
4. Economy of Space and Weight – With its better bending qualities and
a smaller outside diameter, tubing saves space and permits working in close quarters. Tube fittings are smaller and also weigh less.
5. Flexibility – Tubing is less rigid, has less tendency to transmit
vibration from one connection to another.
6. Fewer Fittings – Tubing bends substitute for elbows. Fewer fittings
mean fewer joints, fewer leak paths.
7. Tighter Joints – Quality tube fittings, correctly assembled, give better
assurance of leak-free systems.
8. Better Appearance – Tubing permits smoother contours with fewer
fittings for a professional look to tubing systems.
9. Cleaner Fabrication – No sealing compounds on tube connections.
Again no threading; minimum chance of scale, metal chips, foreign particles in system.
10. Easier Assembly and Disassembly – Every tube connection serves as
a union. Tube connections can be reassembled repeatedly with easy wrench action.
11. Less Maintenance – Advantages of tubing and tube fittings add up to
dependable, trouble-free installations.
2
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication

Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
1. Measure Exactly and Bend Accurately
Measuring exactly and bending accurately are the two most impor­tant rules which must be observed when fabricating a tube line.
Figure 3 Accurate measurements coupled with exact angles may result in a tube line that will fit at points (A-D).
Installation
Exact measurement is required to insure that you obtain the desired distance between bends. If you do not measure exactly, the tube line will not fit.
Figure 4 Measuring error on second leg (B-C) results in tube line that can not fit at point (D).
3
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Installation
Accurate bending is necessary to achieve the exact angles required for the tube line. If you do not bend accurately, the tube line will not fit (Figure 5).
Figure 5
You must always measure exactly and bend accurately.
2. Tube Centerline Basis for Measurement
The centerline of the tube is the basis for all tube line measurement (Figure 6). Always measure from the centerline except from the first bend which is measured from the end of the tube. On most benders, the edge of the radius block is at the centerline of the tube.
Figure 6
3. You Control Accuracy
Remember only you can control the accuracy of your work. Use good, careful workmanship at all times.
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Tube Bending Checklist
Follow this list to insure good results on each bend.
1. Measure and mark exactly. Insert tube in bender.
2. Always try to bend in the same direction! If you backbend, be sure to compensate for gain or pickup. Remember, gain always occurs to the right side of the tube radius block.
3. Clamp tubing securely in bender.
4. Check to make certain length mark is tangent to desired angle on radius block or in line with the desired degree on the link member.
5. Bend accurately to the desired angle plus springback allowance.
6. Open bender, remove tube.
7. Double check bend angle with triangle.
8. Check measurement length with tape or ruler.
Keep Track of Changes of Plane
Benders bend in only one direction. Changes in plane are accomplished by rotating the tubing in the bender. To insure that the tubing is correctly placed for the desired change in plane, a reference mark on the tube is very helpful.
Bend Direction Mark
One method for keeping track of changes in plane is to use a longitudinal or length­wise bend direction mark (Figure 7). Put the mark on the side opposite the direction in which you wish to bend.
Installation
Figure 7
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Installation
When you put the tube in the bender, center the mark face up in the
groove of the radius block (Figure 8). This will insure that you bend in the correct direction. It also gives you a reference mark in case you must leave your work unfinished.
Figure 8
Marking the Tube
Whenever you make a mark on tubing, use a sharp pencil. Use a ferrule as a guide to make measurement marks all the way around the tube so that the mark is always visible (Figure 9). Don’t use grease pencils or crayons as these make too wide a line which can easily affect accuracy.
Figure 9
Measure and Mark
Never use a sharp tool to scratch marks onto tubing. Scratches create points where corrosion or stress concentration can ruin or dangerously weaken the tube.
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Rules for Positioning Tubing in Bender
A line which is tangent to the desired angle mark on the radius block and which passes through the measurement mark at the centerline of the tube, is used to control the distance between bend centerlines (Figure 10).
Figure 10
Tube Positioning Rules
Installation
90° angles – Tangent flush with length mark (refer to dotted line XY tangent to radius block @ 90°, Figure 10).
Angles less than 90° – Tangent intersects length mark at centerline.
Angles more than 90° – Position for a 90° bend and continue on to desired angle, i.e., 135°, 145° (i.e., length mark @ 90° on link member).
Horseshoe or U-Bends – Measure first leg, position for 90°, bend around to 180°.
7
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Installation
Springback 90° Bend
Figure 11
Rule of Thumb – Springback is approximately 3° for each
90° bend with stainless steel tubing.
Compensate for springback:
1. Test a piece of the material before you start fabricating a line to see how much it springs back on a 90° bend.
2. Overbend by the amount of springback. For example, if the material springs back 3° on a 90° bend, bend to 93° to secure a finished 90° bend, or to 46-1/2° to obtain finished 45° bend. This works especially well with large heavy-wall tubing.
3. Remember, it is always better to underbend slightly. You can always bend a little more if needed, but it’s almost impossible to remove or straighten a bend, especially with large, heavy-wall tubing.
Remember – a tube bender bends – it cannot unbend.
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Tube Stretch or Pickup
When bent, tubing seems to stretch or pick up length. This is because it takes a curved shortcut across the inside of the angle. A good “rule of thumb” for most standard tubing materials and radius blocks is that the tubing will stretch approximately one tube diameter for each 90° bend.
Triangle A-B-C – with Arc “A-C”
Figure 12
The arc “A-C” is shorter than the distance from “A” to “B”, plus “B” to “C”.
Installation
Always try to bend in the same direction – away from the original start­ing end. If you reverse the direction of bending (bending towards instead of away from the original starting end) you will “trap” the stretch. Thus, if you unknowingly make a reverse bend of 90°, you will trap the gain, in
Table 1 (approximately one tube O.D.) and increase your length between
bends by that amount.
If bend direction for either 45° or 90° bend must be reversed, subtract the “gain” amount listed in Table 1.
While our rule of thumb is approximately correct, the amount of stretch is related to the diameter of the radius block used. Table 1 gives the accurate increase in length that occurs with the most commonly used sizes of radius blocks.
As long as you measure and bend with the tube inserted from the left, and measure centerline, “pickup” will not affect your actual center-to­center measurement.
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Installation
Gain – 90° Bend
pR
2R ­ 2
or
.429 R
Table 1
p = 3.1416
R= radius bender
Gain – 45° Bend
8284R ­ 4
or
.043 R
Radius of
Bender
Tube Size
1/8 2 3/8 .16 .02
3/16 3 7/16 .19 .02
1/4 4 9/16 .24 .02
5/16 5 11/16 .30 .03
3/8 6 15/16 .40 .04
1/2 8 1-1/2 .64 .06
5/8 10 1-7/8 .80 .08
3/4 12 2-1/4 .97 .10
7/8 14 2-5/8 1.13 .11
1 16 3 1.29 .13
1-1/4 20 3-3/4 1.61 .16
1-1/2 24 4-1/2 1.93 .19
2 32 *8 3.43 .34
(in inches) Gain 90° Gain 45°
pR
10
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Pre-Measuring
You may pre-measure a series of bends. Measure the first bend from the end of the tube, the correct length. Compensate for each bend after the first by subtracting the amount of gain from your chart for each 90° of bend to allow for stretch (Figure 13). Always custom measure for the last bend.
Example of 1/4" Tubing
Figure 13
“Rule of Thumb” Method
Compensate each measurement after the first by subtracting the gain listed in Table 1.
Best Way to Measure
For maximum accuracy, measure and bend exactly for each individual bend in the tubing line. We recommend the practice of Measure and Bend, Measure and Bend, etc.
Installation
Characteristics of a Well-Made Tubing Circuit
In a well made tubing circuit or line, bends are accurate, measurement exact. The run is plumb, square and level. Tube ends rest firmly in the fittings and entry into the fittings is straight. Straight tube entry is very important to insure that fittings are not under stress and can be assembled without leaks (Figure 14).
Remember too, that length magnifies bend angles errors. If the leg following the bend is fairly long, an error of 1° may result in the tube line missing the desired point completely.
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Installation
Properly Made Tube Circuit
Figure 14
Recommended Free Tubing Lengths
It is important to consider the length of tubing from the end in the fitting body to the beginning of the bend.
Figure 15
Failure to allow for this proper distance can result in improper connections, and leaks.
12
L
Free Length
Tube
O.D.*
of Straight
Tubing*
1/16 0.50 0.38
1/8 0.70 0.52
3/16 0.75 0.56
1/4 0.80 0.61
5/16 0.88 0.66
3/8 0.94 0.69 1/2 1.19 0.94 5/8 1.25 0.98 3/4 1.25 0.98 7/8 1.31 1.05
1 1.50 1.22 1-1/4 1.94 1.61 1-1/2 2.41 1.96
2 3.25 2.65
Table 2
*All dimensions in inches.
Parker Hannifin Corporation
Instrumentation Products Division Huntsville, AL USA http://www.parker.com/ipdus
D
Tube
Insertion
Depth*
Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Common Causes of Imperfect Bends
Figure 16 shows an ideal bend. Bends with little or no flattening are produced when correct equipment and methods are employed; when proper consideration is given to co-relationship of the radius of the bend, material wall thickness and hardness of the tube.
Figure 17 shows a flattened bend, caused by trying to bend too short a radius, or bending smaller diameter tube in larger radius block.
Figure 18 shows a kinked and flattened bend, caused by the tube slipping in the bender, or by using non-annealed tubing. Tubes must be firmly clamped by clamp block to prevent slippage during bending process.
Figure 19 shows a wrinkled bend, sometimes produced when thin wall tube is bent.
Breakage will sometimes occur when mandrel is too far forward in tube, or when too short a radius is attempts with hard tube.
Installation
Figure 16 Good Bend Figure 17 Flattened Bend
Figure 18 Kinked Bend Figure 19 Wrinkled Bend
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
F
L
(A)
(B)
Installation
Offset Bends
To form a tube offset, it is obviously necessary to make two bends. With these Parker hand tube benders, it is easy to make double 45° bends. To make an offset bend simply follow the “Offset Bend Allowance” steps below to determine the proper distance between the two 45° bends. Here’s the procedure.
Figure 20
STEP 1 First, determine the total amount of offset required (dimension “F” in the diagram).
STEP 2 Next, determine the angle of offset – 30° or 45°. The latter (45°) is recommended because Parker hand benders are calibrated for 45° bending.
STEP 3 Figure the length of the tube required to meet your offset require­ments (“L” dimension) in the diagram.
For 30° bends multiply desired offset “F” x 2 = 30° offset dimension “L”. For 45° bends multiply desired offset “F” x 1.414 = 45° offset dimension “L”.
STEP 4 Determine where you want the offset bend of the tube to start; and make a reference mark (A). Now measure off the “L” dimension (determined in Step 3), starting from the reference mark and make a second mark (B). You are now ready to make the bends.
STEP 5 Align mark (A) with reference mark 45° on bender shoe handle (measurement end to the left) and proceed with first bend. Then align (B) with 45° mark and make second bend in proper direction (measure­ment end to the left). Follow previous detailed instructions for making 45° bends in one plane.
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Routing of Bends
Routing of lines is probably the most difficult yet most significant of these system design considerations. Proper routing involves getting a connecting line from one point to another through the most logical path. The most logical path should:
Avoid excessive strain on joints – A strained joint will eventually leak.
Correct Routing Incorrect Routing
Installation
Correct Routing Incorrect Routing
Correct Routing Incorrect Routing
Correct Routing Incorrect Routing
Figure 21
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Installation
Allow for expansion and contraction – Use a “U” bend in long lines to allow
for expansion and contraction.
Figure 22 U-Bend Allowing for Expansion and Contraction
Allow for motion under load – Even some apparently rigid systems do move under load.
Figure 23 Bent Tube Allowing for Motion Under Load
Get around obstructions without using excessive amount of 90° bends.
Pressure drop due to one 90° bend is greater than that due to two 45° bends.
Correct Incorrect
Figure 24
16
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Keep tube lines away from components that require regular maintenance.
Correct Incorrect
Figure 25
Have a neat appearance and allow for easy troubleshooting, maintenance and repair.
Installation
Correct
Figure 26
Incorrect
Tube Clamping
Once you’ve taken the time to make good bends and installed them, it’s not enough to just let them lay suspended in mid-air. When tubing is left unsupported, shock and vibration will cause the tubing to shake, and in turn, cause the fitting to loosen and leak or even allow tube to fall through fatigue.
Tube support and clamping is a necessary requirement in the fluid power industry. Tubing can be clamped individually, in sets, and can also be stacked. The most important part of any clamping system is having enough clamps to attain the final result. That being, a well supported, vibration and noise free system.
Also, most manufacturers specify SAE and JIC approved components on their equipment. The best way to meet these specs concerning clamps is to utilize a clamp that employs both an upper and lower unit made of metal and a rubber split bushing which surrounds the tube or pipe and fits on the inside of the clamping units.
17
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Principles of Tube Line Fabrication
Installation
Parker Hannifin offers a tube clamp support system by the name of
“ParKlamp”. ParKlamp can clamp and support tube from 1/4" to 2" and pipe or hose from 1/4" to 1-1/2". It comes standard in steel and uses a rubber grommet around the tube for vibration dampening.
Standard Series – for outside diameters from 1/4" to 2". Clamp material: Polypropylene
Figure 27
Twin Series –
for equal or unequal outside diameters from 1/4" to 2" Clamp Material: Polypropylene
Below you will find a chart of recommended spacing between clamps. We suggest you clamp as close to each bend of the tube as possible; and you must clamp each side. This eliminates thrust in all directions.
For further information, please refer to Bulletin 4300, Industrial Tube Fittings, Adapters and Equipment.
Equivalent
Tube
O.D.
1/4" – 1/2" 6 – 13 mm 3 ft. 0.9 m 3/8" – 7/8" 14 – 22 mm 4 ft. 1.2 m
1" 23 – 30 mm 5 ft. 1.5 m
1-1/4" & up 31 & up mm 7 ft. 2.1 m
Table 3
Tube (mm)
Foot Spacing
Between
Supports
Spacing in
Meters
(Approx.)
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Instrument Tubing Selection Guide

Overview
1. Always Match Materials – I.E., Stainless steel tubing should be used
only with SS Fittings. The only exception to this rule is copper tubing with brass fittings. Mixing materials can cause galvanic corrosion.
Galvanic Corrosion (Electrochemical)
All metals have a specific relative electrical potential. When dissimilar metals come in contact in the presence of moisture (electrolyte), a low energy electric flows from the metal having the higher potential to the metal having the lower potential. The result of this galvanic action is the corrosion of the metal with the higher potential (more anodic). (See Galvanic Series Chart on page 20.)
2. Select proper tubing hardness – Remember Parker Instrumentation
Tube Fittings are designed to work within specific hardness ranges. Rb 90 max. for S.S., Rb 80 recommended.
3. Select proper tubing wall thickness – Proper wall thickness is neces-
sary to accommodate accepted safety factors relative to desired working pressures. For details on items 2 & 3 note “Instrumentation Tubing Selection Guide” shown below and on the following pages.
Installation
4. Tubing surface finish – Always select tubing free of visible
drawmarks or surface scratches. If possible, cut off any undesirable sections. These “deep” scratches can cause leaks when attempting to seal low-density gases such as argon, nitrogen, or helium.
Instrument Tubing Selection Guide
Parker’s instrument tube fittings have been designed to work in a wide variety of applications that demand the utmost in product performance.
Although Parker’s Instrument tube fittings have been engineered and manufactured to consistently provide this level of reliability, no systems integrity is complete without considering the critical link, tubing.
This booklet is intended to assist the designer to properly select and order quality tubing.
Proper tube selection and installation, we believe, are key ingredients in building leak-free reliable tubing systems.
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Instrument Tubing Selection Guide
+0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 –1.0 –1.2
ZINC
–1.4 –1.6
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
BERYILIUM
ALUMINUM ALLOYS
CADMIUM
LOW ALLOY STEEL
AUSTENITIC NICKEL CAST IRON
ALUMINUM BRONZE
NAVAL BRASS, YELLOW BRASS, RED BRASS
TIN
COPPER
Pb-Sn SOLDER (50/60)
ADMIRALTY BRASS, ALUMINUM BRASS
MANGANESE BRONZE
SILICON BRONZE
MILD STEEL, CAST IRON
TIN BRONZE (G & M)
NICKEL SILVER
90-10 COPPER-NICKEL
80-20 COPPER-NICKEL
70-30 COPPER – NICKEL
NICKEL – ALUMINUM BRONZE
STAINLESS STEEL – TYPE 430
STAINLESS STEEL – TYPE 410, 416
SILVER BRAZE ALLOYS
NICKEL 200
SILVER
MONEL ALLOYS 400, K-500
STAINLESS STEEL – TYPES 316, 317
STAINLESS STEEL – TYPES 302, 304, 321, 347
INCONEL ALLOY 600
CARPENTER 20 Cb 3, HAYNES No. 20, CN-7M
INCOLOY ALLOY B
ILLIUM ALLOY B
TITANIUM
HASTELLOY ALLOY C
PLATINUM
GRAPHITE
Installation
Parker does not recommend the use of dissimilar metals when putting together a tubing/ fitting connection system.
(Cathodic) Galvanic Series Chart (Anodic)
Above represents corrosion potentials of materials in flowing seawater at temperature in the range 10°C – 26°C. The hatched symbols indicate potentials exhibited by stain­less steels in pits or crevices.
Figure 28 Galvanic Series Chart
20
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Instrument Tubing Selection Guide
General Selection Criteria
The most important consideration in the selection of suitable tubing for any application is the compatibility of the tubing material with the media to be contained. Table 4 lists common materials and their associated general application. Table 4 also lists the maximum and minimum operating temperature for the various tubing materials.
In addition, Parker instrument fittings are designed to work on like materials. Stainless steel fittings should be used only with stainless steel tubing, aluminum fittings with aluminum tubing, etc. The practice of mixing materials is strongly discouraged. The only exception is brass fittings with copper tubing.
Dissimilar materials in contact may be susceptible to galvanic corrosion. Further, different materials have different levels of hardness, and can adversely affect the fittings ability to seal on the tubing.
Table 4
Tubing
Material
Stainless Steel (Type 316)
Carbon Steel
Copper
Aluminum
®
Monel
400
®
Hastelloy
Carpenter
Inconel
Titanium
C-276
®
20
®
Alloy 600
High pressure, high temperature, generally corrosive media -425°F to 1,200°F
High pressure, high temperature oil, air, some specialty chemicals
Low temperature, low pressure water, oil, air -40°F to 400°F
Low temperature, low pressure water, oil, air, some specialty chemicals
Recommended for sour gas applications well suited for marine and general chemical processing applications
Excellent corrosion resistance to both oxidizing and reducing media and excellent resistance to localized corrosion attack
Applications requiring resistance to stress corrosion cracking in extreme conditions
Recommended for high temperature applications with generally corrosive media
Resistant to many natural environments such as sea water, body fluids and salt solutions
1. For operating temperatures above 800°F (425°C), consideration should be given to media. 300 Series Stainless Steels are suspectible to carbide precipitation which may lead to intergranular corrosion at elevated temperatures.
2. Consideration should be given to maximum temperature ratings if fittings and/or tubing are coated or plated. All temperature ratings based on temperatures per ASME B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping Code, 1999 Edition.
The information listed in Table 4 is general in scope. For specific applications, please contact Parker’s
Instrumentation Products Division, Product Engineering Department (256) 881-2040.
Note: Hastelloy
®
is a registered trademark of Haynes International. Inconel®, and Monel® are registered
trademarks of Special Metals Corporation. Carpenter® is a registered trademark of CRS Holdings Inc.
General
Application
Recommended
Temperature Range
(-255°C to 605°C)
-20°F to 800°F
(-29°C to 425°C)
(-40°C to 205°C)
-40°F to 400°F
(-40°C to 205°C)
-325°F to 800°F
(-198°C to 425°C)
-325°F to 1000°F
(-198°C to 535°C)
-325°F to 800°F
(-198°C to 425°C)
-205°F to 1200°F
(-130°C to 650°C)
-75°F to 600°F
(-59°C to 315°C)
1
2
Installation
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Instrument Tubing Selection Guide
Installation
Gas Service
Special care must be taken when selecting tubing for gas service. In order to achieve a gas-tight seal, ferrules in instrument fittings must seal any surface imperfections. This is accomplished by the ferrules penetrat­ing the surface of the tubing. Penetration can only be achieved if the tubing provides radial resistance and if the tubing material is softer than the ferrules.
Thick walled tubing helps to provide resistance. Tables 5 through 10 indi­cate the minimum acceptable wall thickness for various materials in gas service. The ratings in white indicate combination of diameter and wall thickness which are suitable for gas service.
Acceptable tubing hardness for general application is listed in Table 12. These values are the maximum allowed by ASTM. For gas service, bet­ter results can be obtained by using tubing well below this maximum hardness. For example, a desirable hardness of 80 Rb is suitable for stainless steel. The maximum allowed by ASTM is 90 Rb.
System Pressure
The system operating pressure is another important factor in determin­ing the type, and more importantly, the size of tubing to be used. In general, high pressure installations require strong materials such as steel or stainless steel. Heavy walled softer tubing such as copper may be used if chemical compatibility exists with the media. However, the higher strength of steel or stainless steel permits the use of thinner tubes without reducing the ultimate rating of the system. In any event, tube fitting assemblies should never be pressurized beyond the recom­mended working pressure.
The following tables (5 through 10) list by material the maximum sug­gested working pressure of various tubing sizes. Acceptable tubing diameters and wall thicknesses are those for which a rating is listed. Combinations, which do not have a pressure rating, are not recommend­ed for use with instrument fittings.
22
Parker Hannifin Corporation
Instrumentation Products Division Huntsville, AL USA http://www.parker.com/ipdus
Instrument Tubing Selection Guide
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure Tables
Ratings in gray not suitable for gas service.
Table 5*
Tube O.D.
0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.020 0.028 0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.120 0.134 0.156 0.188
Size
1/16 5600 6900 8200 9500 12100 16800
1/8 8600 10900
3/16 5500 7000 10300
1/4 4000 5100 7500 10300
5/16 4100 5900 8100
3/8 3300 4800 6600
1/2 2600 3700 5100 6700
5/8 3000 4000 5200 6100
3/4 2400 3300 4300 5000 5800
7/8 2100 2800 3600 4200 4900
1 2400 3200 3700 4200 4700
1-1/4 2500 2900 3300 3700 4100 4900
1-1/2 2400 2700 3000 3400 4000 4500
2 2000 2200 2500 2900 3200
Table 6*
Tube O.D.
0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.020 0.028 0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.120 0.134 0.156 0.188
Size
1/16 4800 5900 7000 8100 10300 14300
1/8 7300 9300
3/16 4700 6000 8700
1/4 3400 4400 6400 8700
5/16 3400 5000 6900
3/8 2800 4100 5600
1/2 2200 3200 4300 5700
5/8 2500 3400 4500 5200
3/4 2100 2800 3700 4200 4900
7/8 1800 2400 3100 3600 4200
1 2100 2700 3100 3600 4000
1-1/4 2100 2400 2800 3100 3500 4200
1-1/2 2000 2300 2600 2900 3400 4200
2 1700 1900 2100 2500 3000
*Notes for Tables 5 through 10:
• Allworkingpressureshavebeencalculatedusingthemaximumallowablestresslevelsinaccordance
with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping or ASME/ANSI B31.1 Power Piping.
• Allcalculationsarebasedonmaximumoutsidediameterandminimumwallthickness.
• Allworkingpressuresareatambient(72°F) temperature.
316 or 304 STAINLESS STEEL (Seamless)
Wall Thickness
316 or 304 STAINLESS STEEL (Welded)
Wall Thickness
Installation
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure Tables are continued on the following page.
23
Parker Hannifin Corporation
Instrumentation Products Division Huntsville, AL USA http://www.parker.com/ipdus
Instrument Tubing Selection Guide
Installation
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure Tables (cont'd)
Ratings in gray not suitable for gas service.
Table 7*
CARBON STEEL (Seamless)
Tube O.D.
0.028 0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.120 0.134 0.148 0.165 0.180
Size
1/8 8100 10300
3/16 5200 6700 9700
1/4 3800 4900 7100 9700
5/16 3800 5500 7700
3/8 3100 4500 6200
1/2 2300 3300 4500 6000
5/8 1800 2600 3500 4600 5400
3/4 2200 2900 3800 4400 5100
7/8 1800 2500 3200 3700 4300
1 1600 2100 2800 3200 3700 4100
1-1/4 1700 2200 2500 2900 3200 3700 3800
1-1/2 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3400 3800 4000
2 1600 1800 2000 2200 2500 2800 3000
Wall Thickness
Table 9*
ALUMINUM (Seamless)
Tube O.D.
Size
1/8 8700
3/16 5600 8100
1/4 4100 5900
5/16 3200 4600
3/8 2600 3800
1/2 1900 2800 3800
5/8 1500 2200 2900
3/4 1800 2400 3200
7/8 1500 2100 2700
1 1300 1800 2300 2700
Wall Thickness
0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095
Table 8*
COPPER (Seamless)
Tube O.D.
.010 .020 .028 .035 .049 .065 .083 .095 .109 .120
Size
1/16 1700 3800 5400
1/8 2800 3600
3/16 1800 2300 3500
1/4 1300 1700 2600 3500
5/16 1300 2000 2800
3/8 1100 1600 2300
1/2 800 1200 1600 2200
5/8 900 1300 1700 2000
3/4 800 1000 1400 1600 1900
7/8 600 900 1100 1300 1600
1 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1500
1-1/8 500 700 900 1000 1200 1300
1-1/4 800 900 1100 1200
1-1/2 650 750 850 950
Wall Thickness
Table 10*
Tube
O.D.
.010 .020 .028 .035 .049 .065 .083 .095 .109 .120
Size
1/16 5500 11800 16300
1/8 8100 10400
3/16 5100 6600 9600
1/4 3800 4800 7000 9600
5/16 3800 5500 7500
3/8 3100 4500 6100
1/2 2300 3300 4500 5900
5/8 2700 3700 4900 5600
3/4 2300 3100 4000 4600 5400
1 2300 2900 3400 3900 4400
MONEL 400 (Seamless)
Wall Thickness
*Notes for Tables 5 through 10:
• Allworkingpressureshavebeencalculatedusingthemaximumallowablestresslevelsinaccordance
with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping or ASME/ANSI B31.1 Power Piping.
• Allcalculationsarebasedonmaximumoutsidediameterandminimumwallthickness.
• Allworkingpressuresareatambient(72°F) temperature.
24
Parker Hannifin Corporation
Instrumentation Products Division Huntsville, AL USA http://www.parker.com/ipdus
Instrument Tubing Selection Guide
System Temperature
Operating temperature is another factor in determining the proper tubing material. Copper and aluminum tubing are suitable for low temperature media. Stainless steel and carbon steel tubing are suitable for higher temperature media. Special alloys such as Alloy 600 are recommended for extremely high temperatures (see Table 4). Table 11 lists derating factors which should be applied to the working pressures listed in Tables 5 through 10 for elevated temperature conditions. Simply locate the cor­rect factor in Table 11 and multiply this by the appropriate value in Tables 5 through 10 for elevated temperature working pressure.
Table 11 – Temperature Derating Factors
Temperature
Copper Aluminum
100 (38) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 200 (93) .80 1.00 1.00 1.00 .96 .88 300 (149) .78 .81 1.00 1.00 .90 .82 400 (204) .50 .40 .97 .94 .86 .79 500 (260) .90 .88 .82 .79 600 (316) .85 .82 .77 .79 700 (371) .82 .80 .73 .79 800 (427) .80 .76 .59 .76
900 (486) .78 .73 .43 1000 (538) .77 .69 1100 (593) .62 .49
1200 (649) .37 .30
EXAMPLE: 1/2" x .49 wall seamless 316 stainless steel tubing has a working pressure of 3700 psi @ room temperature. If the system were to operate @ 800°F (425°C), a factor of 80% or (.80) would apply (see Table 11 above) and the “at temperature” system pressure would be 3700 PSI x .80 = 2960 PSI.
316
SS
304
SS Steel
Monel
400°F (°C)
Installation
25
Parker Hannifin Corporation
Instrumentation Products Division Huntsville, AL USA http://www.parker.com/ipdus
Instrument Tubing Selection Guide
Installation
Tubing Ordering Guidelines
Tubing for use with Parker instrument fittings must be carefully ordered to insure adequate quality for good performance. Each purchase order must specify the material nominal outside diameter, and wall thick­ness. Ordering to ASTM specifications insures that the tubing will be dimensionally, physically, and chemically within strict limits. Also, more stringent requirements may be added by the user. All tubing should be ordered free of scratches and suitable for bending.
A purchase order meeting the above criteria would read as follows: “1/2 x .049 316 stainless steel, seamless, or welded and redrawn per ASTM A-249. Fully annealed, 80 Rb or less. Must be suitable for bending; surface scratches, and imperfections (incomplete weld seams) are not permissible.”
Table 12 lists specific ordering information for each material.
Table 12
Material Type
Stainless Steel 304, 316, 316L
Copper K or L
Carbon Steel 1010
Aluminum Alloy 6061 ASTM B-210 T6 Temper 56 Rb
®
400 400 ASTM B-165 Fully Annealed 75 Rb
Monel
Hastelloy C-276
Inconel® Alloy 600
Carpenter
Titanium
*B88 Copper Tube to be ordered non-engraved
Note: Hastelloy trademarks of Special Metals Corporation. Carpenter
®
C-276 ASTM-B-622, B-626 Fully Annealed 90 Rb
600 ASTM B-167 Fully Annealed 90 Rb
®
20 20CB-3 ASTM B-468 Fully Annealed 90 Rb
Commercially Pure Grade 2
®
is a registered trademark of Haynes International. Inconel®, and Monel® are registered
ASTM
Tubing Spec. Condition
ASTM-A-269, A-249, A-213, A632
ASTM-B75 B68, B88 (K or L)*
SAE-J524b, J525b ASTM-A-179
ASTM B-338 Fully Annealed
®
is a registered trademark of CRS Holdings Inc.
Fully Annealed 90 Rb
Soft Annealed Temper 0
Fully Annealed 72 Rb
Recommended
Hardness
60 Max. Rockwell 15T
99 Rb 200 Brinell Typical
Max.
26
Parker Hannifin Corporation
Instrumentation Products Division Huntsville, AL USA http://www.parker.com/ipdus
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