OvisLink GDUO User Manual

6.3.3 Advance (Wireless Settings)

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Advance

6. Client + AP Mode

 Fragmentation: When the size of a unicast frame exceeds the fragmentation

threshold, it will be fragmented before the transmission. It should have a value of 256-2346 bytes, with a default of 2346. If you experience a high packet error rate, you should slightly decrease the Fragmentation Threshold.

 RTS Threshold: RTS/CTS frames are used to gain control of the medium for

transmission. Any unicast (data or control) frames larger than specified RTS threshold must be transmitted following the RTS/CTS handshake exchange mechanism. The RTS threshold should have a value between 256-2347 bytes, with a default of 2347. It is recommended that this value does not deviate from the default too much.

 Beacon Interval: The device broadcasts beacon frames regularly to announce its

existence. The beacon Interval specifies how often beacon frames are transmitted in time unit of milliseconds. The default value is 100, and a valid value should be between 1 and 65,535.

 AckTimeOut: When a packet is sent out from one wireless station to the other, it will

waits for an Acknowledgement frame from the remote station. The station will only wait for a certain amount of time, this time is called the ACK timeout. In most conditions, please put ACKtimeout value at zero(default value). The AP will calculate the ACKtimeout automatically when the value is zero. However, you can also enter

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the ACKtimeout manually.

 Preamble Type: A preamble is a signal used in wireless environment to synchronize

the transmitting timing including Synchronization and Start frame delimiter. In a "noisy" network environment, the Preamble Type should be set to Long Preamble. The Short Preamble is intended for applications where minimum overhead and maximum performance is desired. If in a "noisy" network environment, the performance will be decreased.

 IAPP: IAPP (Inter Access Point Protocol) is designed for the enforcement of unique

association throughout a ESS (Extended Service Set) and a secure exchange of station’s security context between current access point (AP) and new AP during handoff period.

 BG Protection: The 802.11g standard includes a protection mechanism to ensure mixed 802.11b

and 802.11g operation. If there is no such kind of mechanism exists, the two kinds of standards may mutually interfere and decrease network’s performance.

.

 Hide SSID: Enable Hide SSID will make the AP network’s SSID invisible. A device

can link with the AP only if correct SSID name is entered.

 Isolation: Enable Isolation will prevent wireless clients to see each other on the

network.

 TX Power Level: You can set your TX Output power level here. Please note the

maximum allowable TX output power in EU is 20dBm. Please do not exceed your country’s legal limit.

6.3.4 Access Control

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Access Control

The G.DUO allows you to define a list of MAC addresses that are allowed or denied to access the wireless network. This function is available only for Access Point and Gateway modes.

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6. Client + AP Mode

 Access Control List

 Disable: When selected, no MAC address filtering will be performed. 

Allow list: When selected, data traffic from only the specified devices in the table will be allowed in the network.



Deny list: When selected, data traffic from the devices specified in the table will be denied/discarded by the network.

6.3.5 Associated Clients

Click on this to show the current wireless clients associated to the AP. It will display MAC adderss, Trasmit packet, Tx rate, power saving, expire time, and signal strength.

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

7

In this chapter, we will explain about the wireless settings for Gateway+AP Mode. Please be sure to read through Chapter 1.4 and Chapter 3’s “Introduction to Web Management” and “Initial Configurations” first.

It is highly recommended that you use 2 directional antennas in this mode to achieve larger coverage and avoid mutual interference. If you need to use the supplied 2dBi Omni antennas, please adjust them according to the diagram below:

7.1 Application for Gateway +AP Mode

In this mode, both Radio1 and Radio2 are performing as AP Router. This is perfect for shopping mall or office where they can extend the coverage of the wireless IP sharing.

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

In this mode, the WAN port is in the LAN1. It can be seen as a wireless router with 2 radios.

7.2 Radio1: WISP Router Mode Settings

Although both Radio1 and Radio2 are working as wireless router, the WAN configuration is on the Radio1 side..

When you select “Radio1” as the interface, the following screen will appear.

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

7.2.1 Basic Wireless Settings

 Band: You can choose between “802.11g/b”, “802.11g”, or “802.11b”. We

recommend to leave the setting at “802.11g/b”.

 SSID: The SSID setting of the remote AP. If you are not sure, you can click on

“Site Survey” button to scan for AP.

 Channel: Wireless Channel used. For EU, it is channel 1~13. For U.S.A., it is

channel 1~11.

7.2.2 Security Settings

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Security Settings

Security settings allow you to use encryption to secure your data from eavesdropping. You can select different security policy to provide association authentication and/or data encryption. The G.DUO features various security policies including WEP, 802.1x, WPA, WPA Personal, WPA2, WPA2 Personal , WPA Mixed.

WEP

WEP Encryption is the oldest and most available encryption method. However, it is also the least secure.

 Select one of the WEP key for wireless network: There are total of 4 possible keys

for WEP encryption. You need to choose which key will be used for encryption. All wireless devices on the same network have to use the same settings. We recommend using WEP Key 1 as in default setting.

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

 Authentication: 2 types of Authentication are offered. Open system and

Shared key. If you are not sure which one to use, please select “Auto”.

 Key Length: The G.DUO offers 64bit and 128 bit for WEP key length. The

longer the Key Length, the more secure the encryption is.

 Key Type: 2 types are available: ASCII and HEX. ASCII is a string of ASCII

code including alphabetical characters, space, signs and numbers (i.e. “airlivepass12”). HEX is a string of 16-bit hexadecimal digits (0..9, a, b, c, d, e, f). All wireless devices on the network must match the exact key length and Key type. Some Wireless clients only allow HEX type for WEP.

 ASCII-64: This is a key with 64-bit key length of ASCII type. Please enter 5

ASCII Characters if you choose this option. For example, “passw”

 HEX-64: This is a key with 64-bit key length of HEX type. Please enter 10

Hexadecimal digits if you choose this option. For example, “12345abcdef”

 ASCII-128: This is a key with 64-bit key length of ASCII type. Please enter 13

ASCII Characters if you choose this option. For example, “airlivewepkey”

 HEX-128: This is a key with 128-bit key length of HEX type. Please enter 26

Hexadecimal digits if you choose this option. For example, “1234567890abcdef1234567890”

WPA-Personal, WPA2-Personal, WPA-Mixed (Pre-Shared Key)

The WPA Personal is also known as “WPA-PSK” encryption. Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) introduces the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) that provides added security. WPA2 adds full support for 802.11i standard and the CCMP (AES Encryption). The WPA-Mixed tries to authenticate wireless clients using both WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK.

 Encryption Type: There are two encryption types TKIP and CCMP (AES). While

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CCMP provides better security than TKIP, some wireless client stations may not be equipped with the hardware to support it. You can select Mixed to allow TKIP clients and CCMP clients to connect to the Access Point at the same time.

 Pre-Shared Key Format: You can select between Passphrase(ASCII) or HEX

format. Please select Passphrase if you are not sure what to use.



Pre-Shared Key: Enter the password key here..

WPA-Enterprise, WPA2-Enterprise, WPA-Mixed Enterprise (Radius)

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) Enterprise uses Radius Server as the authenticator. WPA2 adds full support for 802.11i standard and the CCMP (AES Encryption). The WPA-Mixed tries to authenticate wireless clients using both WPA or WPA2.

7.2.3 Advance (Wireless Settings)

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

 Fragmentation: When the size of a unicast frame exceeds the fragmentation

threshold, it will be fragmented before the transmission. It should have a value of 256-2346 bytes, with a default of 2346. If you experience a high packet error rate, you should slightly decrease the Fragmentation Threshold.

 RTS Threshold: RTS/CTS frames are used to gain control of the medium for

transmission. Any unicast (data or control) frames larger than specified RTS threshold must be transmitted following the RTS/CTS handshake exchange mechanism. The RTS threshold should have a value between 256-2347 bytes, with a default of 2347. It is recommended that this value does not deviate from the default too much.

 Beacon Interval: The device broadcasts beacon frames regularly to announce its

existence. The beacon Interval specifies how often beacon frames are transmitted in time unit of milliseconds. The default value is 100, and a valid value should be between 1 and 65,535.

 AckTimeOut: When a packet is sent out from one wireless station to the other, it will

waits for an Acknowledgement frame from the remote station. The station will only wait for a certain amount of time, this time is called the ACK timeout. In most conditions, please put ACKtimeout value at zero(default value). The AP will calculate the ACKtimeout automatically when the value is zero. However, you can also enter the ACKtimeout manually.

 Preamble Type: A preamble is a signal used in wireless environment to synchronize

the transmitting timing including Synchronization and Start frame delimiter. In a "noisy" network environment, the Preamble Type should be set to Long Preamble. The Short Preamble is intended for applications where minimum overhead and maximum performance is desired. If in a "noisy" network environment, the performance will be decreased.

 IAPP: IAPP (Inter Access Point Protocol) is designed for the enforcement of unique

association throughout a ESS (Extended Service Set) and a secure exchange of station’s security context between current access point (AP) and new AP during handoff period.

 BG Protection: The 802.11g standard includes a protection mechanism to ensure mixed 802.11b

and 802.11g operation. If there is no such kind of mechanism exists, the two kinds of standards may mutually interfere and decrease network’s performance.

.

 Hide SSID: Enable Hide SSID will make the AP network’s SSID invisible. A device

can link with the AP only if correct SSID name is entered.

 Isolation: Enable Isolation will prevent wireless clients to see each other on the

network.

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

 TX Power Level: You can set your TX Output power level here. Please note the

maximum allowable TX output power in EU is 20dBm. Please do not exceed your country’s legal limit.

7.2.4 Access Control

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Access Control

The G.DUO allows you to define a list of MAC addresses that are allowed or denied to access the wireless network. This function is available only for Access Point and Gateway modes.

 Access Control List

 Disable: When selected, no MAC address filtering will be performed. 

Allow list: When selected, data traffic from only the specified devices in the table will be allowed in the network.



Deny list: When selected, data traffic from the devices specified in the table will be denied/discarded by the network.

7.2.5 Associated Clients

Click on this to show the current wireless clients associated to the AP. It will display MAC adderss, Trasmit packet, Tx rate, power saving, expire time, and signal strength.

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

7.2.6 Signal Survey

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Site Survey -> Signal Survey

The Signal Survey will continuously display the SIGNAL STRENGTH value of the selected SSID for antenna alignment purpose. To use Signal Survey function, please enter the “Site Survey” function first; please refer to the instruction in the above section. Once you select the ESSID and click on the “Signal Survey” button, the following screen will appear.

 BSSID: This is the remote AP’s MAC address.  Channel: The current scanned channel  Signal Strength: This is signal strength number in percentage in 0 to 100 scale.

The higher the number, the better signal.

7.2.7 WAN Port

Operation Mode -> Setup -> WAN Port

The G.DUO support different authentication and IP assignment standards for the WAN port. It includes fixed IP, DHCP, PPPoE, PPTP, L2TP, and Big Pond protocols. Please consult with your ISP about what authentication type is used for the WAN port connection.

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 Clone MAC Address: In this place, you can assign a MAC address for the WAN

port. In case of WISP mode, it is Radio1’s MAC address. For Gatway mode, it is the WAN/LAN1 MAC address.

 Enable UPnP: Check this field will enable Universal Plug n Play protocol  Enable Web Server Access on WAN: Check this field will enable remote

management from WAN side.

7.2.8 Virtual Server Settings

Virtual server allows you to specify one or more applications running on server computers on the LAN that may be accessed by any Internet user. Internet data destined for the specified public port will be directed to the specified private port number on the LAN client with the specified private IP address.

If you want to allow your web server, ftp server, or email server to be accessible from Internet, you would need to open specific port on the virtual server to your local IP address.

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

For a list of most frequent used TCP and UDP ports. Please visit

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers

7.2.9 DMZ

Advanced Settings >> Multiple DMZ

DMZ opens all TCP/UDP ports to particular IP address on the LAN side. It allows setting up servers behind the G.DUO.

7.2.10 DDNS

Dynamic Domain Name System. An algorithm that allows the use of dynamic IP address for hosting Internet Server. A DDNS service provides each user account with a domain name. The G.DUO support “Dyndns” and “TZO” service.

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

7.2.11 DoS (Denial of Service)

Denial of Service is a type of network attack that floods the network with useless traffic. Many DoS attacks, such as the Ping of Death and Teardrop attacks, exploit limitations in the TCP/IP protocols.

The G.DUO provides a list of Firewall grade DoS control that protect your network from hacker attack.

7.2.12 URL Filter

The G.DUO provide URL filter function to stop access to certain website. It is especially useful for parents to stop children from accessing some websites.

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

7.2.13 MAC Filter

MAC filter can filter out traffic from certain MAC addresses. It can prevent access to internet from certain station in the local LAN.

7.2.14 IP Filter

IP filtering allows you to block certain IP addresses from accessing the network.

7.2.15 Port Filter

Port filtering allows you to block certain applications from accessing the network.

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

7.2.16 Router (Static Route)

This allows you to manually configure static network routes. Static routes will override routes learned by standard routing protocol discover methods.

7.2.17 RIP (Routing Information Protocol

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Access Control

The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a dynamic routing protocol used in local and wide

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area networks

7. Gateway + AP Mode

7.3 Radio2: AP Mode Settings

The Radio2 is working in Access Point Mode. The default SSID is “AirLive2”. When you select “Radio2” as the interface, the following screen will appear:

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7. Gateway + AP Mode

7.3.1 Basic Wireless Settings

 Band: You can choose between “802.11g/b”, “802.11g”, or “802.11b”. We

recommend leaving the setting at “802.11g/b”.

 SSID: The SSID setting of the remote AP. If you are not sure, you can click on

“Site Survey” button to scan for AP.

 Channel: Wireless Channel used. For EU, it is channel 1~13. For U.S.A., it is

channel 1~11.

7.3.2 Security Settings

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Security Settings

Security settings allow you to use encryption to secure your data from eavesdropping. You can select different security policy to provide association authentication and/or data encryption. The G.DUO features various security policies including WEP, 802.1x, WPA, WPA Personal, WPA2, WPA2 Personal , WPA Mixed.

WEP

WEP Encryption is the oldest and most available encryption method. However, it is also the least secure.

 Select one of the WEP key for wireless network: There are total of 4 possible keys

for WEP encryption. You need to choose which key will be used for encryption. All wireless devices on the same network have to use the same settings. We recommend using WEP Key 1 as in default setting.

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