It is of vital importance, before attempting to
operate your engine, to read the general
'SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND WARNINGS'
section on pages 2-5 of this booklet and to strictly
adhere to the advice contained therein.
Also, please study the entire contents of this
instruction manual, so as to familiarize yourself
with the controls and other features of the
engine.
Keep these instructions in a safe place so that
you may readily refer to them whenever
necessary.
It is suggested that any instructions supplied
with the vehicle, radio control equipment, etc.,
are accessible for checking at the same time.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND
WARNINGS ABOUT YOUR O.S. ENGINE
INTRODUCTION
BASIC ENGINE PARTS
INSTALLATION
SUPER AIR CLEANER 203
NOTES CONCERNING
THE RECOIL STARTER
GLOWPLUG
TOOLS, ACCESSORIES, etc.
CARBURETOR CONTROLS
PRESSURIZED FUEL SYSTEM
CONTENTS
STARTING THE ENGINE &
2-5
8-9
9-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
15
15
RUNNING-IN ('Breaking-in)
IF THE ENGINE FAILS TO START
6
FINAL ADJUSTMENT
7
CARBURETOR CLEANLINESS
CARE AND MAINTENANCE
ENGINES EXPLODED VIEW &
PARTS LIST
CARBURETOR EXPLODED VIEW &
PARTS LIST
O.S. GENUINE PARTS & ACCESSORIES
THREE VIEW DRAWING
MEMO
1
16-17
18
18-19
20
21
22-25
26-27
28-29
30-31
32
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND WARNINGS ABOUT YOUR O.S. ENGINE
Remember that your engine is not a "toy", but a highly efficient internalcombustion machine whose power is capable of harming you, or others, if it is
misused.
As owner, you, alone, are responsible for the safe operation of your engine, so act
with discretion and care at all times.
If at some future date, your O.S. engine is acquired by another person, we would
respectfully request that these instructions are also passed on to its new owner.
The advice which follows applies basically to ALL MODEL ENGINES and is
grouped under two headings according to the degree of damage or danger
which might arise through misuse or neglect.
WARNINGS
These cover events which
might involve serious (in
extreme circumstances, even
fatal) injury.
WARNINGS
Model engine fuel is poisonous. Do not allow it to
come into contact with the
eyes or mouth. Always store
it in a clearly marked container and out of the reach
of children.
Model engine fuel is also
highly flammable. Keep it
away from open flame,
excessive heat, sources of
sparks, or anything else
which might ignite it. Do not
smoke or allow anyone else
to smoke, near to it.
NOTES
These cover the many other
possibilities, generally less obvious
sources of danger, but which, under
certain circumstances, may also
cause damage or injury.
2
Never operate your engine in an enclosed space. Model engines, like
automobile engines, exhaust deadly
carbon-monoxide. Run your engine
only in an open area.
Model engines generate
considerable heat. Do not
touch any part of your
engine until it has cooled.
Contact with the muffler
(silencer), cylinder head
or exhaust header pipe, in
particular, may result in a
serious burn.
3
NOTES
This engine is intended for model cars.
Do not attempt to use it for any other
purpose.
Mount the engine in your model
securely, following the manufacturers'
recommendations, using appropriate
screws and locknuts.
Fit an effective silencer (muffler).
Frequent close exposure to a noisy
exhaust (especially in the case of the
more powerful highspeed engines)
may eventually impair your hearing
and such noise is also likely to cause
annoyance to others over a wide area.
The wearing of safety glasses is also
strongly recommended.
Take care that the glowplug clip or
battery leads do not come into contact
with rotating parts. Also check that the
linkage to the throttle arm is secure.
For their safety, keep all onlookers
(especially small children) well back
(at least 20 feet or 6 meters) when
preparing your model for running.
4
NOTES
To stop the engine, fully retard the
throttle stick and trim lever on the
trans-mitter, or, in an emergency, cut
off the fuel supply by pinching the fuel
delivery line from the tank.
Do not attempt to disassemble the
recoil starter of the 18CV-RX.
If you do so, the very strong spring
inside will be suddenly ejected. This
can be very dangerous.
Do not extend the starter cord more
than 45cm (18"). Do not abruptly
release the operating handle. Allow
the cord to rewind smoothly while
still holding the handle.
Pull the operating handle straight out
when starting the engine, so that the
cord does not rub against the vehicle
body or engine. This will help prevent
the cord from being damaged by
abrasion or engine heat.
Warning! Immediately after a glowplugignition engine has been run and is still
warm, conditions sometimes exist
whereby it is just possible for the engine
to abruptly restart if it is rotated over
compression WITHOUT the glowplug
battery being reconnected.
5
INTRODUCTION
The MAX-18CV -R and MAX-18CV-RX are
high-perfomance engines for 1/10 class
R/C cars.
The 18CV -RX is a recoil starter version.
Newly developed 11G slide valve
carburetor is equipped.
Standard accessories
Glow Plug No.8
Super Air Cleaner 203 Assembly
Engine Mount Spacer (for 18CV-RX)
Instruction manual
NOTE:
As delivered, the engine has its
carburetor lightly fit into its intake.
Secure it changing its angle according
to the car chassis.
NOTE:
With this engine, the piston will feel tight
at the top of its stroke when the engine is
cold. This is normal. The piston and
cylinder are designed to achieve a
perfect running clearance when they
reach their normal running temperatures.
About Head Gasket
These engines are fitted with two head gaskets
of 0.1mm thick and 0.2mm thick. It is
suggested to adjust the total thickness
according to atmospheric temperature,
humidity and glowplug used.
At early stage of running-in, when a glowplug
tends to burn out early or when high
nitromethane content fuel is used, try to run
the engine as it is.
When low nitromethane content fuel is used,
try to run the engine removing a 0.1mm
gasket.
6
BASIC ENGINE PARTS
Carburetor
Beam Mount
Crankshaft
Drive Hub
Crankcase
Heatsink Heat
Starter Handle
Recoil Starter
Assembly No.5
MAX-18CV-RX
INSTALLING THE GLOWPLUG
Install washer on glowplug
and insert carefully into
cylinder-head, making sure
that it is not crossthreaded before tightening
firmly.
Glow plug
Washer
7
INSTALLATION OF THE CARBURETOR
As delivered, the engine has its carburetor
lightly fit into the intake boss. Secure it as
follows.
Loosen the retainer screw, rotate the
1.
carburetor to its correct position and make
sure that it is pressed well down into the
intake boss, compressing the rubber gasket,
before retightening screw.
Rotate the retainer screw gently until it
2.
stops, then tighten a further 60-90˚.
Do not overtighten the screw as this will
damage the carburetor body.
Rotate the retainer nut
gently until it stops.
Tighten a further 60-90˚
8
ENGINE INSTALLATION
Make sure that the vehicle's engine mounting
surfaces are level and in the same plane. Poor
installation may cause distortion of the
crankcase, bearings, etc., resulting in erratic
running and loss of performance.
The recommended screws for securing the
engine are 3mm or 4-40 steel Allen hexagon
socket type.
If existing holes in the engine mount do not align
perfectly with engine mounting lugs, enlarge
them slightly with a needle-file so that screws
enter vertically.
Chassis
Chamfer inside edges of bearers.
Avoid forcing the screws. Secure with locknuts.
If the bottom of the recoil starter housing would
otherwise touch the car chassis, fit the engine
mount spacers (supplied) between the
engine's mounting lugs and the engine mount.
Use the M3x15 screws provided. With some
vehicles, it may be necessary to make minor
trimming modifications to chassis or body
when fitting the engine.
NOTE:
Where spacers are supplied joined in pairs
(see sketch) separate them as shown.
Either face may be placed downwards.
Mount Spacer
Separate
Engine Mount
Engine Mount Spacer
AIR CLEANER TYPE 203
This is a heavy-duty wet type air cleaner that has
been developed specifically for 3.5cc 'off-road'
model car engines. It is more compact than the
former O.S. SUPER AIR CLEANER 202 and this
makes it easier to install within a car body.
203 Intake Elbow
Element Base
Filter Element
End Plate
Retaining Screw
NOTE:
The element is already impregnated with a special
filter oil. As this oil is very sticky, take care, when
handling it, to prevent dust or dirt from adhering to
the element. If your fingers become contaminated,
wash them with soap and water.
9
"O" Ring
ASSEMBLY
Insert the filter element on the element base.
Fit the end plate with retaining screw, making sure
that the element fits correctly between the end
plate and base.
Insert the joint pipe on the element base and
secure it with "O" ring.
Fit the end plate, retaining screw, making sure that
the element fits correctly between the end plate and
base.
Element misaligned
REPLACMENT OF ELEMENT
NOTE:
During storage, the oil may have become unevenl y
dispersed through the element. This will be
indicated if the blue colour of the element material
appears patchy. In this case, place the element in a
small plastic bag and gently rub the element
between finger and thumb to redistribute oil.
It is advisable to replace the filter element after each
hour of running time. Be careful not to enter the dirt
and dust into the carburetor.
INSTALLATION
Carefully clean the carburettor, removing any old
adhesive or sealant that may have been previously
used on the outside of the air intake.
"O" Ring
10
FURTHER PRECAUTIONS
When removing the air cleaner, check the inside of the
element base and carburetor venturi. If any dirt is
detected, this indicates that the filter element was
incorrectly fitted or should have been replaced earlier.
In this event, it is vitally important to wash out the inside
of the engine thoroughly, with alcohol or fuel, before it
is used again, otherwise rapid wear of the
piston/cylinder assenbly, bearings, connecting-rod,
etc., will occur. Obviously, it will be necessary to carry
out the same procedure with the air cleaner and to
replace the filter element.
NOTE:
Be careful not to splash alcohol or fuel over the
filter element, or the filter oil will be washed away,
and the filter capacity will be lowered.
NOTES CONCERNING THE RECOIL STARTER
REMINDER!
Do not attempt to disassemble the recoil starter.
◆
If you do so, the very strong spring inside will be
suddenly ejected. This can be very dangerous.
◆
Do not extend the starter cord more than
45cm(18"). Do not abruptly release the operating
handle. Allow the cord to rewind smoothly while
still holding the handle.
◆
Pull the operating handle straight out when
starting the engine, so that the cord does not
rub against the vehicle body or engine.
This will help prevent the cord from being
◆
damaged by abrasion or engine heat.
Try to avoid spilling fuel over the starter unit and
◆
its cord. Some fuels have a detrimental effect on
these parts.
The starter prevents the engine from being rotated in the wrong direction.The unit will be
damaged if you attempt to force the flywheel in
the opposite direction (i.e. clockwise when
viewed from the crankshaft end).
11
( 18CV-RX ONLY)
NOTE:
Because, in the interests of personal safety,
dismantling of the starter mechanism is
strongly discouraged, the Recoil Starter is
available for replacement only as a preassembled unit. However, some related parts,
such as Starting Shaft and Rear Adaptor, are
obtainable separately. (See Parts List.)
GLOWPLUG
Since the glowplug and fuel combination used may
have a marked effect on performance and reliability, it
would be worthwhile to experiment with different plug
types. An O .S. N o.8 gl owplug is supplied with the
engine. Other Recommended O.S. plugs are A5 and
R5. Carefully install plug finger-tight, before final tightening with the correct size plug wrench.
The role of the glowplug
With a glowplug engine, ignition is initiated by the
application of a 1.5-volt power source. When the
battery is disconnected, the heat retained within the
combustion chamber remains sufficient to keep the
plug filament glowing, thereby continuing to keep the
engine running. Ignition timing is 'automatic' : under
reduced load, allowing higher rpm, the plug becomes
hotter and, appropriately, fires the fuel/air charge
earlier; conversely, at reduced rpm, the plug become
cooler and ignition is retarded.
Glowplug life
Particularly in the case of very high performance
engines,
glowplugs must be regarded as expendable
items.
However, plug life can be extended and engine
performance maintained by careful use, i.e.:
Install a plug suitable for the engine.
Use fuel containing a moderate percentage of
nitromethane unless more is essential for racing
events.
Do not run the engine too lean and do not leave the
battery connected while adjusting the needle.
12
When to replace the glowplug
Apart from when actually burned out, a plug may
need to be replaced because it no longer delivers its
best performance, such as when:
Filament surface has roughened and turned white.
Filament coil has become distorted.
Foreign matter has adhered to filament or plug
body has corroded.
Engine tends to cut out when idling.
Starting qualities deteriorate.
TOOLS, ACCESSORIES, etc.
The following items are necessary for operating the
engine.
FUEL
Use only top quality methanol-based model engine
fuel.For consistent performance and long engine life,
it is advisable to use fuel containing AT LEAST 18%
lubricant. This engine is designed to run on both lo w and
high nitromethane content fuels,i.e. from mild mixtures
containing a few percent of nitromethane, up to highspeed racing fuels containing 40%,nitromethane.
Generally, power output is increased up to a certain
point as the nitromethane content of the fuel is increased.
As a starting point, we recommend a fuel containing
10-20% nitromethane, changing to a fuel containing
more nitro only if necessary. When the nitro content of
the fuel is increased or the brand of fuel is changed, it
is advisable to initially run the engine with a richer
needle-valve setting, so that the optimum setting for
the new fuel may be rechecked as described in the
RUNNING-IN paragraphs. When engines are run at
very high speeds and on high-nitro fuels, glowplug
elements do not last so long.
13
Reminder!
Model engine fuel is poisonous. Do not
allow it to come into contact with the eyes or
mouth. Always store it in a clearly marked
container and out of the reach of children.
Model engine fuel is also highly flammable.
Keep it away from open flame, excessive heat,
sources of sparks, or anything else which
might ignite it.
ELECTRIC STARTER BOX
For starting the engine.
It is not necessary for a recoil
starter version-i.e. 18CV-RX.
BATTERY INTEGRATED GLOWPLUG HEATER
Commercialy available handy
glowplug heater in which the
glowplug battery and battery
leads are integrated.
FUEL PUMP
For filling the fuel tank, a simple,
polyethylene "squeeze" bottle,
with a suitable spout, is required.
LONG SOCKET WRENCH
Recommended for easy removal
and replacement of the angled
and recessed glowplug, the
O.S.Long Socket Wrench
incorporates a special grip.
SILICONE FUEL LINE
Heatproof silicone tubing of
approx. 5mm o.d. and 2mm i.d.
is required for the connection
between the fuel tank and
engine.
14
CARBURETOR CONTROLS (11G
Three adjustable controls are provided on this
carburetor.
)
The Needle-Valve:
For adjusting the mixture strength when the throttle
is fully open.
The Mixture Control Screw:
For adjusting the mixture strength at partthrottle and idling speeds, to obtain steady
idling and smooth acceleration to mid speeds.
The Throttle Stop Screw:
For setting the minimum idling speed.
Needle Valve
Mixture Control Valve
Assembly Screw
Throttle Stop Screw
NOTE:
Readjustment may
be necessary, occasionally to allow for
changes in fuel formula, gear ratio or
clutch engagement
point.
PRESSURIZED FUEL SYSTEM
The somewhat violent changes of vehicle attitude
that occur in off-road running, combined with the
fact that, in buggy type cars, the fuel tank is often
located some distance from the carburettor, means
that fuel 'head' at the carburettor can vary and upset
running.Therefore,it is recommended that a muffler
pressurized fuel feed system be used.
Never run your vehicle without installing the air
cleaner. Dust and dirt that may otherwise be drawn
into the engine will rapidly shorten its life.
Fuel Tank
15
Connect suitable length of
Silicone tubing between fuel
tank and silencer.
Silicone tubing
Silencer
STARTING THE ENGINE & RUNNING-IN ('Breaking-in')
The following procedure is suitable for these engines
when the O.S. T-1030 tuned silencer and a fuel
containing up to 30% nitromethane are used.
Use the same fuel as is to be employed for all initial
running and containing NOT LESS THAN 18%
lubricant.
Temporarily remove the glowplug to check that it
glows bright red when energized.
Re-check the needle-valve
and throttle settings. Turn
Close
the needle-valve clockwise
slowly and gently until it
stops. This is the fully
closed position.Do not use
Open
Needle Valve
force to turn the needle-valve beyond this point.
Open the Needle-Valve 2 turns from the fully closed
position.
Set the throttle-stop screw
approx 0.3-0.5mm
so that the minimum
throttle opening (idle
setting) is approximately
0.3-0.5mm.
energize glowplug.
Start the engine using a
starter box, making sure the
engine rotation direction is
correct (counter-clockwise
seen from the crankshaft
end). Be sure to fit an air
cleaner when starting.
In case of the 18CV-RX
Push the choke button on
the fuel tank several times
to deliver the fuel to the
carburetor. (Do not overprime or the recoil starter
cannot be pulled.)
Pull the starter handle
briskly straight out several
times to start the engine.
16
Starter Handle
Remember!
It is vitally important to set the
throttle at the correct position
before attempting to start the
engine. If the engine is allowed to
run with the throttle too far open
under "no load" conditions, it will
rapidly overheat and may be seriously damaged.
When the engine starts, first allow it to operate in short
runs on its very rich starting settings, with the glowplug
battery still connected and with its driving wheels clear
of the ground. The rich mixture will, under these
conditions, provide adequate lubrication and cooling,
indicated by profuse smoke from the exhaust.
Next, disconnect the glowplug battery and try
running the car on the track. If the engine stalls,
open the throttle fractionally, but try to keep the
engine running as rich as possible: if it stops
because of being excessively over-rich, close the
Needle-Valve 30˚ and try again.
Run the car on the track until one tank of fuel has been
consumed, then close the Needle-Valve 30˚ and run
the car for another full tank of fuel.
Repeat this procedure until 5 more tanks of fuel have
been consumed, during which time the throttle may
be opened for brief bursts of increased power. If the
engine stops at medium speeds, close the Mixture
Screw 45-90˚.
The position of the needle-valve
when starting the engine.
Needle
30˚
30˚
30
Close the needle-valve approx.
˚
30˚ after running the vehicle for
one full tank of fuel.
Repeat this procedure several
times.
To stop the engine, close the throttle to idling speed,
then shut it off completely with the trim lever on the
transmitter. To cut off the fuel supply, pinch the fuel
delivery tube to the carburetor.
Remember!
If the engine should need to be disassembled (e.g. for
cleaning or minor parts replacement) it is advisable to
return the Needle-Valve to the original rich, starting
setting and check whether further running-in time is
required before the car is raced again. In the event of
any major working parts(e,g, piston/cylinder liner
assembly) being replaced, the complete running-in
should be repeated.
17
IF THE ENGINE FAILS TO START
Check the following:
Glowplug battery discharged or glowplug defunct.
Fuel not reaching carburetor.
Engine flooded. Do not over-prime. (This could also
cause hydraulic lock and damage the engine on
application of the electric starter.)
Remove glowplug, close needle-valve and apply
starter to pump out surplus fuel. At this time cover
the plug hole with waste so that splashing fuel will
not get into your eyes or mouth.
Remove glowplug
In case of 18CV-RX
Pull the starter knob to pump
out surplus oil.
FINAL ADJUSTMENT
Run the vehicle (with throttle fully open) over the
longest available straight course, in order to observe
the model's speed. Next return the car to the starting
point, close the Needle-Valve 30˚ and repeat the
run, taking note of the improvement in performance.
Continue with further runs, gradually reducing the
Needle-Valve setting and aiming to achieve the
highest straight-line speed. Remember, however,
that, if the Needle-Valve is shut down too far, the
engine will overheat and, accompanied by visibly
diminished exhaust smoke, the model will lose
speed. At this point, throttle down immediately, stop
the vehicle and reopen the Needle-Valve 30˚.
Having established the optimum Needle-Valve
setting, check the Mixture Control Valve setting as
follows.
With the engine running, close the throttle and allow
it to idle for about five seconds, then reopen the
throttle fully. If, at this point, the engine puffs out an
excessive amount of smoke and the vehicle does
not accelerate smoothly and rapidly, it is probable
that the idling mixture is too rich.
18
In this case, turn the Mixture Control Valve
clockwise 45~90˚. If, on the other hand, the engine
tends to speed up momentarily and then cut out
abruptly when the throttle is opened,the idling
mixture is too lean. Correct this by turning the
Mixture Control Valve counter-clockwise 45~90˚.
NOTE:
Mixture Control Valve adjustment should be made
in steps of not more than 45~90˚, carefully
checking the effect,on throttle response, of each
small adjustment.
Carry out adjustments patiently, under actual
running conditions, until the engine responds
quickly and positively to the throttle control.
Warning!
Mixture adjustments (whether via the Mixture
Control Valve, or the Needle-Valve) cannot be
made accurately under 'no-load' conditions,
which, in any case, are not advised, since such
operation carries the risk of seriously damaging
the engine through over-revving and overheating.
With the optimum mixture control position, light
smoke is visible during high speed running,and the
engine revolutions increase smoothly during
acceleration. Remember that, if the engine is
operated with the fuel/air mixture slightly too lean, it
will overheat and run unevenly. As with all engines,
it is advisable to set both needle-valve and mixture
control screw very slightly on the rich side of the best
rpm setting, as a safety measure.
If the engine runs too fast with the throttle closed,
the throttle stop screw should be turned counterclockwise to allow the throttle opening to be
reduced.
Finally, beyond the nominal break-in period, a slight
readjustment toward a leaner needle setting may be
required to maintain performance.
19
CARBURETTOR CLEANLINESS
The correct functioning of the carburetor depends on its small fuel orifices remaining clear.
BALL LINK AND SLIDE VALVE EXTENSION
It is seldom necessary to separate the slide-valve
extension from the slide-valve itself. For cleaning,
withdraw this complete sub-assembly from the
carburetor body after removing the slide-valve guide
screw. Then wash with methanol or glow-fuel.
(Note: take care not to lose the guide screw;it is a
special one.) When it is necessary to adjust the balllink position, loosen the ball-link retaining screw with
a 3mm hexagon key, re-align the ball-link and retughten the screw firmly.
REALIGNMENT OF MIXTURE CONTROL VALVE
In the course of making carburetor adjustments, it is
just possible that the Mixture Control Valve may be
inadvertently screwed in or out too far and thereby
moved beyond its effective adjustment range. Its
basic position can be found by first rotating the
Mixture Control Valve until its slotted head is flush
with the carburetor body. The valve is then screwed in
exactly 1.5 turns to re-establish its neutral position.
First rotate the Mixture Control
Valve until its slotted head is
flush with the carburetor body.
Then screw the valve in exactly
1.5 turns (0.8mm).
This is the standard position.
Mixture Control Valve
Carburetor Body
20
CARE AND MAINTENANCE
1.
The minute particles of foreign matter, that are
present in any fuel may, by accumulating and
partially obstructing fuel flow, cause engine
performance to become erratic and unreliable.
O.S. 'Super-Filters' (large and small) are available,
as optional extras, to deal with this problem.
One of these filters, fitted to the outlet tube inside
your refueling container, will prevent the entry of
foreign material into the fuel tank. It is also
recommended that a good in-line filter be installed
between the tank and carburetor.
Do not forget to clean the filters regularly to remove
2.
dirt and lint that accumulate on the filter screens.
Also, clean the carburetor itself occasionally.
At the end of each operating session, drain out any
3.
fuel that may remain in the fuel tank.
Afterwards,energize the glow-plug and try to restart
the engine, to burn off any fuel that may remain
inside the engine. Repeat this procedure until the
engine fails to fire. Do this while the engine is still
warm.
Then, inject some after-run oil into the engine, and
4.
rotate the engine with an electric starter for 4 to 5
seconds to distribute the oil to all the working
parts.
Note:
Do not inject after-run oil into the carburetor as
this may cause the O-rings inside the carburetor
to deteriorate. These procedures will reduce the
risks of starting difficulties or corrosion after a
period of storage.
Finally, when cleaning the exterior of the engine,
5.
use methanol or kerosene. Do not use gasoline or
any solvent that might damage the silicone fuel
tubing.
Caution:
The rear crankshaft bearing of this engine uses a
special plastic retainer. If the front housing needs
to be heated to remove or replace the bearing, do
not allow the bearing to exceed 120˚C (248˚F),
otherwise it may be damaged and rendered
unserviceable.