Panasonic AQUAREA User Manual
2014
Order-Nr. A2W-SPX-140519-016
Aquarea Air / Water-heatpump – heating and cooling systems
DESIGN HANDBOOK
for Bi-Bloc and Monobloc systems
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Series Units Hydromodule
(Indoor unit
Bi-Bloc)
Outdoor unit
(Bi-Bloc or
Monobloc)
Operating mode Nominal
heating
capacity kW
Capacity of
additional elec-
tric heater kW
Single or
Three phase
Aquarea LT
WH-SDF03E3E5* WH-UD03EE5 Heating 3 3 single phase
WH-SDC03E3E5* WH-UD03EE5 Heating + cooling 3 3 single phase
WH-SDF05E3E5* WH-UD05EE5 Heating 5 3 single phase
WH-SDC05E3E5* WH-UD05EE5 Heating + cooling 5 3 single phase
WH-SDC07F3E5* WH-UD07FE5 Heating + cooling 7 3 single phase
WH-SDC09F3E5* WH-UD09FE5 Heating + cooling 9 3 single phase
WH-SDC09F3E8* WH-UD09FE8 Heating + cooling 9 3 three phase
WH-SDC12F6E5* WH-UD12FE5 Heating + cooling 12 6 single phase
WH-SDC12F9E8* WH-UD12FE8 Heating + cooling 12 9 three phase
WH-SDC14F6E5* WH-UD14FE5 Heating + cooling 14 6 single phase
WH-SDC14F9E8* WH-UD14FE8 Heating + cooling 14 9 three phase
WH-SDC16F6E5* WH-UD16FE5 Heating + cooling 16 6 single phase
WH-SDC16F9E8* WH-UD16FE8 Heating + cooling 16 9 three phase
WH-MDC05F3E5* Heating + cooling 5 3 single phase
WH-MDF06E3E5* Heating 6 3 single phase
WH-MDF09E3E5* Heating 9 3 single phase
WH-MDC09E3E5* Heating + cooling 9 3 single phase
WH-MDF09C3E8 Heating 9 3 three phase
WH-MDC09C3E8 Heating + cooling 9 3 three phase
WH-MDF12C6E5 Heating 12 6 single phase
WH-MDC12C6E5 Heating + cooling 12 6 single phase
WH-MDF12C9E8 Heating 12 9 three phase
WH-MDC12C9E8 Heating + cooling 12 9 three phase
WH-MDF14C6E5 Heating 14 6 single phase
WH-MDC14C6E5 Heating + cooling 14 6 single phase
WH-MDF14C9E8 Heating 14 9 three phase
WH-MDC14C9E8 Heating + cooling 14 9 three phase
WH-MDF16C6E5 Heating 16 6 single phase
WH-MDC16C6E5 Heating + cooling 16 6 single phase
WH-MDF16C9E8 Heating 16 9 three phase
WH-MDC16C9E8 Heating + cooling 16 9 three phase
* Devices have a high efciency pump and full the criteria of the Ecodesign Directive valid from 2015 for energy-related products (ErP)
Overview of units
3
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Series Units Hydromodule
(Indoor unit
Bi-Bloc)
Outdoor unit
(Bi-Bloc or
Monobloc)
Operating mode Nominal
heating
capacity kW
Capacity of
additional elec-
tric heater kW
Single or
Three phase
Aquarea
T-CAP
WH-SXC09F3E5* WH-UX09FE5 Heating + cooling 9 3 single phase
WH-SXC09F3E8* WH-UX09FE8 Heating + cooling 9 3 three phase
WH-SXC12F6E5* WH-UX12FE5 Heating + cooling 12 6 single phase
WH-SXC12F9E8* WH-UX12FE8 Heating + cooling 12 9 three phase
WH-SXC16F9E8* WH-UX16FE8 Heating + cooling 16 9 three phase
WH-MXF09D3E5 Heating 9 3 single phase
WH-MXC09D3E5 Heating + cooling 9 3 single phase
WH-MXF09D3E8 Heating 9 3 three phase
WH-MXC09D3E8 Heating + cooling 9 3 three phase
WH-MXF12D6E5 Heating 12 6 single phase
WH-MXC12D6E5 Heating + cooling 12 6 single phase
WH-MXF12D9E8 Heating 12 9 three phase
WH-MXC12D9E8 Heating + cooling 12 9 three phase
Aquarea
HT
WH-SHF09F3E5* WH-UH09FE5 Heating 9 3 single phase
WH-SHF09F3E8* WH-UH09FE8 Heating 9 3 three phase
WH-SHF12F6E5* WH-UH12FE5 Heating 12 6 single phase
WH-SHF12F9E8* WH-UH12FE8 Heating 12 9 three phase
WH-MHF09D3E5 Heating 9 3 single phase
WH-MHF09D3E8 Heating 9 3 three phase
WH-MHF12D6E5 Heating 12 6 single phase
WH-MHF12D9E8 Heating 12 9 three phase
Overview of all available models and their properties (for explanation of unit names, refer to the “Systematics” section)
4
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Series Units Hydromodule
(Indoor unit
Bi-Bloc)
Outdoor unit
(Bi-Bloc or
Monobloc)
Operating mode Nominal
heating
capacity kW
Capacity of
additional elec-
tric heater kW
Single or
Three phase
Aquarea LT
WH-SDF07C3E5 WH-UD07CE5 Heating 7 3 single phase
WH-SDC07C3E5 WH-UD07CE5 Heating + cooling 7 3 single phase
WH-SDF09C3E5 WH-UD09CE5 Heating 9 3 single phase
WH-SDC09C3E5 WH-UD09CE5 Heating + cooling 9 3 single phase
WH-SDF09C3E8 WH-UD09CE8 Heating 9 3 three phase
WH-SDC09C3E8 WH-UD09CE8 Heating + cooling 9 3 three phase
WH-SDF12C6E5 WH-UD12CE5 Heating 12 6 single phase
WH-SDC12C6E5 WH-UD12CE5 Heating + cooling 12 6 single phase
WH-SDF12C9E8 WH-UD12CE8 Heating 12 9 three phase
WH-SDC12C9E8 WH-UD12CE8 Heating + cooling 12 9 three phase
WH-SDF14C6E5 WH-UD14CE5 Heating 14 6 single phase
WH-SDC14C6E5 WH-UD14CE5 Heating + cooling 14 6 single phase
WH-SDF14C9E8 WH-UD14CE8 Heating 14 9 three phase
WH-SDC14C9E8 WH-UD14CE8 Heating + cooling 14 9 three phase
WH-SDF16C6E5 WH-UD16CE5 Heating 16 6 single phase
WH-SDC16C6E5 WH-UD16CE5 Heating + cooling 16 6 single phase
WH-SDF16C9E8 WH-UD16CE8 Heating 16 9 three phase
WH-SDC16C9E8 WH-UD16CE8 Heating + cooling 16 9 three phase
* Devices have a high efciency circulating pump and full the criteria of the Ecodesign Directive valid from 2015 for energy-related products (ErP)
Overview of units
Phase-out models C,D & E series
5
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Series Units Hydromodule
(Indoor unit
Bi-Bloc)
Outdoor unit
(Bi-Bloc or
Monobloc)
Operating mode Nominal
heating
capacity kW
Capacity of
additional elec-
tric heater kW
Single or
Three phase
Aquarea
T-CAP
WH-SXF09D3E5 WH-UX09DE5 Heating 9 3 single phase
WH-SXC09D3E5 WH-UX09DE5 Heating + cooling 9 3 single phase
WH-SXF09D3E8* WH-UX09DE8 Heating 9 3 three phase
WH-SXC09D3E8 WH-UX09DE8 Heating + cooling 9 3 three phase
WH-SXF12D6E5 WH-UX12DE5 Heating 12 6 single phase
WH-SXC12D6E5 WH-UX12DE5 Heating + cooling 12 6 single phase
WH-SXF12D9E8* WH-UX12DE8 Heating 12 9 three phase
WH-SXC12D9E8 WH-UX12DE8 Heating + cooling 12 9 three phase
Aquarea
HT
WH-SHF09D3E5 WH-UH09DE5 Heating 9 3 single phase
WH-SHF09D3E8 WH-UH09DE8 Heating 9 3 three phase
WH-SHF12D6E5 WH-UH12DE5 Heating 12 6 single phase
WH-SHF12D9E8 WH-UH12DE8 Heating 12 9 three phase
Overview of all available models and their properties (for explanation of unit names, refer to the “Systematics” section)
Phase-out models C,D & E series
6
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Table of contents
1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 8
1.1 Operating principles of the air / water heat pump
...................................................... 8
1.2 Coefcient of Performance and performance factor
................................................... 9
1.3 Economical and environmentally friendly
............................................................... 10
2 Heat pump system
............................................................................................... 12
2.1 Heat source
.................................................................................................. 12
2.2 Heat pump
.................................................................................................... 13
2.2.1 Function and properties
.......................................................................... 13
2.2.2 Operating mode
................................................................................... 13
2.3 Heat utilisation
............................................................................................... 14
2.3.1 Heating
.............................................................................................. 14
2.3.2 Water heating
...................................................................................... 15
2.3.3 Cooling
.............................................................................................. 16
2.4 Systematics and overview
................................................................................. 17
2.4.1 Systematics
........................................................................................ 17
Hydromodule
....................................................................................... 17
Outdoor unit
........................................................................................ 18
Monobloc unit
...................................................................................... 18
2.4.2 Overview
............................................................................................ 19
Series
................................................................................................ 20
Bi-Bloc and Monobloc system
.................................................................. 21
3 Products, functions and technical data
..................................................................... 22
3.1 Bi-Bloc system
............................................................................................... 22
3.1.1 Product features
................................................................................... 22
Hydromodule
....................................................................................... 24
Outdoor unit
........................................................................................ 27
Technical data
...................................................................................... 30
3.2 Monobloc system
........................................................................................... 38
3.2.1 Monobloc unit
...................................................................................... 40
Technical data
...................................................................................... 42
3.3 Accessories
.................................................................................................. 44
3.3.1 Hot water tank
..................................................................................... 44
3.3.2 Extras
................................................................................................ 53
4 Closed-loop control
.............................................................................................. 54
4.1 Design
........................................................................................................ 54
4.2 Functions
..................................................................................................... 54
4.2.1 Basic functions
..................................................................................... 54
4.2.2 Further functions
.................................................................................. 57
4.2.3 Safety functions
.................................................................................... 58
4.3 Extensions and external interfaces
...................................................................... 58
4.3.1 External room thermostat
........................................................................ 58
4.3.2 Deactivation of heating circuits in cooling mode
............................................. 59
4.3.3 External control of the Aquarea heat pump
................................................... 59
4.3.4 External solar thermal installation
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.3.5 Aquarea Heat Pump Manager
.................................................................. 61
4.3.6 “Smart Grid” function via the Heat Pump Manager
......................................... 63
7
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
5 Project Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.1 Design steps
................................................................................................. 66
5.2 Panasonic Aquarea Designer
............................................................................. 66
5.3 Establishing the heating load and outside design temperature
..................................... 67
5.4 Sizing the Hot Water Cylinder
............................................................................ 69
5.5 Establishing the heat emitter temperatures
............................................................ 71
5.6 Operating mode and bivalence point
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
5.7 Heat pump selection
........................................................................................ 73
5.7.1 General criteria
.................................................................................... 73
5.7.2 What capacity is needed?
....................................................................... 73
5.8 Planning of installation room
.............................................................................. 76
5.8.1 Room volume for bi-bloc system
............................................................... 77
5.8.2 Assembly conditions and minimum distances from hydromodule
........................ 77
5.9 Planning heat source – air
................................................................................. 79
5.9.1 Bi-Bloc system
..................................................................................... 79
Capacity decrease in long refrigerant pipe runs
............................................. 80
Assembly conditions and minimum distances around outdoor unit
...................... 80
Fastening of the outdoor unit
.................................................................... 81
5.9.2 Monobloc system
.................................................................................. 82
Assembly conditions and minimum distances from monobloc unit
....................... 83
Fastening of the monobloc unit
................................................................. 84
5.10 Acoustics
..................................................................................................... 85
5.10.1 Sound pressure level
............................................................................. 85
5.10.2 Sound power levels for estimation of sound pressure level
............................... 86
5.11 Cooling
........................................................................................................ 89
5.11.1 Cooling with underoor heating
................................................................. 89
5.11.2 Cooling with fan convectors
..................................................................... 89
5.12 Electrical connection
........................................................................................ 90
5.12.1 Power supply
....................................................................................... 90
5.12.2 Connections to the inputs and outputs
........................................................ 93
5.12.3 DNO and tariffs
.................................................................................... 94
5.13 Hydraulics
.................................................................................................... 94
5.13.1 Hydraulic integration
.............................................................................. 94
Hydraulic decoupling for standard pumps and high-efciency pumps
without differential pressure control
............................................................ 95
Hydraulic decoupling for high-efciency pumps with differential pressure control
...... 95
Inline/Strainer lter
................................................................................ 96
Magnetic Particle Filter
........................................................................... 96
System volume
.................................................................................... 96
5.13.2 Pumping height and pipe network resistance
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
5.13.3 Pumping height
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
5.13.4 Hydraulic balancing
............................................................................. 101
5.13.5 Special behaviour when cooling
.............................................................. 101
5.13.6 Expansion vessel
................................................................................ 102
5.13.7 Heating water quality
........................................................................... 103
5.13.8 Use of buffer tanks
.............................................................................. 103
6 Examples
......................................................................................................... 104
6.1 Legend
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Examples 1 to 10
.......................................................................................... 105 – 114
7 Appendix
.......................................................................................................... 115
8
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Introduction
Operating principles of the air / water heat pump
1 Heat energy content
in ambient air (Evaporator)
2 Electrical input
3 Available heat energy
(Condenser)
4 Compressor
5 Expansion valve
For comfortable living to be achieved, room temperatures should be
slightly above 20 °C. This temperature deviates only slightly from the
outside temperature during most of the year.
In contrast to heating systems that utilise a boiler, which generates temperatures of several hundred degrees during the combustion process, a
heat pump generates only the temperature that is needed. In doing so, the
Aquarea air / water heat pump utilises the heat energy in the surrounding
air to heat buildings and provide hot water. In other words, the system
utilises the freely available environmental air. Electricity is needed only to
operate the compressor, electronics, pumps and to operate the
additional
electric heater in the event of extremely low outside temperatures.
Operating principles of an air / water heat pump
1 Introduction
1.1 Operating principles of the air / water heat pump
3
5
4
2
1
9
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Introduction
Coefcient of Performance and performance factor
Ambient heat is brought up to a higher temperature level in a cyclical
process. To do this, an environmentally compatible refrigerant undergoes
four steps:
• The refrigerant boils inside the evaporator where it is transformed
from a liquid into the gas state. During this step, heat is extracted
from the surrounding air (gure 1 on the previous page).
• Inside the compressor the pressure of the gaseous refrigerant is
greatly increased. The temperature increases accordingly. This step
occurs with the supply of electric energy (gure 2 on the previous
page).
• In the condenser, the gaseous refrigerant condenses and dissipates
the latent heat of condensation to the heating water, whereby it cools
down at the same time (gure 3 on the previous page).
• The pressure of the liquid coolant drops suddenly when it passes
through the expansion valve, causing its temperature to drop heavily
and thus allowing it to once more absorb heat from the ambient environment (gure 5 on the previous page).
This process is a continuous cycle and can be controlled by the
inverter-plus technology of the Aquarea heat pump so that the current
heat re quirement is catered for.
Reversing the cycle process causes the unit to act like a refrigerator.
This allows Aquarea heat pumps to be used also for air conditioning.
The Coefcient of Performance (COP) of a heat pump is dened as the
ratio of heat power output to the electrical power input and says something about the efciency of the heat pump at a certain moment.
Depending upon the outside temperature and the temperature of the
generated heat, the COP of heat pumps will differ. It is generally the
case that the coefcient of performance decreases in proportion with
an increasing temperature difference between the outside temperature
and the temperature of the heat generated. A comparison of the efciency
of different heat pumps is only possible at the same temperatures.
COPs for air / water heat pumps are normally measured at the following
temperatures:
Outside temperature Output ow temperature
A-15 W35
A-7 W35
A7 W35
A2 W55
(A stands for Air, W stands for Water)
1.2 Coefcient of Performance and performance factor
10
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Introduction
Economical and environmentally friendly
Example Coefcient of performance = 5.08 (A7 / W35)
For an outside temperature of 7 °C the air / water heat pump produces
hot water at 35 °C at a COP of 5.08. Thus, 5.08 kilowatt-hours of heat
energy can be generated from one kilowatt-hour of electrical energy.
Performance factor is more meaningful than the COP, which represents
the ratio of heat energy output to the electrical energy input over a certain period. The seasonal performance factor (SPF) is the ratio of heat
energy output to the electrical enegy input over a one year period. It is
obtained from heat and electricity meters and includes all aspects of the
heat pump system.
Similar to the coefcient of performance for the heating operation, the
coefcient of performance for the cooling operation is dened as the
ratio of heat power removed to the electrical power input. In contrast to
COP, it is abbreviated with EER = energy efciency ratio.
More than 75 % of energy use in the household is used for heating and
hot water. At the same time fuel prices (oil, gas, wood pellets) are subject to strong price uctuations and are becoming increasingly more
expensive.
In contrast, an Aquarea heat pump utilises up to 80 % free ambient heat
can be used. Electrical energy must be used only for the remaining 20 %
of the heat pump operation. In comparison with a direct electric heater,
the amount of electrical energy used for the same heat production is
reduced down to a quarter.
In comparison with fossil fuel based heating systems, the dependence
on oil price and risky energy imports is therefore reduced. In addition,
the share of renewable energy in electricity production today is already
about 25 % in the UK and expected to rise. Besides the ambient heat,
the electric energy used for heat pumps is increasingly derived from
renewable energy sources.
Besides low electricity use, a yearly oil or gas service is no longer required. Additionally, the investment costs for an Aquarea air / water heat
pump are proportionally lower in comparison to other heating systems
with natural gas connection, chimney, oil tank or boreholes.
Aquarea heat pumps can optionally be operated also with cooling
function and supplemented with a solar system. This allows comfort
and efciency to be increased further.
1.3 Economical and environmentally friendly
11
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Introduction
Economical and environmentally friendly
Air to water heat pump heating installations can receive nancial support
via the UK Domestic Renewable Heat Incentive (dRHI) and the non-domestic RHI. Current tariff rates can be found at www.ofgem.gov.uk. For
equipment of less than 45 kW, it is also a requirement of these schemes
that both equipment and installer be accredited with the Microgeneration
Certication Scheme (MCS) – www.microgenerationcertication.org
Comparison of power consumption of an Aquarea heat pump to a direct electric heater
for the same electricity input
80 %
20
%
12
1 Aquarea heat pump 2 Conventional electric heating
Note Panasonic offers a free program for sizing heat pumps with which the
seasonal performance factor can be calculated according to VDI 4650,
the Aquarea Designer (see the “Panasonic Aquarea Designer” section
in the planning chapter).
Please see www.microgenerationcertication.org for details of how to
apply for MCS accreditation.
1 kW
5.08 kW
1 kW
1 kW
outputinput
12
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Heat pump system
Heat source
Smooth and efcient operation of the heat pump system requires careful design and
consideration of all aspects of the system from the heat source up to the heat utilisation.
Air as a heat source is available everywhere and can be utilised without
limit by means of an air-heat exchanger in combination with fans at very
low expense. However, the outside temperature uctuates signicantly in
the course of the year and is inversely proportional to the heat requirement.
This means that the most heat must be generated when the heat source
is at its coldest state. This must be accounted for during the planning
phase so that the required internal temperatures are always achieved.
Likewise the noise of the fans and air ow must be considered by ensuring minimum distances from neighbouring plots as well as by selecting a
suitable installation location.
2 Heat pump system
1 2 3
1 Heat source
ambient air
2 Heat pump
Bi-Bloc or Monobloc unit
3 Heat utilisation
Water heating
Heating
Cooling
2.1 Heat source
13
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Heat pump system
Heat pump
Function and properties, operating mode
The heat pump as the core piece of the heat pump system was developed
by Panasonic in three different series. In this manner, individual requirements for the heat supply of buildings should be considered with each
series’ properties in mind:
Ideal for low-temperature heat emitters or underoor heating systems;
also for radiators.
For high temperature radiators (e.g. radiators in the refurbishment context), Aquarea HT can supply a water temperature of 65 °C without assistance even at outside temperatures of -15 °C.
For applications at which the kW output capacity should be kept constant
even at outside temperatures of -7 or -15 °C. It is ensured that even
under extremely low outside temperatures sufcient capacity is always
at disposal for heating the house without assistance from other heat
generators.
With the exception of the HT series, all models are available with cooling
mode. Furthermore, Aquarea heat pumps are available in 2 version:
Monobloc (the whole unit outdoors) or Bi-Bloc (indoor and outdoor unit)
(for details see the chapter 3).
It is generally true that the larger the difference between outside temperature and the temperature of the generated heat, the lower the performance factor of the heat pump. Since high temperature differences occur extremely rarely with correctly designed heat pump systems in the
course of the year, temporary heating with an additional electric heater is
often accepted. Alternatively to an additional electric heater, it is possible
to work with an alternative heat generator like a condensing boiler or a
stove with a back boiler. The four different operating modes are:
1. Monovalent operating mode
Heat pump serves as the sole heat generator.
2. Mono-energetic operating mode
Electricity is used to operate a heat pump and additional electrical
heater (electric heat pump + additional electric heater for peak load).
3. Bivalent alternative operating mode
A second heat generator supplies the property using a further energy
source, under certain conditions (e.g. stove with back boiler instead of
heat pump for outside temperatures < -5 °C).
2.2 Heat pump
2.2.1 Function
and properties
Aquarea LT
Aquarea HT
Aquarea T-CAP
2.2.2 Operating mode
Supply
temperature
65ºC
AQUAREA HT
HIGH TEMPERATURE HEAT PUMP
High COP
5,08
AQUAREA LT
LOW TEMPERATURE HEAT PUMP
100 %
Output
up to -15°C
AQUAREA T-CAP
TOTAL CAPACITY HEAT PUMP
14
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Heat pump system
Heat utilisation
Heating
2.3 Heat utilisation
2.3.1 Heating
4. Bivalent parallel operating mode
Besides the heat pump, a second heat generator is used using a further
energy source. Both heat generators are operated simultaneously
(e.g. heat pump + condensing boiler for outside temperatures < 0 °C).
In contrast to heat generators such as boilers that produce water supply
temperatures of over 80 °C, the maximum water supply temperature of
the Aquarea heat pump is limited at 55 °C or 65 °C for Aquarea HT. This
must be accounted for during the designing of heat emitter circuits.
Underoor heating is ideal with a heat pump as the oor is a large emitter area and therefore you can use a low temperature to heat the room.
Fan convectors have the advantage of good heat dissipation to the indoor
air and are easily controllable, with the advantage of using a lower temperature than standard radiators to heat the room. At the same time they
can be used for either heating or cooling operation.
When radiators are used, they should be planned likewise with a low
design temperature of e.g. 45 °C in order to ensure a high efciency of
the heat pump system. An additional electric heater of 3 to 9 kW caters
for sustained heating comfort even under very low outside temperatures,
due to the mono-energetic mode. A bivalent operation in combination
with an external heater is a possible alternative.
The Aquarea heat pump is provided with an outside temperature
dependent control of the supply water temperature and can activate
a heating circuit in connection with a room thermostat. The control
of further heating circuits can occur via an additional heating circuit
controller or an overriding system controller on site.
Note When the heat pump is operated in connection with an additional
electric heater in mono-energetic mode, the additional electric heater
should cover a maximum of 15 % of the heat requirement.
If your system must comply with the UK Microgeneration Certication
Scheme’s MIS 3005 document, an additional electric heater should be
only designed to operate for space heating for the coldest 1 % of the year.
Note To comply with UK subsidy requirments for sub-45 kW appliances,
the document “Heat Emitter Guide” should also be consulted:
www.microgenerationcertication.org
15
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Heat pump system
Heat utilisation
Water heating
2.3.2 Water heating The Aquarea heat pump has a water heating operation integrated within
the control system. Upon demand, the water heating operation is
switched on and heats the hot water tank via a 3-way directional valve.
Since the required temperature for water heating in general lies above
the temperature of the heating operation over the year, the coefcient of
performance (COP) is low in the water heating mode in comparison to
the heating mode. For efciency reasons, the hot water storage temperature is therefore set below 60 °C. A hot water temperature of 45 to 50 °C
is sufcient for normal applications and is not at all connected with
reduced comfort. However with lower stored temperatures, attention
must be paid to the danger of legionella which especially thrive within
the range 30 to 45 °C.
The Panasonic hot water cyinders are equipped with an electric immersion
heater which can be activated for legionella control, on a periodic timer
basis.
Aquarea heat pumps can be combined easily with solar thermal installations, which can largely take over water heating in the summer months.
Note The requirments for the control of legionella propagation in the work-
place are described in HSE guide L8
Attention When using the Panasonic hot water tank, the quality of water must
comply with the potable water directive 98/83/EC. When the chloride
and sulphate content exceeds 250 mg / l, water treatment is required.
For values above 250 mg / l the guarantee expires.
Water regulations must be considered at all times when installing an
Aquarea heat pump.
16
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Heat pump system
Heat utilisation
Cooling
2.3.3 Cooling Depending on the product series, the cooling mode can be manually
switched via the control panel/remote control or is automatically
switched at dened temperature points. Depending on the product
series, switching over to heating mode occurs manually at the end of
the cooling period or automatically at the dened temperature thresholds.
Room cooling is possible by means of radiant panels such as underoor,
wall or ceiling cooling systems or particularly via fan convectors. Individual
heating circuits that are not suitable for the cooling operation can be
deactivated by a control system via a 2-way directional valve. For all
transfer systems, it is possible for the temperature to fall below the dew
point, which can result in condensation in the cooling mode, with high
relative humidity. This must be ruled out particularly with radiant panels,
via a dew-point sensor, the supply water temperature must be raised
through mixing with the return ow, or the cooling mode must be switched
off in an emergency. Fan convectors can be operated with much lower
supply water temperatures in comparison to radiant panels in the cooling
mode and therefore have greater cooling capacities. However, fan convectors for the cooling mode must always be provided with a condensate
drain and piping with closed-cell insulation.
Attention In the cooling mode, condensation of moisture in the air can occur on
the surface of the heat transfer systems when the temperature falls
below the dew point. This can lead to damage to the building or to the
danger of slipping on oor surfaces.
The temperature falling below the dew point must therefore be avoided
by means of suitably placed dew point sensors or the condensate
occurring must be drained safely. The affected piping must be insulated
fully against this condensation risk.
17
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Heat pump system
Systematics and overview
Systematics
2.4 Systematics and overview
Example
For easy and clear categorisation of different Aquarea models, a key is
used, from which the models with their respective specic properties and
functions can be read.
The WH-MDC05F3E5 is a compact heat pump unit (M), in the LT series
(D), with a cooling function (C), a rated power of 5 kW (05), of the
generation F (F), for the European market (E), with a single-phase
voltage supply (5).
2.4.1 Systematics
WH - S D C 07 F 3 E 5
Systematics
of hyrdomodule
(Indoore unit Bi-Bloc)
WH: air / water
heat pump
S: Split unit
D: Aquarea LT,
X: Aquarea T-CAP, H: Aquarea HT
F: Only heating, C: Heating and cooling
2
Nominal heating capacity (03 to 16: 3 to 16 kW 1)
C, D, E, F: Generation
Capacity of the additional electric heater (3: 3 kW, 6: 6 kW, 9: 9 kW)
Market (E: Europe)
Electricity supply (5: single phase, 8: three phase)
1
The available power classes differ depending on the respective series.
The table at the start of the document provides an overview of the power classes
for each individual series.
2
The units of the Aquarea HT series can only be used for heating mode and do not have
a cooling mode.
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Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Heat pump system
Systematics and overview
Systematics
WH - M D C 09 F 3 E 5
WH - U D 07 F E 5
WH: Air / water
heat pump
M: Monobloc unit
D: Aquarea LT,
X: Aquarea T-CAP, H: Aquarea HT
F: Only heating, C: Heating and cooling
2
Nominal heating capacity (05 bis 16: 3 bis 16 kW 1)
C, D, E, F: Generation
Capacity of the additional electric heater (3: 3 kW, 6: 6 kW, 9: 9 kW)
Market (E: Europe)
Electricity supply (5: single phase, 8: three phase)
WH: Air / water heat pump
U: Split unit
D: Aquarea LT,
X: Aquarea T-CAP
1
, H: Aquarea HT
Nominal heating capacity (03 to 16: 3 to 16 kW
1
)
C, D, E, F: Generation
Market (E: Europe)
Voltage supply (5: single phase, 8: three phase)
Systematics
of outdoor unit (Bi-Bloc)
Systematics
of monobloc unit
1
The available power classes differ depending on the respective series.
The table at the start of the document provides an overview of the power classes
for each individual series.
2
The units of the Aquarea HT series can only be used for heating mode and do not have
a cooling mode.
19
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Heat pump system
Systematics and overview
Overview
2.4.2 Overview The Aquarea heat pump system has three different series which are
again available in several model variants. This allows the best possible
consideration of the individual heating requirements and climate control
requirements of buildings with Aquarea heat pumps.
Monobloc system
• Heating and cooling or heating
• Nominal heating capacity (3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12, 14 or 16 kW)
• Capacity of additional electric heater (3, 6 or 9 kW)
• Electric connection (single phase or three phase)
Overview of series and model variants
Aquarea LT Aquarea T-CAP
Aquarea HT
Bi-Bloc system
The variety of properties and functions of the Aquarea heat pumps
leads
to a large number of different model variants, which often only differ from
one another through small differences like the capacity of the additional
electric heater. Externally viewed, the units are nearly similar apart from
distinctive differences like the monobloc or bi-bloc system and they can
therefore be described together with regard to many properties. Relevant
differences are pinpointed at an appropriate point.
Supply
temperature
65ºC
AQUAREA HT
HIGH TEMPERATURE HEAT PUMP
High COP
5,08
AQUAREA LT
LOW TEMPERATURE HEAT PUMP
100 %
Output
up to -15°C
AQUAREA T-CAP
TOTAL CAPACITY HEAT PUMP
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Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Heat pump system
Systematics and overview
Overview
The Aquarea heat pump models are congured so that a suitable model
is available for all typical applications. All models are listed with their
properties and functions in the table at the beginning of the Design
Handbook.
As shown in the overview tables the available systems differ externally,
especially between the monobloc systems and bi-bloc systems, and the
units are equipped with one or two fans depending on the rated power.
Series
Aquarea LT
Aquarea T-CAP
Aquarea HT
The Aquarea series differ through their maximum supply water
temperature and capacity stability at very low outside temperatures
as follows:
Maximum supply water temperature: 55 °C
Capacity at very low outside temperatures: kW heating capacity varies
Maximum supply water temperature: 55 °C
Capacity at very low outside temperatures: Heating capacity is
constant up to -15 °C
at 35 °C output water
temperature
Maximum supply water temperature: 65 °C
Capacity at very low outside temperatures: Heating capacity is
constant up to -15 °C
at 35 °C output water
temperature
Heating capacity and coefcient of performance (COP) of the Aquarea LT Aquarea T-CAP
and Aquarea HT series with 12 kW at different outside temperatures and a supply water
temperature of 35 ˚C and a return water temperature of 30 ˚C.
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
+7
°C -7 °C
-15 °C
COP
kW
+7 °C -7 °C -15 °C
Aquarea T-CAP
Aquarea LT
Aquarea HT
21
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Heat pump system
Systematics and overview
Overview
Difference between Bi-Bloc system (left) and monobloc system (right)
The bi-bloc system consists of a freely installed outdoor unit and a
hydromodule that is normally installed in the installation room or in a
different frost-free room. In the case of this design, the two units are
connected by means of refrigerant piping, in which there is no danger of
freezing. The heat pump is controlled by means of the controller on the
hydromodule.
The Monobloc system consists of only one unit that is installed outdoors.
Refrigerant piping is not required for the installation, it is connected
directly to the heating system. Monobloc systems are easy to install, but
need more space. Moreover, the water within the heating system is in
danger of freezing due to power failure or when the power supplier cuts
off the supply.
The heat pump is operated via a wired remote control that is mounted
inside the building and is connected to the Monobloc unit by means
of a 15-metre long cable.
Bi-Bloc system
Monobloc system
Bi-Bloc and Monobloc system
1
4
35
2 2
1 Refrigerant circuit
2 Heating circuit (water)
3 Outdoor unit
4 Hydromodule
5 Monobloc unit
Attention The Monobloc system is in danger of freezing when the heating circuit
is lled with water and the outside temperature decreases below +4 °C!
This can lead to substantial damage to the unit.
Freedom from frost must be ensured within the heating system through
one of the following options:
1. The heating circuit is operated with a foodgrade frost protection
mixture (propylene glycol).
2. An auxiliary electric heater inside the Monobloc unit prevents the
heating circuit from freezing.
3. The heating circuit is emptied via an owner-provided device
(manually or automatically).
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Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Products, functions and technical data
Bi-Bloc system
Product features
Specic hydromodules and outdoor units are supplied together as a set,
as each set is ne tuned to work together. Different hydromodules and
outdoor units can not thus be combined arbitrarily. The Aquarea Bi-Bloc
system consists of the hydromodule (indoor) and an outdoor unit. For all
typical applications a suitable Aquarea Bi-Bloc system model consisting
of hydro-module and outdoor unit is available.
• up to 80 % energy extraction from ambient air for a greater
energy efciency
• maximum COP of 5.00 for single phase 3 kW model for A7 / W35
• inverter technology allows controllable output of the unit and
contributes to energy saving
• environmentally compatible refrigerant (R410A with Aquarea LT and
T-CAP and R407C with Aquarea HT), does no damage to the ozone
layer
• All units from generation E onwards are equipped with high-efciency
pumps
• optimum control by means of room thermostats
(room thermostats not supplied)
• models for heating mode as well as heating and cooling mode
are available
• optimised capacity depending on the return water temperature
• integrated control of the hot water tank and heating system
• 24-hour timer with operating mode control
• operation and control on the hydromodule
• simple programming via the controller
• Aquarea hydromodule is equipped for safety reasons with:
- 2
FI RCD circuit breakers
with 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14 and 16 kW units
- 3 FI RCD circuit breakers with 12, 14 and 16 kW units
(Phase-out models)
3.1.1 Product features
Energy efciency
and environmental
friendliness
3 Products, functions and technical data
3.1 Bi-Bloc system
High level of comfort
Easy operation
23
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Products, functions and technical data
Bi-Bloc system
Product features
Easy maintenance
and assembly
• compact design
• easy control of the water pressure through a gauge in the front casing
• easy to open - hydromodule and outdoor unit
• exible assembly due to long piping
• piping up to 30 metres with a height difference up to 20 metres
(for models up to 9 kW)
• piping up to 40 metres with a height difference of up to 30 metres
(for models with 12 to 16 kW)
• the piping connection to the outdoor units can occur in four directions
(front, rear, side, bottom)
Supply water
temperature (°C)
Outside
temperature (°C)
Cooling mode
1
Maximum 20 43
Minimum 5 16
Heating mode Maximum 55 / 65
2
35
Minimum 25 -20
3
1
valid for models with cooling mode
2
valid for Aquarea HT
3
If the outside temperatures drop below the specied value, the heating capacity decreases
signicantly. This can lead to the shutdown of the unit due to internal safety functions.
24
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Products, functions and technical data
Bi-Bloc system
Hydromodule
Hydromodule
Components
single phase
3 to 5 kW
three phase
9 kW
single phase
7 to 16 kW
three phase
12 to 16 kW
Component name
1
Electronic printed circuit board
2
Controller
3
Safety valve
4
Flow rate cut-out
5
Manometer (water pressure gauge)
6
Water circulation pump
(Illustration shows a high-efciency pump
without differential pressure control)
7
FI RCD circuit breakers (differs from
model to model, see Detail A)
8
Cabinet front plate
9
Cabinet
10
Handle
11
Overload protection
12
Additional electric heater
13
10 L Expansion vessel
14
Cable passage
15
Deaeration
POWER SUPPLY 1
NL
POWER SUPPLY 2
NL
POWER SUPPLY 1
NL
POWER SUPPLY 2
NL
POWER SUPPLY 2
POWER SUPPLY 1
L
A1 LA2 LA3
N
NL
POWER SUPPLY 3
L
C1LC2 LC3
N
POWER SUPPLY 1
L
A1 LA2 LA3
N
14
d
a
e
c
b
6
5
2
3
9
8
10
1
7
12
11
13
154
Connection name
a
Supply water Ø R 1¼
b
Gas side refrigerant
connection (19.1 mm)
c
Liquid side refrigerant
connection (6.4 to 9.5 mm)
d
Water drain
e
Supply water Ø R 1¼
A
Different FI RCD circuit breakers
25
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Products, functions and technical data
Bi-Bloc system
Hydromodule
Hydromodule
Components
8
d
a
e
c
b
6
4
2
10
9
11
3
1
5
7
A
B
13
12
14
15
Phase-out models C & D series
single and three phase, 3 to 9 kW
single and three phase, 12 to 16 kW
single phase,
7
to
9 kW
Detail A (left) and B (right) of the components of hydromodule
single phase,
12
to
16 kW
three phase, 12
to
16 kW
and single phase 3
to
5 kW
Component name
1
Electronic printed circuit board
2
Controller
3
Safety valve
4
Flow rate cut-out
5
Manometer (water pressure gauge)
6
3-stage water circulation pump
(Figure shows standard pump)
7
FI RCD circuit breakers (differs from
model to model, see Detail A)
8
Cable passage
9
Cabinet front plate
10
Cabinet
11
Handle
12
Overload protection (differs from
one model to the other, see Detail B)
13
Additional electric heater (3, 6 and / or 9 kW)
14
10 l Expansion vessel
15
Deaeration
Connection name
a
Supply water Ø R 1¼
b
Gas side refrigerant
connection (19.1 mm)
c
Liquid side refrigerant
connection (6.4 to 9.5 mm)
d
Water drain
e
Supply water Ø R 1¼
A
Different FI RCD
circuit breakers
B
Different electric heating and
overload protection elements
26
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Products, functions and technical data
Bi-Bloc system
Hydromodule
Dimensional drawing
for hydromodule
1
Front view
2
Side view
3
Bottom view
Dimensions of hydromodule in mm
98.5
97.5
38
502
892
353
271
241
228.5
97.5
205.5
1 2
3
27
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Products, functions and technical data
Bi-Bloc system
Outdoor unit
540
622
330
298
23
124
846 69
160
29837
2
3
1
Outdoor unit
Dimensional drawing
for outdoor unit with
one fan (3 and 5 kW)
1
Front view
2
Side view
3
Bottom view
Dimensions of outdoor unit with one fan (3 and 5 kW) in mm.
The air ow is depicted by arrows.
28
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Products, functions and technical data
Bi-Bloc system
Outdoor unit
620
795
400
355
320
24
140
900
140
320
2
3
1
Outdoor unit
Dimensional drawing
for outdoor unit with
one fan (7 and 9 kW)
1
Front view
2
Side view
3
Top view
Dimensions of outdoor unit with one fan (7 and 9 kW) in mm.
The air ow is depicted by arrows.
29
Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Products, functions and technical data
Bi-Bloc system
Outdoor unit
1,340
400
355
320
900
320
2
3
620
140 140
1
24
Dimensional drawing
for outdoor unit with
two fans
1
Front view
2
Side view
3
Top view
Dimensions of outdoor unit with two fans in mm. The air ow is depicted by arrows.
30 Aquarea air / water heat pump – design handbook 07 / 2014
Products, functions and technical data
Bi-Bloc system
Technical data
Bi-Bloc system
Series
Aquarea LT Aquarea LT
Phases single phase
Hydromodule
Model
WH-SDF03E3E5*
WH-SDC03E3E5*
WH-SDF05E3E5*
WH-SDC05E3E5*
WH-SDC07F3E5*
1
WH-SDC09F3E5*
1
WH-SDC12F6E5*
1
WH-SDC14F6E5*
1
WH-SDC16F6E5*
1
Output capacity
Heating capacity A-15 / W35
kW 3.2 4.2 4.29 5.9 9 9.73 10.24
Power consumption A-15 / W35
kW 1.39 1.94 1.88 2.5 3.55 3.9 4.24
3.13 3.44 3.8 4.6 3.64 4.99 3.35 5.20 6.70 3.82 5.21 3.75 5.58
Coefcient of performance A-15 / W35
– 2.3 2.16 2.28 2.36 2.54 2.49 2.42
2.55 2.52 2.47 2.29 2.48 2.42 2.60 2.37 2.37 2.41 2.18 2.4 2.15
Heating capacity A-7 / W35
kW 3.2 4.2 5.75 6.55 10.74 11.55 12.28
9.49 10.07 10.86 12.01 9.31 12.63 8.88 11.77 15.75 9.31 11.91 9 12
Power consumption A-7 / W35
kW 1.19 1.62 1.99 2.38 3.58 3.96 4.32
Coefcient of performance A-7 / W35
– 2.69 2.59 2.89 2.75 3 2.91 2.84
3.16 2.85 2.76 2.66 2.84 2.73 2.93 2.67 2.61 2.84 2.61 2.7 2.5
Heating capacity A2 / W35
kW 3.2 4.52 6.55 6.7 11.4 12.4 13
Power consumption A2 / W35
kW 0.9 1.35 1.96 2.14 3.31 3.69 3.96
2.53 3.31 3.7 4.09 2.5 3.42 2.31 3.25 5.00 / 2.58² 2.61 3.68 2.61 3.68
Coefcient of performance A2 / W35
– 3.56 3.35 3.34 3.13 3.44 3.36 3.28
3.59 3.44 3.26 3.24 3.67 3.43 3.82 3.47 3.18 / 3.68² 3.45 3.26 3.45 3.26
Heating capacity A7 / W35
kW 3.2 5 7 9 12 14 16
Power consumption A7 / W35
kW 0.64 1.08 1.57 2.18 2.53 3.07 3.74
1.86 2.51 2.94 3.82 1.89 2.53 1.77 2.49 3.74 1.94 2.69 1.94 2.69
Coefcient of performance A7 / W35
– 5 4.63 4.46 4.13 4.74 4.56 4.28
4.84 7.74 4.42 4.14 4.89 4.79 5.06 4.71 4.28 4.64 4.46 4.64 4.46
Heating capacity A2 / W55
kW 3.2 4.1 6 9.1 9.5 9.8 9.8
Power consumption A2 / W55
kW 1.49 2.07 3.16 4.18 4.4 4.55 4.55
3.98 4.18 4.4 4.55 4.11 5.51 4.07 5.47 7.5 3.92 4.9 3.91 4.7
Coefcient of performance A2 / W55
– 2.15 1.98 1.9 2.18 2.16 2.15 2.15
2.21 2.18 2.16 2.15 2.19 2.18 2.21 2.19 2.13 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3
Cooling capacity A35 / W7
kW – 3.2 – 4.5 6 7 10 11.5 12.2
Power consumption A35 / W7
kW – 1.04 – 1.67 2.28 2.88 3.65 4.36 4.76
2.21 3.51 4.4 4.8 2.25 3.6 2.21 3.56 4.76 – – – –
Coefcient of performance (EER) A35 / W7
– – 3.08 – 2.69 2.63 2.43 2.81 2.64 2.56
3.17 2.85 2.61 2.54 3.11 2.78 3.17 2.81 2.56 – – – –
Unit data
Dimensions (H × W × D)
mm 892 × 502 × 353
Weight
kg 43 44 43 44 43 43 45 45 46
Water-side connection
inch AG R 1¼
Pump – speed stepping
3
Pump – power consumption (max.)
W 25 29 63 96 60 76 105
Volumetric ow rate of heating circuit for
A7 / W35 / 30
l / min 9.2 14.3 20.1 25.8 34.4 40.1 45.9
25.8 34.4 40.1 45.9 25.8 34.4 25.8 34.4 45.9 25.8 34.4 25.8 34.4
Minimum circulation
l / min 5 10
Safety valve (open / closed)
bar 3 / ≤ 2.65
Electric
Capacity of the additional electric heater kW 3 6
Power consumption (heating / cooling) kW 2.35 2.59 4.59 5.01 5.3 5.52 5.74
Operation and starting current (heating / cooling) A 3 5 7.2 10 16 19.5 21.3
Power supply 1 (current consumption) A 11 12 21 22.9 24 25 26
11.8 8.8 9.4 9.9 25 29 14.7 11.9 15.5 28.5 29 14.5 10.8
Power supply 1 (frequency / voltage) Hz / V 50 / 230
Power supply 2 (current consumption) A 26 26 13 26
Power supply 2 (frequency / voltage) Hz / V 50 / 230
50 / 230 50 / 400 50 / 230 50 / 400 50 / 230 50 / 230 50 / 400
Panasonic measurement data in accordance with EN 14511-2. The data is to be considered as guidance values and not as a performance guarantee
* Devices have a high efciency pump and full the criteria of the Ecodesign Directive valid from 2015 for energy-related products (ErP)
1
Preliminary data
Panasonic measurement data in accordance with EN 14511-2. The data is to be considered as guidance values and not as a performance guarantee
* Devices have a high efciency pump and full the criteria of the Ecodesign Directive valid from 2015 for energy-related products (ErP)
1
Preliminary data
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